Uplink synchronization method and apparatus, device, readable storage medium, and program product

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of communications, and specifically relates to an uplink synchronization method and apparatus, a device, a readable storage medium, and a computer program product. The method in the embodiments of the present application comprises: a terminal receives a first TA prediction value from a network side device; alternatively, the terminal receives first information from the network side device, and the terminal determines a second TA prediction value on the basis of the first information; and the terminal performs uplink synchronization on the basis of the first TA prediction value or the second TA prediction value.

Description

Uplink synchronization methods, apparatus, devices, readable storage media, and program products

[0001] Cross-reference to related applications

[0002] This application claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 202411706462.5, filed in China on November 26, 2024, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0003] This application belongs to the field of communication technology, specifically relating to an uplink synchronization method, apparatus, device, readable storage medium, and computer program product. Background Technology

[0004] When a terminal sends uplink data to the network, the network and the terminal need to have a consistent understanding of timing synchronization to avoid asynchrony issues when the network receives uplink data from multiple terminals due to transmission delays. Therefore, the terminal needs to adjust the uplink timing through a random access procedure. Typically, the terminal first sends a random access sequence (carried through message 1 (MSG1), then receives a timing advance command from the base station (carried through message 2 (MSG2), and then calculates the actual timing advance (TA) for sending uplink data based on the system message and the Tracking Area Code (TAC).

[0005] Uplink synchronization of the terminal requires sending a preamble and waiting for the network to provide a timing advance (TA). However, the TA at the time of the actual uplink transmission may differ from the TA provided by the network through MSG2, leading to synchronization failure. In other words, the validity of the TA in the relevant uplink synchronization scheme is difficult to guarantee. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This application provides an uplink synchronization method, apparatus, device, readable storage medium, and computer program product, which can solve the problem that the effectiveness of TA is difficult to guarantee in related uplink synchronization schemes.

[0007] Firstly, an uplink synchronization method is provided, including:

[0008] The terminal receives the first timing advance (TA) prediction value from the network-side equipment;

[0009] or,

[0010] The terminal receives first information from the network-side device, and the terminal determines a second TA prediction value based on the first information.

[0011] The terminal performs uplink synchronization based on the first TA prediction value or the second TA prediction value.

[0012] Secondly, an uplink synchronization method is provided, including:

[0013] The network-side device sends the first TA prediction value to the terminal;

[0014] or,

[0015] The network-side device sends first information to the terminal;

[0016] The first information is used to determine the second TA prediction value, and the first TA prediction value or the second TA prediction value is used to perform uplink synchronization.

[0017] Thirdly, an uplink synchronization device is provided, comprising:

[0018] The first receiving module is used to receive a first TA prediction value from the network-side device, or to receive first information from the network-side device;

[0019] The first processing module is used to determine the second TA prediction value based on the first information;

[0020] The first processing module is also used to perform uplink synchronization based on the first TA prediction value or the second TA prediction value.

[0021] Fourthly, an uplink synchronization method is provided, including:

[0022] The first sending module is used to send a first TA prediction value to the terminal, or to send first information to the terminal;

[0023] The first information is used to determine the second TA prediction value, and the first TA prediction value or the second TA prediction value is used to perform uplink synchronization.

[0024] Fifthly, an uplink synchronization device is provided, the device being configured to perform the steps of the method described in the first aspect, or to implement the steps of the method described in the second aspect.

[0025] In a sixth aspect, a terminal is provided, the terminal including a processor and a memory, the memory storing a program or instructions executable on the processor, the program or instructions, when executed by the processor, implementing the steps of the method as described in the first aspect.

[0026] In a seventh aspect, a terminal is provided, including a processor and a communication interface, wherein the processor is used for the terminal to receive a first timing advance prediction value from a network-side device;

[0027] or,

[0028] The terminal receives first information from the network-side device, and the terminal determines a second TA prediction value based on the first information.

[0029] The terminal performs uplink synchronization based on the first TA prediction value or the second TA prediction value.

[0030] Eighthly, a network-side device is provided, the network-side device including a processor and a memory, the memory storing a program or instructions executable on the processor, the program or instructions, when executed by the processor, implementing the steps of the method as described in the second aspect.

[0031] In a ninth aspect, a network-side device is provided, including a processor and a communication interface, wherein the processor is used by the network-side device to send a first TA prediction value to a terminal;

[0032] or,

[0033] The network-side device sends first information to the terminal;

[0034] The first information is used to determine the second TA prediction value, and the first TA prediction value or the second TA prediction value is used to perform uplink synchronization.

[0035] In a tenth aspect, a readable storage medium is provided, on which a program or instructions are stored, which, when executed by a processor, implement the steps of the method described in the first aspect, or implement the steps of the method described in the second aspect.

[0036] Eleventhly, a wireless communication system is provided, comprising: a terminal and a network-side device, wherein the terminal can be used to perform the steps of the method as described in the first aspect, and the network-side device can be used to perform the steps of the method as described in the second aspect.

[0037] In a twelfth aspect, a chip is provided, the chip including a processor and a communication interface coupled to the processor, the processor being configured to run a program or instructions to implement the steps of the method described in the first aspect, or to implement the steps of the method described in the second aspect.

[0038] In a thirteenth aspect, a computer program / program product is provided, which is stored in a storage medium and is executed by at least one processor to implement the steps of the method as described in the first aspect, or to implement the steps of the method as described in the second aspect.

[0039] In this embodiment, the terminal performs uplink synchronization using a first TA prediction value provided by the network-side device or a second TA prediction value determined by itself, ensuring TA validity and avoiding synchronization failure due to the delay between the TA measured by the network and the actual uplink transmission. Attached Figure Description

[0040] Figure 1a is a block diagram of a wireless communication system applicable to an embodiment of this application;

[0041] Figure 1b is a schematic diagram of the relevant LTM process;

[0042] Figure 2 is a flowchart of one of the uplink synchronization methods provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0043] Figure 3 is a second schematic flowchart of the uplink synchronization method provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0044] Figure 4a is a schematic diagram of the input and output of the AI ​​unit provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0045] Figure 4b is a third schematic flowchart of the uplink synchronization method provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0046] Figure 4c is a fourth flowchart of the uplink synchronization method provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0047] Figure 5 is one of the structural schematic diagrams of the uplink synchronization device provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0048] Figure 6 is a second schematic diagram of the uplink synchronization device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0049] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the communication device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0050] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the terminal provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0051] Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a network-side device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0052] Figure 10 is a second schematic diagram of the network-side device provided in the embodiments of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0053] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0054] The terms "first," "second," etc., used in this application are used to distinguish similar objects and not to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such terms can be used interchangeably where appropriate so that embodiments of this application can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein, and the objects distinguished by "first" and "second" are generally of the same class, not limited in number; for example, the first object can be one or more. Furthermore, "or" in this application indicates at least one of the connected objects. For example, the scope of protection for "A or B" covers at least three scenarios: Scenario 1: including A but not B; Scenario 2: including B but not A; Scenario 3: including both A and B. In addition, the terms "A and / or B," "at least one of A and B," and "at least one of A or B" also cover at least the above three scenarios. The character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following objects are in an "or" relationship.

[0055] The term "instruction" in this application can be either a direct instruction (or explicit instruction) or an indirect instruction (or implicit instruction). A direct instruction can be understood as one in which the sender explicitly informs the receiver of specific information, the operation to be performed, or the requested result, etc., in the instruction sent. An indirect instruction can be understood as one in which the receiver determines the corresponding information based on the instruction sent by the sender, or makes a judgment and determines the operation to be performed or the requested result, etc., based on the judgment result.

[0056] It is worth noting that the technologies described in this application are not limited to Long Term Evolution (LTE) / LTE-Advanced (LTE-A) systems, but can also be used in other wireless communication systems, such as Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA), Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA), Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA), Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA), Single-carrier Frequency-Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA), or other systems. The terms "system" and "network" in this application are often used interchangeably, and the described technologies can be used with the systems and radio technologies mentioned above, as well as with other systems and radio technologies. The following description describes New Radio (NR) systems for illustrative purposes, and the term NR is used in most of the following description; however, these technologies can also be applied to systems other than NR systems, such as 6th generation (6G) radio systems. th Generation 6G communication system.

[0057] Figure 1a shows a block diagram of a wireless communication system applicable to an embodiment of this application. The wireless communication system includes a terminal 11 and a network-side device 12. The terminal 11 can be a mobile phone, tablet computer, laptop computer, notebook computer, personal digital assistant (PDA), handheld computer, netbook, ultra-mobile personal computer (UMPC), mobile internet device (MID), augmented reality (AR), virtual reality (VR) device, robot, wearable device, flight vehicle, vehicle user equipment (VUE), shipboard equipment, pedestrian user equipment (PUE), smart home (home devices with wireless communication capabilities, such as refrigerators, televisions, washing machines, or furniture), game console, personal computer (PC), ATM, or self-service machine, etc. Wearable devices include: smartwatches, smart bracelets, smart headphones, smart glasses, smart jewelry (smart bracelets, smart chains, smart rings, smart necklaces, smart anklets, smart anklets, etc.), smart wristbands, smart clothing, etc. Among these, in-vehicle devices can also be referred to as in-vehicle terminals, in-vehicle controllers, in-vehicle modules, in-vehicle components, in-vehicle chips, or in-vehicle units, etc. It should be noted that the specific type of terminal 11 is not limited in this application embodiment. Network-side equipment 12 may include access network equipment or core network equipment, wherein access network equipment may also be referred to as Radio Access Network (RAN) equipment, radio access network function, or radio access network unit. Access network equipment may include base stations, Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) access points (APs), or Wireless Fidelity (WiFi) nodes, etc.The term "base station" can be referred to as Node B (NB), Evolved Node B (eNB), Next Generation Node B (gNB), New Radio Node B (NR Node B), Access Point, Relay Base Station (RBS), Serving Base Station (SBS), Base Transceiver Station (BTS), Radio Base Station, Radio Transceiver, Basic Service Set (BSS), Extended Service Set (ESS), Home Node B (HNB), Home Evolved Node B, Transmit / Receive Point (TRP), or any other suitable term in the relevant field, as long as the same technical effect is achieved. The term "base station" is not limited to specific technical terms. It should be noted that the embodiments in this application only use base stations in NR systems as examples for description and do not limit the specific type of base station.

