Beamforming for forward link with visual and sensing localization information
Beam-formed forward link signaling using localization information addresses interference and distance-related issues in high-traffic systems by ensuring precise directional communication, enhancing transmission reliability and reducing failures.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-10-05
- Publication Date
- 2026-04-09
AI Technical Summary
High-traffic wireless communications systems, such as those in a warehouse environment, face interference and failed transmissions due to large distances between devices, leading to issues like failed synchronization and communication failures.
Implementing beam-formed forward link signaling based on localization information to improve transmission efficiency by switching from omnidirectional to directional communication, using localization information to guide beam-based transmission.
Enhances transmission reliability and reduces interference by ensuring that signals are directed accurately to target devices, improving synchronization and overall communication effectiveness.
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Figure CN2024123277_09042026_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
BEAMFORMING FOR FORWARD LINK WITH VISUAL AND SENSING LOCALIZATION INFORMATION
[0001] FIELD OF TECHNOLOGY
[0002] The following relates to wireless communications, including beamforming for forward link with visual and sensing localization information.BACKGROUND
[0003] Wireless communications systems are widely deployed to provide various types of communication content such as voice, video, packet data, messaging, broadcast, and so on. These systems may be capable of supporting communication with multiple users by sharing the available system resources (e.g., time, frequency, and power) . Examples of such multiple-access systems include fourth generation (4G) systems such as Long Term Evolution (LTE) systems, LTE-Advanced (LTE-A) systems, or LTE-A Pro systems, and fifth generation (5G) systems which may be referred to as New Radio (NR) systems. These systems may employ technologies such as code division multiple access (CDMA) , time division multiple access (TDMA) , frequency division multiple access (FDMA) , orthogonal FDMA (OFDMA) , or discrete Fourier transform spread orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (DFT-S-OFDM) . A wireless multiple-access communications system may include one or more base stations, each supporting wireless communication for communication devices, which may be known as user equipment (UE) .SUMMARY
[0004] The systems, methods, and devices of this disclosure each have several innovative aspects, no single one of which is solely responsible for the desirable attributes disclosed herein.
[0005] A method for wireless communications by a first wireless device is described. The method may include receiving localization information associated with one or more second wireless devices, the localization information indicating a respective set of coordinates corresponding to each second wireless device of the one or more second wireless devices and transmitting, to a second wireless device of the one or more second wireless devices, forward link signaling via a beam that is based on a first set of coordinates that corresponds to the second wireless device according to the localization information.
[0006] A first wireless device for wireless communications is described. The first wireless device may include one or more memories storing processor executable code, and one or more processors coupled with the one or more memories. The one or more processors may individually or collectively be operable to execute the code to cause the first wireless device to receive localization information associated with one or more second wireless devices, the localization information indicating a respective set of coordinates corresponding to each second wireless device of the one or more second wireless devices and transmit, to a second wireless device of the one or more second wireless devices, forward link signaling via a beam that is based on a first set of coordinates that corresponds to the second wireless device according to the localization information.
[0007] Another first wireless device for wireless communications is described. The first wireless device may include means for receiving localization information associated with one or more second wireless devices, the localization information indicating a respective set of coordinates corresponding to each second wireless device of the one or more second wireless devices and means for transmitting, to a second wireless device of the one or more second wireless devices, forward link signaling via a beam that is based on a first set of coordinates that corresponds to the second wireless device according to the localization information.
[0008] A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communications is described. The code may include instructions executable by one or more processors to receive localization information associated with one or more second wireless devices, the localization information indicating a respective set of coordinates corresponding to each second wireless device of the one or more second wireless devices and transmit, to a second wireless device of the one or more second wireless devices, forward link signaling via a beam that is based on a first set of coordinates that corresponds to the second wireless device according to the localization information.
[0009] In some examples of the method, first wireless devices, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, receiving the localization information may include operations, features, means, or instructions for receiving the localization information from a localization calculation unit (LCU) , where the localization information may be associated with one or more detector devices associated with the LCU.
[0010] In some examples of the method, first wireless devices, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, receiving the localization information may include operations, features, means, or instructions for receiving, from a set of one or more detector devices, a set of sensing information associated with the one or more second wireless devices and calculating the localization information based on the set of sensing information.
[0011] In some examples of the method, first wireless devices, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, the set of one or more detector devices includes one or more location-fixed sensors, one or more cameras, or a combination thereof.
[0012] In some examples of the method, first wireless devices, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, receiving the localization information may include operations, features, means, or instructions for receiving downlink signaling that includes the localization information that indicates that the first wireless device may be to transmit the forward link signaling to at least a subset of the one or more second wireless devices, the first wireless device including a user equipment (UE) , where transmitting the forward link signaling may be based on the localization information.
[0013] Some examples of the method, first wireless devices, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for transmitting uplink signaling that includes a request for the localization information, where receiving the downlink signaling may be based on the request.
[0014] Some examples of the method, first wireless devices, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for receiving downlink signaling that indicates a trigger to switch from omnidirectional transmission to beam-based forward link transmission, where transmitting the forward link signaling may be based on the downlink signaling.
[0015] Some examples of the method, first wireless devices, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for transmitting uplink signaling that indicates a request to perform the beam-based forward link transmission, where the downlink signaling that indicates the trigger may be based on the request.
[0016] Some examples of the method, first wireless devices, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for transmitting downlink signaling that includes the localization information and an indication that a third wireless device may be to transmit forward link signaling to at least a subset of the one or more second wireless devices, the first wireless device including a network entity.
[0017] Some examples of the method, first wireless devices, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for receiving uplink signaling that includes a request for the localization information, where transmitting the downlink signaling may be based on the request.
[0018] Some examples of the method, first wireless devices, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for transmitting downlink signaling that indicates a trigger for a third wireless device to switch from omnidirectional transmission to beam-based forward link transmission.
[0019] Some examples of the method, first wireless devices, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for receiving uplink signaling that indicates a request for the third wireless device to perform the beam-based forward link transmission, where transmitting the downlink signaling may be based on the request.
[0020] Some examples of the method, first wireless devices, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for modifying one or more entries of a localization table based on the localization information, where the localization table includes a set of entries, each entry of the set of entries including a device identifier of a respective second wireless device and a corresponding set of coordinates for each respective second wireless device.
[0021] Some examples of the method, first wireless devices, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for receiving signaling that includes a configuration for the localization table, where modifying the one or more entries may be based on the configuration.
[0022] Details of one or more implementations of the subject matter described in this disclosure are set forth in the accompanying drawings and the description below. Other features, aspects, and advantages will become apparent from the description, the drawings, and the claims. Note that the relative dimensions of the following figures may not be drawn to scale.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0023] FIG. 1 shows an example of a wireless communications system that supports beamforming for forward link with visual and sensing localization information in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure.
[0024] FIGs. 2A and 2B each show a respective example of a wireless communications system that supports beamforming for forward link with visual and sensing localization information in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure.
[0025] FIG. 3 shows an example of a process flow that supports beamforming for forward link with visual and sensing localization information in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure.
[0026] FIGs. 4 and 5 show block diagrams of devices that support beamforming for forward link with visual and sensing localization information in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure.
[0027] FIG. 6 shows a block diagram of a communications manager that supports beamforming for forward link with visual and sensing localization information in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure.
[0028] FIG. 7 shows a diagram of a system including a user equipment (UE) that supports beamforming for forward link with visual and sensing localization information in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure.
[0029] FIG. 8 shows a diagram of a system including a network entity that supports beamforming for forward link with visual and sensing localization information in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure.
[0030] FIGs. 9 through 11 show flowcharts illustrating methods that support beamforming for forward link with visual and sensing localization information in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure.DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0031] Some wireless communications systems may support large amounts of traffic (e.g., such as inventor traffic in a warehouse deployment) . In some scenarios, multiple devices may cause interference. For example, in a high-traffic wireless communications system (e.g., a warehouse) , many devices (e.g., internet of things (IoT) devices, user equipments (UEs) , network entities, and so on) may communicate with each other. For instance, a reader device may trigger one or more tags to send inventory transmissions periodically. Such communications across a large quantity of devices may result in increased interference. Further, in the high-traffic wireless communications system, one or more devices may be separated by relatively large distances. As a result, a wireless device such as an IoT device may fail to receive a forward link signal (e.g., in an omnidirectional mode) , resulting in failed transmissions, failed synchronization signaling, and failed communications, among other issues.
[0032] According to techniques described herein, a wireless device (e.g., a reader, such as a UE or a network entity) may utilize directional (e.g., beam-formed) forward link signaling based on obtained localization information corresponding to target devices (e.g., tags) . A first wireless device may switch from an omnidirectional mode to a beam-based mode to improve transmission of a forward link signal to one or more second wireless devices (e.g., IoT devices) . The first wireless device may be a reader device (e.g., a UE or a network entity) . The first wireless device may receive localization information associated with the one or more second wireless devices. The localization information may indicate a respective set of coordinates corresponding to each second wireless device of the one or more second wireless devices. In some cases, the first wireless device (e.g., a network entity) may receive the localization information via a localization calculation unit (LCU) . In some examples, the first wireless device (e.g., a network entity) may receive sensing information from one or more detector units and may calculate the localization information based on the sensing information. In some examples, the first wireless device (e.g., a UE) may receive the sensing information from a network entity. Then, the first wireless device may transmit forward link signaling to a second wireless device (e.g., one or more tags) of the one or more second wireless devices. The first wireless device may transmit the forward link signaling via a beam that is based on a first set of coordinates that corresponds to the second wireless device.
[0033] Aspects of the disclosure are initially described in the context of wireless communications systems. Aspects of the disclosure are then described in the context of a process flow. Aspects of the disclosure are further illustrated by and described with reference to apparatus diagrams, system diagrams, and flowcharts that relate to beamforming for forward link with visual and sensing localization information.
[0034] FIG. 1 shows an example of a wireless communications system 100 that supports beamforming for forward link with visual and sensing localization information in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The wireless communications system 100 may include one or more devices, such as one or more network devices (e.g., network entities 105) , one or more UEs 115, and a core network 130. In some examples, the wireless communications system 100 may be a Long Term Evolution (LTE) network, an LTE-Advanced (LTE-A) network, an LTE-A Pro network, a New Radio (NR) network, or a network operating in accordance with other systems and radio technologies, including future systems and radio technologies not explicitly mentioned herein.
[0035] The network entities 105 may be dispersed throughout a geographic area to form the wireless communications system 100 and may include devices in different forms or having different capabilities. In various examples, a network entity 105 may be referred to as a network element, a mobility element, a radio access network (RAN) node, or network equipment, among other nomenclature. In some examples, network entities 105 and UEs 115 may wirelessly communicate via communication link (s) 125 (e.g., a radio frequency (RF) access link) . For example, a network entity 105 may support a coverage area 110 (e.g., a geographic coverage area) over which the UEs 115 and the network entity 105 may establish the communication link (s) 125. The coverage area 110 may be an example of a geographic area over which a network entity 105 and a UE 115 may support the communication of signals according to one or more radio access technologies (RATs) .
[0036] The UEs 115 may be dispersed throughout a coverage area 110 of the wireless communications system 100, and each UE 115 may be stationary, or mobile, or both at different times. The UEs 115 may be devices in different forms or having different capabilities. Some example UEs 115 are illustrated in FIG. 1. The UEs 115 described herein may be capable of supporting communications with various types of devices in the wireless communications system 100 (e.g., other wireless communication devices, including UEs 115 or network entities 105) , as shown in FIG. 1.
[0037] As described herein, a node of the wireless communications system 100, which may be referred to as a network node, or a wireless node, may be a network entity 105 (e.g., any network entity described herein) , a UE 115 (e.g., any UE described herein) , a network controller, an apparatus, a device, a computing system, one or more components, or another suitable processing entity configured to perform any of the techniques described herein. For example, a node may be a UE 115. As another example, a node may be a network entity 105. As another example, a first node may be configured to communicate with a second node or a third node. In one aspect of this example, the first node may be a UE 115, the second node may be a network entity 105, and the third node may be a UE 115. In another aspect of this example, the first node may be a UE 115, the second node may be a network entity 105, and the third node may be a network entity 105. In yet other aspects of this example, the first, second, and third nodes may be different relative to these examples. Similarly, reference to a UE 115, network entity 105, apparatus, device, computing system, or the like may include disclosure of the UE 115, network entity 105, apparatus, device, computing system, or the like being a node. For example, disclosure that a UE 115 is configured to receive information from a network entity 105 also discloses that a first node is configured to receive information from a second node.
