Sensor matrix for beds, system and method for remote monitoring of bedridden individuals

Abstract

The present invention relates to a sensor matrix for beds, which incorporates a system for monitoring bedridden individuals for positioning between the bed (1) and the mattress (2), comprising a sensor matrix (3) having at least one layer of electrodes (31) comprising printed circuit modules (34) arranged in rows and columns juxtaposed with a layer of piezoresistive material (32). A microcontroller (4) and a data concentrator (5) are in communication with a local processing unit (6) and simultaneously with a user interface (7). Said sensor matrix (3) generates information regarding the pressure exerted by the bedridden individual's body on the electrodes (35), transmits the data to the microcontroller (4), which transmits the data to the data concentrator (5), which transmits the collected data to the local processing unit (6), which makes the information available on the user interface (7).

Description

[0001] Sensor matrix for beds, system and method for remote monitoring of bedridden patients.

[0002] Technical sector

[0003]

[0001] The present invention pertains to the field of devices and systems for the health area, more specifically to a sensor array for hospital beds, intended to integrate a continuous monitoring system for bedridden individuals.

[0004]

[0002] The sensor array consists of a layer of electrodes superimposed on a layer of piezoresistive material, both coated with protective materials, forming a flexible device for pressure measurement. The array offers pressure-proportional response, high resolution for monitoring patient position and condition, mechanical robustness, and low cost. Designed to be flexible, waterproof, non-toxic, and resistant to cleaning products, it is compatible with hospital beds without the need for adaptations.

[0005]

[0003] It responds electrically in proportion to the pressure applied to each measuring cell, and is designed to be installed between the mattress and the bed frame, functioning as a flexible "blanket" positioned under the patient. Its operating principle is based on the piezoresistive effect, in which the material alters its electrical impedance in response to the mechanical pressure exerted. To maximize the scope of the proposed technical effect, the sensor array employs inertial sensors, such as accelerometers and gyroscopes, to detect the angle of the moving parts of the hospital bed and monitor events such as patient movement, agitation, impacts, and other signals of interest. The digital processing of the signals is performed by a microcontroller in the array, which employs digital processing techniques to interpret the pressure and movement data.The collected data is sent to a data concentrator via wireless communication networks, which may include Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, GSM, HSPA, LTE, or NR.

[0006]

[0004] The data concentrator is an electronic device responsible for receiving information transmitted by the microcontroller from the sensor array and forwarding it to the local processing unit for storage and analysis. This unit can be a server operating in a virtual environment from a physical device or a cloud server. The microcontroller processes the data, calculates safety indicators related to the patient's condition, sends the data to the local processing unit, and allows this information to be displayed intuitively and visually to users via a user interface. The system also allows bidirectional integration with electronic health records and other hospital management software, providing a comprehensive and real-time view of patient safety data.

[0007] State of the art

[0008]

[0005] The often-overburdened healthcare system presents a challenging routine for care teams, who frequently care for dozens of patients simultaneously. In the context of both public and private hospitals and clinics, healthcare professionals face a high workload when individually and in person monitoring each bedridden patient. This becomes especially difficult in environments where there is no integrated and reliable remote monitoring system that is compatible with various types and brands of existing hospital equipment.

[0009]

[0006] Although some companies have developed devices and systems for remote patient monitoring, offering solutions for individual or group follow-up, these resources still face several limitations. Among the most common difficulties are the incompatibility between the device sensors and existing hospital beds, and inaccurate or incomplete monitoring, which compromises the system's effectiveness. These restrictions hinder the rapid identification of at-risk patients, impairing the prioritization of care and further overburdening professionals, who are forced to perform manual monitoring, increasing physical effort and mental workload.

[0010]

[0007] US patent document 2021183504 describes a system and method for predicting patient exit from a hospital bed using motion sensors to detect when the patient removes blankets. The system may include a patient monitoring device with RFID data transmission, positioned near the bed and integrated with items such as blankets, socks, wristbands, or anklets on the patient. This monitoring captures the patient's movements and indicates when they are about to get out of bed.