[0058] Core network equipment, also known as core network nodes, core network functions, or core network elements, includes, but is not limited to, at least one of the following: Mobility Management Entity (MME), Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF), Session Management Function (SMF), User Plane Function (UPF), Policy Control Function (PCF), Policy and Charging Rules Function (PCRF), Edge Application Server Discovery Function (EASDF), Unified Data Management (UDM), Unified Data Repository (UDR), Home Subscriber Server (HSS), Centralized network configuration (CNC), Network Repository Function (NRF), Network Exposure Function (NEF), Local NEF (or L-NEF), and Binding Support. The core network functions include: BSF (Block Network Function), Application Function (AF), Location Management Function (LMF), Gateway Mobile Location Centre (GMLC), and Network Data Analytics Function (NWDAF). It should be noted that this application embodiment only uses core network equipment in the NR system as an example and does not limit the specific type of core network equipment. If the name of the core network equipment mentioned in this application embodiment changes in subsequent protocol versions (e.g., 6G), it will still be within the scope of protection of this application.

[0059] Optionally, the core network equipment can be implemented by one or more functional modules in a single device, or by multiple devices working together; this application does not specifically limit this. It is understood that the aforementioned functional modules can be network elements in hardware devices, software functional modules running on dedicated hardware, or virtualized functional modules instantiated on a platform (e.g., a cloud platform).

[0060] To better understand the technical solution of this application, the following content will be introduced first:

[0061] Uplink synchronization:

[0062] When a UE sends uplink data to the network, it needs to ensure that the network and the terminal have a consistent understanding of timing synchronization to avoid asynchronous reception issues when the network receives uplink data from multiple UEs due to transmission delays. Therefore, the UE needs to adjust the uplink timing through a random access procedure. Typically, the UE first sends the random access sequence preamble MSG1, then receives the Timing Advance Command (carried by MSG2) from the base station, and then calculates the actual timing advance for transmitting uplink data based on system messages and TAC.

[0063] LTM (L1 / L2 Triggered Mobility)

[0064] To reduce handover latency, LTM (L1 / L2-triggered mobility) is introduced. This involves the network pre-configuring multiple LTM candidate cells. The source cell, based on the L1 measurement results reported by the terminal, uses L2 signaling to instruct the terminal to hand over to a suitable candidate cell. The LTM process is shown in Figure 1b.

[0065] Switching preparation:

[0066] 1. The terminal sends a measurement report message to the base station;

[0067] 2. The base station decides to configure LTM handover for the UE and sends an RRCReconfiguration message to the UE, including the LTM configuration of one or more candidate cells;

[0068] 3. The terminal stores the LTM configuration and sends an RRCReconfigurationComplete message to the source cell;

[0069] Synchronize in advance:

[0070] 4. Optionally, the terminal may perform uplink and downlink synchronization with the candidate cell before receiving the LTM cell handover command (handover not based on RACH);

[0071] Switch execution:

[0072] 5. The terminal performs L1 measurement on the configured candidate cells and sends the measurement results to the source cell via L1 signaling;

[0073] 6. The source cell makes a handover decision based on the measurement results and sends a handover command to the terminal via L2 control signaling;

[0074] 7. The terminal detaches from the source cell and uses the corresponding target cell configuration. Optionally, random access is performed on the target cell (if the terminal has performed step 4, the random access process in step 7 (the handover based on the Random Access Channel (RACH)) can be omitted).

[0075] Switching complete:

[0076] 8. The terminal sends an RRCReconfigurationComplete message to the target cell to complete the LTM handover.

[0077] RACH-less / RACH-based HO

[0078] During the handover process, if the terminal needs to execute RACH to complete the synchronization with the target cell and then send the RRCReconfigurationComplete message to complete the handover, it is called RACH-based Hand Over (RACH-based HO); if the terminal does not need to execute RACH and sends the RRCReconfigurationComplete message to the target cell to complete the handover, it is called RACH-less HO.

[0079] RACH-less HO includes the following implementation methods:

[0080] Synchronize in advance:

[0081] 1. The candidate cell sends RACH resources to the source cell;

[0082] 2. The source cell forwards RACH resources to the terminal;

[0083] 3. The terminal uses the RACH resource to send the preamble;

[0084] 4. The candidate cell sends its TA value to the source cell;

[0085] 5. The source cell indicates the TA value in the LTM handover command;

[0086] 5a. If it is conditional LTM, the source cell will send the TA value to the UE in advance through the Media Access Control Control Element (MAC CE).

[0087] Terminal self-updates TA:

[0088] 1. The network indicates to the terminal which cell pairs {source cell, target cell} can support the terminal to independently update the TA;

[0089] 2. After receiving the LTM handover command, if the target cell is a cell that supports the terminal to update the TA independently, the terminal can calculate the TA of the target cell based on the downlink reference signal time difference (RSTD) between the target cell and the source cell, combined with the TA of the source cell.

[0090] Artificial Intelligence (AI) / Machine Learning (ML)

[0091] Artificial intelligence is currently widely used in various fields. AI modules can be implemented in various ways, such as neural networks, decision trees, support vector machines, and Bayesian classifiers.

[0092] AI-enhanced Mobility

[0093] Research on AI use cases in the communications field is ongoing, such as AI-based mobility enhancement. AI-based mobility enhancement primarily relies on AI units / models to acquire measurement predictions, measurement event predictions, and radio link failure predictions related to Radio Resource Management (RRM). This assists the network side in improving the accuracy of terminal mobility decisions based on these predictions, thereby reducing service interruptions caused by terminal movement and better achieving network load balancing. The uplink synchronization method provided in this application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, through some embodiments and application scenarios.

[0094] The uplink synchronization of the terminal requires sending a preamble and waiting for the network to respond with a TA. This may cause the TA at the time of the actual uplink transmission to change from the TA provided by the network, resulting in synchronization failure. The occupation of resources for sending the preamble is unavoidable. As for obtaining the TA based on its own measurements under the premise of network configuration, it will be largely limited by the timing error of the network for the source / target cell pair, and its scope of application is limited.

[0095] The uplink synchronization method provided in this application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, through some embodiments and application scenarios.

[0096] Referring to Figure 2, this embodiment of the application provides an uplink synchronization method. The execution subject of the method is a terminal, and the method includes:

[0097] Step 201: The terminal receives the first TA prediction value from the network-side device;

[0098] Step 202: The terminal receives the first information from the network-side device, and the terminal determines the second TA prediction value based on the first information;

[0099] Either step 201 or step 202 above can be executed, that is, either step 201 or step 202 can be executed first, and then step 203 can be executed accordingly.

[0100] Step 203: The terminal performs uplink synchronization based on the first TA prediction value or the second TA prediction value. It can be understood that if step 201 was executed previously, then step 203 specifically involves the terminal performing uplink synchronization based on the first TA prediction value; if step 202 was executed previously, then step 203 specifically involves the terminal performing uplink synchronization based on the second TA prediction value.

[0101] In this embodiment, the terminal performs uplink synchronization using a first TA prediction value provided by the network-side device or a second TA prediction value determined by itself, ensuring TA validity and avoiding synchronization failure due to the delay between the TA measured by the network and the actual uplink transmission.

[0102] In one alternative implementation, the method further includes at least one of the following:

[0103] (1) The terminal receives at least one measurement configuration of the first cell from the network-side equipment;

[0104] (2) The terminal measures at least one first cell according to the measurement configuration;

[0105] (3) The terminal sends at least one first measurement report of the first cell to the network-side equipment;

[0106] The first cell is either a candidate cell or a neighboring cell, and the access timing is included in the synchronous configuration.

[0107] In the embodiments of this application, if the scheme follows the LTM process architecture, the first cell can be a candidate cell, and its number can be one or more, and the cell that interacts with the terminal can be the source cell; if the scheme does not follow the LTM process architecture, the first cell can be a neighboring cell, and its number can be one or more, and the cell that interacts with the terminal is the serving cell.

[0108] It should be noted that if the previous operation was that the terminal received the first TA prediction value from the network-side device, then the above (3) needs to be executed, that is, the terminal sends the first measurement report to the network-side device. If the previous operation was that the terminal received the first information from the network-side device and the terminal determined the second TA prediction value based on the first information, then the above (3) does not need to be executed, that is, the terminal sends the first measurement report to the network-side device.

[0109] It should be noted that for the aforementioned source cell / candidate cell, or serving cell / neighboring cell, a co-site design can be adopted, that is, the source cell and candidate cell are physically located at the same base station, and the serving cell and neighboring cell are located at the same base station. Alternatively, a non-co-site design can be adopted, that is, the source cell and candidate cell are physically located at different base stations, and the serving cell and neighboring cell are physically located at different base stations.

