Methods, devices, and systems for unmanned aerial vehicle information reporting and authorization
The implementation of UAV information reporting and authorization mechanisms enhances network coordination and resource allocation for UAVs, addressing identification and authorization challenges, thereby improving communication efficiency and reliability.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- ZTE CORP
- Filing Date
- 2024-10-15
- Publication Date
- 2026-04-23
AI Technical Summary
Existing wireless communication systems face challenges in identifying and authorizing unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), particularly in managing network resources efficiently and ensuring reliable communication in sensitive locations.
Implementing mechanisms for UAV information reporting and authorization, including subscription-based identification, altitude-based reporting, interference detection, flight path information, and support for BRID and DAA, to enhance network coordination and resource allocation for UAVs.
Improves resource utilization efficiency and versatile applicability of wireless communication systems by accurately identifying and authorizing UAVs, enabling better service and monitoring capabilities.
Smart Images

Figure CN2024124881_23042026_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
METHODS, DEVICES, AND SYSTEMS FOR UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLE INFORMATION REPORTING AND AUTHORIZATIONTECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present disclosure is directed generally to wireless communications. Particularly, the present disclosure relates to methods, devices, and systems for unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) information reporting and authorization.BACKGROUND
[0002] Wireless communication technologies are moving the world toward an increasingly connected and networked society. High-speed, low-latency, and versatile wireless communications rely on efficient network resource management and allocation between user equipment and wireless access network nodes (including but not limited to base stations) . A new generation network is expected to provide high speed, low latency and ultra-reliable communication capabilities and fulfill the requirements from different industries and users.
[0003] In some implementations, unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) technology and its related productions may be used by common consumers. However, there are some issues / problems associated with UAV technology. For non-limiting examples, some problems include how a user equipment (UE) reports being a UAV / UAV-like device, and / or how a network (NW) identifies / authorizes the reported information from the UE.
[0004] The present disclosure describes various embodiments for UAV information reporting and authorization, addressing at least one of the issues / problems discussed above, enhancing the capability of the wireless communication system and / or improving coordination for UAV, which improves the efficiency and / or performance of the wireless communication.SUMMARY
[0005] This document relates to methods, systems, and devices for wireless communication, and more specifically, for UAV information reporting and authorization. Various embodiments in the present disclosure may increase the resource utilization efficiency, and / or improve versatile applicability of the wireless communication and / or of user equipment.
[0006] In one embodiment, the present disclosure describes a method for wireless communication. The method includes receiving, by a radio access network (RAN) , a first NG application protocol (NGAP) message comprising unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) confirmation information from a core network (CN) , wherein: the CN receives UAV information about a user equipment (UE) , and in response to the UAV information passing an authorization check, the CN is configured to transmit the first NGAP message comprising the UAV confirmation information to the RAN.
[0007] In another embodiment, the present disclosure describes a method for wireless communication. The method includes receiving, by a core network (CN) , unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) information about a user equipment (UE) ; performing, by the CN, an authorization check on the UAV information; in response to the UAV information passing the authorization check, transmitting, by the CN, a first NGAP message comprising UAV confirmation information to a radio access network (RAN) .
[0008] In some other embodiments, an apparatus for wireless communication may include a memory storing instructions and at least one processing circuitry in communication with the memory. When the at least one processing circuitry executes the instructions, the at least one processing circuitry is configured to carry out any of the methods above and / or in the present disclosure.
[0009] In some other embodiments, a device for wireless communication may include a memory storing instructions and at least one processing circuitry in communication with the memory. When the at least one processing circuitry executes the instructions, the at least one processing circuitry is configured to carry out any of the methods above and / or in the present disclosure.
[0010] In some other embodiments, a computer-readable medium comprising instructions which, when executed by a computer, cause the computer to carry out the methods above and / or in the present disclosure. The computer-readable medium may be a non-transitory computer-readable medium.
[0011] In some other embodiments, a computer program product comprising a computer-readable program medium code stored thereupon, the computer-readable program medium code, when executed by at least one processor, causing the at least one processor to implement any of the methods above and / or in the present disclosure. The computer program product may be a non-transitory computer program product. The computer-readable program medium code may be a non-transitory computer-readable program medium code.
[0012] The above and other aspects and their implementations are described in greater detail in the drawings, the descriptions, and the claims.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0013] FIG. 1A shows a schematic diagram of a wireless communication system.
[0014] FIG. 1B shows a schematic diagram of a base station.
[0015] FIG. 1C shows another schematic diagram of a base station.
[0016] FIG. 2 shows an example of a network node.
[0017] FIG. 3 shows an example of a user equipment.
[0018] FIG. 4A shows a flow diagram of a method for wireless communication.
[0019] FIG. 4B shows a flow diagram of another method for wireless communication.
[0020] FIG. 5 shows a flow diagram of an exemplary embodiment for wireless communication.
[0021] FIG. 6 shows a flow diagram of another exemplary embodiment for wireless communication.
[0022] FIG. 7 shows a flow diagram of another exemplary embodiment for wireless communication.
[0023] FIG. 8 shows a flow diagram of another exemplary embodiment for wireless communication.
[0024] FIG. 9 shows a flow diagram of another exemplary embodiment for wireless communication.
[0025] FIG. 10 shows a flow diagram of another exemplary embodiment for wireless communication.DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0026] The present disclosure will now be described in detail hereinafter with reference to the accompanied drawings, which form a part of the present disclosure, and which show, by way of illustration, specific examples of embodiments. Please note that the present disclosure may, however, be embodied in a variety of different forms and, therefore, the covered or claimed subject matter is intended to be construed as not being limited to any of the embodiments to be set forth below.
[0027] Throughout the specification and claims, terms may have nuanced meanings suggested or implied in context beyond an explicitly stated meaning. Likewise, the phrase “in one embodiment” or “in some embodiments” as used herein does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment and the phrase “in another embodiment” or “in other embodiments” as used herein does not necessarily refer to a different embodiment. The phrase “in one implementation” or “in some implementations” as used herein does not necessarily refer to the same implementation and the phrase “in another implementation” or “in other implementations” as used herein does not necessarily refer to a different implementation. It is intended, for example, that claimed subject matter includes combinations of exemplary embodiments or implementations in whole or in part.
