Antenna module and electronic device

Abstract

The present application relates to an antenna module and an electronic device. In the antenna module, a first radiating branch is connected to a main radiating element via a first gating component, and a second radiating branch is connected to the main radiating element via a second gating component. A first end of the first gating component and a first end of the second gating component are connected in parallel to a first end of a filtering inductor, and a second end of the filtering inductor is connected to a control unit. When the control unit outputs a low level, the first gating component and the second gating component are turned off, and the antenna module corresponds to a first operating frequency band. When the control unit outputs a high level, the first gating component and the second gating component are turned on, and the antenna module corresponds to a second operating frequency band. In this way, the main radiating element and the radiating branches are connected via the gating components controlled on the basis of high and low levels, so as to control whether paths between the main radiating element and the radiating branches are connected, thereby enabling selection of different antenna operating frequency bands.

Description

Antenna modules and electronic equipment Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of wireless communication technology, and in particular to an antenna module and electronic device. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, antenna devices often require a single RF link to support communication in two frequency bands simultaneously under various communication modes. However, due to the limitation of antenna operating bandwidth, the bandwidth of conventional antennas cannot cover the required two frequency bands at the same time, and only one can be selected, resulting in poor antenna impedance in the other frequency band, which affects the user's actual experience.

[0003] Utility Model Content

[0004] This application provides an antenna module and electronic device to solve the technical problem of poor antenna frequency band selectivity.

[0005] In a first aspect, this application provides an antenna module, including: a control unit, a filter inductor, a first gating component, a second gating component, a main radiator, a ground stub connected to the main radiator, a first radiating stub, and a second radiating stub;

[0006] The first radiating stub is connected to the main radiator through the first gating component, and the second radiating stub is connected to the main radiator through the second gating component; the first end of the first gating component and the first end of the second gating component are connected in parallel to the first end of the filter inductor, and the second end of the filter inductor is connected to the control unit;

[0007] When the control unit outputs a low level, the first gating component and the second gating component are turned off, and the antenna module corresponds to the first operating frequency band; when the control unit outputs a high level, the first gating component and the second gating component are turned on, and the antenna module corresponds to the second operating frequency band.

[0008] In one possible implementation, the first radiating stub is connected to the second end of the first gating component, and the first end of the first gating component is also connected to the first end of the main radiator; the second radiating stub is connected to the second end of the second gating component, and the first end of the second gating component is also connected to the first end of the main radiator.

[0009] In one possible implementation, the first gating component is a first diode, and the second gating component is a second diode; the first terminal of the first diode is the positive terminal, and the second terminal of the first diode is the negative terminal; the first terminal of the second diode is the positive terminal, and the second terminal of the second diode is the negative terminal.

[0010] In one possible implementation, the branch has a bend, and at least one of the two sides constituting the bend has a length greater than a preset length.

[0011] In one possible implementation, the bend is U-shaped.

[0012] In one possible implementation, the first operating frequency band is higher than the second operating frequency band.

[0013] In one possible implementation, the center frequency of the first operating frequency band is 916 MHz, and / or the center frequency of the second operating frequency band is 868 MHz.

[0014] In one possible implementation, there is a gap between any two of the main radiator, the first radiating branch, the second radiating branch, and the ground branch, and the width of the gap is within a preset width range.

[0015] In one possible implementation, the distance between the first radiating branch and the second radiating branch is less than a preset distance, and the first radiating branch and the second radiating branch correspond to different operating frequencies.

