Devices and methods for communication
The ISAC method improves sensing efficiency and accuracy by enabling devices to align with target routes based on sensing results, addressing integration challenges and optimizing resource utilization in shared spectrum.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- NEC CORP
- Filing Date
- 2024-11-07
- Publication Date
- 2026-05-15
AI Technical Summary
Existing communication systems face challenges in integrating sensing functions effectively, leading to congestion in limited spectrum and reduced overall performance, particularly in scenarios like smart transportation and smart factories where efficient resource sharing is needed.
A communication method and device architecture that enables integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) by allowing devices to transmit capability information, receive configurations, and align with target routes based on sensing results, enhancing sensing efficiency and accuracy through coordinated resource handling.
The proposed solution enhances sensing efficiency and accuracy by aligning devices with predefined routes, optimizing resource utilization and reducing congestion in shared spectrum.
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Figure CN2024130661_15052026_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
DEVICES AND METHODS FOR COMMUNICATION
[0001] FIELDS
[0002] Example embodiments of the present disclosure generally relate to the field of communication techniques and in particular, to devices and methods for integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) .BACKGROUND
[0003] In communication systems, devices can perform various operations including communication, sensing, and the like. In some mechanisms, ISAC has been proposed. ISAC aims to integrate sensing functions into the current communication system. The sensing functions are expected to enable the network to “see” the world through the wireless signal and other inputs to connect the physical world with the digital world. ISAC can realize two functions of wireless communication and sensing through the reuse of spectrum resources, wireless infrastructure, and radio frequency signals. For example, ISAC may be used for smart transportation, smart factory, and the like.SUMMARY
[0004] In general, embodiments of the present disclosure provide a solution for ISAC.
[0005] In a first aspect, there is provided a first device. The first device comprises: a processor configured to cause the first device to: transmit capability information of the first device, the capability information at least indicating a supported capability related to sensing; receive, from a second device, a configuration associated with handling a sensing signal from the second device; receive, from a fourth device or the second device, a sensing result associated with the first device, the sensing result at least indicating a relationship between a trajectory of the first device and a target route for the first device; and align with the target route based on the sensing result.
[0006] In a second aspect, there is provided a second device. The second device comprises: a processor configured to cause the second device to: receive capability information of a first device, the capability information at least indicating a supported capability related to sensing; transmit at least one of: a first configuration to the first device or a second configuration to a third device, the at least one of the first configuration or the second configuration being associated with handling of a sensing signal; transmit the sensing signal to the first device; and receive, from a fourth device, a sensing result associated with the first device, the sensing result at least indicating a relationship between a trajectory of the first device and a target route for the first device.
[0007] In a third aspect, there is provided a third device. The third device comprises: a processor configured to cause the third device to: receive capability information of a first device, the capability information at least indicating a supported capability related to sensing; receive, from a second device, a configuration associated with handling a sensing signal from the first device; receive the sensing signal from the first device based on the configuration; transmit a result of sensing measurements of the sensing signal to at least one of: the second device or a fourth device; and receive, from the fourth device, a sensing result associated with the first device, the sensing result at least indicating a relationship between a trajectory of the first device and a target route for the first device.
[0008] In a fourth aspect, there is provided a fourth device. The fourth device comprises: a processor configured to cause the fourth device to: receive, from a second device, a result of sensing measurements of a sensing signal associated with a first device; determine a sensing result associated with the first device at least based on the result of sensing measurements; and transmit the sensing result to at least one of: the first device, a third device, or the second device, the sensing result at least indicating a relationship between a trajectory of the first device and a target route for the first device.
[0009] In a fifth aspect, there is provided a communication method performed by a first device. The method comprises: transmitting capability information of the first device, the capability information at least indicating a supported capability related to sensing; receiving, from a second device, a configuration associated with handling a sensing signal from the second device; receiving, from a fourth device or the second device, a sensing result associated with the first device, the sensing result at least indicating a relationship between a trajectory of the first device and a target route for the first device; and aligning with the target route based on the sensing result.
[0010] In a sixth aspect, there is provided a communication method performed by a second device. The method comprises: receiving capability information of a first device, the capability information at least indicating a supported capability related to sensing; transmitting at least one of: a first configuration to the first device or a second configuration to a third device, the at least one of the first configuration or the second configuration being associated with handling of a sensing signal; transmitting the sensing signal to the first device; and receiving, from a fourth device, a sensing result associated with the first device, the sensing result at least indicating a relationship between a trajectory of the first device and a target route for the first device.
[0011] In a seventh aspect, there is provided a communication method performed by a third device. The method comprises: receiving capability information of a first device, the capability information at least indicating a supported capability related to sensing; receiving, from a second device, a configuration associated with handling a sensing signal from the first device; receiving the sensing signal from the first device based on the configuration; transmitting a result of sensing measurements of the sensing signal to at least one of: the second device or a fourth device; and receiving, from the fourth device, a sensing result associated with the first device, the sensing result at least indicating a relationship between a trajectory of the first device and a target route for the first device.
[0012] In an eighth aspect, there is provided a communication method performed by a fourth device. The method comprises: receiving, from a second device, a result of sensing measurements of a sensing signal associated with a first device; determining a sensing result associated with the first device at least based on the result of sensing measurements; and transmitting the sensing result to at least one of: the first device, a third device, or the second device, the sensing result at least indicating a relationship between a trajectory of the first device and a target route for the first device.
[0013] In a ninth aspect, there is provided a computer readable medium having instructions stored thereon, the instructions, when executed on at least one processor, causing the at least one processor to carry out the method according to the fifth, sixth, seventh, or eighth aspect.
[0014] Other features of the present disclosure will become easily comprehensible through the following description.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0015] Through the more detailed description of some example embodiments of the present disclosure in the accompanying drawings, the above and other objects, features and advantages of the present disclosure will become more apparent, wherein:
[0016] FIG. 1 illustrates an example communication environment in which example embodiments of the present disclosure can be implemented;
[0017] FIG. 2A to FIG. 2F illustrate example sensing modes, respectively;
[0018] FIG. 3 illustrates a signaling flow of ISAC in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0019] FIG. 4 illustrates several example states of a first device in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0020] FIG. 5A illustrates several types of height information of the first device in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0021] FIG. 5B illustrates example offsets of the first device relative to a target route in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0022] FIG. 6A and FIG. 6B illustrates example states of the first device in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure, respectively;
[0023] FIG. 7A and FIG. 7B illustrates example grid points along a route in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure, respectively;
[0024] FIG. 8A and FIG. 8B illustrates example time instances for sensing information of the first device in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure, respectively;
[0025] FIG. 9 illustrates a flowchart of a method implemented at a first device according to some example embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0026] FIG. 10 illustrates a flowchart of a method implemented at a second device according to some example embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0027] FIG. 11 illustrates a flowchart of a method implemented at a third device according to some example embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0028] FIG. 12 illustrates a flowchart of a method implemented at a fourth device according to some example embodiments of the present disclosure; and
[0029] FIG. 13 illustrates a simplified block diagram of an apparatus that is suitable for implementing example embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0030] Throughout the drawings, the same or similar reference numerals represent the same or similar element.DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0031] Principle of the present disclosure will now be described with reference to some example embodiments. It is to be understood that these embodiments are described only for the purpose of illustration and help those skilled in the art to understand and implement the present disclosure, without suggesting any limitation as to the scope of the disclosure. Embodiments described herein can be implemented in various manners other than the ones described below.
[0032] In the following description and claims, unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skills in the art to which this disclosure belongs.
[0033] As used herein, the term ‘terminal device’ refers to any device having wireless or wired communication capabilities. Examples of the terminal device include, but not limited to, user equipment (UE) , personal computers, desktops, mobile phones, cellular phones, smart phones, personal digital assistants (PDAs) , portable computers, tablets, wearable devices, internet of things (IoT) devices, Ultra-reliable and Low Latency Communications (URLLC) devices, Internet of Everything (IoE) devices, machine type communication (MTC) devices, devices on vehicle for V2X communication where X means pedestrian, vehicle, or infrastructure / network, devices for Integrated Access and Backhaul (IAB) , Space borne vehicles or Air borne vehicles in Non-terrestrial networks (NTN) including Satellites and High Altitude Platforms (HAPs) encompassing Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UAS) , eXtended Reality (XR) devices including different types of realities such as Augmented Reality (AR) , Mixed Reality (MR) and Virtual Reality (VR) , the unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) commonly known as a drone which is an aircraft without any human pilot, devices on high speed train (HST) , or image capture devices such as digital cameras, sensors, gaming devices, music storage and playback appliances, or Internet appliances enabling wireless or wired Internet access and browsing and the like. The ‘terminal device’ can further has ‘multicast / broadcast’ feature, to support public safety and mission critical, V2X applications, transparent IPv4 / IPv6 multicast delivery, IPTV, smart TV, radio services, software delivery over wireless, group communications and IoT applications. It may also incorporate one or multiple Subscriber Identity Module (SIM) as known as Multi-SIM. The term “terminal device” can be used interchangeably with a UE, a mobile station, a subscriber station, a mobile terminal, a user terminal or a wireless device.
[0034] The term “network device” refers to a device which is capable of providing or hosting a cell or coverage where terminal devices can communicate. Examples of a network device include, but not limited to, a Node B (NodeB or NB) , an evolved NodeB (eNodeB or eNB) , a next generation NodeB (gNB) , a transmission reception point (TRP) , a remote radio unit (RRU) , a radio head (RH) , a remote radio head (RRH) , an IAB node, a low power node such as a femto node, a pico node, a reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) , and the like.
[0035] The terminal device or the network device may have Artificial intelligence (AI) or Machine learning capability. It generally includes a model which has been trained from numerous collected data for a specific function, and can be used to predict some information.
[0036] The terminal or the network device may work on several frequency ranges, e.g., FR1 (e.g., 450 MHz to 6000 MHz) , FR2 (e.g., 24.25GHz to 52.6GHz) , frequency band larger than 100 GHz as well as Tera Hertz (THz) . It can further work on licensed / unlicensed / shared spectrum. The terminal device may have more than one connection with the network devices under Multi-Radio Dual Connectivity (MR-DC) application scenario. The terminal device or the network device can work on full duplex, flexible duplex and cross division duplex modes.
[0037] The embodiments of the present disclosure may be performed in test equipment, e.g., signal generator, signal analyzer, spectrum analyzer, network analyzer, test terminal device, test network device, channel emulator. In some embodiments, the terminal device may be connected with a first network device and a second network device. One of the first network device and the second network device may be a master node and the other one may be a secondary node. The first network device and the second network device may use different radio access technologies (RATs) . In some embodiments, the first network device may be a first RAT device and the second network device may be a second RAT device. In some embodiments, the first RAT device is eNB and the second RAT device is gNB. Information related with different RATs may be transmitted to the terminal device from at least one of the first network device or the second network device. In some embodiments, first information may be transmitted to the terminal device from the first network device and second information may be transmitted to the terminal device from the second network device directly or via the first network device. In some embodiments, information related with configuration for the terminal device configured by the second network device may be transmitted from the second network device via the first network device. Information related with reconfiguration for the terminal device configured by the second network device may be transmitted to the terminal device from the second network device directly or via the first network device.