[0028] In general, terminology may be understood at least in part from usage in context. For example, terms, such as “and” , “or” , or “and / or, ” as used herein may include a variety of meanings that may depend at least in part upon the context in which such terms are used. Typically, “or” if used to associate a list, such as A, B or C, is intended to mean A, B, and C, here used in the inclusive sense, as well as A, B or C, here used in the exclusive sense. In addition, the term “one or more” or “at least one” as used herein, depending at least in part upon context, may be used to describe any feature, structure, or characteristic in a singular sense or may be used to describe combinations of features, structures or characteristics in a plural sense. Similarly, terms, such as “a” , “an” , or “the” , again, may be understood to convey a singular usage or to convey a plural usage, depending at least in part upon context. In addition, the term “based on” or “determined by” may be understood as not necessarily intended to convey an exclusive set of factors and may, instead, allow for existence of additional factors not necessarily expressly described, again, depending at least in part on context.
[0029] The present disclosure describes various embodiments for unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) information reporting and authorization.
[0030] Wireless communication technologies are moving the world toward an increasingly connected and networked society. High-speed, low-latency, and versatile wireless communications rely on efficient network resource management and allocation between user equipment and wireless access network nodes (including but not limited to base stations) . A new generation network is expected to provide high speed, low latency and ultra-reliable communication capabilities and fulfill the requirements from different industries and users.
[0031] In some implementations, unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) technology and its related productions may be used by common consumers. However, there are some issues / problems associated with UAV technology. For non-limiting examples, some problems include how a user equipment (UE) reports being a UAV / UAV-like device, and / or how a network (NW) identifies / authorizes the reported information from the UE. The applicable condition may include a UAV in a certain serving area, especially in some sensitive location (e.g. urban, railway station, airport, etc. ) .
[0032] The present disclosure describes various embodiments for UAV information reporting and authorization, addressing at least one of the issues / problems discussed above, enhancing the capability of the wireless communication system and / or improving coordination for UAV, which improves the efficiency and / or performance of the wireless communication. The present disclosure introduces new mechanism on how a UE reports that it is a UAV / UAV-like device and / or how a NW identifies / authorizes the UE reported information. Based on the new introduced function, the UE may directly notice the NW that it is a UAV / UAV-like device, and the NW may check whether the UE is an authorized UAV / UAV-like device. With the further authorization, the NW may use specific configuration / strategy towards UAV / UAV-like devices, leading to better service and / or monitoring capability.
[0033] In some implementations, a new radio (NR) may support aerial UE communication with specific aerial related functions. NR connectivity for UEs capable of aerial communication is supported via a portion or all of the following functionalities: subscription-based aerial UE identification and authorization; altitude reporting based on the measurement event (s) where the UE's altitude has crossed a network-configured reference altitude threshold; altitude-dependent configurations which apply only to specific altitude regions; interference detection based on a measurement reporting that is triggered when a configured number of cells (i.e. larger than one) fulfils the triggering criteria simultaneously; signalling of flight path information from UE to NG-RAN and from the source gNB to target gNB during handover; location information reporting, including UE's horizontal and vertical velocity; and / or transmitting of BRID and DAA messages via PC5 interface.
[0034] Some implementations include subscription-based identification of aerial UE. Support for aerial UE functions may be stored in the user's subscription information in united data management (UDM) . UDM transfers this information to an access and mobility management function (AMF) during registration, service request and mobility registration update procedures. In some implementations, the Aerial UE subscription information can be provided by the AMF to the NG-RAN node via the NGAP INITIAL CONTEXT SETUP REQUEST message during the Registration, Mobility Registration Update and Service Request procedures. The subscription information can also be updated via the next generation application protocol (NGAP) UE Context Modification procedure and NGAP Path Switch Request procedure. In addition, for Xn-based handover, the source NG-RAN node can include the Aerial UE subscription information in the XnAP HANDOVER REQUEST message and RETRIEVE UE CONTEXT RESPONSE message to the target NG-RAN node. In some implementations, for intra-and inter-AMF NG-based handover, the AMF provides the Aerial UE subscription information to the target NG-RAN node after the handover procedure.
[0035] Some implementations include altitude-based reporting for aerial UE communication. An Aerial UE can be configured with altitude-dependent, event-based measurement reporting (i.e., eventH1 and eventH2) . An Aerial UE sends a measurement report when its altitude becomes higher or lower than configured threshold. The UE includes its altitude and location information in the measurement report if configured to do so by NG-RAN. RSRP / RSRQ / SINR measurement results are always reported when height reporting is configured. In some implementations, the Aerial UE can also be configured to trigger measurement reporting only when both an altitude-dependent condition and an RSRP / RSRQ / SINR-based condition are met (i.e., eventA3H1, eventA3H2, eventA4H1, eventA4H2, eventA5H1 and eventA5H2, commonly denoted as eventAxHy) . For the content of eventAxHy measurement report, the same rules as described above for eventH1 and eventH2 apply.
[0036] Some implementations include altitude-dependent configurations for aerial UE communication. An Aerial UE can be configured with multiple altitude-dependent configurations, each of which is applied in its corresponding altitude range. Altitude-dependent configurations can be provided independently in measurement object (i.e. SSB-ToMeasureAltitudeBased) and an Aerial UE uses those when in RRC_CONNECTED.
[0037] Some implementations include interference detection and mitigation for aerial UE communication. For interference detection, an Aerial UE can be configured with RRM event A3, A4, A5 or AxHy that triggers measurement report when individual (per cell) RSRP / RSRQ / SINR values (for events A3, A4, A5) or RSRP / RSRQ / SINR and measured Aerial UE's altitude (for events AxHy) for a configured number of cells fulfil the configured event. Once such condition is met and a measurement report is sent, the list of triggered cells is updated when subsequent cell (s) fulfil the event. However, further measurement reports are not sent while the list of triggered cells remains larger than or equal to the configured number of cells unless reportOnLeave is configured.