[0016] Secondly, this application provides an electronic device comprising the antenna module described in any one of the first aspects.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution provided in this application has the following advantages: The antenna module provided in this application includes: a control unit, a filter inductor, a first gating component, a second gating component, a main radiator, a ground stub connected to the main radiator, a first radiating stub, and a second radiating stub; the first radiating stub is connected to the main radiator through the first gating component, and the second radiating stub is connected to the main radiator through the second gating component; the first end of the first gating component and the first end of the second gating component are connected in parallel to the first end of the filter inductor, and the second end of the filter inductor is connected to the control unit; when the control unit outputs a low level, the first gating component and the second gating component are cut off, and the antenna module corresponds to a first operating frequency band; when the control unit outputs a high level, the first gating component and the second gating component are turned on, and the antenna module corresponds to a second operating frequency band. In this way, gating components are set on multiple branches of the antenna radiator. By outputting high and low levels, the gating components can be switched on or off, thereby controlling whether the path between the main radiator and the branches is open. This allows the antenna module to operate in different frequency bands based on different antenna radiation paths, realizing the frequency band switching function of the antenna and facilitating its application in various communication modes. Attached Figure Description

[0018] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with this application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of this application.

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0020] One or more embodiments are illustrated by way of example with reference numerals in the accompanying drawings. These illustrations do not constitute a limitation on the embodiments. Elements with the same reference numerals in the drawings are denoted as similar elements. Unless otherwise stated, the figures in the drawings are not to be limited by scale.

[0021] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of an antenna module provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0022] Figure 2 is a connection diagram of a gating component provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0023] Figure 3 is a structural schematic diagram of an antenna module provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0024] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of an antenna module and its control circuit provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0025] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the overall and partial structure of an antenna module provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0026] Figure 6 is a front view of an antenna module provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0027] Figure 7 is a structural side view of an antenna module provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0028] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached diagram: T, antenna module; 1, main radiator; 2, first radiating stub; 3, second radiating stub; 4, first gating component; 5, second gating component; 6, ground stub; 7, control unit; 8, filter inductor; 9, bend; K1, first end of the first gating component; K2, first end of the second gating component; K3, first end of the filter inductor; K4, second end of the filter inductor; K5, second end of the first gating component; K6, first end of the main radiator; K7, second end of the second gating component; K8, second end of the main radiator; G1, upwardly extending bend of the main radiator; G2, downward extending structure of the main radiator; D, feed port; S, RF chip; C, DC blocking capacitor; GND, ground; L, second filter inductor; B1, first side of the bend; B2, second side of the bend; X, gap. Detailed Implementation

[0029] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of this application can be combined with each other.

[0030] The following disclosure provides numerous different embodiments or examples for implementing various structures of this application. To simplify the disclosure, specific examples of components and arrangements are described below. These are merely examples and are not intended to limit the scope of this application. Furthermore, reference numerals and / or letters may be repeated in different examples. Such repetition is for simplification and clarity and does not in itself indicate a relationship between the various embodiments and / or arrangements discussed.

[0031] To address the technical problem of poor antenna frequency selectivity in the prior art, this application provides an antenna module and an electronic device equipped with the antenna module. By setting different gating components in different radiating stubs, different stub paths can be selected based on the high and low level outputs of the control unit, so that the antenna can switch between different operating frequency bands.

[0032] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an antenna module provided in this embodiment. As shown in Figure 1, the antenna module T includes: a main radiator 1, a first radiating stub 2, a second radiating stub 3, a first gating component 4, a second gating component 5, a ground stub 6 connected to the main radiator 1, a control unit 7, and a filter inductor 8.

[0033] The first radiating branch 2 is connected to the main radiator 1 through the first gating component 4, and the second radiating branch 3 is connected to the main radiator 1 through the second gating component 5; the first end K1 of the first gating component 4 and the first end K2 of the second gating component 5 are connected in parallel to the first end K3 of the filter inductor 8, and the second end K4 of the filter inductor 8 is connected to the control unit 7.

[0034] When the control unit 7 outputs a low level, the first gating component 4 and the second gating component 5 are turned off, and the antenna module corresponds to the first operating frequency band; when the control unit 7 outputs a high level, the first gating component 4 and the second gating component 5 are turned on, and the antenna module corresponds to the second operating frequency band.

[0035] In this embodiment, the main radiator 1, the first radiating branch 2, and the second radiating branch 3 can constitute the radiating element of the antenna to realize the radiating communication function of the antenna module. The first radiating branch 2 and the second radiating branch 3 can be two branches on the main radiator 1 that point in different directions.

