Wireless communication methods and apparatuses, devices, and storage medium

Abstract

Wireless communication methods and apparatuses, devices, and a storage medium, belonging to the technical field of mobile communications. A wireless communication method may be executed by a first device. The method comprises: sending to a second device a first message or first channel for D2R transmission, the status of the first message or first channel carrying specified information being associated with the modulation mode of the first message or first channel, and the specified information being one or more of a midamble and a postamble.

Description

Wireless communication methods, apparatus, devices and storage media Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of mobile communication technology, and in particular to a wireless communication method, apparatus, device and storage medium. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous development of mobile communication technology, the application of environmental Internet of Things is becoming more and more widespread.

[0003] The Internet of Things (IoT) for the environment consists of reader devices and A-IoT devices. In related technologies, the transmission between reader devices and A-IoT devices can be divided into R2D (Reader-to-Device) transmission, which is sent from the reader side to the A-IoT device side, and D2R (Device-to-Reader) transmission, which is sent from the A-IoT device side to the reader side. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a wireless communication method, apparatus, device, and storage medium. The technical solution is as follows:

[0005] On one hand, embodiments of this application provide a wireless communication method, the method being executed by a first device, the method comprising:

[0006] Send a first message or a first channel for D2R transmission to a second device; if the first message or the first channel carries specified information, it is associated with the modulation scheme of the first message or the first channel; the specified information is one or more of an intermediate preamble and a post-preamble.

[0007] On one hand, embodiments of this application provide a wireless communication method, the method being executed by a second device, the method comprising:

[0008] Receive a first message or a first channel transmitted via D2R; if the first message or the first channel carries specified information, it is associated with the modulation scheme of the first message or the first channel; the specified information is one or more of an intermediate preamble and a post-preamble.

[0009] On the other hand, embodiments of this application provide a wireless communication device, which is disposed in a first device, and the device includes:

[0010] The transmitting module is used to transmit a first message or a first channel of D2R transmission to the second device; the first message or the first channel carries specified information, which is associated with the modulation scheme of the first message or the first channel; the specified information is one or more of an intermediate preamble and a post-preamble.

[0011] On the other hand, embodiments of this application provide a wireless communication device, which is disposed in a second device, and the device includes:

[0012] The receiving module is used to receive a first message or a first channel transmitted by a first device in D2R; if the first message or the first channel carries specified information, it is associated with the modulation scheme of the first message or the first channel; the specified information is one or more of an intermediate preamble and a post-preamble.

[0013] On the other hand, embodiments of this application provide a first device, the first device including a processor, a memory, and a transceiver;

[0014] The memory stores a computer program, and the processor executes the computer program to enable the terminal device to implement the above-described wireless communication method.

[0015] On the other hand, embodiments of this application provide a second device, the second device including a processor, a memory, and a transceiver;

[0016] The memory stores a computer program, and the processor executes the computer program to enable the network device to implement the above-described wireless communication method.

[0017] In another aspect, embodiments of this application also provide a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, which is loaded and executed by a processor to implement the above-described wireless communication method.

[0018] In another aspect, this application also provides a chip for operation in a communication device to enable the communication device to perform the above-described wireless communication method.

[0019] In another aspect, this application provides a computer program product including computer instructions stored in a computer-readable storage medium. A processor of a communication device reads the computer instructions from the computer-readable storage medium and executes the computer instructions, causing the communication device to perform the aforementioned wireless communication method.

[0020] In another aspect, this application provides a computer program that is executed by the processor of a communication device to implement the above-described wireless communication method.

[0021] This application provides a wireless communication scheme that associates the intermediate preamble and / or postamble carried in D2R transmission messages in the environmental Internet of Things (IoT) with the modulation scheme of the D2R transmission messages. The intermediate preamble and / or postamble in the D2R transmission messages can be sent according to the modulation scheme of the D2R transmission messages, ensuring the flexibility of the transmission of intermediate preamble and / or postamble in D2R transmission, thereby improving the transmission efficiency of the environmental IoT. Attached Figure Description

[0022] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0023] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a communication system according to an exemplary embodiment of this application;

[0024] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the basic structure of an environmental Internet of Things (IoT) communication system according to an exemplary embodiment of this application;

[0025] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the radio frequency energy harvesting principle involved in an exemplary embodiment of this application;

[0026] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the backscatter communication principle involved in an exemplary embodiment of this application;

[0027] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the circuit principle of resistive load modulation according to an exemplary embodiment of this application;

[0028] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of bidirectional communication between an A-IoT device and a base station according to an exemplary embodiment of this application;

[0029] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of bidirectional communication between an A-IoT device and an intermediate node according to an exemplary embodiment of this application;

[0030] Figure 8 is a flowchart of a wireless communication method provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0031] Figure 9 is a flowchart of a wireless communication method provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0032] Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of bidirectional communication between an A-IoT device and a reader device according to an embodiment of this application;

[0033] Figure 11 is a flowchart of a wireless communication method provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0034] Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a D2R message according to an embodiment of this application;

[0035] Figures 13 to 16 are schematic diagrams of simulation results related to the embodiments of this application;

[0036] Figure 17 is a block diagram of a wireless communication device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0037] Figure 18 is a block diagram of a wireless communication device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0038] Figure 19 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a communication device provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0039] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the embodiments of this application will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0040] The network architecture and business scenarios described in the embodiments of this application are for the purpose of more clearly illustrating the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, and do not constitute a limitation on the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of this application. As those skilled in the art will know, with the evolution of network architecture and the emergence of new business scenarios, the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of this application are also applicable to similar technical problems.

[0041] Please refer to Figure 1, which shows a schematic diagram of a communication system according to an exemplary embodiment of this application. The communication system includes network device 110 and terminal device 120, and / or terminal device 120 and terminal device 130, which are not limited in this application.

[0042] The network device 110 in this application provides wireless communication functionality. This network device 110 includes, but is not limited to: an evolved Node B (eNB), a Radio Network Controller (RNC), a Node B (NB), a Base Station Controller (BSC), a Base Transceiver Station (BTS), a Home Evolved Node B (or Home Node B, HNB), a Baseband Unit (BBU), an Access Point (AP) in a Wireless Fidelity (Wi-Fi) system, a wireless relay node, a wireless backhaul node, a Transmission Point (TP), or a Transmission and Reception Point (TRP), etc. It can also be used for next-generation Node B (Next Generation Node) systems in 5G mobile communication systems. B, gNB) or transmission point (TRP or TP), or, in a 5G system, one or a group of antenna panels (including multiple antenna panels) of a base station, or, network nodes constituting a gNB or transmission point, such as baseband unit (BBU) or distributed unit (DU), or base stations in Beyond Fifth Generation (B5G) or 6th Generation (6G) mobile communication systems, or core network (CN), fronthaul, backhaul, radio access network (RAN), network slicing, etc., or serving cell, primary cell (PCell), primary secondary cell (PSCell), special cell (SpCell), secondary cell (SCell), neighboring cell, etc. of terminal equipment.

[0043] The terminal equipment 120 and / or terminal equipment 130 in this application are also referred to as user equipment (UE), access terminal, user unit, user station, mobile station, mobile station, remote station, remote terminal, mobile device, user terminal, terminal, wireless communication equipment, user agent, or user device. This terminal includes, but is not limited to: handheld devices, wearable devices, in-vehicle devices, and IoT devices, such as: mobile phones, tablets, e-readers, laptops, desktop computers, televisions, game consoles, mobile internet devices (MID), augmented reality (AR) terminals, virtual reality (VR) terminals, mixed reality (MR) terminals, wearable devices, controllers, electronic tags, controllers, wireless terminals in industrial control, self-driving, remote medical, smart grid, transportation safety, smart city, smart home, remote medical surgery, cellular phones, cordless phones, Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) phones, and wireless local loops. Loop (WLL) stations, personal digital assistants (PDAs), set-top boxes (STBs), customer premises equipment (CPEs), etc.

[0044] Network device 110 communicates with terminal device 120 and / or terminal device 130 through some air interface technology, such as the Uu interface.

[0045] For example, there are two communication scenarios between network device 110 and terminal device 120 and / or terminal device 130: uplink communication scenario and downlink communication scenario. Uplink communication refers to sending signals to network device 110; downlink communication refers to sending signals to terminal device 120 and / or terminal device 130.

[0046] Terminal device 120 and terminal device 130 communicate with each other through some air interface technology, such as the PC5 interface.

[0047] In some embodiments, there are two communication scenarios between terminal device 120 and terminal device 130: a first side-by-side communication scenario and a second side-by-side communication scenario. The first side-by-side communication refers to sending signals to terminal device 130; the second side-by-side communication refers to sending signals to terminal device 120.