[0038] Some implementations include flight path information reporting for aerial UE communication. NG-RAN can request the Aerial UE to report flight path information based on the indication from the Aerial UE that flight path information is available or without such indication from the Aerial UE. Flight path information consists of a number of waypoints defined as 3D locations. Aerial UE reports up to a configured number of waypoints if flight path information is available at the UE. The report can also contain a time stamp per waypoint if configured by the NG-RAN and if available at the UE. In some implementations, the flight path information can be also provided by the source gNB to the target gNB during handover. If configured by the NG-RAN and if the associated distance-or time-based condition (e.g., flightPathUpdateDistanceThr and flightPathUpdateTimeThr, respectively) for indication reporting are met for any of the waypoints, the Aerial UE indicates the availability of the updated flight path information. The Aerial UE can also indicate the availability of the updated flight path information if a new waypoint has been added or if a future waypoint has been removed from the flight path information.
[0039] Some implementations include location reporting for aerial UE communication. Location information for Aerial UE communication can include horizontal and vertical speed if configured. Location information can be included in RRM report and in altitude-based reporting.
[0040] Some implementations include BRID and DAA support via A2X communication. The Aerial UE supports A2X communication. BRID relies on broadcasting while DAA can be provided either via unicast or broadcast transmissions in NR sidelink. BRID and DAA message transmission is supported in both in-coverage and out-of-coverage scenarios and relies only on UE autonomous resource selection for NR sidelink communication. In some implementations, BRID and DAA follow the QoS framework defined for NR sidelink and dedicated A2X PQI values are pre-defined and stored. The NG-RAN can configure a separate SL Tx resource pool for BRID and DAA, while the procedure for SL Tx pool selection for A2X may be specified.
[0041] FIG. 1A shows an example of cellular wireless communication network 100 (also referred to as wireless communication system) that includes a core network 110, a radio access network (RAN) 120, and one or more user equipment (UE) 130. The core network 110 may include a user plane function (UPF) , which represents the data plane evolution of a control and user plane separation strategy. The UPF plays the important role in the process of data transfer by providing an interconnect point between the RAN 120 and the Data Network (DN) , for example, encapsulation and decapsulation of GTP-U. The UPF may perform the functionalities including but not limited to serving as an anchor point for intra- / inter-radio access technology (RAT) mobility, packet routing and forwarding, traffic usage reporting, quality of service (QoS) handling for the user plane, downlink packet buffering and downlink data notification triggering.
[0042] The core network may include a session management function (SMF) , wherein the SMF performs the functionalities including but not limited to establishment, modification, and release of communication sessions, UE IP address allocation and management (including optional authorization functions) , selection and control of UPF, and downlink data notification. Each SMF may control one or more UPFs and is associated with a service area being a collection of UPF service areas of all UPFs under its control.
[0043] The RAN 120 further includes multiple base stations 122 and 124 (or referred as network nodes or RANs) . The base station 122 and one or more user equipment (UE) 130 communicate with one another via Uu interface 140. The wireless communication network 100 may be implemented as, as for example, a 2G, 3G, 4G / LTE, 5G, or 6G cellular communication network. Correspondingly, each of the RANs / base stations 122 and 124 may be implemented as a 2G RAN / base station, a 3G RAN / nodeB, an LTE RAN / eNB, a 5G New Radio (NR) RAN / gNB, and / or a NG RAN. The UE 130 may be implemented as mobile or fixed communication devices for accessing the wireless communication network 100. The one or more UE 130 may include but is not limited to mobile phones, aerial UE (e.g., drone etc. ) , internet of things (IoT) devices, machine-type communications (MTC) devices, laptop computers, tablets, personal digital assistants, wearable devices, distributed remote sensor devices, roadside assistant equipment, and desktop computers. Alternative to the context of cellular wireless network, the RAN 120 and the principles described below may be implemented as other types of radio access networks, such as Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, ZigBee, and WiMax networks.
[0044] In the example wireless communication system 100 of FIG. 1A, the one or more UE 130 may connect with and establish a communication session with the base station 122 via the Uu interface 140. The communication session between the UE 130 and the base station 122 may utilize downlink (DL) and / or uplink (UL) transmission resources. The DL transmission resource carries data from the base station 122 to the UE 130, and the UL transmission resource carries data from the UE 130 to the base station 122. Under certain circumstances, for example when the base station 122 is unavailable or when the UE 130 moves into a coverage of the base station 124, the one or more UE 130 may connect with and establish a communication session with the base station 122, for example, during a handover process.
[0045] Referring to FIG. 1B, a RAN / base station (e.g., gNB) (using 122 as non-limiting example) may have a central-distributed separated structure, which may include a central unit (CU) 160 and one or more distributed unit (DU) 171 and / or 172. The core network (e.g., 5GC) may communicate with the gNB via a NG interface between them. The gNB and another gNB may communicate via a Xn-C interface. The gNB-CU may communicate with the one or more gNB-DU via a F1 interface.
[0046] In some implementations, in the architecture of CU / DU split, a gNB may consist of a gNB Central Unit (gNB-CU) and one or more gNB Distributed Unit (gNB-DU) . A gNB-CU and a gNB-DU is connected via F1 interface. The gNB-CU is defined as a logical node hosting RRC, SDAP and PDCP protocols of the gNB or RRC and PDCP protocols of the en-gNB that controls the operation of one or more gNB-DUs. The gNB-DU is defined as a logical node hosting RLC, MAC and PHY layers of the gNB or en-gNB, and its operation is partly controlled by gNB-CU. One gNB-DU supports one or multiple cells. One cell is supported by only one gNB-DU.
[0047] In some implementations, the gNB-CU is defined as a logical node hosting RRC, SDAP and PDCP protocols of the gNB or RRC and PDCP protocols of the en-gNB that controls the operation of one or more gNB-DUs. The gNB-DU is defined as a logical node hosting RLC, MAC and PHY layers of the gNB or en-gNB, and its operation is partly controlled by gNB-CU. One gNB-DU supports one or multiple cells. One cell may be supported by only one gNB-DU.
[0048] FIG. 1C shows another schematic diagram of a base station (e.g., gNB) 150. The gNB may have a central-distributed separated structure, which may include a central unit (CU) 160 and one or more distributed unit (DU) (for example 171 and / or 172) . The CU may include a control plan (gNB-CU-CP) 161 and one or more user plan (gNB-CU-UP) 162. The gNB-CU-CP 161 may be referred as CU-CP or CP, and the gNB-CU-UP 162 may be referred as CU-UP or UP. The CU-CP 161 may communicate with the one or more CU-UP 162 via an E1 interface between them. The CU-CP 161 may communicate with the one or more DU via a F1-C interface, and each of the one or more CU-UP 162 may communicate with the one or more DU via a F1-U interface.