[0038] As used herein, the singular forms ‘a’ , ‘an’ and ‘the’ are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. The term ‘includes’ and its variants are to be read as open terms that mean ‘includes, but is not limited to. ’ The term ‘based on’ is to be read as ‘at least in part based on. ’ The term ‘one embodiment’ and ‘an embodiment’ are to be read as ‘at least one embodiment. ’ The term ‘another embodiment’ is to be read as ‘at least one other embodiment. ’ The terms ‘first, ’ ‘second, ’a nd the like may refer to different or same objects. Other definitions, explicit and implicit, may be included below.
[0039] In some examples, values, procedures, or apparatus are referred to as ‘best, ’ ‘lowest, ’ ‘highest, ’ ‘minimum, ’ ‘maximum, ’ or the like. It will be appreciated that such descriptions are intended to indicate that a selection among many used functional alternatives can be made, and such selections need not be better, smaller, higher, or otherwise preferable to other selections.
[0040] As used herein, the term “resource, ” “transmission resource, ” “uplink resource, ” or “downlink resource” may refer to any resource for performing a communication, such as a resource in time domain, a resource in frequency domain, a resource in space domain, a resource in code domain, or any other resource enabling a communication, and the like. In the following, unless explicitly stated, a resource in both frequency domain and time domain will be used as an example of a transmission resource for describing some example embodiments of the present disclosure. It is noted that example embodiments of the present disclosure are equally applicable to other resources in other domains.
[0041] Principles and implementations of the present disclosure will be described in detail below with reference to the figures.
[0042] FIG. 1 illustrates a schematic diagram of an example communication or sensing environment 100 in which example embodiments of the present disclosure can be implemented. In the communication or sensing environment 100, a plurality of communication or sensing devices, including a first device 110, a second device 120, a third device 130 and a fourth device 140, can communicate with each other.
[0043] By way of example, the first device 110 may be implemented as a terminal device or deployed at a device or node. For example, the fist device may include an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) , a train, an (outdoor) automative vehicle such as a car, a trains, a high-speed train (HST) , an automated guided vehicle, objects creating hazards on roads or railways, or any other suitable terminal device or vehicle. The second device 120 may include a transmitting (Tx) node. The third device 130 may include a receiving (Rx) node. A signal such as sensing signal may be transmitted from the second device 120 to the first device 110, and then forwarded, transmitted, or reflected to the third device 130.
[0044] It is to be understood that although the second device 120 and the third device 130 are illustrated as separate devices, in some embodiments, the second device 120 and the third device 130 may be integrated into a single device such as a network device or any other suitable device. In some embodiments, the second device 120 may be a network device, a terminal device or other suitable device with a Tx node. The third device 130 may be a network device, a terminal device or other suitable device with a Rx node.
[0045] In some embodiments, the second device 120 and the third device 130 may support ISAC. ISAC aims to integrate sensing functions into the current communication system. The sensing functions are expected to enable the network to “see” the world through the wireless signal and other inputs to connect the physical world with the digital world. For example, a node or a device in the communication environment 100 such as the second device 120 and / or the third device 130 may be used to sense an object such as the first device 110 in a sensing area.
[0046] As used herein, the node or device sensing the object may be referred to as a “sensing node” or “sensing device” . The second device 120 including the Tx node may be referred to as a Tx sensing node or Tx sensing device. The third device 130 including the Rx node may be referred to as a Rx sensing node or Rx sensing device. As used herein, the object such as the first device 110 sensed by the sensing node may be referred to as a “target” , an “object” , a “sensing target” , a “sensing object” or a “target object” . The sensing area may be referred to as a “sensing interesting area” or a “sensing area of interest” .
[0047] To sense the first device 110, the Tx sensing node such as the second device 120 may transmit a sensing signal (e.g., a sensing reference signal (RS) ) towards the sensing area. The third device 130 may detect the sensing signal forwarded, transmitted or reflected by the first device 110, such as an echo signal reflected from the first device 110. As used herein, the term “echo signal” or “echo sensing signal” may refer to a signal passively reflected by the object 140. The second device 120 and / or the third device 130 may perform a sensing service associated with the first device 110 or sense the first device 110 based on the detected sensing signal.
[0048] In some embodiments, the first device 110 may be controlled by a control node. In an embodiment, the control node may be a third-party node such as a third-party device provider. In another embodiment, the control node may be a core network (CN) function or CN node, or any other suitable node or device.
[0049] In some embodiments, the second device 120 and / or the third device 130 may communicate with the fourth device 140. The fourth device 140 may include a CN function such as a sensing function (SF) , a location management function (LMF) , or any other suitable CN function. The fourth device 140 may include a function entity in a CN for sensing function management. The fourth device 140 or the second device 120 or the third device 130 may be implemented as a control node for the first device 110. The fourth device 140 such as the SF may be configured to determine sensing policies and configurations for the second device 120 and / or the third device 130.
[0050] It is to be understood that although the fourth device in FIG. 1 is shown as being separate from the second device 120 and the third device 130, but this is only for illustration and not by way of limitation. In some example embodiments, the fourth device 140 may be collocated with the second device 130 and / or the third device 130 or implemented as a part thereof.
[0051] It is to be understood that the number of devices and their connections shown in FIG. 1 are only for the purpose of illustration without suggesting any limitation. The communication or sensing environment 100 may include any suitable number of devices configured to implementing example embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0052] The communications in the communication environment 100 may conform to any suitable standards including, but not limited to, Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) , Long Term Evolution (LTE) , LTE-Evolution, LTE-Advanced (LTE-A) , New Radio (NR) , Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA) , Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) , GSM EDGE Radio Access Network (GERAN) , Machine Type Communication (MTC) and the like. The embodiments of the present disclosure may be performed according to any generation communication protocols either currently known or to be developed in the future. Examples of the communication protocols include, but not limited to, the first generation (1G) , the second generation (2G) , 2.5G, 2.75G, the third generation (3G) , the fourth generation (4G) , 4.5G, the fifth generation (5G) communication protocols, 5.5G, 5G-Advanced networks, or the sixth generation (6G) networks.
[0053] As described above, ISAC involves integration of communication and sensing functions in a single system to enable the coordinated sharing of resources. The ISAC design allows communication and sensing functions to share same resources, such as a same frequency band and / or hardware, to improve spectrum efficiency and reduce costs.
[0054] In some embodiments, several sensing modes have been proposed. For example, Tx sensing node and Rx sensing node may be different nodes or a same node. Terminal device (s) such as UE (s) and / or network device (s) such as transmission reception point (TRP) may be implemented as the Tx sensing node and / or Rx sensing node. FIG. 2A to FIG. 2F show several sensing modes, wherein the second device 120 and the third device 130 are implemented as terminal device (s) and / or network device (s) . It is to be understood that these example sensing modes are only for the purpose of illustration, without suggesting any limitation. Any other suitable sensing mode not shown may be applied. The sensing mode may be configured by the fourth device 140 or by a further node or device in the communication environment 100.
[0055] FIG. 2A illustrates sensing mode 200 which may be referred to as a mono-static sensing mode. In the sensing mode 200, a network device may serve as both a Tx sensing node and a Rx sensing node. That is, in the sensing mode 200, the sensing signal is transmitted by a network device or a network node, and received or measured by the network device or network node itself.
[0056] FIG. 2B illustrates sensing mode 210 which may be referred to as a bi-static sensing mode. In the sensing mode 210, a network device may serve as a Tx sensing node, and another network device may serve as a Rx sensing node. That is, the sensing signal is transmitted by a network node A and received or measured by another network node B.
[0057] FIG. 2C illustrates a sensing mode 220 that may be referred to as a UE collaborative sensing mode or a gNB assisted bi-static sensing mode. In the sensing mode 220, a network device is configured to operate as a Tx sensing node, and a terminal device (e.g., UE) is configured to operate as a Rx sensing node. That is, the sensing signal is transmitted by a network node and received or measured by a terminal device such as UE.
[0058] Similar to FIG. 2C, FIG. 2D illustrates a sensing mode 230, which is another UE collaborative sensing mode or gNB assisted bi-static sensing mode. In the sensing mode 230, a network device is configured to operate as a Rx sensing mode, and a terminal device (e.g., UE) is configured to operate as a Tx sensing node. That is, the sensing signal is transmitted by a terminal device such as UE and received or measured by a network node.
[0059] FIG. 2E illustrates a sensing mode 240 in which a terminal device (e.g., UE) is configured to operate as a Tx sensing node and a Rx sensing node. That is, in the sensing mode 240, the sensing signal is transmitted by a terminal device such as UE and received or measured by the terminal device itself.
[0060] FIG. 2F illustrates a sensing mode 250 in which a terminal device is configured to operate as a Tx sensing node, and another terminal device is configured to operate as a Rx sensing node. That is, in the sensing mode 250, the sensing signal is transmitted by a terminal device such as UE A and received or measured by another terminal device such as UE B.
[0061] In some embodiments, frequencies from 0.5 to 52.6 GHz may be the primary focus, with the assumption that the modelling approach should scale to 100 GHz. If significant problems are identified with scaling above 52.6 GHz, the range above 52.6 GHz may be deprioritized. Details of the deployment scenarios corresponding to different use cases for sensing may be specified.
[0062] It is to be understood that the above sensing modes may be applied separately, or combined in any suitable way based on different scenarios, environments, service requirements, and the like. Scope of the present disclosure is not limited in this regard.
[0063] In some mechanisms, increasing sensing services may run in a limited spectrum. Therefore, the sensing spectrum will be congested, which negatively influences the overall performance of sensing.
[0064] In some mechanisms. channel modelling details for sensing may be discussed, including: modelling of sensing targets and background environment, including, for example (if needed by the above use cases) , radar cross-section (RCS) , mobility and clutter / scattering patterns; spatial consistency, or the like. For example, how to sense UAV or other object needs to be defined.
[0065] In order to solve at least part of the above problems or other potential problems, a solution on ISAC is proposed. According to example embodiments, a first device (such as an IoT device or UAV) transmits capability information of the first device. The capability information at least indicates a supported capability related to sensing. The first device receives, from a second device, a configuration associated with handling a sensing signal from the second device. The first device receives, from a fourth device or the second device, a sensing result associated with the first device. The sensing result at least indicates a relationship between a trajectory of the first device and a target route for the first device. The first device aligns with the target route based on the sensing result.
[0066] In this manner, the first device can align with the target route such as a predefined route based on the sensing result. By aligning the first device with the target route, the sensing efficiency and accuracy can thus be enhanced.
[0067] Reference is made to FIG. 3, which illustrates a signaling flow 300 for ISAC in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. In some embodiments, the first device 110 may be implemented as a UAV or other vehicle or device, the second device 120 may include a Tx node such as Tx sensing node, the third device 130 may include a Rx node such as a Rx sensing node. The fourth device 140 may be a CN function such as SF, LMF or a control node for sensing.