[0036] In one embodiment, the main radiator 1 can be a strip structure, the first radiating branch 2 can be connected to the upwardly extending structure G1 of the main radiator 1, and the second radiating branch 3 can be connected to the downwardly extending structure G2 of the main radiator 1, so that the gating components can be connected at different locations, which is beneficial for wiring.

[0037] In one embodiment, the length of the structure G1, which is the main radiator 1 connected to the first radiating branch 2 and bent upward, can be 26.75 mm.

[0038] In one embodiment, the length of the structure G1, which is the main radiator 1 connected to the first radiating branch 2 and extends upward, can be within the range of 26.75 mm [-50%, +50%], i.e., 26.75 ± 13.375 mm.

[0039] In one embodiment, in addition to the first radiating stub 2 and the second radiating stub 3, the antenna may also include one or more other radiating stubs, which are also connected to the main radiator 1, thereby forming effective radiation at different frequency points and ensuring the radiation efficiency of the antenna module in a wider frequency band.

[0040] In one embodiment, other radiating branches may also correspond to different operating frequency bands. Other radiating branches may also be connected to the control unit 7 via a gating component, so that the control unit 7 can also control the conduction or cutoff of other radiating branches via the gating component.

[0041] In one embodiment, the control unit 7 may be a general-purpose input / output (GPIO) pin, etc. The control unit 7 may output control signals of different levels to control the on or off of the gating component.

[0042] In one embodiment, as shown in Figures 4 and 6, the main radiator 1 may include a feed port D, which is connected to the RF chip S for receiving RF signals. For example, as shown in Figure 4, the feed port D can be connected to the RF chip S via an RF pin.

[0043] Optionally, as shown in Figure 4, a capacitor can be connected in series between the power supply port D and the RF chip S. This capacitor can be a DC blocking capacitor C, used to block the DC signal emitted by the control unit 7. Here, the capacitance value can be greater than or equal to 10pF.

[0044] In one embodiment, the main radiator 1 can be grounded to GND. For example, a second filter inductor L is connected in series between the main radiator 1 and GND to isolate radio frequency signals. Here, the inductance value of the second filter inductor L can be greater than or equal to 27nH.

[0045] In one embodiment, the control unit 7 can output a control signal, such as a DC control signal, which can be a high level or a low level.

[0046] In one embodiment, the first gating component 4 and the second gating component 5 are connected to the control unit 7 via a filter inductor 8. For example, the first terminal K1 of the first gating component 4 and the first terminal K2 of the second gating component 5 may be connected in parallel to the first terminal K3 of the filter inductor 8, and the second terminal K4 of the filter inductor 8 may be used to connect to the control unit 7. Here, the filter inductor 8 may be a first filter inductor.

[0047] The filter inductor 8 can be used to isolate radio frequency signals. Here, the inductance value of the filter inductor 8 can be greater than or equal to 27nH. The control unit 7 outputs a high-level or low-level control signal to the first terminal of the first gating component 4 and the first terminal of the second gating component 5, which can control the conduction or cutoff of the first gating component 4 and the second gating component 5.

[0048] In one embodiment, the filter inductor 8 can be an adjustable inductor.

[0049] In one embodiment, the inductance value of the filter inductor 8 can be adjusted according to the radio frequency signal.

[0050] In one embodiment, the inductance value of the filter inductor 8 can be adjusted according to the first operating frequency band and / or the second operating frequency band.

[0051] In this way, by connecting the control unit 7 through the filter inductor 8, the interference of the radio frequency signal received by the antenna module from the radio frequency chip on the DC control signal of the control unit 7 can be reduced, thereby improving the working efficiency of the antenna module.

[0052] In one embodiment, when the antenna module is not connected to the target terminal, the control unit 7 can periodically alternately output high and low levels to control the antenna module to operate alternately in different operating frequency bands. When the antenna module is connected to the target terminal, the control unit 7 can be used to determine the required operating frequency band based on the communication needs to the target terminal, and thus determine whether to output a high or low level.

