Medical sign-identification tag

Abstract

This invention, titled "Medical Identification and Signal Tag System", addresses the growing challenge of maintaining accurate and timely patient monitoring in high-stress clinical environments such as emergency rooms and operating theaters. The technical problem targeted by this invention stems from the overwhelming workload, fragmented patient data systems, and delayed response times that often lead to medical errors and professional burnout among healthcare workers. To overcome these limitations, the invention integrates an Advanced Monitoring Analytics Module with a Wearable Medical Identification Tag. The system automatically analyzes patients' vital signs using artificial intelligence and machine learning algorithms capable of detecting critical physiological changes in real time. These algorithms dynamically interpret multi-parameter inputs such as heart rate, blood pressure, oxygen saturation, and body temperature and issue immediate alerts to the medical staff through a secure wireless connection. Technically, the invention employs a dual-component architecture. The monitoring unit, attached to the hospital's existing patient monitor, collects and processes biosignals using a high-speed microcontroller and a neural processing unit (NPU). The second component, the wearable tag, communicates via BLE protocol and provides visual, vibrational, and digital alerts through LED indicators and an integrated LCD interface. A secure encryption layer ensures data confidentiality and access control. Through continuous monitoring, adaptive AI-driven alerting, and secure communication, this system enhances clinical responsiveness, reduces the risk of human error, and contributes to a more reliable and efficient emergency care workflow representing a significant technical advancement in medical monitoring technology.

Description

Medical Sign-Identification Tag

[0001] This invention is related to medical science equipment and in the field of medical engineering, in the field of emergency medicine, and in the field of monitoring sciences.

[0002] To ensure the novelty of an invention, it is essential to search national and international databases for prior art, including patents and non-patent literature, such as scientific articles, conference proceedings, theses, and studies. I thoroughly reviewed relevant documents to confirm that my invention had not been disclosed previously. The examination revealed several existing inventions, each with distinct technical features, which I compared to my invention to highlight its unique advantages and differences.

[0003] One of these inventions is a remote physiological signal analyzer and recording system that operates as an independent medical device and only informs a specialist physician, whereas my invention continuously monitors the patient's status and, in critical conditions, alerts the medical staff, including doctors, nurses, and treatment personnel. Additionally, the alarm system for notifying the medical staff is not mentioned in the cited invention; in my invention, it automatically alerts the medical staff based on the patient's vital signs. In my invention, colored LED lights in three colors (red, green, yellow) are used to display the patient's status and to alert medical personnel, a feature that is not mentioned in the related papers. Furthermore, my invention includes an access control system to protect sensitive patient information, whereas such a system is not mentioned in the existing invention.

[0004] There is another invention that primarily emphasizes the control and monitoring of the hardware of medical devices, whereas my invention is designed to automatically monitor and track the vital signs of the patient and issue alerts in critical conditions. The claimed invention can manually alert other members of the medical team in critical situations via an activation button, but such features are not mentioned in the present invention. Additionally, the claimed invention includes a data encryption and access control system to protect sensitive patient information, whereas no protective system is mentioned in the existing invention.

[0005] There is another invention in which the heart's function is routinely monitored, whereas my invention performs regular and periodic vital sign monitoring automatically and in the form of alerts. Additionally, the mentioned invention sends alert messages only to the physician, whereas my invention notifies the medical team, including doctors and nurses, in critical conditions. In the claimed invention, the alert system uses LED lights with different colors (green, yellow, red) to indicate the patient's status to the medical team. However, the present invention only mentions a button for sending an alert message to the monitoring location.

[0006] There is another invention that primarily focuses on processing and collecting physiological data of the patient virtually. In contrast, my invention performs regular and periodic monitoring of the patient's vital signs automatically and in the form of alerts. Additionally, the claimed invention monitors and supervises the patient's vital signs automatically in the form of alerts, but the existing invention does not mention an alert system.

[0007] There is another invention in which this system, if the temperature deviates from the defined range, triggers an alert and controls access to storage units through user authentication. In contrast, the claimed invention automatically notifies the medical staff based on vital signs through an alert system, and is directly used on patients in medical environments such as operating rooms and intensive care units for continuous, real-time health monitoring and immediate alerts. However, the present invention fully addresses the proper storage conditions for medical items, especially drugs, and access control. In the claimed invention, continuous monitoring and automatic surveillance of the patient's vital signs in the form of alerts for critical conditions are considered, whereas the existing invention largely focuses on monitoring and controlling medical storage units to monitor the storage of temperature-sensitive medications within drug-specific temperature ranges.

[0008] There is another study that focuses on monitoring and tracking medical items to ensure their proper use, whereas the present study emphasizes the automatic monitoring of patients' vital signs through alerts for critical conditions. Furthermore, this study highlights the importance of continuous monitoring of patients' status and the immediate notification of medical staff in case of abnormal conditions. The proposed system automatically alerts healthcare personnel based on patients' vital signs and is integrated with other medical monitoring systems to provide real-time, continuous health status updates. However, the cited study does not mention such an integrated and automated system.

[0009] This invention consists of two parts: an Advanced Monitoring Analytics component and a Medical Signal Tag (Label) Finder. The Monitoring Analytics section includes a data exchange communication module, a processor for complex computations, a manual activation button, an artificial intelligence processing engine for signal analysis, a multi-source power supply with automatic switching, a battery management system, and a distance measurement sensor. The Medical Signal Tag likewise features a sturdy plastic body, a full-display screen, an internal electronic board, a compact battery, a charging system, a vibrator for alerts, and an LED system for status indication. The two parts are integrated to provide medical monitoring and signaling capabilities. The Medical Alert Identification Tag addresses one of the burning issues in healthcare services: the intersection of healthcare worker burnout and the potential risks of patient safety in rapidly evolving units, specifically critical care. Healthcare employees, especially those in emergency departments and operating theaters, face capital-consuming and increasingly unprecedented tasks. Long and unbroken shifts, accompanying unsafe staffing ratios, and the fragmented information systems surrounding the complex and interwoven demands of monitoring multiple critically ill patients create a perfect storm for the occurrence of errors in care delivery. Although monitoring systems, from a technology perspective, are sophisticated, continuous monitoring of a patient is a mental task that is placed on the human operator, who must assess, abstract, and respond to multiple emergencies often clustered. This invention changes the game by proposing a sophisticated intermediary that examines a patient's data and calls the appropriate people when a patient's data shows that an intervention is needed.

