Main board assembly and electronic device

Abstract

Provided in the embodiments of the present application are a main board assembly and an electronic device, aiming to solve the problem of an antenna having relatively low efficiency. In the electronic device, a middle frame is at least partially arranged between a battery and a first radiator, a window is provided on the middle frame, and the first radiator covers at least part of the window. Clearance is provided for a first antenna by means of the window provided, or part of the thickness of the middle frame provides clearance for the first antenna, thereby improving the gain of the first antenna.

Description

Motherboard components and electronic devices

[0001] This application claims priority to Chinese patent application filed on November 18, 2024, with application number 202411664833.8 and entitled "Motherboard Assembly and Electronic Device", the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0002] This application relates to the field of communication technology, specifically to a motherboard component and an electronic device. Background Technology

[0003] Electronic devices (such as mobile phones and tablets) generally have antennas, which are located inside the electronic device. The radiator of the antenna is spaced apart from the grounding structure (such as the battery or the frame) in the electronic device. However, the thickness of electronic devices is limited, and the distance between the radiator and the grounding structure is small, resulting in low antenna efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a motherboard assembly and electronic device that can improve antenna efficiency.

[0005] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide an electronic device, including: a battery, a mid-frame, a housing, and a first antenna. The battery, mid-frame, and first antenna are disposed within the housing. At least a portion of the mid-frame is disposed between the battery and a first radiator of the first antenna. The mid-frame has a through-hole, and the first radiator covers at least a portion of the through-hole. The first radiator is located between the through-hole and an insulating portion of the housing.

[0006] With the above configuration, the middle frame is at least partially positioned between the battery and the first radiator. The middle frame has a window, and the first radiator covers at least part of the window. The window provides clearance for the first antenna, or in other words, a portion of the thickness of the middle frame provides clearance for the first antenna, thereby improving the gain of the first antenna.

[0007] In some embodiments that may include the above embodiments, the electronic device further includes a motherboard, the mid-frame includes a first surface and a second surface disposed opposite to each other, a first groove is provided on the first surface, the motherboard is disposed in the first groove, a second groove is provided on the second surface, a battery is disposed in the second groove, the projections of the first groove and the second groove on the mid-frame are spaced apart, the motherboard has a feed source, and the feed source is coupled to a first radiator.

[0008] With this configuration, the motherboard is positioned within the first recess of the mid-frame, and the battery is positioned within the second recess of the mid-frame. The first radiator, coupled to the feed source of the motherboard, at least partially covers the opening on the mid-frame. The thickness of the mid-frame provides clearance for the antenna, eliminating the need to raise the antenna radiator inside the casing to obtain clearance, thus reducing the thickness of the electronic device. In some embodiments that may include the above-described embodiments, part of the first radiator is located on the side of the motherboard away from the mid-frame, and a feed component is provided on the motherboard, with the feed source coupled to the first radiator through the feed component. This configuration eliminates the need for a complex feed structure to feed the first radiator. For example, the feed component may include structures such as springs or capacitors to couple power to the first radiator. In an implementation where an antenna bracket is provided on the motherboard, the antenna bracket is an insulating bracket that can fix the first radiator to the motherboard. Correspondingly, the feed component may include a conductive body (such as a conductive line or conductive plate) provided on the antenna bracket to couple power to the first radiator.

[0009] In some embodiments that may include the above-described embodiments, the first radiator extends along the surface of the motherboard, with a portion of the first radiator extending beyond the motherboard to cover the opening on the mid-frame. It is understood that when the motherboard assembly is not mounted on the mid-frame, the first radiator may have a certain angle with the motherboard, or be approximately parallel to the motherboard; after the motherboard assembly is mounted on the mid-frame, the first radiator is approximately parallel to the motherboard to cover the opening. The partial extension of the first radiator beyond the motherboard can be understood as the projection of a portion of the first radiator onto the display panel extending beyond the projection of the motherboard onto the display panel.

[0010] In some embodiments that may include the above-described examples, the window is filled with a dielectric layer. This arrangement allows the dielectric layer to support the first radiator corresponding to the window, thereby preventing deformation of the first radiator. In one embodiment, the dielectric constant within the window can also be adjusted via the dielectric layer, thereby regulating the performance of the first antenna.

[0011] In some embodiments that may include the above-described embodiments, a slit is provided on the first radiator, and the slit cuts off the first radiator along its width. This arrangement allows adjustment of the electrical length of the first radiator via the slit, thereby adjusting the communication frequency band covered by the first antenna; or, within the same communication frequency band, increasing the radiating aperture of the first antenna, thereby improving the radiation efficiency of the first antenna.

[0012] In some embodiments that may include the above-described examples, there are multiple slits, which are spaced apart along the length of the first radiator. This arrangement allows for further adjustment of the electrical length of the first radiator; with the same electrical length, a larger number of slits can increase the aperture of the first antenna and improve its radiation efficiency. Furthermore, strategically placing the slits can avoid interfering with the setup and operation of other structures within the electronic device, thus increasing the freedom of antenna design.

[0013] In some embodiments that may include the above-described embodiments, the middle frame further includes connecting ribs disposed within the window openings. The window openings reduce the structural strength of the middle frame; providing connecting ribs can improve the structural strength of the middle frame, thereby preventing deformation. It is understood that the connecting ribs disposed within the window openings can divide the window openings into a first window and a second window, and the first and second windows can be arranged approximately along the length of the first radiating element.

[0014] In some embodiments that may include the above embodiments, both ends of the radiator are open along the length direction, and the distance between the connecting rib and the midpoint of the radiator along the length direction is less than or equal to one-quarter of the length dimension of the radiator.

[0015] This arrangement allows the connecting rib to correspond to the middle of the first radiator, where the current is generally higher. Therefore, placing the connecting rib here can reduce its impact on the first radiator, thereby ensuring that the first antenna has high efficiency.

[0016] In some embodiments that may include the above-described embodiments, the electronic device further includes a frame surrounding the outer periphery of the mid-frame; the frame includes adjacent first and second frames, the first and second frames being perpendicularly arranged, and the length of the first frame being less than the length of the second frame; the motherboard and battery are arranged along the length direction of the second frame. Since the first radiator is located at the junction of the motherboard and battery, it can be positioned in the middle region along the length direction of the electronic device (parallel to the second frame). With this arrangement, in a horizontally positioned scenario, the user's hand is less likely to obstruct the first radiator, thus avoiding impact on the performance of the first antenna (such as the gain of the first antenna).

[0017] Understandably, landscape orientation is suitable for scenarios where users play games or watch videos on their phones. In landscape orientation, the second bezel is roughly parallel to the horizontal plane, and users typically hold the first bezel and the area near it, that is, the two ends along the length of the electronic device. The first radiator is located at the junction of the motherboard and the battery, which avoids obstruction of the first radiator in landscape orientation.

[0018] In some embodiments that may include the above-described embodiments, the electronic device further includes a small board disposed within the accommodating space and on the mid-frame. The motherboard, battery, and small board are arranged along the length of the second frame, with the battery located between the motherboard and the small board. With this arrangement, the first radiator can still be located in the middle region along the length of the electronic device. In a horizontally positioned scenario, the user's hand is less likely to obstruct the first radiator, thus avoiding impact on the performance of the first antenna.

[0019] In portrait mode usage scenarios (such as making and receiving calls, browsing web pages, sending and receiving video calls, etc.), the second bezel is roughly perpendicular to the horizontal plane, the first bezel can be located at the top of the electronic device, and the motherboard can be positioned close to the first bezel, that is, the motherboard is located at the top of the electronic device, the small board is located at the bottom of the electronic device, and the first radiator is located at the junction of the motherboard and the battery, so that the first radiator is located in the upper half of the electronic device. In portrait mode usage scenarios, the user's hand is generally held in the lower half of the electronic device, and the user's hand will not be held outside the first radiator, thus avoiding the user's hand from affecting the performance of the first antenna.

[0020] In some embodiments that may include the above embodiments, the small board may include a printed circuit board, and the small board may be provided with devices such as speakers and microphones. The small board is electrically connected to the motherboard to work under the control of the processor.

[0021] In some embodiments that may include the above-described embodiments, the small board and the main board may be located on the same side of the middle frame. Correspondingly, a third groove is also provided on the first surface of the middle frame, and the small board is disposed in the third groove, which facilitates the installation and maintenance of the main board and the small board. Of course, the small board may also be located on the same side of the middle frame as the battery. Correspondingly, the third groove may be provided on the second surface of the main board, and the small board is disposed in the third groove.

[0022] In some embodiments that may include the above-described embodiments, the electronic device further includes a second antenna and a switching device. A second radiator of the second antenna is disposed on the first frame. The switching device is coupled to both the first and second radiators. The switching device is used to switch the operating states of the first antenna and / or the second antenna. For example, the switching device can cause the first antenna to be in an active state and the second antenna to be in a de-energized state (not active), in which case the first antenna is used to transmit and receive signals. Alternatively, the switching device can cause the first antenna to be in a de-energized state and the second antenna to be in an active state, in which case the second antenna is used to transmit and receive signals.

