Projection module, display unit, and display system

Abstract

A projection module (11), a display unit (1), and a display system. The projection module (11) comprises an image assembly (111), a projection lens (112), and a deflection mirror (113), wherein the deflection mirror (113) comprises a light incident surface (1131), a light exit surface (1132), a first reflective film (1133), and a second reflective film (1134); the image assembly (111) is configured to display an image to be projected; the projection lens (112) is configured to project the image to be projected onto the light incident surface (1131) of the deflection mirror (113); the light incident surface (1131) intersects with the light exit surface (1132), and the projection lens (112), the light incident surface (1131), the first reflective film (1133) and the second reflective film (1134) are arranged in sequence in a first direction (X); the first reflective film (1133) is configured to reflect one portion of light incident on the first reflective film (1133) to the light exit surface (1132) of the deflection mirror (113) and transmit the other portion of the light to the second reflective film (1134); the second reflective film (1134) is configured to reflect light incident on the second reflective film (1134) to the light exit surface (1132) of the deflection mirror (113); and a preset gap is provided between the first reflective film (1133) and the second reflective film (1134).

Description

Projection modules, display units and display systems

[0001] This application claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 202411530469.6, filed with the Chinese Patent Office on October 30, 2024, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0002] This application relates to the field of display technology, such as a projection module, display unit, and display system. Background Technology

[0003] With the development of display technology, the application of light field display technology is becoming more and more widespread, and the corresponding requirements for light field display technology are also becoming higher and higher.

[0004] In light field display technology, traditional light field displays only have a single layer and a small pixel depth. When viewers adjust their focus and the position of the intersection of their eyes' lines of sight are inconsistent, problems such as visual discomfort, eye fatigue, and headaches may occur (convergence conflict). Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides a projection module, display unit, and display system to reuse display resources, reduce convergence and focusing conflicts generated by the light field display, expand the field of view of the light field display, and increase the resolution of the light field display.

[0006] According to one aspect of this application, a projection module is provided, including an image component, a projection lens, and a deflector; the deflector includes an incident surface, an exit surface, a first reflective film, and a second reflective film.

[0007] The image component is configured to display the image to be projected; the projection lens is configured to project the image to be projected onto the incident surface of the deflector.

[0008] The light-incident surface intersects the light-exit surface, and along the first direction, the projection lens, the light-incident surface, the first reflective film, and the second reflective film are arranged sequentially.

[0009] The first reflective film is configured to reflect a portion of the light incident on it to the light-emitting surface of the deflector, and transmit another portion of the light to the second reflective film; the second reflective film is configured to reflect the light incident on it to the light-emitting surface of the deflector; there is a preset interval between the first reflective film and the second reflective film.

[0010] Optionally, the deflector includes a first prism and a second prism; the first prism is a triangular prism, the first side of the first prism serves as the light-incident surface of the deflector, the second side of the first prism serves as part of the light-outcrystal surface of the deflector, and the first reflective film is attached to the third side of the first prism.

[0011] The second prism is a trapezoidal prism, with its first side surface attached to the first reflective film and the second reflective film attached to its second side surface; wherein the first side surface of the trapezoidal prism and its second side surface are opposite to each other.

[0012] The first prism and the second prism have the same refractive index.

[0013] Optionally, the second reflective film is a total reflection film;

[0014] The first reflective film is a polarization reflective film, which is configured to reflect light of a first polarization state and transmit light of a second polarization state; the first polarization state is different from the second polarization state; or, the first reflective film is a semi-transparent and semi-reflective film.

[0015] Optionally, the image component includes a dense display device.

[0016] According to another aspect of this application, a display unit is provided, including a rotating structure and at least one projection module as described above; the projection module is disposed at the edge of the rotating structure.

[0017] Optionally, the display unit further includes a unidirectional beam expander; the light-emitting surface of the deflector and the unidirectional beam expander are arranged along a second direction; the unidirectional beam expander is configured to unidirectionally expand the emitted light from the deflector along the first direction.

[0018] The plane formed by the first direction and the third direction has a predetermined angle between the line of intersection with the first reflective film of the deflecting mirror and the line of intersection with the second reflective film of the deflecting mirror; wherein, the third direction is perpendicular to both the first direction and the second direction.

[0019] Optionally, the plane formed by the first direction and the second direction is parallel to the line of intersection with the first reflective film and the line of intersection with the second reflective film.

[0020] Optionally, the unidirectional beam expander is further configured to expand the multiple beams emitted from the projection module into multiple fan-shaped surface beams.

[0021] Optionally, the unidirectional beam expander is further configured to expand each beam emitted from the projection module into multiple fan-shaped rib beams.

[0022] Optionally, a preset interval is provided between the first reflective film and the second reflective film, such that the distance between the optical centers of the first vector pixel virtual image and the second vector pixel virtual image is Δ. The beam emitted from the projection lens, after being reflected by the first reflective film and expanded by the unidirectional beam expander to form multiple fan-shaped rib beams, and the multiple fan-shaped rib beams formed after being reflected by the second reflective film and expanded by the unidirectional beam expander to form multiple fan-shaped rib beams, form an interdigitated structure. Wherein, Δ / L>0.002, L is the distance between the unidirectional beam expander and the imaging lens imaged by the first reflective film, the first vector pixel virtual image is the virtual image formed by the vector pixels composed of the projection lens and the image component through the first reflective film, and the second vector pixel virtual image is the virtual image formed by the vector pixels composed of the projection lens and the image component through the second reflective film.

[0023] Optionally, the preset angle ranges from 2.5 mrad to 7.5 mrad, so that the angle between the beam emitted from the projection lens and the multiple fan-shaped rib beams formed by the unidirectional beam expander after being reflected by the first reflective film, and the multiple fan-shaped rib beams formed by the unidirectional beam expander after being reflected by the second reflective film, in the third direction, is between 5 mrad and 15 mrad.

[0024] Optionally, the at least one projection module includes at least one first projection module and at least one second projection module; along the radial direction of the rotating structure, the distance between the first projection module and the center of the rotating structure is different from the distance between the second projection module and the center of the rotating structure.

[0025] Optionally, the display unit further includes at least one zoom lens group corresponding to the at least one projection module, the zoom lens group including at least one zoom lens; the zoom lens can be moved between the image component and the projection lens of the corresponding projection module.

[0026] Optionally, the display unit includes at least one projection module group, and the projection module group includes at least two projection modules; in the projection module group, different projection modules are equidistant from the center of the rotating structure, and different projection modules have different tilt angles relative to their corresponding rotation trajectories.

[0027] According to another aspect of this application, a display system is provided, including a plurality of display units as described above; wherein the plurality of rotating structures are arranged in an array; wherein the rotating structures in odd-numbered columns and the rotating structures in even-numbered columns are misaligned; and any two adjacent rotating structures are tangent.

[0028] Optionally, the unidirectional beam expander of all display units is a single integrated structure.

[0029] Optionally, all rotating structures may lie in the same plane or on the same arc surface.

[0030] According to another aspect of this application, a display system is provided, including at least one lamp post and a unidirectional beam expander; each lamp post is provided with a plurality of projection modules as described above; the light-emitting surface of the deflector and the unidirectional beam expander are arranged along a second direction; the unidirectional beam expander is configured to unidirectionally expand the light emitted from the deflector along the first direction.