[0011]

[0008] However, the system has a significant limitation: RFID technology requires attaching RFID tags to the patient's blankets or clothing, demanding specific adaptations to items such as sheets, blankets, and clothing. This makes monitoring more invasive and can cause discomfort for the patient, as well as reduce the durability of the sensor system.

[0012]

[0009] Patent document US20220031196 describes a monitoring system that uses automated sensors and electronic signal processing to detect vital and non-vital signs, aiming at the early identification of physiological events. The system may include motion sensors, such as piezoelectric, vibration, pressure, or deformation sensors, installed under a resting surface, such as a bed, to capture patient movements, including breathing and heart rate. In addition, weight sensors may be used to identify when the patient is directly on the motion sensor, allowing the signals generated by it to be distinguished.

[0013]

[0010] However, a significant limitation of the described system is the need for a "learning mode," where the system adjusts to the specific movement patterns of each patient. This personalization process prevents the system from being applied to beds shared by multiple users, as the parameters learned for one patient are not applicable to another, limiting its versatility in environments with more than one user.

[0014]

[0011] Patent document BR 102013033927-0 describes a bed status monitoring system for a patient support device, which transmits information about the location and status of different parts of the equipment to a remote output. The system monitors variables such as the height of the support surface, the position of the side rails, the inflation status of an inflatable air mattress, and whether the patient has attempted to exit or exited the device.

[0015]

[0012] However, the system has limitations, as it does not provide specific information on the risk of falls or the formation of pressure injuries. Although it provides data on components such as air pockets in the mattress, allowing one to infer the risk of pressure ulcers, it does not classify these risks according to international protocols, requiring individualized analysis of each bed, which makes its use difficult in institutions with a large number of patients.

[0016] New features and purpose of the invention

[0017]

[0013] The present invention aims at a sensor array designed for use in various beds such as hospital and clinic beds, as well as a system and method that allows remote monitoring of at least one bedridden individual, effectively overcoming the limitations of the prior art mentioned above.

[0018]

[0014] The pressure sensor array is a flexible, mechanically robust, waterproof, non-toxic device that is resistant to solvents and cleaning products. The array is designed to be compatible with hospital beds from any manufacturer, without the need for adjustments or modifications to existing equipment.

[0019]

[0015] The matrix is ​​installed between the mattress and the bed frame or hospital bed, functioning as a rubber "blanket". Its operation is based on the piezoresistive effect, where each pressure measuring cell undergoes variations in electrical resistance when mechanical pressure is applied. The matrix is ​​designed so that the terminals of each measuring cell are connected in rows and columns, allowing individual reading of each cell through multiplexing techniques. The electrical resistance of each cell varies inversely with the applied pressure, according to Ohm's Law. When excited with constant voltage, the electric current that passes through the measuring cell varies proportionally to the resistance, which is influenced by the pressure.

[0016] The array also includes the use of accelerometers and gyroscopes to detect the angle of the moving parts of the bed, as well as patient movements, sudden jolts, impacts, and other events that can be monitored by inertial sensors. These sensors provide additional information about the patient's state and condition, helping to identify changes in position or unexpected movement.

[0020]

[0017] The processing of signals generated by the array is performed by a microcontroller, which converts analog signals into digital signals. Measurement communication is done via radio, using technologies such as Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, or GSM / HSPA / LTE / NR. The processed information is sent to a data concentrator, which is responsible for interpreting and transmitting the signals to a local processing unit, where the data will be stored and analyzed.

[0021]

[0018] This concentrator simplifies system installation as it does not require the creation of a pre-existing wireless network infrastructure. Furthermore, the data concentrator has a communication API, allowing integration between the sensor array, the microcontroller, and the local processing unit.

[0022]

[0019] The system's microcontroller is responsible for processing the received data, calculating patient safety indicators, and presenting them in an intuitive and visual way to healthcare professionals. The solution also enables bidirectional integration with digital health records and other management software used in healthcare, facilitating data access and quick, informed decision-making.