[0023] For example, the communication frequency bands of the first antenna and the second antenna may be at least partially the same, and they may transmit and receive the same signals; for example, the first antenna and the second antenna may both be used to transmit and receive cellular signals or WIFI signals. The embodiments of this application do not limit the signals transmitted and received by the first antenna and the second antenna.

[0024] With the above settings, a switch can be used to select the better-performing transmit / receive signal from the first and second antennas to ensure communication quality for the electronic device. Understandably, in landscape mode, the user's hand may block the second radiator, affecting its signal transmission and reception, as the user holds the device near the first bezel. In this case, the switch can be used to keep the first antenna active and the second antenna powered off, ensuring good communication quality through the first radiator. In portrait mode, the first bezel typically faces the ceiling. In this case, the switch can be used to keep the first radiator powered off and the second radiator active, ensuring good communication quality through the second radiator. In short, good communication quality can be guaranteed for the electronic device in all application scenarios.

[0025] In some embodiments that may include the above-described embodiments, the electronic device further includes a second antenna, a second radiator of which is disposed on a second frame, and the first antenna and the second antenna share the same communication frequency band. The first antenna and the second antenna can transmit and receive signals independently to form a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) system, thereby improving communication performance.

[0026] In some embodiments that may include the above embodiments, the minimum distance between the first radiator and the second radiator is less than or equal to 10 mm to ensure the compactness of the structure.

[0027] In some embodiments that may include the above embodiments, a partial middle frame is provided between the first radiator and the second radiator, and the middle frame is generally grounded. This partial middle frame can improve the isolation between the first radiator and the second radiator to ensure the antenna radiation efficiency of the first antenna and the second antenna respectively.

[0028] In some embodiments that may include the above-described embodiments, the first radiator is used to generate a first resonance and a second resonance, wherein the resonant frequency of the first resonance is lower than the resonant frequency of the second resonance. This configuration, where the first radiator generates two resonances, can increase the bandwidth of the first antenna, thereby improving its performance. For example, the first and second resonances may cover the same communication frequency band; or the first and second resonances may cover different communication frequency bands, and this application does not impose any limitations on this.

[0029] In some embodiments that may include the above-described examples, under the first resonance, the current on the first radiator is in the same direction. Consequently, the system efficiency and radiation efficiency of the first antenna are both high, and the radiation pattern mainly radiates from the back cover away from the display panel, roughly forming a hemispherical shape. Under the second resonance, the current on the first radiators on both sides of the gap is in the opposite direction. At this time, the first antenna still has a certain system efficiency and radiation efficiency, and the radiation pattern on the side of the back cover away from the display panel is lobed (the main lobe and side lobes of the radiation pattern are spaced apart along the length of the electronic device) radiating away from the display panel. It can be seen that both the first and second resonances can meet communication requirements, giving the first antenna a large bandwidth.

[0030] In some embodiments that may include the above embodiments, the first radiator includes a first sub-radiator and a second sub-radiator, both of which cover a portion of the window. The first and second sub-radiators are spaced apart in a direction parallel to the middle frame. A first feed point is provided on the first sub-radiator, which is used to couple and feed power to the second sub-radiator.

[0031] This configuration increases the area of ​​the first radiator, thereby enabling the formation of more resonant modes (such as a third resonance, the resonant frequency of which can be greater than that of the second resonance; or the resonant frequency of the third resonance can be less than that of the first resonance), further increasing the bandwidth of the first antenna.

[0032] In some embodiments that may include the above embodiments, the first radiator includes a first sub-radiator and a second sub-radiator, both of which cover a portion of the window. The first and second sub-radiators are spaced apart in a direction parallel to the middle frame. A first feed point is provided on the first sub-radiator, and a second feed point is provided on the second sub-radiator. The first sub-radiator is used to generate a first resonance, and the second sub-radiator is used to generate a second resonance. The resonant frequency of the first resonance is offset from the resonant frequency of the second resonance.

[0033] With this setup, different resonances can be formed through different feed points, thereby increasing the bandwidth of the first antenna or covering different communication frequency bands.

[0034] In some embodiments that may include the above-described embodiments, the housing includes a display panel and a back cover, which are disposed on both sides of the middle frame. The motherboard and the first radiator are both located between the middle frame and the back cover, and the battery is located between the middle frame and the display panel. This configuration allows for the removal and repair of the motherboard by disassembling the back cover, facilitating motherboard disassembly and repair.

[0035] In some embodiments that may include the above-described embodiments, the housing includes a display panel and a back cover, which are disposed on both sides of the middle frame. The first radiator is located between the middle frame and the back cover, and the battery and motherboard are both located between the middle frame and the display panel. This configuration allows for the removal and repair of the battery and motherboard by disassembling the back cover, facilitating their installation, removal, and repair.

[0036] In some embodiments that may include the above-described embodiments, the housing includes a display panel and a back cover, both of which are disposed within the middle frame. The first radiator is located between the display panel and the middle frame, and the battery is located between the middle frame and the back cover. This configuration allows for easy removal and maintenance of the battery by disassembling the back cover.

[0037] Secondly, embodiments of this application also provide a motherboard assembly, including: a motherboard and a first antenna, a power feeding component is disposed on the motherboard, one end of a first radiator of the first antenna is coupled to the power feeding component, the power feeding component is used to couple power to the first radiator; the first radiator extends along the surface of the motherboard, and a portion of the first radiator extends outside the motherboard.

[0038] This configuration reduces interference from components on the motherboard to the first radiator, thus improving communication quality.

[0039] In some embodiments that may include the above embodiments, a portion of the first radiator extending outside the motherboard is used to cover the window on the frame of the electronic device.

[0040] With the above configuration, the middle frame is positioned between the battery and the first radiator, and a window is provided on the middle frame. The first radiator covers at least part of the window, and the window provides clearance for the first antenna, or in other words, part of the thickness of the middle frame provides clearance for the first antenna, thereby improving the gain of the first antenna.

[0041] In some embodiments that may include the above-described embodiments, a slit is provided on the first radiator, and the slit cuts off the first radiator along its width. This arrangement allows adjustment of the electrical length of the first radiator via the slit, thereby adjusting the communication frequency band covered by the first antenna; or, within the same communication frequency band, increasing the radiating aperture of the first antenna, thereby improving the radiation efficiency of the first antenna.

[0042] In some embodiments that may include the above-described examples, there are multiple slits, which are spaced apart along the length of the first radiator. This arrangement allows for further adjustment of the electrical length of the first radiator; with the same electrical length, setting more slits reduces the length of the first radiator, facilitating miniaturization. Simultaneously, setting multiple slits increases the aperture of the first antenna, improving its radiation efficiency. Furthermore, strategically positioning the slits avoids interference with other structures within the electronic device, preventing the first radiator from affecting the setup and operation of other structures.

[0043] In some embodiments that may include the above-described embodiments, the motherboard assembly further includes a flexible substrate, on which the first radiator is disposed, and one end of the flexible substrate is connected to the motherboard. This arrangement allows the flexible substrate to support the first radiator. It is understood that the first radiator has a relatively small thickness, and the flexible substrate can support it, preventing damage or deformation to the first radiator during the installation and movement of the motherboard assembly. Attached Figure Description

[0044] Figure 1 is an exploded view of the electronic device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0045] Figure 2 is an exploded view of the motherboard assembly and the middle frame in the electronic device provided in the embodiment of this application;

[0046] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the motherboard assembly provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0047] Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of the electronic device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0048] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the vertical screen usage scenario of the electronic device provided in the embodiment of this application;

[0049] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the first radiator in the electronic device provided in the embodiment of this application;

[0050] Figure 7 is a second cross-sectional view of the electronic device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0051] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the electronic device in a horizontally positioned scenario provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0052] Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the electronic device with a dielectric layer provided in the embodiment of this application;

[0053] Figure 10 is the return loss curve of the first antenna shown in Figure 9.

[0054] Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first radiator with multiple slits in the electronic device provided in the embodiment of this application;

[0055] Figure 12 is the return loss curve of the first antenna shown in Figure 11.

[0056] Figure 13 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the electronic device with connecting ribs provided in the embodiment of this application;

[0057] Figure 14 is a graph of the pullback loss curve of the first antenna shown in Figure 13.

[0058] Figure 15 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device with a second radiator provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0059] Figure 16 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device with a second radiator provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0060] Figure 17 shows the S-curves of the first and second antennas shown in Figure 16.

[0061] Figure 18 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first radiator in the electronic device provided in the embodiment of this application;

[0062] Figure 19 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first radiator in the electronic device provided in the embodiment of this application.

[0063] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 10: Middle frame; 11: Window; 12: First groove; 13: Second groove; 14: Third groove; 15: Dielectric layer; 16: Connecting rib; 17: Positioning post; 20: Mainboard assembly; 21: Mainboard; 22: First radiator; 23: Slit; 24: Switching device; 25: Antenna bracket; 30: Battery; 40: Display panel; 50: Back cover; 60: Small board; 100: Electronic device; 101: Mainboard assembly; 102: First surface; 103: Second surface; 110: Frame; 111: First frame; 112: Second frame; 113: Second radiator; 221: First sub-radiator; 222: Second sub-radiator. Detailed Implementation

[0064] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments.