[0110] In this embodiment, the network-side device can be the base station to which the source cell or serving cell belongs. If a co-site design is adopted, the network-side device is also the base station to which the candidate cell or neighboring cell belongs. If a non-co-site design is adopted, the candidate cell or neighboring cell belongs to other network-side devices. It is understood that the network-side device to which the source cell or serving cell belongs can interact with the network-side device to which the candidate cell or neighboring cell belongs in order to obtain the synchronous configuration of the candidate cell or neighboring cell. The specific interaction process can adopt the existing scheme process, and is not specifically limited here.

[0111] In one alternative implementation, the first TA prediction value or the second TA prediction value is determined by the first AI unit.

[0112] The term "AI unit" as used in this application can also be referred to as an AI model, ML (machine learning) model, ML unit, AI structure, AI function, AI characteristic, machine learning model, neural network, neural network function, neural network functionality, etc. Alternatively, the term "AI unit" can refer to a processing unit capable of implementing specific algorithms, formulas, processing flows, capabilities, etc., related to AI. Or, the term "AI unit" can be a processing method, algorithm, function, module, or unit for a specific dataset. Furthermore, the term "AI unit" can be a processing method, algorithm, function, module, or unit running on AI / ML related hardware such as a Graphics Processing Unit (GPU), Neural Processing Unit (NPU), Tensor Processing Unit (TPU), or Application-Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC).

[0113] AI / ML model training involves acquiring patterns from a large training dataset (input data, ground truth labels) to obtain outputs corresponding to the actual input during the inference phase. Cell TA (Transmission Aspect Ratio) values ​​are strongly correlated with the uplink channel caused by the relative position of the terminal and the cell. Due to terminal mobility, the relative position of the terminal and the cell is constantly changing, leading to changes in the cell TA. Therefore, how to correlate the terminal's measurements of serving / neighboring cells, the serving cell's TA measurement, and the terminal's location (as training inputs) with the neighboring cell's TA measurement (as training ground truth)—that is, how to ensure consistency between the acquisition time of the terminal's serving / neighboring cell quality measurements, the serving cell's TA measurement, and the terminal's location information and the acquisition time of the neighboring cell's TA measurement on the AI ​​unit deployment side—is a pressing problem to be solved.

[0114] The first AI unit mentioned above can be deployed on network-side devices or on terminals. The specific solutions for each of these two different scenarios will be described later.

[0115] In one alternative implementation, the training dataset of the first AI unit includes a second measurement report associated with the access timing, and TA measurement values ​​associated with the access timing.

[0116] In the embodiments of this application, the training dataset of the first AI unit adopts a second measurement report associated with the access time and a TA measurement value associated with the access time. That is, the first AI unit is trained by training data associated with the access time. In this way, the TA prediction value predicted or inferred by the first AI unit is also associated with the measurement report in time, which can ensure its timeliness.

[0117] Optionally, the training dataset may also include information such as terminal location and terminal movement.

[0118] In an alternative implementation, where the first AI unit is deployed on a network-side device, the method further includes:

[0119] (1) The terminal receives at least one synchronization configuration of the first cell from the network-side equipment;

[0120] (2) The terminal sends a preamble to at least one first cell according to the synchronization configuration;

[0121] (3) The terminal performs measurements on at least one first cell according to the measurement configuration;

[0122] (4) The terminal sends at least one second measurement report of the first cell to the network-side equipment.

[0123] In this embodiment, the terminal sends a preamble to the first cell to calculate the TA measurement value. The terminal measures the first cell and sends the obtained second measurement report to the network-side device (i.e., to the source cell or serving cell). The network-side device obtains the second measurement report from the terminal and the TA measurement value from the first cell, and generates a training dataset. The first AI unit is trained on the network side using this training dataset.

[0124] It should be noted that, when the first AI unit is deployed on a network-side device, the specific training process of the first AI unit can be executed by the network-side device itself. The network-side device can be a core network element, a base station, etc., or it can be executed by other servers. That is, the network-side device sends the training dataset to the server, and then the server trains the AI ​​unit and sends the trained first AI unit to the network-side device. This application embodiment does not limit the specific device for training the first AI unit, nor the interaction process between the network-side device and the service.

[0125] In one alternative implementation, when the first AI unit is deployed on a terminal, the terminal determines a second TA prediction value based on the first information, including:

[0126] (1) The terminal determines the target cell based on the first information;

[0127] (2) The terminal determines the second TA prediction value based on the first measurement report of the target cell and the first AI unit.

[0128] In this embodiment, the terminal determines the target cell based on first information sent by the network side, which may be the cell identifier of the target cell. Specifically, the network-side device determines the target cell among at least one first cell based on the first measurement report of at least one first cell reported by the terminal. The specific decision-making rule can adopt existing methods and is not specifically limited here.

[0129] After the terminal learns the target cell determined by the network-side equipment, it inputs the first measurement report of the target cell or the first measurement report of another first cell into the first AI unit as input data. The first AI unit outputs the second TA prediction value corresponding to the target cell.

[0130] In an alternative implementation, where the first AI unit is deployed on a terminal, the method further includes:

[0131] (1) The terminal receives at least one synchronization configuration of the first cell from the network-side equipment;

[0132] (2) The terminal sends a preamble to at least one first cell according to the synchronization configuration;

[0133] (3) The terminal performs measurements on at least one first cell according to the measurement configuration and determines a second measurement report for at least one first cell;

[0134] (4) The terminal receives a first TA measurement value from the network-side equipment. The first TA measurement value is determined by at least one first cell based on the preamble.

[0135] (5) The terminal determines the first training dataset based on the second measurement report and the first TA measurement value;

[0136] (6) The terminal determines the first AI unit through the first training dataset.

[0137] In this embodiment, when the first AI unit is deployed on a terminal, the training of the first AI unit is specifically as follows: the terminal sends a preamble to each first cell based on the synchronization configuration. Each first cell obtains a first TA measurement value based on the preamble measurement. Then, each first cell can send the first TA measurement value to the source cell or serving cell. This interaction process can adopt existing interaction methods of the network-side equipment and is not limited here. The terminal measures each first cell based on the measurement configuration and determines a second measurement report for each first cell. The network-side equipment sends the first TA measurement value of each first cell to the terminal. The terminal determines a first training dataset based on the second measurement report and the first TA measurement value, and determines the first AI unit through the first training dataset.

[0138] It should be noted that the first TA measurement value can be one or more, meaning the first measurement value can be obtained by the first cell measuring the preamble sent by the terminal at one or more access times. The first measurement value corresponds one-to-one with the access time.

[0139] It should be noted that the measurement time configuration in this measurement setup should be configured near the access point to ensure that the second measurement report result obtained by the terminal is temporally correlated with the first TA measurement value obtained based on preamble measurement. The first training dataset is determined by the temporally correlated second measurement report and the first TA measurement value, thereby ensuring the effectiveness of the first AI unit trained.

[0140] The specific process by which the terminal determines the first AI unit through the first training dataset can be completed either by the terminal itself or by the server associated with the terminal, such as an over-the-top (OTT) server that bypasses the operator's pipeline. One OTT server can correspond to multiple terminals and be used to train AI units for multiple terminals. In this application embodiment, the interaction method and process between the OTT server and the terminal are not limited, as long as the terminal can ultimately obtain the first AI unit.

[0141] In one alternative implementation, the measurement configuration includes at least one of the following:

[0142] Physical layer measurement configuration; also known as L1 measurement configuration, which may specifically include LTM measurement configuration;

[0143] Radio Resource Control (RRC) layer measurement configuration; also known as L3 measurement configuration, which may specifically include RRM measurement configuration.

[0144] In an alternative implementation, where the first AI unit is deployed on a terminal, the method further includes:

[0145] (1) After the terminal switches to the target cell, the terminal receives the second TA measurement value corresponding to the target cell from the target cell;

[0146] (2) The terminal determines the performance indicators based on the second TA predicted value and the second TA measured value;

[0147] (3) When the performance index is less than or equal to the first threshold, the terminal sends second information to the target cell. The second information is used to indicate that the first AI unit is unavailable.

[0148] This application embodiment also provides subsequent supervision of the AI ​​unit. When the supervision is performed by the terminal, specifically after the terminal switches to the target cell, the terminal obtains the second TA measurement value from the target cell. The terminal determines a performance index based on the second TA prediction value and the second TA measurement value. This performance index is used to measure the accuracy between the second TA prediction value and the second TA measurement value determined by the first AI unit. For example, the absolute value of the difference between the second TA prediction value and the second TA measurement value can be calculated, and the calculation result can be used as the performance index. This application embodiment does not limit the calculation method of the performance index, as long as it can be used to determine the accuracy of the output result of the first AI unit.

[0149] When the performance index is less than or equal to the first threshold, it means that the output of the first AI unit is not accurate enough. The terminal sends a second message to the target cell, which is used to indicate that the first AI unit is unavailable.

[0150] The aforementioned first threshold can be predefined by the protocol or configured by the network side.

[0151] In an alternative implementation, where the first AI unit is deployed on a terminal, the method further includes:

[0152] (1) After the terminal switches to the target cell, the terminal sends the second TA prediction value to the target cell;

[0153] (2) The terminal receives third information from the target cell;

[0154] The third information is used to manage the first AI unit.

[0155] This application embodiment also provides subsequent supervision of the AI ​​unit. When the supervision is performed by the network side, specifically after the terminal switches to the target cell, the terminal sends a second TA prediction value to the target cell. The network side determines the performance index based on the second TA prediction value and the second TA measurement value. When the performance index is less than or equal to the second threshold, it means that the output result of the first AI unit is not accurate enough. The target cell sends third information to the terminal. The third information is used to manage the first AI unit.