[0023] Advantages and technical effects of the invention

[0024]

[0020] The bedside sensor array, and the remote bedridden monitoring system and method, objects of the present invention, result in the following advantages and achieve the following technical effects over prior art devices and systems:

[0025] - Remote and real-time monitoring: Allows continuous monitoring of the bedridden patient in real time, without the need for constant presence of healthcare professionals;

[0026] - Non-invasive and contactless: The system is completely non-invasive, ensuring patient comfort and avoiding any risk of injury or physical discomfort;

[0027] - Flexibility of use: Works on hospital beds or beds from any manufacturer, without the need for adjustments or modifications, simplifying implementation;

[0028] - Easy installation: does not require a pre-existing wireless network infrastructure, allowing for quick and hassle-free installation;

[0029] - Mechanically robust and flexible: The sensor array is designed to be durable and resistant, withstanding the hospital environment, and flexible enough to adapt to different beds;

[0030] - Increased patient safety: The system improves overall patient safety by identifying risk situations and preventing complications such as falls or pressure ulcers;

[0031] - Integration with electronic health records: Facilitates integration with the patient's electronic health record, providing a broader and more detailed view of the patient's health history and progress;

[0032] - Improved operational efficiency: Automating monitoring and generating alerts allows healthcare professionals to focus on critical interventions, saving time and resources;

[0033] - Reduction of human error: Automated monitoring reduces reliance on manual observations, minimizing human error and improving the accuracy in identifying problems.

[0034] List of attached drawings

[0035]

[0021] In order that the present invention may be fully understood and put into practice by any technician in this technological sector, it is described in a clear, precise and sufficient manner, based on the attached drawings listed below:

[0036] Figure 1 - exploded perspective view illustrating the sensor array in a bed with a mattress;

[0037] Figure 2 - exploded perspective view illustrating the sensor array;

[0038] Figure 3 - exploded perspective view illustrating a constructive option for the sensor array;

[0039] Figure 4 - Perspective view of the electrode layer;

[0040] Figure 5 - Perspective view of a printed circuit board module;

[0041] Figure 6 - Perspective view of a pair of electrodes;

[0042] Figure 7 - Block diagram illustrating the monitoring system;

[0043] Figure 8 - Block diagram illustrating the monitoring system for two or more beds;

[0044] Figure 9 - Block diagram illustrating the microcontroller system;

[0045] Figure 10 - Flowchart of the monitoring method.

[0046] Detailed description of the invention

[0047]

[0022] Figures 1 and 2 illustrate the bed sensor array that performs bedridden individual monitoring, designed to be positioned on the bed (1) that will receive the mattress (2) where said mattress (2) will be positioned on the sensor array (3). The sensor array (3) comprises a layer of electrodes (31) juxtaposed to a layer of piezoresistive material (32), both encapsulated by upper and lower coverings (33). The sensor array (3) is equipped with a microcontroller (4) developed for receiving, reading and processing the signals from the electrode layers (31) and piezoresistive material (32) when subjected to compression forces exerted by the lying user.

[0048]

[0023] As shown in figure 3, alternatively, the sensor array (3) can be comprised of three layers, with the piezoresistive material layer (32) positioned between two electrode layers (31).

[0049]

[0024] Figure 4 details the electrode layer (31), formed by printed circuit modules (34) arranged in a 3-column by 5-row matrix, allowing individual reading of each module by means of multiplexing techniques. The printed circuit modules (34) are strategically distributed in the electrode layer (31). However, the arrangement of the modules can be adjusted to include different numbers of columns and rows, which makes it possible to manufacture the sensor matrix (3) for use in beds of different sizes available on the market.