[0038] In some examples, network entities 105 may communicate with a core network 130, or with one another, or both. For example, network entities 105 may communicate with the core network 130 via backhaul communication link (s) 120 (e.g., in accordance with an S1, N2, N3, or other interface protocol) . In some examples, network entities 105 may communicate with one another via backhaul communication link (s) 120 (e.g., in accordance with an X2, Xn, or other interface protocol) either directly (e.g., directly between network entities 105) or indirectly (e.g., via the core network 130) . In some examples, network entities 105 may communicate with one another via a midhaul communication link 162 (e.g., in accordance with a midhaul interface protocol) or a fronthaul communication link 168 (e.g., in accordance with a fronthaul interface protocol) , or any combination thereof. The backhaul communication link (s) 120, midhaul communication links 162, or fronthaul communication links 168 may be or include one or more wired links (e.g., an electrical link, an optical fiber link) or one or more wireless links (e.g., a radio link, a wireless optical link) , among other examples or various combinations thereof. A UE 115 may communicate with the core network 130 via a communication link 155.
[0039] One or more of the network entities 105 or network equipment described herein may include or may be referred to as a base station 140 (e.g., a base transceiver station, a radio base station, an NR base station, an access point, a radio transceiver, a NodeB, an eNodeB (eNB) , a next-generation NodeB or giga-NodeB (either of which may be referred to as a gNB) , a 5G NB, a next-generation eNB (ng-eNB) , a Home NodeB, a Home eNodeB, or other suitable terminology) . In some examples, a network entity 105 (e.g., a base station 140) may be implemented in an aggregated (e.g., monolithic, standalone) base station architecture, which may be configured to utilize a protocol stack that is physically or logically integrated within one network entity (e.g., a network entity 105 or a single RAN node, such as a base station 140) .
[0040] In some examples, a network entity 105 may be implemented in a disaggregated architecture (e.g., a disaggregated base station architecture, a disaggregated RAN architecture) , which may be configured to utilize a protocol stack that is physically or logically distributed among multiple network entities (e.g., network entities 105) , such as an integrated access and backhaul (IAB) network, an open RAN (O-RAN) (e.g., a network configuration sponsored by the O-RAN Alliance) , or a virtualized RAN (vRAN) (e.g., a cloud RAN (C-RAN) ) . For example, a network entity 105 may include one or more of a central unit (CU) , such as a CU 160, a distributed unit (DU) , such as a DU 165, a radio unit (RU) , such as an RU 170, a RAN Intelligent Controller (RIC) , such as an RIC 175 (e.g., a Near-Real Time RIC (Near-RT RIC) , a Non-Real Time RIC (Non-RT RIC) ) , a Service Management and Orchestration (SMO) system, such as an SMO system 180, or any combination thereof. An RU 170 may also be referred to as a radio head, a smart radio head, a remote radio head (RRH) , a remote radio unit (RRU) , or a transmission reception point (TRP) . One or more components of the network entities 105 in a disaggregated RAN architecture may be co-located, or one or more components of the network entities 105 may be located in distributed locations (e.g., separate physical locations) . In some examples, one or more of the network entities 105 of a disaggregated RAN architecture may be implemented as virtual units (e.g., a virtual CU (VCU) , a virtual DU (VDU) , a virtual RU (VRU) ) .
[0041] The split of functionality between a CU 160, a DU 165, and an RU 170 is flexible and may support different functionalities depending on which functions (e.g., network layer functions, protocol layer functions, baseband functions, RF functions, or any combinations thereof) are performed at a CU 160, a DU 165, or an RU 170. For example, a functional split of a protocol stack may be employed between a CU 160 and a DU 165 such that the CU 160 may support one or more layers of the protocol stack and the DU 165 may support one or more different layers of the protocol stack. In some examples, the CU 160 may host upper protocol layer (e.g., layer 3 (L3) , layer 2 (L2) ) functionality and signaling (e.g., Radio Resource Control (RRC) , service data adaptation protocol (SDAP) , Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) ) . The CU 160 (e.g., one or more CUs) may be connected to a DU 165 (e.g., one or more DUs) or an RU 170 (e.g., one or more RUs) , or some combination thereof, and the DUs 165, RUs 170, or both may host lower protocol layers, such as layer 1 (L1) (e.g., physical (PHY) layer) or L2 (e.g., radio link control (RLC) layer, medium access control (MAC) layer) functionality and signaling, and may each be at least partially controlled by the CU 160. Additionally, or alternatively, a functional split of the protocol stack may be employed between a DU 165 and an RU 170 such that the DU 165 may support one or more layers of the protocol stack and the RU 170 may support one or more different layers of the protocol stack. The DU 165 may support one or multiple different cells (e.g., via one or multiple different RUs, such as an RU 170) . In some cases, a functional split between a CU 160 and a DU 165 or between a DU 165 and an RU 170 may be within a protocol layer (e.g., some functions for a protocol layer may be performed by one of a CU 160, a DU 165, or an RU 170, while other functions of the protocol layer are performed by a different one of the CU 160, the DU 165, or the RU 170) . A CU 160 may be functionally split further into CU control plane (CU-CP) and CU user plane (CU-UP) functions. A CU 160 may be connected to a DU 165 via a midhaul communication link 162 (e.g., F1, F1-c, F1-u) , and a DU 165 may be connected to an RU 170 via a fronthaul communication link 168 (e.g., open fronthaul (FH) interface) . In some examples, a midhaul communication link 162 or a fronthaul communication link 168 may be implemented in accordance with an interface (e.g., a channel) between layers of a protocol stack supported by respective network entities (e.g., one or more of the network entities 105) that are in communication via such communication links.
[0042] In some wireless communications systems (e.g., the wireless communications system 100) , infrastructure and spectral resources for radio access may support wireless backhaul link capabilities to supplement wired backhaul connections, providing an IAB network architecture (e.g., to a core network 130) . In some cases, in an IAB network, one or more of the network entities 105 (e.g., network entities 105 or IAB node (s) 104) may be partially controlled by each other. The IAB node (s) 104 may be referred to as a donor entity or an IAB donor. A DU 165 or an RU 170 may be partially controlled by a CU 160 associated with a network entity 105 or base station 140 (such as a donor network entity or a donor base station) . The one or more donor entities (e.g., IAB donors) may be in communication with one or more additional devices (e.g., IAB node (s) 104) via supported access and backhaul links (e.g., backhaul communication link (s) 120) . IAB node (s) 104 may include an IAB mobile termination (IAB-MT) controlled (e.g., scheduled) by one or more DUs (e.g., DUs 165) of a coupled IAB donor. An IAB-MT may be equipped with an independent set of antennas for relay of communications with UEs 115 or may share the same antennas (e.g., of an RU 170) of IAB node (s) 104 used for access via the DU 165 of the IAB node (s) 104 (e.g., referred to as virtual IAB-MT (vIAB-MT) ) . In some examples, the IAB node (s) 104 may include one or more DUs (e.g., DUs 165) that support communication links with additional entities (e.g., IAB node (s) 104, UEs 115) within the relay chain or configuration of the access network (e.g., downstream) . In such cases, one or more components of the disaggregated RAN architecture (e.g., the IAB node (s) 104 or components of the IAB node (s) 104) may be configured to operate according to the techniques described herein.
[0043] In the case of the techniques described herein applied in the context of a disaggregated RAN architecture, one or more components of the disaggregated RAN architecture may be configured to support beamforming for forward link with visual and sensing localization information as described herein. For example, some operations described as being performed by a UE 115 or a network entity 105 (e.g., a base station 140) may additionally, or alternatively, be performed by one or more components of the disaggregated RAN architecture (e.g., components such as an IAB node, a DU 165, a CU 160, an RU 170, an RIC 175, an SMO system 180) .
[0044] A UE 115 may include or may be referred to as a mobile device, a wireless device, a remote device, a handheld device, or a subscriber device, or some other suitable terminology, where the “device” may also be referred to as a unit, a station, a terminal, or a client, among other examples. A UE 115 may also include or may be referred to as a personal electronic device such as a cellular phone, a personal digital assistant (PDA) , a tablet computer, a laptop computer, or a personal computer. In some examples, a UE 115 may include or be referred to as a wireless local loop (WLL) station, an Internet of Things (IoT) device, an Internet of Everything (IoE) device, or a machine type communications (MTC) device, among other examples, which may be implemented in various objects such as appliances, vehicles, or meters, among other examples.
[0045] The UEs 115 described herein may be able to communicate with various types of devices, such as UEs 115 that may sometimes operate as relays, as well as the network entities 105 and the network equipment including macro eNBs or gNBs, small cell eNBs or gNBs, or relay base stations, among other examples, as shown in FIG. 1.
[0046] The UEs 115 and the network entities 105 may wirelessly communicate with one another via the communication link (s) 125 (e.g., one or more access links) using resources associated with one or more carriers. The term “carrier” may refer to a set of RF spectrum resources having a defined PHY layer structure for supporting the communication link (s) 125. For example, a carrier used for the communication link (s) 125 may include a portion of an RF spectrum band (e.g., a bandwidth part (BWP) ) that is operated according to one or more PHY layer channels for a given RAT (e.g., LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, NR) . Each PHY layer channel may carry acquisition signaling (e.g., synchronization signals, system information) , control signaling that coordinates operation for the carrier, user data, or other signaling. The wireless communications system 100 may support communication with a UE 115 using carrier aggregation or multi-carrier operation. A UE 115 may be configured with multiple downlink component carriers and one or more uplink component carriers according to a carrier aggregation configuration. Carrier aggregation may be used with both frequency division duplexing (FDD) and time division duplexing (TDD) component carriers. Communication between a network entity 105 and other devices may refer to communication between the devices and any portion (e.g., entity, sub-entity) of a network entity 105. For example, the terms “transmitting, ” “receiving, ” or “communicating, ” when referring to a network entity 105, may refer to any portion of a network entity 105 (e.g., a base station 140, a CU 160, a DU 165, a RU 170) of a RAN communicating with another device (e.g., directly or via one or more other network entities, such as one or more of the network entities 105) .
[0047] Signal waveforms transmitted via a carrier may be made up of multiple subcarriers (e.g., using multi-carrier modulation (MCM) techniques such as orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) or discrete Fourier transform spread OFDM (DFT-S-OFDM) ) . In a system employing MCM techniques, a resource element may refer to resources of one symbol period (e.g., a duration of one modulation symbol) and one subcarrier, in which case the symbol period and subcarrier spacing may be inversely related. The quantity of bits carried by each resource element may depend on the modulation scheme (e.g., the order of the modulation scheme, the coding rate of the modulation scheme, or both) , such that a relatively higher quantity of resource elements (e.g., in a transmission duration) and a relatively higher order of a modulation scheme may correspond to a relatively higher rate of communication. A wireless communications resource may refer to a combination of an RF spectrum resource, a time resource, and a spatial resource (e.g., a spatial layer, a beam) , and the use of multiple spatial resources may increase the data rate or data integrity for communications with a UE 115.
[0048] The time intervals for the network entities 105 or the UEs 115 may be expressed in multiples of a basic time unit which may, for example, refer to a sampling period of TS=1 / (Δfmax·Nf) seconds, for which Δfmax may represent a supported subcarrier spacing, and Nf may represent a supported discrete Fourier transform (DFT) size. Time intervals of a communications resource may be organized according to radio frames each having a specified duration (e.g., 10 milliseconds (ms) ) . Each radio frame may be identified by a system frame number (SFN) (e.g., ranging from 0 to 1023) .
[0049] Each frame may include multiple consecutively-numbered subframes or slots, and each subframe or slot may have the same duration. In some examples, a frame may be divided (e.g., in the time domain) into subframes, and each subframe may be further divided into a quantity of slots. Alternatively, each frame may include a variable quantity of slots, and the quantity of slots may depend on subcarrier spacing. Each slot may include a quantity of symbol periods (e.g., depending on the length of the cyclic prefix prepended to each symbol period) . In some wireless communications systems, such as the wireless communications system 100, a slot may further be divided into multiple mini-slots associated with one or more symbols. Excluding the cyclic prefix, each symbol period may be associated with one or more (e.g., Nf) sampling periods. The duration of a symbol period may depend on the subcarrier spacing or frequency band of operation.
[0050] A subframe, a slot, a mini-slot, or a symbol may be the smallest scheduling unit (e.g., in the time domain) of the wireless communications system 100 and may be referred to as a transmission time interval (TTI) . In some examples, the TTI duration (e.g., a quantity of symbol periods in a TTI) may be variable. Additionally, or alternatively, the smallest scheduling unit of the wireless communications system 100 may be dynamically selected (e.g., in bursts of shortened TTIs (sTTIs) ) .
[0051] Physical channels may be multiplexed for communication using a carrier according to various techniques. A physical control channel and a physical data channel may be multiplexed for signaling via a downlink carrier, for example, using one or more of time division multiplexing (TDM) techniques, frequency division multiplexing (FDM) techniques, or hybrid TDM-FDM techniques. A control region (e.g., a control resource set (CORESET) ) for a physical control channel may be defined by a set of symbol periods and may extend across the system bandwidth or a subset of the system bandwidth of the carrier. One or more control regions (e.g., CORESETs) may be configured for a set of the UEs 115. For example, one or more of the UEs 115 may monitor or search control regions for control information according to one or more search space sets, and each search space set may include one or multiple control channel candidates in one or more aggregation levels arranged in a cascaded manner. An aggregation level for a control channel candidate may refer to an amount of control channel resources (e.g., control channel elements (CCEs) ) associated with encoded information for a control information format having a given payload size. Search space sets may include common search space sets configured for sending control information to UEs 115 (e.g., one or more UEs) or may include UE-specific search space sets for sending control information to a UE 115 (e.g., a specific UE) .
