Dark spot repair method, display panel, and display device
By using nested laser sub-patterns on the display panel for dark spot repair, the problems of poor repair effect and low efficiency in the existing technology are solved, achieving efficient and reliable dark spot repair and ensuring the normal light emission of the display panel.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- KUNSHAN GO VISIONOX OPTO ELECTRONICS CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2025-03-05
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-04
Smart Images
Figure CN2025080831_04062026_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
Dark spot repair methods, display panels and display devices
[0001] Cross-reference to related applications
[0002] This application claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 2024117308028, filed on November 28, 2024, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. [Technical Field]
[0003] This application relates to the field of display technology, and in particular to a method for repairing dark spots, a display panel, and a display device. [Background Technology]
[0004] During the manufacturing process of a display panel, sometimes pixels may fail to emit light properly, resulting in dark spots on the screen. Therefore, it is necessary to repair the pixels that fail to emit light properly.
[0005] [Application Content]
[0006] This application provides a dark spot repair method, a display panel, and a display device, which can improve both the effect and efficiency of dark spot repair.
[0007] The first technical solution provided in this application is: a dark spot repair method, the method comprising: identifying dark spot pixels in a display panel, wherein the display panel includes a substrate, and the dark spot pixel includes a first electrode, a light-emitting material layer, and a second electrode sequentially stacked in a direction away from the substrate; generating a laser pattern, wherein the laser pattern includes a plurality of laser sub-patterns nested from the inside out, the energy of the laser sub-patterns being less than the ablation energy of the second electrode; and irradiating the second electrode of the dark spot pixel with the laser pattern to repair the dark spot pixel.
[0008] The centers of multiple laser sub-patterns overlap.
[0009] Among them, multiple laser sub-patterns have the same shape.
[0010] The laser sub-patterns are spaced at equal intervals.
[0011] Among them, multiple laser sub-patterns are circular ring laser sub-patterns.
[0012] The laser sub-pattern has a first notch.
[0013] The laser sub-pattern has at least two of the first notches.
[0014] The laser sub-pattern has at least two lines connecting them that pass through the first gap at the center of the laser sub-pattern.
[0015] The laser sub-pattern has two of the first notches.
[0016] The first gaps in the plurality of laser sub-patterns are arranged along the same straight line direction.
[0017] The laser pattern is a green laser pattern.
[0018] The first electrode is the anode, and the second electrode is the cathode.
[0019] The step of generating the laser pattern includes: determining target parameters of the laser pattern based on the size of the dark pixel, wherein the target parameters include at least one of the size, spacing, and number of multiple laser sub-patterns; and generating the laser pattern based on the target parameters.
[0020] The spacing between two adjacent laser sub-patterns ranges from 1 micrometer to 1.3 micrometers.
[0021] The second technical solution provided in this application is: to provide a display panel, the display panel including: a substrate; a light-emitting layer disposed on one side of the substrate, including light-emitting pixels, the light-emitting pixels including a first electrode, a light-emitting material layer and a second electrode disposed sequentially in a direction away from the substrate, wherein the surface of the second electrode away from the first electrode is provided with laser traces, the laser traces including a plurality of laser sub-traces nested from the inside to the outside, the depth of the laser sub-traces being less than the thickness of the second electrode.
[0022] The centers of multiple laser sub-traces overlap.
[0023] Among them, multiple laser sub-traces have the same shape.
[0024] The laser sub-traces are arranged at equal intervals.
[0025] Among them, multiple laser sub-traces are circular ring laser sub-traces.
[0026] The laser sub-mark has a second notch.
[0027] The laser sub-mark has at least two second notches.
[0028] The laser sub-mark has at least two lines connecting them that pass through the second gap at the center of the laser sub-mark.
[0029] The laser sub-mark has two second notches.
[0030] The second notches in the plurality of laser sub-marks are arranged along the same straight line direction.
[0031] The spacing between two adjacent laser sub-traces ranges from 1 micrometer to 1.3 micrometers;
[0032] The depth range of the laser sub-traces is 40 angstroms to 50 angstroms;
[0033] The first electrode is the anode, and the second electrode is the cathode.