[0050]

[0025] Figures 5 and 6 detail one of the printed circuit board modules (34) that make up the electrode layer (31), (electrode layer (31) detailed in Figure 4). Each printed circuit board module (34) contains 9 pairs of electrodes (35), where each pair is formed by an upper contact (35A) and a lower contact (35B) separated by a non-conductive region (35C). The electric current flows between the contacts (35A) and (35B), being modulated by the piezoresistive material layer (32) (piezoresistive material layer (32) illustrated in Figures 1 and 2). The dimensions of the electrodes can be adjusted according to the desired resolution for the sensor array (3).

[0051]

[0026] All components of the sensor array (3) are manufactured with flexible, waterproof, non-toxic materials that are resistant to solvents and cleaning products, enabling their use in various types of beds (1), including hospital beds from any manufacturer, without the need for modifications to existing equipment.

[0052]

[0027] For the application of the present invention, the printed circuit modules (34) are manufactured on a flexible polyamide substrate, with pairs of copper electrodes (35) coated with nickel and gold by the ENIG (Electroless Nickel Immersion Gold) process, due to its high electrical conductivity, resistance to oxidation and inert characteristics. The piezoresistive material layer (32) is manufactured from a conductive polymer formed by a synthetic elastomeric matrix of polyurethane and polyethylene, doped with carbon. The upper and lower coatings (33) are manufactured from synthetic rubber coated with a layer of nylon to ensure durability and protection. The electrical response of the printed circuit modules (34) is proportional to the pressure exerted on each pair of electrodes (35) which, in association with the piezoresistive material layer (32), form pressure measurement cells.Each pair of electrodes (35) exhibits a variation in electrical resistance that is inversely proportional to the mechanical pressure exerted on it. According to Ohm's law, when a constant voltage is applied to the pair of electrodes (35), the electric current that passes through it will vary according to the electrical resistance of the sensor element, which, in turn, changes as a function of the mechanical pressure applied.

[0053]

[0028] Figure 7 illustrates the bedridden patient monitoring system that employs the sensor array (3) interconnected to the microcontroller (4), responsible for processing the signals generated by the sensor array (3). After processing, the data is transmitted from the microcontroller (4) to the data concentrator (5), which ensures the continuity and efficiency of patient monitoring. The data concentrator (5) uses a communication API to send this information to the local processing unit (6), which also has a compatible communication API. This local processing unit (6) can be a local physical server or in the cloud, depending on the establishment's specifications, whether it is a hospital or a specialized clinic. In the local processing unit (6), the received data is accessed and analyzed in detail by those responsible for monitoring, through a user interface (7).This system allows for real-time monitoring of the patient's condition, enabling rapid interventions and efficient control of the bedridden individual's health status.

[0054]

[0029] Data communication between the microcontroller (4), the data concentrator (5) and the local processing unit (6) is preferably established via wireless networks such as Bluetooth, Wi-Fi or GSM / HSPA / LTE / NR. Additionally, communication between the aforementioned data concentrator (5) and local processing unit (6) can also be provided via cabling.

[0055]

[0030] Figure 8 illustrates the ability of a single data concentrator (5) to communicate with multiple microcontrollers (4), allowing a room with multiple beds (1), each with its own sensor array (3) equipped with a microcontroller (4), to be monitored centrally. The data concentrator (5) processes the collected data and sends it to the local processing unit (6), ensuring integrated and efficient information management.

[0056]

[0031] Figure 9 is a diagram detailing the component elements of the microcontroller (4) comprising an accelerometer (41), gyroscope (42) and magnetometer (43), expanding its analysis and monitoring capabilities. The microcontroller (4) is responsible for the digital processing of signals captured by the electrode pairs (35) by means of digital signal processing techniques of the collected data.