[0052] In some examples, a network entity 105 (e.g., a base station 140, an RU 170) may be movable and therefore provide communication coverage for a moving coverage area, such as the coverage area 110. In some examples, coverage areas 110 (e.g., different coverage areas) associated with different technologies may overlap, but the coverage areas 110 (e.g., different coverage areas) may be supported by the same network entity (e.g., a network entity 105) . In some other examples, overlapping coverage areas, such as a coverage area 110, associated with different technologies may be supported by different network entities (e.g., the network entities 105) . The wireless communications system 100 may include, for example, a heterogeneous network in which different types of the network entities 105 support communications for coverage areas 110 (e.g., different coverage areas) using the same or different RATs.
[0053] Some UEs 115, such as MTC or IoT devices, may be relatively low cost or low complexity devices and may provide for automated communication between machines (e.g., via Machine-to-Machine (M2M) communication) . M2M communication or MTC may refer to data communication technologies that allow devices to communicate with one another or a network entity 105 (e.g., a base station 140) without human intervention. In some examples, M2M communication or MTC may include communications from devices that integrate sensors or meters to measure or capture information and relay such information to a central server or application program that uses the information or presents the information to humans interacting with the application program. Some UEs 115 may be designed to collect information or enable automated behavior of machines or other devices. Examples of applications for MTC devices include smart metering, inventory monitoring, water level monitoring, equipment monitoring, healthcare monitoring, wildlife monitoring, weather and geological event monitoring, fleet management and tracking, remote security sensing, physical access control, and transaction-based business charging.
[0054] The wireless communications system 100 may be configured to support ultra-reliable communications or low-latency communications, or various combinations thereof. For example, the wireless communications system 100 may be configured to support ultra-reliable low-latency communications (URLLC) . The UEs 115 may be designed to support ultra-reliable, low-latency, or critical functions. Ultra-reliable communications may include private communication or group communication and may be supported by one or more services such as push-to-talk, video, or data. Support for ultra-reliable, low-latency functions may include prioritization of services, and such services may be used for public safety or general commercial applications. The terms ultra-reliable, low-latency, and ultra-reliable low-latency may be used interchangeably herein.
[0055] In some examples, a UE 115 may be configured to support communicating directly with other UEs (e.g., one or more of the UEs 115) via a device-to-device (D2D) communication link, such as a D2D communication link 135 (e.g., in accordance with a peer-to-peer (P2P) , D2D, or sidelink protocol) . In some examples, one or more UEs 115 of a group that are performing D2D communications may be within the coverage area 110 of a network entity 105 (e.g., a base station 140, an RU 170) , which may support aspects of such D2D communications being configured by (e.g., scheduled by) the network entity 105. In some examples, one or more UEs 115 of such a group may be outside the coverage area 110 of a network entity 105 or may be otherwise unable to or not configured to receive transmissions from a network entity 105. In some examples, groups of the UEs 115 communicating via D2D communications may support a one-to-many (1: M) system in which each UE 115 transmits to one or more of the UEs 115 in the group. In some examples, a network entity 105 may facilitate the scheduling of resources for D2D communications. In some other examples, D2D communications may be carried out between the UEs 115 without an involvement of a network entity 105.
[0056] The core network 130 may provide user authentication, access authorization, tracking, Internet Protocol (IP) connectivity, and other access, routing, or mobility functions. The core network 130 may be an evolved packet core (EPC) or 5G core (5GC) , which may include at least one control plane entity that manages access and mobility (e.g., a mobility management entity (MME) , an access and mobility management function (AMF) ) and at least one user plane entity that routes packets or interconnects to external networks (e.g., a serving gateway (S-GW) , a Packet Data Network (PDN) gateway (P-GW) , or a user plane function (UPF) ) . The control plane entity may manage non-access stratum (NAS) functions such as mobility, authentication, and bearer management for the UEs 115 served by the network entities 105 (e.g., base stations 140) associated with the core network 130. User IP packets may be transferred through the user plane entity, which may provide IP address allocation as well as other functions. The user plane entity may be connected to IP services 150 for one or more network operators. The IP services 150 may include access to the Internet, Intranet (s) , an IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) , or a Packet-Switched Streaming Service.
[0057] The wireless communications system 100 may operate using one or more frequency bands, which may be in the range of 300 megahertz (MHz) to 300 gigahertz (GHz) . Generally, the region from 300 MHz to 3 GHz is known as the ultra-high frequency (UHF) region or decimeter band because the wavelengths range from approximately one decimeter to one meter in length. UHF waves may be blocked or redirected by buildings and environmental features, which may be referred to as clusters, but the waves may penetrate structures sufficiently for a macro cell to provide service to the UEs 115 located indoors. Communications using UHF waves may be associated with smaller antennas and shorter ranges (e.g., less than one hundred kilometers) compared to communications using the smaller frequencies and longer waves of the high frequency (HF) or very high frequency (VHF) portion of the spectrum below 300 MHz.
[0058] The wireless communications system 100 may utilize both licensed and unlicensed RF spectrum bands. For example, the wireless communications system 100 may employ License Assisted Access (LAA) , LTE-Unlicensed (LTE-U) RAT, or NR technology using an unlicensed band such as the 5 GHz industrial, scientific, and medical (ISM) band. While operating using unlicensed RF spectrum bands, devices such as the network entities 105 and the UEs 115 may employ carrier sensing for collision detection and avoidance. In some examples, operations using unlicensed bands may be based on a carrier aggregation configuration in conjunction with component carriers operating using a licensed band (e.g., LAA) . Operations using unlicensed spectrum may include downlink transmissions, uplink transmissions, P2P transmissions, or D2D transmissions, among other examples.
[0059] A network entity 105 (e.g., a base station 140, an RU 170) or a UE 115 may be equipped with multiple antennas, which may be used to employ techniques such as transmit diversity, receive diversity, multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) communications, or beamforming. The antennas of a network entity 105 or a UE 115 may be located within one or more antenna arrays or antenna panels, which may support MIMO operations or transmit or receive beamforming. For example, one or more base station antennas or antenna arrays may be co-located at an antenna assembly, such as an antenna tower. In some examples, antennas or antenna arrays associated with a network entity 105 may be located at diverse geographic locations. A network entity 105 may include an antenna array with a set of rows and columns of antenna ports that the network entity 105 may use to support beamforming of communications with a UE 115. Likewise, a UE 115 may include one or more antenna arrays that may support various MIMO or beamforming operations. Additionally, or alternatively, an antenna panel may support RF beamforming for a signal transmitted via an antenna port.
[0060] Beamforming, which may also be referred to as spatial filtering, directional transmission, or directional reception, is a signal processing technique that may be used at a transmitting device or a receiving device (e.g., a network entity 105, a UE 115) to shape or steer an antenna beam (e.g., a transmit beam, a receive beam) along a spatial path between the transmitting device and the receiving device. Beamforming may be achieved by combining the signals communicated via antenna elements of an antenna array such that some signals propagating along particular orientations with respect to an antenna array experience constructive interference while others experience destructive interference. The adjustment of signals communicated via the antenna elements may include a transmitting device or a receiving device applying amplitude offsets, phase offsets, or both to signals carried via the antenna elements associated with the device. The adjustments associated with each of the antenna elements may be defined by a beamforming weight set associated with a particular orientation (e.g., with respect to the antenna array of the transmitting device or receiving device, or with respect to some other orientation) .
[0061] A network entity 105 or a UE 115 may use beam sweeping techniques as part of beamforming operations. For example, a network entity 105 (e.g., a base station 140, an RU 170) may use multiple antennas or antenna arrays (e.g., antenna panels) to conduct beamforming operations for directional communications with a UE 115. Some signals (e.g., synchronization signals, reference signals, beam selection signals, or other control signals) may be transmitted by a network entity 105 multiple times along different directions. For example, the network entity 105 may transmit a signal according to different beamforming weight sets associated with different directions of transmission. Transmissions along different beam directions may be used to identify (e.g., by a transmitting device, such as a network entity 105, or by a receiving device, such as a UE 115) a beam direction for later transmission or reception by the network entity 105.
[0062] Some signals, such as data signals associated with a particular receiving device, may be transmitted by a transmitting device (e.g., a network entity 105 or a UE 115) along a single beam direction (e.g., a direction associated with the receiving device, such as another network entity 105 or UE 115) . In some examples, the beam direction associated with transmissions along a single beam direction may be determined based on a signal that was transmitted along one or more beam directions. For example, a UE 115 may receive one or more of the signals transmitted by the network entity 105 along different directions and may report to the network entity 105 an indication of the signal that the UE 115 received with a highest signal quality or an otherwise acceptable signal quality.
[0063] In some examples, transmissions by a device (e.g., by a network entity 105 or a UE 115) may be performed using multiple beam directions, and the device may use a combination of digital precoding or beamforming to generate a combined beam for transmission (e.g., from a network entity 105 to a UE 115) . The UE 115 may report feedback that indicates precoding weights for one or more beam directions, and the feedback may correspond to a configured set of beams across a system bandwidth or one or more sub-bands. The network entity 105 may transmit a reference signal (e.g., a cell-specific reference signal (CRS) , a channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS) ) , which may be precoded or unprecoded. The UE 115 may provide feedback for beam selection, which may be a precoding matrix indicator (PMI) or codebook-based feedback (e.g., a multi-panel type codebook, a linear combination type codebook, a port selection type codebook) . Although these techniques are described with reference to signals transmitted along one or more directions by a network entity 105 (e.g., a base station 140, an RU 170) , a UE 115 may employ similar techniques for transmitting signals multiple times along different directions (e.g., for identifying a beam direction for subsequent transmission or reception by the UE 115) or for transmitting a signal along a single direction (e.g., for transmitting data to a receiving device) .
[0064] A receiving device (e.g., a UE 115) may perform reception operations in accordance with multiple receive configurations (e.g., directional listening) when receiving various signals from a transmitting device (e.g., a network entity 105) , such as synchronization signals, reference signals, beam selection signals, or other control signals. For example, a receiving device may perform reception in accordance with multiple receive directions by receiving via different antenna subarrays, by processing received signals according to different antenna subarrays, by receiving according to different receive beamforming weight sets (e.g., different directional listening weight sets) applied to signals received at multiple antenna elements of an antenna array, or by processing received signals according to different receive beamforming weight sets applied to signals received at multiple antenna elements of an antenna array, any of which may be referred to as “listening” according to different receive configurations or receive directions. In some examples, a receiving device may use a single receive configuration to receive along a single beam direction (e.g., when receiving a data signal) . The single receive configuration may be aligned along a beam direction determined based on listening according to different receive configuration directions (e.g., a beam direction determined to have a highest signal strength, highest signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) , or otherwise acceptable signal quality based on listening according to multiple beam directions) .
[0065] In some wireless communications systems, a wireless device may model an inventory to read a particular quantity of tags or sensors (e.g., IoT devices) . For example, a reader (e.g., a UE or a network entity) in an automobile factory may read around 100 tags per sensor. In some systems, there may be a relatively large quantity of readers (e.g., around 1300) deployed to cover a relatively large area (e.g., around 600,000 square meters) . This may result in a relatively large quantity of tags (e.g., around 800,000 tags total in such an example) . A reader may perform inventory rounds periodically, on-demand, or both (e.g., in a retail set-up, a reader may inventory goods every 15 minutes, or when initiated on-demand) . Additionally, or alternatively, a reader device may have particular latency requirements to satisfy in completing an inventory round (e.g., in automated warehouse procedures, a latency requirement may specify a duration, in seconds) . An inventory round may refer to a procedure in which a reader device takes inventory of a set of a space using tags, sensors, or both, within the space.
[0066] In ambient-IoT (A-IoT) communications, a carrier frequency may be relatively low (e.g., 900 MHz) or relatively high (e.g., 2 GHz) . A reader may transmit signals with a particular reader to device (R2D) power (e.g., 38 dBm) . In some wireless communications systems, there may be many devices (e.g., referring to IoT devices such as A-IoT devices) and readers (e.g., UEs or network entities) located in a single space (e.g., in one warehouse) resulting in relatively severe interference between readers and devices. For R2D transmission, a relatively large distance between a reader and a device may lead to failure to receive forward link signaling at the device. In some cases, the reader may transmit such forward link signaling in an omnidirectional mode. Further, an IoT device may have a relatively low receiving sensitivity (e.g., due to relatively simple structure of IoT devices) , resulting in relatively low communication reliability at the IoT device. This issue may worsen for relatively high carrier frequencies. In some wireless communications systems, forward link signaling may be more important than backward link signaling (e.g., backscatter signaling originating at the IoT device) because forward link signaling may include a synchronization signal for synchronizing time and frequency and a control signal (e.g., scheduling information for the IoT device) .