[0053] In one embodiment, when the control unit 7 outputs a low level, the first gating component 4 and the second gating component 5 are turned off, thus disconnecting the path between the first radiating stub 2 and the main radiator 1, and disconnecting the path between the second radiating stub 3 and the main radiator 1. At this time, the antenna module operates in the first operating frequency band.

[0054] In one embodiment, when the control unit 7 outputs a high level, the first gating component 4 and the second gating component 5 are turned on, thus connecting the first radiating stub 2 to the main radiator 1 and the second radiating stub 3 to the main radiator 1. At this time, the antenna module operates in the second operating frequency band.

[0055] Here, the gating component can be a diode, transistor, switch control circuit, or other type of gating component. The switch control circuit can be a circuit that adjusts the switch state based on the input level.

[0056] In one embodiment, the difference between the first operating frequency band and the second operating frequency band is greater than a preset threshold. For example, it could mean that the difference between the center frequency of the first operating frequency band and the center frequency of the second operating frequency band is greater than the preset threshold.

[0057] In one embodiment, the first radiating branch 2 is connected to the first end of the main radiator 1 through the first gating component 4. For example, the first radiating branch 2 is connected to the second end K5 of the first gating component 4, and the first end K6 of the main radiator 1 is connected to the first end K1 of the first gating component 4.

[0058] In one embodiment, the second radiating branch 3 is connected to the second end of the main radiator 1 through the second gating component 5. For example, the second radiating branch 3 is connected to the second end K7 of the second gating component 5, and the second end K8 of the main radiator 1 is connected to the first end K2 of the second gating component 5.

[0059] Here, the first end K6 of the main radiator 1 can be the end of the upwardly extending structure G1 of the main radiator 1, and the second end K8 of the main radiator 1 can be the end of the downwardly extending structure G2 of the main radiator 1.

[0060] In one embodiment, the distance between the end of the first radiating branch 2 and the end of the second radiating branch 3 is greater than a preset lower limit. The end can refer to the end of the radiating branch that is far away from the main radiator 1 or far away from the gating component, so as to ensure that the connection wiring between the two gating components and the control unit 7 will not affect each other, which is beneficial to the wiring layout.

[0061] In one embodiment, the dimensions of the first radiating branch 2 and the second radiating branch 3 can be determined based on a second operating frequency band. The dimensions of the main radiator 1 can be determined based on the first operating frequency band and / or the second operating frequency band.

[0062] In this way, gating components are set on multiple branches of the antenna radiator. By outputting high and low levels, the gating components can be switched on or off, thereby controlling whether the path between the main radiator and the branches is open. This allows the antenna module to operate in different frequency bands based on different antenna radiation paths, realizing the frequency band switching function of the antenna and facilitating its application in various communication modes.

[0063] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG2, the first gating component 4 is a first diode, and the second gating component 5 is a second diode; the first terminal K1 of the first diode is the positive terminal, and the second terminal K5 of the first diode is the negative terminal; the first terminal K2 of the second diode is the positive terminal, and the second terminal K7 of the second diode is the negative terminal.

[0064] Here, the selection component is a diode. The diode conducts when its anode is connected to a high-level output from control unit 7, and is cut off when its anode is connected to a low-level output from control unit 7. Optionally, the diode can be a PN diode.

[0065] In one embodiment, the anode of the first diode is connected to the main radiator 1 and the filter inductor 8, and the cathode is connected to the first radiating stub 2; the anode of the second diode is connected to the main radiator 1 and the filter inductor 8, and the cathode is connected to the second radiating stub 3.

[0066] In one embodiment, when the control unit 7 outputs a low level, the positive terminals of the first diode and the second diode are input to a low level, the first diode and the second diode are cut off, the path between the first radiating branch 2 and the main radiator 1 is disconnected, and the path between the second radiating branch 3 and the main radiator 1 is disconnected.

[0067] In one embodiment, when the control unit 7 outputs a high level, the positive terminals of the first diode and the second diode are input with a high level, the first diode and the second diode are turned on, the first radiating branch 2 is connected to the main radiator 1, and the second radiating branch 3 is connected to the main radiator 1.