[0068] In operation, the first device 110 transmits (305) capability information of the first device 110. The capability information at least indicates a supported capability related to sensing. For example, the capability information may be transmitted (305) to the second device 120, the third device 130 and / or the fourth device 140, or a third-party management device communicating with the second device 120, the third device 130 or the fourth device 140.
[0069] In an example embodiment, the capability may be transmitted to the Tx node or SF / LMF or Rx node if the first device 110 is capable of communicating with gNB. In another example embodiment, the capability may be transmitted to the third party management center (via WiFi) , then the related capability is shared to the gNB by the third party with a dedicated identifier (ID) .
[0070] By way of example, the capability information may include at least one of: at least one supported flight state or attitude, an angle difference between two states or attitudes, the number of the at least one supported flight state or attitude, a flight speed, a flight speed per flight direction or per flight attitude, a flight state or attitude switching time, a device type of the first device 110, a radar cross section (RCS) model of the first device 110, an installation of a reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) on the first device 110, or sensor related performance information.
[0071] The at least one supported flight state or attitude may be indicated by supported attitudes index or index set based on a predefined attitudes list or table. FIG. 4A shows several supported flight state or angle / direction of the first device 110. It is to be understood that these example states or angles are only for the purpose of illustration, without suggesting any limitation.
[0072] The shared information may be the angle difference between two attitudes, such as an angle step, and the maximum angle difference with the normal state / attitude. Alternatively, the shared information may be the angle difference between two attitudes such as an angle step, and the maximum number of attitudes. For example, the shared information may be the angle difference equals to 15°and the maximum number of attitudes equals to 4 for single side (the normal state isn’t included) , or the angle difference equals to 15°and the maximum number of attitudes equals to 8 for double side (the normal state isn’t included) .
[0073] Besides the shared flight state information, the shared information may also include the flight state switch delay. The flight attribute switch time may be a unique time for switching between any two attitudes. The switching time may be associated with the angle difference between two attitudes. The reported or shared attribute switching time may be a maximum switching time if the switching time is different for different pair of attitudes or states.
[0074] The device type may indicate at least one of: capable of communication with gNB (may including positioning based on legacy RS or procedure) , capable of adding flag on the reflected or refracted signal, or functions such as searching, monitoring, transporting, or the like. The RCS model may include distribution type and the corresponding parameters. For example, for Gaussian distribution, normal distribution, log-normal distribution, the parameters may be average value, variance, or the like. The pattern may be reference signal received power (RSRP) with incident angle and exit angle. The pattern may be obtained by ray tracing or measured based on a given Tx power with a given Tx and Rx range. RIS capability may be reported if RIS is installed. Other sensors (such as RADAR, LiDAR, Laser, inertial measurement unit (IMU) , barometer, thermal images, audio, and videos) and related performance may be reported. The performance may include in the related capability but not limited to accuracy, resolution, maximum sensing range, sensing limitation, or the like.
[0075] The second device 120 transmits (335) , to the first device 110, a configuration (referred to as a “first configuration” hereinafter) associated with handling a sensing signal from the second device 120. The first device 110 receives (340) the first configuration. Likewise, the second device 120 transmits (345) , to the third device 130, a configuration (referred to as a “second configuration” hereinafter) regarding handling a sensing signal from the first device 110. The first configuration may be different with the second configuration, or at least partially different from the second configuration. As used herein, handing the sensing signal by the first device 110 may refer to forwarding, transmitting, reflecting, refracting or any other suitable processing of the received sensing signal. Handing the sensing signal by the third device 130 may refer to receiving, detecting, receiving or measuring the forwards, transmitted, reflected, refracted or processed sensing signal from the first device 110.
[0076] In some embodiments, the fourth device 140 may transmit (320) , to the second device 120, a sensing requirement for the sensing associated with the first device 110. The second device 120 may receive (325) the sensing requirement. The second device 120 may determine (330) at least one of the first configuration or the second configuration based on the sensing requirement and the capability information of the first device 110. In some embodiments, the second device 120 may determine (330) the first configuration and / or the second configuration based on the sensing requirements and / or the reported capability of the UAV, and / or a target route of the first device 110. The target route information may refer to information regarding a target route for the first device 110. The target route may be determined by the first device 110 or configured for the first device 110. The target route information may include location information such as locations of a set of points along the target route. Details regarding the target route and the target route information will be described later.
[0077] The at least one of the first configuration or the second configuration may include the Tx / Rx sensing node information and the configuration for handling the sensing signal. For example, the Tx node information is indicated to the Rx node. For another example, the configuration for handling the sensing signal may include a bandwidth, SCS, CP, pattern in TD / FD, beam information, state information of the first device 110. The beam information may indicate a spatial filter corresponding to a beam.
[0078] The first configuration includes at least the state information of the first device 110, and the second configuration includes at least the bandwidth, SCS, CP, pattern in TD / FD and beam information of the sensing signal.
[0079] Before the configuration indication, the Rx node information may be indicated from SF / LMF to the Tx node, to assist the at least one of the first configuration or the second configuration.
[0080] The second device 120 may transmit (355) a sensing signal. Based on the first configuration, the first device 110 may handle (358) the sensing signal received from the second device 120. Based on the second configuration, the third device 130 may handle (360) or detect the sensing signal transmitted from the second device 120, and forwarded, reflected, or refracted by the first device 110. The third device 130 may perform (365) measurements based on the sensing signal. The third device 130 transmits (370) a result of sensing measurements of the sensing signal to at least one of: the second device 120 or the fourth device 140. The result of sensing measurements may be included in a measurement report (or referred to as sensing measurement report) . The second device 120 may receive (372) the sensing measurements. The fourth device 140 may receive (375) the sensing measurements.
[0081] The fourth device 140 determine (390) a sensing result associated with the first device 110 at least based on the received sensing measurements. The fourth device 140 transmits (392) or share the sensing results to at least one of: the first device 110, a third device 130, or the second device 120. The sensing result at least indicates a relationship between a detected trajectory of the first device 110 and a target route for the first device 110. As used herein, the detected trajectory of the first device 110 may refer to a trajectory along which the first device 110 actually moves and detected. The target route may refer to a route along which the first device 110 is expected or configured to move. The target route may be determined by the first device 110 or configured for the first device 110. The second device 120, the third device 130 and / or the first device 110 may receive the sensing results.
[0082] In some embodiments, the sensing result may be transmitted from the fourth device 140 to the first device 110 via the second device. Alternatively, the fourth device 140 may transmit the sensing result to the first device 110 directly. The first device 110 aligns (395) its moving direction and / or location with the target route based on the sensing result. That is, the first device 110 may adjust its moving state to align with the target route.
[0083] In this manner, the first device can align with the target route such as a predefined route based on the sensing result. By aligning the first device with the target route, the sensing efficiency and accuracy can thus be enhanced.
[0084] In some embodiments, the sensing result may include information of a location point of the first device 110 and / or information of a trajectory of the first device 110. The information of the trajectory may include a set of information of location points along the trajectory. The trajectory or location may include 3D information.
[0085] In some embodiments, the information of a location point of the first device 110 may include at least one of: a height, a longitude and a latitude of the first device 110; a height and at least one distance of the first device 110 from a starting point in at least one direction; a height, a distance and an angle of the first device 110 relative to the starting point; an index of a point along the target route; an offset relative to a point along the target route; or an offset relative to the target route.
[0086] The height (also referred to as altitude or elevation) may be a height relative to a reference, such as a sea level, a start point of the first device, or a ground floor. FIG. 5A shows several types of height. As shown, a height 410 (referred to as a height of Type 1) may be a height reference to the altitude of the sea level. A height 420 (referred to as a height of Type 2) may be a height reference to the altitude of the start point. A height 430 (referred to as a height of Type 3) or a height 440 of Type 3 may be a height reference to the altitude of the ground floor of vertical projection of the first device 110.
[0087] In some embodiments, the information may include an offset relative to a point along the target route and / or or an offset relative to the target route. The target route may be a predefined compliant route or any other suitable route. An index may indicate a rough location along the target route. The rough locations may be seen as the quantization point of the route. A unique flying distance may be defined between two adjacent points for the rough locations. A unique time gap may be defined between two adjacent points for the rough locations. The points may be determined according to any predefined rules. In some embodiments, turning points or intersection points along the target route may be included for the rough locations.
[0088] FIG. 5B illustrates an example route of the first device 110. As shown, a plurality of points for the rough locations are defined in the route. Additional offset (s) to the point indicated by the index may be included for the sensing results. The offsets may include an offset 510 or an offset 520 (referred to as offsets A) used to indicate the offset reference to the predefined point. The offsets may include an offset 515 or an offset 525 (referred to as offset B) used to indicate the offset reference to the route when the UAV is off-route. In some embodiments, the sensing results may be indicated by a Location offset correspond to the reported route or correspond to a point of a latest valid route. The point may be nearest rough point of the route. As used herein, the rough point may also be referred to as a “grid point” or “point” of the route.
[0089] If more routes are predefined for the UAV, then routes index may be included also. The granularity for define the rough points on the route may be for example, 1m, 5m, 10m or any other suitable length, or 1°, 5°, 10° or any other suitable angle value, or 500ms, 1s or any other suitable time length.
[0090] For trajectory indication, the time information may also be included, and it may be an absolute time or a reference time to the start time. A set of points ordered according to the time information may be seen as the actual trajectory.
[0091] In some embodiments, the first device 110 may transmit (398) at least one of: an indication of alignment the first device 110’s trajectory with the target route, or an updated state of the first device 110. For example, the first device 110 may transmit (398) the above information to the second device 120, the third device 130 and / or the fourth device 140. That is, the first device 110 may report the updates for aligning with the route and the sensing result.
[0092] As mentioned, the target route may be determined by the first device 110 or configured for the first device 110. In an embodiment, the first device 110 may determine (310) route information indicating the target route for the first device 110. The first device 110 may transmit (315) the route information to at least one of: the second device 120, the fourth device 140, or a third device 130. That is, the route information may be shared. The target route may be determined by the operator, the third party, or users who purchase the service. The target route may be determined to achieve a shortest time, shortest range / distance, lowest cost, highest reliability (lowest collision probability) , or the like.
[0093] In another embodiment, the second device 120 and / or the fourth device 140 may determine the route information. The second device 120 and / or the fourth device 140 may transmit the route information to the first device 110 and optional remaining devices such as the third device 130. That is, the route information may be shared.
[0094] In some embodiments, the route information may include at least one of: an index of the target route, a set of points along the target route, at least one route index for at least one reference route, at least a portion of the target route being same with a portion of the at least one reference route, at least one index of at least one reference point along the target route, coordinate information of at least one point of the set of points, or an identifier of the first device 110 moving along the target route.
[0095] The route information may include a route index or index set, or detailed coordinate information. The coordinate information may be the reference information from the start / end / reference point, and the start / end / reference point are indicated to the network nodes. Index for the point if multiple reference points information is pre-shared to the nodes.
[0096] In some embodiments, the route information may be determined by the SF / LMF, or the Tx sensing node / Rx sensing node for a fixed area monitoring via sensing. Then information of the determined route may be indicated to the UAV.