[0049] In some implementations, a NG-RAN may also consist of a set of ng-eNBs, and an ng-eNB may consist of an ng-eNB-CU-CP, one or more ng-eNB-CU-UP (s) , and one or more ng-eNB-DU (s) . An ng-eNB-CU-CP and an ng-eNB-CU-UP is connected via the E1 interface. An ng-eNB-DU is connected to an ng-eNB-CU-CP via the W1-C interface, and to an ng-eNB-CU-UP via the W1-U interface. The various embodiments / implementations described in the present disclosure may also be applicable to ng-eNB and its corresponding E1 and W1 interfaces, if not explicitly specified otherwise.
[0050] In some implementations, a gNB may consist of a gNB-CU-CP, multiple gNB-CU-UPs and multiple gNB-DUs. The gNB-CU-CP is connected to the gNB-DU through the F1-C interface. The gNB-CU-UP is connected to the gNB-DU through the F1-U interface. The gNB-CU-UP is connected to the gNB-CU-CP through the E1 interface. One gNB-DU is connected to only one gNB-CU-CP. One gNB-CU-UP is connected to only one gNB-CU-CP.
[0051] In some implementations, for resiliency, a gNB-DU and / or a gNB-CU-UP may be connected to multiple gNB-CU-CPs by appropriate implementation. In some implementations, one gNB-DU can be connected to multiple gNB-CU-UPs under the control of the same gNB-CU-CP. In some implementations, one gNB-CU-UP can be connected to multiple DUs under the control of the same gNB-CU-CP.
[0052] In some implementations, the connectivity between a gNB-CU-UP and a gNB-DU is established by the gNB-CU-CP using bearer context management functions.
[0053] In some implementations, the gNB-CU-CP selects the appropriate gNB-CU-UP (s) for the requested services for the UE. In some implementations, multiple CU-UPs may belong to same security domain.
[0054] In some implementations, data forwarding between gNB-CU-UPs during intra-gNB-CU-CP handover within a gNB may be supported by Xn-U.
[0055] FIG. 2 shows an example of electronic device 200 to implement a network base station (wireless communication node or gNB) or core network. The example electronic device 200 may include radio transmitting / receiving (Tx / Rx) circuitry 208 to transmit / receive communication with UEs and / or other base stations. The electronic device 200 may also include network interface circuitry 209 to communicate the base station with other base stations and / or a core network, e.g., optical or wireline interconnects, Ethernet, and / or other data transmission mediums / protocols. The electronic device 200 may optionally include an input / output (I / O) interface 206 to communicate with an operator or the like.
[0056] The electronic device 200 may also include system circuitry 204. System circuitry 204 may include processor (s) 221 and / or memory 222. Memory 222 may include an operating system 224, instructions 226, and parameters 228. Instructions 226 may be configured for the one or more of the processors 124 to perform the functions of the network node. The parameters 228 may include parameters to support execution of the instructions 226. For example, parameters may include network protocol settings, bandwidth parameters, radio frequency mapping assignments, and / or other parameters.
[0057] FIG. 3 shows an example of an electronic device to implement a terminal device 300 (for example, wireless communication terminal or user equipment (UE) ) . The UE 300 may be a mobile device, for example, a smart phone, or a mobile communication module disposed in a vehicle or a drone. The UE 300 may include communication interfaces 302, a system circuitry 304, an input / output interfaces (I / O) 306, a display circuitry 308, and a storage 309. The display circuitry may include a user interface 310. The system circuitry 304 may include any combination of hardware, software, firmware, or other logic / circuitry. The system circuitry 304 may be implemented, for example, with one or more systems on a chip (SoC) , application specific integrated circuits (ASIC) , discrete analog and digital circuits, and other circuitry. The system circuitry 304 may be a part of the implementation of any desired functionality in the UE 300. In that regard, the system circuitry 304 may include logic that facilitates, as examples, decoding and playing music and video, e.g., MP3, MP4, MPEG, AVI, FLAC, AC3, or WAV decoding and playback; running applications; accepting user inputs; saving and retrieving application data; establishing, maintaining, and terminating cellular phone calls or data connections for, as one example, internet connectivity; establishing, maintaining, and terminating wireless network connections, Bluetooth connections, or other connections; and displaying relevant information on the user interface 310. The user interface 310 and the inputs / output (I / O) interfaces 306 may include a graphical user interface, touch sensitive display, haptic feedback or other haptic output, voice or facial recognition inputs, buttons, switches, speakers and other user interface elements. Additional examples of the I / O interfaces 306 may include microphones, video and still image cameras, temperature sensors, vibration sensors, rotation and orientation sensors, headset and microphone input / output jacks, Universal Serial Bus (USB) connectors, memory card slots, radiation sensors (e.g., IR sensors) , and other types of inputs.
[0058] Referring to FIG. 3, the communication interfaces 302 may include a Radio Frequency (RF) transmit (Tx) and receive (Rx) circuitry 316 which handles transmission and reception of signals through one or more antennas 314. The communication interface 302 may include one or more transceivers. The transceivers may be wireless transceivers that include modulation / demodulation circuitry, digital to analog converters (DACs) , shaping tables, analog to digital converters (ADCs) , filters, waveform shapers, filters, pre-amplifiers, power amplifiers and / or other logic for transmitting and receiving through one or more antennas, or (for some devices) through a physical (e.g., wireline) medium. The transmitted and received signals may adhere to any of a diverse array of formats, protocols, modulations (e.g., QPSK, 16-QAM, 64-QAM, or 256-QAM) , frequency channels, bit rates, and encodings. As one specific example, the communication interfaces 302 may include transceivers that support transmission and reception under the 2G, 3G, BT, WiFi, Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) , High Speed Packet Access (HSPA) +, 4G / Long Term Evolution (LTE) , 5G standards, 6G, and / or any other telecommunication standards. The techniques described below, however, are applicable to other wireless communications technologies whether arising from the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) , GSM Association, 3GPP2, IEEE, or other partnerships or standards bodies.