[0068] In this way, the selection and switching of the antenna's operating frequency band can be achieved using only two diodes, without occupying a large area, reducing production costs and improving antenna efficiency.

[0069] In some embodiments, the branch 6 has a bent portion 9, and at least one of the two sides constituting the bent portion 9 has a length greater than a preset length.

[0070] In one embodiment, Figure 3 is a structural schematic diagram of an antenna module provided in this embodiment. As shown in Figure 3, the bent portion 9 is U-shaped.

[0071] Here, the ground branch 6 can be used as a metal ground plane to connect the antenna module.

[0072] In one embodiment, as shown in FIG3, when the bend 9 is U-shaped, the branch 6 extends to the bend 9 to form an L-shaped structure, and the bend 9 extends to its end to form an inverted L-shaped structure. The L-shaped structure and the inverted L-shaped structure constitute a U-shaped structure. Here, the end of the bend 9 refers to the end of the second side B2 of the bend 9, and the branch 6 constitutes the first side B1 of the bend 9. The first side B1 and the second side B2 can be parallel or at a certain angle.

[0073] In one embodiment, the length of the second side B2 of the inverted L-shaped structure, which constitutes the bent portion 9, can be 10.55 mm.

[0074] In one embodiment, the length of the second side B2 of the inverted L-shaped structure, which constitutes the bending portion 9, can be within the range of [-50%, +50%] of 10.55, i.e., 10.55 ± 5.275 mm.

[0075] In one embodiment, the bend 9 may be located at the end of the ground branch 6. For example, the beginning of the ground branch 6 is connected to the main radiator 1, and the end of the ground branch 6 has the bend 9.

[0076] In one embodiment, the branch 6 may have one or more bends 9, for example, multiple bends 9 may be arranged in parallel.

[0077] In one embodiment, the length of at least one of the two sides constituting the bent portion 9 is greater than a preset length, which may refer to the length of the first side B1 and / or the second side B2 being greater than the preset length.

[0078] In one embodiment, at least one of the two sides constituting the bent portion 9 has a length greater than a preset length, and the length of the first side B1 is greater than a preset ratio of the length of the second side B2.

[0079] In one embodiment, the preset ratio may be within a preset ratio range, such as 50% to 200%.

[0080] For example, the length of the first side B1 is greater than 150% of the length of the second side B2, such as the length of the first side B1 being equal to 200% of the length of the second side B2.

[0081] Thus, by setting the bend 9 and ensuring sufficient length on both sides, the length of the current path is increased, ensuring radiation efficiency in the low-frequency band.

[0082] In one embodiment, the ground branch 6 can be arranged parallel to the main radiator 1. For example, the upper end of the ground branch 6 can be flush with the upper end of the main radiator 1.

[0083] In one embodiment, the ground branch 6 and the main radiator 1 can be connected by a bent structure, for example, the bent structure can be part of the main radiator 1.

[0084] In one embodiment, the ground branch 6 can be connected to the third end of the main radiator 1. Here, the main radiator 1 can be a strip-shaped structure, with the third end located at the upper part of the main radiator 1, and the first and second ends located at the lower part of the main radiator 1. For example, as shown in FIG2, the third end of the main radiator 1 is the end of the upper part of the main radiator 1 and is connected to the ground branch 6 parallel to the main radiator 1; the lower part of the main radiator 1 has a bifurcated structure, from which the first and second ends of the main radiator 1 extend respectively. Exemplarily, the first end is the end of the upwardly bent structure of the lower part of the main radiator 1, and the second end is the end of the downwardly extended structure of the lower part of the main radiator 1.

[0085] In one embodiment, the distance between the ground branch 6 and the main radiator 1 can be within a preset range. For example, being within the preset range can mean not exceeding a preset distance, thereby reducing the space occupied and improving the coupling between the ground branch 6 and the main radiator 1. The distance between the ground branch 6 and the main radiator 1 can refer to the vertical distance between the parallel ground branch 6 and the main radiator 1.