[0097] By way of example, the set of points may include a first subset of points intersecting with other routes, a second subset of points being turning points of the target route, and a third subset of points along the target route. In some embodiments, a first period of a resource or signal applied for sensing measurements associated with the first subset may be shorter than or equal to a second period of a resource or signal applied for sensing measurements associated with the second subset. The second period may be shorter than or equal to a third period of a resource or signal applied for sensing measurements associated with the third subset.
[0098] In some embodiments, in response to receiving (340) the first configuration, the first device 110 may adjust a state of the first device 110 for sensing signal handling. The state may include at least one of: a flight state, or a state of a reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) . The first configuration may include state information of the first device 110. The state information may include but not limited to: an indication of an adjustment of the state of the first device 110, an index of the state, a related application time for the state, a parameter for receiving or forwarding the sensing signal, a parameter for forwarding the sensing signal with the RIS, location information of the second device 120 and / or a third device 130, or sensing reference signal information. RSRP / RCS with different angle pairs may be reported / shared to both the sensing nodes, including model distribution with parameters, and angle pairs with Top N RCS values or RSRP values, N being an integer greater than 0. Light of sight (LOS) paths are assumed between Tx sensing node and UAV, between Rx sensing node and the first device 110.
[0099] State information may be extended to forwarding / reflecting / refracting information / parameters if the first device 110 is installed with RIS. In this case, the power information used for forwarding / reflecting / refracting the sensing signal may be indicated to the Rx node.
[0100] If both the Tx sensing node and Rx sensing node are stable, the location information for both the Tx / Rx sensing nodes, and / or the related sensing RS information may be indicated / shared to the first device 110, then the first device 110 determines a flight state to maximum the received signal strength between the two sensing nodes.
[0101] Before indicating detail state information, the calibration for state alignment between UAV and the sensing nodes are operated. In some embodiments, the offsets of normal direction from the north direction of the devices may be indicated to each other. With the offset information, the state information of the first device 110 is determined more accurate.
[0102] The indicated state information may include a state index wherein state is defined / reported as the flight state, and a receiving direction, forwarding / reflecting / refracting direction, and related power. The related application time for the state may include a start time, and a time duration in terms of slot / symbol of a reference SCS / ms / s, configured or predefined.
[0103] State information may be indicated to the first device 110 to adjust the state, if the first device 110 has the communication capability. A best state may be chosen / indicated to maximize the RSRP between the Tx and Rx sensing nodes. FIG. 6A illustrates a state 610 of the first device 110 and FIG. 6B illustrates another state 620 of the first device 110. The state of the first device 110 may be indicated to adjust from the state 610 to the state 620.
[0104] In some embodiments, the state information may be invalid or excluded from the configuration based on at least one condition. A first condition is that an altitude of the first device 110 is larger than or equal to a first threshold. A second condition is that a first distance between the first device 110 and the second device 120 is larger than or equal to a second threshold. A third condition is that a second distance between the first device 110 and a third device 130 is greater than or equal to a third threshold. The first, second and thresholds may be predefined or configured.
[0105] In some embodiments, if any of the first, second and third conditions is satisfied, the state information may be invalid or excluded from the configuration. If all of these conditions are not satisfied, that is, the altitude is less than the first threshold, the first distance is less than the second threshold, and the third distance is less than the third threshold, the state information is valid and is included in the configuration. In other embodiments, if all of the first, second and third conditions are satisfied, the state information may be invalid or excluded from the configuration. That is, if any of these conditions is not satisfied, the state information is valid and is included in the configuration. It is to be understood that these conditions are only for the purpose of illustration, without suggesting any limitations. These conditions and other suitable conditions may be applied in any combination.
[0106] In some embodiments, the first device 110 may transmit (380) sensing information of at least one sensor associated with the first device 110. The second device 120 may receive (382) the sensing information. The fourth device 140 may receive (385) the sensing information. The sensing information may include at least one of: a location offset relative to a rough point along the target route, a direction for the location offset, an index of a further route, an offset time relative to a reference time associated with a rough point along the target route, or a time list of rough points along a further route.
[0107] The sensing information may include: altitude (barometer) , the nearest reference point (videos) , speed or acceleration (IMU) ; route information updating (navigation and / or location system) ; location / route updating information, which may be an offset of the new rough point corresponding to the original rough point within the route. A direction may be included also for the offset. A new route index of a new route is chosen.
[0108] Time updating information may be an offset time corresponding to a reference time: +t means the arrival time increases, -t means the arrival time decreases. The offset time may be an accumulative value compared to the original arrival time, or an instantons value compared to the last updated arrival time. A new time list if a new route is chosen.
[0109] In some embodiments, the sensing result may include absolute location information including coordinates, altitude; and UE identity such as UAV index / identity, or the third party who provide the service.
[0110] The first device 110 may change its flight state (direction, speed, or the like) and feedback. For example, the first device 110 may change the moving state to reduce the offset and align with the route, reduce the probability of collision with other UAVs, and report / share the updated states to sensing nodes and / or LMF / SF.
[0111] After receiving the sensing result information, such as location information of the first device 110, the second device 120 and / or the third device 130 (that is, the sensing node (s) ) may determine whether the first device 110 is in its sensing range. The sensing range is different with communication range. Sensing range for UAV may be different with that for the other targets due to the influence of altitude. The sensing node may report the decision result to LMF / SF for LMF / SF to update the sensing node for sensing the first device 110.
[0112] In some embodiments, the first device 110 such as UAV may communicate with other nodes directly if it has the communication capability. Alternatively, UAV may share the information to control node, and control node shares the information to the other nodes. Control node may be shared by multiple UAVs. Control node may be any one of Tx sensing node or Rx sensing node, or another node.
[0113] In some embodiments, for normal trigger, at least one of the transmitting the capability information, the receiving the configuration, the receiving the sensing result, or the aligning with the target route may be triggered when the first device 110 is at a beginning of the target route, and released when the first device 110 is at an end of the target route.
[0114] In some embodiments, for on-demand trigger, at least one of the transmitting the capability information, the receiving the configuration, the receiving the sensing result, or the aligning with the target route may be triggered in response to at least one of: a trajectory of the first device 110 being misaligned with the target route, a collision being predicted, a change of a power state of the first device 110, an indication from at least one of:the second device 120, or the fourth device 140.
[0115] In some embodiments, the sensing measurements may include periodic, semi-persistent, or aperiodic measuring procedures. These measurement procedures may be applied for different scenarios. For example, periodic, or semi-persistent measuring procedure may be applied for normal trigger. The aperiodic measurement procedure may be applied for on-demand trigger.
[0116] The periodic measurement procedure / resource / signal may be applied while the UAV start to flight according to the route. The semi-persistent measurement / resource / signal may be applied for the rough points defined for the route. Priority of aperiodic measurement may be greater than priority of semi-persistent measurement which may be greater than priority of periodic measurement.
[0117] Different importance ratings may be defined for different rough points on the route:
[0118] Level 1: rough points which are (around) intersections with other routes, Level 2: rough points which are turning points of the route,
[0119] Level 3: other rough points except level 1 and level 2.
[0120] Different periods may be configured for semi-persistent resource / signal applied for different grid points, for example, period for level 1 is less than period for level 2 which is less than period for level 3.
[0121] The application time for the semi-persistent resource may be determined by the distance or time from the corresponding point. FIG. 7A illustrates a rough point 710 along a route, where Dt is the threshold of distance for application time determination. In this case, when the distance between the first device 110 and the rough point is no larger than the threshold, the semi-persistent configuration should be applied. FIG. 7B illustrates a rough point 720 along a route, where Tt is the threshold of time for application time determination. In this case, when the flight time of the first device to or from the rough point is no larger than the threshold, the semi-persistent configuration should be applied.
[0122] In some embodiments, the trajectory misaligned with the target route such as the offset being larger than a threshold may trigger a more frequently tracking. The misaligned event may be determined by Tx / Rx sensing node, or LMF / SF, or UAV itself.
[0123] In some embodiments, the fourth device 140 may determine the sensing result based on at least one of: a result of sensing measurements of the sensing signal (referred to as A1 sensing information) at a first time instance (such as RSRP, time difference related value, or the like) , sensing information of at least one sensor associated with the first device 110 (referred to as A2 sensing information) at a second time instance (such as range, distance, altitude, speed, or the like) , or predefined sensing data (referred to as A3 sensing information) at a third time instance (such as route, road, building in the trajectory, or the like) . FIG. 8A illustrates an example diagram 800 showing A1, A2 and A3 sensing information at a plurality of time instances.
[0124] The effective time durations (such as the first, second and third time thresholds) may be different for different information type; or the updated frequency are different for different information type. For example, the effective time duration length for sensing data measured based on the sensing signal may be less than the effective time duration length for sensing data from sensors which may be less than that of predefined sensing data. Likewise, the updating frequency for sensing data measured based on the sensing signal may be larger than the updating frequency for sensing data from sensors which may be larger than that of predefined sensing data.
[0125] In some embodiments, if a first time duration between the first time instance and the second time instance is less than or equal to a first time threshold, the A2 sensing information is valid and may be used for fusing with the A1 sensing information. Likewise, if a second time duration between the first time instance and the third time instance is less than or equal to a second time threshold, the A3 sensing information is valid and may be used for fusing with the A1 sensing information.
[0126] In some embodiments, if the first time duration between the first time instance and the second time instance is less than or equal to a first time threshold and the second time duration between the first time instance and the third time instance is less than or equal to a second time threshold, the sensing result may be determined by fusing the result of sensing measurements (that is, the A1 sensing information) with at least one of: the A2 sensing information or the A3 sensing information (that is, the predefined sensing data) .
[0127] In some embodiments, if the first time duration between the first time instance and the second time instance is larger than the first time threshold, the A2 sensing information is invalid and may not be used for fusing with the A1 sensing information. Likewise, if the second time duration between the first time instance and the third time instance is larger than the second time threshold, the A3 sensing information is invalid and may not be used for fusing with the A1 sensing information. If A2 or A3 sensing information is invalid, predicted sensing information for the A2 or A3 sensing information may be used for fusing with the A1 information.
[0128] In some embodiments, if a first time duration between the first time instance and the second time instance is greater than a first time threshold and a second time duration between the first time instance and the third time instance is greater than a second time threshold, the sensing result may be determined by one of: the result of sensing measurements without fusing, , or fusing the result of sensing measurements with at least one of: predicted sensing information (that is, predicted A2 sensing information) or predicted predefined sensing data (that is, predicted A3 sensing information) .
[0129] In an embodiment, it may fusion the latest received A1 / A2 / A3 sensing information when received a new sensing information (irrespective what the information is) without considering the time duration between the different sensing information. That is, the comparison of the time duration and the time threshold may not be considered as a condition for determining whether the sensing information is valid. In other words, no matter when the latest A2 or A3 sensing information is received, the latest A2 or A3 sensing information may be fused with the newly received sensing information.