[0010] The architecture of the system has two synergistic elements that allow it to fuse with the current hospital layout. The monitoring analyzer unit and the intelligent hub, which is physically mounted behind the patient monitors or on the medical cart. The analyzer consists of an advanced microcontroller, an AI processor, wireless communication interfaces, and a backup power system that switches automatically from mains power to battery and ensures continuous operation. It interfaces with patient monitors to receive streams of vital sign data, including heart rate, blood pressure, oxygen saturation, respiratory rate, and temperature. Because of machine learning and training on data from significant medical events, the analyzer identifies critical alterations in patient conditions that precede those changes observable by a clinician.

[0011] The second component, the medical alert tag, acts as a personalized notification device worn by physicians, nurses, and other clinical staff. Made from medical-grade materials that withstand repeated disinfection, this compact wearable device incorporates a full-screen display, multi-color LED status lights, and a vibrating alert. The tag ensures continuous wireless communication with the analyzer, which pushes updates on the status of monitored patients. Whenever the analyzer identifies abnormal trends associated with patients and values, immediate alerts are sent to the staff member's assigned tags. These tagged alerts include visual signals in the form of LED lights, tactile signals in the form of vibrations, and information snaps on the screens, delivering comprehensive alerts about the situational context. Such a multi-modal system is particularly useful in saving auditory alarms and ensuring that alerts continue to be registered in busy and loud environments where auditory alarms are ignored.

[0012] The system's innovation potential is centered on intelligent processing. The artificial intelligence engine, instead of just flagging alerts based on unsophisticated threshold breaches, uses the provided algorithms to report on critical metrics and trends within a specified context of multiple organ systems. The algorithms impute patient-centric variables such as age, sex, comorbidities, and vital thresholds in order to assess the status of a patient within his or her unique clinical scenario. For example, a patient's heart rate might rise within a certain threshold that would be concerning in the general population, and the system would recognize and learn to adjust its alerts in such a way.

[0013] The framework of alerts is cascaded to the user in an intuitively designed and color-coded way that communicates the severity of a situation. Red lights indicate critical life-threatening situations requiring immediate action, such as critical oxygen desaturation or perilous cardiac arrhythmias. Yellow signals depict concerning trends needing quick assessment but aren't immediately life-threatening, such as borderline febrile temperatures or declining blood pressure. Green represents a stable patient status, which may require reassurance but no action. This type of visual language permits the staff to respond to a particular patient and ensures intervention for the most life-threatening situations.

[0014] No element of the system and the protocols to identify and mitigate risks to patient data security are of utmost concern. All wireless communications between the analyzer and the wearable tags utilize end-to-end encryption to contemporary cryptographic standards, which ensures that there will be no interception and no unauthorized access or modification of the data. Access controls are also implemented to ensure patient data is available only to relevant stakeholders, which is coupled with an authentication procedure to guarantee that system users are verified before patient data is displayed. The system's comprehensive audit trail feature enables the system to capture and log all data access for quality assurance and regulatory compliance. The design of data storage involves a multi-tiered model consisting of data accessibility and data storage files for archival purposes. Real-time data is stored in the primary memory to enable rapid access. Historical data is stored in secure central databases for analysis and record-keeping. This design allows the system to operate uninterrupted in the event of a brief disruption in network connectivity. Alerts and status updates are stored and cached until the connection is reestablished. A sophisticated system of stored databases allows the examination of patients' previous records, the tracking of trends related to adverse events, and the assessment of the impact of various actions on the outcomes using data collected during the intervention. This analytics transforms the data used for monitoring the patients into clinically actionable intelligence.

[0015] The system is capable of performing tasks previously done by healthcare workers. This has major positive impacts on the psychosocial health of the workers and the data. Cognitive resources can be reallocated to direct clinical tasks as system-initiated alerts reduce the need for intense observational data tracking. Higher alertness due to reduced data surveillance improves judgment, decreases the likelihood of errors, and promotes proactive behaviors, all of which are crucial for patient safety and improved job satisfaction. Recognizing deteriorating situations sooner allows for timely interventions that can prevent negative outcomes or lessen their impact. Improved communication confirms that important information reaches relevant decision-makers in a timely manner, even in organizations with multi-layered complexities and various levels of responsibility.

[0016] The system yields important information on response times, alerting behaviors, and clinical outcomes that can be used for quality improvement. Hospitals can determine which alert types most closely associate with actual interventions and refine their alerting algorithms. Hospitals can identify timing bottlenecks and rectify them. Over time, the system's data will allow for the monitoring of clinical workflows and alerting thresholds to be revised, creating a system that continuously improves as more data is collected. This invention fulfills an entire need of acute care medicine, from the intensive care units and emergency departments to the operating rooms and post-anesthesia recovery areas, wherever critically ill patients are continuously monitored. Due to the modular nature of the system, it is possible to modify it to fit the requirements of different clinical settings. Each local system is able to set its own alert triggers, choose which ones to communicate, and adapt the system to local clinical workflows and personnel availability. The system is configured to fit the scales of resource-limited small community hospitals to resource-abundant large complex academic medical centers. With the global expansion of healthcare systems experiencing the tradeoffs of limited personnel, complex and high acuity patients, and tight regulations, the balanced new technology proposed here that could support the patients and positively impact employee burnout should be considered a crucial investment.