[0067] Accordingly, techniques described herein may mitigate interference between readers and IoT devices (e.g., cross link interference between readers and IoT devices) experienced in wireless communications systems. Further, techniques described herein may increase a probability that an IoT device correctly receives a forward link signal (e.g., even if a distance between the IoT device and a reader is large) . Additionally, or alternatively, the techniques described herein may support an IoT device to maintain synchronization (e.g., with a reader device) , time and frequency calibration, thereby improving information acquisition at the IoT device.
[0068] The wireless communications system 100 may support beamforming-based forward link signal transmission, resulting in the advantages described herein. Such techniques may allow a reader device to concentrate transmission power in a narrow scope for a target device in forward link. This may reduce interference observed by other readers or devices within a scope of the reader device. For example, the reader device may limit transmission power to a single direction (e.g., scope) , toward the target device, resulting in the reduced interference.
[0069] However, some mechanisms for beamforming may not be suitable for an A-IoT device signaling scenario. For example, a relatively complex codebook may not be reasonable for A-IoT devices. In some cases, A-IoT devices may support only analog beams. Some devices may be unable to transmit reference signals (e.g., sounding reference signal (SRS) ) . Thus, a reader in some cases may be unable to form a beam without regard for a codebook.
[0070] The wireless communications system 100 may support localization-based beams, which may address such problems without additional computation requirements for an IoT device (e.g., since power saving is important at an IoT device) . In some implementations, sensors, detectors, cameras, etc. within the wireless communications system 100 may capture localization information (e.g., coordinates, relative distances or directions between objects, angels of arrival, signaling information, and so on) of a device using indoor mapping, visual schemes, sensing, or any combination thereof. In some cases, a network entity or a UE (e.g., a reader) may use the localization of the device to form a beam for forward link signaling for the device.
[0071] As described herein, the wireless communications system 100 may support a first wireless device (e.g., a UE 115 or a network entity 105) to switch from an omnidirectional mode to a beam-based mode to improve transmission of a forward link signal to one or more second wireless devices (e.g., IoT devices) . The first wireless device may be a reader device (e.g., either a UE 115 or a network entity 105) . The first wireless device may receive localization information associated with the one or more second wireless devices. The localization information may indicate a respective set of coordinates corresponding to each second wireless device of the one or more second wireless devices. In some cases, the first wireless device may receive the localization information via an LCU. In some examples, the first wireless device may receive sensing information from one or more detector units and may calculate the localization information based on the sensing information. Then, the first wireless device may transmit forward link signaling to a second wireless device of the one or more second wireless devices. The first wireless device may transmit the forward link signaling via a beam that is based on a first set of coordinates that corresponds to the second wireless device (e.g., indicating a location of the second wireless device) .
[0072] FIG. 2A shows an example of a wireless communications system 200 that supports beamforming for forward link with visual and sensing localization information in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. In some cases, the wireless communications system 200 may implement or be implemented by aspects of the wireless communications system 100. For example, the wireless communications system 200 may include one or more UEs 115 (e.g., a UE 115-a) and one or more network entities 105 (e.g., a network entity 105-a) , which may be examples of the corresponding devices as described herein. The wireless communications system 200 may further include a device 240-a, which may be an example of an IoT device (e.g., an A-IoT device) . As described herein, the device 240-a may refer to one or more devices 240 (e.g., one or more A-IoT devices) . The wireless communications system 200 may also include an LCU 205.
[0073] In some implementations, the LCU 205 may collect sensing information (e.g., spatial graphing information) from a set of detectors 210 (e.g., a detector 210-a and a detector 210-b) . The set of detectors 210 may include one or more cameras, sensors, motion sensors, device detectors, readers, or the like (e.g., fixed in a warehouse) . The sensing information from the detectors may indicate location information, such as a location (e.g., a localization) of the device 240-a. That is, the detectors 210 may determine information about the location of the device 240-a (e.g., relative to the detectors 210) . The LCU 205 may use the information collected by the detectors 210 to calculate localization information 220-a, which may define the location of the device 240-a. In some cases, the LCU 205 may transmit one or more signals to the network entity 105-a via a connection 215 (e.g., a wired connection or a wireless connection) . For example, the LCU 205 may transmit (e.g., periodically or on demand) the localization information 220-a to the network entity 105-a via the connection 215, in response to calculating the localization information 220-a.
[0074] In some implementations, the network entity 105-a may communicate with the device 240-a via a wireless communication link 230-a. For example, the network entity 105-a may form a beam for communications directed toward the device 240-a via the wireless communication link 230-a based on the localization information 220-a. That is, the network entity 105-a may begin to transmit a beam in a direction defined by (e.g., based on) the localization information 220-a (e.g., in a direction toward the device 240-a) . For example, the network entity 105-a may generate the beam for the device 240-a based on a ready-made localization (generated by the LCU 205) . Accordingly, the network entity 105-a may transmit forward link signaling 235-a to the device 240-a. The forward link signaling 235-a may include control signaling, synchronization signaling, or both, as described herein.
[0075] In some implementations, the network entity 105-a may communicate with the UE 115-a via a wireless communication link 225-a (e.g., a downlink channel) . For example, the network entity 105-a may transmit localization information 220-b to the UE 115-a via the wireless communication link 225-a. In some examples, the network entity 105-a may transmit the localization information 220-b via RRC signaling, medium access control-control element (MAC-CE) signaling, downlink control information (DCI) signaling, or any combination thereof. In some cases, the network entity 105-a may generate the localization information 220-b based on the localization information 220-a. In some examples, the network entity 105-a may forward the received localization information 220-a to the UE 115-a. The localization information 220-b may define a location of the device 240-a relative to a device (e.g., the detectors 210, the network entity 105-a, or the UE 115-a) . For example, the localization information 220-b and the localization information 220-a may be same localization information. In some cases, the UE 115-a may request the localization information 220-b via uplink control information (UCI) signaling, MAC-CE signaling, or both. In such cases, the network entity 105-a may transmit the localization information 220-b in response to the request.
[0076] Having received the localization information 220-b, the UE 115-a may communicate with the device 240-a via a wireless communication link 230-b. For example, the UE 115-a may form a beam for the wireless communication link 230-b based on the localization information 220-b. That is, the UE 115-a may begin to transmit a beam in a direction defined by (e.g., based on) the localization information 220-b (e.g., in a direction toward the device 240-a) . Accordingly, the UE 115-a may transmit forward link signaling 235-b to the device 240-a via the beam. The forward link signaling 235-b may include control signaling, synchronization signaling, or both, as described herein. Thus, in some cases, the UE 115-a may act as a relay node between the network entity 105-a and the device 240-a.
[0077] In some implementations, the localization information 220-a may include a relative localization coordinate (RLC) corresponding to the device 240-a. The RLC may be defined for a space (e.g., a specific warehouse) . For example, the localization information 220-a may be represented as a set of coordinate indicators (e.g., (x, y, z) ) . In some cases, the LCU 205 may form (e.g., generate) the RLC using techniques such as simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) . In some examples, the LCU 205 may calculate the set of coordinate indicators (e.g., (x, y, z) ) of the device 240-a based on sensing information or graphing information corresponding to the RLC. For example, sensors or cameras may be fixed in the warehouse. Localization of the sensors or cameras may be known to the LCU 205, and thus the detectors 210 and the LCU 205 may capture graphing or sensing information using signals from the device 240-a (e.g., backscatter signals) . In such cases, the network entity 105-a may receive the RLC, including the set of coordinate indicators, from the LCU. Thus, the network entity 105-a may generate a beam for forward link transmission for the device 240-a using the set of coordinate indicators (e.g., a feedback coordinate) .
[0078] In some implementations, in an initial transmission sequence between a reader device (e.g., the network entity 105-a or the UE 115-a) and the device 240-a (e.g., an initial forward link or backward link transmission) , the reader device and the device 240-a may perform omnidirectional transmission (e.g., since the reader may lack basic information about the device) . After the reader obtains basic information (e.g., localization information) for the device 240-a, the reader may switch (e.g., convert) to beam-based FL transmission (e.g., forming directional beams to the device 240-a) . In some cases, the network entity 105-a may transmit an indication to the UE 115-a triggering the switch to beam-based forward link transmission (e.g., if the UE 115-a works as the reader) . In some examples, the UE 115-a may transmit a request to the network entity 105-a first. In response, the network entity 105-a may determine whether the UE 115-a is capable of transmitting a beam-based forward link signal. For example, the network entity 105-a may transmit the indication to the UE 115-a triggering the switch if the device 240-a is at a location within a line-of-sight of the UE 115-a (e.g., triggering the switch based on the localization information of the device 240-a) . In some cases, the LCU 205 may maintain an RLC corresponding to the device 240-a for a duration (e.g., in response to the device 240-a entering a configured space such as a warehouse) . In some examples, the network entity 105-a may request the set of detectors 210 to capture information for a location of the device 240-a. Then, the network entity 105-a may calculate a localization for the device 240-a as described with reference to FIG. 2B. Finally, the network entity 105-a may indicate the localization for the device 240-a to the UE 115-a.
[0079] In some implementations, the network entity 105-a, the UE 115-a, the LCU 205, or any combination thereof, may use a table to maintain a device identifier for the device 240-a and a coordinate corresponding to the device 240-a (and one or more other devices 240) . For example, the LCU 205 may maintain the table for a particular space (e.g., a warehouse) . In some cases, the table may include a list of device identifiers and a set of respective localizations (e.g., coordinates) for each device identifier (e.g., for each device 240) . The LCU 205 may update the table periodically. In some cases, the network entity 105-a may configure the table for the UE 115-a. That is, the UE 115-a may receive an indication of a configuration for the table (e.g., via RRC) . Then, the UE 115-a may maintain the table, storing it in one or more internal memories. For example, the UE 115-a may receive, from the network entity 105-a, updates for table via MAC-CE signaling or DCI signaling. Thus, the network entity 105-a may indicate, to the UE 115-a via MAC-CE signaling or DCI signaling, a device identifier for each device 240 of a set of devices 240 and a corresponding localization for each device 240 (e.g., or for groups of devices 240) . Thus, the UE 115-a may determine a localization of the device 240-a by reading (e.g., checking) the table. Table 1 illustrates an example of such a table, which may be managed by the LCU 205, the network entity 105-a, or the UE 115-a, or any combination thereof. As shown, the table may include a list of device identifiers, each corresponding to a respective device 240. The table may further include a respective coordinate corresponding to each respective device 240. That is, the table may include a list of corresponding pairs, where each corresponding pair includes a device identifier and a coordinate for each device 240 of a set of devices 240.
[0080] Table 1
[0081] FIG. 2B shows an example of a wireless communications system 201 that supports beamforming for forward link with visual and sensing localization information in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. In some cases, the wireless communications system 201 may implement or be implemented by aspects of the wireless communications system 100. For example, the wireless communications system 201 may include one or more UEs 115 (e.g., a UE 115-b) and one or more network entities 105 (e.g., a network entity 105-b) , which may be examples of the corresponding devices as described herein. The wireless communications system 201 may further include a device 240-b, which may be an example of an IoT device (e.g., an A-IoT device) .
[0082] In some implementations, the network entity 105-b may collect (e.g., periodically or on demand) sensing information 250 (e.g., feedback, spatial graphing information, or raw sensing information) from a set of detectors 210 (e.g., a detector 210-c and a detector 210-d) via a connection 245 (e.g., a wired connection or a wireless connection) . The set of detectors 210 may include one or more cameras, sensors, motion sensors, device detectors, readers, or the like (e.g., fixed in a warehouse) . The sensing information 250 from the detectors may indicate location information, such as a location (e.g., a localization) of the device 240-b. That is, the detectors 210 may determine information about the location of the device 240-a (e.g., relative to the detectors 210) . For example, the detectors 210 may capture a localization of the device 240-b using visualization techniques or backward link (e.g., backscatter) signal sensing (e.g., detecting one or more signals from the device 240-b) . The network entity 105-b may use the sensing information 250 (e.g., the raw sensing information) collected by the detectors 210 to calculate localization information 220-c, which may define the location of the device 240-a.
[0083] In some cases, the wireless communications system 201 may implement aspects of the wireless communications system 200. For example, the network entity 105-b may generate and use an RLC for determining a location of the device 240-b within a space (e.g., the localization information 220-c) . In some examples, the network entity 105-b may calculate the localization information 220-c by using integrated information. The integrated information may include indications of relative angles to detectors 210 (e.g., cameras) , a reference signal received power (RSRP) captured by the detectors 210 (e.g., sensors) , a received signal strength indicator (RSSI) captured by the detectors 210 (e.g., sensors) , or both. Additionally, or alternatively, the network entity 105-b may compute or predict a location of the device 240-a. Then, the network entity 105-b may generate a beam for forward link transmission for the device 240-a (e.g., a specific A-IoT device) .
