Pressure relief structure, battery pack and energy storage power supply

Abstract

A pressure relief structure, a battery pack and an energy storage power supply. The pressure relief structure comprises a housing and an explosion-proof valve, wherein the housing is provided with an accommodating cavity; the explosion-proof valve is mounted on the housing; the housing is provided with an opening in communication with the accommodating cavity; and the explosion-proof valve comprises a rubber cover portion, the rubber cover portion being sealingly disposed at the opening, and the rubber cover portion being configured to at least partially detach from the housing when the air pressure in the accommodating cavity reaches a preset pressure, so as to expose the opening.

Description

Pressure relief structure, battery pack and energy storage power supply

[0001] Cross-reference to related applications

[0002] This application claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 202422906716.X, filed on November 26, 2024, entitled "Pressure Relief Structure, Battery Pack and Energy Storage Power Supply", the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0003] This application relates to the field of battery technology, and in particular to a pressure relief structure, a battery pack, and an energy storage power source. Background Technology

[0004] The cells of energy storage power supplies are usually sealed inside a casing. In order to allow the gas released in the event of thermal runaway of the cell to escape and reduce the accumulation of gas inside the waterproof cover, a pressure relief structure is also provided on the casing. However, although the pressure relief structure can allow gas to pass through and block liquid water from passing through, it is difficult to block water vapor. This allows external water vapor to enter the cell through the pressure relief structure, reducing the waterproof effect. Summary of the Invention

[0005] According to various embodiments of this application, a pressure relief structure, a battery pack, and an energy storage power supply are provided.

[0006] One embodiment of this application provides a pressure relief structure applied to a battery pack, the battery pack having battery cells. The pressure relief structure includes a housing and an explosion-proof valve. The housing has a receiving cavity configured to accommodate the battery cells, and the housing has an opening communicating with the receiving cavity. The explosion-proof valve is installed in the housing. The explosion-proof valve includes a rubber cap portion that seals the opening, and the rubber cap portion is configured to deform at least partially and detach from the housing to expose the opening when the air pressure in the receiving cavity reaches a preset pressure. When the air pressure in the receiving cavity is lower than the preset pressure, the rubber cap portion closes the opening; during the process of the rubber cap portion detaching from the housing, the housing always avoids the outer edge of the rubber cap portion.

[0007] One embodiment of this application provides a battery pack. The battery pack includes battery cells and a pressure relief structure as described in any of the above embodiments, with the battery cells housed within a casing in the pressure relief structure.

[0008] One embodiment of this application provides an energy storage power supply. The energy storage power supply includes a housing and a battery pack as described in any of the above embodiments, the battery pack being installed within the housing.

[0009] Details of one or more embodiments of this application are set forth in the following drawings and description. Other features, objects, and advantages of this application will become apparent from the specification, drawings, and claims. Attached Figure Description

[0010] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments or exemplary technologies of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments or exemplary technologies will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other embodiments can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0011] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the pressure relief structure provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0012] Figure 2 is an exploded structural diagram of the pressure relief structure in Figure 1;

[0013] Figure 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the pressure relief structure cut along the AA section line in Figure 1.

[0014] Figure 4 is a magnified view of section V in Figure 3;

[0015] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the explosion-proof valve in Figure 1;

[0016] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an energy storage power supply provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0017] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the energy storage power source in Figure 6. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments.

[0019] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art. The terminology used in this specification is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application.

[0020] The cells of energy storage power supplies are usually sealed inside a casing. In order to allow the gas released in the event of thermal runaway of the cell to escape and reduce the accumulation of gas inside the waterproof cover, a pressure relief structure is also provided on the casing. However, although the pressure relief structure can allow gas to pass through and block liquid water from passing through, it is difficult to block water vapor. This allows external water vapor to enter the cell through the pressure relief structure, reducing the waterproof effect.

[0021] One embodiment of this application provides a pressure relief structure applied to a battery pack, the battery pack having battery cells. The pressure relief structure includes a housing and an explosion-proof valve. The housing has a receiving cavity configured to accommodate the battery cells, and the explosion-proof valve is mounted on the housing. The housing has an opening communicating with the receiving cavity. The explosion-proof valve includes a rubber cap portion that seals the opening, and the rubber cap portion is configured to at least partially detach from the housing to expose the opening when the air pressure in the receiving cavity reaches a preset pressure.