[0048] Terminal device 120 and terminal device 130 are both within the network coverage area and located in the same cell, or terminal device 120 and terminal device 130 are both within the network coverage area but located in different cells, or terminal device 120 is within the network coverage area but terminal device 130 is outside the network coverage area.

[0049] The technical solutions provided in the embodiments of this application can be applied to various communication systems, such as: Global System for Mobile communication (GSM) system, Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) system, Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA) system, General Packet Radio Service (GPRS), Long Term Evolution (LTE) system, LTE Frequency Division Duplex (FDD) system, LTE Time Division Duplex (TDD) system, Advanced Long Term Evolution (LTE-A) system, Universal Mobile Telecommunication System (UMTS), Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX) communication system, 5G mobile communication system, New Radio (NR) system, evolution of NR system, LTE-based access to unlicensed spectrum (LTE-U) system, and NR-based access to unlicensed spectrum. This application encompasses unlicensed spectrum (NR-U) systems, terrestrial networks (TN) systems, non-terrestrial networks (NTN) systems, wireless local area networks (WLANs), wireless Fidelity (Wi-Fi), cellular IoT systems, and cellular passive IoT systems. It can also be applied to subsequent evolutions of 5G NR systems, as well as B5G, 6G, and subsequent evolutions. In some embodiments of this application, "NR" may also refer to a 5G NR system or a 5G system. The 5G mobile communication system may include non-standalone (NSA) and / or standalone (SA) networks.

[0050] The technical solutions provided in the embodiments of this application can also be applied to Machine-Type Communication (MTC), Long Term Evolution-Machine (LTE-M) technology, Device-to-Device (D2D) networks, Machine-to-Machine (M2M) networks, Internet of Things (IoT) networks, or other networks. Among them, IoT networks may include, for example, vehicle-to-everything (V2X) networks. The communication methods in V2X systems are collectively referred to as Vehicle to X (V2X), where X can represent anything. For example, V2X may include: Vehicle to Vehicle (V2V) communication, Vehicle to Infrastructure (V2I) communication, Vehicle to Pedestrian (V2P) communication, or Vehicle to Network (V2N) communication, etc.

[0051] For example, in an IoT network, terminal device 130 may be an Ambient IoT (A-IoT) device.

[0052] Before introducing the technical solution of this application, some background technical knowledge involved in this application will be introduced and explained. The following related technologies are optional solutions and can be arbitrarily combined with the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, all of which fall within the protection scope of the embodiments of this application. The embodiments of this application include at least some of the following contents:

[0053] A-IoT technology principle

[0054] In recent years, the application of zero-power devices has become increasingly widespread. Zero-power Internet of Things (IoT) can also be called Ambient Power Enabled IoT (A-IoT) or Ambient IoT for short, and in some technical literature it is also referred to as passive IoT.

[0055] Environmental IoT communication employs energy harvesting and backscatter communication technologies. A-IoT devices are IoT devices powered by various environmental energy sources, such as radio frequency energy, light energy, solar energy, thermal energy, and mechanical energy. These devices may have no energy storage capacity; alternatively, they may have very limited energy storage capacity (e.g., using capacitors with a capacitance of tens of microfarads (µF)). Compared to traditional IoT devices, A-IoT devices offer numerous advantages, including no need for conventional batteries, no maintenance, small size, low complexity and low cost, and long lifespan. Therefore, A-IoT devices are also known as zero-power terminals.

[0056] Please refer to Figure 2, which shows a schematic diagram of the basic structure of an environmental Internet of Things (IoT) communication system according to an exemplary embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 2, the environmental IoT consists of network devices and A-IoT devices. The network devices are used to send wireless power signals and downlink communication signals to the A-IoT devices, and to receive backscattered signals from the A-IoT devices. A basic A-IoT device includes an energy harvesting module, a backscattered communication module, and a low-power computing module. In addition, the A-IoT device may also have a memory or sensor for storing basic information (such as object identification) or acquiring sensor data such as ambient temperature and humidity.

[0057] In the embodiments of this application, the A-IoT system can also be called a zero-power system, and the A-IoT device can also be called a zero-power device.

[0058] Key technologies for the Internet of Things (IoT) in the environment mainly include radio frequency energy harvesting and backscatter communication.

[0059] 1) Radio Frequency Power Harvesting

[0060] Please refer to Figure 3, which shows a schematic diagram of the radio frequency energy harvesting principle involved in an exemplary embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 3, the radio frequency energy harvesting module harvests spatial electromagnetic wave energy based on the principle of electromagnetic induction, thereby obtaining the energy required to drive the A-IoT device, such as for driving low-power demodulation and modulation modules, sensors, and memory reading. Therefore, the A-IoT device does not require a traditional battery.

[0061] 2) Backscattering communication

[0062] Please refer to Figure 4, which shows a schematic diagram of the backscatter communication principle involved in an exemplary embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 4, the environmental IoT communication terminal receives wireless signals sent by the network, modulates the wireless signals, loads the information to be transmitted, and radiates the modulated signal from the antenna. This information transmission process is called backscatter communication. Backscatter and load modulation functions are inseparable. Load modulation adjusts and controls the circuit parameters of the oscillation circuit of the A-IoT device according to the rhythm of the data flow, thereby changing parameters such as the impedance of the electronic tag, thus completing the modulation process.

[0063] Load modulation technology mainly includes two methods: resistive load modulation and capacitive load modulation.

[0064] Please refer to Figure 5, which shows a schematic diagram of the circuit principle of resistive load modulation according to an exemplary embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 5, in resistive load modulation, a resistor is connected in parallel with the load, and this resistor is turned on or off based on the control of a binary data stream. The switching on and off of the resistor causes a change in the circuit voltage, thus realizing Amplitude Shift Keying (ASK), that is, signal modulation and transmission are achieved by adjusting the amplitude of the backscattered signal of the A-IoT device. Similarly, in capacitive load modulation, the switching on and off of the capacitor can realize a change in the circuit resonant frequency, realizing Frequency Shift Keying (FSK), that is, signal modulation and transmission are achieved by adjusting the operating frequency of the backscattered signal of the A-IoT device.

[0065] As can be seen, A-IoT devices utilize load modulation to modulate the incoming signal, thereby achieving backscatter communication. Therefore, A-IoT devices have the following significant advantages:

[0066] Terminal devices do not actively transmit signals, therefore they do not require complex radio frequency links, such as power amplifiers (PAs) and radio frequency filters.

[0067] Terminal devices do not need to actively generate high-frequency signals, therefore they do not need high-frequency crystal oscillators;

[0068] With the help of backscatter communication, the signal transmission of terminal devices does not require the terminal devices to consume their own power.

[0069] Application scenarios of A-IoT communication

[0070] Due to its significant advantages such as extremely low cost, zero power consumption, and small size, A-IoT communication can be widely used in various industries, such as logistics, smart warehousing, smart agriculture, energy and power, and industrial internet for vertical industries; it can also be used in personal applications such as smart wearables and smart homes.

[0071] Classification of A-IoT devices

[0072] Based on their energy sources and usage patterns, A-IoT devices can be categorized as follows:

[0073] 1) Passive A-IoT devices

[0074] A-IoT devices do not require internal batteries. When an A-IoT device approaches a network device (such as a reader), it falls within the near-field range of the network device's antenna radiation. Therefore, the A-IoT device's antenna generates an induced current through electromagnetic induction, which drives the device's low-power chip circuitry. This circuitry demodulates the forward link signal (downlink, from the network device to the A-IoT device) and modulates the backward link signal (uplink, from the A-IoT device to the network device). For the backscatter link, the A-IoT device uses backscattering to transmit signals.

[0075] It can be seen that passive A-IoT devices do not require built-in batteries to drive either the forward or reverse links, making them true A-IoT devices.

[0076] Passive A-IoT devices do not require batteries, and their radio frequency and baseband circuits are very simple. For example, they do not require low noise amplifiers (LNAs), power amplifiers (PAs), crystal oscillators, analog-to-digital converters (ADCs), etc. Therefore, they have many advantages such as small size, light weight, very low price, and long service life.

[0077] 2) Semi-passive A-IoT devices

[0078] Semi-passive A-IoT devices do not have conventional batteries installed, but they can harvest energy using radio frequency (RF) energy harvesting modules, or using solar / light / thermal / kinetic energy harvesting modules, storing the harvested energy in an energy storage unit (such as a capacitor). Once the energy storage unit receives energy, it can drive the low-power chip circuitry of the A-IoT device, enabling demodulation of forward link signals and modulation of backward link signals. For backscatter links, A-IoT devices use backscattering to transmit signals.