[0086] In this way, the antenna radiator is short-circuited to the ground stub 6, which can keep the antenna radiator in a low-level state and prevent changes in the level of the main radiator 1 from affecting the conduction and cutoff states of the gating components. This allows it to work in coordination with the control signal output by the control unit 7 to accurately control the conduction and disconnection of the two gating components.

[0087] In some embodiments, the first operating frequency band is higher than the second operating frequency band.

[0088] In one embodiment, the difference between the first operating frequency band and the second operating frequency band is greater than a preset threshold. For example, it could mean that the difference between the center frequency of the first operating frequency band and the center frequency of the second operating frequency band is greater than the preset threshold.

[0089] In one embodiment, the first operating frequency band and the second operating frequency band can be the operating frequency bands corresponding to the Sub-1G communication mode.

[0090] In one embodiment, the center frequency of the first operating frequency band is 916 MHz, and / or the center frequency of the second operating frequency band is 868 MHz.

[0091] In this way, for the two large frequency bands required for communication modes such as Sub-1G, the coverage and switching of different operating frequency bands can be met, and the same radiation efficiency can be achieved in different frequency bands.

[0092] In some embodiments, there is a gap between any two of the main radiator 1, the first radiating branch 2, the second radiating branch 3, and the ground branch 6, and the width of the gap is within a preset width range.

[0093] Here, as shown in Figure 3, the first radiating branch 2, the second radiating branch 3, and the ground branch 6 are respectively connected to the structure of the main radiator 1 in different extension directions, and there is a gap X between each part.

[0094] In one embodiment, the preset width range can be 1 to 5 mm.

[0095] For example, the gap width between the first radial branch 2 and the ground branch 6 can be 1.6 mm.

[0096] In one embodiment, the main radiator 1, the first radiating branch 2, the second radiating branch 3, and the ground branch 6 form a coupling structure based on gaps. "Within a preset width range" can refer to a preset width range that produces optimal coupling performance.

[0097] In this way, the gaps between multiple branches introduce capacitive coupling, thereby neutralizing the inductive nature of the antenna input impedance and improving the antenna's impedance matching characteristics.

[0098] In some embodiments, the distance between at least one of the main radiator 1, the first radiating branch 2, and the second radiating branch 3 and the ground branch 6 is less than a preset distance.

[0099] In one embodiment, the distance between the first radiating branch 2 and the second radiating branch 3 is less than a preset distance, and the first radiating branch 2 and the second radiating branch 3 correspond to different operating frequencies.

[0100] In one embodiment, the preset distance may include a first preset distance, a second preset distance, and a third preset distance.

[0101] In one embodiment, the distance between the first radiating branch 2 and the second radiating branch 3 can refer to the distance between the center point of the first radiating branch 2 and the center point of the second radiating branch 3.

[0102] In this way, because the branches corresponding to different operating frequencies are close together, effective radiation is formed at different frequency points, ensuring the radiation efficiency of the antenna module in a wider frequency band and expanding the bandwidth of the antenna module.

[0103] In one embodiment, the distance between the ground branch 6 and the main radiator 1 can refer to the distance between the first side connecting the ground branch 6 and the main radiator 1 and the main radiator 1. The distance between the ground branch 6 and the main radiator 1 can be less than a first preset distance.

[0104] In one embodiment, the distance between the ground branch 6 and the first radial branch 2 can refer to the distance between the end of the ground branch 6 and the second end of the first radial branch 2. Here, the end of the ground branch 6 can also refer to the end of the bend 9. The distance between the ground branch 6 and the first radial branch 2 can be less than a second preset distance.

[0105] In one embodiment, the distance between the ground branch 6 and the second radial branch 3 can refer to the distance between the end of the ground branch 6 and the second end of the second radial branch 3, or it can refer to the distance between the bend 9 and the second end of the second radial branch 3. For example, the distance between the bend 9 and the end of the second radial branch 3 can refer to the distance between the midpoint of the bend 9 and the second end of the second radial branch 3. The distance between the ground branch 6 and the second radial branch 3 can be less than a third preset distance.