[0065] Hereinafter, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined with "first," "second," etc., may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature.

[0066] Furthermore, in the embodiments of this application, directional terms such as "up," "down," "left," "right," "horizontal," and "vertical" are defined relative to the orientation of the components shown in the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that these directional terms are relative concepts, used for relative description and clarification, and can change accordingly depending on the orientation of the components in the accompanying drawings.

[0067] The following explains the terminology that may appear in the embodiments of this application.

[0068] Connection / Link: should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connection" can be a fixed connection, an electrical connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium.

[0069] Coupling can be understood as direct coupling and / or indirect coupling. "Coupled connection" can be understood as a direct coupling connection and / or indirect coupling connection. Direct coupling can also be called "electrical connection," which can be understood as physical contact and electrical conduction between components; it can also be understood as the form of connection between different components in a circuit structure through physical lines that can transmit electrical signals, such as copper foil or wires on a printed circuit board (PCB). "Indirect coupling" can be understood as electrical conduction between two conductors through a gap / non-contact method. In one embodiment, indirect coupling can also be called capacitive coupling, for example, signal transmission is achieved by forming an equivalent capacitance through coupling between the gaps between two conductive components.

[0070] Relative / Relative Setting: A and B relative setting can refer to A and B being face-to-face. For example, when two radiators are set relative to each other, the two radiators overlap in at least a portion of their area along a certain direction. In one embodiment, the two relatively set radiators are adjacent to each other and there are no other radiators or conductors other than antenna structures between them.

[0071] Lumped element / device: This refers to all components whose size is much smaller than the wavelength relative to the circuit's operating frequency. For signals, the characteristics of the components remain constant at all times, regardless of frequency.

[0072] Distributed elements / devices: Unlike lumped elements, if the size of an element is similar to or larger than the wavelength of the circuit's operating frequency, then when a signal passes through the element, the characteristics of each point on the element will vary due to the signal change. In this case, the element as a whole cannot be regarded as a single entity with fixed characteristics, but should be called a distributed element.

[0073] Capacitor / Capacitor Structure: This can be understood as lumped capacitance and / or distributed capacitance. Lumped capacitance refers to capacitive components, such as capacitor elements; distributed capacitance (or distributed capacitance) refers to the equivalent capacitance formed by two conductive components separated by a certain gap.

[0074] Inductance / Inductor Structure: Can be understood as lumped inductance and / or distributed inductance. Lumped inductance refers to inductive components, such as inductor elements; distributed inductance (or distributed inductance) refers to the equivalent inductance formed through a conductive element of a certain length, such as the equivalent inductance formed by a conductor due to curling or rotation.

[0075] A radiator, or antenna stub, is a device in an antenna used to receive / transmit electromagnetic wave radiation. In some cases, the term "antenna" is narrowly defined as a radiator, which converts guided wave energy from the transmitter into radio waves, or converts radio waves into guided wave energy, for radiating and receiving radio waves. The modulated high-frequency current energy (or guided wave energy) generated by the transmitter is transmitted to the transmitting radiator via a feed line, where it is converted into electromagnetic wave energy of a specific polarization and radiated in the desired direction. The receiving radiator converts electromagnetic wave energy of a specific polarization from a specific direction in space back into modulated high-frequency current energy, which is then transmitted to the receiver input via a feed line.

[0076] Radiators (or antenna stubs) may include conductors with specific shapes and sizes, such as wires or sheets, and this application does not limit the specific shape. In one embodiment, a wire radiator may be simply referred to as a wire antenna. In one embodiment, a wire radiator may be implemented by a conductive frame, and may also be referred to as a frame antenna. In one embodiment, a wire radiator may be implemented by a support conductor, and may also be referred to as a support antenna. In one embodiment, the wire diameter (e.g., including thickness and width) of the wire radiator, or the radiator of the wire antenna, is much smaller than the wavelength (e.g., the wavelength of the medium) (e.g., less than 1 / 16 of the wavelength), and the length may be comparable to the wavelength (e.g., the wavelength of the medium) (e.g., a length of approximately 1 / 8 of the wavelength, or 1 / 8 to 1 / 4, or 1 / 4 to 1 / 2, or longer). The main forms of wire antennas include dipole antennas, half-wave dipole antennas, monopole antennas, loop antennas, and inverted F antennas (also known as IFAs). For example, in a dipole antenna, each dipole antenna typically includes two radiating stubs, each fed from the feed end of the radiating stub by a feed section. For example, an inverted-F antenna (IFA) can be considered as a monopole antenna with an added ground path. An IFA antenna has one feed point and one ground point, and is called an inverted-F antenna because its side view is inverted-F shaped. In one embodiment, the sheet radiator may include a microstrip antenna or a patch antenna, such as a planar inverted-F antenna (also known as a PIFA). In one embodiment, the sheet radiator may be implemented using a planar conductor (e.g., a conductive sheet or conductive coating). In one embodiment, the sheet radiator may include a conductive sheet, such as a copper sheet. In one embodiment, the sheet radiator may include a conductive coating, such as silver paste. The shape of the sheet radiator includes circular, rectangular, and annular shapes, and this application does not limit the specific shape. The structure of a microstrip antenna generally consists of a dielectric substrate, a radiator, and a ground plane, wherein the dielectric substrate is disposed between the radiator and the ground plane.

[0077] Radiators (or antenna stubs) may also include slots or gaps formed on a conductor, for example, closed or semi-closed slots or gaps formed on a grounded conductor surface. In one embodiment, a slotted or slit radiator may be simply referred to as a slot antenna or a gap antenna. In one embodiment, the radial dimension (e.g., including width) of the slot or gap of the slot antenna / gap antenna is much smaller than the wavelength (e.g., the dielectric wavelength) (e.g., less than 1 / 16 of the wavelength), while the length dimension may be comparable to the wavelength (e.g., the dielectric wavelength) (e.g., a length of approximately 1 / 8 of the wavelength, or 1 / 8 to 1 / 4, or 1 / 4 to 1 / 2, or longer). In one embodiment, a radiator with a closed slot or gap may be simply referred to as a closed slot antenna. In one embodiment, a radiator with a semi-closed slot or gap (e.g., an opening added to a closed slot or gap) may be simply referred to as an open slot antenna. In some embodiments, the gap shape is elongated. In some embodiments, the length of the gap is approximately half a wavelength (e.g., the dielectric wavelength). In some embodiments, the length of the gap is approximately an integer multiple of a wavelength (e.g., one dielectric wavelength). In some embodiments, the slot can be fed by transmission lines connected across one or both sides, thereby exciting a radio frequency electromagnetic field on the slot and radiating electromagnetic waves into space. In one embodiment, the radiator of the slot antenna or gap antenna can be implemented by a conductive frame grounded at both ends, also known as a frame antenna; in this embodiment, the slot antenna or gap antenna can be viewed as including a linear radiator, the linear radiator being spaced apart from the ground and grounded at both ends, thereby forming a closed or semi-closed slot or gap. In one embodiment, the radiator of the slot antenna or gap antenna can be implemented by a support conductor grounded at both ends, also known as a support antenna.

[0078] A feed circuit / feed structure is the combination of all components of an antenna used for receiving and transmitting radio frequency (RF) waves. In the case of a receiving antenna, the feed circuit can be considered the antenna section from the first amplifier to the front-end transmitter. In a transmitting antenna, the feed circuit can be seen as the section after the last power amplifier. In some cases, the term "feed circuit" is narrowly interpreted as the RF chip, or the transmission path including the RF chip to the feed point on the radiator or transmission line. The feed circuit has the function of converting radio waves into electrical signals and sending them to the receiver components. Typically, it is considered part of the antenna used to convert radio waves into electrical signals and vice versa. Antenna design should consider the maximum power transfer possibility and efficiency. For this purpose, the antenna feed impedance must be matched with the load resistance. The antenna feed impedance is a combination of resistance, capacitance, and inductance. To ensure maximum power transfer conditions, the two impedances (load resistance and feed impedance) should be matched. Matching can be achieved by considering frequency requirements and antenna design parameters such as gain, directivity, and radiation efficiency.

[0079] Ground / Plug, broadly speaking, refers to at least a portion of any grounding layer, ground plane, or grounding metal layer within an electronic device (such as a mobile phone), or at least a portion of any combination of the aforementioned grounding layers, ground planes, or grounding components. "Ground / Plug" can be used for grounding components within an electronic device. In one embodiment, "Ground / Plug" may include any one or more of the following: a grounding layer of a circuit board of an electronic device, a ground plane formed by the frame of the electronic device, a grounding metal layer formed by a thin metal film beneath the screen, a conductive grounding layer of a battery, and conductive or metallic components electrically connected to the aforementioned grounding layer / ground plane / metal layer. In one embodiment, the circuit board may be a printed circuit board (PCB), such as an 8-layer, 10-layer, or 12-14-layer board having 8, 10, 12, 13, or 14 layers of conductive material, or components separated and electrically insulated by dielectric or insulating layers such as fiberglass or polymers. In one embodiment, the circuit board includes a dielectric substrate, a grounding layer, and a trace layer, the trace layer and the grounding layer being electrically connected through vias. In one embodiment, components such as display 120, touch screen, input buttons, transmitter, processor, memory, battery, charging circuit, system-on-chip (SoC) architecture, etc., may be mounted on or connected to the circuit board; or electrically connected to the trace layers and / or ground layers in the circuit board. For example, an RF source is disposed on a trace layer.