[0031] Optionally, there may be multiple light poles, which are arranged in a circular pattern. Attached Figure Description

[0032] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a projection module provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0033] Figure 2 is a side view of Figure 1;

[0034] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the working principle of a projection module provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0035] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a display unit provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0036] Figure 5 is a side view of another projection module provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0037] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a projection module provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0038] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram showing the relative positional relationship between a projection module and a unidirectional beam expander provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0039] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of a projection module and a unidirectional beam expander combined to generate a fan-shaped rib beam according to an embodiment of this application;

[0040] Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the emitted light corresponding to the positional relationship of a vector pixel virtual image provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0041] Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of the emitted light corresponding to the positional relationship of a vector pixel virtual image provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0042] Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of the positional relationship between a deflection mirror and a projection lens provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0043] Figure 12 is a schematic diagram illustrating the principle of mutual complementarity of different fan-shaped ribbed beams in Figure 8;

[0044] Figure 13 is a schematic diagram of a display unit and a unidirectional beam expander generating a fan-shaped beam according to an embodiment of this application;

[0045] Figure 14 is a side view of another display unit provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0046] Figure 15 is a schematic diagram of a zoom lens assembly provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0047] Figure 16 is a schematic diagram of the positional relationship of a zoom lens group provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0048] Figure 17 is a schematic diagram of another display unit provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0049] Figure 18 is a schematic diagram of a projection module splicing according to an embodiment of this application;

[0050] Figure 19 is an ideal schematic diagram of a projection module splicing provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0051] Figure 20 is a schematic diagram of a projection module splicing implementation provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0052] Figure 21 is a schematic diagram of a color splicing of a projection module provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0053] Figure 22 is a schematic diagram of another display unit provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0054] Figure 23 is a schematic diagram of a display system provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0055] Figure 24 is a schematic diagram of another display system provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0056] Figure 25 is a structural schematic diagram of a display light pole provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0057] Figure 26 is a top view of another display system provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0058] Figure 27 is a front view of another display system provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0059] Figure 28 is a structural schematic diagram of another projection module provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0060] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that the embodiments of this application described herein can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, for example, including, in addition to processes, methods, systems, products, or devices that include the series of steps or units shown in the embodiments of this application, other processes, methods, systems, products, or devices that are not explicitly listed in this series of steps or units, or other steps or units inherent to these processes, methods, systems, products, or devices.

[0061] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a projection module provided in an embodiment of this application, Figure 2 is a side view of Figure 1, and Figure 3 is a working principle diagram of a projection module provided in an embodiment of this application. Referring to Figures 1 to 3, the projection module 11 includes an image component 111, a projection lens 112, and a deflector 113. The deflector 113 includes a light-incident surface 1131, a light-exiting surface 1132, a first reflective film 1133, and a second reflective film 1134. The image component 111 is configured to display an image to be projected. The projection lens 112 is configured to project the image to be projected onto the light-incident surface 1131 of the deflector 113. The light-incident surface 1131 and the light-exiting surface 1132 intersect along a first direction X. A first reflective film 1133 and a second reflective film 1134 are arranged in sequence. The first reflective film 1133 is configured to reflect a portion of the light incident on it to the light-emitting surface 1132 of the deflector 113, and transmit another portion of the light to the second reflective film 1134. The second reflective film 1134 is configured to reflect the light incident on it to the light-emitting surface 1132 of the deflector 113. There is a preset interval between the first reflective film 1133 and the second reflective film 1134.

[0062] The projection module 11 can be used in a light field display system. The image component 111 of the projection module 11 can be a dense display device, such as a light-emitting diode (LED) panel, an organic light-emitting diode (OLED) panel, a micro light-emitting diode (MicroLED) panel, a mini light-emitting diode (Mini LED) panel, or a liquid crystal display panel. The dense display device has multiple sub-pixels, and its brightness is adjustable, with a high maximum brightness. In light field display, the image component 111 is configured to input data corresponding to at least a portion of the pixels of the image to be displayed.

[0063] The projection lens 112 is composed of, for example, multiple lenses and is configured to image the light emitted from multiple sub-pixels of the image component 111. Exemplarily, the light-incident surface of the projection lens 112 faces the light-outceasing surface of the image component 111. The image component 111 and the projection lens 112 constitute a vector pixel, wherein the vector pixel is an optical device satisfying the following characteristics: 1. A point light source with a narrow beam, i.e., a light source that can be approximated as a single point of emission relative to a large display scale (e.g., the light source occupies less than one ten-thousandth of the display area). Furthermore, the majority of the beams emitted by the vector pixel into space have the following property: if the boundary of the beam is defined as the light intensity decreasing to 50% of its maximum intensity, and the minimum spatial spherical angle encompassing all boundaries is less than 10 degrees with the light source as the center. 2. Capable of projecting the aforementioned beams in at least 100 distinguishable directions. 3. Capable of simultaneously emitting the aforementioned beams in two or more directions. 4. The brightness of the aforementioned beams is adjustable in at least 16 levels.

[0064] In related technologies, multiple vector pixels are used in conjunction with a unidirectional beam expander for light field display. The light beam emitted from the vector pixel is expanded into multiple beams after passing through the unidirectional beam expander, and there is a certain angle between two adjacent beams after expansion. When the viewing point is at a certain distance, and the human eye is between two adjacent beams, no beam will enter the human eye, which will cause the human eye to be unable to see the vector pixel, resulting in a blind spot.

[0065] In this embodiment, a deflector 113 is provided in the projection module 11. Light emitted from the projection lens 112 enters the interior of the deflector 113 through the light-incident surface 1131. It then first enters the first reflective film 1133, which reflects and transmits a portion of the light. For example, it may reflect a portion of the light and transmit the rest. The light reflected by the first reflective film 1133 exits through the light-exit surface 1132 of the deflector 113. The light transmitted by the first reflective film 1133 enters the second reflective film 1134, which reflects a portion of the light back to the light-exit surface 1132 of the deflector 113 and exits from there.

[0066] As shown in Figure 3, since the deflector 113 is provided with two reflective films, each reflective film forms a virtual image of the projection lens 112. The vector pixel formed by the projection lens 112 and the image component 111 will form two vector pixel virtual images by the deflector 113, for example, defined as the first vector pixel virtual image 111A and the second vector pixel virtual image 111B, respectively. The light emitted by the vector pixel is emitted through the light-emitting surface 1132 of the deflector 113, which is equivalent to the light emitted by the two vector pixel virtual images being emitted through the light-emitting surface 1132 of the deflector. Since there is a certain preset interval between the two reflective films, the spatial positions of the two vector pixel virtual images are also different. One beam of light emitted by the vector pixel corresponds to two beams formed by the two vector pixel virtual images, thus multiplexing display resources and forming a light field display system with a large viewing angle with fewer projection modules. Furthermore, since the two vector pixel virtual images are at different distances from the projection lens 112 in the first direction X, and the intersection points of the two beams with the light-emitting surface 1132 of the deflection mirror 113 are also different, their subsequent incident positions on the unidirectional beam expander are also different. After passing through the unidirectional beam expander, the two beams form two sets of beams, which can form an interdigitated structure. This is equivalent to reducing the spacing angle between adjacent beams, thereby reducing the probability that the human eye cannot see the beams and reducing blind spots.