[0079] As can be seen, semi-passive A-IoT devices do not require built-in batteries to drive either the forward or reverse links. Although they use energy stored in capacitors during operation, the energy comes from radio waves harvested by the energy harvesting module. Therefore, semi-passive A-IoT devices are also a true form of A-IoT device.

[0080] Semi-passive A-IoT devices inherit many advantages from passive A-IoT devices, and therefore have many advantages such as small size, light weight, very low price, and long service life.

[0081] 3) Active A-IoT devices

[0082] In some scenarios, A-IoT devices can also be active A-IoT devices. These terminals can have built-in batteries (conventional batteries such as dry cell batteries or rechargeable lithium batteries). The battery powers the low-power chip circuitry of the A-IoT device, enabling demodulation of the forward link signal and modulation of the backward link signal. However, for the backscatter link, the A-IoT device uses backscattering to transmit signals. Therefore, the zero power consumption of this type of terminal is mainly reflected in the fact that the signal transmission of the backward link does not require the terminal's own power, but instead uses backscattering. Although active A-IoT devices use batteries, their power consumption is extremely low due to ultra-low power communication technology, thus significantly improving battery life compared to existing technologies.

[0083] Active A-IoT devices power the Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) chip via a built-in battery, increasing the tag's read / write distance and improving communication reliability. Therefore, they are used in scenarios with relatively high requirements for communication distance and read latency.

[0084] A-IoT devices include the following types:

[0085] First device type: with a peak power consumption of approximately 1 microwatt (~1 μW), energy storage capability, and an initial sampling frequency offset (SFO) of up to 10. X ppm (parts per million) has neither a downlink amplifier nor an uplink amplifier, and uplink transmission is achieved through backscattering of the carrier wave;

[0086] Second type of device: with peak power consumption of less than or equal to several hundred microwatts (≤ a few hundred μW), energy storage capability, and initial sampling frequency deviation of up to 10. Xppm (parts per million), with downlink amplifiers and / or uplink amplifiers, uplink transmission is performed by backscattering the carrier wave;

[0087] The third device type: has a peak power consumption of less than or equal to several hundred microwatts (μW), has energy storage capabilities, and an initial sampling frequency deviation of up to 10. X ppm (parts per million), with downlink amplifiers and / or uplink amplifiers, the uplink transmission is generated internally, also known as active transmission.

[0088] For different types of A-IoT devices, the corresponding sampling frequency deviation values ​​can be the same or different. For example, for the first device type, X = 5 or 4; for the second device type, X = 4 or 3; and for the third device type, X = 4 or 3.

[0089] As is well known, A-IoT (Artificial Intelligence of Things) services, like other IoT services, will primarily focus on upstream applications. Therefore, based on how A-IoT devices transmit data, they can be categorized into the following types:

[0090] 1) A-IoT devices based on backscattering

[0091] These types of A-IoT devices transmit uplink data using the backscattering method described above. These A-IoT devices do not have active transmitters for active transmission; they only have backscattering transmitters. Therefore, when these A-IoT devices transmit data, they require a carrier wave provided by the network device, and the A-IoT devices perform backscattering based on this carrier wave to achieve data transmission.

[0092] 2) A-IoT devices based on active transmitters

[0093] These types of A-IoT devices use active transmitters with active transmission capabilities for uplink data transmission. Therefore, when sending data, these A-IoT devices can use their own active transmitters to send data without requiring a carrier wave from network equipment. Suitable active transmitters for A-IoT devices include, for example, ultra-low-power ASK or ultra-low-power FSK transmitters. Based on current implementations, the overall power consumption of these A-IoT device transmitters can be reduced to 400–600 µW when transmitting a 100 µW signal.

[0094] 3) A-IoT devices that simultaneously possess backscatter and active transmitter capabilities

[0095] These A-IoT devices can support both backscatter and active transmitters. A-IoT devices can determine which uplink signal transmission method to use based on different conditions (such as battery level and available ambient energy) or the scheduling of network devices: whether to use backscatter or an active transmitter for proactive transmission.

[0096] Low-power IoT based on cellular networks

[0097] Cellular IoT is booming, with 3GPP standardizing IoT technologies such as Narrow Band Internet of Things (NB-IoT), Machine Type Communication (MTC), and Reduced Capability (RedCap). However, many IoT communication needs in various scenarios remain unmet, for example:

[0098] - Harsh communication environment

[0099] Some IoT scenarios may face extreme environments such as high temperatures, extremely low temperatures, high humidity, high pressure, high radiation, or high-speed movement. Examples include ultra-high-voltage substations, high-speed train track monitoring, environmental monitoring in frigid regions, and industrial production lines. In these scenarios, existing IoT terminals will be unable to function due to the limitations of conventional power supplies. Furthermore, extreme working environments are also detrimental to IoT maintenance, such as battery replacement.

[0100] - Minimal size terminal form factor requirements

[0101] In certain IoT communication scenarios, such as food traceability, commodity distribution, and smart wearables, terminals require extremely small sizes for convenient use in these environments. For example, IoT terminals used for commodity management in the distribution process typically use electronic tags, embedded in very small packages. Furthermore, lightweight wearable devices can enhance the user experience while meeting user needs.

[0102] - Extremely low-cost IoT communication needs

[0103] Numerous IoT communication scenarios require IoT terminals to be sufficiently inexpensive to enhance their competitiveness compared to other alternative technologies. For example, in logistics or warehousing scenarios, to facilitate the management of large quantities of goods in circulation, IoT terminals can be attached to each item, enabling precise management of the entire logistics process and lifecycle through communication between the terminal and the logistics network. These scenarios necessitate that IoT terminals be priced competitively.

[0104] With the increasing application of 5G in various industries, the types of connected devices and application scenarios are also increasing, which will place higher demands on the price and power consumption of communication terminals. The application of battery-free, low-cost passive IoT devices has become a key technology for cellular IoT, enriching the types and number of terminals connected by 5G networks and truly realizing the Internet of Everything.

[0105] Based on the discussion of A-IoT application scenarios according to 3GPP System Architecture (SA) 1, A-IoT can be used in at least the following four types of scenarios:

[0106] Object recognition, such as in logistics, production line product management, and supply chain management;

[0107] Environmental monitoring, such as monitoring of temperature, humidity, and harmful gases in the work environment and natural environment;

[0108] Location services, such as indoor positioning, smart item finding, and production line item positioning;

[0109] Intelligent control, such as the intelligent control of various electrical appliances in smart homes (turning on and off air conditioners, adjusting temperature), and the intelligent control of various facilities in agricultural greenhouses (automatic irrigation, fertilization).

[0110] A-IoT devices can include at least the following two types:

[0111] - Category 1 A-IoT devices: ~1uW peak power consumption. This type of A-IoT device has energy storage and an initial sampling frequency offset of 10. X ppm, without uplink or downlink power amplifiers, transmits uplink data by backscattering an external carrier wave.

[0112] - Category 2 A-IoT devices: Peak power consumption less than or equal to several hundred (≤ a few hundred) uW. This type of A-IoT device has energy storage and an initial sampling frequency offset of 10. X The ppm may be equipped with uplink and / or downlink power amplifiers, and can generate uplink transmissions internally within the A-IoT device, i.e., active transmission, or transmit uplink data by backscattering an external carrier.

[0113] A-IoT primarily considers the following two deployment scenarios / topologies:

[0114] - Deployment scenario 1 with Topology 1 (D1T1): Base Station (BS) IoT devices, base stations directly communicate with A-IoT devices through two-way signaling and / or data. The base station sending the data to the A-IoT device and the base station receiving the data may be two different base stations.

[0115] - Deployment scenario 2 with Topology 2 (D2T2): IoT devices and A-IoT devices communicate bidirectionally with an intermediate node, which relays signaling and / or data between the BS and the A-IoT device. The intermediate node can be a UE under network control and can be located indoors.

[0116] Please refer to Figure 6, which shows a schematic diagram of bidirectional communication between an A-IoT device and a base station according to an exemplary embodiment of this application; please refer to Figure 7, which shows a schematic diagram of bidirectional communication between an A-IoT device and an intermediate node according to an exemplary embodiment of this application.

[0117] In low-power IoT based on cellular networks, A-IoT devices can directly transmit and receive carrier waves, data, or signals from the base station, and send or backscatter data or channels to the base station, as shown in Figure 6 (denoted as the first topology). Alternatively, communication between the A-IoT device and the base station can be achieved through an intermediate node. In this case, the intermediate node sends carrier waves, data, or signals to the A-IoT device, and the A-IoT device sends or backscatters data or signals to the intermediate node, as shown in Figure 7 (denoted as the second topology). The intermediate node can be a terminal device, a base station device, or an Integrated Access and Backhaul (IAB) node. The base station in Figure 6 and the intermediate node in Figure 7 can be collectively referred to as a reader.