[0017] Burnout was first introduced in the 1970s. This process is a kind of psychological syndrome that is most commonly observed among occupations with the most contact with people, such as teachers and healthcare personnel. Burnout can be caused by the difficulty of the job and the pressure of the workload that healthcare staff, including nurses and doctors, often face during their service. Burnout has many consequences, including tension, stress, and anxiety experienced by the individual, and these factors affect the quality of the healthcare services they provide to patients.

[0018] Hospital departments and areas such as operating rooms and emergency departments are among the most stressful and demanding environments. Hospital processes and units generate large volumes of information and procedures, making their control and management difficult and complex. Factors that contribute to burnout and reduce the quality of care include lack of timely access by staff to patients' medical histories, lack of data integration across patients, long shifts, night work, and understaffing, particularly in wards and among nurses. These can lead to serious and irreversible risks to patient safety.

[0019] Continuous monitoring of high-risk patients in sensitive sections such as the emergency department and operating room is another challenge. Nurses and staff regularly check vital signs, including blood pressure, body temperature, respiratory rate, heart rate, and oxygen saturation, and notify the physician immediately in emergency situations. However, clinical teams often lack sufficient human resources and technical capabilities to perform these processes continuously and accurately, and they frequently face incomplete data and specialists with varying levels of training, which can lead to increased medical errors in these areas.

[0020] Fortunately, today, monitoring systems are available to individuals, especially healthcare staff, and with them, the quality of medical care can be somewhat improved. However, one of the major challenges we currently face in monitoring is the leakage of patients' sensitive medical information, which can create serious problems for hospitals and patients. There is also a need for a system that can assist staff in continuous monitoring of vital signs, alerting them with critical warnings, and delivering patients' sensitive information in a timely manner. Such a system would raise the quality of the provided medical care and substantially prevent many human errors that arise from stress and burnout.

[0021] Based on the above points and considering the existing challenges, we have decided to design a "Medical Symptoms Identification Tag" that automatically monitors patients' vital signs using artificial intelligence and, in the event of critical conditions, issues immediate alerts to the intelligent medical symptoms identification tag. This system would improve the efficiency of care processes and enhance patient satisfaction.

[0022] In consideration of occupational burnout and workload concerns, the invention outlines the Advanced Monitoring Analyzer with an AI Processor and NPU that automatically analyzes and interprets patient vital signs data. The Analyzer interfaces with patient monitors, continuously and automatically analyzing and real-time assessing heart rate, blood pressure, temperature, and oxygen level, and tracking and picking up critical changes without constant human oversight. Such automated technology alleviates the mental and observational demands of clinical staff, enabling resource reallocation toward active clinical work, thereby offsetting mental burnout.

[0023] In response to the problem of insufficient continuous monitoring, human error, and delayed reactions to critical events in high-acuity units such as intensive care and emergency departments, the proposed system employs a wirelessly connected wearable Medical Sign Identification Tag that instantly transmits alerts to responsible medical personnel. The tag integrates a full-screen LCD, three-color LED indicators (red, yellow, green), and a vibration motor to provide multimodal alerts—visual, tactile, and textual—according to the severity of the patient’s condition. Additionally, a manual activation button is provided to enable nurses or clinicians to manually trigger alerts in emergencies. This design enhances coordination among the healthcare team, minimizes response time, and prevents treatment delays, ensuring timely interventions in critical situations.

[0024] To address possible cybersecurity incursions and the non-interoperability situation with the hospitals’ information systems, the proposed system utilizes a multi-faceted secure data environment. This includes AES-128 data encryption, two or more authentication factors, and controlled and limited data visibility and accessibility to authorized users. All access and changes made to the electronic records are documented for data quality and regulatory compliance purposes. For immediate access to data, real-time information is stored in the memory, and for system continuity during periodical intervals, off to the network is accessed, historical data is maintained and archived in a secure central data repository. This system’s essence is the guarantee of the security of the information exchanged between the healthcare providers and the patients - confidentiality of the patients’ data, data integrity, and the interoperability of systems.

[0025] The described system delivers a smart and unified solution that lessens the cognitive and physical burden on medical personnel, increases precision in the observation of the patients, boosts communication between professionals, and guarantees safe management of medical information. This creates an improved environment for patients and medical professionals that is safe, efficient, and technologically advanced.

[0026] The “Medical Identification Label for Symptom Finder” incorporates various features designed to address critical needs in medical settings. Automatic patient data monitoring: Using artificial intelligence algorithms to continuously analyze a patient’s vital signs. This capability helps in the rapid detection and prediction of critical events, reduces human error, and enables swift intervention. By continuously analyzing data, the trajectory of each patient’s clinical status—improving or deteriorating—becomes clear, allowing the treatment team to make more targeted decisions. Immediate alert to the physician: Quickly sending critical information via Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, or cellular network to reduce response time. This functionality minimizes the treatment team’s notification delays, reduces the chances of late treatment, and facilitates an immediate response to emergencies. Consequently, the response to important medical events becomes more effective. Manual activation by the nurse: The ability to send an emergency call nurse-physician alert helps nurses streamline communication. This functionality fosters a sense of self-efficacy in emergency team coordination, which empowers healthcare teams to control the emergency response and improve inter-professional coordination during medical emergencies. System staff’s sense of safety and responsiveness is also boosted. Integrating with existing systems: The ability to interface with an array of medical monitoring systems. Synchronizes with current hospital technology, stores and displays continuous underlying data in an integrated manner, avoids duplication, and creates a seamless and efficient user environment. Security and privacy: Data encryption and restricted access to patient information. By protecting confidentiality and data integrity, trust in the technology from patients and institutions is maintained, legal and ethical standards are met, and the risk of data breaches is reduced. User-friendly design: Ease of use with minimal training. A clear user interface and simple navigation ensure continuous use and reduce user errors. This allows the treatment team to focus on the patient’s clinical status rather than the complexity of the technology. Patient information storage: Ability to record and maintain a complete medical history. Maintaining accurate health records, treatment histories, and time-series data enables future review, long-term analyses, and clinical research, while preventing loss of important information. Enhanced communication within the team: The approach led to improved collaboration among the staff and quicker responses in emergencies. Optimized contact and team integration lead to rapid reactions in crucial situations, quick information dissemination, collaborative decisions, and improvements in the quality of care. This might turn the technology into a reliable, effective, and integrated ecosystem for monitoring patients, quickly addressing emergencies, upholding confidentiality, and progressively satisfying the staff and improving clinical outcomes.Fig.1

