Activated carbon regeneration method based on ultrasonic coupling

Abstract

The present application relates to the field of activation and regeneration, and discloses an activated carbon regeneration method based on ultrasonic coupling. The method comprises: loading activated carbon to be regenerated into a reaction vessel, adding a target alkaline solution, and placing the vessel in a temperature-controlled ultrasonic device for oscillation treatment; adjusting the pH value of the solution in the reaction vessel, controlling uniform distribution of ultrasonic waves, discharging the solution after treatment, and rinsing the reaction product to neutrality; transferring the reaction product to an acid corrosion-resistant reaction vessel, adding a preheated acidic solution, and placing the vessel in a dual-frequency ultrasonic device for oscillation treatment; and cooling the reaction vessel, adjusting the stirring speed, after it is detected that the conductivity reaches a set value, transferring the reaction product, and performing rinsing and vacuum drying, so as to obtain regenerated activated carbon. The solution of the present application can effectively remove various contaminants from activated carbon, and increase the adsorption capacity and specific surface area of the activated carbon.

Description

Activated carbon regeneration method based on ultrasonic coupling Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of activation and regeneration, and more particularly to an activated carbon regeneration method based on ultrasonic coupling. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, industry and academia have developed various activated carbon regeneration technologies, mainly including the following categories: thermal regeneration, biological regeneration, electrochemical regeneration, wet oxidation regeneration, supercritical CO2 regeneration, and solvent regeneration. However, current activated carbon regeneration technologies generally suffer from the following problems: both traditional thermal regeneration and wet oxidation regeneration require high temperature and / or high pressure conditions, leading to significant energy consumption and increased operating costs. While newer technologies such as supercritical CO2 regeneration and wet oxidation regeneration have certain advantages, their high equipment investment costs and complex process systems hinder widespread application. Most regeneration methods cause structural damage to the activated carbon during the process, resulting in a significant decrease in adsorption performance after regeneration, and repeated regeneration further reduces the lifespan of the activated carbon. For example, biological regeneration is only suitable for biodegradable organic matter, and electrochemical regeneration is mainly for specific types of pollutants, making it difficult to meet the treatment needs of complex pollutants in practical applications. The regeneration effect is easily affected by external conditions, making it difficult to guarantee stable regeneration quality.

[0003] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a technical solution that can effectively remove various pollutants from activated carbon and improve its adsorption capacity and specific surface area. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this application provides an activated carbon regeneration method based on ultrasonic coupling. This application solves the technical problems of complex activated carbon regeneration operations and significant recovery losses.

[0005] This application provides an activated carbon regeneration method based on ultrasonic coupling, comprising: loading the activated carbon to be regenerated into a reaction vessel and adding a target alkaline solution, and then placing it in a temperature-controlled ultrasonic device for vibration treatment; adjusting the pH of the solution in the reaction vessel and controlling the uniform distribution of ultrasonic waves, draining the solution after treatment and rinsing the reactants until neutral; transferring the reactants to an acid-resistant reactor and adding a preheated acidic solution, and then placing it in a dual-frequency ultrasonic device for vibration treatment; cooling the reactor and adjusting the stirring speed, monitoring the conductivity to a set value, transferring the reactants, and then rinsing and vacuum drying to obtain regenerated activated carbon.

[0006] In one possible implementation, the activated carbon to be regenerated is loaded into a reaction vessel, and a target alkaline solution is added, followed by oscillation treatment in a temperature-controlled ultrasonic device. This includes: loading the activated carbon to be regenerated into a reaction vessel made of polished polytetrafluoroethylene; adding the target alkaline solution to the reaction vessel to ensure sufficient contact between the solution and the activated carbon; placing the reaction vessel in an ultrasonic device with temperature control; adjusting the temperature of the reaction vessel using a gradient heating method and dynamically controlling the power of the ultrasonic device to perform periodic oscillation.

[0007] In one possible implementation, adjusting the pH of the solution in the reaction vessel and controlling the uniform distribution of ultrasonic waves, draining the solution after treatment, and rinsing the reactants to neutrality includes: monitoring the pH of the solution in the reaction vessel and maintaining the pH by adding alkaline solution; periodically adjusting the position of the reaction vessel to control the uniform distribution of the ultrasonic field; draining the alkaline solution after treatment; rinsing the reactants to neutrality with deoxygenated deionized water, and performing vacuum filtration.