[0118] As shown in Figure 6 or Figure 7, A-IoT devices can communicate directly with base station devices or through intermediate nodes. In both Figures 6 and 7, A-IoT transmission is based on network device scheduling. In Figure 6, the A-IoT device communicates directly with the base station, so the network device can directly send scheduling information to the A-IoT device. In Figure 7, the A-IoT device communicates with the base station through an intermediate node. The scheduling information sent by the base station is first sent to the intermediate node, and then the intermediate node sends it to the A-IoT device. In other words, the intermediate node forwards data or signals between the A-IoT device and the base station.

[0119] In the two topologies mentioned above, the base station in the first topology and the intermediate UE in the second topology are called readers, and the A-IoT device can be called a device. The transmission from the reader to the device is called reader to device (R2D) transmission, and the transmission from the device to the reader is called device to reader (D2R) transmission.

[0120] A-IoT involves at least two business scenarios: Device-Terminated (DT) and Device-Originated–Device-Terminated Triggered (DO-DTT). The DT scenario primarily refers to A-IoT devices performing specific actions via downlink commands. For example, in a smart home scenario, a command to "turn on the air conditioner" is sent to an A-IoT device, which then performs the corresponding operation. The DO-DTT scenario primarily refers to A-IoT devices reporting information via downlink commands. Typical scenarios include warehouse inventory checks or sensor sensing. For example, triggering information might cause several zero-power tags to report identification (ID) or report sensor data.

[0121] In the above scheme, the reader device sends R2D transmissions to the A-IoT device, and the A-IoT device sends D2R transmissions to the reader device. The reader device includes the base station in D1T1 and the intermediate node in D2T2. The A-IoT device includes Type I A-IoT devices and Type II A-IoT devices. Additionally, for devices performing backscattering, an external carrier (Carrier-Wave, CW) is provided by the reader device or an external node.

[0122] The aforementioned D2R data transmission needs to be carried on PDRCH (Physical Device-to-Reader Channel). In addition, a preamble needs to be sent adjacent to each PDRCH transmission. The preamble is primarily used by the reader to obtain the time synchronization information of the D2R transmission. That is, the reader can determine the start time of the PDRCH transmission by receiving and detecting the preamble. In addition, the preamble may also be used for purposes such as sampling frequency offset estimation, carrier frequency offset (CFO) estimation, channel estimation, and interference estimation.

[0123] The subsequent embodiments of this application provide a scheme for carrying a midamble and / or a postamble in D2R transmission.

[0124] Please refer to Figure 8, which shows a flowchart of a wireless communication method provided in an embodiment of this application. The method is executed by a first device. As shown in Figure 8, the method may include the following steps:

[0125] Step 801: Send a first message or first channel of D2R transmission to the second device; the first message or first channel carries specified information, which is related to the modulation method of the first message or first channel; the specified information is one or more of the intermediate preamble and the post-preamble.

[0126] In some embodiments, the first message or first channel mentioned above is a message sent by the first device through A-IoT communication; the second device receives the first message or first channel through A-IoT communication.

[0127] In some embodiments, the first message or first channel may further include one or more of the preamble information, data information, and control information in D2R.

[0128] In one possible implementation, the first device is an A-IoT device and the second device is a reader device.

[0129] For example, the first device mentioned above is terminal device 130 in the network architecture shown in Figure 1, and the second device is network device 110 or terminal device 120 in the network architecture shown in Figure 1.

[0130] In summary, the technical solution shown in the embodiments of this application associates the case where intermediate preambles and / or post-preambles are carried in the D2R transmission messages in the environmental IoT with the modulation method of the D2R transmission messages. The intermediate preambles and / or post-preambles in the D2R transmission messages can be sent according to the modulation method of the D2R transmission messages, ensuring the flexibility of the transmission of intermediate preambles and / or post-preambles in D2R transmission, thereby improving the transmission efficiency of the environmental IoT.

[0131] Please refer to Figure 9, which shows a flowchart of a wireless communication method provided in an embodiment of this application. The method is executed by a second device. As shown in Figure 9, the method may include the following steps:

[0132] Step 901: Receive the first message or first channel of D2R transmission sent by the first device; if the first message or first channel carries specified information, it is related to the modulation method of the first message or first channel; the specified information is one or more of the intermediate preamble and the post-preamble.

[0133] In some embodiments, the second device receives a first message or a first channel of D2R transmission sent by the first device.

[0134] In summary, the technical solution shown in the embodiments of this application associates the case where intermediate preambles and / or post-preambles are carried in the D2R transmission messages in the environmental IoT with the modulation method of the D2R transmission messages. The intermediate preambles and / or post-preambles in the D2R transmission messages can be sent according to the modulation method of the D2R transmission messages, ensuring the flexibility of the transmission of intermediate preambles and / or post-preambles in D2R transmission, thereby improving the transmission efficiency of the environmental IoT.

[0135] Based on any one or more of the solutions shown in the above embodiments, in some embodiments, the first device is an A-IoT device and the second device is a reader device. The process of the first device sending the first information to the second device is D2R transmission.

[0136] For example, the reader device mentioned above is a network device, such as the base station in Figure 6 above; or the reader device mentioned above is an intermediate node device, such as the intermediate node UE in Figure 7 above.

[0137] This application provides specific device types for the first device and the second device, and limits the application scenario of this solution to environmental Internet of Things communication scenarios.

[0138] Please refer to Figure 10, which shows a schematic diagram of bidirectional communication between an A-IoT device and a reader device according to an embodiment of this application.

[0139] As shown in Figure 10, when the first device is an A-IoT device 1020 and the second device is a network device 1010 (i.e., the reader device is a network device), the A-IoT device 1020 sends a D2R transmission message to the network device 1010.

[0140] As shown in Figure 10, when the first device is an A-IoT device 1020 and the second device is a terminal device 1030 (i.e., the reader device is an intermediate node), the A-IoT device 1020 sends a D2R transmission message to the terminal device 1030, and the terminal device 1030 forwards the D2R transmission message to the network device 1010.

[0141] In the embodiment shown in Figure 10, the D2R transmission message may include an intermediate preamble and / or a post-preamble; or, the D2R transmission message may not include an intermediate preamble and a post-preamble; wherein, the case where the D2R transmission message carries an intermediate preamble and / or a post-preamble is related to the modulation scheme of the D2R transmission message.

[0142] Please refer to Figure 11, which shows a flowchart of a wireless communication method provided in an embodiment of this application. The method is executed interactively by a first device and a second device. The first device is an A-IoT device, and the second device is a reader device. For example, the first device is terminal device 130 in the network architecture shown in Figure 1, and the second device is network device 110 or terminal device 120 in the network architecture shown in Figure 1. As shown in Figure 11, the method may include the following steps:

[0143] Step 1101: The second device sends a second message for R2D transmission to the first device.

[0144] The reader device can send R2D transmission messages (i.e., the second message mentioned above) to the A-IoT device.

[0145] In this embodiment of the application, the second message can be network-side control information, which is used to instruct the first device to perform D2R transmission to the second device.

[0146] Step 1102: The first device sends a first message or a first channel for D2R transmission to the second device according to the second message; the first message or the first channel carries specified information, which is related to the modulation method of the first message or the first channel; the specified information is one or more of the intermediate preamble and the post-preamble.

[0147] In this embodiment of the application, the first message or the first channel of D2R transmission may carry an intermediate preamble and / or a postamble. For example, taking the first message or the first channel carrying an intermediate preamble and a postamble as an example, please refer to Figure 12, which shows a schematic diagram of the structure of a D2R message according to an embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 12, the D2R message includes a preamble 1201, a PDRCH 1202, an intermediate preamble 1203, and a postamble 1204.

[0148] Step 1103: The second device receives the first message or the first channel.

[0149] In some embodiments, when the modulation scheme of the first message or the first channel is on-off keying (OOK) modulation, the first message or the first channel does not carry the specified information; when the modulation scheme of the first message or the first channel is binary phase shift keying (BPSK) modulation, the first message or the first channel carries the specified information.

[0150] In the above embodiments, for the first message or the first channel with OOK modulation, the first message or the first channel may not carry intermediate preamble and / or post-preamble.

[0151] For example, in the case of OOK modulation, the first message or the first channel contains information about the preamble and PDRCH.

[0152] In the above embodiments, for the first message or the first channel with BPSK modulation, the first message or the first channel may carry an intermediate preamble and / or a post-preamble.