[0027] The internal device includes: Advanced Monitoring Analyzer (1), Polyurethane body comprised of polyester (2), Single-layer electronic board (3), SIM800L module for wireless communication (4), ESP32 microcontroller (5), AI algorithm processing motor (NPU) (6), Multi-power supply with automatic switching capability (7), Battery management system (8), Ultrasonic distance sensor HC-SR04 (9), LED lamp (10), Lithium-ion battery (11)

[0028] Side view of the device, including: medical indicator / label tag (12) main body made of polycarbonate plastic (13) full LCD panel (14) internal electronic board (15) lithium polymer battery (16) battery charger module (17) vibrator (vibration motor) (18) LED chip (19)

[0029] Side view of the device, including

[0030] manual activation button (20) LAN port (21) Micro USB port (22) brass bushing with M3 internal thread (23)

[0031] Side view of the device, including:

[0032] USB-C port (24) magnetic holder (25) magnet (26)

[0033] Based on the mentioned requirements and considering the existing problems, we decided to design a 'Smart Medical Signs Identification Tag' that automatically monitors patients' vital signs using artificial intelligence, and in case of detecting critical conditions, issues urgent alerts to the smart medical identification tag. This system improves the quality of care processes and patient satisfaction.

[0034] The components of the Symptom Finder Medical Identification Tag System consist of two main parts: (1) an analyzer unit mounted behind the patient monitor, and (2) a tag attached to the nurse or physician's clothing. These two parts interact with each other via encrypted wireless communication and operate independently of the hospital's central monitor," Advanced Monitoring Analyzer" Module. Body structure: The module analyzer body is made of compressed polyester plastic (PET-G) to provide the mechanical, thermal, and electrical properties required in clinical environments. The body dimensions are 100 mm in length, 100 mm in width, and 10 mm in thickness. In the four corners of the body, reinforced screw holes with metal bushings are provided for secure mounting to the monitor body or hospital cart. The recommended screw type is M3 with a length of 10 mm and an ISO standard thread, used together with a nylon washer to prevent loosening and protect the body.

[0035] Inside the body, two vertical threaded supports are provided for mounting the main electronic board (3) on the right side. These stands have an internal thread of M2, and the board is attached to them with M2×6 screws. On the left side of the body, there is a rectangular hole measuring 20×10 millimeters for the passage of UART or LAN cables from the monitor into the module.

[0036] On both sides of the body, ventilation slots with a width of 3 millimeters and a length of 40 millimeters are designed, running horizontally along the length of the body. These slots promote natural air circulation and cooling of internal components such as the processor and the BLE module.

[0037] Inside the base of the body, a compartment measuring 40×20×10 millimeters is provided for installing a lithium-polymer battery, which is secured with a foam anti-vibration strip and an internal plastic clamp. Next to this compartment, there is a designated space for installing a TP4056 charging module with direct access to the microUSB port on the edge of the body.

[0038] The outer surface of the body has a matte, scratch-resistant, and waterproof coating and is resistant to commonly used disinfectants in clinical environments. The body design facilitates quick assembly, proper ventilation, and easy maintenance.

[0039] Multiple power supplies with auto-switching capability: A multi-output power supply rated at 600 watts has been equipped to provide power for all internal electronic components. This power supply supports a mains input with a variable voltage from 100 to 240 V and a frequency of 50 to 60 Hz, and it is mounted inside a metal enclosure at the bottom of the hospital trolley with a 15-degree angle relative to the horizon. This mounting angle is chosen to facilitate natural convection and prevent heat buildup in the confined space.

[0040] The outputs of this supply consist of three separate voltage levels: 12 V at 25 A for powering peripheral equipment, 5 V at 20 A for the central processor and communication modules, and 3.3 V at 15 A for sensors and sensitive circuits. For precise voltage conversion, an internal DC-DC converter with 95% efficiency is used, located in the midsection of the power supply, and equipped with an EMI filter and protection circuitry against short circuits, overcurrent, and high temperature.

[0041] In the event of a mains outage, the system automatically and without interruption switches to the internal battery. This process is performed using an electronically controlled relay driven by a microcontroller, with a switching time of less than 10 milliseconds, so there is no disruption to the processor operation or BLE communication.

[0042] The internal battery is a Li-polymer type with a capacity of 20,000 mAh and a nominal voltage of 11.1 V. It is installed in a dedicated compartment on the base of the module and secured with a foam anti-vibration strip and an internal plastic clamp. The battery dimensions are 15 × 10 × 2.5 cm, and its weight is approximately 850 g. The battery supports fast charging up to 100 W, allowing a charge from 0 to 80 percent in 45 minutes. Its expected life is over 1000 charge-discharge cycles, preserving at least 80% of the initial capacity.

[0043] To ensure precise battery performance control, an advanced Battery Management System (BMS) is used, including temperature, voltage, and current sensors. This system communicates with the central processor via the SMBus protocol and sends real-time battery information to the BMS analyzer software. Next to the battery, the side board is mounted and fixed to the internal body via M2×5 screws.

[0044] In the portable version of the module, a smaller battery with a capacity of 1000 to 1500 mAh and a voltage of 3.7 V is used. These batteries are installed in an internal compartment of the body with dimensions 30×40 millimeters and are sufficient to power the processor and BLE. Charging of these batteries is performed through a TP4056 module, installed on the edge of the body and powered via a microUSB port. The input voltage of the module is between 4.5 and 5.5 volts, and typically, a 5V USB adapter is used. The charging voltage is 4.2 volts, and the charging current is adjustable between 0.1 and 1 A. To set the current, resistor R1 on the TP4056 module is implemented, and at a 1 A current, its value is 1.2 kΩ. The internal protection circuitry of the module includes protections against overcharging, overheating, and short circuits, and its output is designed for Li-ion or Li-Po batteries.