[0057]

[0032] In technological areas that employ mechanical, electromechanical, or electronic devices and systems for measuring changes in the motion and orientation of a body, it is known that these systems operate without the need for external references. They utilize principles of physics, particularly Newton's laws, to detect accelerations, rotations, and gravitational forces acting on the body. To optimize the technical effect of the present invention, the operation of the following sensors is detailed below:

[0058] • Accelerometer (41): measures linear acceleration in one or more axes (X, Y, Z) and detects both motion and tilt, since the force of gravity is a constant acceleration that the sensor can capture. The monitoring system of the present invention uses piezoresistive MEMS (microelectromechanical systems) type accelerometer(s) (41), which are small, highly accurate and widely used in motion measurement applications;

[0059] • Gyroscope (42): measures the rate of rotation or orientation of an object around a specific axis. In the present invention, the Gyroscope(s) (42) are essential for calculating angular velocity and detecting changes in direction. The monitoring system of the present invention uses MEMS (microelectromechanical systems) type gyroscope(s) (42), known for their compactness and efficiency in measuring rotational variations;

[0060] • Magnetometer (43): designed to measure the surrounding magnetic field, often used to determine the direction of magnetic north. Magnetometer(s) are commonly combined with accelerometer(s) and gyroscope(s) to provide a more accurate measurement of orientation. The monitoring system of the present invention utilizes a Hall effect magnetometer, which is efficient for detecting magnetic fields accurately and reliably.

[0061]

[0033] The analog stage circuit (4A) conditions and amplifies the signals from the electrode layer (31) so that they can be processed in the microcontroller (4) using a transimpedance amplifier (4B) to convert the electrical current into a proportional voltage, followed by an analog gain and filtering stage. This stage amplifies low-amplitude signals, ensuring that they can be digitized by analog-to-digital converters (4C), avoiding aliasing errors. This topology provides high immunity to external interference through the EMI / RFI filters (4D) and (4D'), eliminating incorrect readings from adjacent cells, maintaining the electrode layer (31) at the same electrical potential and avoiding inaccurate readings.

[0062]

[0034] The power supply circuit (4E) performs data exchange via SMBUS bus with a smart, removable battery pack (4F), compliant with the SBS v1.1 specification, allowing monitoring of the battery charge status. The voltage of the battery pack (4F) is adjusted by a switched voltage regulator (4G) to provide appropriate levels to the power supply circuit (4E).

[0035] The inertial measurement circuit (4H) collects data from the accelerometer (41), gyroscope (42), and magnetometer (43) to generate data on the movement of the bedridden individual, headboard angle, and bed orientation.

[0063]

[0036] The reading of the electrode pairs (35) (illustrated in figures 5 and 6) which are arranged in rows and columns is done in such a way that each column has a reading channel and each row is connected to a logic level and sequentially, where one row at a time is activated, generating an electric current in each column that is inversely proportional to the electrical resistance of the electrode pair (35), varying according to the applied pressure. This current is converted into voltage by the transimpedance amplifier (4B) and amplified by the analog-to-digital converter (4C), ensuring a suitable signal for digitization.

[0064]

[0037] The microcontroller (4) performs the process of reading the sensor lines according to the following steps:

[0065] I. The software in the microcontroller (4) selects the first row of electrode pairs (35);

[0066] II. The current generated in each column of electrode pairs (35) is converted into voltage and amplified;

[0067] III. The analog-to-digital converter (4C) converts voltage into numerical values;

[0068] IV. The electrode pair line (35) is de-energized, and the process is repeated for the other lines.

[0069]

[0038] The transmission of collected data can occur periodically or on an emergency basis:

[0070] • Periodic: Performed at defined time intervals, dynamically adjusted according to the patient's movement; or

[0071] • Emergency: Activated in case of abnormal conditions requiring immediate response, such as intense agitation or activation of bed emergency mechanisms.

[0072]

[0039] To start the transmission, the microcontroller (4):

[0073] I. Performs a scan to find data concentrators (5), similar to a search for Wi-Fi networks.

[0074] II. Creates an internal list of detected data concentrators (5), ordered by signal strength.

[0075] III. Choose the data concentrator (5) with the best signal for transmission, with alternatives in case of failure.