[0022] In the aforementioned pressure relief structure, when the battery cell is operating normally, the rubber cap seals the opening to prevent the cavity from communicating with the outside of the battery pack. This prevents gaseous and liquid water from entering the cavity, reducing the risk of condensation on the inner wall of the casing and improving waterproofing. When the pressure inside the cavity reaches a preset level, the rubber cap at least partially detaches from the casing to expose the opening, allowing the gas inside the cavity to be continuously discharged to the outside through the opening immediately. This reduces the possibility of gas accumulation inside the casing, thereby helping to reduce the risk of battery pack explosion due to thermal runaway of the battery cell and improving battery pack safety.

[0023] The following detailed description of some embodiments of this application is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Unless otherwise specified, the following embodiments and features can be combined with each other.

[0024] One embodiment of this application provides a pressure relief structure 10. The pressure relief structure 10 is applied to a battery pack 100, which has battery cells 20. The pressure relief structure 10 is used to relieve pressure when the battery cells 20 of the battery pack 100 are depressurized, thereby reducing the air pressure inside the battery pack 100. It is understood that in other embodiments, the pressure relief structure 10 can be used in other devices that require timely pressure relief.

[0025] As shown in Figures 1 to 3, the pressure relief structure 10 includes a housing 11 and an explosion-proof valve 12. The housing 11 has a receiving cavity 111, which is configured to house the battery cell 20, thus facilitating the isolation of the battery cell 20 from the external environment. The explosion-proof valve 12 is installed on the housing 11 to discharge the gas generated by the battery cell 20 when the battery cell 20 malfunctions.

[0026] In some embodiments, when the battery pack 100 is working normally, the gas inside the battery pack 100 expands due to the heat generated by the battery cells 20 during normal operation, thereby increasing the internal gas pressure of the battery pack 100. In order to protect the battery pack 100 and prevent the battery pack casing 11 from rupturing, the explosion-proof valve 12 can be opened to release pressure.

[0027] In some embodiments, multiple explosion-proof valves 12 are provided, which helps to improve the pressure relief efficiency of the pressure relief structure 10. Understandably, when the battery cell 20 malfunctions, multiple explosion-proof valves 12 simultaneously discharge the gas generated by the battery cell 20 from the housing 11.

[0028] In some embodiments, as shown in Figures 2 and 4, the housing 11 is provided with an opening 112 communicating with the receiving cavity 111, and the explosion-proof valve 12 includes a rubber cap 121, which is sealed in the opening 112. The rubber cap 121 is configured to at least partially detach from the housing 11 to expose the opening 112 when the air pressure in the receiving cavity 111 reaches a preset pressure.

[0029] It should be noted that the preset pressure is greater than the external air pressure, and the preset pressure needs to be set according to the actual situation; this application does not limit this setting. The air pressure inside the containment cavity 111 reaches the preset pressure due to two main reasons: firstly, the battery cell 20 generates heat during operation, causing thermal expansion and contraction of the gas inside the housing 11; secondly, the battery cell 20 may experience a valve-like phenomenon due to design defects, assembly issues, or external factors, producing flammable gases such as hydrogen. For example, the preset pressure could be 4000 Pa, meaning that when the air pressure inside the housing 11 reaches 4000 Pa, the explosion-proof valve 12 will open to release pressure.

[0030] Understandably, when the battery cell 20 is operating normally, the rubber cap 121 seals the opening 112 to prevent the housing 111 from communicating with the outside of the battery pack 100. When the gas pressure inside the housing 111 reaches a preset pressure, the gas inside the housing 111 will be ejected outward, creating an explosion-like effect and forming a shock wave. When this shock wave reaches the explosion-proof valve 12, it will impact the explosion-proof valve 12. At this time, under the action of the shock wave, the rubber cap 121 will at least partially detach from the housing 11 to expose the opening 112, so that the gas inside the housing 111 can be continuously discharged to the outside through the opening 112 as soon as possible.

[0031] It is worth noting that when the pressure relief time is sufficient and the pressure in the receiving cavity 111 drops below the preset pressure, the rubber cap 121 can return to its initial state (specifically, the state when the rubber cap 121 is sealed in the opening 112) to prevent external gas from entering.