[0034] A third aspect of this application provides a display device including the display panel provided in any of the above embodiments.
[0035] The beneficial effects are as follows: When repairing dark pixels using laser irradiation, the generated laser pattern includes multiple laser sub-patterns nested from the inside out. Therefore, during laser irradiation, if a conductive foreign object in the dark pixel is irradiated by a laser sub-pattern, at least the conductive foreign object in contact with the second electrode will be dissolved. If the conductive foreign object is not irradiated by a laser sub-pattern, it will most likely be located between two adjacent laser sub-patterns. In this case, the heat generated by the two adjacent laser sub-patterns will be transferred to the conductive foreign object, which can also dissolve at least the conductive foreign object in contact with the second electrode. At the same time, the nested arrangement of multiple laser sub-patterns can also reduce the damage to the second electrode caused by laser irradiation. Therefore, the dark pixel repair method provided by this application can improve both the effect and efficiency of dark pixel repair. [Attached Image Description]
[0036] Figure 1 is a flowchart illustrating one embodiment of the dark spot repair method of this application;
[0037] Figure 2 is a structural schematic diagram of one embodiment of the display panel of this application;
[0038] Figure 3 is a structural schematic diagram of the first embodiment of the laser pattern of this application;
[0039] Figure 4 is a structural schematic diagram of the second embodiment of the laser pattern of this application;
[0040] Figure 5 is a structural schematic diagram of the third embodiment of the laser pattern of this application;
[0041] Figure 6 is a structural schematic diagram of the fourth embodiment of the laser pattern of this application;
[0042] Figure 7 is a structural schematic diagram of the first embodiment of the laser trace in this application;
[0043] Figure 8 is a structural schematic diagram of the second embodiment of the laser trace in this application.
Detailed Implementation Methods
[0044] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.
[0045] It should be noted that the terms "first" and "second" in this application are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this application, "multiple" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that includes a series of steps or units is not limited to the listed steps or units, but may optionally include steps or units not listed, or may optionally include other steps or units inherent to these processes, methods, products, or apparatuses.
[0046] Referring to Figure 1, which is a flowchart illustrating an embodiment of the dark spot repair method of this application, the method includes:
[0047] S11: Determine the dark pixel in the display panel.
[0048] Referring to Figure 2, the display panel includes a substrate 110 and a light-emitting layer 120 disposed on one side of the substrate 110. The light-emitting layer 120 includes a plurality of light-emitting pixels 121. Each light-emitting pixel 121 includes a first electrode 1211, a light-emitting material layer 1212, and a second electrode 1213 sequentially stacked in a direction away from the substrate 110. In one embodiment, the first electrode 1211 is an anode and the second electrode 1213 is a cathode. In other embodiments, the first electrode 1211 may be a cathode and the second electrode 1213 may be an anode.
[0049] Dark pixels refer to light-emitting pixels 121 in the light-emitting layer 120 that fail to emit light normally after the display panel is lit. A possible reason for the failure of light-emitting pixels 121 to emit light normally is that during the manufacturing process, conductive foreign matter appears on the first electrode 1211 (for example, oxidation of the film layer in the first electrode 1211, resulting in the precipitation of conductive foreign matter). As subsequent film layers are stacked, the conductive foreign matter punctures the film layer above the first electrode 1211 and comes into contact with the second electrode 1213, causing a short circuit between the first electrode 1211 and the second electrode 1213, thus preventing the light-emitting pixel 121 from emitting light normally. Therefore, to repair dark pixels, it is necessary to ablate the conductive foreign matter, interrupting the electrical connection between the conductive foreign matter and the second electrode 1213. For ease of explanation, dark pixels will be labeled as 122 below.
[0050] In one embodiment, the display panel can be illuminated, and an optical inspection device can be used to detect whether each pixel in the display panel is emitting light normally, identifying pixels that are not emitting light normally as dark pixels. The optical inspection device includes, but is not limited to, a luminance meter, a photoresistor, and a charge-coupled device.
[0051] Referring to Figure 2, the display panel may further include structures such as a driving circuit layer 130, a pixel definition layer 140, and an encapsulation layer 150. The driving circuit layer 130, the pixel definition layer 140, and the encapsulation layer 150 are all existing structures and will not be described in detail here.