[0130] In another embodiment, it may fusion the latest valid A1 / A2 / A3 sensing information if the time duration between the latest time of receiving A1 / A2 / A3 information and new received information is smaller than a threshold. The threshold value for A3 sensing information is larger than that for A2 sensing information which is larger than the threshold value for A1 sensing information.
[0131] In some embodiments, if there is information is invalid when received a new sensing information, which means the time duration between the latest time of the receiving the information and the new sensing information is larger than the corresponding threshold, it may do not fusion the invalid one, or alternatively, it may fusion with the predicted one for the invalid information.
[0132] FIG. 8B illustrates an example diagram 850 showing A1, A2 and A3 sensing information at a plurality of time instances. For the time instance 860 of receiving a new A1 information, the latest A2 information at 862 and the latest A3 information at 863 before the received A1 information is invalid. There may be several choices for fusing the sensing result, one is no fusion that sensing result is determined only based on A1, and another choice is fusion A1 and the predicted A2 information and / or predicted A3 information.
[0133] For the time instance 870, both the latest A2 information at 872 and A3 information at 873 before the received A1 information are valid, there may be several options for fusion the sensing result, one is to fusion A1 and the latest A2 information 872, and another is to fusion A1 and the latest A3 information at 873, and a further choice is to fusion A1 information and the latest A2 information 872 and the latest A3 information at 873.
[0134] In some embodiments, the time duration isn’ t a condition to fusion the sensing information. In this case, when received A1 information at time instance 860, the latest A2 information at 862 and the latest A3 information at 863 may be fused with A1 for determining sensing results.
[0135] With the signaling flow 300, state reporting (such as flight state reporting) and updating according to the configuration is introduced. Such state reporting and updating may increase the sensing efficiency and accuracy.
[0136] FIG. 9 illustrates a flowchart of a communication method 900 implemented at a first device in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. For the purpose of discussion, the method 900 will be described from the perspective of the first device 110 in FIG. 1.
[0137] At block 910, the first device 110 transmits capability information of the first device, the capability information at least indicating a supported capability related to sensing.
[0138] At block 920, the first device 110 receives, from a second device, a configuration associated with handling a sensing signal from the second device.
[0139] At block 930, the first device 110 receives, from a fourth device or the second device, a sensing result associated with the first device, the sensing result at least indicating a relationship between a trajectory of the first device and a target route for the first device.
[0140] At block 940, the first device 110 aligns with the target route based on the sensing result.
[0141] In some example embodiments, the method 900 further comprises: determining route information indicating the target route for the first device; and transmit the route information to at least one of: the second device, the fourth device, or a third device.
[0142] In some example embodiments, the method 900 further comprises: receiving, from at least one of the second device or the fourth device, route information indicating the target route for the first device.
[0143] In some example embodiments, the route information comprises at least one of: an index of the target route, a set of points along the target route, at least one route index for at least one reference route, at least a portion of the target route being same with a portion of the at least one reference route, at least one index of at least one reference point along the target route, coordinate information of at least one point of the set of points, or an identifier of the first device moving along the target route.
[0144] In some example embodiments, the set of points comprises: a first subset of points intersecting with other routes, a second subset of points being turning points of the target route, and a third subset of points along the target route.
[0145] In some example embodiments, a first period of a resource or signal applied for sensing measurements associated with the first subset is shorter than or equal to a second period of a resource or signal applied for sensing measurements associated with the second subset, and the second period is shorter than or equal to a third period of a resource or signal applied for sensing measurements associated with the third subset.
[0146] In some example embodiments, the method 900 further comprises: in response to receiving the configuration, adjusting a state of the first device for sensing signal handling, wherein the state comprises at least one of: a flight state, or a state of a reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) .
[0147] In some example embodiments, the configuration comprises state information of the first device, the state information comprising at least one of: an indication of an adjustment of the state of the first device, an index of the state, a related application time for the state, a parameter for receiving or forwarding the sensing signal, a parameter for forwarding the sensing signal with the RIS, location information of the second device and / or a third device, or sensing reference signal information.
[0148] In some example embodiments, the state information is invalid or excluded from the configuration based on at least one of: an altitude of the first device is larger than or equal to a first threshold, a distance between the first device and the second device is larger than or equal to a second threshold, or a distance between the first device and a third device is greater than or equal to a third threshold.
[0149] In some example embodiments, the method 900 further comprises: transmitting sensing information of at least one sensor associated with the first device. The sensing information comprises at least one of: a location offset relative to a point along the target route, a direction for the location offset, an index of a further route, an offset time relative to a reference time associated with a point along the target route, or a time list of points along a further route.
[0150] In some example embodiments, the method 900 further comprises: transmit at least one of: an indication of alignment the first device’s trajectory with the target route, or an updated state of the first device.
[0151] In some example embodiments, the sensing result comprises at least one of: information of a location point of the first device; or information of a trajectory of the first device, the information of the trajectory comprising a set of information of location points along the trajectory.
[0152] In some example embodiments, the information of a location point of the first device comprises at least one of: a height, a longitude and a latitude of the first device, a height and at least one distance of the first device from a starting point in at least one direction, a height, a distance and an angle of the first device relative to the starting point, an index of a point along the target route, an offset relative to a point along the target route, or an offset relative to the target route.
[0153] In some example embodiments, the capability information comprises at least one of:at least one supported flight state or attitude, an angle difference between two states or attitudes, the number of the at least one supported flight state or attitude, a flight speed, a flight speed per direction, a flight state or attitude switching time, a device type of the first device, a radar cross section (RCS) model of the first device, an installation of a reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) on the first device, or sensor related performance information.
[0154] In some example embodiments, the capability information is transmitted to at least one of: the second device, a third device, the fourth device, or a third-party management device communicating with the second device, the third device or the fourth device.
[0155] In some example embodiments, at least one of the transmitting the capability information, the receiving the configuration, the receiving the sensing result, or the aligning with the target route is triggered in response to at least one of: a trajectory of the first device being misaligned with the target route, a collision being predicted, a change of a power state of the first device, an indication from at least one of: the second device, or the fourth device.
[0156] In some example embodiments, at least one of the transmitting the capability information, the receiving the configuration, the receiving the sensing result, or the aligning with the target route is triggered at a beginning of the target route, and released at an end of the target route.
[0157] In some example embodiments, the first device comprises one of: an unmanned aerial vehicle, a train, or a car, the second device comprises a transmitting node, the third device comprises a receiving node, the fourth device comprises one of: a sensing function, a location management function, or a control node for the first device.
[0158] FIG. 10 illustrates a flowchart of a communication method 1000 implemented at a second device in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. For the purpose of discussion, the method 1000 will be described from the perspective of the second device 120 in FIG. 1.
[0159] At block 1010, the second device 120 receives capability information of a first device, the capability information at least indicating a supported capability related to sensing.
[0160] At block 1020, the second device 120 transmits at least one of: a first configuration to the first device or a second configuration to a third device, the at least one of the first configuration or the second configuration being associated with handling of a sensing signal.
[0161] At block 1030, the second device 120 transmits the sensing signal to the first device.
[0162] At block 1040, the second device 120 receives, from a fourth device, a sensing result associated with the first device, the sensing result at least indicating a relationship between a trajectory of the first device and a target route for the first device.
[0163] In some example embodiments, the method 1000 further comprises: transmitting the sensing result to the first device.
[0164] In some example embodiments, the method 1000 further comprises: determining route information indicating the target route for the first device; and transmitting the route information to at least one of: the first device, the fourth device, or the third device.
[0165] In some example embodiments, the method 1000 further comprises: receiving, from at least one of the first device or the fourth device, route information indicating the target route for the first device.
[0166] In some example embodiments, the route information comprises at least one of: an index of the target route, a set of points along the target route, at least one route index for at least one reference route, at least one index of at least one reference point along the target route, coordinate information of at least one point of the set of points, or an identifier of the first device moving along the target route.
[0167] In some example embodiments, the set of points comprises: a first subset of points intersecting with other routes, a second subset of points being turning points of the target route, and a third subset of points along the target route, wherein a first period of a resource or signal applied for measurements associated with the first subset is less than or equal to a second period of a resource or signal applied for measurements associated with the second subset, and the second period is less than or equal to a third period of a resource or signal applied for measurements associated with the third subset.
[0168] In some example embodiments, the method 1000 further comprises: receiving, from the third device, a result of sensing measurements of the sensing signal.
[0169] In some example embodiments, the method 1000 further comprises: receiving, from the first device or the fourth device, sensing information of at least one sensor associated with the first device. The sensing information comprises at least one of: a location offset relative to a point along the target route, a direction for the location offset, an index of a further route, an offset time relative to a reference time associated with a point along the target route, or a time list of points along a further route.
[0170] In some example embodiments, the method 1000 further comprises: receiving, from the first device or the fourth device, at least one of: an indication of alignment the first device’s trajectory with the target route, or an updated state of the first device.
[0171] In some example embodiments, the method 1000 further comprises: receiving, from the fourth device, a sensing requirement for the sensing associated with the first device; and determining at least one of the first configuration or the second configuration based on the sensing requirement and the capability information of the first device.
[0172] In some example embodiments, the at least one of the first configuration or the second configuration comprises state information of the first device, wherein the state information comprises at least one of: an indication of an adjustment of the state of the first device, an index of the state, a related application time for the state, a parameter for receiving or forwarding the sensing signal, a parameter for forwarding the sensing signal with the RIS, location information of the second device and / or a third device, or sensing reference signal information.
[0173] In some example embodiments, the first device transmit, to the second device, at least one of: a radar cross section (RCS) model distribution with parameters, or at least one angle pair with an associated RCS value or reference signal quality value greater than or equal to a threshold.
[0174] In some example embodiments, at least one of the receiving the capability information, the transmitting the first or second configuration, or the receiving the sensing result is triggered in response to at least one of: a trajectory of the first device being misaligned with the target route, a collision being predicted, a change of a power state of the first device, an indication from at least one of: the first device, or the fourth device.
[0175] In some example embodiments, at least one of the receiving the capability information, the transmitting the first or second configuration, or the receiving the sensing result is triggered at a beginning of the target route, and released at an end of the target route.
[0176] FIG. 11 illustrates a flowchart of a communication method 1100 implemented at a third device in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. For the purpose of discussion, the method 1100 will be described from the perspective of the third device 130 in FIG. 1.
[0177] At block 1110, the third device 130 receives capability information of a first device, the capability information at least indicating a supported capability related to sensing.
[0178] At block 1120, the third device 130 receives, from a second device, a configuration associated with handling a sensing signal from the first device.
[0179] At block 1130, the third device 130 receives the sensing signal from the first device based on the configuration.
[0180] At block 1140, the third device 130 transmits a result of sensing measurements of the sensing signal to at least one of: the second device or a fourth device.
[0181] At block 1150, the third device 130 receives, from the fourth device, a sensing result associated with the first device, the sensing result at least indicating a relationship between a trajectory of the first device and a target route for the first device.
[0182] In some example embodiments, the method 1100 further comprises: receiving, from at least one of the first device or the fourth device, route information indicating the target route for the first device.