[0084] In some implementations, the network entity 105-b may communicate with the device 240-b via a wireless communication link 230-c. For example, the network entity 105-b may form a beam communications directed toward the device 240-a via for the wireless communication link 230-c based on the localization information 220-c. That is, the network entity 105-a may begin to transmit a beam in a direction defined by (e.g., based on) the localization information 220-c (e.g., in a direction toward the device 240-b) . Accordingly, the network entity 105-b may transmit forward link signaling 235-c to the device 240-b. The forward link signaling 235-c may include control signaling, synchronization signaling, or both, as described herein.
[0085] In some implementations, the network entity 105-b may communicate with the UE 115-b via a wireless communication link 225-b (e.g., a downlink channel) . For example, the network entity 105-b may transmit the localization information 220-c to the UE 115-a via the wireless communication link 225-a. The localization information 220-c may define a location of the device 240-a relative to a device (e.g., the detectors 210, the network entity 105-b, or the UE 115-b) . In some examples, the network entity 105-b may forward the localization information 220-c to the UE 115-b.
[0086] Having received the localization information 220-c, the UE 115-b may communicate with the device 240-b via a wireless communication link 230-d. For example, the UE 115-b may form a beam for the wireless communication link 230-d based on the localization information 220-c. That is, the UE 115-b may begin to transmit a beam in a direction defined by (e.g., based on) the localization information 220-c (e.g., in a direction toward the device 240-b) . Accordingly, the UE 115-b may transmit forward link signaling 235-d to the device 240-b via the beam. The forward link signaling 235-d may include control signaling, synchronization signaling, or both, as described herein. Thus, in some cases, the UE 115-b may act as a relay node between the network entity 105-b and the device 240-b.
[0087] In some implementations, the network entity 105-a, the UE 115-a, the LCU 205, or any combination thereof, may use a table to maintain a device identifier for the device 240-a and a coordinate corresponding to the device 240-a (and one or more other devices 240) . For example, the network entity 105-b may maintain the table. The network entity 105-b may trigger the set of detectors 210 to provide feedback sensing information periodically. Accordingly, the network entity 105-b may update the table periodically. In some cases, the network entity 105-b may configure the table for the UE 115-b. That is, the UE 115-b may receive an indication of a configuration for the table (e.g., via RRC) . Then, the UE 115-b may maintain the table, storing it in one or more internal memories. For example, the UE 115-b may receive, from the network entity 105-b, updates for table via MAC-CE signaling or DCI signaling. Thus, the network entity 105-b may indicate, to the UE 115-a via MAC-CE signaling or DCI signaling, a device identifier for each device 240 of a set of devices 240 and a corresponding localization for each device 240 (e.g., or for groups of devices 240) . Thus, the UE 115-b may determine a localization of the device 240-b by reading (e.g., checking) the table.
[0088] FIG. 3 shows an example of a process flow 300 that supports beamforming for forward link with visual and sensing localization information in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The process flow 300 includes an LCU 305, a network entity 105-c, a UE 115-c, and a device 310, which may be examples of the corresponding devices as described with respect to FIGs. 1 and 2. For example, the device 310 may be an example of an A-IoT device. In the following description of the process flow 300, the operations between the LCU 305, the network entity 105-c, the UE 115-c, and the device 310 may be performed in a different order than the example order shown. Some operations may also be omitted from the process flow 300, and other operations may be added to the process flow 300. Further, although some operations or signaling may be shown to occur at different times for discussion purposes, these operations may actually occur at the same time.
[0089] At 315, the network entity 105-c may receive, from the LCU 305, localization information associated with one or more second wireless devices. In some examples, the UE 115-c may receive (e.g., from the LCU 305) the localization information associated with the one or more second wireless devices. The one or more second wireless devices may include the device 310. The localization information may indicate a respective set of coordinates corresponding to each second wireless device of the one or more second wireless devices. The localization information may be associated with one or more detector devices associated with the LCU 305. For example, the one or more detector devices may collect the localization information by locating a position of the one or more second wireless devices (e.g., a location of the device 310) .
[0090] In some implementations, the network entity 105-c may receive, from a set of one or more detector devices, a set of sensing information associated with the one or more second wireless devices. Accordingly, the network entity 105-c may calculate the localization information based on the set of sensing information. In some cases, the set of one or more detector devices may include one or more location-fixed sensors, one or more cameras, or a combination thereof.
[0091] At 320, the UE 115-c may transmit, to the network entity 105-c, uplink signaling that indicates a request to perform beam-based forward link transmission. At 325, the UE may receive, from the network entity 105-c, downlink signaling that indicates a trigger to switch from omnidirectional transmission to beam-based forward link transmission. In some cases, the network entity 105-c may transmit the downlink signaling based on (e.g., in response to) the request to perform beam-based forward link transmission.
[0092] At 330, the UE 115-c may transmit, to the network entity 105-c, uplink signaling that includes a request for the localization information. At 335, the UE 115-c may receive, from the network entity 105-c, downlink signaling that includes the localization information associated with the one or more second wireless devices (e.g., including the device 310) . In some examples, the network entity 105-c may transmit the downlink signaling in response to the request for the localization information (e.g., received at 330) . The localization information may indicate a respective set of coordinates corresponding to each second wireless device of the one or more second wireless devices. In some implementations, the network entity 105-c may transmit the localization information after (e.g., in response to) receiving the localization information from the LCU 305 (or after collecting the localization information from a set of detectors) . In some examples, the localization information may indicate that the UE 115-c is to transmit forward link signaling to at least a subset of the one or more second wireless devices (e.g., including the device 310) . In some examples (e.g., instead of receiving the localization information from the network entity 105-c or in response to the request at 330) , the UE 115-c may receive the localization information from the LCU 305 (e.g., at 315) , or from the one or more sensors.
[0093] At 340, the UE 115-c may receive signaling that includes a configuration for a localization table. The network entity 105-c may transmit the configuration for the localization table to the UE 115-c. The configuration may include one or more parameters for updating and storing the localization table, such as a periodicity for updating the table, a format for the table, a format for the sets of coordinates, or any combination thereof. In some examples, the UE 115-c may modify one or more entries of the localization table based on the configuration.
[0094] At 345-a, the network entity 105-c may maintain the localization table. The network entity 105-c may modify the one or more entries of the localization table (e.g., the table described with reference to FIG. 2A and Table 1) based on the localization information. The network entity 105-c may store the localization table in one or more memories. Additionally, or alternatively, at 345-b, the UE 115-c may maintain a localization table. The UE 115-c may modify one or more entries of the localization table (e.g., stored in one or more memories of the UE 115-c) based on the localization information. In any case, the localization table may include a set of entries. Each entry of the set of entries may include a device identifier of a respective second wireless device and a corresponding set of coordinates for each respective second wireless device.
[0095] At 350, the UE 115-c may transmit forward link signaling to a second wireless device of the one or more second wireless devices (e.g., the device 310, such as a tag) . The UE 115-c may transmit the forward link signaling via a beam according to the localization information. For example, UE 115-c may form the beam based on a first set of coordinates that corresponds to the second wireless device. In some cases, the UE 115-c may transmit the forward link signaling in response to (e.g., based on) the localization information. In some implementations, the UE 115-c may transmit the forward link signaling based on the downlink signaling that indicates the trigger (e.g., received at 325) .
[0096] At 355, the network entity 105-c may additionally, or alternatively, transmit forward link signaling to the second wireless device of the one or more second wireless devices (e.g., the device 310) . The network entity 105-c may transmit the forward link signaling via a beam according to the localization information. For example, network entity 105-c may form the beam based on a first set of coordinates that corresponds to the second wireless device.
[0097] FIG. 4 shows a block diagram 400 of a device 405 that supports beamforming for forward link with visual and sensing localization information in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The device 405 may be an example of aspects of a UE 115 or a network entity 105 as described herein. The device 405 may include a receiver 410, a transmitter 415, and a communications manager 420. The device 405, or one or more components of the device 405 (e.g., the receiver 410, the transmitter 415, the communications manager 420) , may include at least one processor, which may be coupled with at least one memory, to, individually or collectively, support or enable the described techniques. Each of these components may be in communication with one another (e.g., via one or more buses) .
[0098] The receiver 410 may provide a means for receiving information such as packets, user data, control information, or any combination thereof associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, information channels related to beamforming for forward link with visual and sensing localization information) . Information may be passed on to other components of the device 405. The receiver 410 may utilize a single antenna or a set of multiple antennas.
[0099] The transmitter 415 may provide a means for transmitting signals generated by other components of the device 405. For example, the transmitter 415 may transmit information such as packets, user data, control information, or any combination thereof associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, information channels related to beamforming for forward link with visual and sensing localization information) . In some examples, the transmitter 415 may be co-located with a receiver 410 in a transceiver module. The transmitter 415 may utilize a single antenna or a set of multiple antennas.
[0100] The communications manager 420, the receiver 410, the transmitter 415, or various combinations or components thereof may be examples of means for performing various aspects of beamforming for forward link with visual and sensing localization information as described herein. For example, the communications manager 420, the receiver 410, the transmitter 415, or various combinations or components thereof may be capable of performing one or more of the functions described herein.
[0101] In some examples, the communications manager 420, the receiver 410, the transmitter 415, or various combinations or components thereof may be implemented in hardware (e.g., in communications management circuitry) . The hardware may include at least one of a processor, a digital signal processor (DSP) , a central processing unit (CPU) , an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) , a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic device, a microcontroller, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof configured as or otherwise supporting, individually or collectively, a means for performing the functions described in the present disclosure. In some examples, at least one processor and at least one memory coupled with the at least one processor may be configured to perform one or more of the functions described herein (e.g., by one or more processors, individually or collectively, executing instructions stored in the at least one memory) .
[0102] Additionally, or alternatively, the communications manager 420, the receiver 410, the transmitter 415, or various combinations or components thereof may be implemented in code (e.g., as communications management software or firmware) executed by at least one processor (e.g., referred to as a processor-executable code) . If implemented in code executed by at least one processor, the functions of the communications manager 420, the receiver 410, the transmitter 415, or various combinations or components thereof may be performed by a general-purpose processor, a DSP, a CPU, an ASIC, an FPGA, a microcontroller, or any combination of these or other programmable logic devices (e.g., configured as or otherwise supporting, individually or collectively, a means for performing the functions described in the present disclosure) .
[0103] In some examples, the communications manager 420 may be configured to perform various operations (e.g., receiving, obtaining, monitoring, outputting, transmitting) using or otherwise in cooperation with the receiver 410, the transmitter 415, or both. For example, the communications manager 420 may receive information from the receiver 410, send information to the transmitter 415, or be integrated in combination with the receiver 410, the transmitter 415, or both to obtain information, output information, or perform various other operations as described herein.
[0104] The communications manager 420 may support wireless communications in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. For example, the communications manager 420 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for receiving localization information associated with one or more second wireless devices, the localization information indicating a respective set of coordinates corresponding to each second wireless device of the one or more second wireless devices. The communications manager 420 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for transmitting, to a second wireless device of the one or more second wireless devices, forward link signaling via a beam that is based on a first set of coordinates that corresponds to the second wireless device according to the localization information.
[0105] By including or configuring the communications manager 420 in accordance with examples as described herein, the device 405 (e.g., at least one processor controlling or otherwise coupled with the receiver 410, the transmitter 415, the communications manager 420, or a combination thereof) may support techniques for beamforming for forward link with visual and sensing localization information, which may result in reduced power consumption, more efficient energy usage, increased reliability for A-IoT device communication, and more efficient utilization of communication resources, among other advantages.
[0106] FIG. 5 shows a block diagram 500 of a device 505 that supports beamforming for forward link with visual and sensing localization information in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The device 505 may be an example of aspects of a device 405, a UE 115, or a network entity 105 as described herein. The device 505 may include a receiver 510, a transmitter 515, and a communications manager 520. The device 505, or one or more components of the device 505 (e.g., the receiver 510, the transmitter 515, the communications manager 520) , may include at least one processor, which may be coupled with at least one memory, to support the described techniques. Each of these components may be in communication with one another (e.g., via one or more buses) .
[0107] The receiver 510 may provide a means for receiving information such as packets, user data, control information, or any combination thereof associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, information channels related to beamforming for forward link with visual and sensing localization information) . Information may be passed on to other components of the device 505. The receiver 510 may utilize a single antenna or a set of multiple antennas.
[0108] The transmitter 515 may provide a means for transmitting signals generated by other components of the device 505. For example, the transmitter 515 may transmit information such as packets, user data, control information, or any combination thereof associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, information channels related to beamforming for forward link with visual and sensing localization information) . In some examples, the transmitter 515 may be co-located with a receiver 510 in a transceiver module. The transmitter 515 may utilize a single antenna or a set of multiple antennas.