[0153] For example, when the modulation method is BPSK modulation, the first message or the first channel may contain a preamble, PDRCH information, and an intermediate preamble; or, the first message or the first channel may contain a preamble, PDRCH information, and a postamble; or, the first message or the first channel may contain a preamble, PDRCH information, an intermediate preamble, and a postamble.

[0154] The scheme shown in the embodiments of this application can associate the modulation method with whether to send intermediate preamble and / or postamble. The modulation method can be used to flexibly determine whether to send intermediate preamble and / or postamble in D2R transmission, thereby improving the transmission efficiency of environmental IoT.

[0155] In some embodiments, when the intermediate preamble and / or postamble are carried in the first message or the first channel, the transmission method of the intermediate preamble and / or postamble can be predefined by the protocol.

[0156] In some embodiments, the second message includes first indication information; the first indication information is used to indicate the situation where the first message or the first channel carries specified information.

[0157] Step 1102 above can be implemented as follows: sending a first message or a first channel to the second device according to the first instruction information.

[0158] In the embodiments of this application, the case where the first message or the first channel carries specified information can be controlled by the network device through control information, thereby ensuring the flexibility of carrying intermediate preambles and / or post-preambles in D2R transmission, thereby improving the transmission efficiency of the Internet of Things in the environment.

[0159] The second message mentioned above can be a message transmitted via PRDCH (Physical Reader-to-Device Channel); optionally, the second message is higher-layer signaling or physical-layer signaling.

[0160] In some embodiments, the first indication information includes one or more of a first information field and a second information field;

[0161] The first information field is used to indicate the modulation scheme of the first message or the first channel;

[0162] The second information field is used to indicate the method of sending the specified information.

[0163] In this embodiment of the application, the first indication information may include a first information field to indicate the modulation method of the first message or the first channel; the first device may determine whether the first message or the first channel carries an intermediate preamble and / or a post-preamble based on the modulation method indicated by the first information field.

[0164] In this embodiment of the application, the first indication information may include a second information field to indicate the transmission method of the specified information; the first device may carry an intermediate preamble and / or a post-preamble in the first message or the first channel according to the transmission method indicated by the second information field.

[0165] In this embodiment of the application, the first indication information may include a first information field and a second information field to indicate the modulation method of the first message or the first channel and the transmission method of the specified information; the first device may determine whether the first message or the first channel carries an intermediate preamble and / or a post-preamble according to the modulation method indicated by the first information field, and if it is determined that the first message or the first channel carries an intermediate preamble and / or a post-preamble, it may carry the intermediate preamble and / or a post-preamble in the first message or the first channel according to the transmission method indicated by the second information field.

[0166] In the scheme shown in the above embodiments of this application, the network side can indicate the modulation method of the first message or the first channel, as well as the transmission method of the intermediate preamble and / or post-preamble in the first message or the first channel, by controlling different information fields in the message. This ensures the flexibility and controllability of carrying the intermediate preamble and / or post-preamble in D2R transmission, thereby improving the transmission efficiency of the Internet of Things in the environment.

[0167] In some embodiments, when the specified information includes an intermediate preamble and a post-preamble, the second information field may include the second information fields corresponding to the intermediate preamble and the post-preamble, respectively. That is, the first indication information may include the second information field corresponding to the intermediate preamble and the second information field corresponding to the post-preamble.

[0168] In some embodiments, the second information field includes at least one of the following: activation / deactivation indication of specified information, quantity of specified information carried in the first message or the first channel, location of specified information in the first message or the first channel, and structure of specified information.

[0169] In the embodiments of this application, the above-mentioned activation / deactivation indication can be used to instruct the first device to carry / stop carrying intermediate preamble and / or post-preamble in subsequently sent D2R transmission messages.

[0170] The intermediate preamble may appear multiple times / repeatedly in the first message or the first channel. Correspondingly, the second information field may contain a value indicating the number of intermediate preambles, and the value indicated by this value may be 1 or an integer greater than 1. The aforementioned post-preamble appears at the end of the first message or the first channel. Correspondingly, the aforementioned second information field may not contain a value indicating the number of post-preambles, or the second information field may contain a value indicating the number of post-preambles, and the value indicated by this value is 1.

[0171] When the specified information includes an intermediate preamble, the position of the specified information in the first message or the first channel may include the relative positional relationship between the intermediate preamble and other information in the first message or the first channel. Alternatively, the position of the specified information in the first message or the first channel may also include the offset of the intermediate preamble relative to the starting position of the first message or the first channel. For example, the position of the specified information in the first message or the first channel may also include the offset of the starting time domain position of the intermediate preamble relative to the starting time domain position of the first message or the first channel.

[0172] When the specified information includes a postcode, the second information field may not include the position of the postcode in the first message or the first channel; or, when the specified information includes a postcode, the position of the specified information in the first message or the first channel may also include the offset of the postcode relative to the starting position of the first message or the first channel. For example, the position of the specified information in the first message or the first channel may also include the offset of the starting time domain position of the postcode relative to the starting time domain position of the first message or the first channel.

[0173] The structure of the specified information may include information such as the sequence type and sequence length.

[0174] In the scheme shown in the above embodiments of this application, the number, position, structure, activation / deactivation and other information of the intermediate preamble and / or post-preamble in the first message or the first channel can be indicated by the second information field, thereby clearly indicating the carrying method of the intermediate preamble and / or post-preamble in the first message or the first channel, and ensuring the controllability of carrying the intermediate preamble and / or post-preamble in D2R transmission.

[0175] In some embodiments, when the specified information is a postcode, the second information field contains a single bit of information, which is an activation / deactivation indication of the postcode.

[0176] Since postcodes typically appear at the end of the first message or the first channel and are usually not repeated, in this embodiment, when the specified information is a postcode, the second information field may contain a single bit to indicate the activation / deactivation of the postcode; for example, when the value of the single bit is 0, the activation of the postcode is indicated, and when the value of the single bit is 1, the deactivation of the postcode is indicated; or, when the value of the single bit is 1, the activation of the postcode is indicated, and when the value of the single bit is 0, the deactivation of the postcode is indicated.

[0177] In this embodiment of the application, the transmission method of the postcode can be indicated by a single bit, which can save the amount of data indicated by the postcode and improve the indication efficiency.

[0178] In some embodiments, when the specified information is a postcode and the modulation scheme indicated by the first information field is BPSK modulation, the position of the postcode carried in the first message or the first channel and at least one of the message structures are preconfigured by the network or predefined by the protocol.

[0179] In this embodiment of the application, when the second information field contains a single bit, other information related to the transmission method of the postcode (such as the position of the postcode and the message structure mentioned above) can be predefined by the protocol, or can be pre-instructed to the first device by the network. For example, the network device can instruct the first device to provide other information related to the transmission method of the postcode when the first device accesses the network. For example, the network device can instruct the first device to provide other information related to the transmission method of the postcode through broadcast messages / broadcast channels / random access messages.

[0180] In this embodiment of the application, when the transmission method of the postcode is indicated by a single bit, other information related to the transmission method of the postcode can be configured / indicated to the first device through network preconfiguration or protocol predefinition, thereby clarifying the carrying method of the postcode in the first message or the first channel and ensuring the controllability of carrying the postcode in D2R transmission.

[0181] In some embodiments, when the modulation scheme indicated by the first information field is OOK modulation, the value of the second information field is a default value or a value predefined by the protocol.

[0182] When the modulation method indicated by the first information field is BPSK modulation, the value of the second information field is used to indicate the transmission method of the specified information.

[0183] In this embodiment, when the modulation method indicated by the first information field is OOK modulation, it is not necessary to send the intermediate preamble and / or postamble. In this case, the value of the second information field can be filled with a default value or a value predefined by the protocol. When the modulation method indicated by the first information field is BPSK modulation, it is necessary to send the intermediate preamble and / or postamble. In this case, the value of the second information field can indicate the transmission method of the intermediate preamble and / or postamble. The same information format can be used to indicate whether the intermediate preamble and / or postamble are sent or not, which simplifies the structure of the control information indicating the transmission method of the intermediate preamble and / or postamble.

[0184] In some embodiments, the second information field is a reserved bit in the second message;

[0185] When the modulation scheme indicated by the first information field is OOK modulation, the value of the reserved bit is filled with 0 or 1;

[0186] When the modulation scheme indicated by the first information field is BPSK modulation, the value of the reserved bit is used to indicate the transmission method of the specified information.

[0187] In the embodiments of this application, the reserved bits in the control information (i.e. the second message mentioned above) can indicate the transmission method of the intermediate preamble and / or the post-preamble, thereby improving the reusability of the control information. For example, other control information can be reused to carry the transmission indication of the intermediate preamble and / or the post-preamble.