[0045] Electrical connections between the TP4056 module and the battery are made directly; the input terminals (VCC and GND) are connected to the 5V supply and ground, and the output terminals BAT+ and BAT− are connected to the positive and negative terminals of the battery. This design ensures that the analyzer module's power supply remains stable and safe under all operating conditions, whether in fixed or portable mode.

[0046] Electronic module board: A single-layer (one-sided) electronic board (3) is considered to connect and support the main electronic components, such as the processor, BLE module, signal inputs, and power circuit. This board is precisely sized at 80 mm in length and 40 mm in width and is mounted on the right side of the module body on two internal threaded standoffs. The connection of the board to the standoffs is done with standard M2 screws of 6 mm length, entering vertically from the top and secured with nylon washers to prevent loosening.

[0047] The board is made of CEM-1 type fibrous paper (fiber) due to its suitable electrical and thermal properties for medical environments with high temperature and humidity fluctuations. The board surface features a continuous copper layer on the underside, in which all interconnections between components are implemented. These traces are designed with a standard thickness of 35 microns to transfer operating currents without voltage drop.

[0048] To protect the copper traces and increase board durability, a green solder mask layer is applied on the board surface, which not only prevents oxidation but also prevents unintended connections between traces during soldering. Silk screen markings are also printed in white on this layer to indicate the exact component placements, pin numbers, and orientation for industrial assembly.

[0049] In the four corners of the board, 3 mm diameter holes are provided, spaced from the edges at standard distances, for mounting to the main body. These holes are reinforced with copper rings to withstand mechanical pressure from installation and maintenance. The board design ensures that the interconnections between the processor, BLE, signal input, and power supply are implemented efficiently with minimal electromagnetic interference and provides sufficient space for adding peripheral modules if expansion is needed.

[0050] Module and microcontroller embedded in the module connected to the monitor: The SIM800L communication module (4) is used as the notification transmission unit over the GSM network. This module, measuring 25×23×2.5 mm and weighing approximately 8 g, is mounted on the left side of the main electronic board and connected to the processor's UART traces using standard soldering pins. Its installation location is chosen so that the external antenna aligns with the body's ventilation slot to optimize signal quality.

[0051] The SIM800L operates with a supply voltage between 3.4 and 4.4 V, with an optimal operating point at 4 V. When sending SMS or making a voice call, its current can rise up to 2 A, while in standby mode, the current is less than 20 mA. Therefore, the internal power supply must be capable of delivering high peak current, and the module's power path is designed through a DC-DC regulator with a capacity of 2.5 A.

[0052] The module operates in GSM frequencies 850, 900, 1800, and 1900 MHz and supports TCP / IP, UDP, HTTP, and FTP protocols. Its capabilities include sending and receiving SMS, making voice calls, internet access via GPRS, and executing AT Commands. Some advanced versions of this module also feature an internal GPS, which can be used for locating patients or staff when needed.

[0053] To connect to the central processor, a UART interface is used. The SIM800L module's TX pin connects to the ESP32 processor's RX pin (5), and the module's RX pin connects to the processor's TX pin. This connection is made through copper traces on the board with appropriate spacing to minimize noise. The UART communication speed for this module is 115,200 bits per second, and it can be initialized with default settings in the Arduino IDE or PlatformIO development environments.

[0054] The ESP32 processor is mounted at the center of the electronic board and, with dimensions of 18×20×3 mm, is soldered as an SMD module onto the board. This dual-core processor runs at a maximum frequency of 240 MHz, and includes digital signal processing (DSP) capabilities, 18 ADC channels with 12-bit accuracy, 2 DAC channels with 8-bit accuracy, 16 PWM channels, 10 touch pins, and SPI, UART, and I2C interfaces. Its wireless features include Wi-Fi (IEEE 802.11 b / g / n) and classic Bluetooth plus BLE, which are used for communication with the tag.

[0055] The operating voltage of the ESP32 ranges from 2.2 to 3.6 V, and its maximum operating current is about 80 mA. The wireless frequency is 2.4 GHz, and the operating temperature range is from -40 to +85 degrees Celsius. The processor has 520 KB of SRAM and 4 MB of Flash, which are more than sufficient for running vital sign analysis algorithms and managing communications.

[0056] After hardware connections, the libraries for SIM800L are installed in the development environment. These libraries include functions for sending SMS, making calls, and connecting to the internet, controlled via AT commands and the serial interface. With these steps, the SIM800L module is fully integrated with the ESP32 processor, enabling sending critical alerts to predefined numbers.

[0057] Artificial intelligence or machine learning algorithm processing engine: An external Neural Processing Unit (NPU) with a computational power of 16 TOPS is considered the central processing engine (6). This unit is mounted as a side board with dimensions 60×40 mm in the middle section of the module body and connects to the main board via high-speed PCIe or SPI interfaces. Its mounting pins are attached to four threaded points on the floor of the internal housing using M2×5 screws and covered with thermal foam to prevent heat transfer to other components.

[0058] The NPU is designed to run deep learning models and perform real-time analysis of patients' vital signals, supporting 8-bit and 16-bit quantized formats. Its internal libraries include optimized versions of TensorFlow Lite and OpenVINO for fast, low-power processing in embedded environments. The system's main software runs on a Real-Time Linux-based operating system and is accompanied by a customized graphical user interface in Qt Quick. This interface is accessible via an external display or touch panel and enables management of alarms, users, and system status.

[0059] To manage communications among the system's components, a lightweight middleware based on the MQTT protocol is used, responsible for data exchange between the analyzer module, tags, and the central database. This middleware uses end-to-end encryption and provides over-the-air (OTA) software updates. The update process is performed through a secure server, and update files are digitally authenticated before being installed on the NPU.