[0156] The aforementioned second threshold can be predefined by the protocol or configured by the network side.

[0157] The aforementioned actions for managing the first AI unit may include operations such as activation, deactivation, and switching, which are not limited in this embodiment. It is understood that if the output result of the first AI unit is inaccurate, the third information may be used to deactivate the first AI unit, or activate or switch to the second AI unit.

[0158] Optionally, the second or third information may be carried via RRC signaling or MAC signaling.

[0159] It should be noted that, in the case where the first AI unit is deployed on a network-side device, the subsequent supervision of the AI ​​unit can be implemented by the network itself, and this application embodiment does not specifically limit this.

[0160] Referring to Figure 3, this application embodiment provides an uplink synchronization method. The execution subject of this method is a network-side device, and the method includes:

[0161] Step 301: The network-side device sends the first TA prediction value to the terminal, or the network-side device sends the first information to the terminal;

[0162] The first information is used to determine the second TA prediction value, and the first TA prediction value or the second TA prediction value is used to perform uplink synchronization.

[0163] It should be noted that, as the counterpart device interacting with the terminal, the execution steps and interactive information content involved in the method of the network-side device should be understood in the same way as those of the terminal side. Therefore, the understanding of the various technical features in the network-side method can refer to the relevant content on the terminal side, and the embodiments of this application will not repeat them here.

[0164] In one alternative implementation, the method further includes at least one of the following:

[0165] The network-side equipment determines the measurement configuration of at least one first cell based on the synchronization configuration of at least one first cell;

[0166] Network-side devices send measurement configurations to the terminal;

[0167] The network-side equipment receives at least one first measurement report of the first cell from the terminal;

[0168] The first cell is either a candidate cell or a neighboring cell, and the access timing is included in the synchronous configuration.

[0169] In one alternative implementation, the first TA prediction value or the second TA prediction value is determined by the first AI unit.

[0170] In one alternative implementation, the training data of the first AI unit includes a second measurement report associated with the access timing, and TA measurement values ​​associated with the access timing.

[0171] In an alternative implementation, where the first AI unit is deployed on a network-side device, the method further includes:

[0172] The network-side equipment sends at least one synchronization configuration of the first cell to the terminal;

[0173] The network-side equipment receives a second measurement report from at least one first cell from the terminal, and a third TA measurement value from at least one first cell;

[0174] The network-side device determines the second training dataset based on the second measurement report and the third TA measurement value;

[0175] The network-side device determines the first AI unit using the second training dataset;

[0176] The synchronization configuration includes the access timing.

[0177] In one alternative implementation, when the first AI unit is deployed on a terminal, the network-side device sends first information to the terminal, including:

[0178] The network-side equipment determines the target cell in at least one first cell based on the first measurement report of at least one first cell;

[0179] The network-side device sends the first information to the terminal;

[0180] The first piece of information is used to indicate the target cell.

[0181] In an alternative implementation, where the first AI unit is deployed on a terminal, the method further includes:

[0182] The network-side equipment sends at least one synchronization configuration of the first cell to the terminal;

[0183] The network-side device receives a first TA measurement value from at least one first cell, the first TA measurement value being determined by at least one first cell based on a preamble sent by the terminal;

[0184] The network-side device sends the first TA measurement value to the terminal;

[0185] The synchronization configuration includes the access timing.

[0186] In one alternative implementation, the measurement configuration includes at least one of the following:

[0187] Physical layer measurement configuration;

[0188] RRC layer measurement configuration.

[0189] In an alternative implementation, where the first AI unit is deployed on a network-side device, the method further includes:

[0190] Depending on the access timing, the network-side device shall perform at least one of the following:

[0191] (1) Request the allocation of Channel State Information-Reference Signal (CSI-RS) resources of the first cell and associate it with the access timing;

[0192] (2) Configure the LTM-CSI report of the first cell to be associated with the access timing;

[0193] Configure the reporting timing of LTM-CSI-ReportConfig for the first cell to be related to the access timing;

[0194] (3) For RRC layer measurement reports, configure the first cell as the measurement object and configure the reporting of measurement reports for the first cell to be associated with the access timing.

[0195] For L3 measurement reports, the target candidate cell is configured as the measurement object, and the reporting of measurement reports for the target candidate cell is configured to be associated with the access timing;

[0196] (4) Configure the first measurement event in the measurement report reporting configuration. The first measurement event includes: when the terminal sends the preamble in the synchronization configuration, the terminal is triggered to perform the measurement.

[0197] The first measurement event is included in the logging measurement configuration or the reporting configuration report configuration. The first measurement event is defined as the terminal triggering the measurement and recording when it sends a preamble included in the advance uplink synchronization configuration (i.e., when the RO in the advance uplink synchronization configuration arrives).

[0198] In an alternative implementation, where the first AI unit is deployed on a terminal, the method further includes:

[0199] After the terminal switches to the target cell, the network-side equipment sends the second TA measurement value corresponding to the target cell to the terminal;

[0200] The network-side device receives second information from the terminal, which is used to indicate that the first AI unit is unavailable.

[0201] In an alternative implementation, where the first AI unit is deployed on a terminal, the method further includes:

[0202] After the terminal switches to the target cell, the network-side equipment receives the second TA prediction value from the terminal;

[0203] The network-side equipment determines the performance indicators based on the predicted second TA value and the measured second TA value corresponding to the target cell;

[0204] If the performance index is less than or equal to the second threshold, the network-side device sends the third information to the terminal.

[0205] The third information is used to manage the first AI unit.

[0206] The technical solution of this application is described below with reference to specific application embodiments:

[0207] First, let's describe the AI ​​unit:

[0208] The model input and output of the AI ​​unit are shown in Figure 4a.

[0209] Training phase

[0210] The training dataset (obtained through extensive data collection) includes:

[0211] Input: L1 / L3 cell quality measurement values, source (serving) cell TA measurement values, UE location, UE movement information (speed, direction, path information), etc.

[0212] Ground truth label: TA measurement value of candidate target cell (neighboring cell), or the difference between the TA measurement value of candidate target cell (neighboring cell) and source (serving cell);

[0213] Reasoning stage

[0214] Input: L1 / L3 cell quality measurement values, source (serving) cell TA value, UE location, UE movement information (speed, direction, path information), etc.

[0215] Output: TA prediction value of candidate target (neighbor) cell, and the difference between the TA prediction of candidate target (neighbor) cell and source (serving) cell.

[0216] Example 1: The AI ​​unit / model is deployed on the network side. This example follows the LTM process architecture.

[0217] As shown in Figure 4b:

[0218] Based on the existing early synchronization process, the candidate target cell allocates RACH resources and sends them to the UE via EarlyUL-SyncConfig in the source cell's LTM-Candidate for preamble transmission, thereby enabling the candidate target cell to obtain the TA (label) by measuring the preamble transmitted by the UE. The main problem addressed in this embodiment is how to correlate the cell measurement report when the UE transmits the preamble with the TA obtained from network-side measurements.

[0219] 0. The source cell obtains the advance uplink synchronization configuration of the candidate target cell based on the network-side interaction process;

[0220] 1. The source cell generates the UE's L3 measurement reporting configuration or L1 measurement reporting configuration based on the aforementioned advance uplink synchronization configuration, and sends the advance uplink synchronization configuration and measurement reporting configuration to the terminal;

[0221] 2. The UE sends an RRC reconfiguration complete message to indicate that the LTM configuration was successful;

[0222] 3. The UE sends a preamble to the candidate target cell at the access timing indicated in the advance uplink synchronization configuration;

[0223] 4. The candidate target cell receives the preamble from the UE and determines the TA measurement value of the candidate target cell;

[0224] 5. The UE performs L3 or L1 measurements near the access point and reports the measurement report to the source cell;

[0225] 6. The source cell requests the TA measurement value associated with the access timing from the target candidate cell, and the target candidate cell provides the TA measurement value to the source cell;

[0226] 7. The source cell associates the TA measurement values ​​with the L1 / L3 measurement reports according to the access time and uses them as a training dataset. The training dataset is then used to train the AI ​​unit.

[0227] 8. The terminal performs L1 measurement on the configured candidate target cells and sends the L1 measurement report to the source cell;

[0228] 9. The source cell makes a handover decision based on the L1 measurement report (determining a target cell from the candidate target cells). After determining the target cell, the source cell uses information such as the L3 or L1 measurement report associated with the target cell, the terminal location, the terminal movement information, and the source cell's TA measurement value as input to perform AI unit inference, thereby obtaining the TA prediction value of the target cell;

[0229] 10. The source cell sends a handover command carrying the TA to the terminal via L2 control signaling.

[0230] Based on the access timing of the target candidate cell, the source cell performs at least one of the following:

[0231] 1) Request the CSI-RS resource configuration of the target candidate cell and associate it with the access timing;

[0232] 2) Configure the reporting timing of the target candidate cell's LTM-CSI-ReportConfig to be associated with the access timing;

[0233] 3) For L3 measurement reports, configure the target candidate cell as the measurement object, and configure the reporting of measurement reports for the target candidate cell to be associated with the access timing;

[0234] 4) Include a first event in the loggedMeasurementConfiguration or reportConfig. The first event is defined as the terminal triggering the measurement and recording when it sends the preamble included in the advance uplink synchronization configuration (i.e., when the RO in the advance uplink synchronization configuration arrives).