[0080] Any of the aforementioned grounding layers, ground planes, or grounding metal layers are made of conductive materials. In one embodiment, the conductive material may be any of the following: copper, aluminum, stainless steel, brass and their alloys, copper foil on an insulating substrate, aluminum foil on an insulating substrate, gold foil on an insulating substrate, silver-plated copper, silver-plated copper foil on an insulating substrate, silver foil on an insulating substrate and tin-plated copper, graphite-impregnated cloth, graphite-coated substrates, copper-plated substrates, brass-plated substrates, and aluminum-plated substrates. Those skilled in the art will understand that grounding layers / ground planes / grounding metal layers may also be made of other conductive materials.

[0081] Grounding: refers to coupling with the aforementioned ground / floor in any way. In one embodiment, grounding can be achieved through physical grounding, such as through a structural component of the mid-frame to achieve a physical ground at a specific location on the frame (or, physical ground). In another embodiment, grounding can be achieved through device grounding, such as through devices like capacitors / inductors / resistors connected in series or parallel (or, device ground).

[0082] Resonant frequency: The resonant frequency is also called the resonance frequency. The resonant frequency can have a frequency range, that is, the frequency range in which resonance occurs. The resonant frequency can be a frequency range where the return loss characteristic is less than -6dB. The frequency corresponding to the strongest resonance is the center frequency. The return loss characteristic of the center frequency can be less than -20dB.

[0083] Resonant frequency band: The range of resonant frequencies is the resonant frequency band. The return loss characteristics at any frequency point within the resonant frequency band can be less than -6dB or -5dB.

[0084] Communication / Operating Frequency Band: Regardless of the type of antenna, it always operates within a certain frequency range (bandwidth). For example, an antenna supporting the B40 band operates within the frequency range of 2300MHz to 2400MHz, or in other words, its operating frequency band includes the B40 band. The frequency range that meets the specifications can be considered the antenna's operating frequency band. The width of the operating frequency band is called the operating bandwidth. The operating bandwidth of an omnidirectional antenna may reach 3-5% of the center frequency. The operating bandwidth of a directional antenna may reach 5-10% of the center frequency. Bandwidth can be considered as a frequency range on both sides of the center frequency (e.g., the resonant frequency of a dipole), where the antenna characteristics are within the acceptable range of the center frequency.

[0085] The resonant frequency band and the operating frequency band can be the same or can partially overlap. In one embodiment, one or more resonant frequency bands of the antenna can cover one or more operating frequency bands of the antenna.

[0086] Electrical length: Electrical length can be expressed as the ratio of physical length (i.e., mechanical length or geometric length) multiplied by the time it takes for an electrical or electromagnetic signal to travel in a medium to the time required for that signal to travel a distance in free space equal to the physical length of the medium. Electrical length can be expressed by the following formula:

[0087] Where L is the physical length, a is the transmission time of the electrical or electromagnetic signal in the medium, and b is the transmission time in free space.

[0088] Alternatively, electrical length can also refer to the ratio of physical length (i.e., mechanical length or geometric length) to the wavelength of the transmitted electromagnetic wave, and electrical length can satisfy the following formula:

[0089] Where L is the physical length and λ is the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave.

[0090] In some embodiments of this application, the physical length of the radiator can be understood as within ±20%, ±10%, or ±5% of the electrical length of the radiator.

[0091] Wavelength: or operating wavelength, can be the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the resonant frequency or the center frequency of the operating frequency band supported by the antenna. For example, assuming the center frequency of the B1 uplink band (resonant frequency from 1920MHz to 1980MHz) is 1955MHz, then the operating wavelength can be the wavelength calculated using this frequency. Not limited to the center frequency, "operating wavelength" can also refer to the wavelength corresponding to the non-center frequency of the resonant frequency or operating frequency band.

[0092] It should be understood that the wavelength of the radiation signal in air can be calculated as follows: (air wavelength, or vacuum wavelength) = speed of light / frequency, where the frequency is the frequency of the radiation signal (MHz), and the speed of light can be taken as 3 × 10⁻⁶. 8 m / s. The wavelength of the radiated signal in the medium can be calculated as follows: Where ε is the relative permittivity of the medium. The wavelength in the embodiments of this application typically refers to the medium wavelength, which can be the medium wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the resonant frequency, or the medium wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the operating frequency band supported by the antenna. For example, assuming the center frequency of the B1 uplink band (resonant frequency of 1920MHz to 1980MHz) is 1955MHz, then the wavelength can be the medium wavelength calculated using this frequency. Not limited to the center frequency, the "medium wavelength" can also refer to the medium wavelength corresponding to the non-center frequency of the resonant frequency or operating frequency band. For ease of understanding, the medium wavelength mentioned in the embodiments of this application can be simply calculated using the relative permittivity of the medium filling one or more sides of the radiator.

[0093] End / Point: The term "end / point" in the context of the antenna radiator's first end / second end / feed end / ground end / feed point / ground point / connection point should not be narrowly interpreted as necessarily an endpoint or end physically disconnected from other radiators. It can also be considered a point or segment on a continuous radiator. In one embodiment, "end / point" can include a connection / coupling region on the antenna radiator that couples to other conductive structures. For example, a feed end / feed point can be a coupling region on the antenna radiator that couples to a feed structure or feed circuit (e.g., a region facing a part of the feed circuit). Similarly, a ground end / ground point can be a connection / coupling region on the antenna radiator that couples to a ground structure or ground circuit.

[0094] Open terminal, closed terminal: In some embodiments, open terminal and closed terminal are, for example, relative to whether or not they are grounded; the closed terminal is grounded, and the open terminal is not grounded. In some embodiments, open terminal and closed terminal are, for example, relative to other conductors; the closed terminal is electrically connected to other conductors, and the open terminal is not electrically connected to other conductors. In one embodiment, the open terminal may also be referred to as a floating terminal, free terminal, open terminal, or open-circuit terminal. In one embodiment, the closed terminal may also be referred to as a ground terminal or short-circuit terminal. It should be understood that in some embodiments, other conductors can be coupled through the open terminal to transfer coupled energy (which can be understood as transferring current).

[0095] In some embodiments, the understanding of "open terminal" can also be from the perspective of current distribution. An open terminal or a floating terminal can be understood as a point with a small current or a point with a large electric field on the radiator. In one embodiment, coupling electronic devices (e.g., capacitors, inductors, etc.) through an open terminal can maintain the current distribution characteristics of the point with a small current or a large electric field.

[0096] It should be understood that when an electronic device (e.g., capacitor, inductor, etc.) is coupled at the radiator end of a gap (which, from the perspective of the radiator's structure, is similar to the radiator at the opening of an open or floating end), the radiator end can be a point with a large current / small electric field. In this case, it should be understood that the radiator end at the gap is actually a closed end or a grounded end, etc.

[0097] The terms "middle" or "middle position" used in the embodiments of this application refer to specific ranges or distances. For example, the middle (position) of a conductor can refer to a section of the conductor including its midpoint, or a section of the conductor including its midpoint that is one-eighth of a wavelength. The wavelength can be the wavelength corresponding to the antenna's operating frequency band, the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the operating frequency band, or the wavelength corresponding to the resonant point. As another example, the middle (position) of a conductor can refer to a section of the conductor located less than a predetermined threshold (e.g., 1 mm, 2 mm, or 2.5 mm) from the midpoint. The middle position of a slot or the middle position of one side of a slot refers to the middle position of one side of the slot.

[0098] The terms collinearity, coaxiality, coplanarity, symmetry (e.g., axial symmetry, or central symmetry), parallelism, perpendicularity, and similarity (e.g., same length, same width, etc.) mentioned in the embodiments of this application are all relative to the current technological level, and not absolute and strict mathematical definitions. There may be a deviation of less than a predetermined threshold (e.g., 1 mm, 0.5 mm, or 0.1 mm) between the edges of two collinear radiating stubs or two antenna elements in the line width direction. There may be a deviation of less than a predetermined threshold between the edges of two coplanar radiating stubs or two antenna elements in the direction perpendicular to their coplanar plane. There may be a deviation of a predetermined angle between two parallel or perpendicular antenna elements. In one embodiment, the predetermined threshold may be less than or equal to a threshold of 1 mm, for example, the predetermined threshold may be 0.5 mm or 0.1 mm. In one embodiment, the predetermined angle may be an angle within the range of ±10°, for example, the predetermined angle deviation is ±5°.