[0060] In the software section, the algorithms for defining alarms and managing users are implemented in a modular way within the Linux environment. First, signal data are received from the communication modules via UART, I2C, and SPI. The corresponding code is loaded into the NPU and is responsible for converting raw data into a format suitable for analysis. Then the signal analysis algorithm runs, including noise filtering, feature extraction, and identification of critical patterns such as oxygen drop, cardiac arrhythmia, or elevated body temperature. These algorithms use pre-trained machine learning models stored in the NPU's internal memory.

[0061] After detecting a critical condition, alarms are sent to the tag via BLE or MQTT protocols. The code for sending notifications includes the patient ID, the type of status, and the alert time; if needed, the alert message is displayed on the tag's OLED display.

[0062] In the user management section, a simple graphical interface is designed for entering physician information, featuring touch buttons and a virtual keyboard. Entered information is stored in predefined variables, and after confirmation, the relevant alarms are allocated to the monitors connected to the physician based on their IDs. For storing user information and alarms, SQLite and MySQL databases are used, with CRUD (Create, Read, Update, Delete) functions implemented. This database can run locally on Flash memory or in the cloud on the central server and communicates with the main software via internal APIs.

[0063] This design ensures that the AI processing engine in the analyzer module not only analyzes physiological data accurately but also operates securely, with scalability, and manageability in real clinical environments.

[0064] Built-in odometer module: A distance measurement unit (9) is embedded that uses the HC-SR04 ultrasonic module to detect the physical position of surrounding objects. This module is mounted on the edge of the body behind the ventilation slot, so its acoustic field has an unobstructed line of sight and can accurately measure the distance to the monitor, wall, or adjacent objects. Its installation location is integrated inside a protective plastic housing designed to be attached to the body with M2×4 screws to prevent vibration or physical damage.

[0065] The HC-SR04 module consists of two ultrasonic sensors; one is responsible for generating the 40 kHz ultrasonic pulse, and the other listens for the reflected sound after the pulse is emitted. By measuring the round-trip time of the pulse, the distance to the object is computed. This process works with high accuracy in a range from 2 cm to 4 meters, and its measurement angle is about 15 degrees, which is suitable for constrained environments such as behind the monitor.

[0066] The operating voltage of this module is 5V DC, and its current consumption in the active state is about five mA. The module is powered from the ESP32 processor's 5V output and connected to the electronic board via four standard pins:

[0067] VCC pin powers the module and is directly connected to the board's 5V output.

[0068] The GND pin is connected to the board's common ground and is tied to the reference point through a protected copper trace.

[0069] The trig pin activates the transmitter section and, by sending a 10-microsecond pulse from the processor, generates the acoustic wave.

[0070] The echo pin goes high after receiving the reflected wave, and its duration is measured by the processor to calculate the distance.

[0071] This module connects directly to the central processor and sends distance data to the analyzer software in numeric form. Its role in the system includes determining the physical position of the module relative to the monitor or trolley, verifying correct installation, and, in some versions, detecting movement or the presence of personnel within a defined distance. If needed, distance-detection algorithms can be combined with other biometric data to play a role in the system's intelligent decision-making.

[0072] Manual activation button built into the module: The manual activation button (19) is embedded and plays a key role in emergency startup or system performance testing. This button is an industrial push-button switch with a contact face diameter of 16 mm, mounted in a protective housing measuring 30×30 mm with a height of 20 mm. Its location is on the top edge of the module body, on the right side of the central processor, to provide quick and easy access for medical staff.

[0073] The force required to activate this button is only 10 newtons, easily achieved with fingertip pressure, and suitable for use in clinical environments while wearing gloves. Its mechanical design is such that its operational life is estimated to exceed 500,000 press-and-release cycles, and it is resistant to moisture, dust, and disinfectants.

[0074] Inside the button housing, an RGB LED is installed to visually indicate the system's status. Red indicates a critical alert state, such as severe oxygen drop or cardiac arrhythmia, while yellow indicates a relatively serious state, such as elevated body temperature or low blood pressure. This light display is controlled via PWM by the ESP32 processor and can be programmed to show green or blue for normal or ready states if needed.

[0075] The electrical connection of the button is made to the main board through two digital pins: one for receiving the push signal and another for controlling the internal LED. The connection pins are wired with shielded wires to the processor's GPIO traces, and when activated, a software interrupt is generated in the system, leading to an immediate alert being sent to the tag or the status being recorded in the database.

[0076] This button serves as a human-machine interface (HMI) in the system design and provides manual activation of the medical signaling device in emergencies or for performance testing.

[0077] "Medical alert label. "The main body of the label: The main body is designed to be light, durable, and compatible with clinical environmental conditions. The tag body (11) is made of polycarbonate, a material with high resistance to impact, temperature changes, and sanitizing agents. The body dimensions are 75×25 mm with a thickness of about 8 mm. The edges are curved to prevent snagging on clothing or skin, and on the back, there is a spring clip with a silicone coating for secure mounting on clothing.

[0078] Full-screen LCD panel: In the front section of the body, a full-screen Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) (12) is mounted, integrated with the same body dimensions. This display features low power consumption and readability in low light, enabling the presentation of text, numbers, and color-coded alerts. The LCD panel is enclosed in a scratch-resistant transparent polycarbonate frame and is fixed inside the body with industrial adhesive and two threaded screws.

[0079] Internal electronic board: Inside the body, a single-layer electronic board (13) measuring 60×20 mm is located and is mounted on two internal threaded pins with M2×4 screws. The board is made of CEM-1 fiber and includes a copper layer for electrical connections. A green protective print is on the board to prevent oxidation of the traces, along with a component-placement guide print for precise assembly. The GPIO, power, and connections to the display and battery are implemented on this same board.

[0080] Battery installed in the medical signage tag

[0081] The tag's power source is a 150 mAh lithium-polymer (14) battery with an operating voltage range of 3.2 to 4.5 V. This battery, sized 20×10×3 mm, is housed in the lower part of the body beneath the electronic board and fixed with a vibration-damping foam tape. Its lightweight and compact dimensions help keep the tag lightweight and portable. Next to the battery, a dedicated charging input is provided, which connects to a power source via a USB Type-C port.