[0067] The technical solution of this embodiment employs a projection module including an image component, a projection lens, and a deflector. The deflector includes an incident light surface, an exit light surface, a first reflective film, and a second reflective film. The image component is configured to display an image to be projected. The projection lens is configured to project the image onto the incident light surface of the deflector. The incident light surface and the exit light surface intersect, and along a first direction, the projection lens, the incident light surface, the first reflective film, and the second reflective film are arranged sequentially. The first reflective film is configured to reflect a portion of the light incident on it to the exit light surface of the deflector and transmit another portion of the light to the second reflective film. The second reflective film is configured to reflect the light incident on it to the exit light surface of the deflector. A preset interval exists between the first reflective film and the second reflective film. The image component and the projection lens constitute vector pixels. The deflector multiplexes the vector pixels to form two virtual images of vector pixels, thereby reusing display resources, improving resolution, and forming a light field display system with a large viewing angle using fewer projection modules. The light beams generated by the two vector pixel virtual images are incident on different positions of the unidirectional beam expander, thus producing two sets of light beams. The two sets of light beams have an interdigitated structure, which makes the interval angle between the two adjacent light beams smaller, reducing the blind spot in the field of view and forming a crosstalk-free, high-resolution, wide-viewing-angle light length display.

[0068] Optionally, referring to Figures 1 to 3, the deflector 113 includes a first prism 1135 and a second prism 1136; the first prism 1135 is a triangular prism, with its first side surface serving as the light-incident surface of the deflector; the second side surface of the first prism serves as part of the light-outceasing surface of the deflector; and the first reflective film 1133 is attached to the third side surface of the first prism; the second prism is a trapezoidal prism, with its first side surface attached to the first reflective film 1133, and the second reflective film 1134 attached to the second side surface of the trapezoidal prism; wherein the first side surface of the trapezoidal prism is opposite to the second side surface of the trapezoidal prism; and the first prism 1135 and the second prism 1136 have the same refractive index.

[0069] The first prism 1135 includes two bottom surfaces and three side surfaces, namely the first side surface, the second side surface, and the third side surface, and the three side surfaces are connected in pairs. The first prism can be an isosceles right-angle prism or a non-isosceles prism. In this application, the first prism is set as a right-angle prism, and the optical axis of the projection lens 112 is perpendicular to the first side surface of the first prism. Therefore, the light emitted from the projection lens 112 along the optical axis will enter the deflection mirror perpendicularly without changing its direction, which is more conducive to the calculation of the image surface of the projection lens. Here, isosceles refers to the two sides of the first side surface and the second side surface of the first prism, and right-angle means that the first side surface and the second side surface of the first prism are perpendicular.

[0070] A first reflective film 1133 is attached to the third side surface of the first prism 1135. The first reflective film 1133 is, for example, the same size as the third side surface of the first prism and completely covers it. Additionally, the first reflective film 1133 is also the same size as the first side surface of the second prism 1136 and completely covers it. The first reflective film 1133 can be a polarizing reflective film, reflecting light of a first polarization state and transmitting light of a second polarization state, wherein the first polarization state and the second polarization state are different. For example, the first polarization state light is P-ray, and the second polarization state light is S-ray. The light emitted from the projection lens 112 can be decomposed into P-ray and S-ray, and when the light emitted from the projection lens 112 passes through the first reflective film 1133, the P-ray is reflected and the S-ray is transmitted. When the S-ray is incident on the second reflective film 1134, the S-ray is reflected.

[0071] The second prism 1136 is, for example, a trapezoidal prism, comprising four side surfaces and two base surfaces. The overall structure of the deflector 113 is a triangular prism. Its incident surface 1131 is composed of a first side surface of the first prism 1135 and a side surface of the second prism 1136. Since the thicknesses of the first and second reflective films are relatively small, their influence can be ignored. The emitting surface 1132 is composed of a second side surface of the first prism 1135 and a side surface of the second prism 1136. The second reflective film 1134 is attached to the second side surface of the second prism 1136; the second reflective film 1134 can be a total internal reflection film.

[0072] In some other embodiments, the first reflective film 1133 can also be a semi-transparent, semi-reflective film. However, when the first reflective film is a semi-transparent, semi-reflective film, some of the light reflected by the second reflective film 1134 will still be reflected back to the second reflective film 1134 after passing through the first reflective film 1133. Multiple beams of light will reflect back and forth between the first reflective film 1133 and the second reflective film 1134, thus forming multiple vector pixel virtual images. When the display brightness is high, these excess vector pixel virtual images may cause display crosstalk. Furthermore, the light reflected back to the first reflective film after the first reflection by the second reflective film will have its transmitted light energy weakened, resulting in lower brightness for the second vector pixel virtual image, requiring brightness compensation.

[0073] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the first prism 1135 and the second prism 1136 have the same refractive index. Light transmitted through the first reflective film 1133 will enter the second prism 1136 along its original propagation direction. Subsequently, it is only necessary to control the spacing and / or tilt angle between the first and second reflective films to control the interval angle between two adjacent beams in the two sets of beams generated corresponding to the two vector pixel virtual images.

[0074] Optionally, in the above embodiment, the light-incident surfaces of the projection lens 112 and the deflector are fitted together.

[0075] This application also provides a display unit, as shown in FIG4, which is a structural schematic diagram of a display unit provided in an embodiment of this application. The display unit 1 includes a rotating structure 12 and at least one projection module 11 as provided in any embodiment of this application; the projection module 11 is disposed at the edge of the rotating structure 12.

[0076] The rotating structure 12 is, for example, disk-shaped and capable of rotation. The projection module 11 is fixed to the edge of the rotating structure 12, and rotates along with the rotating structure 12 when the rotating structure 12 rotates. In some embodiments, the light emission direction of the projection module 11 is perpendicular to the rotating structure 12.

[0077] In the light field display scheme, a projection module 11 can provide at least one display pixel for the display surface, which is the visual imaging surface for the observer. Different imaging pixels in the image component 111 can provide beams of light at different angles to the same display pixel, or different imaging pixels in the image component 111 can provide beams of light at the same or different angles to different display pixels. When the rotating structure 12 rotates, the projection module 11 also rotates. When the projection module 11 rotates to different positions, it provides beams of light at corresponding angles to the same or different display pixels on the display surface.

[0078] In this embodiment, by setting a rotating structure 12 and fixing the projection module 11 on the rotating structure 12, a display unit 1 using a smaller number of projection modules 11 can provide light beams to a larger number of display pixels on the display surface, thereby achieving light field display at a lower cost and higher resolution. Simultaneously, the projection module 11 includes the deflecting mirror described herein, which can also realize the reuse of vector pixels and expand the field of view.