[0099] The current unidirectional / reverse distribution mentioned in the embodiments of this application should be understood as the main currents on conductors on the same side being in the same / reverse direction. For example, when a unidirectional current is excited on a bent or looped conductor (e.g., the current path is also bent or looped), it should be understood that, for example, the main currents excited on the conductors on both sides of a looped conductor (e.g., on the conductors on both sides of a gap) are in opposite directions, but still fall under the definition of unidirectional current in this application. In one embodiment, unidirectional current on a conductor can mean that the current on that conductor has no reversal point. In one embodiment, reversible current on a conductor can mean that the current on that conductor has at least one reversal point. In one embodiment, unidirectional current on two conductors can mean that the currents on both conductors have no reversal points and flow in the same direction. In one embodiment, reversible current on two conductors can mean that the currents on both conductors have no reversal points and flow in opposite directions. The unidirectional / reverse current on multiple conductors can be understood accordingly.

[0100] Antenna gain: Characterizes the degree to which an antenna concentrates the radiated input power. Generally, the narrower the main lobe and the smaller the side lobes of the antenna pattern, the higher the antenna gain.

[0101] System efficiency: refers to the ratio of the power radiated into space by the antenna (i.e., the power effectively converted into electromagnetic waves) to the antenna's input power. System efficiency is the actual efficiency after considering antenna port matching; that is, the system efficiency of an antenna is its actual efficiency (i.e., overall efficiency).

[0102] Radiation efficiency refers to the ratio of the power radiated by an antenna into space (i.e., the power effectively converted into electromagnetic waves) to the active power input to the antenna. The active power input to the antenna equals the antenna's input power minus the power loss. Power loss mainly includes return loss power, ohmic loss power of the metal, and / or dielectric loss power. Both metal loss and dielectric loss are factors affecting radiation efficiency.

[0103] Those skilled in the art will understand that efficiency is generally expressed as a percentage, and there is a corresponding conversion relationship between it and dB. The closer the efficiency is to 0dB, the better the efficiency of the antenna.

[0104] dB: This stands for decibel, a logarithmic concept with base 10. Decibels are used to evaluate the proportional relationship between two physical quantities; they themselves have no physical dimensions. For every 10-fold increase in the ratio between two quantities, their difference can be expressed as 10 decibels. For example: A = 100, B = 10, C = 5, D = 1, then A / D = 20 dB; B / D = 10 dB; C / D = 7 dB; B / C = 3 dB. In other words, a 10-decibel difference between two quantities is a 10-fold difference, a 20-decibel difference is a 100-fold difference, and so on. A 3-decibel difference is a 2-fold difference between the two quantities.

[0105] dBi: Usually mentioned together with dBd. dBi and dBd are units of power gain, both relative values, but with different reference points. The reference point for dBi is an omnidirectional antenna; the reference point for dBd is a dipole. Generally, dBi and dBd are considered to represent the same gain, but the value expressed in dBi is 2.15 dBi larger than that expressed in dBd. For example, for an antenna with a gain of 16 dBd, its gain converted to dBi is 18.15 dBi, generally ignoring the decimal places, hence 18 dBi.

[0106] Antenna return loss: This can be understood as the ratio of the signal power reflected back to the antenna port after passing through the antenna circuit to the transmit power at the antenna port. The smaller the reflected signal, the larger the signal radiated into space through the antenna, and the higher the antenna's radiation efficiency. Conversely, the larger the reflected signal, the smaller the signal radiated into space through the antenna, and the lower the antenna's radiation efficiency.

[0107] Antenna return loss can be represented by the S11 parameter, which is one of the S-parameters. S11 represents the reflection coefficient, and this parameter characterizes the antenna's transmission efficiency.

[0108] In one embodiment, the S11 diagram can be understood as a schematic diagram representing the resonance generated by the antenna. In one embodiment, the resonance shown in the S11 diagram within the range of -6dB can be understood as the resonant frequency / frequency range / operating frequency band generated by the antenna. The S11 parameter is usually negative. The smaller the S11 parameter, the smaller the antenna return loss, the less energy reflected back by the antenna itself, which means more energy actually enters the antenna, and the higher the system efficiency of the antenna. The larger the S11 parameter, the greater the antenna return loss, and the lower the system efficiency of the antenna.

[0109] It should be noted that in engineering, an S11 value of -6dB is generally used as the standard. When the S11 value of an antenna is less than -6dB, the antenna can be considered to be working normally, or the antenna can be considered to have good transmission efficiency.

[0110] This application provides an electronic device, which may include devices such as mobile phones, tablets, laptops, and smartwatches. Referring to Figure 1, the electronic device 100 includes a frame 110, a middle frame 10, and a housing. The housing may include a display panel 40 and a back cover 50. The frame 110 encloses an accommodating space, and the middle frame 10 is disposed within the accommodating space. The display panel 40 covers one side (upper part) of the frame 110, and the back cover 50 covers the other side (lower part) of the frame 110 to enclose the accommodating space. For example, the frame 110 may be generally rectangular, and the frame 110 includes a first frame 111 and a second frame 112. The length of the first frame 111 may be less than the length of the second frame 112.

[0111] The electronic device 100 also includes a motherboard assembly 20, which is disposed within the accommodating space and can be mounted on the mid-frame 10 for fixation. Referring to Figure 2, the motherboard assembly 20 includes a motherboard 21 and a first antenna. The motherboard 21 may include a circuit board and devices such as a processor, memory, and RF chip mounted on the circuit board. The first antenna includes a first radiator 22. A feed source is disposed on the motherboard 21, which may include the RF chip. The feed source is coupled to the first radiator 22, enabling the first antenna to transmit and / or receive signals. The first antenna may also include a feeding circuit, which may include a capacitor and / or an inductor. The RF chip can be coupled to the feed source through the feeding circuit to feed signals to the first radiator 22. For example, the feeding circuit may be disposed on the motherboard 21.

[0112] Referring to Figure 3, for example, an antenna bracket 25 is provided on the motherboard 21. The antenna bracket 25 is an insulating bracket, and the first radiator 22 can be fixed on the motherboard 21 through the antenna bracket 25. A feed component is provided on the motherboard 21, and the feed source is coupled to the first radiator 22 through the feed component. With this configuration, the first radiator can be fed without a complex feed structure. The feed component may include structures such as springs and capacitors to couple power (couple signal) to the first radiator 22 through the feed component. In the implementation where the antenna bracket 25 is provided on the motherboard 21, the feed component may include a conductor (such as a conductive line or conductive plate) provided on the antenna bracket 25 to couple power to the first radiator 22 through the feed component.

[0113] In some implementations, the motherboard 21 is provided with a positioning post 17, and correspondingly, the first radiator 22 is provided with a positioning hole. The positioning post 17 passes through the positioning hole, which can realize the positioning of the first radiator 22, thereby improving the positional accuracy of the first radiator 22.

[0114] In some embodiments, an adhesive layer may be provided between the first radiator 22 and the motherboard 21 to further fix the first radiator 22. For example, the motherboard 21 may have a recess, and at least part of the adhesive layer is disposed in the recess, so that after part of the first radiator 22 is pasted on the adhesive layer, the first radiator 22 can be attached to the surface of the motherboard 21 to reduce the gap between the first radiator 22 and the motherboard and reduce the thickness of the motherboard assembly 20.

[0115] In the above embodiments, the first radiator 22 may include a conductive material such as a metal plate or metal pillar. The shape of the first radiator 22 is not limited in this application embodiment. In some implementations, the motherboard assembly 20 further includes a flexible substrate, on which the first radiator 22 is disposed, and one end of the flexible substrate is connected to the motherboard 21. This configuration allows the flexible substrate to support the first radiator 22. It is understood that the first radiator 22 has a relatively small thickness, and the flexible substrate can support it, preventing damage or deformation to the first radiator 22 during installation and movement of the motherboard assembly 20.

[0116] For example, the motherboard assembly 20 may include a flexible printed circuit (FPC), and correspondingly, the insulating layer of the flexible printed circuit can serve as a flexible substrate, and the conductive layer of the flexible printed circuit can serve as a first radiator 22.

[0117] Please refer to Figures 1 and 4. In this embodiment of the application, the middle frame 10 can be roughly plate-shaped and can be roughly parallel to the display panel 40. The motherboard 21 can cover the middle frame 10 and can be connected to the middle frame 10 by means of bolts or snap-fit.

[0118] In the above implementation, the electronic device 100 also includes a battery 30, which is disposed within the accommodating space and can be connected to the mid-frame 10 to fix the battery 30. At least a portion of the mid-frame 10 is located between the battery 30 and the first radiator 22. This can be understood as follows: along the thickness direction of the electronic device 100 (perpendicular to the display panel 40), at least a portion of the mid-frame 10 is located between the battery 30 and the first radiator 22. The projections of the first radiator 22 and the mid-frame 10 on the display panel 40 can partially overlap, or the projection of the first radiator 22 on the display panel 40 is located within the projection of the mid-frame on the display panel 40, or there is a small gap (e.g., the gap is less than or equal to 10 mm) between the projection of the first radiator 22 on the display panel 40 and the projection of the mid-frame on the display panel 40. Similarly, the projections of the battery 30 and the mid-frame 10 on the display panel 40 may partially overlap, or the projection of the battery 30 on the display panel 40 may be located within the projection of the mid-frame on the display panel 40, or there may be a small gap between the projection of the battery 30 on the display panel 40 and the projection of the mid-frame on the display panel 40 (such as a gap of less than or equal to 10 mm).