[0008] In one possible implementation, the reactants are transferred to an acid-resistant reactor and a preheated acidic solution is added for oscillation treatment in a dual-frequency ultrasonic device. This includes: transferring the alkali-treated reactants to the acid-resistant reactor, the reactor being made of polyetheretherketone (PEEK); adding a preheated acidic solution to the reactor; placing the reactor in an ultrasonic treatment device equipped with a dual-frequency generator; and activating the dual-frequency generator to simultaneously output ultrasonic waves of two frequencies for treatment.

[0009] In one possible implementation, the reactor is cooled and the stirring speed is adjusted. After the conductivity is monitored to a set value, the reactants are transferred, rinsed, and vacuum dried to obtain regenerated activated carbon. This includes: controlling the reactor temperature using a step-down cooling strategy; adjusting the stirring speed according to temperature changes; periodically monitoring the conductivity of the acidic solution until a set value is reached; transferring the reactants to a Buchner funnel, rinsing with deoxygenated deionized water, and drying the reactants in a vacuum drying oven to obtain regenerated activated carbon.

[0010] In one possible implementation, the power of the ultrasonic device is dynamically controlled to perform periodic oscillations, comprising: P(t) = P0[1 + α·sin(2πft)]·exp(-βt), where P(t) represents the actual output power at time t, P0 represents the reference power (197.5W), α represents the amplitude modulation coefficient (0.23), f represents the modulation frequency (0.167Hz), and β represents the attenuation coefficient (0.0052s). -1t represents time.

[0011] In one possible implementation, the dual-frequency generator is activated, simultaneously outputting ultrasonic waves of two frequencies for processing, including: I(t) = I1·cos 2 (ωt)+I2·sin 2 (ωt)+k·I1·I2·sin(2ωt), where I(t) represents the synthesized ultrasonic intensity at time t, and I1 represents the reference ultrasonic intensity at 28kHz, with a value of 0.68W / cm². 2 ω represents the modulation angular frequency, with a value of 0.0314 rad / s, and I2 represents the ultrasonic reference intensity at 44 kHz, with a value of 0.82 W / cm². 2 k represents the coupling coefficient, with a value of 0.237.

[0012] One possible implementation includes adjusting the stirring speed according to temperature changes, including: Where v(t) represents the stirring speed at time t, v0 represents the initial stirring speed with a value of 162 rpm, γ represents the temperature compensation coefficient with a value of 0.183, T0 represents the initial temperature, T(t) represents the temperature at time t, η0 represents the initial viscosity, and η(t) represents the viscosity at time t.

[0013] In the activated carbon regeneration method based on ultrasonic coupling provided above, the embodiments of this application effectively remove various pollutants from the activated carbon and restore its adsorption performance through a process of first applying an alkali and then an acid. Furthermore, in some embodiments, by utilizing ultrasound during the acid-alkali treatment process to efficiently restore the adsorption performance of the activated carbon, its adsorption capacity and specific surface area can be improved. Attached Figure Description

[0014] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0015] Figure 1 is a schematic flowchart of an activated carbon regeneration method based on ultrasonic coupling provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0016] Various exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement, numerical expressions, and values ​​of the components and steps set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present disclosure.

[0017] Those skilled in the art will understand that the terms "first," "second," etc., in the embodiments of this disclosure are only used to distinguish different steps, devices, or modules, and do not represent any specific technical meaning, nor do they indicate a necessary logical order between them. It should also be understood that in the embodiments of this disclosure, "multiple" can refer to two or more, and "at least one" can refer to one, two, or more. It should also be understood that any component, data, or structure mentioned in the embodiments of this disclosure can generally be understood as one or more unless explicitly limited or given a contrary indication in the context. Furthermore, the term "and / or" in this disclosure is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, and B existing alone. Additionally, the character " / " in this disclosure generally indicates that the related objects before and after are in an "or" relationship. It should also be understood that the descriptions of the various embodiments in this disclosure emphasize the differences between the various embodiments; their similarities or commonalities can be referred to mutually, and for the sake of brevity, they will not be elaborated upon one by one.

[0018] Furthermore, it should be understood that, for ease of description, the dimensions of the various parts shown in the accompanying drawings are not drawn to actual scale. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative and is in no way intended to limit this disclosure or its application or use. Techniques, methods, and apparatus known to those skilled in the art will not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, such techniques, methods, and apparatus should be considered part of the specification. It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters in the following drawings denote similar items; therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it need not be further discussed in subsequent drawings.