[0059] Referring to FIG. 3, the system circuitry 304 may include one or more processors 321 and memories 322. The memory 322 stores, for example, an operating system 324, instructions 326, and parameters 328. The processor 321 is configured to execute the instructions 326 to carry out desired functionality for the UE 300. The parameters 328 may provide and specify configuration and operating options for the instructions 326. The memory 322 may also store any BT, WiFi, 3G, 4G, 5G, 6G, or other data that the UE 300 will send, or has received, through the communication interfaces 302. In various implementations, a system power for the UE 300 may be supplied by a power storage device, such as a battery or a transformer.
[0060] The present disclosure describes various embodiment for unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) detection and reporting, which may be implemented, partly or totally, on the core network, the network base station, and / or the user equipment described above in FIGS. 1A -3.
[0061] Referring to FIG. 4A, the present disclosure describes various embodiments of a method 400 for wireless communication, which is performed by a wireless communication node (e.g., a radio access network (RAN) ) comprising a memory storing instructions and at least one processor in communication with the memory. The method 400 may include a portion or all of the following: step 410, receiving, by a radio access network (RAN) , a first NG application protocol (NGAP) message comprising unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) confirmation information from a core network (CN) ; and / or the CN receives UAV information about a user equipment (UE) , and / or in response to the UAV information passing an authorization check, the CN is configured to transmit the first NGAP message comprising the UAV confirmation information to the RAN.
[0062] Referring to FIG. 4B, the present disclosure describes various embodiments of a method 450 for wireless communication, which is performed by a core network (CN) or a specific function inside the CN, which comprises a memory storing instructions and at least one processor in communication with the memory. The method 450 may include a portion or all of the following steps: step 460, receiving, by a core network (CN) , unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) information about a user equipment (UE) ; step 470, performing, by the CN, an authorization check on the UAV information; and / or step 480, in response to the UAV information passing the authorization check, transmitting, by the CN, a first NGAP message comprising UAV confirmation information to a radio access network (RAN) .
[0063] In some implementations, in addition to a portion, an entire, or any combination of the described implementation (s) / embodiment (s) , the UAV information is for identifying whether the UE is a UAV; the UAV information is configured by one of the following: a UE / UAV manufacturer, a network (NW) , or a UAV management organization; and / or the UAV information comprises at least one of the following: an internet protocol (IP) address of the UE, a media access control (MAC) address of the UE, a serial number of the UE, or finger print information of the UE.
[0064] In some implementations, in addition to a portion, an entire, or any combination of the described implementation (s) / embodiment (s) , the UAV information consists one of the following: an octet string, or an plurality of integer.
[0065] In some implementations, in addition to a portion, an entire, or any combination of the described implementation (s) / embodiment (s) , the UAV confirmation information is for confirming that the UE with the UAV info is a valid UAV device; the UAV confirmation information consists of a Boolean with true value; and / or the UAV confirmation information consists of a enumerated value with the at least one of the following codepoints: true, valid UAV, authorized UAV, UAV-like, previous release UAV, or common UE.
[0066] In some implementations, in addition to a portion, an entire, or any combination of the described implementation (s) / embodiment (s) , the UE transmits a first radio resource control (RRC) message comprising the UAV information to the RAN; the RAN transmits a second NGAP message comprising the UAV information to the CN; the CN performs the authorization check on the UAV information; and / or in response to the UAV information passing an authorization check, the CN transmits the first NGAP message comprising the UAV confirmation information to the RAN.
[0067] In some implementations, in addition to a portion, an entire, or any combination of the described implementation (s) / embodiment (s) , upon receiving the first RRC message, the RAN selects the CN based on a UAV capacity.
[0068] In some implementations, in addition to a portion, an entire, or any combination of the described implementation (s) / embodiment (s) , after the RAN receives the first NGAP message from the CN, the RAN transmits a second RRC message comprising the UAV confirmation information to the UE.
[0069] In some implementations, in addition to a portion, an entire, or any combination of the described implementation (s) / embodiment (s) , the UE transmits a first non-access stratum (NAS) message comprising the UAV information to the CN; upon receiving the first NAS message, the CN performs the authorization check on the UAV information; and / or in response to the UAV information passing an authorization check, the CN transmits the first NGAP message comprising the UAV confirmation information to the RAN.
[0070] In some implementations, in addition to a portion, an entire, or any combination of the described implementation (s) / embodiment (s) , after the RAN receives the first NGAP message from the CN, the RAN transmits a RRC message comprising the UAV confirmation information to the UE; and / or the CN transmits a second NAS message comprising the UAV confirmation information to the UE.
[0071] In some implementations, in addition to a portion, an entire, or any combination of the described implementation (s) / embodiment (s) , a centralized unit (CU) in the RAN sends a first F1AP message to a distributed unit (DU) in the RAN, the first F1AP message comprises at least one of the following: the UAV information or the UAV confirmation information; after the DU receives the first F1AP message, the DU stores information in the first F1AP message into a UE context; and / or the DU sends a second F1AP message to the CU.
[0072] In some implementations, in addition to a portion, an entire, or any combination of the described implementation (s) / embodiment (s) , the second F1AP comprises an acknowledgment.
[0073] In some implementations, in addition to a portion, an entire, or any combination of the described implementation (s) / embodiment (s) , the RAN comprises a source node and a target node; the source node transmits a first XnAP message to the target node, the first XnAP message comprises at least one of the following: the UAV information or the UAV confirmation information; after the target node receives the first XnAP message, the target node stores information in the first F1AP message into a UE context; and / or the target node transmits a second XnAP message to the source node.
[0074] In some implementations, in addition to a portion, an entire, or any combination of the described implementation (s) / embodiment (s) , the first XnAP message comprises at least one of the following: a handover request message, a S-node addition request message, a S-node modification request message, a S-node modification required message, or a new XnAP procedure; and / or the second XnAP comprises an acknowledgment.
[0075] In some implementations, in addition to a portion, an entire, or any combination of the described implementation (s) / embodiment (s) , the RAN comprises a source node and a target node; the target node transmits a first XnAP message to the source node; and / or the source node transmits
[0076] a second XnAP message to the target node, the second XnAP message comprises at least one of the following: the UAV information or the UAV confirmation information.