[0183] In some example embodiments, the method 1100 further comprises: receiving, from the first device or the fourth device, at least one of: an indication of alignment with the target route, or an updated state of the first device.
[0184] FIG. 12 illustrates a flowchart of a communication method 1200 implemented at a fourth device in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. For the purpose of discussion, the method 1200 will be described from the perspective of the fourth device 140 in FIG. 1.
[0185] At block 1210, the fourth device 140 receives, from a second device, a result of sensing measurements of a sensing signal associated with a first device.
[0186] At block 1220, the fourth device 140 determines a sensing result associated with the first device at least based on the result of sensing measurements.
[0187] At block 1230, the fourth device 140 transmits the sensing result to at least one of:the first device, a third device, or the second device, the sensing result at least indicating a relationship between a trajectory of the first device and a target route for the first device.
[0188] In some example embodiments, the method 1200 further comprises: receiving, from the first device, sensing information of at least one sensor associated with the first device; and determining the sensing result further based on the sensing information.
[0189] In some example embodiments, the method 1200 further comprises: determining the sensing result based on at least one of: a result of sensing measurements of the sensing signal at a first time instance, sensing information of at least one sensor associated with the first device at a second time instance, or predefined sensing data at a third time instance.
[0190] In some example embodiments, based on a first time duration between the first time instance and the second time instance being less than or equal to a first time threshold and a second time duration between the first time instance and the third time instance being less than or equal to a second time threshold, the sensing result is determined by fusing the result of sensing measurements with at least one of: the sensing information or the predefined sensing data.
[0191] In some example embodiments, based on a first time duration between the first time instance and the second time instance being greater than a first time threshold and a second time duration between the first time instance and the third time instance being greater than or a second time threshold, the sensing result is determined by one of: the result of sensing measurements, fusing the result of sensing measurements with at least one of: the sensing information or the predefined sensing data, or fusing the result of sensing measurements with at least one of: predicted sensing information or predicted predefined sensing data.
[0192] In some example embodiments, the method 1200 further comprises: determining route information indicating the target route for the first device; and transmitting the route information to at least one of: the first device, the second device, or the third device.
[0193] In some example embodiments, the method 1200 further comprises: receiving, from at least one of the first device or the second device, route information indicating the target route for the first device.
[0194] In some example embodiments, the method 1200 further comprises: receiving, from the first device or the second device, at least one of: an indication of alignment the first device’s trajectory with the target route, or an updated state of the first device.
[0195] FIG. 13 is a simplified block diagram of a device 1300 that is suitable for implementing embodiments of the present disclosure. The device 1300 can be considered as a further example implementation of any of the devices as shown in FIG. 1. Accordingly, the device 1300 can be implemented at or as at least a part of the first device 110 or the second device 120 or the third device 130 or the fourth device 140.
[0196] As shown, the device 1300 includes a processor 1310, a memory 1320 coupled to the processor 1310, a suitable transceiver 1340 coupled to the processor 1310, and a communication interface coupled to the transceiver 1340. The memory 1320 stores at least a part of a program 1330. The transceiver 1340 may be for bidirectional communications or a unidirectional communication based on requirements. The transceiver 1340 may include at least one of a transmitter 1342 and a receiver 1344. The transmitter 1342 and the receiver 1344 may be functional modules or physical entities. The transceiver 1340 has at least one antenna to facilitate communication, though in practice an Access Node mentioned in this application may have several ones. The communication interface may represent any interface that is necessary for communication with other network elements, such as X2 / Xn interface for bidirectional communications between eNBs / gNBs, S1 / NG interface for communication between a Mobility Management Entity (MME) / Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF) / SGW / UPF and the eNB / gNB, Un interface for communication between the eNB / gNB and a relay node (RN) , or Uu interface for communication between the eNB / gNB and a terminal device.
[0197] The program 1330 is assumed to include program instructions that, when executed by the associated processor 1310, enable the device 1300 to operate in accordance with the embodiments of the present disclosure, as discussed herein with reference to FIGS. 1 to 13) . The embodiments herein may be implemented by computer software executable by the processor 1310 of the device 1300, or by hardware, or by a combination of software and hardware. The processor 1310 may be configured to implement various embodiments of the present disclosure. Furthermore, a combination of the processor 1310 and memory 1320 may form processing means 1350 adapted to implement various embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0198] The memory 1320 may be of any type suitable to the local technical network and may be implemented using any suitable data storage technology, such as a non-transitory computer readable storage medium, semiconductor-based memory devices, magnetic memory devices and systems, optical memory devices and systems, fixed memory and removable memory, as non-limiting examples. While only one memory 1320 is shown in the device 1300, there may be several physically distinct memory modules in the device 1300. The processor 1310 may be of any type suitable to the local technical network, and may include one or more of general purpose computers, special purpose computers, microprocessors, digital signal processors (DSPs) and processors based on multicore processor architecture, as non-limiting examples. The device 1300 may have multiple processors, such as an application specific integrated circuit chip that is slaved in time to a clock which synchronizes the main processor.
[0199] According to embodiments of the present disclosure, a first device comprising a circuitry is provided. The circuitry is configured to: transmit capability information of the first device, the capability information at least indicating a supported capability related to sensing; receive, from a second device, a configuration associated with handling a sensing signal from the second device; receive, from a fourth device or the second device, a sensing result associated with the first device, the sensing result at least indicating a relationship between a trajectory of the first device and a target route for the first device; and align with the target route based on the sensing result. According to embodiments of the present disclosure, the circuitry may be configured to perform any method implemented by the first device as discussed above.
[0200] According to embodiments of the present disclosure, a second device comprising a circuitry is provided. The circuitry is configured to: receive capability information of a first device, the capability information at least indicating a supported capability related to sensing; transmit at least one of: a first configuration to the first device or a second configuration to a third device, the at least one of the first configuration or the second configuration being associated with handling of a sensing signal; transmit the sensing signal to the first device; and receive, from a fourth device, a sensing result associated with the first device, the sensing result at least indicating a relationship between a trajectory of the first device and a target route for the first device. According to embodiments of the present disclosure, the circuitry may be configured to perform any method implemented by the second device as discussed above.
[0201] According to embodiments of the present disclosure, a third device comprising a circuitry is provided. The circuitry is configured to: receive capability information of a first device, the capability information at least indicating a supported capability related to sensing; receive, from a second device, a configuration associated with handling a sensing signal from the first device; receive the sensing signal from the first device based on the configuration; transmit a result of sensing measurements of the sensing signal to at least one of: the second device or a fourth device; and receive, from the fourth device, a sensing result associated with the first device, the sensing result at least indicating a relationship between a trajectory of the first device and a target route for the first device. According to embodiments of the present disclosure, the circuitry may be configured to perform any method implemented by the third device as discussed above.
[0202] According to embodiments of the present disclosure, a fourth device comprising a circuitry is provided. The circuitry is configured to: receive, from a second device, a result of sensing measurements of a sensing signal associated with a first device; determine a sensing result associated with the first device at least based on the result of sensing measurements; transmit the sensing result to at least one of: the first device, a third device, or the second device, the sensing result at least indicating a relationship between a trajectory of the first device and a target route for the first device. According to embodiments of the present disclosure, the circuitry may be configured to perform any method implemented by the fourth device as discussed above.
[0203] The term “circuitry” used herein may refer to hardware circuits and / or combinations of hardware circuits and software. For example, the circuitry may be a combination of analog and / or digital hardware circuits with software / firmware. As a further example, the circuitry may be any portions of hardware processors with software including digital signal processor (s) , software, and memory (ies) that work together to cause an apparatus, such as a terminal device or a network device, to perform various functions. In a still further example, the circuitry may be hardware circuits and or processors, such as a microprocessor or a portion of a microprocessor, that requires software / firmware for operation, but the software may not be present when it is not needed for operation. As used herein, the term circuitry also covers an implementation of merely a hardware circuit or processor (s) or a portion of a hardware circuit or processor (s) and its (or their) accompanying software and / or firmware.
[0204] According to embodiments of the present disclosure, a first apparatus is provided. The first apparatus comprises means for transmitting capability information of the first device, the capability information at least indicating a supported capability related to sensing; means for receiving, from a second device, a configuration associated with handling a sensing signal from the second device; means for receiving, from a fourth device or the second device, a sensing result associated with the first device, the sensing result at least indicating a relationship between a trajectory of the first device and a target route for the first device; and means for aligning with the target route based on the sensing result. In some embodiments, the first apparatus may comprise means for performing the respective operations of the method 900. In some example embodiments, the first apparatus may further comprise means for performing other operations in some example embodiments of the method 900. The means may be implemented in any suitable form. For example, the means may be implemented in a circuitry or software module.
[0205] According to embodiments of the present disclosure, a second apparatus is provided. The second apparatus comprises means for receiving capability information of a first device, the capability information at least indicating a supported capability related to sensing; means for transmitting at least one of: a first configuration to the first device or a second configuration to a third device, the at least one of the first configuration or the second configuration being associated with handling of a sensing signal; means for transmitting the sensing signal to the first device; and means for receiving, from a fourth device, a sensing result associated with the first device, the sensing result at least indicating a relationship between a trajectory of the first device and a target route for the first device. In some embodiments, the second apparatus may comprise means for performing the respective operations of the method 1000. In some example embodiments, the second apparatus may further comprise means for performing other operations in some example embodiments of the method 1000. The means may be implemented in any suitable form. For example, the means may be implemented in a circuitry or software module.
[0206] According to embodiments of the present disclosure, a third apparatus is provided. The third apparatus comprises means for receiving capability information of a first device, the capability information at least indicating a supported capability related to sensing; means for receiving, from a second device, a configuration associated with handling a sensing signal from the first device; means for receiving the sensing signal from the first device based on the configuration; means for transmitting a result of sensing measurements of the sensing signal to at least one of: the second device or a fourth device; and means for receiving, from the fourth device, a sensing result associated with the first device, the sensing result at least indicating a relationship between a trajectory of the first device and a target route for the first device. In some embodiments, the third apparatus may comprise means for performing the respective operations of the method 1100. In some example embodiments, the third apparatus may further comprise means for performing other operations in some example embodiments of the method 1100. The means may be implemented in any suitable form. For example, the means may be implemented in a circuitry or software module.
[0207] According to embodiments of the present disclosure, a fourth apparatus is provided. The fourth apparatus comprises means for receiving, from a second device, a result of sensing measurements of a sensing signal associated with a first device; means for determining a sensing result associated with the first device at least based on the result of sensing measurements; means for transmitting the sensing result to at least one of: the first device, a third device, or the second device, the sensing result at least indicating a relationship between a trajectory of the first device and a target route for the first device. In some embodiments, the fourth apparatus may comprise means for performing the respective operations of the method 1200. In some example embodiments, the fourth apparatus may further comprise means for performing other operations in some example embodiments of the method 1200. The means may be implemented in any suitable form. For example, the means may be implemented in a circuitry or software module.
[0208] In summary, embodiments of the present disclosure provide the following aspects.