[0235] Example 2: The AI ​​unit / model is deployed on the terminal side. This example does not use the LTM process architecture.

[0236] As shown in Figure 4c:

[0237] During AI unit training, the UE needs to correlate TA measurement values ​​obtained from neighboring cells based on its preamble and cell measurement values ​​measured by the UE. However, under existing mechanisms, the UE cannot know which access timing the preamble was used to obtain the TA measurement values, thus hindering the collection of the training dataset. Therefore, obtaining the TA measurement values ​​of neighboring cells associated with the access timing on the UE side is the main problem addressed in this embodiment. In addition, the signaling interaction required for AI unit lifecycle management (LCM) of the network-side control terminal is considered.

[0238] 1. Based on the neighboring cell situation, the UE requests uplink synchronization configuration with the neighboring cell from the serving cell, and requests TA measurement values ​​obtained by the neighboring cell from the serving cell based on the uplink synchronization configuration in advance. Optionally, the terminal may request the neighboring cell to prefer the period, number of times, etc. of obtaining TA.

[0239] 2. The source cell obtains the uplink synchronization configuration of neighboring cells based on the network-side interaction process;

[0240] 3. The source cell sends the uplink synchronization information configuration and measurement configuration of the neighboring cells to the terminal;

[0241] The measurement configuration includes L1 or L3 measurements, with the measurement target being neighboring cells, and configures the access timing association between the measurement records or reports for neighboring cells and the uplink synchronization information configuration.

[0242] 4. The UE sends a preamble to neighboring cells upon access.

[0243] 5. The neighboring cell receives the preamble from the UE and obtains the TA;

[0244] 6. The UE performs L3 or L1 measurements near the access point;

[0245] 7. Neighboring cells provide the serving cell with TA measurement values ​​associated with the access timing after obtaining TA measurement values;

[0246] Another possible implementation is that the serving cell requests TA measurement values ​​from neighboring cells. The neighboring cells measure and record multiple TA measurement values ​​and send them to the serving cell. Optionally, if the TA measurement values ​​are provided in one-shot, the serving cell associates the TA measurement values ​​with the access timing (i.e., sequential mapping, for example, the first TA measurement value in the list corresponds to the first access timing configured for UE access).

[0247] 8. The serving cell provides the TA measurement values ​​of neighboring cells to the UE;

[0248] Optionally, if the TA measurement value is logged and provided in one-shot, the serving cell associates the TA measurement value with the access timing (i.e., sequential mapping, for example, the first TA measurement value in the list corresponds to the first access timing configured for UE access);

[0249] Optionally, the TA measurement value can be carried by RRC signaling or MAC control signaling;

[0250] 9. The UE uses the training dataset to train AI units;

[0251] The UE can transmit the training dataset to the OTT server for AI unit training;

[0252] 10. The terminal sends a first indication (UE capability) to the serving cell, indicating that the AI ​​units supported by the UE can be used to predict TA;

[0253] 11. The serving cell provides the UE with a first configuration for configuring the terminal to activate / enable AI-based prediction TA and provide related inference configuration, including the input / output type of the AI ​​unit, etc.

[0254] 12. Handover decision is made based on the UE's measurement results in the existing mechanism (a target cell is determined among neighboring cells). After the target cell is determined, the source cell sends a first handover command to the terminal, which includes the identifier of the target cell, but does not include the TA measurement value of the target cell;

[0255] Optionally, the first switching command can be L3 / L2 control signaling;

[0256] 13. Upon receiving the first handover command, the terminal uses information such as the L3 or L1 measurement results associated with the target cell, the L3 or L1 measurement report associated with the source cell, the terminal location, and the TA measurement value of the source cell as input to perform AI unit inference, thereby obtaining the TA prediction value of the target cell;

[0257] [Terminal-side supervision]

[0258] 14a. (After handover) The UE requests TA measurement values ​​from the serving cell. Optionally, the UE indicates the access configuration associated with the TA in a neighboring cell; the serving cell provides the UE with the TA measurement values ​​of the neighboring cell.

[0259] 15a. The UE performs AI cell supervision based on the acquired neighbor cell TA measurement value and the predicted neighbor cell TA value;

[0260] 16a. If the performance of the AI ​​unit degrades (below the first threshold), the UE indicates a second indication to the serving cell, indicating that the TA is unavailable based on the prediction of the first AI unit.

[0261] [Network-based supervision]

[0262] 14b. The UE reports the predicted TA value of the neighboring cell. Optionally, the predicted TA value is associated with the UE's access configuration information in the neighboring cell.

[0263] 15b. The serving cell obtains the TA measurement values ​​of neighboring cells and combines them with the TA prediction values ​​of neighboring cells reported by the UE to perform AI unit supervision;

[0264] 16b. Based on the performance of the current AI unit, the serving cell provides the UE with a first configuration (optionally, the inference configuration may be changed) to manage the AI ​​unit (i.e., activation / deactivation of AI units applied to predict TA, etc.).

[0265] This application provides an uplink synchronization device. As an example, the uplink synchronization device can be a communication device or a component within a communication device, such as a chip. The communication device can be a terminal, a network-side device, or a server, etc. Exemplarily, the terminal can be, but is not limited to, the type of terminal 11 listed above, and the network-side device can be, but is not limited to, the type of network-side device 12 listed above. This application does not impose specific limitations.

[0266] The uplink synchronization device includes a receiving module, a transmitting module, and a processing module. These modules can be implemented in software or hardware. When implemented in hardware, the processing module can be implemented by a processor. For example, the processor can include general-purpose processors, special-purpose processors, such as a Central Processing Unit (CPU), microprocessor, Digital Signal Processor (DSP), Artificial Intelligence (AI) processor, Graphics Processing Unit (GPU), Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), Network Processor (NP), Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), or other programmable logic devices, gate circuits, transistors, discrete hardware components, etc. The receiving and transmitting modules can be implemented by a communication interface, which can include one or more of the following: transceiver, pins, circuits, bus, radio frequency unit, etc.

[0267] Specifically, referring to Figure 5, when the uplink synchronization device is a terminal or a component within a terminal, the uplink synchronization device 500 includes:

[0268] The first receiving module 501 is used to receive a first TA prediction value from the network-side device, or to receive first information from the network-side device;

[0269] The first processing module 502 is used to determine the second TA prediction value based on the first information;

[0270] The first processing module 502 is also used to perform uplink synchronization based on the first TA prediction value or the second TA prediction value.

[0271] Optionally, the device further includes:

[0272] The second processing module is used for at least one of the following:

[0273] Receive the measurement configuration of the at least one first cell from the network-side device;

[0274] The at least one first cell is measured according to the measurement configuration;

[0275] Send the first measurement report of the at least one first cell to the network-side device;

[0276] The first cell is either a candidate cell or a neighboring cell, and the synchronization configuration includes access timing.

[0277] Optionally, the first TA prediction value or the second TA prediction value is determined by the first AI unit.

[0278] Optionally, the training dataset of the first AI unit includes a second measurement report associated with the access timing, and TA measurement values ​​associated with the access timing.

[0279] Optionally, when the first AI unit is deployed on the network-side device, the apparatus further includes:

[0280] The third processing module is used for:

[0281] Receive the synchronization configuration of the at least one first cell from the network-side device;

[0282] Send a preamble to the at least one first cell according to the synchronization configuration;

[0283] The at least one first cell is measured according to the measurement configuration;

[0284] Send a second measurement report of the at least one first cell to the network-side device;

[0285] The synchronization configuration includes the access timing.

[0286] Optionally, when the first AI unit is deployed on a terminal, the first processing module is configured to:

[0287] Based on the first information, the target cell is determined;

[0288] The second TA prediction value is determined based on the first measurement report of the target cell and the first AI unit.

[0289] Optionally, when the first AI unit is deployed on a terminal, the device further includes:

[0290] The fourth processing module is used for:

[0291] Receive the synchronization configuration of the at least one first cell from the network-side device;

[0292] Send a preamble to the at least one first cell according to the synchronization configuration;

[0293] Measurements are performed on the at least one first cell according to the measurement configuration, and a second measurement report for the at least one first cell is determined.

[0294] Receive a first TA measurement value from the network-side device, the first TA measurement value being determined by the at least one first cell based on the preamble;

[0295] Based on the second measurement report and the first TA measurement value, a first training dataset is determined;

[0296] The first AI unit is determined using the first training dataset;

[0297] The synchronization configuration includes the access timing.

[0298] Optionally, the measurement configuration includes at least one of the following:

[0299] Physical layer measurement configuration;

[0300] RRC layer measurement configuration.

[0301] Optionally, when the first AI unit is deployed on a terminal, the device further includes:

[0302] The fifth processing module is used for:

[0303] After the terminal switches to the target cell, it receives the second TA measurement value corresponding to the target cell from the target cell;

[0304] The performance indicators are determined based on the second TA predicted value and the second TA measured value;

[0305] If the performance index is less than or equal to a first threshold, the terminal sends a second message to the target cell, the second message indicating that the first AI unit is unavailable.

[0306] Optionally, when the first AI unit is deployed on a terminal, the device further includes:

[0307] The sixth processing module is used for:

[0308] After the terminal switches to the target cell, it sends the second TA prediction value to the target cell;

[0309] Receive third information from the target cell;

[0310] The third information is used to manage the first AI unit.

[0311] Referring to Figure 6, when the uplink synchronization device is a network-side device or a component within a network-side device, the uplink synchronization device 600 includes:

[0312] The first sending module 601 is used to send a first TA prediction value to the terminal, or to send first information to the terminal;

[0313] The first information is used to determine the second TA prediction value, and the first TA prediction value or the second TA prediction value is used to perform uplink synchronization.