[0079] Optionally, Figure 5 is a side view of another projection module provided in an embodiment of this application, Figure 6 is a structural schematic diagram of a projection module provided in an embodiment of this application, and Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the relative positional relationship between a projection module and a unidirectional beam expander provided in an embodiment of this application. Referring to Figures 5 to 7, the display unit further includes a unidirectional beam expander 21; the light-emitting surface 1132 of the deflector 113 and the unidirectional beam expander 21 are arranged along the second direction Y; the unidirectional beam expander 21 is configured to unidirectionally expand the emitted light of the deflector 113 along the first direction X; the plane formed by the first direction X and the third direction Z has a preset angle θ at the intersection line with the first reflective film 1133 and the intersection line with the second reflective film 1134, wherein the third direction Z is perpendicular to both the first direction X and the second direction Y.

[0080] The unidirectional beam expander 21 may include, for example, a cylindrical lens grating, or it may include two opposing cylindrical lens gratings. The unidirectional beam expander 21 includes a plurality of protrusions arranged along a first direction X, with an intercept of less than 50 micrometers or less than 140 micrometers between adjacent protrusions. Light emitted from each imaging pixel in the projection module 11 can cover the plurality of protrusions on the unidirectional beam expander 21, thereby expanding the beam through the unidirectional beam expander 21 to form multiple beams.

[0081] When a user views the stereoscopic image displayed on display unit 1, the user is positioned on the side of the unidirectional expander diaphragm 21 away from the rotating structure 12. The line connecting the user's eyes intersects with the first direction X. For example, multiple protrusions in the unidirectional expander diaphragm 21 are arranged along the first direction X and extend along a third direction Z, with the third direction Z, the second direction Y, and the first direction X being mutually perpendicular. In practical applications, the first direction X can be vertical, and the line connecting the user's eyes can, for example, be parallel to the third direction Z.

[0082] Because of the unidirectional beam expander 21, the beam of the imaging pixel is unidirectionally opened in the first direction X, so the beam of multiple imaging pixels can be viewed from multiple positions, thus enabling the display unit to have more viewpoints.

[0083] The first reflective film 1133 and the second reflective film 1134 have a preset interval. Although this allows the two sets of beams formed by the two vector pixel virtual images to have an interdigitated structure, the two sets of beams will also have a certain angle in the third direction Z. Therefore, in this embodiment, a preset angle θ is set so that the emitted light from the two vector pixel virtual images has a certain angle in the third direction Z. After being expanded by the unidirectional beam expander, the beams located in different beam groups will not enter the user's two eyes separately, that is, the two eyes will not see the images formed by the two vector pixel virtual images at the same time. In this embodiment, 2.5mrad < θ < 7.5mrad can be set.

[0084] Optionally, Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of a projection module and a unidirectional beam expander combined to generate a fan-shaped rib beam according to an embodiment of this application. Referring to Figure 8, in this embodiment, the display unit is configured to expand each beam emitted from the projection module 11 into multiple fan-shaped rib beams after passing through the unidirectional beam expander 21.

[0085] In some embodiments, the divergence angle, spectral width, wavelength of the imaging lens (i.e., projection lens 112), and the intercept between two adjacent protrusions on the unidirectional beam expander 21 jointly determine whether a fan-shaped rib beam is formed when the light beam illuminates the unidirectional beam expander 21. As shown in Figure 8, each imaging pixel in the projection module 11 generates two fan-shaped rib beam groups after passing through the deflector and the unidirectional beam expander 21, such as a first fan-shaped rib beam group 31A and a second fan-shaped rib beam group 31B, respectively. The first fan-shaped rib beam group 31A includes multiple first fan-shaped rib beams 311 arranged along the first direction X, and the second fan-shaped rib beam group 31B includes multiple second fan-shaped rib beams 312 arranged along the first direction X. Furthermore, the first fan-shaped rib beam group 31A and the second fan-shaped rib beam group 31B have a certain angle between them in the third direction Z, and this angle is positively correlated with a preset angle θ. A fan-rib beam group refers to a plurality of beams having a convergence point and an angle (also called a spacing angle) between two adjacent fan-rib beams at the convergence point. In some embodiments, each fan-rib beam in the fan-rib beam group has a divergence angle. In some examples, each fan-rib beam in the fan-rib beam group has a divergence angle of approximately 1 milliradian (mrad). Furthermore, the focal point of the fan-rib beam group may not be in the plane of the unidirectional beam expander 21, and due to the narrowness of the fan-rib beams, this is equivalent to reducing the entrance pupil diameter, thereby increasing the imaging depth of field.

[0086] Optionally, referring to Figures 5 to 8, there is a preset interval between the first reflective film 1133 and the second reflective film 1134, so that the beam emitted from the projection lens 112, after being reflected by the first reflective film 1133 and expanded by the unidirectional beam expander 21 to form multiple fan-shaped rib beams (such as the first fan-shaped rib beam 311), and the multiple fan-shaped rib beams (such as the second fan-shaped rib beam 312) after being reflected by the second reflective film 1134 and expanded by the unidirectional beam expander 21, are interdigitated; and in the first direction X, there is an interval angle greater than or equal to 2.5 milliradians between two adjacent fan-shaped rib beams.

[0087] In this embodiment, a preset interval is set between the two reflective films, making the two fan-shaped rib beam groups interdigitated in the first direction X. Because the two fan-shaped rib beam groups are interdigitated, the fan-shaped rib beams in the two groups complement each other, resulting in a smaller interval angle between adjacent fan-shaped rib beams in the first direction X, thereby reducing blind spots. The preset interval can be the interval between the center points of the two reflective films.

[0088] As shown in Figure 3, there is a preset interval between the first reflective film 1133 and the second reflective film 1134, such that the distance between the optical centers of the first vector pixel virtual image 111A and the second vector pixel virtual image 111B is Δ. This results in the beam emitted from the projection lens, after being reflected by the first reflective film 1133 and expanded by the unidirectional beam expander to form multiple fan-shaped rib beams, and the multiple fan-shaped rib beams formed after being reflected by the second reflective film 1134 and expanded by the unidirectional beam expander, forming an interdigitated structure. Δ / L > 0.002 can be configured. When Δ / L > 0.002, the fan ribs (i.e., fan-shaped rib beams) of the two beams incident on the same point of the unidirectional beam expander after passing through the unidirectional beam expander are misaligned by an angle of Δ / L, where Δ is the horizontal distance between the optical centers of the imaging lens corresponding to the first and second reflective films, and L is the distance from the unidirectional beam expander to the imaging lens imaged by the first reflective film.

[0089] Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the positional relationship of a vector pixel virtual image provided in an embodiment of this application, as shown in Figures 3 and 9. O1 and O2 are the convergence points of the backward extension lines of the beams of the imaging lens after passing through the first and second reflective films, that is, the first and second virtual images of the optical center of the imaging lens. When the refractive index of the deflecting mirror is relatively large or the output angle of the imaging lens is small, the distance between O1 and O2 in the output direction (i.e., the second direction Y) is relatively small. The output light distribution of the first and second virtual images in the first direction X is relatively close. That is, the light distribution of different beams after passing through the first and second reflective films remains approximately the same. For example, the interval angle between adjacent beams of multiple beams inside a single fan beam is approximately the same, and the interval angle between adjacent beams of multiple beams inside different fan beams is approximately the same. This is equivalent to only the translation of the optical center of the imaging lens in the first direction, which ensures the uniformity and stability of the interdigitated beams.