[0077] In some implementations, in addition to a portion, an entire, or any combination of the described implementation (s) / embodiment (s) , after the target node receives the second XnAP message, the target node stores information in the second F1AP message into a UE context; and / or the second XnAP message comprises at least one of the following: a S-node addition request acknowledge, a S-node modification request acknowledge, a S-node modification confirmation message, or a retrieve UE context response.
[0078] In some implementations, in addition to a portion, an entire, or any combination of the described implementation (s) / embodiment (s) , the RAN comprises a source node and a target node; and / or a source node transmits a NGAP handover required message to the CN, the NGAP handover required message comprises at least one of the following: the UAV information or the UAV confirmation information; the CN transmits the NGAP handover request message to the target node, the NGAP handover request message comprises at least one of the following: the UAV information or the UAV confirmation information; the target node transmits a NGAP handover request acknowledge message to the CN; and / or the CN transmits the NGAP handover command message to the source node.
[0079] In various implementations / embodiments, the UAV information may be referred as UAV identifier (ID) information.
[0080] The present disclosure describes various exemplary embodiments for UAV information reporting and authorization in a mobile communication system, and the exemplary embodiments merely serve as examples and do not pose limitations. Any steps and / or operations in one same embodiment / implementation or more than one different embodiments / implementation in the present disclosure may be partially performed, combined, or arranged in any amount or order, as desired. Two or more of the steps and / or operations may be performed in parallel. Varou embodiments and implementations in the disclosure may be used separately or combined in any order. Further, each of the methods (or embodiments) may be implemented by processing circuitry (e.g., one or more processors or one or more integrated circuits) .
[0081] Embodiment Set I
[0082] Various embodiments in the present disclosure describes methods for performing UAV information reporting and authorization, providing solutions for UAV identification and authorization. During or after random access channel (RACH) procedure, a UE may upload its UAV information to a RAN. After the RAN receives such information, if available, it may select a UAV capable CN for this UE, then sends the UAV information to the selected CN. After the CN performs the authorization checking for the UE, it may reply UAV confirmation information to the RAN and the UE.
[0083] FIG. 5 shows one non-limiting example, and some implementations may include a portion or all of the following steps.
[0084] In step 510, a UE initiates a RACH procedure.
[0085] In step 520, during the RACH procedure, or UE has successfully accessed into the NW after the RACH procedure, the UE may send a RRC message 1 to a RAN. This message may be a newly introduced RRC message or one of existing legacy messages (e.g. RRCSetupRequest, RRCSetupComplete, RRCReconfigurationComplete, RRCReestablishmentRequest, RRCReestablishmentRequestComplete, RRCResumeRequest, and / or RRCResumeComplete ) . At least one of the following information may be informed to the RAN in this message.
[0086] UAV information: This information may be used for a UAV (or suspected UAV device, previous released UAV, or UAV-like device) to identify that this UE is a UAV. This information may be configured by a UE / UAV manufacturer, a 3GPP NW, or a UAV management organization. This may be at least one of the following information: an IP address of this UE, a MAC address of this UE, a serial number of this UE, and / or a finger print information of this UE.
[0087] This UAV information may be consisted by at least one of following alternative: Octet string (SIZE (X) ) ; Octet string; and / or Integer (A... B, ... ) , wherein the X, A, and / or B used in the octet string or integer here are integer numbers (either same or different numbers) .
[0088] In step 530, when the RAN receives the information in step 520, the RAN may select a CN with related UAV capacity and perform the following steps. In some implementations, the selecting procedure may be optional, either because the CN is pre-configured or pre-defined, or because there is only one CN in communication with the RAN at the time.
[0089] In step 540, the RAN may send the UAV information to the CN. The NGAP message 3 may be either a newly defined NGAP message or one of existing legacy NGAP messages. At least one of the following information may be informed from the RAN to the CN via this message: the UAV information as described in step 520.
[0090] In step 550, the CN performs the UAV authorization based on the received information (e.g., the UAV information) . When the received information passes the authorization checking, the CN may response the NGAP message 4 with the UAV confirmation information. The NGAP message 4 may be either a new defined NGAP message or one of existing legacy NGAP messages. At least one of the following information may be informed from the CN to the RAN via this message: the UAV information as described in step 520, and / or the UAV confirmation information. In some implementations, the UAV confirmation info is used to show this UE with the UAV information is a valid device (e.g. suspected UAV device, previous released UAV, or UAV-like device) . Furthermore, this UAV confirmation information may comprise at least one of following alternative: Boolean with true value; and / or enumerated with the at least one of the following codepoints: true, valid UAV, authorized UAV, UAV-like, previous release UAV, and / or common UE.
[0091] The RAN receives the response information (e.g., the UAV information and / or the UAV confirmation information) from the CN and keeps the received information into the UE context.
[0092] In step 560, the RAN sends a RRC message 2 to the UE. This message may be a new introduced RRC message or one of existing legacy RRC messages. At least one of the following information may be informed to UE in this message: the UAV information as described in step 520, and / or the UAV confirmation information as described in step 550.
[0093] Embodiment Set II
[0094] Various embodiments in the present disclosure describes methods for performing UAV information reporting and authorization, providing solutions for UAV identification and authorization. In some implementations, a UE may send UAV information to a CN via a NAS message. Then, after the CN check the UAV information, the CN may send the confirmation information to the RAN and / or the UE by using different alternatives.
[0095] FIG. 6 shows a non-limiting example, and some implementations may include a portion or all of the following steps.
[0096] In step 610, a UE initiates a RACH procedure.
[0097] In step 620, during the RACH procedure, or the UE has successfully accessed into the NW after the RACH procedure, the UE sends a NAS message 1 to a CN. This message may be a newly introduced NAS message or one of existing legacy NAS messages. At least one of the following information may be informed to the CN in this message: the UAV information as described in step 520.
[0098] In step 630, after the NAS procedure, the CN may check whether the UE is a valid / authorized UAV by using the received information (e.g., the UAV information) . In some implementations, after the CN receives the information, the CN checks the received UAV information.
[0099] In step 640, when the received UAV information is valid / authorized, the CN sends the NGAP message to the RAN. The NGAP message may be either a newly defined NGAP message or one of existing legacy NGAP messages. At least one of the following info may be informed from CN to RAN via this message: the UAV information as described in step 520, and / or the UAV confirmation information as described in step 550.