[0188] In some embodiments, the message format of the second message is associated with the modulation scheme of the first message or the first channel.

[0189] In the embodiments of this application, control information in different message formats can be used to indicate different modulation schemes of the first message or the first channel, thereby ensuring the flexibility of message format settings for indicating the transmission mode of the intermediate preamble and / or the post-preamble, and ensuring the efficiency of indicating the transmission mode of the intermediate preamble and / or the post-preamble.

[0190] In some embodiments, when the modulation scheme of the first message or the first channel is OOK modulation, the message format of the second message is the first format; the message in the first format does not contain indication information of the transmission method of the specified information;

[0191] When the modulation method of the first message or the first channel is BPSK modulation, the message format of the second message is the second format; the message in the second format contains indication information of the transmission method of the specified information.

[0192] In the embodiments of this application, when the modulation method of the first message or the first channel is OOK modulation, the first message or the first channel does not carry an intermediate preamble and / or a post-preamble. In this case, the message format of the second message may not include an information field (such as the second information field mentioned above) indicating the transmission method of the intermediate preamble and / or the post-preamble, thereby simplifying the structure of the second message, ensuring transmission efficiency, and avoiding resource waste. When the modulation method of the first message or the first channel is BPSK modulation, the first message or the first channel needs to carry an intermediate preamble and / or a post-preamble. In this case, the message format of the second message may include an information field indicating the transmission method of the intermediate preamble and / or the post-preamble, ensuring the accuracy of the indication of the transmission method of the intermediate preamble and / or the post-preamble.

[0193] In some embodiments, the message format of the second message is associated with the scrambling sequence of the first message or the first channel.

[0194] In the embodiments of this application, different message formats of the second message can correspond to different scrambling sequences of the first message or the first channel, thereby further distinguishing different indication formats of the transmission methods of the intermediate preamble and / or the post-preamble through the scrambling sequence, and ensuring the accuracy of the indication of the transmission methods of the intermediate preamble and / or the post-preamble.

[0195] In some embodiments, the scrambling sequence is a Radio Network Temporary Identifier (RNTI).

[0196] Optionally, the above scrambling sequence can also be other sequences besides RNTI.

[0197] To verify the impact of midamble and postamble on the performance of PDRCH transmission, simulation evaluations were conducted in the embodiments of this application. The simulation evaluation metric was the PDRCH transmission reception accuracy (Block Error Rate, BLER). The simulation experimental scheme involved adding midamble and / or postamble to the PDRCH transmission, while the simulation comparison scheme involved adding only preamble to the PDRCH transmission. The simulation configurations included different transmission loads (96 bits / 400 bits) and different modulation schemes (OOK and BPSK). Please refer to Figures 13 to 16, which illustrate the simulation results involved in the embodiments of this application.

[0198] Figures 13 and 14 show the simulation results under the OOK modulation scheme. In Figure 13, the PDRCH transmission payload is 96 bits. The three simulation schemes are ① one preamble (1 preamble), ② one preamble + one midamble (1 preamble + 1 midamble), with the midamble inserted in the middle of the PDRCH transmission, and ③ one preamble + one postamble (1 preamble + 1 postamble), with the postamble located at the end of the PDRCH transmission. From the simulation results, it can be observed that the performance of the three schemes is very similar. Adding the midamble and postamble does not bring significant performance gain to PDRCH reception. In Figure 14, the PDRCH transmission payload is 400 bits. Four simulation schemes are presented: ① one preamble, ② one preamble + three midambles (1 preamble + 3 intermediate preambles), with the three midambles inserted at equal intervals into the PDRCH transmission, ③ one preamble + one postamble, with the postamble located at the end of the PDRCH transmission, and ④ one preamble + two midambles + one postamble (1 preamble + 2 intermediate preambles + 1 postamble). Simulation results show that the performance of these four schemes is very similar. In conclusion, when D2R transmission uses OOK modulation, adding midambles and / or postambles has a relatively small impact on performance.

[0199] Figures 15 and 16 show the simulation results under BPSK modulation. The simulation scheme and configuration are the same as those in the OOK modulation simulation described above. The simulation results show that when D2R transmission uses BPSK modulation, adding a postamble significantly improves performance when the transmission load is 96 bits, and adding both a midamble and a postamble significantly improves performance when the transmission load is 400 bits. This indicates that the gains from the midamble and postamble in channel estimation directly affect the performance of PDRCH reception, and adding the midamble and postamble has a positive effect.

[0200] As can be seen from the simulation results under the two modulation methods, the transmission method of midamble and postamble can be directly related to the D2R modulation method. Therefore, the scheme shown in the embodiments of this application associates whether midamble and / or postamble are transmitted in D2R transmission with the modulation method used in D2R transmission.

[0201] In general, when D2R transmission uses OOK modulation, no midamble or postamble is needed. However, when D2R transmission uses BPSK modulation, midamble and postamble are required accordingly. From an implementation perspective, any D2R transmission needs to be scheduled by the reader. Therefore, both the modulation method and the midamble / postamble transmission are controlled by the reader. The device can only determine its own PDRCH transmission method after receiving the scheduling information from the reader. The specific method is described in the following sections. Midamble and postamble can be decoupled, protecting their transmission methods separately.

[0202] Taking midamble indication and transmission as an example, the R2D transmission sent by the Reader (such as the second device mentioned above) can carry control information (corresponding to the second message mentioned above). The control information is used to schedule the D2R transmission associated with the R2D transmission (corresponding to the first message or the first channel mentioned above). The control information is on the PRDCH channel and can be higher-layer signaling or physical layer information. The control information can include multiple information fields, including a first information field for determining the modulation scheme of the D2R transmission and a second information field for determining the midamble transmission method. The modulation scheme can include OOK modulation and BPSK modulation. The midamble transmission method can include one or more features such as midamble activation / deactivation indication, quantity, position, and structure. The second information field can contain multiple information fields, each of which can be used for one of the above features.

[0203] For example, when the first information field is used to indicate the OOK modulation scheme, the second information field is either omitted or set to a predefined value. When the first information field is used to indicate the BPSK modulation scheme, the specific information content of the second information field can be determined according to the midamble transmission method.

[0204] After receiving the control information, the device (such as the first device mentioned above) can determine the transmission method of the midamble based on the first information field and the second information field.

[0205] Optionally, the control information may include a certain number of reserved bits, which indicate the transmission mode of the midamble. When the first information field is used to indicate the OOK modulation mode, the reserved bits are all filled with bit-0. When the first information field is used to indicate the BPSK modulation mode, the content of the reserved bits is determined according to the transmission mode of the midamble.

[0206] Optionally, the control information can be defined in two formats, similar to multiple downlink control information (DCI) formats. Different control information formats are associated with different modulation schemes, specifically the modulation schemes for D2R transmission. For example, when the D2R transmission associated with the control information uses OOK modulation, the reader uses control information format 1; when the D2R transmission associated with the control information uses BPSK modulation, the reader uses control information format 2. The distinguishing feature of these different control information formats is that format 1 does not contain information related to the midamble transmission method, while format 2 does. Different control information formats can use different RNTI scrambling methods. The device can determine whether to send a midamble and the midamble transmission method based on the received control information.

[0207] The method for sending postamble described above can be the same as the method for sending midamble described above; the same content will not be described again here.

[0208] Optionally, the postamble transmission position is determined to be at the end of the PDRCH transmission, and the number is only 1. The structure may also be uniform for various devices and determined according to the protocol predefined. Therefore, the above postamble related information does not need to be indicated separately. In this case, the above second information field may contain only 1 bit of information, which is used to indicate the activation / deactivation of the postamble.

[0209] Optionally, based on the reasons in Feature 1, whether or not a postamble is sent can be implicitly determined by the modulation scheme information, without the need for explicit indication in the second information field. That is, when the first information field is used to indicate the OOK modulation scheme, the device interprets it as not sending the postamble, and when the first information field is used to indicate the BPSK modulation scheme, the device interprets it as sending the postamble. The structure of the postamble is determined according to the protocol predefined.

[0210] Based on the results of the above simulation experiments, it can be seen that D2R transmission using different modulation methods has different requirements for midamble / postamble. Through the scheme shown in the above embodiments of this application, midamble / postamble can be sent when necessary to improve the performance of data reception, and resource consumption can be saved by not using midamble / postamble.