[0076]

[0040] Figure 10 shows the sequence of steps performed by the bedridden monitoring method, which comprises the following steps: a) The sensor array (3), installed under the mattress (2) of the bed (1), performs the reading, collecting information about the pressure exerted by the body of the bedridden individual through the pairs of electrodes (35) arranged in rows and columns in different regions of the sensor array (3); b) Each pair of electrodes (35) that is receiving pressure from the weight transmits a pulse in binary format to the microcontroller (4); c) The microcontroller (4) converts the binary data into decimal format; d) The microcontroller (4) generates a package of supplemented information comprising the following information: a. Microcontroller identification (MAC address); b. Time of data collection (date and time); c. Information collected by the sensors (value matrix); d. Angle of inclination of the headboard (detected by an accelerometer, gyroscope and magnetometer); and e.Remaining percentage of battery charge. e) The microcontroller (4) sends the collected data to a data concentrator (5) using a wireless connection; f) The data concentrator (5) receives the data sent by the microcontroller (4) from the sensor array (3); g) The data concentrator (5) uses API communication protocols to send the received data to the local processing unit (6) via wireless network communication; h) The local processing unit (6) makes the information about the monitoring of the bedridden individual available in a user interface (7) where the data of each device, the corresponding bed and the patient's position in bed are identified.

[0077]

[0041] The microcontroller (4) compares the patient's position with the pressure ulcer risk parameters (Braden Protocol) and fall or escape from bed risk (Morse Protocol) for each registered bedridden individual. If the individual does not move within the defined time interval, the microcontroller (4) issues an alert to remind healthcare professionals to assist in moving the patient. The position and the fall or escape risk are displayed on the user interface (7) with a color-coded representation of the risk.

[0078]

[0042] The local data processing unit (6) may even be equipped with databases for storing detailed information on the patient's position, including the head tilt angle, battery charge, device identifier, patient code, time of collection and the values ​​of the collected positions.

[0079]

[0043] Two graphs are generated and displayed for healthcare professionals: ■ A graph showing the evolution of the risk of falls or escapes over the length of hospital stay;

[0080] ■ A pressure injury risk chart based on patient movement.

Claims

CLAIMS 1. BEDSIDE SENSOR MATRIX that performs monitoring of bedridden individuals, designed to be positioned between the bed (1) and the mattress (2), characterized by - the sensor array (3) comprising at least one layer of electrodes (31) juxtaposed to a layer of piezoresistive material (32) and provided with upper and lower coatings (33); - the sensor array (3) equipped with a microcontroller (4) connected to the electrode layer (31) and piezoresistive material layer (32); - the electrode layer (31) comprising printed circuit modules (34) with electrode pairs (35); - being the microcontroller (4) that communicates with an inertial measurement circuit (4H) comprising an accelerometer (41), gyroscope (42) and magnetometer (43) and with an analog stage circuit (4A) comprising a transimpedance amplifier (4B) and EMI / RFI filter (4D) connected to an analog-to-digital converter (4C), power supply circuit (4E) and EMI / RFI return filter (4D').

2. MATRIX according to claim 1, characterized in that the sensor matrix (3) comprises a layer of electrodes (31) disposed over the layer of piezoresistive material (32) and another layer of electrodes (31) under said layer of piezoresistive material (32).

3. MATRIX according to claim 1, characterized in that the electrode layer (31) comprises printed circuit modules (34) arranged in rows and columns, each of said printed circuit modules (34) having 9 pairs of electrodes (35) arranged in rows and columns.

4. MATRIX according to claim 3, characterized in that the electrode pairs (35) comprise an upper contact (35a), a lower contact (35b) separated by a non-conductive region (35c).

5. MATRIX according to claim 3, characterized by being the printed circuit modules (34) comprised in a substrate which is a flexible polyamide film.

6. MATRIX according to claim 1, characterized in that the piezoresistive material layer (32) is a conductive polymer.

7. MATRIX according to claim 6, characterized in that the conductive polymer of the piezoresistive material layer (32) is a synthetic elastomeric matrix of polyurethane and polyethylene, doped with carbon.

8. MATRIX according to claim 1, characterized in that the upper and lower coatings (33) are made of synthetic rubber coated with a layer of nylon.