[0106] In one embodiment, the first preset distance may be equal to or less than the third preset distance, and the second preset distance may be greater than both the first and third preset distances.

[0107] In this way, the ground stub 6 and the radiating element of the antenna module form a coupling structure, introducing parasitic capacitance, which can neutralize the inductive properties of the low-frequency antenna module, improve the impedance matching characteristics of the antenna module, and thus optimize the antenna bandwidth.

[0108] As one possible implementation, as shown in Figure 4, an electrically adjustable frequency adaptive antenna is provided, which has the following characteristics:

[0109] Frequency adaptive: The antenna's operating frequency is adaptively adjusted by means of electrical adjustment.

[0110] Excellent passive characteristics: It has high radiation efficiency in both operating frequency bands;

[0111] Low cost: It uses inexpensive PN diodes paired with GPIO control pins to achieve electrically adjustable performance.

[0112] Specifically: The antenna radiator is grounded via a lead wire, and a filter inductor is connected in series between the antenna and ground. There are two states: State 1: GPIO is low, and the antenna operates in the 916MHz band; State 2: GPIO is high, and the antenna operates in the 868MHz band. When not connected to a terminal, the antenna polls between 868MHz and 916MHz by controlling the GPIO level. When a target device is detected, the antenna's operating state is locked. Thus, the antenna's operating frequency band switches between 868MHz and 916MHz according to the GPIO control signal, and the antenna is well-matched between these two operating states.

[0113] As shown in Figure 5, three local magnifications are made of the antenna in Figure 4. At position a, a short-circuited antenna is constructed by short-circuiting the antenna radiator to the ground stub using a bent trace. The technical effect is that it enables the antenna radiator to maintain a low-level state so as to work in conjunction with the GPIO control signal, thereby controlling the conduction and disconnection of diodes 1#PN (the first diode) and 2#PN (the second diode).

[0114] At position b, the antenna ground stub is bent into an inverted L shape, which increases the current path and ensures radiation efficiency in the low-frequency band.

[0115] At position c, the ground stub and the main radiating stub of the antenna form a coupling structure, introducing parasitic capacitance, which neutralizes the inductance of the low-frequency antenna, improves the impedance matching characteristics of the antenna, and optimizes the antenna bandwidth.

[0116] At positions b and d, the antenna is connected to the first radiating stub 2, the second radiating stub 3, and the ground stub 6 at different ends to form extensions in different directions, presenting a multi-stub shape, which can form effective radiation at different frequency points and ensure the radiation efficiency of the antenna in a wide frequency band.

[0117] Figures 6 and 7 show the front and side views of the antenna. Preferably, the substrate is made of 1.6mm thick flame-retardant FR-4 material, with center frequencies of 868MHz and 916MHz in the two operating states, respectively. Optionally, the size can be adjusted between 30% and 200% depending on the target frequency.

[0118] In one embodiment, an electronic device is also provided, including the antenna module described in any one or more of the foregoing embodiments.

[0119] It should be understood that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular exemplary embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting. Unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular forms “a,” “an,” and “described” as used herein may also include the plural forms. The terms “comprising,” “including,” “containing,” and “having” are inclusive and therefore indicate the presence of the stated features, steps, operations, elements, and / or components, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, steps, operations, elements, components, and / or combinations thereof. The method steps, processes, and operations described herein are not construed as requiring them to be performed in a particular order described or illustrated unless the order of performance is explicitly indicated. It should also be understood that additional or alternative steps may be used.

[0120] Unless otherwise specified, each step in a particular implementation or embodiment can be implemented as an independent embodiment, and the steps can be arbitrarily combined. For example, the solution after removing some steps in a particular implementation or embodiment can also be implemented as an independent embodiment, and the order of the steps in a particular implementation or embodiment can be arbitrarily interchanged. In addition, the optional methods or examples in a particular implementation or embodiment can be arbitrarily combined. Furthermore, the implementations or embodiments can be arbitrarily combined with each other. For example, some or all of the steps in different implementations or embodiments can be arbitrarily combined, and a particular implementation or embodiment can be arbitrarily combined with the optional methods or examples of other implementations or embodiments.