[0314] Optionally, the device further includes:

[0315] The seventh processing module is used for at least one of the following:

[0316] The measurement configuration of the at least one first cell is determined based on the synchronization configuration of the at least one first cell;

[0317] Send the measurement configuration to the terminal;

[0318] Receive a first measurement report from the at least one first cell from the terminal;

[0319] The first cell is either a candidate cell or a neighboring cell, and the synchronization configuration includes access timing.

[0320] Optionally, the first TA prediction value or the second TA prediction value is determined by the first AI unit.

[0321] Optionally, the training data of the first AI unit includes a second measurement report associated with the access timing, and a TA measurement value associated with the access timing.

[0322] Optionally, when the first AI unit is deployed on a network-side device, the apparatus further includes:

[0323] The eighth processing module is used for:

[0324] Send the synchronization configuration of the at least one first cell to the terminal;

[0325] The terminal receives a second measurement report from the at least one first cell and a third TA measurement value from the at least one first cell;

[0326] Based on the second measurement report and the third TA measurement value, a second training dataset is determined;

[0327] The first AI unit is determined using the second training dataset;

[0328] The synchronization configuration includes the access timing.

[0329] Optionally, when the first AI unit is deployed on the terminal, the first sending module is configured to:

[0330] Based on the first measurement report of the at least one first cell, a target cell is determined in the at least one first cell;

[0331] Send the first information to the terminal;

[0332] The first information is used to indicate the target cell.

[0333] Optionally, when the first AI unit is deployed on the terminal, the device further includes:

[0334] The ninth processing module is used for:

[0335] Send the synchronization configuration of the at least one first cell to the terminal;

[0336] A first TA measurement value is received from the at least one first cell, the first TA measurement value being determined by the at least one first cell based on a preamble sent by the terminal;

[0337] Send the first TA measurement value to the terminal;

[0338] The synchronization configuration includes the access timing.

[0339] Optionally, the measurement configuration includes at least one of the following:

[0340] Physical layer measurement configuration;

[0341] RRC layer measurement configuration.

[0342] Optionally, when the first AI unit is deployed on a network-side device, the apparatus further includes:

[0343] The tenth processing module is used for:

[0344] Based on the access timing, perform at least one of the following:

[0345] The request associates the CSI-RS resource configuration of the first cell with the access timing;

[0346] Configure the reporting timing of the LTM-CSI report of the first cell to be associated with the access timing;

[0347] For RRC layer measurement reports, the first cell is configured as the measurement object, and the reporting of measurement reports for the first cell is configured to be associated with the access timing.

[0348] Configure a first measurement event in the measurement report reporting configuration. The first measurement event includes: when the terminal sends the preamble in the synchronization configuration, the terminal is triggered to perform a measurement.

[0349] Optionally, when the first AI unit is deployed on the terminal, the device further includes:

[0350] The eleventh processing module is used for:

[0351] After the terminal switches to the target cell, the second TA measurement value corresponding to the target cell is sent to the terminal;

[0352] The terminal receives second information, which indicates that the first AI unit is unavailable.

[0353] Optionally, when the first AI unit is deployed on the terminal, the device further includes:

[0354] The twelfth processing module is used for:

[0355] After the terminal switches to the target cell, the second TA prediction value is received from the terminal;

[0356] The performance indicators are determined based on the second TA predicted value and the second TA measured value corresponding to the target cell;

[0357] If the performance index is less than or equal to the second threshold, send third information to the terminal;

[0358] The third information is used to manage the first AI unit.

[0359] The apparatus provided in this application embodiment can implement the various processes implemented in the method embodiments of Figures 2 to 4c and achieve the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, it will not be described again here.

[0360] As shown in Figure 7, this application embodiment also provides a communication device 700, including a processor 701 and a memory 702. The memory 702 stores programs or instructions that can run on the processor 701. For example, when the communication device 700 is a terminal, the program or instructions executed by the processor 701 implement the various steps of the above-described method embodiments and achieve the same technical effect. When the communication device 700 is a network-side device, the program or instructions executed by the processor 701 implement the various steps of the above-described method embodiments and achieve the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, further details are omitted here.

[0361] This application also provides a terminal, including a processor and a communication interface, wherein the communication interface is coupled to the processor, and the processor is used to run programs or instructions to implement the steps as described in the method embodiment. This terminal embodiment corresponds to the above-described terminal-side method embodiment, and all implementation processes and methods of the above-described method embodiments can be applied to this terminal embodiment and achieve the same technical effect. The terminal may be the device shown in FIG5. Specifically, FIG8 is a schematic diagram of the hardware structure of a terminal implementing an embodiment of this application. The terminal 800 includes, but is not limited to, at least some of the following components: a radio frequency unit 801, a network module 802, an audio output unit 803, an input unit 804, a sensor 805, a display unit 806, a user input unit 807, an interface unit 808, a memory 809, and a processor 810. Those skilled in the art will understand that the terminal 800 may also include a power supply (such as a battery) for supplying power to the various components. The power supply may be logically connected to the processor 810 through a power management system, thereby enabling functions such as charging, discharging, and power consumption management through the power management system. The terminal structure shown in Figure 8 does not constitute a limitation on the terminal. The terminal may include more or fewer components than shown, or combine certain components, or have different component arrangements, which will not be elaborated here.

[0362] It should be understood that, in this embodiment, the input unit 804 may include a graphics processor 8041 and a microphone 8042. The graphics processor 8041 processes image data of still images or videos obtained by an image capture device (such as a camera) in video capture mode or image capture mode. The display unit 806 may include a display panel 8061, which may be configured in the form of a liquid crystal display, an organic light-emitting diode, or the like. The user input unit 807 includes at least one of a touch panel 8071 and other input devices 8072. The touch panel 8071 is also called a touch screen. The touch panel 8071 may include two parts: a touch detection device and a touch controller. Other input devices 8072 may include, but are not limited to, physical keyboards, function keys (such as volume control buttons, power buttons, etc.), trackballs, mice, and joysticks, which will not be described in detail here.

[0363] In this embodiment, after receiving downlink data from the network-side device, the radio frequency unit 801 can transmit it to the processor 810 for processing; in addition, the radio frequency unit 801 can send uplink data to the network-side device. Typically, the radio frequency unit 801 includes, but is not limited to, antennas, amplifiers, transceivers, couplers, low-noise amplifiers, duplexers, etc.

[0364] The memory 809 can be used to store software programs or instructions, as well as various data. The memory 809 may primarily include a first storage area for storing programs or instructions and a second storage area for storing data. The first storage area may store the operating system, application programs or instructions required for at least one function (such as sound playback, image playback, etc.). Furthermore, the memory 809 may include volatile memory or non-volatile memory. The non-volatile memory may be read-only memory (ROM), programmable read-only memory (PROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), or flash memory. Volatile memory can be random access memory (RAM), static random access memory (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), synchronous dynamic random access memory (SDRAM), double data rate synchronous dynamic random access memory (DDRSDRAM), enhanced synchronous dynamic random access memory (ESDRAM), synchronous link dynamic random access memory (SLDRAM), and direct memory bus RAM (DRRAM). The memory 809 in the embodiments of this application includes, but is not limited to, these and any other suitable types of memory.

[0365] Processor 810 may include one or more processing units; optionally, processor 810 integrates an application processor and a modem processor, wherein the application processor mainly handles operations involving the operating system, user interface, and applications, and the modem processor mainly handles wireless communication signals, such as a baseband processor. It is understood that the aforementioned modem processor may also not be integrated into processor 810.

[0366] Among them, processor 810:

[0367] Receive the first TA prediction value from the network-side device, or receive the first information from the network-side device;

[0368] Determine the second TA prediction value based on the first information;

[0369] Uplink synchronization is performed based on either the first TA prediction value or the second TA prediction value.

[0370] Optionally, the processor 810 is used for:

[0371] Receive synchronization configuration of at least one first cell and measurement configuration of the at least one first cell from the network-side device;

[0372] The at least one first cell is measured according to the measurement configuration;

[0373] Send the first measurement report of the at least one first cell to the network-side device;

[0374] The first cell is either a candidate cell or a neighboring cell, and the synchronization configuration includes access timing.

[0375] Optionally, the first TA prediction value or the second TA prediction value is determined by the first AI unit.

[0376] Optionally, the training dataset of the first AI unit includes a second measurement report associated with the access timing, and TA measurement values ​​associated with the access timing.

[0377] Optionally, when the first AI unit is deployed in the network-side device, the processor 810 is configured to:

[0378] Send a preamble to the at least one first cell according to the synchronization configuration;

[0379] The at least one first cell is measured according to the measurement configuration;

[0380] Send a second measurement report of the at least one first cell to the network-side device.

[0381] Optionally, when the first AI unit is deployed in a terminal, the processor 810 is configured to:

[0382] Based on the first information, the target cell is determined;

[0383] The second TA prediction value is determined based on the first measurement report of the target cell and the first AI unit.

[0384] Optionally, when the first AI unit is deployed in a terminal, the processor 810 is configured to:

[0385] Send a preamble to the at least one first cell according to the synchronization configuration;

[0386] Measurements are performed on the at least one first cell according to the measurement configuration, and a second measurement report for the at least one first cell is determined.