[0119] Referring to Figures 5 and 6, a window 11 is provided on the middle frame 10, which penetrates the middle frame 10. The first radiator 22 extends along the surface of the motherboard 21, with a portion of the first radiator 22 extending outside the motherboard 21. That is, a portion of the first radiator 22 covers the motherboard 21, while the projection of the other portion of the first radiator 22 on the middle frame 10 is outside the projection of the motherboard 21 on the middle frame 10. The portion of the first radiator 22 extending outside the motherboard 21 covers at least part of the window 11. It is understood that the casing of the battery 30 is generally a metal casing, and the casing of the battery 30 is grounded. That is, the casing of the battery 30 serves as the ground of the first antenna. The battery 30, through the window 11, assists the first radiator 22 in transmitting signals outward. In other words, the area between the battery 30 and the first radiator 22 can provide clearance for the first antenna.

[0120] It is understandable that when the motherboard assembly 20 is not mounted on the mid-frame 10, the first radiator 22 may have a certain angle with the motherboard 21, or be approximately parallel to the motherboard 21; after the motherboard assembly 20 is mounted on the mid-frame 10, the first radiator 22 is approximately parallel to the motherboard 21 to cover the opening 11. The fact that part of the first radiator 22 extends beyond the motherboard 21 can be understood as the projection of part of the first radiator 22 onto the display panel 40 extending beyond the projection of the motherboard 21 onto the display panel 40.

[0121] For example, the projection of the first radiator 22 onto the battery 30 may partially cover the projection of the window 11 onto the battery 30 (the first radiator 22 covers part of the window 11); or, the projection of the window 11 onto the battery 30 may be located within the projection of the first radiator 22 onto the battery 30 (the first radiator 22 completely covers the window 11). It is understood that appropriately increasing the overlapping area of ​​the projections of the first radiator 22 and the window 11 onto the battery 30 (increasing the area of ​​the window 11 covered by the first radiator 22) can improve the gain of the first antenna, thereby improving communication performance.

[0122] In this embodiment, at least a portion of the middle frame 10 is disposed between the first radiator 22 and the battery 30, and the first radiator 22 covers at least a portion of the window 11, wherein the surface of the first radiator 22 facing away from the battery 30 may be flush with the surface of the middle frame 10; or, along the thickness direction of the electronic device, at least a portion of the first radiator 22 is located inside the window 11.

[0123] In this embodiment, the first radiator 22 is located between the window 11 and the insulating portion of the outer casing, so that the first radiator 22 can radiate signals outward through the insulating portion of the outer casing. The first radiator 22 being located between the window 11 and the insulating portion of the outer casing can be understood as the first radiator 22 being located between the window 11 and the insulating portion of the outer casing along the thickness direction of the electronic device. For example, the projection of the insulating portion on the display panel 40 and the projection of the first radiator 22 on the display panel 40 can at least partially overlap; or, there is a small gap between the projection of the insulating portion on the display panel 40 and the projection of the first radiator 22 on the display panel 40.

[0124] The electronic device 100 provided in this application embodiment has a middle frame 10 at least partially disposed between the battery 30 and the first radiator 22. The middle frame 10 is provided with a window 11, and the first radiator 22 covers at least part of the window 11. The window 11 provides clearance for the first antenna, or in other words, part of the thickness of the middle frame 10 provides clearance for the first antenna, thereby improving the gain of the first antenna.

[0125] On the other hand, since the window 11 provides clearance for the first antenna, or in other words, part of the thickness of the middle frame 10 provides clearance for the first antenna, under the same antenna performance (such as the same gain), the middle frame 10 is positioned between the battery 30 and the first radiator 22, which can reduce the thickness of the electronic device 100 (the dimension perpendicular to the direction of the display panel 40).

[0126] Referring again to Figure 4, in some implementations, the display panel 40 and the back cover 50 are located on opposite sides of the middle frame 10, the motherboard 21 and the first radiator 22 are located on the same side of the middle frame 10, the first radiator 22 is located between the middle frame 10 and the back cover 50 (i.e., the motherboard 21 faces the back cover 50), and the battery 30 is located between the middle frame 10 and the display panel 40 (the battery 30 faces the display panel 40). With this configuration, the motherboard 21 can be disassembled and repaired by removing the back cover 50, facilitating the disassembly and repair of the motherboard 21.

[0127] It is understandable that the material of the back cover 50 may include non-metallic materials such as ceramics and plastics, so as not to obstruct the signal transmission and reception of the first antenna. Of course, in the implementation where the material of the back cover 50 includes metallic materials, a window may be provided on the back cover 50 facing the first radiator 22, and an insulating material may be provided inside the window so that the first antenna can transmit and receive signals through the window. The projections of the window and the first radiator 22 on the middle frame 10 may at least partially overlap, or there may be a small gap between the projections of the window and the first radiator 22 on the middle frame 10 (such as a gap less than or equal to 10 mm). In the implementation where the material of the back cover 50 includes metallic materials, the back cover 50 and the middle frame 10 may be an integral structure.

[0128] Referring to Figure 7, in other implementations, the display panel 40 and the back cover 50 are located on opposite sides of the middle frame 10, while the motherboard 21 and the battery 30 are located on the same side of the middle frame 10. The motherboard 21 and the battery 30 can face the display panel 40. The first radiator 22 and the motherboard 21 are located on different sides of the middle frame 10, i.e., the first radiator 22 faces the back cover 50. With this configuration, the battery 30 and the motherboard 21 can be disassembled and repaired by removing the back cover 50, thus facilitating their installation, removal, and repair.

[0129] In other implementations, the motherboard 21 and the first radiator 22 are located on the same side of the middle frame 10, with the first radiator 22 positioned between the middle frame 10 and the display panel 40 (i.e., the motherboard 21 faces the display panel 40), and the battery 30 positioned between the middle frame 10 and the back cover 50 (with the battery 30 facing the back cover 50). This configuration allows for easy removal and repair of the battery 30 by disassembling the back cover 50.

[0130] It is understood that the area of ​​the display panel 40 facing the first radiator 22 can be a window area. No wiring can be installed in this window area, so that the first antenna can receive and transmit signals through this window area, avoiding signal obstruction by wiring in the window area. The projections of the window area and the first radiator 22 on the middle frame 10 can at least partially overlap, or there can be a small gap between the projections of the window area and the first radiator 22 on the middle frame 10 (such as a gap less than or equal to 10 mm).

[0131] Referring again to Figures 4 and 7, in some embodiments, the middle frame 10 includes a first surface 102 and a second surface 103 disposed opposite to each other, spaced apart along the thickness direction of the middle frame 10. A first groove 12 is provided on the first surface 102, and the motherboard 21 is disposed within the first groove 12. A second groove 13 is provided on the second surface 103, and the battery 30 is disposed within the second groove 13. The projections of the first groove 12 and the second groove 13 onto the middle frame 10 are spaced apart. With this configuration, the motherboard 21 is disposed within the first groove 12 of the middle frame 10, and the battery 30 is disposed within the second groove 13 of the middle frame 10. The first radiator 22, coupled to the feed of the motherboard 21, at least partially covers the opening 11 on the middle frame 10. The thickness of the middle frame 10 provides clearance for the antenna without needing to raise the antenna radiator inside the housing to obtain clearance, thus reducing the thickness of the electronic device.

[0132] Referring to Figure 8, in some implementations, a portion of the first radiator 22 covers the motherboard 21, and this portion of the first radiator 22 is located on the side of the motherboard 21 opposite to the mid-frame 10. Another portion of the first radiator 22 covers the mid-frame 10 such that this portion of the first radiator 22 covers at least part of the window 11; that is, the first radiator 22 covers both the motherboard 21 and the mid-frame 10, and is located at the junction of the battery 30 (as shown in Figure 4) and the motherboard 21. In the implementation of the frame 110 including the first frame 111 and the second frame 112, the length of the first frame 111 is less than the length of the second frame 112. The motherboard 21 and the battery 30 can be arranged along the length direction of the second frame 112. Since the first radiator 22 is located at the junction of the motherboard 21 and the battery 30, the first radiator 22 can be located in the middle region of the length direction of the electronic device 100 (parallel to the second frame 112) (this middle region is near the midpoint of the length direction of the electronic device, such as within one-quarter of the length of the electronic device to the left and right of the midpoint). In the scenario where the electronic device 100 is placed horizontally, the user's hand is less likely to block the first radiator 22, so as not to affect the performance of the first antenna (such as the gain of the first antenna).

[0133] Understandably, the landscape orientation is suitable for scenarios where users play games or watch videos on their phones. In this orientation, the second frame 112 is roughly parallel to the horizontal plane. Users typically hold the first frame 111 and the area B near the first frame 111, as well as the area C opposite to area B, which represents the two ends of the length of the electronic device 100. The first radiator 22 is located at the junction of the motherboard 21 and the battery 30, thus avoiding obstruction of the first radiator 22 in the landscape orientation.