[0121] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, enabling those skilled in the art to understand or implement this application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of this application. Therefore, this application is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features claimed herein.

Claims

1. An antenna module, characterized in that, The antenna module includes: a control unit, a filter inductor, a first gating component, a second gating component, a main radiator, a ground stub connected to the main radiator, a first radiating stub, and a second radiating stub; The first radiating stub is connected to the main radiator through the first gating component, and the second radiating stub is connected to the main radiator through the second gating component; the first end of the first gating component and the first end of the second gating component are connected in parallel to the first end of the filter inductor, and the second end of the filter inductor is connected to the control unit; When the control unit outputs a low level, the first gating component and the second gating component are turned off, and the antenna module corresponds to the first operating frequency band; when the control unit outputs a high level, the first gating component and the second gating component are turned on, and the antenna module corresponds to the second operating frequency band.

2. The antenna module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first radiating branch is connected to the second end of the first gating component, and the first end of the first gating component is also connected to the first end of the main radiator; the second radiating branch is connected to the second end of the second gating component, and the first end of the second gating component is also connected to the second end of the main radiator.

3. The antenna module according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first gating component is a first diode, and the second gating component is a second diode; the first terminal of the first diode is the positive terminal, and the second terminal of the first diode is the negative terminal; the first terminal of the second diode is the positive terminal, and the second terminal of the second diode is the negative terminal.

4. The antenna module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The branch has a bent portion, and at least one of the two sides constituting the bent portion has a length greater than a preset length.

5. The antenna module according to claim 4, characterized in that, The bent portion is U-shaped.

6. The antenna module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first operating frequency band is higher than the second operating frequency band.

7. The antenna module according to claim 6, characterized in that, The center frequency of the first operating frequency band is 916MHz, and / or the center frequency of the second operating frequency band is 868MHz.

8. The antenna module according to claim 1, characterized in that, There is a gap between any two of the main radiator, the first radiating branch, the second radiating branch, and the ground branch, and the width of the gap is within a preset width range.

9. The antenna module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The distance between the first radiating branch and the second radiating branch is less than a preset distance, and the first radiating branch and the second radiating branch correspond to different operating frequencies.

10. The antenna module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The main radiator has a strip-shaped structure, with the first radiating branch connected to the upwardly extending structure of the main radiator and the second radiating branch connected to the downwardly extending structure of the main radiator.

11. The antenna module according to claim 10, characterized in that, The length of the upwardly extending structure of the main radiator connected to the first radiating branch is 26.75 ± 13.375 mm.

12. The antenna module according to claim 11, characterized in that, The length of the upwardly extending structure of the main radiator connected to the first radiating branch is 26.75 mm.

13. The antenna module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The main radiator is provided with a power supply port, which is connected to the radio frequency chip through an RF pin to receive radio frequency signals.

14. The antenna module according to claim 13, characterized in that, A DC blocking capacitor is connected in series between the power supply port and the radio frequency chip to block the DC signal emitted by the control unit.

15. The antenna module according to claim 14, characterized in that, The capacitance value of the DC blocking capacitor is greater than or equal to 10pF.

16. The antenna module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The main radiator is grounded, and a second filter inductor is connected in series between the main radiator and the ground to isolate radio frequency signals.

17. The antenna module according to claim 16, characterized in that, The inductance value of the second filter inductor is greater than or equal to 27nH.

18. The antenna module according to claim 5, characterized in that, Of the two sides constituting the bend, the length of the second side of the inverted L-shaped structure ranges from 10.55 ± 5.275 mm.

19. The antenna module according to claim 18, characterized in that, Of the two sides constituting the bend, the length of the second side of the inverted L-shaped structure is 10.55 mm.

20. The antenna module according to claim 8, characterized in that, The preset width range is 1 to 5 mm.

21. An electronic device, characterized in that, The electronic device includes the antenna module according to any one of claims 1 to 20.

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