Dental handpiece

Abstract

The invention relates to dental handpieces comprising a handle and a head with an optical sensor. The present handpiece has an air supply means comprising an air supply channel. The head has an air outlet opening. According to the invention, said opening is configured in the form of a slot disposed proximal a bur and oriented toward the optical sensor. The slot has an angular dimension of 80°-100° and is situated in the plane of the optical sensor at an angle of 0°-10°. Disposed in the air supply channel is a distributor which distributes the supplied air flow into a channel for supplying air to form a spray and a channel for supplying air to the optical sensor. The ratio of the cross-sections of the channel leading to the optical sensor and the channel leading to the formation of a spray lies within the range of 1.1:1 - 1.4:1.

Description

[0001] DENTAL HANDPIECE

[0002] The field of technology to which the invention relates.

[0003] The present invention relates to dental equipment, namely to dental handpieces comprising a handle and a housing with an optical radiation source in the form of at least one light-emitting diode connected to an electrical power source, wherein it is provided with an optical sensor configured to be connected to visual display means, the handpiece has a means for supplying compressed air, including an air supply channel, and the housing has an opening for releasing compressed air and can be used in dental procedures in a doctor's office.

[0004] The following terms are used in this description:

[0005] An optical sensor is any device that can capture an image that falls on it, a typical example is a video camera,

[0006] An arc gap is a hole formed by sawing a hollow cylinder perpendicular to its axis of symmetry. In one projection it has the shape of a rectangle, and in the projection perpendicular to it it has the shape of an arc of a circle, the angular size of which is considered here to be the angular size of the arc gap.

[0007] The plane of the optical sensor is a plane that passes perpendicular to the axis of symmetry of the optical sensor.

[0008] Spray air supply channel - a channel for supplying air towards the drill for its cooling and lubrication.

[0009] State of the art.

[0010] A dental handpiece known from the prior art comprises a handle and a housing with an optical radiation source in the form of at least one LED connected to an electrical power source. The housing is also equipped with an optical sensor capable of being connected to visual display devices. See the description of Russian Patent No. 2772017, published in 2022. This device is the closest in technical essence to the claimed invention and is considered a prototype. Therefore, the device proposed in this description will be described in terms of its differences from the prototype.

[0011] A drawback of this device is the poor airflow to the optical sensor, which results in the optical sensor remaining contaminated. Furthermore, the airflow power supplied to the optical sensor must be adjusted depending on the drill's rotation speed. This is because increasing the drill's rotation speed generates more contaminants, increasing the contamination of the optical sensor. Therefore, the airflow power to the optical sensor must be adjusted separately to the drill's rotation speed.

[0012] Disclosure of invention.

[0013] The present invention primarily aims to provide a dental handpiece comprising a handle and a housing with an optical radiation source in the form of at least one light-emitting diode connected to an electrical power source, wherein it is provided with an optical sensor configured to be connected to visual display means, the handpiece has a means for supplying compressed air, including an air supply channel, and the housing has an opening for releasing compressed air, which makes it possible to improve the quality of blowing of the optical sensor, including due to the possibility of avoiding adjustment of the blowing of the optical sensor in relation to the intensity of its contamination, which is the technical task at hand.

[0014] To achieve this goal

[0015] • the hole is made in the form of an arc slit located on the side of the drill and directed towards the optical sensor, while

[0016] • the gap has an angular size of 80°-100°, and

[0017] • is located in the plane of the optical sensor at an angle from 0° to 10°, while

[0018] • a distributor is located in the air supply channel, which distributes the supplied air flow into the air supply channel for forming a spray and into the air supply channel to the optical sensor, and • the ratio of the cross-sections of the channel going to the optical sensor and the channel going to form the spray is in the range of ratios of 1.1: 1 - 1.4: 1.

[0019] These advantageous characteristics make it possible to not only air the optical sensor and prevent it from fogging, but also to improve the quality of airflow around the optical sensor, including by eliminating the need to adjust the airflow around the optical sensor based on the intensity of contamination. This allows for the creation of a powerful, adjustable air curtain that protects the optical sensor from contamination by solid particles and liquid droplets produced during the dissection of living patient tissue, thereby preventing any particles from coming into contact with the external optical elements. These parameters are selected to ensure the highest possible airflow around the optical sensor.