[0090] As shown in Figure 10, Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of the emitted light corresponding to the positional relationship of a vector pixel virtual image provided in another embodiment of this application. When the distance between o1 and o2 in the second direction Y is large, the angle between the emitted light angles of o1 and o2 (e.g., the angle β with the second direction Y) is large. When the angle β reaches a certain value, the angle between the beams of o1 and o2 reaching the same point on the unidirectional beam expander is small or almost coincident, forming two fan-shaped beams that are basically adjacent or coincident, making it impossible to achieve interdigitated display.

[0091] Therefore, as shown in Figure 11, which is a schematic diagram of the positional relationship between a deflector and a projection lens provided in an embodiment of this application, referring to Figure 11, when the refractive index n of the deflector is small or the exit angle of the imaging lens is large, in order to keep the distance between o1 and o2 small in the light exit direction, at least one of the deflector and the projection lens needs to be deflected so that the light emitted from the projection lens and the incident surface of the deflector have an angle not equal to 90 degrees.

[0092] In addition, in this embodiment, the fan-shaped rib beams are spaced at an angle greater than or equal to 2.5 milliradians, so that within a certain viewing distance (such as 0.5 meters to 6 meters), two fan-shaped rib beams will not enter the same eye of the user at the same time.

[0093] Optionally, the plane formed by the first direction X and the third direction Z intersects the first reflective film 1133 and the second reflective film 1134 at a preset angle θ. The preset angle is in the range of 2.5 mrad to 7.5 mrad, so that the beam emitted from the projection lens 112, after being reflected by the first reflective film 1133 and expanded by the unidirectional beam expander to form multiple fan-shaped rib beams, and after being reflected by the second reflective film 1134 and expanded by the unidirectional beam expander, have an angle in the third direction ranging from 5 mrad to 15 mrad.

[0094] The preset angle θ needs to be set so that the angle between the two fan-shaped rib beam groups in the third direction Z satisfies the following relationship: within a certain viewing distance, viewing points located in the projection direction will not simultaneously see the same imaging pixel. That is, in the third direction Z, if one of the user's eyes is illuminated by the first fan-shaped rib beam 311, then the other eye will not be illuminated by the second fan-shaped rib beam 312. Based on this, the preset angle θ can be set so that the angle between the two fan-shaped rib beam groups ranges from 5mrad to 15mrad. Then, within a certain viewing distance, one fan-shaped rib beam from one fan-shaped rib beam group will be illuminated into one of the user's eyes, while the fan-shaped rib beams from the other fan-shaped rib beam group will be located between the user's two eyes or outside the other eye in the third direction Z.

[0095] Optionally, referring to FIG4, the display unit 1 includes at least one first projection module 11A and at least one second projection module 11B; along the radial direction of the rotating structure 12, the distance between the first projection module 11A and the center CO of the rotating structure 12 is different from the distance between the second projection module 11B and the center CO of the rotating structure 12.

[0096] In this embodiment, at least two projection modules 11 are provided in the display unit 1, and at least two projection modules 11 are at different distances from the center CO of the rotating structure 12. On the display surface, different projection modules correspond to different display pixels, thereby enabling a higher resolution of the display pixels on the display surface.

[0097] When the positions of multiple modules in display unit 1 are determined, such as the distance between projection lens 112 and image component 111, and the distance between deflector 113 and unidirectional beam expander 21, the position of the display surface and the size of the display pixels on the display surface are also determined. The size of the display pixels on the display surface can be understood as the interval between two adjacent display pixels on the display surface (the interval size is defined as pixelsize). The distance between the first projection module 11A and the center CO along the radial direction of the rotating structure 12, and the distance between the second projection module 11B and the center CO, can be set to (N+1 / 2)*pixelsize, where N is an integer. Figure 12 is a schematic diagram illustrating the principle of mutual supplementation of different fan-shaped ribbed beams in Figure 8. When the first projection module 11A and the second projection module 11B are installed with a half-pixel offset, for example, the interval angle between the two fan-shaped rib beams 311A ​​in the first fan-shaped rib beam group generated by the first projection module 11A is 10 milliradians, and the angle between the fan-shaped rib beam 312A in the second fan-shaped rib beam group and the aforementioned fan-shaped rib beam is 2.5 milliradians. The interval angle between the fan-shaped rib beam 311B in the first fan-shaped rib beam group generated by the second projection module 11B and the fan-shaped rib beam in the first fan-shaped rib beam group generated by the first projection module 11A is 5 milliradians, and the angle between the fan-shaped rib beam 311B and the fan-shaped rib beam 311A ​​in the second fan-shaped rib beam group generated by the second projection module 11B is also 2.5 milliradians. In other words, the fan-shaped rib beams of the two projection modules complement each other, so that the interval angle between any two adjacent fan-shaped rib beams in the first direction is 2.5 milliradians. This ensures that when the user's eye moves in the first direction X, there will be no situation where no fan-shaped rib beam enters the user's eye, nor will there be two fan-shaped rib beams entering the user's eye at the same time.

[0098] In summary, the display unit 1 of this embodiment, by setting a preset angle in the deflection mirror and installing the two projection modules with a half-pixel offset, ensures that the interval angle between any two adjacent fan-shaped rib beams in the four fan-shaped rib beams in the first direction X is 2.5 milliradians. This guarantees that when the user's eye moves in the first direction X, there will be no situation where no fan-shaped rib beam enters the user's eye, nor will there be a situation where two fan-shaped rib beams enter the user's eye at the same time.

[0099] In addition, by setting at least one first projection module 11A and at least one second projection module 11B, the display pixels can be interlaced, thereby improving the flickering phenomenon.

[0100] In the above embodiments, the light emitted from the projection module 11 is expanded on the unidirectional beam expander 21 to form a fan-shaped rib beam.

[0101] In some other embodiments, optionally, as shown in FIG13, FIG13 is a schematic diagram of a display unit and a unidirectional beam expander generating a fan-shaped light beam according to an embodiment of the present application. In this embodiment, the display unit is configured to expand multiple light beams emitted from the projection module 11 into multiple fan-shaped surface light beams, i.e., fan-shaped light beams, through the unidirectional beam expander 21.

[0102] In this embodiment, the unidirectional beam expander 21 expands each beam from the projection module 11 into a fan-shaped surface beam. This fan-shaped surface beam is continuous in the first direction X and has a convergence point. Similar to the formation of a fan-shaped rib beam described above, the divergence angle, spectral width, wavelength of the imaging lens, and the intercept between two adjacent protrusions on the unidirectional beam expander 21 jointly determine whether a beam irradiating the unidirectional beam expander 21 forms a fan-shaped rib beam or a fan-shaped surface beam. Therefore, by setting the above parameters, the display unit can form a fan-shaped surface beam. Since the fan-shaped surface beam is continuous in the first direction X, there is no blind spot in the field of vision when the eye is positioned between two fan-shaped rib beams. Furthermore, the deflection mirror increases the resolution of the two fan-shaped surface beams. However, since the convergence point of the fan-shaped surface beam is located on the unidirectional beam expander, the imaging depth is smaller compared to the fan-shaped rib beam.