[0209] In an aspect, it is proposed a first device comprising: a processor configured to cause the first device to: transmit capability information of the first device, the capability information at least indicating a supported capability related to sensing; receive, from a second device, a configuration associated with handling a sensing signal from the second device; receive, from a fourth device or the second device, a sensing result associated with the first device, the sensing result at least indicating a relationship between a trajectory of the first device and a target route for the first device; and align with the target route based on the sensing result.
[0210] In some embodiments, the processor is further configured to cause the first device to: determine route information indicating the target route for the first device; and transmit the route information to at least one of: the second device, the fourth device, or a third device.
[0211] In some embodiments, the processor is further configured to cause the first device to: receive, from at least one of the second device or the fourth device, route information indicating the target route for the first device.
[0212] In some embodiments, the route information comprises at least one of: an index of the target route, a set of points along the target route, at least one route index for at least one reference route, at least a portion of the target route being same with a portion of the at least one reference route, at least one index of at least one reference point along the target route, coordinate information of at least one point of the set of points, or an identifier of the first device moving along the target route.
[0213] In some embodiments, the set of points comprises: a first subset of points intersecting with other routes, a second subset of points being turning points of the target route, and a third subset of points along the target route.
[0214] In some embodiments, a first period of a resource or signal applied for sensing measurements associated with the first subset is shorter than or equal to a second period of a resource or signal applied for sensing measurements associated with the second subset, and the second period is shorter than or equal to a third period of a resource or signal applied for sensing measurements associated with the third subset.
[0215] In some embodiments, the processor is further configured to cause the first device to: in response to receiving the configuration, adjust a state of the first device for sensing signal handling, wherein the state comprises at least one of: a flight state, or a state of a reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) .
[0216] In some embodiments, the configuration comprises state information of the first device, the state information comprising at least one of: an indication of an adjustment of the state of the first device, an index of the state, a related application time for the state, a parameter for receiving or forwarding the sensing signal, a parameter for forwarding the sensing signal with the RIS, location information of the second device and / or a third device, or sensing reference signal information.
[0217] In some embodiments, the state information is invalid or excluded from the configuration based on at least one of: an altitude of the first device is larger than or equal to a first threshold, a distance between the first device and the second device is larger than or equal to a second threshold, or a distance between the first device and a third device is greater than or equal to a third threshold.
[0218] In some embodiments, the processor is further configured to cause the first device to: transmit sensing information of at least one sensor associated with the first device, wherein the sensing information comprises at least one of: a location offset relative to a point along the target route, a direction for the location offset, an index of a further route, an offset time relative to a reference time associated with a point along the target route, or a time list of points along a further route.
[0219] In some embodiments, the processor is further configured to cause the first device to: transmit at least one of: an indication of alignment the first device’s trajectory with the target route, or an updated state of the first device.
[0220] In some embodiments, the sensing result comprises at least one of: information of a location point of the first device; or information of a trajectory of the first device, the information of the trajectory comprising a set of information of location points along the trajectory.
[0221] In some embodiments, the information of a location point of the first device comprises at least one of: a height, a longitude and a latitude of the first device, a height and at least one distance of the first device from a starting point in at least one direction, a height, a distance and an angle of the first device relative to the starting point, an index of a point along the target route, an offset relative to a point along the target route, or an offset relative to the target route.
[0222] In some embodiments, the capability information comprises at least one of: at least one supported flight state or attitude, an angle difference between two states or attitudes, the number of the at least one supported flight state or attitude, a flight speed, a flight speed per direction, a flight state or attitude switching time, a device type of the first device, a radar cross section (RCS) model of the first device, an installation of a reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) on the first device, or sensor related performance information.
[0223] In some embodiments, the capability information is transmitted to at least one of:the second device, a third device, the fourth device, or a third-party management device communicating with the second device, the third device or the fourth device.
[0224] In some embodiments, at least one of the transmitting the capability information, the receiving the configuration, the receiving the sensing result, or the aligning with the target route is triggered in response to at least one of: a trajectory of the first device being misaligned with the target route, a collision being predicted, a change of a power state of the first device, an indication from at least one of: the second device, or the fourth device.
[0225] In some embodiments, at least one of the transmitting the capability information, the receiving the configuration, the receiving the sensing result, or the aligning with the target route is triggered at a beginning of the target route, and released at an end of the target route.
[0226] In some embodiments, the first device comprises one of: an unmanned aerial vehicle, a train, or a car, the second device comprises a transmitting node, the third device comprises a receiving node, the fourth device comprises one of: a sensing function, a location management function, or a control node for the first device.
[0227] In an aspect, it is proposed a second device comprising: a processor configured to cause the second device to: receive capability information of a first device, the capability information at least indicating a supported capability related to sensing; transmit at least one of: a first configuration to the first device or a second configuration to a third device, the at least one of the first configuration or the second configuration being associated with handling of a sensing signal; transmit the sensing signal to the first device; and receive, from a fourth device, a sensing result associated with the first device, the sensing result at least indicating a relationship between a trajectory of the first device and a target route for the first device.
[0228] In some embodiments, the processor is further configured to cause the second device to: transmit the sensing result to the first device.
[0229] In some embodiments, the processor is further configured to cause the second device to: determine route information indicating the target route for the first device; and transmit the route information to at least one of: the first device, the fourth device, or the third device.
[0230] In some embodiments, the processor is further configured to cause the second device to: receive, from at least one of the first device or the fourth device, route information indicating the target route for the first device.
[0231] In some embodiments, the route information comprises at least one of: an index of the target route, a set of points along the target route, at least one route index for at least one reference route, at least one index of at least one reference point along the target route, coordinate information of at least one point of the set of points, or an identifier of the first device moving along the target route.
[0232] In some embodiments, the set of points comprises: a first subset of points intersecting with other routes, a second subset of points being turning points of the target route, and a third subset of points along the target route, wherein a first period of a resource or signal applied for measurements associated with the first subset is less than or equal to a second period of a resource or signal applied for measurements associated with the second subset, and the second period is less than or equal to a third period of a resource or signal applied for measurements associated with the third subset.
[0233] In some embodiments, the processor is further configured to cause the second device to: receive, from the third device, a result of sensing measurements of the sensing signal.
[0234] In some embodiments, the processor is further configured to cause the second device to: receive, from the first device or the fourth device, sensing information of at least one sensor associated with the first device, wherein the sensing information comprises at least one of: a location offset relative to a point along the target route, a direction for the location offset, an index of a further route, an offset time relative to a reference time associated with a point along the target route, or a time list of points along a further route.
[0235] In some embodiments, the processor is further configured to cause the second device to: receive, from the first device or the fourth device, at least one of: an indication of alignment the first device’s trajectory with the target route, or an updated state of the first device.
[0236] In some embodiments, the processor is further configured to cause the second device to: receive, from the fourth device, a sensing requirement for the sensing associated with the first device; and determine at least one of the first configuration or the second configuration based on the sensing requirement and the capability information of the first device.
[0237] In some embodiments, the at least one of the first configuration or the second configuration comprises state information of the first device, wherein the state information comprises at least one of: an indication of an adjustment of the state of the first device, an index of the state, a related application time for the state, a parameter for receiving or forwarding the sensing signal, a parameter for forwarding the sensing signal with the RIS, location information of the second device and / or a third device, or sensing reference signal information.
[0238] In some embodiments, the first device, transmits, to the second device, at least one of: a radar cross section (RCS) model distribution with parameters, or at least one angle pair with an associated RCS value or reference signal quality value greater than or equal to a threshold.
[0239] In some embodiments, at least one of the receiving the capability information, the transmitting the first or second configuration, or the receiving the sensing result is triggered in response to at least one of: a trajectory of the first device being misaligned with the target route, a collision being predicted, a change of a power state of the first device, an indication from at least one of: the first device, or the fourth device.
[0240] In some embodiments, at least one of the receiving the capability information, the transmitting the first or second configuration, or the receiving the sensing result is triggered at a beginning of the target route, and released at an end of the target route.
[0241] In an aspect, it is proposed a third device comprising: a processor configured to cause the third device to: receive capability information of a first device, the capability information at least indicating a supported capability related to sensing; receive, from a second device, a configuration associated with handling a sensing signal from the first device; receive the sensing signal from the first device based on the configuration; transmit a result of sensing measurements of the sensing signal to at least one of: the second device or a fourth device; and receive, from the fourth device, a sensing result associated with the first device, the sensing result at least indicating a relationship between a trajectory of the first device and a target route for the first device.
[0242] In some embodiments, the processor is further configured to cause the third device to: receive, from at least one of the first device or the fourth device, route information indicating the target route for the first device.
[0243] In some embodiments, the processor is further configured to cause the third device to: receive, from the first device or the fourth device, at least one of: an indication of alignment with the target route, or an updated state of the first device.
[0244] In an aspect, it is proposed a fourth device comprising: a processor configured to cause the fourth device to: receive, from a second device, a result of sensing measurements of a sensing signal associated with a first device; determine a sensing result associated with the first device at least based on the result of sensing measurements; transmit the sensing result to at least one of: the first device, a third device, or the second device, the sensing result at least indicating a relationship between a trajectory of the first device and a target route for the first device.
[0245] In some embodiments, the processor is further configured to cause the fourth device to: receive, from the first device, sensing information of at least one sensor associated with the first device; and determine the sensing result further based on the sensing information.
[0246] In some embodiments, the processor is further configured to cause the fourth device to: determine the sensing result based on at least one of: a result of sensing measurements of the sensing signal at a first time instance, sensing information of at least one sensor associated with the first device at a second time instance, or predefined sensing data at a third time instance.
[0247] In some embodiments, based on a first time duration between the first time instance and the second time instance being less than or equal to a first time threshold and a second time duration between the first time instance and the third time instance being less than or equal to a second time threshold, the sensing result is determined by fusing the result of sensing measurements with at least one of: the sensing information or the predefined sensing data.
[0248] In some embodiments, based on a first time duration between the first time instance and the second time instance being greater than a first time threshold and a second time duration between the first time instance and the third time instance being greater than or a second time threshold, the sensing result is determined by one of: the result of sensing measurements, fusing the result of sensing measurements with at least one of: the sensing information or the predefined sensing data, or fusing the result of sensing measurements with at least one of: predicted sensing information or predicted predefined sensing data.
[0249] In some embodiments, the processor is further configured to cause the fourth device to: determine route information indicating the target route for the first device; and transmit the route information to at least one of: the first device, the second device, or the third device.
[0250] In some embodiments, the processor is further configured to cause the fourth device to: receive, from at least one of the first device or the second device, route information indicating the target route for the first device.
[0251] In some embodiments, the processor is further configured to cause the fourth device to: receive, from the first device or the second device, at least one of: an indication of alignment the first device’s trajectory with the target route, or an updated state of the first device.
[0252] In an aspect, a first device comprises: at least one processor; and at least one memory coupled to the at least one processor and storing instructions thereon, the instructions, when executed by the at least one processor, causing the device to perform the method implemented by the first device discussed above.