[0032] By setting the explosion-proof valve 12, firstly, it can prevent gaseous and liquid water from the external environment from entering the containment cavity 111, reducing the risk of condensation forming on the inner wall of the casing 11 and improving the waterproof effect; secondly, it can timely discharge the gas inside the casing 11, preventing the gas from accumulating inside the casing 11, which helps to avoid thermal runaway of the battery cell 20 and also helps to prevent the casing 11 from being damaged by excessive gas pressure, reducing the possibility of battery pack 100 explosion and improving the safety of battery pack 100.

[0033] In some embodiments, as shown in Figures 1 and 2, the side of the housing 11 containing the opening 112 is defined as the projection surface. The orthographic projection of the rubber cap 121 onto the projection surface completely covers the opening 112, and the edge of the orthographic projection is larger than the edge of the opening 112.

[0034] By setting the edge of the orthographic projection of the rubber cap 121 to be larger than the edge of the opening 112, it helps to ensure that the edge of the rubber cap 121 is not rubbed by the housing 112 during the process of detaching from the housing 112, thereby detaching from the housing 112 more smoothly.

[0035] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG4, the cap portion 121 is circular and arched away from the opening 112, which helps to make the edge of the cap portion 121 fit more tightly against the housing 11, thereby further improving the waterproof effect of the pressure relief structure 10. Exemplarily, the shape of the cap portion 121 is part of a sphere.

[0036] Understandably, when the cap 121 is subjected to external pressure, the pressure acts on the arched portion of the cap 121, and the edge of the cap 121 is squeezed toward the housing 11. The greater the pressure, the greater the degree to which the outer edge of the cap 121 is squeezed toward the housing 11, and the tighter the cap 121 fits.

[0037] For example, when the pressure relief structure 10 is subjected to an IPX9K (waterproof rating) high-pressure spray test, high-pressure water is sprayed onto the explosion-proof valve 12, and the arched part of the rubber cover 121 is squeezed and deformed towards the opening 112, making the explosion-proof valve 12 less likely to fall off and preventing a larger amount of water from entering, thereby meeting the requirements of the IPX9K test.

[0038] In other embodiments, the adhesive cap 121 may also be rectangular, square or other shapes. This application does not limit this, and those skilled in the art can choose according to the actual situation.

[0039] In some embodiments, as shown in Figures 4 and 5, the outer edge of the cap portion 121 is provided with a protrusion 1211. The protrusion 1211 is configured to abut against the housing 11 when the cap portion 121 is sealed in the opening 112, which helps to improve the sealing effect of the cap portion 121 on the opening 112, thereby further reducing the risk of gaseous water and liquid water in the external environment entering the receiving cavity 111.

[0040] For example, the protrusion 1211 is annular, and the annular protrusion 1211 is installed on the outer edge of the cap 121 with the center of the cap 121 as the point, and the protrusion 1211 is located on the side of the cap 121 facing the opening 112.

[0041] When the cap 121 is sealed in the opening 112, the protrusion 1211 abuts against the housing 11. The cap 121 undergoes elastic deformation and generates a pre-tightening force, and the protrusion 1211 is tightly attached to the housing 11 by the action of the pre-tightening force.

[0042] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG5, the cap portion 121 is further provided with a reinforcing rib 1212, which helps to enhance the supporting strength of the cap portion 121 and ensure that the cap portion 121 can maintain its unfolded state under a certain pressure. For example, the reinforcing rib 1212 is annular, and the annular reinforcing rib 1212 is disposed on the cap portion 121 with the center point of the cap portion 121.

[0043] In other embodiments, the reinforcing ribs 1212 may also be linear or other shapes, and may be spaced apart along the radial direction of the rubber cover portion 121. This application does not limit this, and those skilled in the art can choose according to the actual situation.

[0044] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG5, the reinforcing rib 1212 is located on the side of the cap portion 121 facing the opening 112. By concealing the reinforcing rib 1212 inside the cap portion 121 (specifically, on the side facing the opening 112), the aesthetics of the pressure relief structure 10 are improved.

[0045] In some embodiments, the reinforcing rib 1212 is located on the side of the cap portion 121 opposite to the opening 112. By providing the reinforcing rib 1212 on the outside of the cap portion 121 (specifically, on the side opposite to the opening 112), it is beneficial to increase the roughness of the outer surface of the explosion-proof valve 12, making it easier for technicians to disassemble or install the explosion-proof valve 12.

[0046] In some embodiments, as shown in Figures 4 and 5, the explosion-proof valve 12 further includes a fixing part 122, which is installed on the side of the rubber cap 121 facing the opening 112, and the explosion-proof valve 12 is installed on the housing 11 through the fixing part 122.