[0100] When RAN receives the information, the RAN may keep the received information into the UE context of related UE / UAV.
[0101] In step 651, the RAN may send a RRC message to the UE. This message may be a new introduced RRC message or one of existing legacy RRC messages. At least one of the following information may be informed to the UE in this message: the UAV information as described in step 520, and / or the UAV confirmation information as described in step 550.
[0102] In step 652, alternative to step 651, the CN may send a NAS message 2 to the UE to inform the authorization and identification response information. This message may be a new introduced NAS message or one of existing NAS messages. At least one of the following information may be informed to the RAN in this message: the UAV information as described in step 520, and / or the UAV confirmation information as described in step 550.
[0103] In some implementations, the UE may receive the UAV confirmation information via either step 651 or step 652.
[0104] In some implementations, the UE may not need to receive the UAV confirmation information from either the RAN or the CN, i.e., neither step 651 nor step 652 is needed.
[0105] Embodiment Set III
[0106] Various embodiments in the present disclosure describes methods for performing F1AP procedure on UAV information transmission, providing solutions for how a CU may send UAV related information to a DU.
[0107] FIG. 7 shows a non-limiting example, and some implementations may include a portion or all of the following steps.
[0108] In step 710, a CU may send UAV related information to DU via a F1AP message A. The F1AP message A may be either a new defined message or one of existed messages. At least one of the following information may be informed to the DU in this message: the UAV information as described in step 520, and / or the UAV confirmation information as described in step 550.
[0109] In step 720, the DU receives the UAV related information and stores the information into a UE context. The DU replies with F1AP message B (e.g., including acknowledgement (ACK) ) . The F1AP message B may be either a new defined message or one of existed messages. The UAV related information may include the UAV information and / or the UAV confirmation information.
[0110] Embodiment Set IV
[0111] Various embodiments in the present disclosure describes methods for transmitting UAV related information via XnAP 1 (e.g., during a handover procedure) , providing solutions for how UAV related information is transferred between a source node and a target node. In some implementations, other common XnAP procedures may be performed, which is not limited to handover procedure (e.g. transmitting UAV information between a master node (MN) and a secondary node (SN) ) .
[0112] FIG. 8 shows a non-limiting example, and some implementations may include a portion or all of the following steps.
[0113] In step 810, a source node sends a XnAP message 1 to a target node. The XnAP message 1 may be either a new defined message or one of existing messages (e.g. Handover request message, S-Node Addition request, S-Node Modification Request, S-Node Modification Required, and / or other new XnAP procedures) . At least one of the following information may be informed in this message: the UAV information as described in step 520, and / or the UAV confirmation information as described in step 550.
[0114] In step 820, the target node receives the XnAP message 1 and stores the received information into a UE context. The target node may reply a XnAP message 2 to the source node. In some implementations, the XnAP message 2 may include an acknowledgement (ACK) .
[0115] Embodiment Set V
[0116] Various embodiments in the present disclosure describes methods for transmitting UAV related information via XnAP 1 (e.g., during a handover procedure) , providing solutions for how UAV related information is transferred between a source node and a target node. In some implementations, other common XnAP procedures may be performed, which is not limited to handover procedure (e.g. transmitting UAV information between a master node (MN) and a secondary node (SN) ) .
[0117] FIG. 9 shows a non-limiting example, and some implementations may include a portion or all of the following steps.
[0118] In step 910, a target node sends a XnAP message 1 to a source node (e.g, including request for UAV related information) .
[0119] In step 920, the source node replies a XnAP message 2 to the target node. The XnAP message 2 may be either a new defined message or one of existing messages (e.g. S-Node Addition Request Acknowledge, S-Node Modification Request Acknowledge, S-Node Modification Confirm, and / or Retrieve UE Context Response) . At least one of the following info may be informed in this message: the UAV information as described in step 520, and / or the UAV confirmation information as described in step 550.
[0120] Embodiment Set VI
[0121] Various embodiments in the present disclosure describes methods for performing NG based handover for transmitting UAV related information, providing solutions for how to transmit the UAV related information during NG based handover procedure.
[0122] FIG. 10 shows a non-limiting example, and some implementations may include a portion or all of the following steps.
[0123] In step 1010, a source node sends a NGAP message 1 (e.g., a NGAP handover required message) to a CN. At least one of the following info may be informed in this NGAP message 1: the UAV information as described in step 520, and / or the UAV confirmation information as described in step 550.
[0124] In step 1020, the CN receives the NGAP message 1 in step 1010, and sends a NGAP message 2 (e.g., a NGAP handover request message) to a target node. At least one of the following info may be informed in this NGAP message 2: the UAV information as described in step 520, and / or the UAV confirmation information as described in step 550.
[0125] In step 1030, the target node replies a NGAP message 3 (e.g., a NGAP handover request acknowledge message) to the CN.
[0126] In step 1040, the CN replies a NGAP message 4 (e.g., a NGAP handover command message) to the source node.
[0127] The present disclosure describes methods, apparatus, and computer-readable medium for UAV detection and reporting in a mobile communication system. The present disclosure addressed the issues with UAV information reporting and authorization in a wireless communication system. The methods, devices, and computer-readable medium described in the present disclosure may facilitate the performance of UAV reporting and authorization in wireless communication, thus improving efficiency and overall performance. The methods, devices, and computer-readable medium described in the present disclosure may improves the overall efficiency of the wireless communication systems.
[0128] In some other embodiments, a computer-readable medium comprising instructions which, when executed by a computer, cause the computer to carry out the above methods. The computer-readable medium may be referred as non-transitory computer-readable media (CRM) that stores data for extended periods such as a flash drive or compact disk (CD) , or for short periods in the presence of power such as a memory device or random access memory (RAM) . In some embodiments, computer-readable instructions may be included in a software, which is embodied in one or more tangible, non-transitory, computer-readable media. Such non-transitory computer-readable media can be media associated with user-accessible mass storage as well as certain short-duration storage that are of non-transitory nature, such as internal mass storage or ROM. The software implementing various embodiments of the present disclosure can be stored in such devices and executed by a processor (or processing circuitry) . A computer-readable medium can include one or more memory devices or chips, according to particular needs. The software can cause the processor (including CPU, GPU, FPGA, and the like) to execute particular processes or particular parts of particular processes described herein, including defining data structures stored in RAM and modifying such data structures according to the processes defined by the software. In various embodiments in the present disclosure, the term “processor” may mean one processor that performs the defined functions, steps, or operations or a plurality of processors that collectively perform defined functions, steps, or operations, such that the execution of the individual defined functions may be divided amongst such plurality of processors.