[0387] Receive a first TA measurement value from the network-side device, the first TA measurement value being determined by the at least one first cell based on the preamble;

[0388] Based on the second measurement report and the first TA measurement value, a first training dataset is determined;

[0389] The first AI unit is determined using the first training dataset.

[0390] Optionally, the measurement configuration includes at least one of the following:

[0391] Physical layer measurement configuration;

[0392] RRC layer measurement configuration.

[0393] Optionally, when the first AI unit is deployed in a terminal, the processor 810 is configured to:

[0394] After the terminal switches to the target cell, it receives the second TA measurement value corresponding to the target cell from the target cell;

[0395] The performance indicators are determined based on the second TA predicted value and the second TA measured value;

[0396] If the performance index is less than or equal to a first threshold, the terminal sends a second message to the target cell, the second message indicating that the first AI unit is unavailable.

[0397] Optionally, when the first AI unit is deployed in a terminal, the processor 810 is configured to:

[0398] After the terminal switches to the target cell, it sends the second TA prediction value to the target cell;

[0399] Receive third information from the target cell;

[0400] The third information is used to manage the first AI unit.

[0401] It is understood that the implementation process of each implementation method mentioned in this embodiment can refer to the relevant description of the method embodiment and achieve the same or corresponding technical effect. To avoid repetition, it will not be described again here.

[0402] This application also provides a network-side device, including a processor and a communication interface, wherein the communication interface is coupled to the processor, and the processor is used to run programs or instructions to implement the steps of the method embodiment. This network-side device embodiment corresponds to the above-described network-side device method embodiment, and all implementation processes and methods of the above-described method embodiments can be applied to this network-side device embodiment and can achieve the same technical effect.

[0403] Specifically, this application embodiment also provides a network-side device, which can be the device shown in FIG. 6. As shown in FIG. 9, the network-side device 900 includes: an antenna 91, a radio frequency device 92, a baseband device 93, a processor 94, and a memory 95. The antenna 91 is connected to the radio frequency device 92. In the uplink direction, the radio frequency device 92 receives information through the antenna 91 and sends the received information to the baseband device 93 for processing. In the downlink direction, the baseband device 93 processes the information to be transmitted and sends it to the radio frequency device 92. The radio frequency device 92 processes the received information and transmits it through the antenna 91.

[0404] The method executed by the network-side device in the above embodiments can be implemented in the baseband device 93, which includes a baseband processor.

[0405] The baseband device 93 may include at least one baseband board, on which multiple chips are disposed, as shown in FIG9. One of the chips is, for example, a baseband processor, which is connected to the memory 95 via a bus interface to call the program in the memory 95 and execute the network device operation shown in the above method embodiment.

[0406] The network-side device may also include a network interface 96, such as a Common Public Radio Interface (CPRI).

[0407] Specifically, the network-side device 900 in this application embodiment further includes: instructions or programs stored in memory 95 and executable on processor 94. Processor 94 calls the instructions or programs in memory 95 to execute the methods executed by each module shown in FIG6 and achieve the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, it will not be described in detail here.

[0408] Specifically, this application also provides a network-side device. As shown in FIG10, the network-side device 1000 includes a processor 1001, a network interface 1002, and a memory 1003. The network-side device may be the device shown in FIG6. The network interface 1002 is, for example, a Common Public Radio Interface (CPRI).

[0409] Specifically, the network-side device 1000 in this application embodiment further includes: instructions or programs stored in memory 1003 and executable on processor 1001. Processor 1001 calls the instructions or programs in memory 1003 to execute the methods executed by each module shown in FIG6 and achieve the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, it will not be described in detail here.

[0410] This application also provides a readable storage medium storing a program or instructions. When the program or instructions are executed by a processor, they implement the various processes of the above method embodiments and achieve the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, they will not be described again here.

[0411] The processor mentioned above is the processor in the terminal described in the above embodiments. The readable storage medium includes computer-readable storage media, such as computer read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disk, or optical disk. In some examples, the readable storage medium may be a non-transient readable storage medium.

[0412] This application embodiment also provides a chip, which includes a processor and a communication interface. The communication interface is coupled to the processor. The processor is used to run programs or instructions to implement the various processes of the above method embodiments and achieve the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, it will not be described again here.

[0413] It should be understood that the chip mentioned in the embodiments of this application may also be referred to as a system-on-a-chip, system chip, chip system, or system-on-a-chip, etc.

[0414] This application also provides a computer program / program product, which is stored in a storage medium and executed by at least one processor to implement the various processes of the above method embodiments and achieve the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, it will not be described again here.

[0415] This application also provides a wireless communication system, including: a terminal and a network-side device, wherein the terminal can be used to perform the steps of the terminal-side method as described above, and the network-side device can be used to perform the steps of the network-side method as described above.

[0416] It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes that element. Furthermore, it should be noted that the scope of the methods and apparatuses in the embodiments of this application is not limited to performing functions in the order shown or discussed, but may also include performing functions substantially simultaneously or in the reverse order, depending on the functions involved. For example, the described methods may be performed in a different order than described, and various steps may be added, omitted, or combined. Additionally, features described with reference to certain examples may be combined in other examples.

[0417] From the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that the methods of the above embodiments can be implemented by means of computer software products plus necessary general-purpose hardware platforms, and of course, they can also be implemented by hardware. The computer software product is stored in a storage medium (such as ROM, RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk, etc.) and includes several instructions to cause the terminal or network-side device to execute the methods described in the various embodiments of this application.

[0418] The embodiments of this application have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, this application is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. The specific embodiments described above are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Those skilled in the art can make many other implementations under the guidance of this application without departing from the spirit and scope of the claims. All of these implementations are within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. An uplink synchronization method, comprising: The terminal receives the first timing advance TA prediction value from the network-side equipment; or, The terminal receives first information from the network-side device, and the terminal determines a second TA prediction value based on the first information. The terminal performs uplink synchronization based on the first TA prediction value or the second TA prediction value.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein, The method further includes at least one of the following: The terminal receives the measurement configuration of the at least one first cell from the network-side device; The terminal measures the at least one first cell according to the measurement configuration; The terminal sends a first measurement report of the at least one first cell to the network-side device; The first cell is either a candidate cell or a neighboring cell.

3. The method according to claim 2, wherein, The first TA prediction value or the second TA prediction value is determined by the first artificial intelligence (AI) unit.

4. The method according to claim 3, wherein, The training dataset of the first AI unit includes a second measurement report associated with the access timing, and a TA measurement value associated with the access timing.

5. The method according to claim 4, wherein, When the first AI unit is deployed on the network-side device, the method further includes: The terminal receives the synchronization configuration of the at least one first cell from the network-side device; The terminal sends a preamble to the at least one first cell according to the synchronization configuration; The terminal measures the at least one first cell according to the measurement configuration; The terminal sends a second measurement report of the at least one first cell to the network-side device; The synchronization configuration includes the access timing.

6. The method according to claim 4, wherein, When the first AI unit is deployed on the terminal, the terminal determines the second TA prediction value based on the first information, including: The terminal determines the target cell based on the first information; The terminal determines the second TA prediction value based on the first measurement report of the target cell and the first AI unit.

7. The method according to claim 4 or 6, wherein, When the first AI unit is deployed on the terminal, the method further includes: The terminal receives the synchronization configuration of the at least one first cell from the network-side device; The terminal sends a preamble to the at least one first cell according to the synchronization configuration; The terminal measures the at least one first cell according to the measurement configuration and determines a second measurement report for the at least one first cell; The terminal receives a first TA measurement value from the network-side device, the first TA measurement value being determined by the at least one first cell based on the preamble; The terminal determines the first training dataset based on the second measurement report and the first TA measurement value; The terminal determines the first AI unit using the first training dataset; The synchronization configuration includes the access timing.

8. The method according to any one of claims 2 to 7, wherein, The measurement configuration includes at least one of the following: Physical layer measurement configuration; Radio Resource Control (RRC) layer measurement configuration.

9. The method according to claim 6 or 7, further comprising: After the terminal switches to the target cell, the terminal receives the second TA measurement value corresponding to the target cell from the target cell; The terminal determines performance indicators based on the second TA predicted value and the second TA measured value; If the performance index is less than or equal to a first threshold, the terminal sends a second message to the target cell, the second message indicating that the first AI unit is unavailable.

10. The method according to claim 6 or 7, further comprising: After the terminal switches to the target cell, the terminal sends the second TA prediction value to the target cell; The terminal receives third information from the target cell; The third information is used to manage the first AI unit.

11. An uplink synchronization method, comprising: The network-side device sends the first TA prediction value to the terminal; or, The network-side device sends first information to the terminal; The first information is used to determine the second TA prediction value, and the first TA prediction value or the second TA prediction value is used to perform uplink synchronization.

12. The method according to claim 11, wherein, The method further includes at least one of the following: The network-side device determines the measurement configuration of the at least one first cell based on the synchronization configuration of the at least one first cell; The network-side device sends the measurement configuration to the terminal; The network-side device receives a first measurement report of the at least one first cell from the terminal; The first cell is either a candidate cell or a neighboring cell, and the synchronization configuration includes access timing.

13. The method according to claim 12, wherein, The first TA prediction value or the second TA prediction value is determined by the first AI unit.

14. The method according to claim 13, wherein, The training data of the first AI unit includes a second measurement report associated with the access timing, and a TA measurement value associated with the access timing.

15. The method according to claim 14, wherein, When the first AI unit is deployed on the network-side device, the method further includes: The network-side device sends the synchronization configuration of the at least one first cell to the terminal; The network-side device receives a second measurement report from the terminal for the at least one first cell, and a third TA measurement value from the at least one first cell; The network-side device determines the second training dataset based on the second measurement report and the third TA measurement value; The network-side device determines the first AI unit using the second training dataset; The synchronization configuration includes the access timing.