[0047] With the setting of the fixing part 122, the technician only needs to assemble the fixing part 122 onto the housing 11 to realize the installation of the explosion-proof valve 12. There is no need to add an additional installation structure to the rubber cover part 121, which helps to improve the structural strength of the rubber cover part 121 and thus ensure the sealing of the opening 112 by the rubber cover part 121.

[0048] In some embodiments, as shown in Figures 2 and 4, the housing 11 is provided with a mounting hole 113, which is adapted to the fixing part 122. When it is necessary to install the explosion-proof valve 12 on the housing 11, the technician only needs to insert the fixing part 122 into the mounting hole 113.

[0049] In some embodiments, the housing 11 is provided with a slot (not shown) and the fixing part 122 is provided with a buckle (not shown). When the explosion-proof valve 12 is installed on the housing 11, the buckle engages with the slot.

[0050] In other embodiments, the explosion-proof valve 12 may also be installed on the housing 11 in other ways. This application does not limit this, and those skilled in the art can choose according to the actual situation.

[0051] In some embodiments, as shown in Figures 1, 2, and 4, the housing 11 is further provided with a rib 114, which is located at the opening 112 and surrounds the explosion-proof valve 12. Along the air outlet direction of the opening 112, the height of the rib 114 is greater than the height of the explosion-proof valve 12.

[0052] Understandably, during the production and installation of the battery pack 100, the rib plate 114 can block or reduce the direct contact of technicians with the explosion-proof valve 12, which helps to reduce the risk of the explosion-proof valve 12 being touched and extend the service life of the explosion-proof valve 12.

[0053] In some embodiments, a clearance gap (not shown) is formed between the rib 114 and the outer edge of the cap 121. The clearance gap is configured to avoid the outer edge of the cap 121 during the process of the cap 121 disengaging from the housing 11. In other words, the maximum diameter of the cap 121 during deformation is smaller than the inner diameter of the rib 114.

[0054] Understandably, when the air pressure inside the receiving cavity 111 reaches a preset pressure, the rubber cap 121 will at least partially detach from the housing 11 to expose the opening 112. During the process of the rubber cap 121 detaching from the housing 11, the clearance gap can avoid the outer edge of the rubber cap 121.

[0055] By setting the clearance, it is beneficial to ensure the venting effect of the explosion-proof valve 12 and reduce the risk that the rubber cover 121 may get stuck or be unable to detach when it comes out of the housing 11 due to the movement interference between the rubber cover 121 and the rib 114.

[0056] In some embodiments, the material of the cap portion 121 includes at least one selected from rubber, silicone, and flexible PVC. The material of the fixing portion 122 includes at least one selected from rubber, silicone, and flexible PVC.

[0057] The rubber cap 121 can utilize its deformable properties to automatically return to the state when it is sealed in the opening 112 after the air pressure in the receiving cavity 111 is lower than the preset air pressure, so as to prevent the outside gas from entering, thereby isolating oxygen and preventing the battery cell 20 from continuing to burn, thus achieving a certain fire extinguishing effect.

[0058] In other embodiments, the cap portion 121 and the fixing portion 122 may also be made of other materials with certain elasticity and heat resistance. This application does not limit this, and those skilled in the art can choose according to the actual situation.

[0059] In some embodiments, the fixing part 122 and the rubber cover part 121 are integrally formed. By adopting an integral forming method, the manufacturing steps of the explosion-proof valve 12 are simplified, making it easier to manufacture and produce.

[0060] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG4, the pressure relief structure 10 further includes a waterproof and breathable membrane 13 covering the opening 112. The waterproof and breathable membrane 13 is configured to rupture when the pressure it bears reaches a preset value, so that an exhaust channel is formed at the opening 112.

[0061] By setting up the waterproof and breathable membrane 13, the pressure relief structure 10 can achieve double waterproofing, further improving the waterproofing effect. When the battery cell 20 is working normally, the rubber cover 121 and the waterproof and breathable membrane 13 together block the connection between the receiving cavity 111 and the outside of the battery pack 100, so as to prevent gaseous water and liquid water in the external environment from entering the receiving cavity 111 and reduce the risk of condensation forming on the inner wall of the casing 11.