[0052] S12: Generate a laser pattern, wherein the laser pattern includes multiple laser sub-patterns nested from the inside out, and the energy of the laser sub-patterns is less than the ablation energy of the second electrode.
[0053] S13: Use a laser pattern to illuminate the second electrode of the dark pixel to repair the dark pixel.
[0054] In the process of repairing dark spots, related technologies typically require adjusting the laser spot to match the size of the conductive foreign object in order to dissolve it. The laser spot is also manually aligned with the foreign object. The success rate of this repair method is related to the operator, and the actual mass production efficiency is extremely low. Moreover, the yield fluctuates greatly, and the controllability is poor. It may also cause the laser spot to break down the second electrode 1213, resulting in the light-emitting pixel 121 lacking part of the light-emitting area after repair, and the repair effect is poor.
[0055] Referring to Figure 3, Figure 3 shows that the laser pattern 10 of this application illuminates the dark pixel 122. The laser pattern 10 includes multiple laser sub-patterns 111. The multiple laser sub-patterns 111 are spaced apart and nested. The energy of the laser sub-patterns 111 is less than the ablation energy of the second electrode 1213, that is, the second electrode 1213 will not be penetrated by the laser sub-patterns 111.
[0056] Meanwhile, the energy of the laser sub-pattern 111 is greater than the ablation energy of the conductive foreign object in the dark pixel 122. After the laser pattern 10 is irradiated onto the second electrode 1213 of the dark pixel 122, if the conductive foreign object in the dark pixel 122 is irradiated by the laser sub-pattern 111, at least the conductive foreign object in contact with the second electrode 1213 will be ablated. However, if the conductive foreign object is not irradiated by the laser sub-pattern 111, it will most likely be located between two adjacent laser sub-patterns 111. In this case, the heat generated by the two adjacent laser sub-patterns 111 will be transferred to the conductive foreign object. Furthermore, the method can at least dissolve conductive foreign objects that are in contact with the second electrode 1213. Therefore, the dark spot repair method of this application can repair dark spot pixels 122 without considering the size, shape, or position of conductive foreign objects. It can be automated without manual repair. At the same time, the nested arrangement of multiple laser sub-patterns 111 can reduce the damage to the second electrode 1213 caused by laser irradiation, prevent the entire second electrode 1213 from failing, and improve the reliability of repair. Therefore, the dark spot repair method provided by this application can improve both the effect and efficiency of dark spot repair.
[0057] Furthermore, after the laser irradiates the second electrode 1213 of the dark pixel 122, the laser generates heat, and the light-emitting material layer 1212 will expand after absorbing the heat. Therefore, as the light-emitting material layer 1212 expands, the distance between the second electrode 1213 and the first electrode 1211 will increase. This can also prevent the second electrode 1213 from contacting conductive foreign objects to a certain extent, reduce the probability of short circuit between the first electrode 1211 and the second electrode 1213, and achieve the purpose of repairing the dark pixel 122.
[0058] It is understandable that after the second electrode 1213 of the dark pixel 122 is irradiated with the laser pattern 10, a laser mark (not shown) will be left on the second electrode 1213. The shape of the laser mark will match the shape of the laser pattern 10. That is, the laser mark includes multiple laser sub-marks nested from the inside out, and the depth of the laser sub-marks is less than the thickness of the second electrode 1213. In other words, the laser sub-marks will not penetrate the second electrode 1213.
[0059] In one embodiment, the depth range of the laser sub-mark is 40 angstroms to 50 angstroms, for example, the depth range of the laser sub-mark is 40 angstroms, 45 angstroms or 50 angstroms, etc.
[0060] Referring again to Figure 3, in one embodiment, the centers of the multiple laser sub-patterns 111 coincide, that is, the multiple laser sub-patterns 111 are concentrically arranged. Correspondingly, the centers of the multiple laser sub-traces coincide. Of course, in other embodiments, the centers of the multiple laser sub-patterns 111 may not coincide, and the specific arrangement can be made according to actual needs.