[0103] For example, as shown in FIG13, due to the presence of a deflecting mirror, a beam formed by one display pixel in the projection module 11 will form two fan-shaped surface beams, such as a first fan-shaped surface beam 321A and a second fan-shaped surface beam 321B. The preset angle θ of the first reflective film 1133 and the second reflective film 1134 is similar to the above scheme, that is, when one fan-shaped surface beam is incident on one of the user's eyes, the other fan-shaped surface beam will not enter the user's other eye.

[0104] Optionally, in some embodiments, as shown in Figures 2 and 7, the plane formed by the first direction X and the second direction Y is parallel to the intersection line of the first reflective film 1133 and the intersection line of the second reflective film 1134.

[0105] In this embodiment, any plane defined by the first direction X and the second direction Y is parallel to the intersection line of the two reflective films. The spacing angle between the two fan-shaped ribbed beam groups formed corresponding to the same imaging pixel is only related to the preset spacing between the two reflective films, thus reducing the difficulty of calculating the preset spacing and reducing the design difficulty of the display unit.

[0106] Optionally, Figure 14 is a side view of another display unit provided in an embodiment of this application, Figure 15 is a structural schematic diagram of a zoom lens group provided in an embodiment of this application, Figure 16 is a schematic diagram of the positional relationship of a zoom lens group provided in an embodiment of this application, and Figure 17 is a structural schematic diagram of another display unit provided in an embodiment of this application. Referring to Figures 14 to 17, the display unit 1 further includes at least one zoom lens group 51 corresponding to at least one projection module 11. The zoom lens group 51 includes at least one zoom lens; the zoom lens can be moved between the image component 111 and the projection lens 112 of the corresponding projection module 11.

[0107] When the rotating structure 12 rotates, the relative positional relationship between the zoom lens group 51 and the corresponding projection module 11 remains unchanged. Furthermore, the zoom lens group 51 can be fixed between the image component 111 and the projection lens 112 of the corresponding projection module 11, or fixed outside of the image component 111 and the projection lens 112 of the corresponding projection module 11. Each zoom lens group 51 contains multiple zoom lenses. When different zoom lenses are fixed between the image component 111 and the projection lens 112, because the refractive index of the zoom lens is different from that of air, it is equivalent to changing the optical path between the image component 111 and the projection lens 112. Consequently, the imaging surface corresponding to the projection lens 112 will also change. Therefore, the imaging surface can be adjusted by adding different zoom lenses between the image component 111 and the projection lens 112.

[0108] The different zoom lenses in the same zoom lens group 51 have different thicknesses; the zoom lenses can be, for example, glass sheets. Furthermore, when a zoom lens is added, the position of the display surface changes, and the spacing between display pixels also changes. Therefore, the pixel size mentioned above can be calculated when no zoom lens is added between the image component and the projection lens.

[0109] Optionally, as shown in Figures 15 and 16, the zoom lens assembly 51 can move on the zoom lens track 52, which is fixed to the rotating structure 12. The center of the zoom lens track 52 coincides with the center of the rotating structure 12. When the number of projection modules set on the rotating structure 12 is greater than one, all zoom lens assemblies 51 can be set on the same zoom lens track 52. Furthermore, when a projection module needs to be equipped with a zoom lens, the thickness of the zoom lenses added to different projection modules is the same.

[0110] In the above embodiments, the zoom lens can move along the rotation direction of the rotating structure to a position between or outside the image component 111 and the projection lens 112 of the corresponding projection module 11. In other embodiments, the zoom lens can also be moved along the second direction Y, thereby moving to a position between or outside the projection lens 112 and the image component 111; in this method, for example, the movement of the zoom lens can be controlled by a relay. In this embodiment, it is also necessary to ensure that the zoom lens group can rotate with the rotation of the rotating structure. In addition, when the rotating structure rotates, the distance between the zoom lens group and the corresponding projection lens remains unchanged in the radial direction of the rotating structure, that is, the movement direction of the zoom lens group does not occur in the radial direction of the rotating structure, so as not to disrupt the dynamic balance of the display unit 1 and thus affect the stability of the display system.

[0111] For example, if there is no zoom lens between the projection lens 112 and the image component 111, the projection lens 112 is adjusted so that the image component 111 images at -2m (the location of the physical screen of the light field display, such as the unidirectional beam expander) as the origin of the coordinates. The direction from the physical screen to the user is positive, and the opposite direction is negative (e.g., -1m is the distance 2m from the physical screen, inside the physical screen). At this time, the image of the image component relative to the projection lens is a virtual image. If the distance between the observer and the display screen is 0.5m-2m, the distance between the virtual image and the observer is in the range of 1.5m-3m. When the person moves away from the display... When viewing from a distance greater than 4m, the distance between the displayed virtual image and the viewer is greater than 6m. At this distance, the viewer's eyes have lost the ability to distinguish stereoscopic radial distances, making it unnecessary to display the image layer at 6m. Instead, displaying the image layer within a range of 0.5m-4m, where the viewer's stereoscopic vision is stronger, is essential. In this case, a zoom lens with a certain thickness is placed between the image component 111 and the projection lens 112. For example, the focal length of the projection lens 112 is f = 6mm, the distance between the projection lens 112 and the image component 111 is u = 5.964mm, and the image distance is v = -1000mm. When the zoom lens glass with a refractive index n = 1.52 and a thickness d = 0.055mm is moved between the image component 111 and the projection lens 112, the optical path difference Δ = n * d = 0.084mm. The image of the image component 111 will then be projected 0.5m in front of the physical screen, providing more suitable display pixels for a viewer 4m away from the screen. If the viewer is further away from the screen, the thicker glass plate on the zoom lens can be moved between the image assembly and the projection lens.

[0112] Optionally, Figure 18 is a schematic diagram of a projection module splicing according to an embodiment of this application, Figure 19 is an ideal schematic diagram of a projection module splicing according to an embodiment of this application, and Figure 20 is an implementation schematic diagram of a projection module splicing according to an embodiment of this application. Referring to Figures 18 to 20, the display unit 1 includes at least one projection module group 11C, and the projection module group 11C includes at least two projection modules 11; in the projection module group 11C, the center distance between different projection modules 11 and the center distance between them and the rotating structure 12 is the same, and the tilt angle of different projection modules 11 relative to the corresponding rotation trajectory is different.

[0113] Generally speaking, the angular resolution of the human eye is 0.28 mrad. When it is desired that the imaging pixels on the image component can achieve the angular resolution of the human eye after passing through the projection lens, with the visible light center wavelength of 0.55 μm and the lens's F.no = 2.0, the minimum focal length of the projection lens needs to be 4.79 mm.