[0020] Due to the fact that a distributor is located in the air supply channel, which distributes the supplied air flow into the air supply channel for forming a spray and into the air supply channel to the optical sensor, and that a certain ratio of the cross-sections of the channel going to the optical sensor and the channel going to form a spray is indicated, which is in the range of ratios of 1.1: 1 - 1.4: 1, it becomes possible to direct no less a portion of the air to blowing the optical sensor, and with an increase in the power of the drill speed and a corresponding increase in the power of the air supply to it, the power of the flow directed to blowing the optical sensor automatically increases.

[0021] There is another possible, but not obligatory, variant of the invention, in which it is provided with two optical sensors, and two openings for releasing compressed air to each optical sensor, each of which is made in the form of an arc slit located on the side of the drill and directed to the optical sensor, wherein the slit has an angular size of 80°-100°, and is located in the plane of the optical sensor at an angle from 0° to 10°, wherein in the air supply channel there is a distributor that distributes the supplied air flow to the air supply channel for forming a spray and to each air supply channel to each optical sensor, wherein the ratio of the cross-sections of the channel going to each optical sensor and the channel going to form a spray is in the range of ratios of 1.1: 1 - 1.4: 1.Thanks to these advantageous characteristics, it becomes possible to provide either image duplication or the possibility of three-dimensional reconstruction of the situation in the oral cavity from two images during a medical procedure.

[0022] Brief description of the drawings.

[0023] Other distinctive features and advantages of the present invention will be clearly apparent from the description given below for illustration and not as limiting, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0024] - Figure 1 depicts a functional diagram of a dental handpiece according to the invention,

[0025] - Figure 2 depicts a partial view of a dental handpiece according to the invention,

[0026] - Figure 3 depicts a partial view of a dental handpiece according to the invention,

[0027] - Figure 4 depicts a partial view of a dental handpiece according to the invention,

[0028] - Figure 5 depicts a vertical section of a dental handpiece according to the invention,

[0029] - Figure 6 depicts a partial view of a dental handpiece according to the invention.

[0030] The figures indicate:

[0031] 1 - Handle.

[0032] 2 - Body.

[0033] 3 - LEDs.

[0034] 4 - Optical sensors.

[0035] 5 - Air supply channel.

[0036] 6 - Hole for releasing compressed air to the optical sensor.

[0037] 7 - Drill.

[0038] 8 - Distributor

[0039] 9 - Air supply channel for spray formation.

[0040] 10 - Air supply channel to the optical sensor.

[0041] 11 - Hole for releasing compressed air to form a spray.

[0042] According to Figures 1-6, the dental handpiece comprises a handle 1 and a housing 2 with an optical radiation source in the form of at least one light-emitting diode 3 connected to an electrical power source. The figures depict a plurality of light-emitting diodes 3. The housing 2 is equipped with an optical sensor 4 configured to be connected to visual display means, the handpiece has a compressed air supply means including an air supply channel 5, and the housing has an opening 6 for releasing compressed air. The opening 6 is designed as an arcuate slit located on the side of the drill 7 and directed toward the optical sensor 4, wherein the slit has an angular size of 80°-100° and is located in the plane of the optical sensor at an angle from 0° to 10°.

[0043] In the air supply channel 5, there is a distributor 8, which distributes the supplied air flow into the air supply channel for forming a spray 9 and into the air supply channel to the optical sensor 10, wherein the ratio of the cross-sections of the channel going to the optical sensor and the channel going to form the spray is in the range of ratios of 1.1: 1 - 1.4: 1. The figures show that there are two optical sensors and, accordingly, two channels 10 for each sensor 4.

[0044] Implementation of the invention.

[0045] The dental handpiece operates as follows. We will provide a comprehensive example of how the invention can be implemented. Keep in mind that this example does not limit the scope of the invention.