[0253] In an aspect, a second device comprises: at least one processor; and at least one memory coupled to the at least one processor and storing instructions thereon, the instructions, when executed by the at least one processor, causing the device to perform the method implemented by the second device discussed above.
[0254] In an aspect, a third device comprises: at least one processor; and at least one memory coupled to the at least one processor and storing instructions thereon, the instructions, when executed by the at least one processor, causing the device to perform the method implemented by the third device discussed above.
[0255] In an aspect, a fourth device comprises: at least one processor; and at least one memory coupled to the at least one processor and storing instructions thereon, the instructions, when executed by the at least one processor, causing the device to perform the method implemented by the fourth device discussed above.
[0256] In an aspect, a computer readable medium having instructions stored thereon, the instructions, when executed on at least one processor, causing the at least one processor to perform the method implemented by the first device discussed above.
[0257] In an aspect, a computer readable medium having instructions stored thereon, the instructions, when executed on at least one processor, causing the at least one processor to perform the method implemented by the second device discussed above.
[0258] In an aspect, a computer readable medium having instructions stored thereon, the instructions, when executed on at least one processor, causing the at least one processor to perform the method implemented by the third device discussed above.
[0259] In an aspect, a computer readable medium having instructions stored thereon, the instructions, when executed on at least one processor, causing the at least one processor to perform the method implemented by the fourth device discussed above.
[0260] In an aspect, a computer program comprising instructions, the instructions, when executed on at least one processor, causing the at least one processor to perform the method implemented by the first device discussed above.
[0261] In an aspect, a computer program comprising instructions, the instructions, when executed on at least one processor, causing the at least one processor to perform the method implemented by the second device discussed above.
[0262] In an aspect, a computer program comprising instructions, the instructions, when executed on at least one processor, causing the at least one processor to perform the method implemented by the third device discussed above.
[0263] In an aspect, a computer program comprising instructions, the instructions, when executed on at least one processor, causing the at least one processor to perform the method implemented by the fourth device discussed above.
[0264] Generally, various embodiments of the present disclosure may be implemented in hardware or special purpose circuits, software, logic or any combination thereof. Some aspects may be implemented in hardware, while other aspects may be implemented in firmware or software which may be executed by a controller, microprocessor or other computing device. While various aspects of embodiments of the present disclosure are illustrated and described as block diagrams, flowcharts, or using some other pictorial representation, it will be appreciated that the blocks, apparatus, systems, techniques or methods described herein may be implemented in, as non-limiting examples, hardware, software, firmware, special purpose circuits or logic, general purpose hardware or controller or other computing devices, or some combination thereof.
[0265] The present disclosure also provides at least one computer program product tangibly stored on a non-transitory computer readable storage medium. The computer program product includes computer-executable instructions, such as those included in program modules, being executed in a device on a target real or virtual processor, to carry out the process or method as described above with reference to FIGS. 1 to 13. Generally, program modules include routines, programs, libraries, objects, classes, components, data structures, or the like that perform particular tasks or implement particular abstract data types. The functionality of the program modules may be combined or split between program modules as desired in various embodiments. Machine-executable instructions for program modules may be executed within a local or distributed device. In a distributed device, program modules may be located in both local and remote storage media.
[0266] Program code for carrying out methods of the present disclosure may be written in any combination of one or more programming languages. These program codes may be provided to a processor or controller of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, or other programmable data processing apparatus, such that the program codes, when executed by the processor or controller, cause the functions / operations specified in the flowcharts and / or block diagrams to be implemented. The program code may execute entirely on a machine, partly on the machine, as a stand-alone software package, partly on the machine and partly on a remote machine or entirely on the remote machine or server.
[0267] The above program code may be embodied on a machine readable medium, which may be any tangible medium that may contain, or store a program for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. The machine readable medium may be a machine readable signal medium or a machine readable storage medium. A machine readable medium may include but not limited to an electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, apparatus, or device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. More specific examples of the machine readable storage medium would include an electrical connection having one or more wires, a portable computer diskette, a hard disk, a random access memory (RAM) , a read-only memory (ROM) , an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or Flash memory) , an optical fiber, a portable compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM) , an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing.
[0268] Further, while operations are depicted in a particular order, this should not be understood as requiring that such operations be performed in the particular order shown or in sequential order, or that all illustrated operations be performed, to achieve desirable results. In certain circumstances, multitasking and parallel processing may be advantageous. Likewise, while several specific implementation details are contained in the above discussions, these should not be construed as limitations on the scope of the present disclosure, but rather as descriptions of features that may be specific to particular embodiments. Certain features that are described in the context of separate embodiments may also be implemented in combination in a single embodiment. Conversely, various features that are described in the context of a single embodiment may also be implemented in multiple embodiments separately or in any suitable sub-combination.
[0269] Although the present disclosure has been described in language specific to structural features and / or methodological acts, it is to be understood that the present disclosure defined in the appended claims is not necessarily limited to the specific features or acts described above. Rather, the specific features and acts described above are disclosed as example forms of implementing the claims.
Claims
1.A first device comprising:a processor configured to cause the first device to:transmit capability information of the first device, the capability information at least indicating a supported capability related to sensing;receive, from a second device, a configuration associated with handling a sensing signal from the second device;receive, from a fourth device or the second device, a sensing result associated with the first device, the sensing result at least indicating a relationship between a trajectory of the first device and a target route for the first device; andalign with the target route based on the sensing result.2.The first device of claim 1, wherein the processor is further configured to cause the first device to:receive, from at least one of the second device or the fourth device, route information indicating the target route for the first device; ordetermine route information indicating the target route for the first device; andtransmit the route information to at least one of: the second device, the fourth device, or a third device.3.The first device of claim 2, wherein the route information comprises at least one of:an index of the target route,a set of points along the target route,coordinate information of at least one point of the set of points, oran identifier of the first device moving along the target route.4.The first device of any of claims 1-3, wherein the processor is further configured to cause the first device to:in response to receiving the configuration, adjust a state of the first device for sensing signal handling, wherein the state comprises at least one of: a flight state, or a state of a reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) .5.The first device of claim 4, wherein the configuration comprises state information of the first device, the state information comprising at least one of:an indication of an adjustment of the state of the first device,an index of the state,a related application time for the state,a parameter for receiving or forwarding the sensing signal,a parameter for forwarding the sensing signal with the RIS,location information of the second device and / or a third device, orsensing reference signal information.6.The first device of claim 5, wherein the state information is invalid or excluded from the configuration based on at least one of:an altitude of the first device is larger than or equal to a first threshold,a distance between the first device and the second device is larger than or equal to a second threshold, ora distance between the first device and a third device is greater than or equal to a third threshold.7.The first device of any of claims 1-6, wherein the processor is further configured to cause the first device to:transmit sensing information of at least one sensor associated with the first device, wherein the sensing information comprises at least one of:a location offset relative to a point along the target route,a direction for the location offset,an index of a further route,an offset time relative to a reference time associated with a point along the target route, ora time list of points along a further route.8.The first device of any of claims 1-7, wherein the processor is further configured to cause the first device to:transmit at least one of: an indication of alignment the first device’s trajectory with the target route, or an updated state of the first device.9.The first device of any of claims 1-8, wherein the capability information comprises at least one of:at least one supported flight state or attitude,an angle difference between two states or attitudes,the number of the at least one supported flight state or attitude,a flight speed,a flight speed per direction,a flight state or attitude switching time,a device type of the first device,a radar cross section (RCS) model of the first device,an installation of a reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) on the first device, orsensor related performance information.10.The first device of any of claims 1-9, wherein at least one of the transmitting the capability information, the receiving the configuration, the receiving the sensing result, or the aligning with the target route is triggered in response to at least one of:a trajectory of the first device being misaligned with the target route,a collision being predicted,a change of a power state of the first device,an indication from at least one of: the second device, or the fourth device.11.The first device of any of claims 1-10, wherein:the first device comprises one of: an unmanned aerial vehicle, a train, or a car,the second device comprises a transmitting node,the third device comprises a receiving node,the fourth device comprises one of: a sensing function, a location management function, or a control node for the first device.12.A second device comprising:a processor configured to cause the second device to:receive capability information of a first device, the capability information at least indicating a supported capability related to sensing;transmit at least one of: a first configuration to the first device or a second configuration to a third device, the at least one of the first configuration or the second configuration being associated with handling of a sensing signal;transmit the sensing signal to the first device; andreceive, from a fourth device, a sensing result associated with the first device, the sensing result at least indicating a relationship between a trajectory of the first device and a target route for the first device.13.The second device of claim 12, wherein the processor is further configured to cause the second device to:receive, from at least one of the first device or the fourth device, route information indicating the target route for the first device; ordetermine route information indicating the target route for the first device; andtransmit the route information to at least one of: the first device, the fourth device, or the third device.14.The second device of claim 12 or 13, wherein the processor is further configured to cause the second device to:receive, from the first device or the fourth device, at least one of: an indication of alignment the first device’s trajectory with the target route, or an updated state of the first device.15.The second device of any of claims 12-14, wherein the at least one of the first configuration or the second configuration comprises state information of the first device, wherein the state information comprises at least one of:an indication of an adjustment of the state of the first device,an index of the state,a related application time for the state,a parameter for receiving or forwarding the sensing signal,a parameter for forwarding the sensing signal with the RIS,location information of the second device and / or a third device, orsensing reference signal information.16.The second device of any of claims 12-15, wherein the processor is further configured to cause the second device to:receive, from the first device, at least one of the following information of the first device:a radar cross section (RCS) model distribution with parameters, orat least one angle pair with an associated RCS value or reference signal quality value greater than or equal to a threshold.17.The second device of any of claims 12-16, wherein at least one of the receiving the capability information, the transmitting the first or second configuration, or the receiving the sensing result is triggered in response to at least one of:a trajectory of the first device being misaligned with the target route,a collision being predicted,a change of a power state of the first device,an indication from at least one of: the first device, or the fourth device.18.A third device comprising:a processor configured to cause the third device to:receive capability information of a first device, the capability information at least indicating a supported capability related to sensing;receive, from a second device, a configuration associated with handling a sensing signal from the first device;receive the sensing signal from the first device based on the configuration;transmit a result of sensing measurements of the sensing signal to at least one of: the second device or a fourth device; andreceive, from the fourth device, a sensing result associated with the first device, the sensing result at least indicating a relationship between a trajectory of the first device and a target route for the first device.19.A fourth device comprising:a processor configured to cause the fourth device to:receive, from a second device, a result of sensing measurements of a sensing signal associated with a first device;determine a sensing result associated with the first device at least based on the result of sensing measurements; andtransmit the sensing result to at least one of: the first device, a third device, or the second device, the sensing result at least indicating a relationship between a trajectory of the first device and a target route for the first device.20.The fourth device of claim 19, wherein the processor is further configured to cause the fourth device to:determine the sensing result based on at least one of: a result of sensing measurements of the sensing signal at a first time instance, sensing information of at least one sensor associated with the first device at a second time instance, or predefined sensing data at a third time instance,wherein the sensing result is determined by fusing at least one of the sensing measurements, the sensing information, or the predefined sensing data according to the first, second and third time durations.