9. MATRIX according to claim 1, characterized in that the power supply circuit (4E) of the microcontroller (4) comprises a battery pack (4F) with voltage regulator (4G).

10. REMOTE BEDRIDDEN PATIENT MONITORING SYSTEM, employing a bedside sensor array (3) defined in claim 1, characterized by - the sensor array (3) equipped with a microcontroller (4) connected to the data concentrator (5) via wireless network; - the data concentrator (5) must have communication with the local processing unit (6) and simultaneously with the user interface (7).

11. SYSTEM, according to claim 10, characterized by being data communication via wireless network between the microcontroller (4) and the data concentrator (5) of the bluetooth, wifi or GSM / HSPA / LTE / NR type.

12. SYSTEM, according to claim 10, characterized by being the data concentrator (5) equipped with data communication established via wireless network with a plurality of microcontrollers (4).

13. SYSTEM, according to claim 10, characterized in that the data concentrator (5) has communication with the local processing unit (6) by means of API protocols.

14. SYSTEM, according to claim 10, characterized by being the data communication between the data concentrator (5) and the local processing unit (6) established via local cabling.

15. SYSTEM, according to claim 10, characterized in that the data concentrator (5) has communication with the local processing unit (6) established via wireless network.

16. SYSTEM, according to claim 15, characterized by being the data communication between the data concentrator (5) and the local processing unit (6) of the bluetooth, wifi or GSM / HSPA / LTE / NR type.

17. REMOTE MONITORING METHOD FOR BEDRIDDEN PATIENTS, employing the bedridden patient monitoring system defined in claim 10, characterized by comprising the following steps: i) The sensor array (3), installed under the mattress (2) of the bed (1), generates information about the pressure exerted by the body of the bedridden individual on the pairs of electrodes (35); j) Each pair of electrodes (35) receives pressure from the weight and transmits a pulse in binary format to the microcontroller (4); k) The microcontroller (4) converts the binary data into decimal format; l) The microcontroller (4) generates a package of supplemented information; m) The microcontroller (4) sends the collected data and supplemented information to the data concentrator (5); n) The data concentrator (5) receives the data sent by the microcontroller (4) from the sensor array (3); o) The data concentrator (5) sends the collected data to the local processing unit (6);p) The local processing unit (6) makes available the information on the monitoring of the bedridden individual in a user interface (7).; 18. METHOD, according to claim 17, characterized in that the supplementary information package generated in step D comprises the following information: a. Microcontroller identification (MAC address); b. Time of data collection (date and time); c. Information collected by the sensors (value matrix); d. Angle of inclination of the head of the bed (detected by an accelerometer, gyroscope, and magnetometer); e. Percentage of remaining battery charge; f. Patient position based on pressure ulcer risk parameters; g. Risk of falls or getting out of bed.

19. METHOD, according to claim 18, characterized in that the risk of pressure ulcer development is determined based on the Braden Protocols.

20. METHOD, according to claim 18, characterized in that the risk of falls or escape from bed is determined based on Morse Protocols.

21. METHOD, according to any one of claims 17, 18 and 19, characterized in that the microcontroller (4) generates an alert to effect the movement of the bedridden individual.

22. METHOD, according to any one of claims 17, 18 and 20, characterized in that the microcontroller (4) generates an alert for the risk of fall or escape of the bedridden individual.

23. METHOD, according to claim 17, characterized in that the sending of data from the microcontroller (4) to the data concentrator (5) of step E. is carried out via wireless networks of the bluetooth, wifi or GSM / HSPA / LTE / NR type.

24. METHOD, according to claim 17, characterized in that the data sent from the data concentrator (5) to the local processing unit (6) of step “G” is carried out via wireless networks of the bluetooth, wifi or GSM / HSPA / LTE / NR type.

25. METHOD, according to claim 17, characterized in that the data sent from the data concentrator (5) to the local processing unit (6) of step “G” is carried out via local cabling.

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