[0019] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0020] Figure 1 is a schematic flowchart of an activated carbon regeneration method based on ultrasonic coupling provided in an embodiment of this application. Specifically, in one embodiment, the activated carbon regeneration method includes the following steps: The activated carbon to be regenerated is loaded into a reaction vessel; an alkaline solution is first injected to ensure sufficient contact between the alkaline solution and the activated carbon, while an ultrasonic generator is activated for vibration treatment; after treatment, the alkaline solution is discharged, and the activated carbon is rinsed with deionized water until neutral; subsequently, an acid solution is injected into the reaction vessel, and treatment is performed under ultrasonic vibration conditions; finally, the acid solution is discharged, the activated carbon is rinsed with deionized water until neutral, and after drying, regenerated activated carbon is obtained.

[0021] Specifically, as shown in Figure 1, in step S101, the activated carbon to be regenerated is loaded into a reaction vessel, and a target alkaline solution is added, then placed in a temperature-controlled ultrasonic device for vibration treatment. This includes: loading the activated carbon to be regenerated into a reaction vessel made of polished polytetrafluoroethylene; adding the target alkaline solution to the reaction vessel to ensure sufficient contact between the solution and the activated carbon; placing the reaction vessel in an ultrasonic device with temperature control; adjusting the temperature of the reaction vessel using a gradient heating method and dynamically controlling the power of the ultrasonic device to perform periodic oscillation.

[0022] The dynamic control of the ultrasonic device's power to achieve periodic oscillation includes: P(t) = P0[1 + α·sin(2πft)]·exp(-βt), where P(t) represents the actual output power at time t, P0 represents the reference power (197.5W), α represents the amplitude modulation coefficient (0.23), f represents the modulation frequency (0.167Hz), and β represents the attenuation coefficient (0.0052s). -1 t represents time.

[0023] In step S102, the pH of the solution in the reaction vessel is adjusted, and the ultrasonic waves are controlled to be evenly distributed. After treatment, the solution is discharged, and the reactants are rinsed until neutral. This includes: monitoring the pH of the solution in the reaction vessel and maintaining the pH by adding alkaline solution; periodically adjusting the position of the reaction vessel to control the uniform distribution of the ultrasonic field; discharging the alkaline solution after treatment; rinsing the reactants with deoxygenated deionized water until neutral, and performing vacuum filtration.

[0024] In step S103, the reactants are transferred to an acid-resistant reactor, and a preheated acidic solution is added for oscillation treatment in a dual-frequency ultrasonic device. This includes: transferring the alkali-treated reactants to an acid-resistant reactor made of polyetheretherketone (PEEK); adding a preheated acidic solution to the reactor; placing the reactor in an ultrasonic treatment device equipped with a dual-frequency generator; and activating the dual-frequency generator to simultaneously output ultrasonic waves of two frequencies for treatment.

[0025] The process involves activating the dual-frequency generator to simultaneously output ultrasonic waves of two frequencies for processing, including: I(t) = I1·cos 2 (ωt)+I2·sin 2 (ωt)+k·I1·I2·sin(2ωt), where I(t) represents the synthesized ultrasonic intensity at time t, and I1 represents the reference ultrasonic intensity at 28kHz, with a value of 0.68W / cm². 2 ω represents the modulation angular frequency, with a value of 0.0314 rad / s, and I2 represents the ultrasonic reference intensity at 44 kHz, with a value of 0.82 W / cm². 2 k represents the coupling coefficient, with a value of 0.237.

[0026] In step S104, the reactor is cooled and the stirring speed is adjusted. After the conductivity reaches a set value, the reactants are transferred, rinsed, and vacuum dried to obtain regenerated activated carbon. This includes: controlling the reactor temperature using a step-down cooling strategy; adjusting the stirring speed according to temperature changes; periodically monitoring the conductivity of the acidic solution until a set value is reached; transferring the reactants to a Buchner funnel, rinsing with deoxygenated deionized water, and drying the reactants in a vacuum drying oven to obtain regenerated activated carbon.

[0027] Among these, adjusting the stirring speed according to temperature changes includes: Where v(t) represents the stirring speed at time t, v0 represents the initial stirring speed with a value of 162 rpm, γ represents the temperature compensation coefficient with a value of 0.183, T0 represents the initial temperature, T(t) represents the temperature at time t, η0 represents the initial viscosity, and η(t) represents the viscosity at time t.