[0109] The device 505, or various components thereof, may be an example of means for performing various aspects of beamforming for forward link with visual and sensing localization information as described herein. For example, the communications manager 520 may include a localization information component 525 a forward link signaling component 530, or any combination thereof. The communications manager 520 may be an example of aspects of a communications manager 420 as described herein. In some examples, the communications manager 520, or various components thereof, may be configured to perform various operations (e.g., receiving, obtaining, monitoring, outputting, transmitting) using or otherwise in cooperation with the receiver 510, the transmitter 515, or both. For example, the communications manager 520 may receive information from the receiver 510, send information to the transmitter 515, or be integrated in combination with the receiver 510, the transmitter 515, or both to obtain information, output information, or perform various other operations as described herein.
[0110] The communications manager 520 may support wireless communications in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. The localization information component 525 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for receiving localization information associated with one or more second wireless devices, the localization information indicating a respective set of coordinates corresponding to each second wireless device of the one or more second wireless devices. The forward link signaling component 530 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for transmitting, to a second wireless device of the one or more second wireless devices, forward link signaling via a beam that is based on a first set of coordinates that corresponds to the second wireless device according to the localization information.
[0111] FIG. 6 shows a block diagram 600 of a communications manager 620 that supports beamforming for forward link with visual and sensing localization information in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The communications manager 620 may be an example of aspects of a communications manager 420, a communications manager 520, or both, as described herein. The communications manager 620, or various components thereof, may be an example of means for performing various aspects of beamforming for forward link with visual and sensing localization information as described herein. For example, the communications manager 620 may include a localization information component 625, a forward link signaling component 630, a sensing information component 635, a trigger component 640, a localization information manager 645, a trigger manager 650, a localization table component 655, a forward link signaling manager 660, or any combination thereof. Each of these components, or components or subcomponents thereof (e.g., one or more processors, one or more memories) , may communicate, directly or indirectly, with one another (e.g., via one or more buses) . The communications may include communications within a protocol layer of a protocol stack, communications associated with a logical channel of a protocol stack (e.g., between protocol layers of a protocol stack, within a device, component, or virtualized component associated with a network entity 105, between devices, components, or virtualized components associated with a network entity 105) , or any combination thereof.
[0112] The communications manager 620 may support wireless communications in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. The localization information component 625 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for receiving localization information associated with one or more second wireless devices, the localization information indicating a respective set of coordinates corresponding to each second wireless device of the one or more second wireless devices. The forward link signaling component 630 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for transmitting, to a second wireless device of the one or more second wireless devices, forward link signaling via a beam that is based on a first set of coordinates that corresponds to the second wireless device according to the localization information.
[0113] In some examples, to support receiving the localization information, the localization information component 625 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for receiving the localization information from an LCU, where the localization information is associated with one or more detector devices associated with the LCU.
[0114] In some examples, to support receiving the localization information, the sensing information component 635 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for receiving, from a set of one or more detector devices, a set of sensing information associated with the one or more second wireless devices. In some examples, to support receiving the localization information, the localization information component 625 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for calculating the localization information based on the set of sensing information.
[0115] In some examples, the set of one or more detector devices includes one or more location-fixed sensors, one or more cameras, or a combination thereof.
[0116] In some examples, to support receiving the localization information, the localization information component 625 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for receiving downlink signaling that includes the localization information that indicates that the first wireless device is to transmit the forward link signaling to at least a subset of the one or more second wireless devices, the first wireless device including a UE, where transmitting the forward link signaling is based on the localization information.
[0117] In some examples, the localization information component 625 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for transmitting uplink signaling that includes a request for the localization information, where receiving the downlink signaling is based on the request.
[0118] In some examples, the trigger component 640 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for receiving downlink signaling that indicates a trigger to switch from omnidirectional transmission to beam-based forward link transmission, where transmitting the forward link signaling is based on the downlink signaling.
[0119] In some examples, the forward link signaling component 630 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for transmitting uplink signaling that indicates a request to perform the beam-based forward link transmission, where the downlink signaling that indicates the trigger is based on the request.
[0120] In some examples, the localization information manager 645 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for transmitting downlink signaling that includes the localization information and an indication that a third wireless device is to transmit forward link signaling to at least a subset of the one or more second wireless devices, the first wireless device including a network entity.
[0121] In some examples, the localization information manager 645 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for receiving uplink signaling that includes a request for the localization information, where transmitting the downlink signaling is based on the request.
[0122] In some examples, the trigger manager 650 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for transmitting downlink signaling that indicates a trigger for a third wireless device to switch from omnidirectional transmission to beam-based forward link transmission.
[0123] In some examples, the forward link signaling manager 660 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for receiving uplink signaling that indicates a request for the third wireless device to perform the beam-based forward link transmission, where transmitting the downlink signaling is based on the request.
[0124] In some examples, the localization table component 655 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for modifying one or more entries of a localization table based on the localization information, where the localization table includes a set of entries, each entry of the set of entries including a device identifier of a respective second wireless device and a corresponding set of coordinates for each respective second wireless device.
[0125] In some examples, the localization table component 655 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for receiving signaling that includes a configuration for the localization table, where modifying the one or more entries is based on the configuration.
[0126] FIG. 7 shows a diagram of a system 700 including a device 705 that supports beamforming for forward link with visual and sensing localization information in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The device 705 may be an example of or include components of a device 405, a device 505, or a UE 115 as described herein. The device 705 may communicate (e.g., wirelessly) with one or more other devices (e.g., network entities 105, UEs 115, or a combination thereof) . The device 705 may include components for bi-directional voice and data communications including components for transmitting and receiving communications, such as a communications manager 720, an input / output (I / O) controller, such as an I / O controller 710, a transceiver 715, one or more antennas 725, at least one memory 730, code 735, and at least one processor 740. These components may be in electronic communication or otherwise coupled (e.g., operatively, communicatively, functionally, electronically, electrically) via one or more buses (e.g., a bus 745) .
[0127] The I / O controller 710 may manage input and output signals for the device 705. The I / O controller 710 may also manage peripherals not integrated into the device 705. In some cases, the I / O controller 710 may represent a physical connection or port to an external peripheral. In some cases, the I / O controller 710 may utilize an operating system such as or another known operating system. Additionally, or alternatively, the I / O controller 710 may represent or interact with a modem, a keyboard, a mouse, a touchscreen, or a similar device. In some cases, the I / O controller 710 may be implemented as part of one or more processors, such as the at least one processor 740. In some cases, a user may interact with the device 705 via the I / O controller 710 or via hardware components controlled by the I / O controller 710.
[0128] In some cases, the device 705 may include a single antenna. However, in some other cases, the device 705 may have more than one antenna, which may be capable of concurrently transmitting or receiving multiple wireless transmissions. The transceiver 715 may communicate bi-directionally via the one or more antennas 725 using wired or wireless links as described herein. For example, the transceiver 715 may represent a wireless transceiver and may communicate bi-directionally with another wireless transceiver. The transceiver 715 may also include a modem to modulate the packets, to provide the modulated packets to one or more antennas 725 for transmission, and to demodulate packets received from the one or more antennas 725. The transceiver 715, or the transceiver 715 and one or more antennas 725, may be an example of a transmitter 415, a transmitter 515, a receiver 410, a receiver 510, or any combination thereof or component thereof, as described herein.
[0129] The at least one memory 730 may include random access memory (RAM) and read-only memory (ROM) . The at least one memory 730 may store computer-readable, computer-executable, or processor-executable code, such as the code 735. The code 735 may include instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor 740, cause the device 705 to perform various functions described herein. The code 735 may be stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium such as system memory or another type of memory. In some cases, the code 735 may not be directly executable by the at least one processor 740 but may cause a computer (e.g., when compiled and executed) to perform functions described herein. In some cases, the at least one memory 730 may include, among other things, a basic I / O system (BIOS) which may control basic hardware or software operation such as the interaction with peripheral components or devices.
[0130] The at least one processor 740 may include one or more intelligent hardware devices (e.g., one or more general-purpose processors, one or more DSPs, one or more CPUs, one or more graphics processing units (GPUs) , one or more neural processing units (NPUs) (also referred to as neural network processors or deep learning processors (DLPs) ) , one or more microcontrollers, one or more ASICs, one or more FPGAs, one or more programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic, one or more discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof) . In some cases, the at least one processor 740 may be configured to operate a memory array using a memory controller. In some other cases, a memory controller may be integrated into the at least one processor 740. The at least one processor 740 may be configured to execute computer-readable instructions stored in a memory (e.g., the at least one memory 730) to cause the device 705 to perform various functions (e.g., functions or tasks supporting beamforming for forward link with visual and sensing localization information) . For example, the device 705 or a component of the device 705 may include at least one processor 740 and at least one memory 730 coupled with or to the at least one processor 740, the at least one processor 740 and the at least one memory 730 configured to perform various functions described herein.
[0131] In some examples, the at least one processor 740 may include multiple processors and the at least one memory 730 may include multiple memories. One or more of the multiple processors may be coupled with one or more of the multiple memories, which may, individually or collectively, be configured to perform various functions described herein. In some examples, the at least one processor 740 may be a component of a processing system, which may refer to a system (such as a series) of machines, circuitry (including, for example, one or both of processor circuitry (which may include the at least one processor 740) and memory circuitry (which may include the at least one memory 730) ) , or components, that receives or obtains inputs and processes the inputs to produce, generate, or obtain a set of outputs. The processing system may be configured to perform one or more of the functions described herein. For example, the at least one processor 740 or a processing system including the at least one processor 740 may be configured to, configurable to, or operable to cause the device 705 to perform one or more of the functions described herein. Further, as described herein, being “configured to, ” being “configurable to, ” and being “operable to” may be used interchangeably and may be associated with a capability, when executing code 735 (e.g., processor-executable code) stored in the at least one memory 730 or otherwise, to perform one or more of the functions described herein.
[0132] The communications manager 720 may support wireless communications in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. For example, the communications manager 720 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for receiving localization information associated with one or more second wireless devices, the localization information indicating a respective set of coordinates corresponding to each second wireless device of the one or more second wireless devices. The communications manager 720 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for transmitting, to a second wireless device of the one or more second wireless devices, forward link signaling via a beam that is based on a first set of coordinates that corresponds to the second wireless device according to the localization information.
[0133] By including or configuring the communications manager 720 in accordance with examples as described herein, the device 705 may support techniques for beamforming for forward link with visual and sensing localization information, which may result in reduced latency, reduced power consumption, more efficient energy usage, increased reliability for A-IoT device communication, improved coordination between devices, longer battery life, improved utilization of processing capability, and more efficient utilization of communication resources, among other advantages.
[0134] In some examples, the communications manager 720 may be configured to perform various operations (e.g., receiving, monitoring, transmitting) using or otherwise in cooperation with the transceiver 715, the one or more antennas 725, or any combination thereof. Although the communications manager 720 is illustrated as a separate component, in some examples, one or more functions described with reference to the communications manager 720 may be supported by or performed by the at least one processor 740, the at least one memory 730, the code 735, or any combination thereof. For example, the code 735 may include instructions executable by the at least one processor 740 to cause the device 705 to perform various aspects of beamforming for forward link with visual and sensing localization information as described herein, or the at least one processor 740 and the at least one memory 730 may be otherwise configured to, individually or collectively, perform or support such operations.
[0135] FIG. 8 shows a diagram of a system 800 including a device 805 that supports beamforming for forward link with visual and sensing localization information in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The device 805 may be an example of or include components of a device 405, a device 505, or a network entity 105 as described herein. The device 805 may communicate with other network devices or network equipment such as one or more of the network entities 105, UEs 115, or any combination thereof. The communications may include communications over one or more wired interfaces, over one or more wireless interfaces, or any combination thereof. The device 805 may include components that support outputting and obtaining communications, such as a communications manager 820, a transceiver 810, one or more antennas 815, at least one memory 825, code 830, and at least one processor 835. These components may be in electronic communication or otherwise coupled (e.g., operatively, communicatively, functionally, electronically, electrically) via one or more buses (e.g., a bus 840) .
[0136] The transceiver 810 may support bi-directional communications via wired links, wireless links, or both as described herein. In some examples, the transceiver 810 may include a wired transceiver and may communicate bi-directionally with another wired transceiver. Additionally, or alternatively, in some examples, the transceiver 810 may include a wireless transceiver and may communicate bi-directionally with another wireless transceiver. In some examples, the device 805 may include one or more antennas 815, which may be capable of transmitting or receiving wireless transmissions (e.g., concurrently) . The transceiver 810 may also include a modem to modulate signals, to provide the modulated signals for transmission (e.g., by one or more antennas 815, by a wired transmitter) , to receive modulated signals (e.g., from one or more antennas 815, from a wired receiver) , and to demodulate signals. In some implementations, the transceiver 810 may include one or more interfaces, such as one or more interfaces coupled with the one or more antennas 815 that are configured to support various receiving or obtaining operations, or one or more interfaces coupled with the one or more antennas 815 that are configured to support various transmitting or outputting operations, or a combination thereof. In some implementations, the transceiver 810 may include or be configured for coupling with one or more processors or one or more memory components that are operable to perform or support operations based on received or obtained information or signals, or to generate information or other signals for transmission or other outputting, or any combination thereof. In some implementations, the transceiver 810, or the transceiver 810 and the one or more antennas 815, or the transceiver 810 and the one or more antennas 815 and one or more processors or one or more memory components (e.g., the at least one processor 835, the at least one memory 825, or both) , may be included in a chip or chip assembly that is installed in the device 805. In some examples, the transceiver 810 may be operable to support communications via one or more communications links (e.g., communication link (s) 125, backhaul communication link (s) 120, a midhaul communication link 162, a fronthaul communication link 168) .