[0062] When the air pressure inside the containment cavity 111 reaches the preset pressure, the waterproof and breathable membrane 13 can be broken by the shock wave from the cell 20's spray valve, thereby establishing a continuous and stable exhaust channel. Subsequently, the rubber cover 121 at least partially detaches from the housing 11 to expose the opening 112, and the gas inside the containment cavity 111 is continuously discharged to the outside through the opening 112, reducing the possibility of gas accumulation inside the housing 11. This helps to reduce the risk of the battery pack 100 exploding due to thermal runaway of the cell 20 and improves the safety of the battery pack 100.

[0063] In some embodiments, the pressure relief structure 10 further includes a bracket (not shown). The bracket is sealed at the position of the housing 11 corresponding to the opening 112. The outer peripheral edge of the waterproof and breathable membrane 13 is attached to the bracket. The waterproof and breathable membrane 13 is sealed and fixed to the housing 11 by the bracket. The bracket helps to eliminate the flatness difference between the opening 112 and the flat state of the waterproof and breathable membrane 13, thereby facilitating the sealing effect of the waterproof and breathable membrane 13 at the opening 112 in a flat state. On the one hand, this improves the sealing effect of the waterproof and breathable membrane 13, and on the other hand, it facilitates the stability of the waterproof and breathable membrane 13 when it withstands pressure reaching a preset value and ruptures.

[0064] In some embodiments, the bracket is disposed between the waterproof and breathable membrane 13 and the housing 11. The waterproof and breathable membrane 13 is attached to the bracket with glue or double-sided tape, and the bracket is attached to the housing 11 with glue or double-sided tape.

[0065] In some embodiments, a waterproof and breathable membrane 13 is disposed between the bracket and the housing 11. The waterproof and breathable membrane 13 is attached to the housing 11 with adhesive or double-sided tape, and the bracket is attached to the side of the waterproof and breathable membrane 13 away from the battery housing 11 with adhesive or double-sided tape.

[0066] For example, the working process of the pressure relief structure 10 provided in this application is as follows: In the initial state, the air pressure in the receiving cavity 111 has not reached the preset pressure. At this time, the rubber cap 121 is sealed in the opening 112, and the rubber cap 121 is in an undeformed state.

[0067] When the air pressure in the receiving cavity 111 reaches the preset pressure, the rubber cover 121 is at least partially away from the housing 11, the rubber cover 121 is in a deformed state, and the outer edge of the rubber cover 121 is raised away from the opening 112 to expose the opening 112.

[0068] At this time, the gas in the receiving cavity 111 is quickly discharged to the outside environment through the opening 112. When the depressurization time is sufficient and the pressure in the receiving cavity 111 drops below the preset pressure, the rubber cover 121 returns to its initial state.

[0069] One embodiment of this application provides a battery pack 100. The battery pack 100 is used for an energy storage power supply 1000 to store and supply electricity to the energy storage power supply 1000. The energy storage power supply 1000 is a mobile energy storage device, such as a small portable power bank.

[0070] As shown in Figures 6 and 7, the battery pack 100 includes a battery cell 20 and a pressure relief structure 10 as described in any of the above embodiments. The battery cell 20 is housed within a housing 11 in the pressure relief structure 10. The battery pack 100 of this application is provided with the aforementioned pressure relief structure 10. When the battery cell 20 is operating normally, the rubber cap 121 seals the opening 112 to prevent the housing 111 from communicating with the outside of the battery pack 100, thereby preventing gaseous and liquid water from the external environment from entering the housing 111, reducing the risk of condensation forming on the inner wall of the housing 11, and improving the waterproof effect.

[0071] When the air pressure in the cavity 111 reaches the preset pressure, the cap 121 is at least partially detached from the housing 11 to expose the opening 112, so that the gas in the cavity 111 is continuously discharged to the outside through the opening 112 at the first time, reducing the possibility of gas accumulation in the housing 11, thereby helping to reduce the risk of battery pack 100 explosion due to thermal runaway of cell 20 and improving the safety of battery pack 100.

[0072] One embodiment of this application provides an energy storage power supply 1000. As shown in Figures 6 and 7, the energy storage power supply 1000 includes a housing 200 and a battery pack 100 as described in any of the above embodiments, with the battery pack 100 installed inside the housing 200. The energy storage power supply 1000 of this application uses the aforementioned battery pack 100. When the battery cell 20 is operating normally, the rubber cap 121 seals the opening 112 to prevent the receiving cavity 111 from communicating with the outside of the battery pack 100, thereby preventing gaseous and liquid water from the external environment from entering the receiving cavity 111, reducing the risk of condensation forming on the inner wall of the housing 11, and improving the waterproof effect.