[0129] Reference throughout this specification to features, advantages, or similar language does not imply that all of the features and advantages that may be realized with the present solution should be or are included in any single implementation thereof. Rather, language referring to the features and advantages is understood to mean that a specific feature, advantage, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of the present solution. Thus, discussions of the features and advantages, and similar language, throughout the specification may, but do not necessarily, refer to the same embodiment.
[0130] Furthermore, the described features, advantages and characteristics of the present solution may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments, for non-limiting examples, a portion from one or more embodiment may be combined with another portion of other embodiments. One of ordinary skill in the relevant art will recognize, in light of the description herein, that the present solution can be practiced without one or more of the specific features or advantages of a particular embodiment. In other instances, additional features and advantages may be recognized in certain embodiments that may not be present in all embodiments of the present solution.
Claims
1.A method for wireless communication, comprising:receiving, by a radio access network (RAN) , a first NG application protocol (NGAP) message comprising unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) confirmation information from a core network (CN) ,wherein:the CN receives UAV information about a user equipment (UE) , andin response to the UAV information passing an authorization check, the CN is configured to transmit the first NGAP message comprising the UAV confirmation information to the RAN.2.A method for wireless communication, comprising:receiving, by a core network (CN) , unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) information about a user equipment (UE) ;performing, by the CN, an authorization check on the UAV information; andin response to the UAV information passing the authorization check, transmitting, by the CN, a first NGAP message comprising UAV confirmation information to a radio access network (RAN) .3.The method according to any of claims 1 to 2, wherein:the UAV information is for identifying whether the UE is a UAV;the UAV information is configured by one of the following: a UE / UAV manufacturer, a network (NW) , or a UAV management organization; orthe UAV information comprises at least one of the following: an internet protocol (IP) address of the UE, a media access control (MAC) address of the UE, a serial number of the UE, or finger print information of the UE.4.The method according to any of claims 1 to 3, wherein:the UAV information consists one of the following: an octet string, or an plurality of integer.5.The method according to any of claims 1 to 4, wherein:the UAV confirmation information is for confirming that the UE with the UAV info is a valid UAV device;the UAV confirmation information consists of a Boolean with true value; orthe UAV confirmation information consists of a enumerated value with the at least one of the following codepoints: true, valid UAV, authorized UAV, UAV-like, previous release UAV, or common UE.6.The method according to any of claims 1 to 5, wherein:the UE transmits a first radio resource control (RRC) message comprising the UAV information to the RAN;the RAN transmits a second NGAP message comprising the UAV information to the CN;the CN performs the authorization check on the UAV information; andin response to the UAV information passing an authorization check, the CN transmits the first NGAP message comprising the UAV confirmation information to the RAN.7.The method according to claim 6, wherein:upon receiving the first RRC message, the RAN selects the CN based on a UAV capacity.8.The method according to claim 6, wherein:after the RAN receives the first NGAP message from the CN, the RAN transmits a second RRC message comprising the UAV confirmation information to the UE.9.The method according to any of claims 1 to 5, wherein:the UE transmits a first non-access stratum (NAS) message comprising the UAV information to the CN;upon receiving the first NAS message, the CN performs the authorization check on the UAV information; andin response to the UAV information passing an authorization check, the CN transmits the first NGAP message comprising the UAV confirmation information to the RAN.10.The method according to claim 9, wherein:after the RAN receives the first NGAP message from the CN, the RAN transmits a RRC message comprising the UAV confirmation information to the UE; orthe CN transmits a second NAS message comprising the UAV confirmation information to the UE.11.The method according to any of claims 1 to 10, further comprising:a centralized unit (CU) in the RAN sends a first F1AP message to a distributed unit (DU) in the RAN, the first F1AP message comprises at least one of the following: the UAV information or the UAV confirmation information;after the DU receives the first F1AP message, the DU stores information in the first F1AP message into a UE context; orthe DU sends a second F1AP message to the CU.12.The method according to claim 11, wherein:the second F1AP comprises an acknowledgment.13.The method according to any of claims 1 to 12, wherein:the RAN comprises a source node and a target node;the source node transmits a first XnAP message to the target node, the first XnAP message comprises at least one of the following: the UAV information or the UAV confirmation information;after the target node receives the first XnAP message, the target node stores information in the first F1AP message into a UE context; andthe target node transmits a second XnAP message to the source node.14.The method according to claim 13, wherein:the first XnAP message comprises at least one of the following:a handover request message, a S-node addition request message, a S-node modification request message, a S-node modification required message, or a new XnAP procedure; orthe second XnAP comprises an acknowledgment.15.The method according to any of claims 1 to 12, wherein:the RAN comprises a source node and a target node;the target node transmits a first XnAP message to the source node; andthe source node transmits a second XnAP message to the target node, the second XnAP message comprises at least one of the following: the UAV information or the UAV confirmation information.16.The method according to claim 15, wherein:after the target node receives the second XnAP message, the target node stores information in the second F1AP message into a UE context; orthe second XnAP message comprises at least one of the following:a S-node addition request acknowledge, a S-node modification request acknowledge, a S-node modification confirmation message, or a retrieve UE context response.17.The method according to any of claims 1 to 16, wherein:the RAN comprises a source node and a target node; anda source node transmits a NGAP handover required message to the CN, the NGAP handover required message comprises at least one of the following: the UAV information or the UAV confirmation information;the CN transmits the NGAP handover request message to the target node, the NGAP handover request message comprises at least one of the following: the UAV information or the UAV confirmation information;the target node transmits a NGAP handover request acknowledge message to the CN; andthe CN transmits the NGAP handover command message to the source node.18.A wireless communications apparatus comprising at least one processor and a memory, wherein the at least one processor is configured to read code from the memory and implement a method recited in any of claims 1 to 17.19.A computer-readable medium comprising instructions which, when executed by a computer, causing the computer to carry out the method recited in any of claims 1 to 17.
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