[0082] Medical Tag Battery Charger Module: The built-in charger module of the tag uses a TC4056 (15) charging controller chip, specifically designed for lithium-ion and lithium-polymer batteries. This module is mounted on the electronic board and is powered via a USB Type-C port. Its input voltage is 5 V DC, and its output is 3.7 V with a maximum current of 1 A, ensuring fast and safe charging. On the module, there are two status LEDs: a red LED for the charging-in-progress state and a blue LED for fully charged. These indicators are visible through a transparent window on the edge of the body, allowing the user to monitor the battery status in real time.Examples

[0083] To describe the implementation method and how to use the "Symptom Detection Medical Identification Label", the following steps are explained in detail, from installation in the hospital environment to its operation: Installation in a hospital environment، Equipment preparation:

[0084] Based on the outlined steps, the medical symptom-detecting identification tag system in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) has been fully deployed and operationalized in the following manner.

[0085] Installation in the Hospital Environment

[0086] Preparation: The symptom-detecting medical tag and advanced monitoring analyzer were unpacked, batteries fully charged, and the components (SIM800L and ESP32) were tested for operational integrity.

[0087] Analyzer Placement: The device was fixed near the patient's bed and attached to the hospital's central monitoring system.

[0088] Network Connectivity: The modules were connected to the hospital Wi-Fi, and a backup SIM card was inserted.

[0089] Configuration: The system was populated with patient demographics (heart rate, blood pressure, body temperature, and medical history).

[0090] Staff Training: The duty nurse was trained on the three-color LED indicators, which also included a system command triggering the device and an audible alarm in the nursing station, and the system of vibration alerts and the LCD.

[0091] System Performance in Critical Condition

[0092] Analyzers equipped with AI performed a sudden spike in detection wherein the heart rate increased, blood pressure decreased, and categorized the scenario as a critical risk level.

[0093] Instant alert was activated:

[0094] Tag LED: flashing red.

[0095] Internal vibrator: strong vibration pulse.

[0096] An alert was sent through Wi-Fi and SIM card to the attending physician.

[0097] LCD display: real-time display of vital signs and a manually activated system. The nurse pressed the button on the analyzer to trigger the audible alarm in the nursing station.

[0098] Outcome: Physician arrived promptly, administered medication, and the patient stabilized.

[0099] System Log: Detection and response timestamps (available for review)

[0100] 3. Transfer to Emergency Department and Continued Monitoring

[0101] The patient was experiencing severe shortness of breath and was transferred to the emergency department. The system was rapidly redeployed:

[0102] The analyzer was placed beside the emergency bed, and the system was connected via a SIM card network (no Wi-Fi was required).

[0103] A medical tag is attached to the patient's wrist.

[0104] Performance in Emergency:

[0105] Drop in blood oxygen, yellow alert vibration, nurse-initiated oxygen therapy.

[0106] Further severe drop, red alert, continuous vibration message to the pulmonologist.

[0107] Data is securely encrypted and stored in the server, synchronized with the electronic health record.

[0108] Outcome: Patient connected to a mechanical ventilator promptly.

[0109] 4. Post-Discharge Outpatient Monitoring Clinic

[0110] After discharge, for unstable blood glucose monitoring, the tag was worn as a wristband and the analyzer was in the nurse's portable kit: connected via a dedicated SIM card.

[0111] Outpatient Performance:

[0112] Severe blood glucose drop, red alert vibration.

[0113] The nurse viewed the exact value on the LCD display and administered a glucagon injection.

[0114] Data is automatically saved to the patient's electronic health record.

[0115] The invention mentioned is applicable in the medical equipment industry, especially in the emergency and monitoring equipment sector. The designed device can be used in hospitals, medical centers, and any place where a medical monitoring device is located.Patent Literature

[0116] patent US10973،471B2، "INTEGRATED MEDICAL DEVICE AND HOME BASED SYSTEM TO MEASURE AND REPORT VITAL PATENT PHYSIOLOGICAL DATA VIA TELEMEDICINE ", United States Patent and Trademark Office.

[0117] patent US11082786، " PATIENT MONITOR ALARM SPEAKER" ANALYZER , United States Patent and Trademark Office.

[0118] patent US11696682B2، MESH NETWORK PERSONAL EMERGENCY RESPONSE APPLIANCE ", United States Patent and Trademark Office.

[0119] patent US20220277849A1، "WELLNESS ANALYSIS SYSTEM" , United States Patent and Trademark Office.

[0120] patent US10043592B1 "، SYSTEM, MEDICAL ITEM INCLUDING RFID CHIP, SERVER AND METHOD FOR CAPTURING MEDICAL DATA" , United States Patent and Trademark Office

[0121] patent US9523534B2 ، "COMPUTER CONTROLLED AND MONITORED MEDICAL STORAGE SYSTEM" , United States Patent and Trademark OfficeNon Patent Literature

[0122] Bassin L, Raubenheimer J, Bell D. The implementation of a real time early warning system using machine learning in an Australian hospital to improve patient outcomes. Resuscitation. 2023;188:109821.