[0114] Furthermore, when the focal length of the projection lens is small, its imaging angle is relatively large, and the distortion of the imaging system is usually relatively large. The pixel size at the optical center of the projection lens and the pixel size at the imaging edge usually vary greatly, and the brightness of the edge pixels is usually more than 50% lower than that at the center. In order to make the display pixels of the light field display more uniform and the brightness loss less, a projection lens with less distortion is usually selected. However, the viewing angle of a projection lens with less distortion is usually also smaller. For example, a focal length of f=6mm has less distortion, but when it is used with an image component with a side length of 4.7mm, the imaging viewing angle is only 40 degrees, which is far from meeting the viewing needs. In order to meet the needs of large-view light field display, this application proposes a scheme to expand the field of view (FOV) of the light field display screen, as shown in Figures 18 and 19. Two obliquely mounted projection modules are spliced ​​together with a centrally mounted projection module to form a large-view projection module group. The projection optical centers of the three projection modules coincide, which is equivalent to a large-view projection module projecting a beam of light into space.

[0115] However, projection modules are usually of a certain size, and it is impossible to achieve splicing of viewing angles by directly tilting them. This application proposes to install projection modules on the circumference of the display unit at different angles, as shown in Figure 19. The projection modules with different tilt angles are separated in space, but the optical centers of all projection modules are on a circle. The center of this circle is coaxial with the rotation center of the rotating structure. When the display unit rotates, the optical centers of the projection modules coincide in time, thus splicing small-view projection modules into a large-view projection module.

[0116] In addition, when projection modules located on the same diameter of the rotating structure are misaligned by half or N+1 / 2 display pixels, interlaced scanning can be achieved, reducing display flicker while increasing resolution.

[0117] Optionally, in some other embodiments, in addition to wide-viewing-angle splicing, color splicing can also be performed. As shown in Figure 21, Figure 21 is a schematic diagram of color splicing of a projection module provided in an embodiment of this application. In this embodiment, a projection module group includes at least one first-color projection module 11R, at least one second-color projection module 11G, and at least one third-color projection module 11B, and projection modules of the same color in the same projection module group can be spliced ​​with a wide viewing angle. The image component of the first-color projection module 11R is, for example, a red microLED display chip, the image component of the second-color projection module 11G is, for example, a green microLED display chip, and the image component of the third-color projection module 11B is, for example, a blue microLED display chip.

[0118] Currently, the development of micro LED display chips with small pitch is quite rapid. Monochrome micro LEDs, with their high brightness and yield, are the preferred display chips. When using monochrome display chips, RGB three-color combination display becomes necessary. The display unit proposed in this application can perform color splicing display in addition to viewing angle splicing. As shown in Figure 18, the projection module composed of RGB three-color display chips is installed on the same rotation radius of the display unit, and the RGB three-color combination display is performed in time by rotating the display unit. To facilitate display control, the RGB three colors can be placed as close as possible during color combination, for example, the angle with the rotation center is less than 1 degree.

[0119] Optionally, in some other embodiments, as shown in FIG22, FIG22 is a schematic diagram of another display unit provided in an embodiment of the present application. The display unit further includes a fan-shaped vector pixel 61 disposed on the rotating structure. The difference between the fan-shaped vector pixel 61 and the projection module 11 is that the fan-shaped vector pixel only includes an image component and a projection lens, but does not include a deflecting mirror. The projection lens in the fan-shaped vector pixel 61 has a larger FOV and a larger light-emitting aperture. The light-emitting surface of the projection lens in the fan-shaped vector pixel 61 faces directly towards the unidirectional beam expander. Therefore, the image of the fan-shaped vector pixel is directly imaged on the unidirectional beam expander. Finally, after passing through the unidirectional beam expander, fan-shaped light is formed. When viewed by the human eye, there will be a display surface on the unidirectional beam expander. Finally, the fan-shaped light forms a stereoscopic image with parallax in the human eye.

[0120] This application also provides a display system, as shown in FIG23, which is a structural schematic diagram of a display system provided in an embodiment of this application. The display system includes the display unit 1 as described above; wherein, a plurality of rotating structures are arranged in an array; wherein, the rotating structures in the odd-numbered columns are staggered with the rotating structures in the even-numbered columns; any two adjacent rotating structures are tangent.

[0121] In the aforementioned display unit, since there is only one rotating structure, the number of projection modules that can be set on a single rotating structure is relatively small, and consequently, the number of display pixels that the viewer can see is also relatively small, making it impossible to display a large-screen image.

[0122] In this embodiment, by setting up multiple rotating structures 12 arranged in an array and corresponding projection modules 11, a large-scale light field display can be achieved.

[0123] Optionally, as shown in Figure 23, in the display system, the unidirectional beam expander corresponding to all display units is an integral structure. When viewing, the unidirectional beam expander can be placed vertically, with the viewer facing the unidirectional beam expander, and multiple protruding structures in the unidirectional beam expander are arranged vertically and extend horizontally.

[0124] In some implementations, the display system further includes an eye-tracking component configured to track the position of the user's eye and feed that position back to the display system. The display system determines the state of the projection module in each display unit based on the user's eye position, that is, the relationship between the position of the projection module and the imaging pixels to be projected. For example, if the user's eye is at 0 degrees relative to a projection module, the projection module is controlled to provide an imaging beam to a vertical column of display pixels. When the user's eye is at other angles relative to a projection module, the projection module provides imaging beams at other angles to the display pixels.

[0125] In the display system, by setting the odd and even columns of rotating structures to be staggered, and any two adjacent rotating structures to be tangent, it can be ensured that there are no display gaps in the extension direction of the raised structure (the horizontal direction as described above), thus ensuring that the viewer has a continuous viewpoint when moving.

[0126] Alternatively, in some embodiments, as shown in FIG23, all rotating structures 12 are located on the same plane.

[0127] In some other embodiments, as shown in FIG24, FIG24 is a schematic diagram of another display system provided in an embodiment of the present application. In this embodiment, all rotating structures are located on the same arc surface. The corresponding unidirectional beam expander 21 is also set as an arc surface structure, thereby realizing arc-shaped light field display.

[0128] This application also provides a display system, as shown in FIG25, which is a structural schematic diagram of a display lamp post provided in an embodiment of this application. The display system includes at least one lamp post 81, and each lamp post 81 is provided with a projection module 11 as described above; the display system also includes a unidirectional beam expander 21, and the light-emitting surface of the deflector and the unidirectional beam expander are arranged along a second direction; the unidirectional beam expander is configured to unidirectionally expand the light emitted from the deflector along a first direction X.

[0129] The display system shown in Figures 23 and 24 uses a disc-shaped display unit rotating around a disc axis to achieve scanning display. In this embodiment, the projection module is vertically arranged on the lamp post 81, and the movement of the lamp post 81 achieves scanning motion display. The projection module is vertically arranged on the lamp post 81, and a unidirectional beam expander 21 is installed on the outside of the lamp post 81. When the pixels of the image component pass through the unidirectional beam expander, they are expanded vertically by the unidirectional beam expander. Since the emitted beam of the projection module is directional, there is no beam expander in the horizontal direction. Therefore, the viewer can see the imaging pixels in the column direction, and only one or a few imaging pixels in the horizontal direction can be seen.

[0130] Optionally, Figure 26 is a top view of another display system provided in an embodiment of this application, and Figure 27 is a front view of another display system provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0131] In this embodiment, the display system includes multiple lamp posts 81 arranged in a circular pattern, which allows users to view a large-scale light field display image. As shown in Figure 27, the display system also includes a rotating axis 91 around which the multiple lamp posts 81 rotate in a circular motion.