[0061] Referring again to Figure 3, the multiple laser sub-patterns 111 have the same shape, and correspondingly, the multiple laser sub-traces have the same shape. In other embodiments, as shown in Figure 4, the multiple laser sub-patterns 111 may also have different shapes, and correspondingly, the multiple laser sub-traces may also have different shapes.
[0062] Referring again to Figure 3, the multiple laser sub-patterns 111 are spaced equally to improve the success rate of ablation of conductive foreign objects located between two adjacent laser sub-patterns 111. Correspondingly, the multiple laser sub-traces are spaced equally. In other embodiments, as shown in Figure 4, the multiple laser sub-patterns 111 may not be spaced equally, and correspondingly, the multiple laser sub-traces may also not be spaced equally.
[0063] Referring again to Figure 3, the multiple laser sub-patterns 111 are all circular ring laser sub-patterns, and correspondingly, the multiple laser sub-traces are all circular ring laser sub-traces. Of course, in other embodiments, the multiple laser sub-patterns 111 can also be rectangular or triangular laser sub-patterns, which can be set according to actual needs.
[0064] Referring to Figure 5, in one embodiment, the laser sub-pattern 111 has a first notch 1111. Specifically, since the laser sub-pattern 111 has the first notch 1111, the laser sub-trace also has a notch. The notch in the laser sub-trace is defined as the second notch, so that the second electrode 1213 located inside the laser sub-trace and the second electrode 1213 located outside the laser sub-trace will form an electrical connection at the second notch, further preventing partial failure of the second electrode 1213 of the light-emitting pixel 121 and ensuring the light-emitting area of the light-emitting pixel 121. At the same time, when encountering laser energy fluctuations or changes in the thickness of the second electrode 1213, even if the laser sub-pattern 111 penetrates the second electrode 1213, that is, the laser sub-trace penetrates the second electrode 1213, the setting of the first notch 1111 and the second notch can still allow the second electrode 1213 located inside the laser sub-trace and the second electrode 1213 located outside the laser sub-trace to still form an electrical connection, which can preserve the light-emitting capability of the light-emitting pixel 121 and ensure that the light-emitting efficiency of the display panel still meets the requirements. It is understandable that if the laser sub-pattern 111 penetrates the second electrode 1213, the area of the second electrode 1213 that is not illuminated by the laser sub-pattern 111 can still maintain a connection with the first electrode 1211. After repair, the corresponding area of the dark pixel 122 can still emit light normally.
[0065] The width of the second gap (1111) can be adjusted according to actual needs and is not limited here.
[0066] Referring again to Figure 5, in one embodiment, the laser sub-pattern 111 has at least two first notches 1111, and correspondingly, the laser sub-trace has at least two second notches. This arrangement further ensures the electrical connection between the second electrode 1213 located inside the laser sub-trace and the second electrode 1213 located outside the laser sub-trace. It should be noted that in other embodiments, the laser sub-pattern 111 may also have only one first notch 1111.
[0067] Referring again to Figure 5, in one embodiment, the laser sub-pattern 111 has at least two lines connecting it to each other passing through a first gap 1111 at the center of the laser sub-pattern 111. Correspondingly, the laser sub-trace has at least two lines connecting it to each other passing through a second gap at the center of the laser sub-trace. This arrangement can further prevent the second electrode 1213 from failing.
[0068] Referring again to Figure 5, in one embodiment, the laser sub-pattern 111 has two first notches 1111, and correspondingly, the laser sub-trace has two second notches. It should be noted that in other embodiments, the laser sub-pattern 111 may also have three, four, or even more first notches 1111. For example, in Figure 6, the laser sub-pattern 111 has three first notches 1111.
[0069] Referring again to Figure 5, in one embodiment, the first gaps 1111 of the plurality of laser sub-patterns 111 are arranged along the same straight line direction, and correspondingly, the second gaps of the plurality of laser sub-traces are arranged along the same straight line direction.
[0070] In one embodiment, the laser pattern 10 is a green laser pattern. Specifically, considering that green laser has strong penetrating power and can effectively dissolve conductive foreign objects, the laser pattern 10 is set to be a green laser pattern. However, in other embodiments, the laser pattern 10 may also be a blue laser pattern, a red laser pattern, or a laser pattern of other colors, which will not be listed here.