[0028] In specific implementation scenarios, the alkaline solution can be one or a mixture of sodium hydroxide solution, potassium hydroxide solution, or sodium carbonate solution. The concentration of the alkaline solution can be selected from the range of 0.05 mol / L to 2.8 mol / L, preferably from 0.8 mol / L to 1.6 mol / L. The acid solution can be one or a mixture of hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, and phosphoric acid, and the concentration of the acid solution can be selected from the range of 0.08 mol / L to 3.2 mol / L, preferably from 0.6 mol / L to 1.8 mol / L.

[0029] In another embodiment, the frequency of the ultrasonic oscillation can be selected in the range of 18 kHz to 68 kHz, preferably 28 kHz to 42 kHz. The ultrasonic power density can be 0.2 W / cm². 3 Up to 1.8W / cm 3 The concentration can be selected within a range, preferably from 0.6 W / cm³ to 1.2 W / cm³. The treatment time for alkaline solutions can be selected within a range of 15 minutes to 180 minutes, preferably from 45 minutes to 90 minutes; the treatment time for acidic solutions can be selected within a range of 20 minutes to 240 minutes, preferably from 60 minutes to 120 minutes.

[0030] In a preferred embodiment, the reaction vessel is made of a corrosion-resistant material, such as 316L stainless steel, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyethylene, or titanium alloy. The volume of the reaction vessel can be selected according to the amount of activated carbon to be treated, and the mass ratio of activated carbon to the treatment liquid can be selected in the range of 1:3 to 1:12, preferably 1:5 to 1:8. The bottom of the reaction vessel is provided with multiple evenly distributed fine through holes for uniform dispersion of the solution.

[0031] In another preferred embodiment, the ultrasonic device may employ one or more transducers, which are uniformly arranged circumferentially along the reaction vessel. The number of ultrasonic transducers can be determined according to the size of the reaction vessel, generally from 2 to 8, preferably from 4 to 6. A coupling agent can be used for sound wave transmission between the transducers and the reaction vessel; the coupling agent may be silicone oil, glycerin, or a special coupling adhesive, etc.

[0032] In practice, the activated carbon to be regenerated can be pretreated before being loaded into the reaction vessel. Pretreatment includes: drying the activated carbon at a temperature between 40℃ and 85℃ for 8 to 24 hours to remove surface moisture; and sieving the activated carbon using a vibrating screen to remove powdery particles and ensure uniform particle size. During the treatment, a jacket can be installed outside the reaction vessel, and cooling water can be circulated to control the reaction temperature within the range of 15℃ to 45℃.

[0033] In one implementation scenario, the deionized water rinsing process can employ a multi-stage countercurrent rinsing method, with the conductivity of the rinsing water serving as the criterion for determining the rinsing endpoint. Specifically, when the difference between the conductivity of the final stage rinsing water and the conductivity of the original deionized water is less than 5 μS / cm, the rinsing is considered to have met the requirements. During the rinsing process, intermittent ultrasonic assistance can be used to improve the rinsing effect.

[0034] In another implementation scenario, the activated carbon, after acid and alkali treatment and cleaning, is dried using vacuum drying or hot air drying. Vacuum drying conditions are: temperature 75℃ to 95℃, vacuum degree -0.085MPa to -0.095MPa, and drying time 4 to 12 hours. Hot air drying conditions are: temperature 95℃ to 125℃, and drying time 6 to 16 hours. During the drying process, a programmed temperature increase method can be used to avoid damage to the activated carbon structure due to rapid temperature rise.

[0035] In a preferred embodiment, the treated waste acid and waste alkali solutions can be recycled. Specifically, this includes: filtering and concentrating the waste alkali solution, adjusting it to the required concentration, and then recycling it; and purifying the waste acid solution through filtration and distillation before recycling. The filtration device can be a bag filter or a precision filter with a filtration accuracy of 1 μm to 10 μm.

[0036] In practice, the treatment conditions can be adjusted appropriately based on the properties of the activated carbon and the type of pollutants. For activated carbon that primarily adsorbs organic matter, the alkaline solution treatment time can be extended; for activated carbon that adsorbs inorganic matter or heavy metal ions, the concentration of the acid solution and the treatment time can be increased. During the treatment process, the optimal treatment conditions and endpoint can be determined by periodically sampling and testing indicators such as the specific surface area, iodine value, and methylene blue value of the activated carbon.