[0211] Please refer to Figure 17, which shows a block diagram of a wireless communication device according to an embodiment of this application. This wireless communication device has the functions performed by the first device in the methods shown in Figure 8 or Figure 11 above. For example, the wireless communication device is disposed in the first device. As shown in Figure 17, the device may include:

[0212] The transmitting module 1701 is used to transmit a first message or a first channel of D2R transmission to the second device; the first message or the first channel carries specified information, which is associated with the modulation scheme of the first message or the first channel; the specified information is one or more of an intermediate preamble and a post-preamble.

[0213] In some embodiments, the first device is an A-IoT device and the second device is a reader device.

[0214] In some embodiments, when the modulation scheme of the first message or the first channel is OOK modulation, the first message or the first channel does not carry the specified information;

[0215] When the modulation scheme of the first message or the first channel is BPSK modulation, the first message or the first channel carries the specified information.

[0216] In some embodiments, the apparatus further includes:

[0217] The receiving module is configured to receive a second message transmitted via R2D from the second device; the second message contains first indication information; the first indication information is used to indicate the situation where the first message or the first channel carries the specified information;

[0218] The sending module 1701 is used to send the first message or the first channel to the second device according to the first indication information.

[0219] In some embodiments, the first indication information includes one or more of a first information field and a second information field;

[0220] The first information field is used to indicate the modulation scheme of the first message or the first channel;

[0221] The second information field is used to indicate the method of sending the specified information.

[0222] In some embodiments, the second information field includes at least one of the following: activation / deactivation indication of the specified information, the quantity of the specified information carried in the first message or the first channel, the position of the specified information in the first message or the first channel, and the structure of the specified information.

[0223] In some embodiments, when the specified information is a postcode, the second information field contains a single bit of information, which is an activation / deactivation indication of the postcode.

[0224] In some embodiments, when the specified information is a postcode and the modulation scheme indicated by the first information field is BPSK modulation, at least one of the position and structure of the postcode carried by the first message or the first channel is preconfigured by the network or predefined by the protocol.

[0225] In some embodiments, when the modulation scheme indicated by the first information field is OOK modulation, the value of the second information field is a default value or a value predefined by the protocol.

[0226] When the modulation method indicated by the first information field is BPSK modulation, the value of the second information field is used to indicate the transmission method of the specified information.

[0227] In some embodiments, the second information field is a reserved bit in the second message;

[0228] When the modulation scheme indicated by the first information field is OOK modulation, the value of the reserved bit is filled with 0 or 1;

[0229] When the modulation scheme indicated by the first information field is BPSK modulation, the value of the reserved bit is used to indicate the transmission method of the specified information.

[0230] In some embodiments, the message format of the second message is associated with the modulation scheme of the first message or the first channel.

[0231] In some embodiments, when the modulation method of the first message or the first channel is OOK modulation, the message format of the second message is the first format; the message in the first format does not contain indication information of the transmission method of the specified information;

[0232] When the modulation method of the first message or the first channel is BPSK modulation, the message format of the second message is the second format; the message in the second format contains indication information of the transmission method of the specified information.

[0233] In some embodiments, the message format of the second message is associated with the scrambling sequence of the second message.

[0234] In some embodiments, the scrambling sequence is a Radio Network Temporary Identifier (RNTI).

[0235] Please refer to Figure 18, which shows a block diagram of a wireless communication device according to an embodiment of this application. This wireless communication device has the function of implementing the method shown in Figure 9 or Figure 11 above, which is performed by a second device. This wireless communication device can be disposed in a second device. As shown in Figure 18, the device may include:

[0236] The receiving module 1801 is used to receive a first message or a first channel transmitted by the first device in D2R; if the first message or the first channel carries specified information, it is associated with the modulation scheme of the first message or the first channel; the specified information is one or more of an intermediate preamble and a post-preamble.

[0237] In some embodiments, the first device is an A-IoT device and the second device is a reader device.

[0238] In some embodiments, when the modulation scheme of the first message or the first channel is OOK modulation, the first message or the first channel does not carry the specified information;

[0239] When the modulation scheme of the first message or the first channel is BPSK modulation, the first message or the first channel carries the specified information.

[0240] In some embodiments, the apparatus further includes:

[0241] The sending module is used to send a second message of R2D transmission to the first device; the second message contains first indication information; the first indication information is used to indicate the situation where the first message or the first channel carries the specified information.

[0242] In some embodiments, the first indication information includes one or more of a first information field and a second information field;

[0243] The first information field is used to indicate the modulation scheme of the first message or the first channel;

[0244] The second information field is used to indicate the method of sending the specified information.

[0245] In some embodiments, the second information field includes at least one of the following: activation / deactivation indication of the specified information, the quantity of the specified information carried in the first message or the first channel, the position of the specified information in the first message or the first channel, and the structure of the specified information.

[0246] In some embodiments, when the specified information is a postcode, the second information field contains a single bit of information, which is an activation / deactivation indication of the postcode.

[0247] In some embodiments, when the specified information is a postcode and the modulation scheme indicated by the first information field is BPSK modulation, at least one of the position and structure of the postcode carried by the first message or the first channel is preconfigured by the network or predefined by the protocol.

[0248] In some embodiments, when the modulation scheme indicated by the first information field is OOK modulation, the value of the second information field is a default value or a value predefined by the protocol.

[0249] When the modulation method indicated by the first information field is BPSK modulation, the value of the second information field is used to indicate the transmission method of the specified information.

[0250] In some embodiments, the second information field is a reserved bit in the second message;

[0251] When the modulation scheme indicated by the first information field is OOK modulation, the value of the reserved bit is filled with 0 or 1;

[0252] When the modulation scheme indicated by the first information field is BPSK modulation, the value of the reserved bit is used to indicate the transmission method of the specified information.

[0253] In some embodiments, the message format of the second message is associated with the modulation scheme of the first message or the first channel.

[0254] In some embodiments, when the modulation method of the first message or the first channel is OOK modulation, the message format of the second message is the first format; the message in the first format does not contain indication information of the transmission method of the specified information;

[0255] When the modulation method of the first message or the first channel is BPSK modulation, the message format of the second message is the second format; the message in the second format contains indication information of the transmission method of the specified information.

[0256] In some embodiments, the message format of the second message is associated with the scrambling sequence of the second message.

[0257] In some embodiments, the scrambling sequence is a Radio Network Temporary Identifier (RNTI).

[0258] It should be noted that the device provided in the above embodiments is only illustrated by the division of the above functional modules when implementing its functions. In actual applications, the above functions can be assigned to different functional modules according to actual needs, that is, the content structure of the device can be divided into different functional modules to complete all or part of the functions described above.

[0259] Regarding the apparatus in the above embodiments, the specific manner in which each module performs its operation has been described in detail in the embodiments related to the method, and will not be elaborated upon here.

[0260] Please refer to Figure 19, which shows a schematic diagram of the structure of a communication device 1900 provided in one embodiment of this application. The communication device 1900 may include: a processor 1901, a receiver 1902, a transmitter 1903, a memory 1904, and a bus 1905.

[0261] The processor 1901 includes one or more processing cores, and the processor 1901 executes various functional applications and information processing by running software programs and modules.

[0262] The receiver 1902 and transmitter 1903 can be implemented as a communication component, which can be a communication chip. This communication chip can also be called a transceiver. The memory 1904 is connected to the processor 1901 via a bus 1905. The memory 1904 can be used to store computer programs, and the processor 1901 uses these computer programs to execute the various steps in the above method embodiments.

[0263] Furthermore, the memory 1904 can be implemented by any type of volatile or non-volatile storage device or a combination thereof, including but not limited to: magnetic disks or optical disks, electrically erasable programmable read-only memory, erasable programmable read-only memory, static on-demand memory, read-only memory, magnetic memory, flash memory, and programmable read-only memory.

[0264] In one exemplary embodiment, when the communication device 1900 is implemented as the aforementioned terminal device, the receiver 1902 and the processor 1901 execute a computer program to cause the communication device to implement the various steps performed by the first device in the method shown in either FIG8 or FIG11. In this case, the receiver 1902 can correspondingly implement the methods and steps implemented by the transmitting module 1701 in FIG17.

[0265] In one exemplary embodiment, when the communication device 1900 is implemented as the aforementioned network device, the transmitter 1903 and the processor 1901 execute a computer program to cause the communication device to implement the various steps performed by the second device in the method shown in either FIG9 or FIG11. In this case, the transmitter 1903 can correspondingly implement the methods and steps implemented by the receiving module 1801 in FIG18.

[0266] This application also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, which is loaded and executed by a processor to implement all or part of the steps performed by a terminal device or network device in the methods shown in FIG8, FIG9 or FIG11.

[0267] This application also provides a chip for operation in a communication device to enable the communication device to perform all or part of the steps performed by the first device or the second device in the methods shown in FIG8, FIG9 or FIG11.