[0071] In one embodiment, step S12, generating the laser pattern, includes:
[0072] S121: Determine the target parameters of the laser pattern based on the size of the dark pixel. The target parameters include at least one of the size, spacing, and number of multiple laser sub-patterns.
[0073] S122: Generate a laser pattern based on the target parameters.
[0074] Specifically, the dimensions (including at least one parameter of width, inner diameter, and outer diameter), spacing, and number of the plurality of laser sub-patterns 11 in the laser pattern 10 are all generated based on the dimensions of the dark pixel 122 (specifically, the surface area of the second electrode 1213). In one embodiment, the larger the size of the dark pixel 122, the larger the outer diameter of the laser sub-pattern 111. In one embodiment, the larger the size of the dark pixel 122, the greater the number of laser sub-patterns 111. In one embodiment, the larger the size of the dark pixel 122, the greater the spacing between two adjacent laser sub-patterns 111.
[0075] Determining the target parameters of the laser pattern 10 based on the size of the dark pixel 122 can ensure the ablation effect and ablation efficiency.
[0076] In one embodiment, the spacing between two adjacent laser sub-patterns 111 ranges from 1 micrometer to 1.3 micrometers. For example, the spacing between two adjacent laser sub-patterns 111 can range from 1 micrometer, 1.1 micrometer, 1.2 micrometer, or 1.3 micrometers. This arrangement can maximize the ablation of conductive foreign matter in contact with the second electrode 1213. Correspondingly, the spacing between two adjacent laser sub-traces also ranges from 1 micrometer to 1.3 micrometers.
[0077] In one embodiment, the width of the first notch 1111 provided in the laser sub-pattern 111 can also be determined according to the size of the dark pixel 122. For example, in one embodiment, the larger the size of the dark pixel 122, the larger the width of the first notch 1111 provided in the laser sub-pattern 111.
[0078] It should be noted that, in other embodiments, the size, spacing, and number of the plurality of laser sub-patterns 111 in the laser pattern 10 can be preset. These can be selected according to actual needs and are not limited here.
[0079] This application also includes a display panel repaired using the above-described repair method. Referring to Figures 2 and 7, the display panel includes a substrate 110 and a light-emitting layer 120.
[0080] The substrate 110 plays a supporting role in the display panel. It can be a flexible substrate or a rigid substrate. When the substrate 110 is a flexible substrate, its material can be polyimide (PI). When the substrate 110 is a rigid substrate, its material can be glass or metal. This application does not limit the structure of the substrate 110.
[0081] The light-emitting layer 120 is disposed on one side of the substrate 110 and includes a light-emitting pixel 121. The light-emitting pixel 121 includes a first electrode 1211, a light-emitting material layer 1212 and a second electrode 1213 arranged sequentially in the direction away from the substrate 110. The surface of the second electrode 1213 away from the first electrode 1211 is provided with a laser trace 20. The laser trace 20 includes a plurality of laser sub-traces 211 nested from the inside to the outside. The depth of the laser trace 20 is less than the thickness of the second electrode 1213.
[0082] In one embodiment, referring to FIG7, the centers of the plurality of laser sub-traces 211 coincide.
[0083] In one embodiment, referring to FIG7, the multiple laser sub-traces 211 have the same shape.
[0084] In one embodiment, referring to FIG7, the plurality of laser sub-traces 211 are arranged at equal intervals.
[0085] In one embodiment, referring to FIG7, the plurality of laser sub-traces 211 are all circular ring laser sub-traces 211.
[0086] In one embodiment, the first electrode 1211 is the anode and the second electrode 1213 is the cathode.
[0087] In one embodiment, referring to FIG8, the laser sub-mark 211 is provided with a second notch 2111.
[0088] In one embodiment, referring to FIG8, the laser sub-mark 211 is provided with at least two second notches 2111.
[0089] In one embodiment, referring to FIG8, the laser sub-mark 211 has at least two connecting lines passing through a second notch 2111 at the center of the laser sub-mark 211.
[0090] In one embodiment, referring to FIG8, the laser sub-mark 211 is provided with two second notches 2111.