[0073] When the gas pressure in the cavity 111 reaches the preset pressure, the cap 121 is at least partially detached from the housing 11 to expose the opening 112, so that the gas in the cavity 111 is continuously discharged to the outside through the opening 112 at the first time, reducing the possibility of gas accumulation in the housing 11. This helps to reduce the risk of battery pack 100 explosion due to thermal runaway of cell 20, improves the safety of battery pack 100, and further improves the installability of energy storage power supply 1000.

[0074] In some embodiments, the energy storage power supply 1000 further includes a power conversion module (not shown). The power conversion module is housed within a housing 200. The housing 200 protects the power conversion module. The power conversion module is electrically connected to the battery pack 100. The power conversion module is used to control the AC / DC conversion of the output current of the battery pack 100. The energy storage device equipped with the power conversion module can be a small portable power supply, a residential energy storage power supply 1000, an industrial / commercial energy storage power supply 1000, or a containerized energy storage power supply 1000, etc.

[0075] In some embodiments, the power conversion module may be omitted. Energy storage devices without a power conversion module can be used independently. Energy storage devices without a power conversion module typically only output DC power. When used independently, energy storage devices without a power conversion module can be used in conjunction with energy storage devices that have a power conversion module as a power system providing additional battery capacity.

[0076] Furthermore, those skilled in the art should recognize that the above embodiments are merely illustrative of this application and are not intended to limit this application. Any appropriate changes and variations made to the above embodiments within the essential spirit and scope of this application fall within the scope of this application's disclosure.

Claims

1. A pressure relief structure applied to a battery pack, the battery pack having battery cells, wherein, The pressure relief structure includes: The housing has a receiving cavity configured to accommodate the battery cell, and the housing has an opening communicating with the receiving cavity; An explosion-proof valve is installed in the housing. The explosion-proof valve includes a rubber cap portion that closes the opening. The rubber cap portion is configured to deform at least partially and detach from the housing to expose the opening when the air pressure in the receiving cavity reaches a preset pressure. When the air pressure in the receiving cavity is lower than the preset pressure, the rubber cap portion closes the opening. During the process of the rubber cap portion detaching from the housing, the housing always avoids the outer edge of the rubber cap portion.

2. The pressure relief structure according to claim 1, wherein, The side of the housing containing the opening is defined as the projection surface. The orthographic projection of the cover portion on the projection surface fully covers the opening, and the edge of the orthographic projection is larger than the edge of the opening.

3. The pressure relief structure according to claim 1, wherein, The thickness of the rubber cap is the same at all points.

4. The pressure relief structure according to claim 1, wherein, The cap portion is circular and arches away from the opening.

5. The pressure relief structure according to claim 1, wherein, The edge of the cap portion has a protrusion, which is configured to surround the opening and abut against the housing when the cap portion is sealed in the opening.

6. The pressure relief structure according to claim 1, wherein, The cap portion is also provided with reinforcing ribs, which are located on the side of the cap portion facing the opening.

7. The pressure relief structure according to claim 1, wherein, The cap portion is also provided with reinforcing ribs, which are located on the side of the cap portion away from the opening.

8. The pressure relief structure according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein, The explosion-proof valve also includes a fixing part, which is installed on the side of the rubber cover facing the opening and connected to the housing.

9. The pressure relief structure according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein, The housing is also provided with ribs, which are located at the edge of the opening and surround the explosion-proof valve; along the air outlet direction of the opening, the height of the ribs is greater than the height of the explosion-proof valve.

10. The pressure relief structure according to claim 9, wherein, A clearance is formed between the rib and the edge of the rubber cover, and the clearance is configured to avoid the edge of the rubber cover as the rubber cover is detached from the housing.

11. The pressure relief structure according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein, The pressure relief structure also includes a waterproof and breathable membrane that covers the opening and is located on the side of the cap facing the opening. The waterproof and breathable membrane is configured to rupture when the pressure it bears reaches a preset value, so that an exhaust channel is formed at the opening.

12. A battery pack, wherein, It includes a battery cell and a pressure relief structure as described in any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the battery cell is housed within a housing in the pressure relief structure.

13. An energy storage power source, wherein, It includes a housing and a battery pack as described in claim 12, wherein the battery pack is installed within the housing.

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