[0137] The at least one memory 825 may include RAM, ROM, or any combination thereof. The at least one memory 825 may store computer-readable, computer-executable, or processor-executable code, such as the code 830. The code 830 may include instructions that, when executed by one or more of the at least one processor 835, cause the device 805 to perform various functions described herein. The code 830 may be stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium such as system memory or another type of memory. In some cases, the code 830 may not be directly executable by a processor of the at least one processor 835 but may cause a computer (e.g., when compiled and executed) to perform functions described herein. In some cases, the at least one memory 825 may include, among other things, a BIOS which may control basic hardware or software operation such as the interaction with peripheral components or devices. In some examples, the at least one processor 835 may include multiple processors and the at least one memory 825 may include multiple memories. One or more of the multiple processors may be coupled with one or more of the multiple memories which may, individually or collectively, be configured to perform various functions herein (for example, as part of a processing system) .
[0138] The at least one processor 835 may include one or more intelligent hardware devices (e.g., one or more general-purpose processors, one or more DSPs, one or more CPUs, one or more graphics processing units (GPUs) , one or more neural processing units (NPUs) (also referred to as neural network processors or deep learning processors (DLPs) ) , one or more microcontrollers, one or more ASICs, one or more FPGAs, one or more programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic, one or more discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof) . In some cases, the at least one processor 835 may be configured to operate a memory array using a memory controller. In some other cases, a memory controller may be integrated into one or more of the at least one processor 835. The at least one processor 835 may be configured to execute computer-readable instructions stored in a memory (e.g., one or more of the at least one memory 825) to cause the device 805 to perform various functions (e.g., functions or tasks supporting beamforming for forward link with visual and sensing localization information) . For example, the device 805 or a component of the device 805 may include at least one processor 835 and at least one memory 825 coupled with one or more of the at least one processor 835, the at least one processor 835 and the at least one memory 825 configured to perform various functions described herein. The at least one processor 835 may be an example of a cloud-computing platform (e.g., one or more physical nodes and supporting software such as operating systems, virtual machines, or container instances) that may host the functions (e.g., by executing code 830) to perform the functions of the device 805. The at least one processor 835 may be any one or more suitable processors capable of executing scripts or instructions of one or more software programs stored in the device 805 (such as within one or more of the at least one memory 825) .
[0139] In some examples, the at least one processor 835 may include multiple processors and the at least one memory 825 may include multiple memories. One or more of the multiple processors may be coupled with one or more of the multiple memories, which may, individually or collectively, be configured to perform various functions herein. In some examples, the at least one processor 835 may be a component of a processing system, which may refer to a system (such as a series) of machines, circuitry (including, for example, one or both of processor circuitry (which may include the at least one processor 835) and memory circuitry (which may include the at least one memory 825) ) , or components, that receives or obtains inputs and processes the inputs to produce, generate, or obtain a set of outputs. The processing system may be configured to perform one or more of the functions described herein. For example, the at least one processor 835 or a processing system including the at least one processor 835 may be configured to, configurable to, or operable to cause the device 805 to perform one or more of the functions described herein. Further, as described herein, being “configured to, ” being “configurable to, ” and being “operable to” may be used interchangeably and may be associated with a capability, when executing code stored in the at least one memory 825 or otherwise, to perform one or more of the functions described herein.
[0140] In some examples, a bus 840 may support communications of (e.g., within) a protocol layer of a protocol stack. In some examples, a bus 840 may support communications associated with a logical channel of a protocol stack (e.g., between protocol layers of a protocol stack) , which may include communications performed within a component of the device 805, or between different components of the device 805 that may be co-located or located in different locations (e.g., where the device 805 may refer to a system in which one or more of the communications manager 820, the transceiver 810, the at least one memory 825, the code 830, and the at least one processor 835 may be located in one of the different components or divided between different components) .
[0141] In some examples, the communications manager 820 may manage aspects of communications with a core network 130 (e.g., via one or more wired or wireless backhaul links) . For example, the communications manager 820 may manage the transfer of data communications for client devices, such as one or more UEs 115. In some examples, the communications manager 820 may manage communications with one or more other network entities 105, and may include a controller or scheduler for controlling communications with UEs 115 (e.g., in cooperation with the one or more other network devices) . In some examples, the communications manager 820 may support an X2 interface within an LTE / LTE-A wireless communications network technology to provide communication between network entities 105.
[0142] The communications manager 820 may support wireless communications in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. For example, the communications manager 820 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for receiving localization information associated with one or more second wireless devices, the localization information indicating a respective set of coordinates corresponding to each second wireless device of the one or more second wireless devices. The communications manager 820 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for transmitting, to a second wireless device of the one or more second wireless devices, forward link signaling via a beam that is based on a first set of coordinates that corresponds to the second wireless device according to the localization information.
[0143] By including or configuring the communications manager 820 in accordance with examples as described herein, the device 805 may support techniques for beamforming for forward link with visual and sensing localization information, which may result in reduced latency, reduced power consumption, more efficient energy usage, increased reliability for A-IoT device communication, improved coordination between devices, longer battery life, improved utilization of processing capability, and more efficient utilization of communication resources, among other advantages.
[0144] In some examples, the communications manager 820 may be configured to perform various operations (e.g., receiving, obtaining, monitoring, outputting, transmitting) using or otherwise in cooperation with the transceiver 810, the one or more antennas 815 (e.g., where applicable) , or any combination thereof. Although the communications manager 820 is illustrated as a separate component, in some examples, one or more functions described with reference to the communications manager 820 may be supported by or performed by the transceiver 810, one or more of the at least one processor 835, one or more of the at least one memory 825, the code 830, or any combination thereof (for example, by a processing system including at least a portion of the at least one processor 835, the at least one memory 825, the code 830, or any combination thereof) . For example, the code 830 may include instructions executable by one or more of the at least one processor 835 to cause the device 805 to perform various aspects of beamforming for forward link with visual and sensing localization information as described herein, or the at least one processor 835 and the at least one memory 825 may be otherwise configured to, individually or collectively, perform or support such operations.
[0145] FIG. 9 shows a flowchart illustrating a method 900 that supports beamforming for forward link with visual and sensing localization information in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The operations of the method 900 may be implemented by a UE or a network entity or its components as described herein. For example, the operations of the method 900 may be performed by a UE 115 or a network entity as described with reference to FIGs. 1 through 8. In some examples, a UE or a network entity may execute a set of instructions to control the functional elements of the UE or the network entity to perform the described functions. Additionally, or alternatively, the UE or the network entity may perform aspects of the described functions using special-purpose hardware.
[0146] At 905, the method may include receiving localization information associated with one or more second wireless devices, the localization information indicating a respective set of coordinates corresponding to each second wireless device of the one or more second wireless devices. The operations of 905 may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 905 may be performed by a localization information component 625 as described with reference to FIG. 6.
[0147] At 910, the method may include transmitting, to a second wireless device of the one or more second wireless devices, forward link signaling via a beam that is based on a first set of coordinates that corresponds to the second wireless device according to the localization information. The operations of 910 may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 910 may be performed by a forward link signaling component 630 as described with reference to FIG. 6.
[0148] FIG. 10 shows a flowchart illustrating a method 1000 that supports beamforming for forward link with visual and sensing localization information in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The operations of the method 1000 may be implemented by a UE or a network entity or its components as described herein. For example, the operations of the method 1000 may be performed by a UE 115 or a network entity as described with reference to FIGs. 1 through 8. In some examples, a UE or a network entity may execute a set of instructions to control the functional elements of the UE or the network entity to perform the described functions. Additionally, or alternatively, the UE or the network entity may perform aspects of the described functions using special-purpose hardware.
[0149] At 1005, the method may include receiving, from an LCU, localization information associated with one or more second wireless devices, the localization information indicating a respective set of coordinates corresponding to each second wireless device of the one or more second wireless devices, where the localization information is associated with one or more detector devices associated with the LCU. The operations of 1005 may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1005 may be performed by a localization information component 625 as described with reference to FIG. 6.
[0150] At 1010, the method may include transmitting, to a second wireless device of the one or more second wireless devices, forward link signaling via a beam that is based on a first set of coordinates that corresponds to the second wireless device according to the localization information. The operations of 1010 may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1010 may be performed by a forward link signaling component 630 as described with reference to FIG. 6.
[0151] FIG. 11 shows a flowchart illustrating a method 1100 that supports beamforming for forward link with visual and sensing localization information in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The operations of the method 1100 may be implemented by a UE or a network entity or its components as described herein. For example, the operations of the method 1100 may be performed by a UE 115 or a network entity as described with reference to FIGs. 1 through 8. In some examples, a UE or a network entity may execute a set of instructions to control the functional elements of the UE or the network entity to perform the described functions. Additionally, or alternatively, the UE or the network entity may perform aspects of the described functions using special-purpose hardware.
[0152] At 1105, the method may include receiving localization information associated with one or more second wireless devices, the localization information indicating a respective set of coordinates corresponding to each second wireless device of the one or more second wireless devices and indicating that the first wireless device is to transmit forward link signaling to at least a subset of the one or more second wireless devices. The operations of 1105 may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1105 may be performed by a localization information component 625 as described with reference to FIG. 6.
[0153] At 1110, the method may include transmitting, to a second wireless device of the one or more second wireless devices and based on the localization information, forward link signaling via a beam that is based on a first set of coordinates that corresponds to the second wireless device according to the localization information. The operations of 1110 may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1110 may be performed by a forward link signaling component 630 as described with reference to FIG. 6.
[0154] The following provides an overview of aspects of the present disclosure:
[0155] Aspect 1: A method for wireless communications at a first wireless device, comprising: receiving localization information associated with one or more second wireless devices, the localization information indicating a respective set of coordinates corresponding to each second wireless device of the one or more second wireless devices; and transmitting, to a second wireless device of the one or more second wireless devices, forward link signaling via a beam that is based at least in part on a first set of coordinates that corresponds to the second wireless device according to the localization information.
[0156] Aspect 2: The method of aspect 1, wherein receiving the localization information comprises: receiving the localization information from an LCU, wherein the localization information is associated with one or more detector devices associated with the LCU.
[0157] Aspect 3: The method of any of aspects 1 through 2, wherein receiving the localization information comprises: receiving, from a set of one or more detector devices, a set of sensing information associated with the one or more second wireless devices; and calculating the localization information based at least in part on the set of sensing information.
[0158] Aspect 4: The method of aspect 3, wherein the set of one or more detector devices comprises one or more location-fixed sensors, one or more cameras, or a combination thereof.
[0159] Aspect 5: The method of any of aspects 1 through 4, wherein receiving the localization information comprises: receiving downlink signaling that includes the localization information that indicates that the first wireless device is to transmit the forward link signaling to at least a subset of the one or more second wireless devices, the first wireless device comprising a UE, wherein transmitting the forward link signaling is based at least in part on the localization information.
[0160] Aspect 6: The method of aspect 5, further comprising: transmitting uplink signaling that includes a request for the localization information, wherein receiving the downlink signaling is based at least in part on the request.
[0161] Aspect 7: The method of any of aspects 1 through 6, further comprising: receiving downlink signaling that indicates a trigger to switch from omnidirectional transmission to beam-based forward link transmission, wherein transmitting the forward link signaling is based at least in part on the downlink signaling.
[0162] Aspect 8: The method of aspect 7, further comprising: transmitting uplink signaling that indicates a request to perform the beam-based forward link transmission, wherein the downlink signaling that indicates the trigger is based at least in part on the request.
[0163] Aspect 9: The method of any of aspects 1 through 8, further comprising: transmitting downlink signaling that includes the localization information and an indication that a third wireless device is to transmit forward link signaling to at least a subset of the one or more second wireless devices, the first wireless device comprising a network entity.
[0164] Aspect 10: The method of aspect 9, further comprising: receiving uplink signaling that includes a request for the localization information, wherein transmitting the downlink signaling is based at least in part on the request.
[0165] Aspect 11: The method of any of aspects 1 through 10, further comprising: transmitting downlink signaling that indicates a trigger for a third wireless device to switch from omnidirectional transmission to beam-based forward link transmission.