[0132] Optionally, in this embodiment, the deflector is configured to form two virtual images of the same imaging pixel on the image assembly, with a spacing angle along the third direction Z on the unidirectional beam expander, for example, a misalignment of 5 milliradians. Due to the different mounting method of the deflector, the first reflective film and the second reflective film plane of the deflector have an angle θ compared to the aforementioned deflector, in addition to the included angle. Yes, it exists. As shown in Figure 28, which is a schematic diagram of another projection module provided in an embodiment of this application, in this embodiment, θ in the projection module is the same as described above, ensuring that the two sets of fan-shaped beams generated by one imaging pixel have a deflection angle of 2.5 milliradians. The angle causes the two beams of light from the fan-shaped ribs to have a large deflection angle in the horizontal direction, ensuring that the light from the fan-shaped ribs does not simultaneously illuminate the same eye of the observer and does not affect the other eye. Among these, The angle is the angle formed by the intersection of the plane formed by the first direction X and the second direction Y with the line of intersection with the first reflective film and the line of intersection with the second reflective film; wherein, The value range is 2.5 mrad to 7.5 mrad.

[0133] Optionally, in this embodiment, a zoom lens may also be provided. The zoom lens can be moved between the projection lens and the image component, and a special linkage device is required to realize the synchronous movement of all zoom lenses.

[0134] The display system described above may also include an eye-tracking component, which is configured to track the position of the human eye and feed that position back to the display system. The display system determines the state of the projection module in each display unit based on the human eye position, that is, the relationship between the position of the projection module and the imaging pixels to be projected.

Claims

1. A projection module, comprising an image component, a projection lens, and a deflector; the deflector comprising an incident light surface, an exit light surface, a first reflective film, and a second reflective film; The image component is configured to display the image to be projected; the projection lens is configured to project the image to be projected onto the incident surface of the deflector. The light-incident surface intersects the light-exit surface, and along the first direction, the projection lens, the light-incident surface, the first reflective film, and the second reflective film are arranged sequentially. The first reflective film is configured to reflect a portion of the light incident on it to the light-emitting surface of the deflector, and transmit another portion of the light to the second reflective film; the second reflective film is configured to reflect the light incident on it to the light-emitting surface of the deflector; there is a preset interval between the first reflective film and the second reflective film.

2. The projection module according to claim 1, wherein, The deflector includes a first prism and a second prism; the first prism is a triangular prism, the first side of the first prism serves as the light-incident surface of the deflector, the second side of the first prism serves as part of the light-outcrystal surface of the deflector, and the first reflective film is attached to the third side of the first prism. The second prism is a trapezoidal prism, with its first side surface attached to the first reflective film and the second reflective film attached to its second side surface; wherein the first side surface of the trapezoidal prism and its second side surface are opposite to each other. The first prism and the second prism have the same refractive index.

3. The projection module according to claim 1, wherein, The second reflective film is a total reflection film; The first reflective film is a polarization reflective film, which is configured to reflect light of a first polarization state and transmit light of a second polarization state; the first polarization state is different from the second polarization state; or, the first reflective film is a semi-transparent and semi-reflective film.

4. The projection module according to claim 1, wherein, The image component includes a dense display device.

5. A display unit comprising a rotating structure and at least one projection module as described in any one of claims 1-4; the projection module being disposed at the edge of the rotating structure.

6. The display unit according to claim 5 further includes a unidirectional beam expander; the light-emitting surface of the deflector and the unidirectional beam expander are arranged along a second direction; the unidirectional beam expander is configured to unidirectionally expand the emitted light from the deflector along the first direction; The plane formed by the first direction and the third direction intersects the first reflective film of the deflecting mirror and the second reflective film of the deflecting mirror at a predetermined angle; wherein, The third direction is perpendicular to both the first direction and the second direction.

7. The display unit according to claim 6, wherein, The plane formed by the first direction and the second direction is parallel to the line of intersection with the first reflective film and the line of intersection with the second reflective film.

8. The display unit according to claim 6, wherein, The unidirectional beam expander is also configured to expand the multiple beams emitted from the projection module into multiple fan-shaped surface beams.

9. The display unit according to claim 6, wherein, The unidirectional beam expander is also configured to expand each beam emitted from the projection module into multiple fan-shaped rib beams.

10. The display unit according to claim 9, wherein, The first reflective film and the second reflective film have a preset interval so that the distance between the optical centers of the first vector pixel virtual image and the second vector pixel virtual image is Δ. The beam emitted from the projection lens, after being reflected by the first reflective film and expanded by the unidirectional beam expander to form multiple fan-shaped rib beams, and the multiple fan-shaped rib beams formed after being reflected by the second reflective film and expanded by the unidirectional beam expander to form multiple fan-shaped rib beams are interdigitated. Wherein, Δ / L>0.002, L is the distance between the unidirectional beam expander and the imaging lens imaged by the first reflective film, the first vector pixel virtual image is the virtual image formed by the vector pixels composed of the projection lens and the image component through the first reflective film; the second vector pixel virtual image is the virtual image formed by the vector pixels composed of the projection lens and the image component through the second reflective film.

11. The display unit according to claim 9, wherein, The preset angle ranges from 2.5 mrad to 7.5 mrad, so that the angle between the beam emitted from the projection lens and the multiple fan-shaped rib beams formed by the unidirectional beam expander after being reflected by the first reflective film and then expanded by the first reflective film, and the multiple fan-shaped rib beams formed by the unidirectional beam expander after being reflected by the second reflective film and then expanded by the first reflective film, in the third direction is from 5 mrad to 15 mrad.

12. The display unit according to claim 10, wherein, The at least one projection module includes at least one first projection module and at least one second projection module; along the radial direction of the rotating structure, the distance between the first projection module and the center of the rotating structure is different from the distance between the second projection module and the center of the rotating structure.

13. The display unit according to claim 5 further includes at least one zoom lens group corresponding to the at least one projection module, the zoom lens group including at least one zoom lens; the zoom lens is movable between the image component and the projection lens of the corresponding projection module.

14. The display unit according to claim 5, comprising at least one projection module group, the projection module group comprising at least two projection modules; in the projection module group, different projection modules are equidistant from the center of the rotating structure, and different projection modules have different tilt angles relative to their corresponding rotation trajectories.

15. A display system comprising a plurality of display units as described in any one of claims 5-14; wherein, Multiple rotational structures are arranged in an array; the rotational structures in the odd-numbered columns are misaligned with those in the even-numbered columns; any two adjacent rotational structures are tangent.

16. The display system according to claim 15, wherein, The display unit also includes a unidirectional beam expander, and the unidirectional beam expander of all display units is an integral structure.

17. The display system according to claim 15, wherein, All rotating structures lie in the same plane or on the same arc surface.

18. A display system comprising at least one lamp post and a unidirectional beam expander; Each lamp post is equipped with multiple projection modules as described in any one of claims 1-4; The light-emitting surface of the deflector and the unidirectional beam expander are arranged along the second direction; the unidirectional beam expander is configured to unidirectionally expand the emitted light from the deflector along the first direction.

19. The display system according to claim 18, wherein, The number of lamp posts is multiple, and the multiple lamp posts are distributed in a circle.

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