[0037] In addition, during the treatment process, the treatment solution can be stirred using a stirring device at a speed of 50-200 rpm. Stirring enhances the contact between the solution and activated carbon, promoting the desorption of pollutants. In one embodiment, a paddle stirrer is used, with a stirring speed of 100 rpm.

[0038] After treatment, the activated carbon is rinsed sequentially with deionized water until the pH of the rinsing solution is within the range of 6-8. The rinsing process can also be carried out under ultrasonic vibration to improve the rinsing effect. The rinsed activated carbon can be reused after drying at 105℃ for 4-8 hours.

[0039] The method of the present invention can also include a pretreatment step as needed. In one embodiment, the activated carbon to be treated can be pretreated, including rinsing with water to remove surface dust and pre-drying to remove surface moisture. Pretreatment can improve the effect of subsequent treatment.

[0040] In another embodiment, the method of the present invention for treating large-particle activated carbon involves first crushing it into smaller particles, and then reprocessing it into activated carbon of the desired particle size through granulation. This method can improve processing efficiency, but it requires additional crushing and granulation steps.

[0041] In industrial applications, the method of this invention can be used in a continuous processing manner. In one embodiment, multiple processing units connected in series are provided, including an alkaline solution processing unit, an acid solution processing unit, a washing unit, and a drying unit. Each unit is equipped with an ultrasonic generator, and activated carbon is sequentially transported to each processing unit through a conveying system to achieve continuous processing.

[0042] In continuous processing, the process can be monitored in real time via an online monitoring system. Monitoring parameters include solution pH, temperature, and ultrasonic parameters. Process parameters are automatically adjusted based on the monitoring results, achieving automated control of the process. This invention can also be used to treat activated carbon with different matrices, such as coal-based activated carbon, wood-based activated carbon, and fruit shell activated carbon. For activated carbon with different matrices, good regeneration results can be achieved by adjusting the treatment parameters. In industrial applications, the treated alkaline and acidic solutions can be recycled. In one embodiment, a filtration device is used to remove suspended solids from the solution, and the concentration is adjusted by adding fresh solution before recycling. This method reduces treatment costs and wastewater discharge.

[0043] Furthermore, in one implementation scenario, ultrasonic coupling treatment is performed during the alkaline solution immersion process: The activated carbon to be regenerated is placed in an alkali-resistant polytetrafluoroethylene reaction vessel. The inner wall of the vessel is specially polished to reduce ultrasonic reflection loss. A 2.35 mol / L sodium hydroxide solution is added to the vessel, with the liquid-to-solid ratio controlled at 8.6:1. The reaction vessel is placed in a KQ-300DE type CNC ultrasonic cleaner, which has precise temperature control, a working frequency of 40 kHz, and a maximum power of 300 W. The ultrasonic output power is dynamically adjusted using the following formula: P(t)=P0[1+α·sin(2πft)]·exp(-βt), where P(t) represents the actual output power at time t, P0 represents the reference power, which is 197.5 W, α represents the amplitude modulation coefficient, which is 0.23, f represents the modulation frequency, which is 0.167 Hz, and β represents the attenuation coefficient, which is 0.0052 s. -1 t represents time. This formula ensures that the ultrasonic energy remains optimally distributed throughout the reaction process, improving the solution's efficiency in removing contaminants.

[0044] The reaction temperature was increased using a gradient heating mode: the initial temperature was set at 32.7℃, and increased by 2.8℃ every 17 minutes until the final temperature of 48.9℃ was reached. During the heating process, the pH value of the solution gradually decreased as the reaction proceeded. When the pH value dropped to 11.8, an appropriate amount of sodium hydroxide solution was added to maintain the pH value within the range of 12.3-12.7. The entire alkali treatment process lasted 127 minutes, during which the position of the reaction vessel was fine-tuned every 31 minutes to ensure uniform distribution of the ultrasonic field.