[0134] Referring again to Figures 4 and 5, in some implementations, the electronic device 100 further includes a small board 60. The small board 60 is disposed within the accommodating space and on the middle frame 10. The main board 21, battery 30, and small board 60 are arranged along the length of the second frame 112, with the battery 30 located between the main board 21 and the small board 60. With this arrangement, the first radiator 22 can still be located in the middle region along the length of the electronic device 100. In a horizontal orientation, the user's hand is less likely to block the first radiator 22, thus avoiding affecting the performance of the first antenna.

[0135] Referring to Figure 5, for example, in a portrait mode usage scenario (such as making and receiving phone calls, browsing web pages, sending and receiving video calls, etc.), the second bezel 112 is approximately perpendicular to the horizontal plane, the first bezel 111 can be located at the top of the electronic device 100, the motherboard 21 can be positioned close to the first bezel 111, that is, the motherboard 21 is located at the upper part of the electronic device 100, the small board 60 is located at the lower part of the electronic device 100, and the first radiator 22 is located at the junction of the motherboard 21 and the battery 30, so that the first radiator 22 is located in the upper half of the electronic device 100; while in a portrait mode usage scenario, the user's hand generally holds the lower half of the electronic device 100 (such as area A), and the user's hand will not be held outside the first radiator 22, thereby avoiding the user's hand from affecting the performance of the first antenna.

[0136] For example, the small board 60 may include a printed circuit board, and devices such as speakers and microphones may be disposed on the small board 60. The small board 60 is electrically connected to the motherboard 21 to operate under the control of the processor.

[0137] In the above implementation, the small board 60 and the main board 21 can be located on the same side of the middle frame 10. Correspondingly, a third groove 14 is also provided on the first surface 102 of the middle frame 10, and the small board 60 is disposed in the third groove 14 to facilitate the installation and maintenance of the main board 21 and the small board 60. Of course, the small board 60 can also be located on the same side of the middle frame 10 as the battery 30. Correspondingly, the third groove 14 can be provided on the second surface 103 of the main board 21, and the small board 60 is disposed in the third groove 14.

[0138] Referring to Figure 9, in some embodiments, the electronic device 100 further includes a dielectric layer 15, which fills the opening 11, and the first radiator 22 can be attached to the surface of the dielectric layer 15. This configuration allows the dielectric layer 15 to support the first radiator 22 corresponding to the opening 11, thereby preventing deformation of the first radiator 22. In one embodiment, the dielectric constant within the opening 11 can also be adjusted via the dielectric layer, thereby regulating the performance of the first antenna.

[0139] In some implementations, the dielectric layer 15 can be connected to the first radiator 22 (e.g., by bonding) to fix the first radiator 22 to the middle frame 10, thereby fixing the first radiator 22.

[0140] In some embodiments, a slit 23 is provided on the first radiator 22, which cuts off the first radiator 22 along its width direction; that is, a portion of the first radiator 22 on one side of the slit 23 is coupled to the feed on the motherboard 21, and a portion of the first radiator 22 on the other side of the slit 23 covers at least part of the window 11. With this configuration, the electrical length of the first radiator 22 can be adjusted through the slit 23, thereby adjusting the communication frequency band covered by the first antenna; or, within the same communication frequency band, the radiating aperture of the first antenna can be enlarged, thereby improving the radiation efficiency of the first antenna.

[0141] Figure 10 is a return loss curve of the first antenna shown in Figure 9. Referring to Figure 10, in this embodiment, the first radiator 22 is used to generate a first resonance and a second resonance. The resonant frequency of the first resonance is lower than the resonant frequency of the second resonance. The resonant frequency of the first resonance can be around 5.3 GHz, and the resonant frequency of the second resonance is 5.8 GHz. With this configuration, the first radiator 22 generates two resonances, which can increase the bandwidth of the first antenna and thus improve the performance of the first antenna.

[0142] For example, the first resonance and the second resonance may cover the same communication frequency band; or the first resonance and the second resonance may cover different communication frequency bands respectively. This application does not limit this.

[0143] In some implementations, under the first resonance, the current in the first radiator 22 is in the same direction. Correspondingly, the system efficiency and radiation efficiency of the first antenna are both high, and the radiation pattern mainly radiates from the back cover 50 (as shown in Figure 1) away from the display panel 40, roughly forming a hemispherical shape. Under the second resonance, the current in the first radiators 22 on both sides of the slit 23 is in opposite directions. At this time, the first antenna still has a certain system efficiency and radiation efficiency. The radiation pattern on the side of the back cover 50 away from the display panel 40 (as shown in Figure 1), is lobed (the main lobe and side lobes of the radiation pattern are spaced apart along the length of the electronic device) radiating away from the display panel 40. It can be seen that both the first and second resonances can meet communication requirements, giving the first antenna a large bandwidth.

[0144] Referring to Figure 11, in some implementations, there are multiple slots 23 (e.g., 2, 3, 4, etc.), which are spaced apart along the length of the first radiator 22. This arrangement allows for further adjustment of the electrical length of the first radiator 22; with the same electrical length, a larger number of slots 23 can increase the aperture of the first antenna and improve its radiation efficiency. Furthermore, a well-placed slot 23 can avoid interfering with the setup and operation of other structures within the electronic device, increasing the freedom of antenna design.

[0145] Figure 12 shows the return loss curve of the first antenna in the implementation mode with two slots 23 shown in Figure 11. As can be seen from Figure 12, the resonant frequency of the first resonance is about 5.3 GHz, and the resonant frequency of the second resonance is about 5.8 GHz. Furthermore, under the first resonance, the system efficiency and radiation efficiency of the first antenna are both relatively high. Under the second resonance, the first antenna still has a certain system efficiency and radiation efficiency. Both the first resonance and the second resonance can meet the communication requirements, so that the first antenna has a large bandwidth.

[0146] Referring to Figure 13, in some embodiments, the middle frame 10 further includes a connecting rib 16, which is disposed within the window 11 and can be connected to the side wall of the window 11. The window 11 reduces the structural strength of the middle frame 10; providing the connecting rib 16 can improve the structural strength of the middle frame 10, thereby preventing deformation. It is understood that the connecting rib 16, disposed within the window 11, can divide the window 11 into a first window and a second window, which can be arranged approximately along the length of the first radiator 22.

[0147] The connecting rib 16 can contact the first radiator 22; or, there can be a gap between the connecting rib 16 and the first radiator 22, which can also be filled with a medium material so that the connecting rib 16 can support the first radiator 22 to prevent the first radiator 22 from deforming.

[0148] Figure 14 shows the return loss curve of the first antenna in the implementation of the connecting rib 16 shown in Figure 13. As can be seen from Figure 14, the resonant frequency of the first resonance is about 5.3 GHz, and the resonant frequency of the second resonance is about 5.8 GHz. Furthermore, under the first resonance, the system efficiency and radiation efficiency of the first antenna are both relatively high. Under the second resonance, the first antenna still has a certain system efficiency and radiation efficiency. Both the first resonance and the second resonance can meet the communication requirements, so that the first antenna has a large bandwidth.

[0149] In some implementations, both ends of the first radiator 22 are open along its length, and the distance between the connecting rib 16 and the midpoint of the first radiator 22 along its length is less than or equal to one-quarter of the length dimension of the first radiator 22. This arrangement allows the connecting rib 16 to correspond to the middle of the first radiator 22, where the current is generally higher. Therefore, placing the connecting rib 16 here reduces its impact on the first radiator 22, thereby ensuring high efficiency of the first antenna.

[0150] Referring to Figure 15, in some embodiments, the frame 110 includes a first frame 111 and a second frame 112, the length of the first frame 111 being less than the length of the second frame 112; the electronic device 100 also includes a second antenna and a switching device 24. The second radiator 113 of the second antenna is disposed on the first frame 111. For example, the second radiator 113 can be connected to the first frame 111 by means of bolt connection or snap-fit, etc. Of course, the second radiator 113 can also be an integral structure with the first frame 111, that is, part of the first frame 111 serves as the second radiator 113. Both the first radiator 22 and the second radiator 113 are coupled to the switching device 24. The switching device 24 can switch the working state of the first antenna and / or the second antenna. For example, the switching device 24 can make the first antenna work and the second antenna power-off (not working), at which time the first antenna is used to transmit and receive signals; the switching device 24 can also make the first antenna power-off and the second antenna work, at which time the second antenna is used to transmit and receive signals.

[0151] For example, the communication frequency bands of the first antenna and the second antenna may be at least partially the same, and they may transmit and receive the same signals; for example, the first antenna and the second antenna may both be used to transmit and receive cellular signals or WIFI signals. The embodiments of this application do not limit the signals transmitted and received by the first antenna and the second antenna.