[0268] This application also provides a computer program product, which includes computer instructions stored in a computer-readable storage medium. A processor of a communication device reads the computer instructions from the computer-readable storage medium and executes the computer instructions, causing the communication device to perform all or part of the steps performed by the first or second device in the methods shown in Figures 8, 9, or 11.

[0269] This application also provides a computer program executed by a processor of a communication device to implement all or part of the steps performed by the first device or the second device in the methods shown in FIG8, FIG9 or FIG11 above.

[0270] Those skilled in the art will recognize that the functions described in the embodiments of this application in one or more of the above examples can be implemented using hardware, software, firmware, or any combination thereof. When implemented using software, these functions can be stored in a computer-readable medium or transmitted as one or more instructions or code on a computer-readable medium. Computer-readable media include computer storage media and communication media, wherein communication media include any medium that facilitates the transfer of a computer program from one place to another. Storage media can be any available medium that can be accessed by a general-purpose or special-purpose computer.

[0271] The above are merely exemplary embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit this application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A method of wireless communication, the method comprising: The method is performed by a first device, and the method includes: Send a first message or a first channel for D2R transmission to a second device; if the first message or the first channel carries specified information, it is associated with the modulation scheme of the first message or the first channel; the specified information is one or more of an intermediate preamble and a post-preamble.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein, The first device is an A-IoT device, and the second device is a reader device.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, When the modulation scheme of the first message or the first channel is OOK modulation, the first message or the first channel does not carry the specified information; When the modulation scheme of the first message or the first channel is BPSK modulation, the first message or the first channel carries the specified information.

4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The method further includes: The device receives a second message from the R2D transmission sent by the second device; the second message contains first indication information; the first indication information is used to indicate the situation where the first message or the first channel carries the specified information. The sending of the first message or first channel for D2R transmission to the second device includes: Based on the first instruction information, send the first message or the first channel to the second device.

5. The method of claim 4, wherein, The first indication information includes one or more of the first information field and the second information field; The first information field is used to indicate the modulation scheme of the first message or the first channel; The second information field is used to indicate the method of sending the specified information.

6. The method of claim 5, wherein, The second information field contains at least one of the following: activation / deactivation indication of the specified information, the quantity of the specified information carried in the first message or the first channel, the position of the specified information in the first message or the first channel, and the structure of the specified information.

7. The method of claim 6, wherein, When the specified information is a postcode, the second information field contains a single bit of information, which is an activation / deactivation indication of the postcode.

8. The method of claim 7, wherein, When the specified information is a postcode and the modulation scheme indicated by the first information field is BPSK modulation, at least one of the position and structure of the postcode carried by the first message or the first channel is pre-configured by the network or pre-defined by the protocol.

9. The method according to any one of claims 5 to 8, characterized in that, When the modulation method indicated by the first information field is OOK modulation, the value of the second information field is a default value or a value predefined by the protocol. When the modulation method indicated by the first information field is BPSK modulation, the value of the second information field is used to indicate the transmission method of the specified information.

10. The method of claim 9, wherein, The second information field is the reserved bit in the second message; When the modulation scheme indicated by the first information field is OOK modulation, the value of the reserved bit is filled with 0 or 1; When the modulation scheme indicated by the first information field is BPSK modulation, the value of the reserved bit is used to indicate the transmission method of the specified information.

11. The method according to any one of claims 4 to 10, characterized in that, The message format of the second message is associated with the modulation scheme of the first message or the first channel.

12. The method according to claim 11, characterized in that, When the modulation method of the first message or the first channel is OOK modulation, the message format of the second message is the first format; the message in the first format does not contain indication information of the transmission method of the specified information; When the modulation method of the first message or the first channel is BPSK modulation, the message format of the second message is the second format; the message in the second format contains indication information of the transmission method of the specified information.

13. The method of claim 12, wherein, The message format of the second message is associated with the scrambling sequence of the second message.

14. The method of claim 13, wherein, The scrambling sequence is a Radio Network Temporary Identifier (RNTI).

15. A method of wireless communication, the method comprising: The method is performed by a second device, and the method includes: Receive a first message or first channel transmitted via D2R from a first device; if the first message or first channel carries specified information, it is associated with the modulation scheme of the first message or first channel; the specified information is one or more of an intermediate preamble and a post-preamble.

16. The method of claim 15, wherein, The first device is an A-IoT device, and the second device is a reader device.

17. The method according to claim 15 or 16, characterized in that, When the modulation scheme of the first message or the first channel is OOK modulation, the first message or the first channel does not carry the specified information; When the modulation scheme of the first message or the first channel is BPSK modulation, the first message or the first channel carries the specified information.

18. The method of any one of claims 15 to 17, wherein, The method further includes: Send a second message for R2D transmission to the first device; the second message contains first indication information; the first indication information is used to indicate the situation where the first message or the first channel carries the specified information.

19. The method of claim 18, wherein, The first indication information includes one or more of the first information field and the second information field; The first information field is used to indicate the modulation scheme of the first message or the first channel; The second information field is used to indicate the method of sending the specified information.

20. The method of claim 19, wherein, The second information field contains at least one of the following: activation / deactivation indication of the specified information, the quantity of the specified information carried in the first message or the first channel, the position of the specified information in the first message or the first channel, and the structure of the specified information.

21. The method of claim 20, wherein, When the specified information is a postcode, the second information field contains a single bit of information, which is an activation / deactivation indication of the postcode.

22. The method of claim 21, wherein, When the specified information is a postcode and the modulation scheme indicated by the first information field is BPSK modulation, at least one of the position and structure of the postcode carried by the first message or the first channel is pre-configured by the network or pre-defined by the protocol.

23. The method according to any one of claims 19 to 22, characterized in that, When the modulation method indicated by the first information field is OOK modulation, the value of the second information field is a default value or a value predefined by the protocol. When the modulation method indicated by the first information field is BPSK modulation, the value of the second information field is used to indicate the transmission method of the specified information.

24. The method of claim 23, wherein, The second information field is the reserved bit in the second message; When the modulation scheme indicated by the first information field is OOK modulation, the value of the reserved bit is filled with 0 or 1; When the modulation scheme indicated by the first information field is BPSK modulation, the value of the reserved bit is used to indicate the transmission method of the specified information.

25. The method of any one of claims 18 to 24, wherein, The message format of the second message is associated with the modulation scheme of the first message or the first channel.

26. The method according to claim 25, characterized in that, When the modulation method of the first message or the first channel is OOK modulation, the message format of the second message is the first format; the message in the first format does not contain indication information of the transmission method of the specified information; When the modulation method of the first message or the first channel is BPSK modulation, the message format of the second message is the second format; the message in the second format contains indication information of the transmission method of the specified information.

27. The method of claim 26, wherein, The message format of the second message is associated with the scrambling sequence of the second message.

28. The method of claim 27, wherein, The scrambling sequence is a Radio Network Temporary Identifier (RNTI).

29. A wireless communication device, comprising: The device is disposed in the first equipment, and the device includes: The transmitting module is used to transmit a first message or a first channel of D2R transmission to the second device; the first message or the first channel carries specified information, which is associated with the modulation scheme of the first message or the first channel; the specified information is one or more of an intermediate preamble and a post-preamble.

30. A wireless communication apparatus, characterized by: The device is disposed in the second equipment, and the device includes: The receiving module is used to receive a first message or a first channel transmitted by a first device in D2R; if the first message or the first channel carries specified information, it is associated with the modulation scheme of the first message or the first channel; the specified information is one or more of an intermediate preamble and a post-preamble.

31. A first device, comprising: The first device includes a processor, a memory, and a transceiver; The memory stores a computer program, and the processor executes the computer program to enable the terminal device to implement the wireless communication method as described in any one of claims 1 to 14.

32. A second device, comprising: The second device includes a processor, a memory, and a transceiver; The memory stores a computer program, which the processor executes to enable the network device to implement the wireless communication method as described in any one of claims 15 to 28.

33. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The storage medium stores a computer program that is executed by the processor of the communication device to enable the communication device to implement the wireless communication method as described in any one of claims 1 to 28.

34. A chip, characterized by The chip includes programmable logic circuitry and / or program instructions, and is configured to operate in a communication device to cause the communication device to perform the wireless communication method as described in any one of claims 1 to 28.

35. A computer program product, characterised in that, The computer program product includes computer instructions stored in a computer-readable storage medium; a processor of a communication device reads the computer instructions from the computer-readable storage medium and executes the computer instructions, so that the communication device performs the wireless communication method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 28.

36. A computer program, characterized in that, The computer program is executed by a processor of a communication device, so that the communication device implements the wireless communication method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 28.

Images