[0166] Aspect 12: The method of aspect 11, further comprising: receiving uplink signaling that indicates a request for the third wireless device to perform the beam-based forward link transmission, wherein transmitting the downlink signaling is based at least in part on the request.
[0167] Aspect 13: The method of any of aspects 1 through 12, further comprising: modifying one or more entries of a localization table based at least in part on the localization information, wherein the localization table comprises a set of entries, each entry of the set of entries including a device identifier of a respective second wireless device and a corresponding set of coordinates for each respective second wireless device.
[0168] Aspect 14: The method of aspect 13, further comprising: receiving signaling that includes a configuration for the localization table, wherein modifying the one or more entries is based at least in part on the configuration.
[0169] Aspect 15: A first wireless device for wireless communications, comprising one or more memories storing processor-executable code, and one or more processors coupled with the one or more memories and individually or collectively operable to execute the code to cause the first wireless device to perform a method of any of aspects 1 through 14.
[0170] Aspect 16: A first wireless device for wireless communications, comprising at least one means for performing a method of any of aspects 1 through 14.
[0171] Aspect 17: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communications, the code comprising instructions executable by one or more processors to perform a method of any of aspects 1 through 14.
[0172] It should be noted that the methods described herein describe possible implementations. The operations and the steps may be rearranged or otherwise modified and other implementations are possible. Further, aspects from two or more of the methods may be combined.
[0173] Although aspects of an LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, or NR system may be described for purposes of example, and LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, or NR terminology may be used in much of the description, the techniques described herein are applicable beyond LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, or NR networks. For example, the described techniques may be applicable to various other wireless communications systems such as Ultra Mobile Broadband (UMB) , Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11 (Wi-Fi) , IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX) , IEEE 802.20, Flash-OFDM, as well as other systems and radio technologies not explicitly mentioned herein.
[0174] Information and signals described herein may be represented using any of a variety of different technologies and techniques. For example, data, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits, symbols, and chips that may be referenced throughout the description may be represented by voltages, currents, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or particles, optical fields or particles, or any combination thereof.
[0175] The various illustrative blocks and components described in connection with the disclosure herein may be implemented or performed using a general-purpose processor, a DSP, an ASIC, a CPU, a graphics processing unit (GPU) , a neural processing unit (NPU) , an FPGA or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof designed to perform the functions described herein. A general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor but, in the alternative, the processor may be any processor, controller, microcontroller, or state machine. A processor may also be implemented as a combination of computing devices (e.g., a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, multiple microprocessors, one or more microprocessors in conjunction with a DSP core, or any other such configuration) . Any functions or operations described herein as being capable of being performed by a processor may be performed by multiple processors that, individually or collectively, are capable of performing the described functions or operations.
[0176] The functions described herein may be implemented using hardware, software executed by a processor, firmware, or any combination thereof. If implemented using software executed by a processor, the functions may be stored as or transmitted using one or more instructions or code of a computer-readable medium. Other examples and implementations are within the scope of the disclosure and appended claims. For example, due to the nature of software, functions described herein may be implemented using software executed by a processor, hardware, firmware, hardwiring, or combinations of any of these. Features implementing functions may also be physically located at various positions, including being distributed such that portions of functions are implemented at different physical locations.
[0177] Computer-readable media includes both non-transitory computer storage media and communication media including any medium that facilitates transfer of a computer program from one location to another. A non-transitory storage medium may be any available medium that may be accessed by a general-purpose or special-purpose computer. By way of example, and not limitation, non-transitory computer-readable media may include RAM, ROM, electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM) , flash memory, compact disk (CD) ROM or other optical disk storage, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other non-transitory medium that may be used to carry or store desired program code means in the form of instructions or data structures and that may be accessed by a general-purpose or special-purpose computer or a general-purpose or special-purpose processor. Also, any connection is properly termed a computer-readable medium. For example, if the software is transmitted from a website, server, or other remote source using a coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, digital subscriber line (DSL) , or wireless technologies such as infrared, radio, and microwave, then the coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, DSL, or wireless technologies such as infrared, radio, and microwave are included in the definition of computer-readable medium. Disk and disc, as used herein, include CD, laser disc, optical disc, digital versatile disc (DVD) , floppy disk, and Blu-ray disc. Disks may reproduce data magnetically, and discs may reproduce data optically using lasers. Combinations of the above are also included within the scope of computer-readable media. Any functions or operations described herein as being capable of being performed by a memory may be performed by multiple memories that, individually or collectively, are capable of performing the described functions or operations.
[0178] As used herein, including in the claims, “or” as used in a list of items (e.g., a list of items prefaced by a phrase such as “at least one of” or “one or more of” ) indicates an inclusive list such that, for example, a list of at least one of A, B, or C means A or B or C or AB or AC or BC or ABC (i.e., A and B and C) . Also, as used herein, the phrase “based on” shall not be construed as a reference to a closed set of conditions. For example, an example step that is described as “based on condition A” may be based on both a condition A and a condition B without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. In other words, as used herein, the phrase “based on” shall be construed in the same manner as the phrase “based at least in part on. ”
[0179] As used herein, including in the claims, the article “a” before a noun is open-ended and understood to refer to “at least one” of those nouns or “one or more” of those nouns. Thus, the terms “a, ” “at least one, ” “one or more, ” and “at least one of one or more” may be interchangeable. For example, if a claim recites “acomponent” that performs one or more functions, each of the individual functions may be performed by a single component or by any combination of multiple components. Thus, the term “acomponent” having characteristics or performing functions may refer to “at least one of one or more components” having a particular characteristic or performing a particular function. Subsequent reference to a component introduced with the article “a” using the terms “the” or “said” may refer to any or all of the one or more components. For example, a component introduced with the article “a” may be understood to mean “one or more components, ” and referring to “the component” subsequently in the claims may be understood to be equivalent to referring to “at least one of the one or more components. ” Similarly, subsequent reference to a component introduced as “one or more components” using the terms “the” or “said” may refer to any or all of the one or more components. For example, referring to “the one or more components” subsequently in the claims may be understood to be equivalent to referring to “at least one of the one or more components. ”
[0180] The term “determine” or “determining” encompasses a variety of actions and, therefore, “determining” can include calculating, computing, processing, deriving, investigating, looking up (such as via looking up in a table, a database, or another data structure) , ascertaining, and the like. Also, “determining” can include receiving (e.g., receiving information) , accessing (e.g., accessing data stored in memory) , and the like. Also, “determining” can include resolving, obtaining, selecting, choosing, establishing, and other such similar actions.
[0181] In the appended figures, similar components or features may have the same reference label. Further, various components of the same type may be distinguished by following the reference label by a dash and a second label that distinguishes among the similar components. If just the first reference label is used in the specification, the description is applicable to any one of the similar components having the same first reference label irrespective of the second reference label or other subsequent reference label.
[0182] The description set forth herein, in connection with the appended drawings, describes example configurations and does not represent all the examples that may be implemented or that are within the scope of the claims. The term “example” used herein means “serving as an example, instance, or illustration” and not “preferred” or “advantageous over other examples. ” The detailed description includes specific details for the purpose of providing an understanding of the described techniques. These techniques, however, may be practiced without these specific details. In some figures, known structures and devices are shown in block diagram form in order to avoid obscuring the concepts of the described examples.
[0183] The description herein is provided to enable a person having ordinary skill in the art to make or use the disclosure. Various modifications to the disclosure will be apparent to a person having ordinary skill in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other variations without departing from the scope of the disclosure. Thus, the disclosure is not limited to the examples and designs described herein but is to be accorded the broadest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims
1.A first wireless device, comprising:one or more memories storing processor-executable code; andone or more processors coupled with the one or more memories and individually or collectively operable to execute the code to cause the first wireless device to:receive localization information associated with one or more second wireless devices, the localization information indicating a respective set of coordinates corresponding to each second wireless device of the one or more second wireless devices; andtransmit, to a second wireless device of the one or more second wireless devices, forward link signaling via a beam that is based at least in part on a first set of coordinates that corresponds to the second wireless device according to the localization information.2.The first wireless device of claim 1, wherein, to receive the localization information, the one or more processors are individually or collectively operable to execute the code to cause the first wireless device to:receive the localization information from a localization calculation unit, wherein the localization information is associated with one or more detector devices associated with the localization calculation unit.3.The first wireless device of claim 1, wherein, to receive the localization information, the one or more processors are individually or collectively operable to execute the code to cause the first wireless device to:receive, from a set of one or more detector devices, a set of sensing information associated with the one or more second wireless devices; andcalculate the localization information based at least in part on the set of sensing information.4.The first wireless device of claim 3, wherein the set of one or more detector devices comprises one or more location-fixed sensors, one or more cameras, or a combination thereof.5.The first wireless device of claim 1, wherein, to receive the localization information, the one or more processors are individually or collectively operable to execute the code to cause the first wireless device to:receive downlink signaling that includes the localization information that indicates that the first wireless device is to transmit the forward link signaling to at least a subset of the one or more second wireless devices, the first wireless device comprising a user equipment (UE) , wherein transmitting the forward link signaling is based at least in part on the localization information.6.The first wireless device of claim 5, wherein the one or more processors are individually or collectively further operable to execute the code to cause the first wireless device to:transmit uplink signaling that includes a request for the localization information, wherein receiving the downlink signaling is based at least in part on the request.7.The first wireless device of claim 1, wherein the one or more processors are individually or collectively further operable to execute the code to cause the first wireless device to:receive downlink signaling that indicates a trigger to switch from omnidirectional transmission to beam-based forward link transmission, wherein transmitting the forward link signaling is based at least in part on the downlink signaling.8.The first wireless device of claim 7, wherein the one or more processors are individually or collectively further operable to execute the code to cause the first wireless device to:transmit uplink signaling that indicates a request to perform the beam-based forward link transmission, wherein the downlink signaling that indicates the trigger is based at least in part on the request.9.The first wireless device of claim 1, wherein the one or more processors are individually or collectively further operable to execute the code to cause the first wireless device to:transmit downlink signaling that includes the localization information and an indication that a third wireless device is to transmit forward link signaling to at least a subset of the one or more second wireless devices, the first wireless device comprising a network entity.10.The first wireless device of claim 9, wherein the one or more processors are individually or collectively further operable to execute the code to cause the first wireless device to:receive uplink signaling that includes a request for the localization information, wherein transmitting the downlink signaling is based at least in part on the request.11.The first wireless device of claim 1, wherein the one or more processors are individually or collectively further operable to execute the code to cause the first wireless device to:transmit downlink signaling that indicates a trigger for a third wireless device to switch from omnidirectional transmission to beam-based forward link transmission.12.The first wireless device of claim 11, wherein the one or more processors are individually or collectively further operable to execute the code to cause the first wireless device to:receive uplink signaling that indicates a request for the third wireless device to perform the beam-based forward link transmission, wherein transmitting the downlink signaling is based at least in part on the request.13.The first wireless device of claim 1, wherein the one or more processors are individually or collectively further operable to execute the code to cause the first wireless device to:modify one or more entries of a localization table based at least in part on the localization information, wherein the localization table comprises a set of entries, each entry of the set of entries including a device identifier of a respective second wireless device and a corresponding set of coordinates for each respective second wireless device.14.The first wireless device of claim 13, wherein the one or more processors are individually or collectively further operable to execute the code to cause the first wireless device to:receive signaling that includes a configuration for the localization table, wherein modifying the one or more entries is based at least in part on the configuration.15.A method for wireless communications at a first wireless device, comprising:receiving localization information associated with one or more second wireless devices, the localization information indicating a respective set of coordinates corresponding to each second wireless device of the one or more second wireless devices; andtransmitting, to a second wireless device of the one or more second wireless devices, forward link signaling via a beam that is based at least in part on a first set of coordinates that corresponds to the second wireless device according to the localization information.16.The method of claim 15, wherein receiving the localization information comprises:receiving the localization information from a localization calculation unit, wherein the localization information is associated with one or more detector devices associated with the localization calculation unit.17.The method of claim 15, wherein receiving the localization information comprises:receiving, from a set of one or more detector devices, a set of sensing information associated with the one or more second wireless devices; andcalculating the localization information based at least in part on the set of sensing information.18.A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communications, the code comprising instructions executable by one or more processors to:receive localization information associated with one or more second wireless devices, the localization information indicating a respective set of coordinates corresponding to each second wireless device of the one or more second wireless devices; andtransmit, to a second wireless device of the one or more second wireless devices, forward link signaling via a beam that is based at least in part on a first set of coordinates that corresponds to the second wireless device according to the localization information.19.The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 18, wherein the instructions to receive the localization information are executable by the one or more processors to:receive the localization information from a localization calculation unit, wherein the localization information is associated with one or more detector devices associated with the localization calculation unit.20.The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 18, wherein the instructions to receive the localization information are executable by the one or more processors to:receive, from a set of one or more detector devices, a set of sensing information associated with the one or more second wireless devices; andcalculate the localization information based at least in part on the set of sensing information.
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