Claims

A Clinical information analyzer device and a medical indicator / marker tag, comprising:At least two boards; the first board is for connection and mounting on the right side of the clinical information analyzer module’s housing, and the second board is for data transmission inside the tag housing At least three modules; the first module is for transmitting information to the clinical information analyzer board, the second module for measuring distance is embedded in the clinical information analyzer housing, and the third module for establishing communication is embedded at the upper edge of the tag housing A dedicated neural processing unit for running AI models in the middle section of the clinical information analyzer module housing Middleware for managing communications on the neural processing unit of the clinical information analyzer At least one alarm / alert algorithm for defining alarms and user management, stored in the internal memory of the dedicated neural processing unit of the clinical information analyzer A manual activation button for emergency start by the user on the clinical analyzer module A two-foot digital device (two-pin digital device) that triggers an immediate alert to the medical indicator / marker tag and is connected to the processor’s GPIO lines A simple graphical user interface accessible on the external display inside the clinical information analyzer, enabling entry, editing, and deletion of identifiers A magnetic coupling system to attach the medical identification tag to personnel clothing on the back of the tag housing At least two LED indicator panels; the first panel displays various parameters on the front of the medical identification marker tag, and the second panel indicates patient statuses along the top edge of the tag housing next to the tag’s display An ultrasonic sensor embedded in the tag to measure distance A multi-function pushbutton to power down the medical identification tag on the side edge of the tag housing A vibration motor to provide haptic alerts at the lower corner of the medical identification tag housing.The Clinical information analyzer device and a medical indicator / marker tag, according to claim 1, wherein:At least three communication modules; the first module is mounted on the clinical information analyzer board and is responsible for sending and receiving messages, making voice calls, internet connectivity via GPRS, and executing AT Commands. Some advanced versions of this module also include internal GPS for locating patients or staff when needed; the second module is placed in the housing of the clinical information analyzer to determine the physical position of the module relative to the monitor or cart, verify correct installation, and in some versions, detect movement or presence of personnel within a specified distance; the third module is embedded at the upper edge of the medical indicator / marker tag to communicate with the clinical information analyzer and to locate personnel in healthcare environments or to send emergency messages from the tag.The Clinical information analyzer device and a medical indicator / marker tag, according to each of claims 1 to 2, wherein:The dedicated neural processing unit (NPU) for executing machine learning models and real-time analysis of patients’ vital signals is installed in the middle section of the housing of the clinical information analyzer.The Clinical information analyzer device and a medical indicator / marker tag, according to each of claims 1 to 3, wherein:The MQTT-based middleware, responsible for data exchange among the analyzer module, the tag, and the central database, is installed on the neural processing unit (NPU) of the clinical information analyzer.The Clinical information analyzer device and a medical indicator / marker tag, according to each of claims 1 to 4, wherein:At least one algorithm related to defining alarms and user management, for identifying critical patterns such as hypoxemia, cardiac arrhythmia, or elevated body temperature, is stored in the internal memory of the dedicated neural processing unit of the clinical information analyzer.The Clinical information analyzer device and a medical indicator / marker tag, according to each of claims 1 to 5, wherein:The ultrasonic sensor is embedded as the distance measurement unit to determine the physical position of the clinician relative to the patient at the housing of the clinical information analyzer.The Clinical information analyzer device and a medical indicator / marker tag, according to each of claims 1 to 6, wherein:The manual activation button, serving as the Human-Machine Interface (HMI) in the system design, enables the manual activation of the medical indicator / tag in emergency situations or for functionality testing and is mounted on the body of the clinical information analyzer.The Clinical information analyzer device and a medical indicator / marker tag, according to each of claims 1 to 7, wherein:The manual activation button includes two digital pins connected to the processor’s GPIO lines, enabling immediate notification to the medical indicator / tag.The Clinical information analyzer device and a medical indicator / marker tag, according to each of claims 1 to 8, wherein:The simple graphical user interface, accessible on the external display or touch panel of the clinical information analyzer, enables entry, editing, and deletion of patient identifiers.The Clinical information analyzer device and a medical indicator / marker tag, according to each of claims 1 to 9, wherein:The magnetic coupling system attaches the medical indicator / tag to clinical staff clothing, such that this magnetic mechanism allows the tag to be securely and safely attached to the clothing without damaging the fabric, without the need for holes or mechanical clips, and enables quick transfer, repositioning, or detachment in emergencies; installed on the back of the tag housing.The Clinical information analyzer device and a medical indicator / marker tag, according to each of claims 1 to 10, wherein:At least two light warning indicator panels are embedded; the first panel, on the front of the medical indicator / tag housing, provides low-power consumption readability in low light and enables display of text, numbers, and color alerts; the second panel is placed at the top edge of the medical indicator / tag housing beside the display to indicate various patient statuses.The Clinical information analyzer device and a medical indicator / marker tag, according to each of claims 1 to 11, wherein:The ultrasonic sensor is embedded as the distance measurement unit to measure the distance at which the physician approaches the patient, and to record that distance; this mechanism is used to detect tag fall-off, detachment from clothing, or excessive proximity to the monitor, installed inside the medical indicator / tag housing.The Clinical information analyzer device and a medical indicator / marker tag, according to each of claims 1 to 12, wherein:The multi-function pushbutton, to power down the medical indicator / tag by holding this button for 3 seconds, putting the processor into the deep sleep mode, and reducing power consumption to less than 1 microampere, is installed on the side edge of the tag housing.The Clinical information analyzer device and a medical indicator / marker tag, according to each of claims 1 to 13, wherein:The vibration motor provides the haptic alert that activates for 2 seconds upon receiving the alarm, mounted at the lower corner of the medical indicator / tag housing.The Clinical information analyzer device and a medical indicator / marker tag, according to each of claims 1 to 14, wherein:AI algorithms capable of identifying critical states including hypoxemia (SpO2 drop), cardiac arrhythmia, elevated body temperature, hypotension, and sudden changes in respiratory rate; these algorithms analyze multivariate relationships among these variables to identify various disease states such as hypovolemic shock, sepsis, or respiratory failure, and personalize and dynamically adjust alarm thresholds based on each patient’s medical history including age, gender, and underlying conditions.The Clinical information analyzer device and a medical indicator / marker tag, according to each of claims 1 to 15, wherein:The system has data encryption capability with AES-128 encryption and multi-factor access control to protect sensitive patient information.The Clinical information analyzer device and a medical indicator / marker tag, according to each of claims 1 to 16, wherein:The system is capable of simultaneously managing at least eight active tags via the BLE 5.0 protocol.The Clinical information analyzer device and a medical indicator / marker tag, according to each of claims 1 to 17, wherein:The medical indicator / tag has a full-color LCD display capable of showing patient information and color alerts.

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