[0045] Ultrasonic coupling treatment during acid solution immersion: The activated carbon, after alkali treatment, was rinsed with deoxygenated deionized water until neutral, and surface free moisture was quickly removed using vacuum filtration. The pretreated activated carbon was transferred to an acid-resistant polyetheretherketone (PEEK) reactor, and preheated 1.87 mol / L hydrochloric acid solution was added, adjusting the liquid-to-solid ratio to 7.8:1. The reactor was placed in a CHXD-3120LF ultrasonic treatment device equipped with a dual-frequency generator, which can simultaneously output ultrasonic waves at 28 kHz and 44 kHz. The output intensity of the dual-frequency ultrasound was precisely adjusted using the following coupling control equation: I(t) = I1·cos 2 (ωt)+I2·sin 2 (ωt)+k·I1·I2·sin(2ωt), where I(t) represents the synthesized ultrasonic intensity at time t, and I1 represents the reference ultrasonic intensity at 28kHz, with a value of 0.68W / cm². 2 ω represents the modulation angular frequency, with a value of 0.0314 rad / s, and I2 represents the ultrasonic reference intensity at 44 kHz, with a value of 0.82 W / cm². 2 , where k represents the coupling coefficient, with a value of 0.237. This equation achieves synergistic enhancement of the two ultrasonic frequencies, improving the desorption efficiency of pollutants.

[0046] The temperature control during the acid treatment process employs a stepped cooling strategy: the initial temperature is 41.3℃, decreasing by 3.1℃ every 23 minutes until the final temperature of 29.7℃ is reached. During this process, to prevent the formation of a passivation layer on the activated carbon surface, which could affect the regeneration effect, the stirring speed needs to be calculated according to the following equation: Where v(t) represents the stirring speed at time t, v0 represents the initial stirring speed (162 rpm), γ represents the temperature compensation coefficient (0.183), T0 represents the initial temperature, T(t) represents the temperature at time t, η0 represents the initial viscosity, and η(t) represents the viscosity at time t. Dynamic adjustment of the stirring speed ensures the stability of the mass transfer effect.

[0047] The entire acid treatment process lasted 108 minutes, during which the solution conductivity was monitored every 27 minutes. When the rate of change in conductivity was less than 0.05 mS / (cm·min), the desorption process was considered essentially complete. After treatment, the activated carbon was transferred to a Buchner funnel and rinsed sequentially with 0.82 mol / L dilute hydrochloric acid and deoxygenated deionized water until the pH of the washing solution reached the range of 6.8-7.2. Finally, the activated carbon was dried in a vacuum drying oven at 83°C for 4.7 hours to obtain regenerated activated carbon.

[0048] In summary, this application's embodiments effectively remove various pollutants from activated carbon and restore its adsorption performance through a combination of alkali and acid treatment. Furthermore, the adsorption performance of activated carbon is efficiently restored during the acid-alkali treatment process using ultrasound, increasing its adsorption capacity and specific surface area. Specifically, a dual-frequency and dynamically adjustable ultrasonic coupling system significantly improves the efficiency of the chemical regeneration process. By precisely controlling the reaction temperature, pH value, and stirring speed, deep desorption of pollutants is achieved, with the mechanical strength loss of activated carbon less than 3.7%. This method is simple to operate and requires moderate equipment investment. Activated carbon treated by this method can recover its specific surface area to more than 92.3% of its original value, and its total pore volume recovery rate reaches 88.7%, demonstrating excellent reusability in practical applications.

[0049] Furthermore, this application embodiment also provides an activated carbon regeneration device based on ultrasonic coupling, comprising: a processor, a memory, and a system bus; the processor and the memory are connected via the system bus; the memory is used to store one or more programs, the one or more programs including instructions, which, when executed by the processor, cause the processor to perform any of the methods described above.

[0050] Furthermore, this application also provides a computer program product that, when run on a terminal device, causes the terminal device to execute any of the methods described above.

[0051] As can be seen from the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that all or part of the steps in the methods of the above embodiments can be implemented by means of software plus necessary general-purpose hardware platforms. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this application, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product can be stored in a storage medium, such as ROM / RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk, etc., and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network communication device such as a media gateway, etc.) to execute the methods described in various embodiments or some parts of the embodiments of this application.

[0052] It should be noted that the various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on the differences from other embodiments. Similar or identical parts between embodiments can be referred to interchangeably. For the apparatus disclosed in the embodiments, since it corresponds to the method disclosed in the embodiments, the description is relatively simple; relevant parts can be referred to in the method section.