16. The method of claim 14, wherein, When the first AI unit is deployed on the terminal, the network-side device sends first information to the terminal, including: The network-side device determines the target cell among the at least one first cell based on the first measurement report of the at least one first cell; The network-side device sends first information to the terminal; The first information is used to indicate the target cell.

17. The method according to claim 14 or 16, wherein, When the first AI unit is deployed on the terminal, the method further includes: The network-side device sends the synchronization configuration of the at least one first cell to the terminal; The network-side device receives a first TA measurement value from the at least one first cell, the first TA measurement value being determined by the at least one first cell based on the preamble sent by the terminal; The network-side device sends the first TA measurement value to the terminal; The synchronization configuration includes the access timing.

18. The method according to any one of claims 12 to 17, wherein, The measurement configuration includes at least one of the following: Physical layer measurement configuration; RRC layer measurement configuration.

19. The method according to claim 15, wherein, When the first AI unit is deployed on the network-side device, the method further includes: The network-side device performs at least one of the following actions based on the access timing: The request is to associate the Channel State Information Reference Signal (CSI-RS) resource configuration of the first cell with the access timing; Configure the reporting timing of the Layer 1 or Layer 2 trigger Mobile Channel State Information (LTM-CSI) report of the first cell to be associated with the access timing; For RRC layer measurement reports, the first cell is configured as the measurement object, and the reporting of measurement reports for the first cell is configured to be associated with the access timing; Configure a first measurement event in the measurement report reporting configuration. The first measurement event includes: when the terminal sends the preamble in the synchronization configuration, the terminal is triggered to perform a measurement.

20. The method according to claim 16 or 17, further comprising: After the terminal switches to the target cell, the network-side device sends the second TA measurement value corresponding to the target cell to the terminal; The network-side device receives second information from the terminal, the second information being used to indicate that the first AI unit is unavailable.

21. The method according to claim 16 or 17, further comprising: After the terminal switches to the target cell, the network-side device receives the second TA prediction value from the terminal; The network-side device determines the performance indicators based on the second TA prediction value and the second TA measurement value corresponding to the target cell; If the performance index is less than or equal to the second threshold, the network-side device sends third information to the terminal; The third information is used to manage the first AI unit.

22. An uplink synchronization device, comprising: The first receiving module is used to receive a first TA prediction value from the network-side device, or to receive first information from the network-side device; The first processing module is used to determine the second TA prediction value based on the first information; The first processing module is also used to perform uplink synchronization based on the first TA prediction value or the second TA prediction value.

23. The apparatus of claim 22, further comprising: The second processing module is used for at least one of the following: Receive the measurement configuration of the at least one first cell from the network-side device; The at least one first cell is measured according to the measurement configuration; Send the first measurement report of the at least one first cell to the network-side device; The first cell is either a candidate cell or a neighboring cell, and the synchronization configuration includes access timing.

24. The apparatus according to claim 23, wherein, The first TA prediction value or the second TA prediction value is determined by the first AI unit.

25. The apparatus according to claim 24, wherein, The training dataset of the first AI unit includes a second measurement report associated with the access timing, and TA measurement values ​​associated with the access timing.

26. The apparatus according to claim 25, wherein, When the first AI unit is deployed on the network-side device, the apparatus further includes: The third processing module is used for: Receive the synchronization configuration of the at least one first cell from the network-side device; Send a preamble to the at least one first cell according to the synchronization configuration; The at least one first cell is measured according to the measurement configuration; Send a second measurement report of the at least one first cell to the network-side device; The synchronization configuration includes the access timing.

27. The apparatus according to claim 25, wherein, When the first AI unit is deployed on a terminal, the first processing module is used to: Based on the first information, the target cell is determined; The second TA prediction value is determined based on the first measurement report of the target cell and the first AI unit.

28. The apparatus according to claim 25 or 27, wherein, When the first AI unit is deployed on a terminal, the device further includes: The fourth processing module is used for: Receive the synchronization configuration of the at least one first cell from the network-side device; Send a preamble to the at least one first cell according to the synchronization configuration; Measurements are performed on the at least one first cell according to the measurement configuration, and a second measurement report for the at least one first cell is determined. Receive a first TA measurement value from the network-side device, the first TA measurement value being determined by the at least one first cell based on the preamble; Based on the second measurement report and the first TA measurement value, a first training dataset is determined; The first AI unit is determined using the first training dataset; The synchronization configuration includes the access timing.

29. The apparatus according to any one of claims 22 to 28, wherein, The measurement configuration includes at least one of the following: Physical layer measurement configuration; RRC layer measurement configuration.

30. The apparatus according to claim 27 or 28, further comprising: The fifth processing module is used for: After the terminal switches to the target cell, it receives the second TA measurement value corresponding to the target cell from the target cell; The performance indicators are determined based on the second TA predicted value and the second TA measured value; If the performance index is less than or equal to a first threshold, the terminal sends a second message to the target cell, the second message indicating that the first AI unit is unavailable.

31. The apparatus according to claim 27 or 28, further comprising: The sixth processing module is used for: After the terminal switches to the target cell, it sends the second TA prediction value to the target cell; Receive third information from the target cell; The third information is used to manage the first AI unit.

32. An uplink synchronization device, comprising: The first sending module is used to send a first TA prediction value to the terminal, or to send first information to the terminal; The first information is used to determine the second TA prediction value, and the first TA prediction value or the second TA prediction value is used to perform uplink synchronization.

33. The apparatus of claim 32, further comprising: The seventh processing module is used for at least one of the following: The measurement configuration of the at least one first cell is determined based on the synchronization configuration of the at least one first cell; Send the measurement configuration to the terminal Receive a first measurement report from the at least one first cell from the terminal; The first cell is either a candidate cell or a neighboring cell, and the synchronization configuration includes access timing.

34. The apparatus according to claim 33, wherein, The first TA prediction value or the second TA prediction value is determined by the first AI unit.

35. The apparatus according to claim 34, wherein, The training data of the first AI unit includes a second measurement report associated with the access timing, and a TA measurement value associated with the access timing.

36. The apparatus according to claim 35, wherein, When the first AI unit is deployed on the network-side device, the apparatus further includes: The eighth processing module is used for: Send the synchronization configuration of the at least one first cell to the terminal; The terminal receives a second measurement report from the at least one first cell and a third TA measurement value from the at least one first cell; Based on the second measurement report and the third TA measurement value, a second training dataset is determined; The first AI unit is determined using the second training dataset; The synchronization configuration includes the access timing.

37. The apparatus according to claim 35, wherein, When the first AI unit is deployed on the terminal, the first sending module is used for: Based on the first measurement report of the at least one first cell, a target cell is determined among the at least one first cell; Send the first information to the terminal; The first information is used to indicate the target cell.

38. The apparatus according to claim 35 or 37, wherein, When the first AI unit is deployed on the terminal, the device further includes: The ninth processing module is used for: Send the synchronization configuration of the at least one first cell to the terminal; A first TA measurement value is received from the at least one first cell, the first TA measurement value being determined by the at least one first cell based on a preamble sent by the terminal; Send the first TA measurement value to the terminal; The synchronization configuration includes the access timing.

39. The apparatus according to any one of claims 33 to 38, wherein, The measurement configuration includes at least one of the following: Physical layer measurement configuration; RRC layer measurement configuration.

40. The apparatus according to claim 36, wherein, When the first AI unit is deployed on the network-side device, the apparatus further includes: The tenth processing module is used for: Based on the access timing, perform at least one of the following: The request associates the CSI-RS resource configuration of the first cell with the access timing; Configure the reporting timing of the LTM-CSI report of the first cell to be associated with the access timing; For RRC layer measurement reports, the first cell is configured as the measurement object, and the reporting of measurement reports for the first cell is configured to be associated with the access timing; Configure a first measurement event in the measurement report reporting configuration. The first measurement event includes: when the terminal sends the preamble in the synchronization configuration, the terminal is triggered to perform a measurement.

41. The apparatus according to claim 37 or 38, further comprising: The eleventh processing module is used for: After the terminal switches to the target cell, the second TA measurement value corresponding to the target cell is sent to the terminal; The terminal receives second information, which indicates that the first AI unit is unavailable.

42. The apparatus according to claim 37 or 38, further comprising: The twelfth processing module is used for: After the terminal switches to the target cell, the second TA prediction value is received from the terminal; The performance indicators are determined based on the second TA predicted value and the second TA measured value corresponding to the target cell; If the performance index is less than or equal to the second threshold, send third information to the terminal; The third information is used to manage the first AI unit.

43. A terminal comprising a processor and a memory, the memory storing a program or instructions executable on the processor, the program or instructions, when executed by the processor, implementing the steps of the uplink synchronization method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 10.

44. A network-side device, comprising a processor and a memory, the memory storing a program or instructions executable on the processor, the program or instructions, when executed by the processor, implementing the steps of the uplink synchronization method as described in any one of claims 11 to 21.

45. A readable storage medium storing a program or instructions that, when executed by a processor, implement the steps of the uplink synchronization method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 10, or implement the steps of the uplink synchronization method as claimed in any one of claims 11 to 21.

46. ​​A computer program product comprising computer instructions that, when executed by a processor, implement the steps of the uplink synchronization method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 10, or implement the steps of the uplink synchronization method as claimed in any one of claims 11 to 21.

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