[0152] With the above settings, the switching device 24 can select the better transmitting / receiving signal from the first antenna and the second antenna to ensure the communication quality of the electronic device 100. Understandably, in landscape mode, because the user holds the electronic device 100 near the first bezel 111, their hand may block the second radiator 113, affecting its signal transmission and reception. In this case, the switching device 24 can control the first antenna to be active and the second antenna to be de-energized, ensuring good communication quality through the first radiator 22. In portrait mode, the first bezel 111 generally faces the ceiling. In this case, the switching device 24 can control the first radiator 22 to be de-energized and the second radiator 113 to be active, ensuring good communication quality through its signal transmission and reception. Therefore, the electronic device 100 can maintain good communication quality in all application scenarios.

[0153] Referring to Figure 16, in other embodiments, the electronic device 100 further includes a second antenna. The second radiator 113 of the second antenna is disposed on the second frame 112. For example, the second radiator 113 can be connected to the second frame 112 by means of bolt connection or snap-fit, or the second radiator 113 and the second frame 112 are an integral structure, that is, part of the second frame 112 serves as the second radiator 113. This application embodiment does not limit this.

[0154] In some implementations, the second antenna and the first antenna share the same communication frequency band. The first and second antennas can transmit and receive signals independently to form a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) system, thereby improving communication performance. Correspondingly, the minimum distance L between the first radiator 22 and the second radiator 113 is less than or equal to 10 mm (e.g., 10 mm, 8 mm, 5 mm, etc.) to ensure structural compactness.

[0155] In some embodiments, a partial middle frame 10 is provided between the first radiator 22 and the second radiator 113, and the middle frame 10 is generally grounded. This partial middle frame 10 improves the isolation between the first radiator 22 and the second radiator 113 to ensure the antenna radiation efficiency of the first antenna and the second antenna respectively.

[0156] Figure 17 shows the S-curves of the first and second antennas shown in Figure 16. From the return loss curves of the first and second antennas in Figure 17, it can be seen that the first and second antennas have the same communication frequency band. From the isolation curves in Figure 17, it can be seen that within the communication frequency band, the first and second antennas have a certain degree of isolation, which can meet the communication requirements.

[0157] Referring to Figure 18, in some embodiments, the first radiator 22 includes a first sub-radiator 221 and a second sub-radiator 222. Both the first sub-radiator 221 and the second sub-radiator 222 cover a portion of the opening 11 (as shown in Figure 6). A first feed point a is provided on the first sub-radiator 221 for receiving signals from the feed source. The first sub-radiator 221 and the second sub-radiator 222 are spaced apart in a direction parallel to the middle frame 10. The first sub-radiator 221 is used to couple and feed power to the second sub-radiator 222. This configuration can increase the area of ​​the first radiator 22, thereby enabling the formation of more resonant modes (such as forming a third resonance, the resonant frequency of which can be greater than the resonant frequency of the second resonance; or the resonant frequency of the third resonance can be less than the resonant frequency of the first resonance), further increasing the bandwidth of the first antenna.

[0158] For example, a portion of the first sub-radiator 221 may cover the motherboard 21 so that the feed source on the motherboard 21 can be coupled to the first feed point a, and a portion of the first sub-radiator 221 may cover the window 11; the length directions of the first sub-radiator 221 and the second sub-radiator 222 may be parallel, and the first sub-radiator 221 and the second sub-radiator 222 may be spaced apart along their width direction.

[0159] Referring to Figure 19, in other embodiments, the first radiator 22 includes a first sub-radiator 221 and a second sub-radiator 222. Both the first sub-radiator 221 and the second sub-radiator 222 cover a portion of the window 11 (as shown in Figure 6). The first sub-radiator 221 and the second sub-radiator 222 are spaced apart in a direction parallel to the middle frame 10. The first sub-radiator 221 has a first feed point a, and the second sub-radiator 222 has a second feed point b. The first sub-radiator 221 is used to generate a first resonance, and the second sub-radiator 222 is used to generate a second resonance. The resonant frequencies of the first resonance and the second resonance are offset. With this configuration, different resonances can be formed through different feed points, thereby increasing the bandwidth of the first antenna or covering different communication frequency bands.

[0160] Referring to Figure 2, in this embodiment of the application, there can be multiple first antennas, and correspondingly, there can be multiple first radiators 22. The multiple first radiators 22 are spaced apart, and multiple windows 11 are provided on the middle frame 10. Each first radiator 22 corresponds to one window 11, and each first radiator 22 covers at least part of the corresponding window 11 to ensure that each first antenna has a high gain.

[0161] It is understood that the communication frequency bands corresponding to each first antenna can be the same or different, and this application embodiment does not impose any restrictions on this.

[0162] The above description is merely a specific implementation of the embodiments of this application, but the protection scope of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this application should be included within the protection scope of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of this application should be determined by the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An electronic device, comprising: include: The battery, the middle frame, the outer casing, and the first antenna are disposed within the outer casing. At least a portion of the middle frame is disposed between the battery and a first radiator of the first antenna. The middle frame has a through-hole, and the first radiator covers at least a portion of the through-hole and is located between the through-hole and an insulating portion of the outer casing.

2. The electronic device of claim 1, wherein, The electronic device further includes a motherboard, the mid-frame includes a first surface and a second surface disposed opposite to each other, a first groove is provided on the first surface, the motherboard is disposed in the first groove, a second groove is provided on the second surface, the battery is disposed in the second groove, the projections of the first groove and the second groove on the mid-frame are spaced apart, the motherboard has a feed source, and the feed source is coupled to the first radiator.

3. The electronic device of claim 2, wherein, Part of the first radiator is located on the side of the motherboard away from the mid-frame. A power supply component is provided on the motherboard, and the power supply source is coupled to the first radiator through the power supply component.

4. The electronic device of claim 2 or 3, wherein, The first radiator extends along the surface of the motherboard, and a portion of the first radiator extends outside the motherboard.

5. The electronic device of any of claims 1-4, wherein, The window is filled with a medium layer.

6. The electronic device of any of claims 1-5, wherein, The first radiator has a slit, which cuts off the first radiator along its width.

7. The electronic device of claim 6, wherein, There are multiple slits, and the multiple slits are spaced apart along the length direction of the first radiator.

8. The electronic device of any of claims 1-7, wherein, The middle frame also includes a connecting rib, which is disposed within the window.

9. The electronic device of claim 8, wherein, Both ends of the first radiator are open along its length. Along the length, the distance between the connecting rib and the midpoint of the radiator is less than or equal to one-quarter of the length dimension of the radiator.

10. The electronic device of any of claims 2-9, wherein, The electronic device further includes a frame that surrounds the outer periphery of the middle frame; the frame includes an adjacent first frame and a second frame, the first frame and the second frame being perpendicularly arranged, and the length of the first frame being less than the length of the second frame. The motherboard and the battery are arranged along the length of the second frame.

11. The electronic device of claim 10, wherein, The electronic device further includes a second antenna and a switching device. The second radiator of the second antenna is disposed on the first frame. The switching device is coupled to both the first radiator and the second radiator. The switching device is used to switch the operating state of the first antenna and / or the second antenna.

12. The electronic device of claim 10, wherein, The electronic device further includes a second antenna, a second radiator of the second antenna is disposed on the second frame, and the communication frequency bands of the first antenna and the second antenna are at least partially the same.

13. The electronic device of claim 12, wherein, The minimum distance between the first radiator and the second radiator is less than or equal to 10 mm.

14. The electronic device of any of claims 1-13, wherein, The first radiator is used to generate a first resonance and a second resonance, wherein the resonant frequency of the first resonance is less than the resonant frequency of the second resonance.

15. The electronic device of claim 14, wherein, The first radiator includes a first sub-radiator and a second sub-radiator, both of which cover a portion of the opening. The first and second sub-radiators are spaced apart in a direction parallel to the middle frame. A first feed point is provided on the first sub-radiator, which is used to couple power to the second sub-radiator.

16. The electronic device of any of claims 1-13, wherein, The first radiator includes a first sub-radiator and a second sub-radiator, both of which cover a portion of the opening. The first and second sub-radiators are spaced apart in a direction parallel to the middle frame. The first sub-radiator has a first feed point, and the second sub-radiator has a second feed point. The first sub-radiator is used to generate a first resonance, and the second sub-radiator is used to generate a second resonance. The resonant frequency of the first resonance is offset from the resonant frequency of the second resonance.

17. The electronic device of any of claims 1-16, wherein, The housing includes a display panel and a back cover, which are disposed on both sides of the middle frame. The motherboard and the first radiator are both located between the middle frame and the back cover, and the battery is located between the middle frame and the display panel; or The first radiator is located between the middle frame and the back cover, and the battery and the motherboard are both located between the middle frame and the display panel.

18. A motherboard assembly, comprising: include: The motherboard and the first antenna are provided. A power feeding device is provided on the motherboard. One end of the first radiator of the first antenna is coupled to the power feeding device. The power feeding device is used to couple power to the first radiator. The first radiator extends along the surface of the motherboard, and a portion of the first radiator extends outside the motherboard.

19. The motherboard assembly of claim 18, wherein, The portion of the first radiator extending outside the motherboard is used to cover the opening in the frame of the electronic device.

20. The motherboard assembly of claim 18 or 19, wherein, The motherboard assembly also includes a flexible substrate, the first radiator is disposed on the flexible substrate, and one end of the flexible substrate is connected to the motherboard.

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