[0053] It should also be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0054] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to make or use this application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of this application. Therefore, this application is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A method for regenerating activated carbon based on ultrasonic coupling, characterized in that, include: The activated carbon to be regenerated is loaded into a reaction vessel, and the target alkaline solution is added. The vessel is then placed in a temperature-controlled ultrasonic device for vibration treatment. Adjust the pH of the solution in the reaction vessel and control the uniform distribution of ultrasound. After treatment, drain the solution and rinse the reactants until neutral. The reactants were transferred to an acid-resistant reactor and a preheated acidic solution was added, followed by vibration treatment in a dual-frequency ultrasonic device. The reactor is cooled and the stirring speed is adjusted. After the conductivity is monitored to a set value, the reactants are transferred, rinsed, and vacuum dried to obtain regenerated activated carbon.

2. The activated carbon regeneration method according to claim 1, characterized in that, in, The activated carbon to be regenerated is loaded into a reaction vessel, and the target alkaline solution is added. The vessel is then placed in a temperature-controlled ultrasonic device for vibration treatment, including: The activated carbon to be regenerated is loaded into a reaction vessel, the material of which includes polished polytetrafluoroethylene; Add the target alkaline solution to the reaction vessel to ensure that the solution is in full contact with the activated carbon; The reaction vessel is placed in an ultrasonic device with temperature control function; The temperature of the reaction vessel is adjusted by gradient heating, and the power of the ultrasonic device is dynamically controlled to achieve periodic oscillation.

3. The activated carbon regeneration method according to claim 1, characterized in that, in, Adjusting the pH of the solution in the reaction vessel and controlling the uniform distribution of ultrasound, followed by draining the solution and rinsing the reactants until neutral, includes: Monitor the pH of the solution in the reaction vessel and maintain the pH by adding alkaline solution; The position of the reaction vessel is adjusted periodically to control the uniform distribution of the ultrasonic field. After treatment, drain the alkaline solution; The reactants were rinsed with deoxygenated deionized water until neutral and then vacuum filtered.

4. The activated carbon regeneration method according to claim 1, characterized in that, in, The reactants are transferred to an acid-resistant reactor, and a preheated acidic solution is added. The reactor is then subjected to vibration treatment in a dual-frequency ultrasonic device, including: The reactants treated with alkali are transferred to an acid-resistant reactor, the reactor being made of polyetheretherketone (PEEK). A preheated acidic solution is added to the reactor; The reactor is placed in an ultrasonic treatment device equipped with a dual-frequency generator; The dual-frequency generator is turned on, and ultrasonic waves of two frequencies are output simultaneously for processing.

5. The activated carbon regeneration method according to claim 1, characterized in that, in, The reactor is cooled and the stirring speed is adjusted. After the conductivity reaches a set value, the reactants are transferred, rinsed, and vacuum dried to obtain regenerated activated carbon, comprising: The reactor temperature is controlled using a stepped cooling strategy; Adjust the stirring speed according to temperature changes; The conductivity of the acidic solution is periodically monitored until it reaches the set value; The reactants were transferred to a Buchner funnel, rinsed with deoxygenated deionized water, and dried in a vacuum drying oven to obtain regenerated activated carbon.

6. The activated carbon regeneration method according to claim 2, characterized in that, in, Dynamically controlling the power of the ultrasonic device to achieve periodic oscillation includes: P(t)=P0[1+α·sin(2πft)]·exp(-βt), Where P(t) represents the actual output power at time t, P0 represents the reference power (197.5W), α represents the amplitude modulation coefficient (0.23), f represents the modulation frequency (0.167Hz), and β represents the attenuation coefficient (0.0052s). -1 t represents time.

7. The activated carbon regeneration method according to claim 4, characterized in that, in, The dual-frequency generator is activated, simultaneously outputting ultrasonic waves of two frequencies for processing, including: I(t) = I1·cos 2 (ωt)+I2·sin 2 (ωt)+k·I1·I2·sin(2ωt), Where I(t) represents the synthetic ultrasonic intensity at time t, and I1 represents the reference ultrasonic intensity at 28 kHz, with a value of 0.68 W / cm². 2 ω represents the modulation angular frequency, with a value of 0.0314 rad / s, and I2 represents the ultrasonic reference intensity at 44 kHz, with a value of 0.82 W / cm². 2 k represents the coupling coefficient, with a value of 0.

237.

8. The activated carbon regeneration method according to claim 5, characterized in that, in, Adjusting the stirring speed according to temperature changes includes: Where v(t) represents the stirring speed at time t, v0 represents the initial stirring speed with a value of 162 rpm, γ represents the temperature compensation coefficient with a value of 0.183, T0 represents the initial temperature, T(t) represents the temperature at time t, η0 represents the initial viscosity, and η(t) represents the viscosity at time t.

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