[0091] In one embodiment, referring to FIG8, the second notches 2111 of the plurality of laser sub-marks 211 are arranged along the same straight line direction.
[0092] The laser trace 20 is entirely determined by the laser pattern 10. Therefore, the shape of the laser trace 20 corresponds to the shape of the laser pattern 10. For details, please refer to the above description.
[0093] In addition, this application also includes a display device, which includes the display panel in any of the above embodiments. For the specific structure, please refer to the relevant content above. The display device can be any device with limited functions, such as a mobile phone, computer, or game console, and is not limited here.
[0094] The above description is merely an embodiment of this application and does not limit the patent scope of this application. Any equivalent structural or procedural transformations made using the content of this application's specification and drawings, or direct or indirect applications in other related technical fields, are similarly included within the patent protection scope of this application.
Claims
1. A display panel, comprising: Substrate; A light-emitting layer is disposed on one side of the substrate and includes a light-emitting pixel. The light-emitting pixel includes a first electrode, a light-emitting material layer and a second electrode disposed sequentially in a direction away from the substrate. The second electrode has laser traces on its surface opposite to the first electrode. The laser traces include multiple laser sub-traces nested from the inside out, and the depth of the laser sub-traces is less than the thickness of the second electrode.
2. The display panel according to claim 1, wherein, The centers of the multiple laser sub-traces coincide.
3. The display panel according to claim 1, wherein, The multiple laser sub-traces have the same shape.
4. The display panel according to claim 1, wherein, All of the laser sub-traces are circular ring laser sub-traces.
5. The display panel according to claim 1, wherein, The multiple laser sub-traces are spaced at equal intervals.
6. The display panel according to claim 1, wherein, The laser sub-mark has a second notch.
7. The display panel according to claim 6, wherein, The laser sub-mark has at least two second gaps, and at least two of the laser sub-marks have a line connecting them that passes through the center of the second gap.
8. The display panel according to claim 6, wherein, The laser sub-mark has two second notches, and the second notches of the plurality of laser sub-marks are arranged along the same straight line direction.
9. The display panel according to claim 1, wherein, The spacing between two adjacent laser sub-traces ranges from 1 micrometer to 1.3 micrometers; and / or, the depth of the laser sub-traces ranges from 40 angstroms to 50 angstroms; and / or, the first electrode is an anode and the second electrode is a cathode.
10. A display device comprising a display panel as described in any one of claims 1-9.
11. A method for dark spot repair, the method comprising: Identify dark pixels in a display panel, wherein the display panel includes a substrate, and the dark pixel includes a first electrode, a light-emitting material layer, and a second electrode sequentially stacked in a direction away from the substrate; A laser pattern is generated, wherein the laser pattern includes multiple laser sub-patterns nested from the inside out, and the energy of the laser sub-patterns is less than the ablation energy of the second electrode; The second electrode of the dark pixel is irradiated with the laser pattern to repair the dark pixel.
12. The method according to claim 11, wherein, The centers of the multiple laser sub-patterns coincide.
13. The method according to claim 11, wherein, The multiple laser sub-patterns have the same shape.
14. The method according to claim 11, wherein, All of the laser sub-patterns are circular ring laser sub-patterns.
15. The method according to claim 11, wherein, The laser sub-patterns are spaced at equal intervals, and / or the spacing between two adjacent laser sub-patterns ranges from 1 micrometer to 1.3 micrometers.
16. The method according to claim 11, wherein, The laser sub-pattern has a first notch.
17. The method according to claim 16, wherein, The laser sub-pattern has at least two first gaps, and the laser sub-pattern has at least two lines connecting them that pass through the center of the first gap.
18. The method according to claim 17, wherein, The laser sub-pattern has two first gaps, and the first gaps of the multiple laser sub-patterns are arranged along the same straight line direction.
19. The method according to claim 11, wherein, The laser pattern is a green laser pattern, and / or the first electrode is the anode and the second electrode is the cathode.
20. The method according to claim 11, wherein, The step of generating the laser pattern includes: Based on the size of the dark pixel, the target parameters of the laser pattern are determined, and the target parameters include at least one of the size, spacing, and number of the plurality of laser sub-patterns; The laser pattern is generated based on the target parameters.