[0046] Air from the compressor of the dental unit is supplied through the air flow supply tube - air supply channel 5 - into the housing 2. After passing through the housing 2, the air enters the distributor 8, where it is divided into an air supply channel for forming a spray 9 and an air supply channel to the optical sensor 10, ending with an opening 6 for releasing compressed air onto the optical sensor 4. There may be several sensors 4, as in the figures, where two of them are shown.

[0047] The hole 6 is made in the form of an arc slit located on the side of the drill 7 and directed towards the optical sensor 4, while the slit has an angular size of 80°-100°, and is located in the plane of the optical sensor at an angle from 0° to 10. The ratio of the cross-sections of the channel going to the optical sensor 10 and the channel going to the formation of the spray 9 is in the range of ratios of 1.1: 1 - 1.4: 1

[0048] A high-speed jet is ejected from hole 6, which, due to the selection of the size and location of hole 6, does not allow any particles with densities and speeds typical for dental interventions to penetrate beyond its core and carries them away from the optical sensor 4.

[0049] The direction of air supply in the air supply channel 5 is shown in Figure 5 in blue, the direction of air supply in the air supply channel for forming a spray 9 is shown in Figure 5 in green, and the direction of air supply in the air supply channel to the optical sensor Yu is shown in Figure 5 in red.

[0050] Industrial applicability.

[0051] The dental handpiece can be implemented by a specialist in practice and, when implemented, ensures the implementation of the stated purpose, which allows us to conclude that the invention meets the “industrial applicability” criterion.

[0052] In order to confirm the performance of this dental handpiece design under real-life conditions, a series of tests were conducted.

[0053] The chamber blowing channel was represented by an opening in the form of an arc slit located on the side of drill 7 and directed towards optical sensor 4, while the slit had an angular size of 90°, and was located in the plane of the optical sensor at an angle of 5° at a pressure of 1.5-25 atm, creating a flow for blowing the optical sensor through a radial groove with a cross-section of 1.8-2.2 mm 2 .

[0054] Thus, the flow had a speed of at least 120 m / s and covered the lens area with an overlap of at least 10% of the lens diameter, which was sufficient to clean the camera lens of contaminants during operation.

[0055] The channel branched into two directions closer to the chambers to the spray supply channel, which was represented by two channels for supplying water and air with a cross-section of 0.9-1.1 mm 2connecting into a common channel 6-7 mm long, thus mixing the media to obtain a spray, which was supplied through a hole 11 with a diameter of 0.9-1 mm located at an angle of 82-85 degrees to ensure the supply of spray to the working area of ​​the tool and at the same time to ensure the technological processing of the product body.

[0056] Thus, due to the new features, the stated technical result is achieved, namely: improvement of the quality of the optical sensor airflow, including the possibility of avoiding the adjustment of the optical sensor airflow in relation to the intensity of its contamination.

Claims

CLAUSES OF THE INVENTION 1. A dental handpiece comprising a handle and a housing with an optical radiation source in the form of at least one light-emitting diode connected to an electrical power source, wherein it is provided with an optical sensor configured to be connected to visual display means, the handpiece has a means for supplying compressed air, including an air supply channel, and the housing has an opening for releasing compressed air, characterized in that the opening is made in the form of an arc slit located on the side of the drill and directed toward the optical sensor, wherein the slit has an angular size of 80°-100°, and is located in the plane of the optical sensor at an angle from 0° to 10°, wherein a distributor is located in the air supply channel, which distributes the supplied air flow into the air supply channel for forming a spray and into the air supply channel to the optical sensor, wherein the ratio of the cross-sections of the channel going to the optical sensor and the channel going to form a spray,is in the range of ratios 1.1:1 - 1.4:1., 2. The dental handpiece according to claim 1, characterized in that it is provided with two optical sensors and two openings for releasing compressed air onto each optical sensor, each of which is made in the form of an arc slit located on the side of the drill and directed toward the optical sensor, wherein the slit has an angular size of 80°-100° and is located in the plane of the optical sensor at an angle from 0° to 10°, wherein a distributor is located in the air supply channel that distributes the supplied air flow into the air supply channel for forming a spray and into each air supply channel for each optical sensor, wherein the ratio of the cross-sections of the channel going to each optical sensor and the channel going to form a spray is in the range of ratios of 1.1: 1 - 1.4: 1.

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