Novel compounds as modulators of sodium channels and methods of uses thereof
Novel compounds targeting voltage-gated sodium channels provide effective treatment for chronic pain and related disorders by inhibiting sodium channels, addressing the need for new pain management strategies.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- INSILICO MEDICINE IP LTD
- Filing Date
- 2025-11-25
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-04
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Figure PCTCN2025137518-FTAPPB-I100001 
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Figure PCTCN2025137518-FTAPPB-I100003
Abstract
Description
NOVEL COMPOUNDS AS MODULATORS OF SODIUM CHANNELS AND METHODS OF USES THEREOFCROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
[0001] This patent application claims the benefit of International Application No. PCT / CN2024 / 134532, filed on November 26, 2024, International Application No. PCT / CN2025 / 079651, filed on February 27, 2025, International Application No. PCT / CN2025 / 086726, filed on April 01, 2025, International Application No. PCT / CN2025 / 089373, filed on April 16, 2025, and International Application No. PCT / CN2025 / 092175, filed on April 29, 2025, each of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.BACKGROUND
[0002] Pain is a protective mechanism that allows healthy animals to avoid tissue damage and to prevent further damage to injured tissue. Nonetheless there are many conditions where pain persists beyond its usefulness, or where patients would benefit from inhibition of pain. Neuropathic pain is a form of chronic pain caused by an injury to the sensory nerves.
[0003] Voltage-gated sodium channels (NaVs) are involved in pain signaling. NaVs are biological mediators of electrical signaling as they mediate the rapid upstroke of the action potential of many excitable cell types (e.g., neurons, skeletal myocytes, cardiac myocytes) . Because of the role NaVs play in the initiation and propagation of neuronal signals, antagonists that reduce NaV currents can prevent or reduce neural signaling and NaV channels have been considered likely targets to reduce pain in conditions where hyperexcitability is observed. Several clinically useful analgesics have been identified as inhibitors of NaV channels.
[0004] Therefore, there are still unsatisfied needs for novel compounds as modulators of sodium channels.SUMMARY
[0005] Disclosed herein a compound, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, or stereoisomer thereof, that is a voltage-gated sodium channel inhibitor.
[0006] Disclosed herein is a compound of Formula (I) , or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, or stereoisomer thereof:
[0007] Also disclosed herein is a pharmaceutical composition comprising a compound disclosed herein (e.g., a compound of Formula (I) , (Ia) , (Ib) , (Ic) , (Id) , (Ie) , (If) , (Iff) , (Ig) or (Ih) , or a compound set forth in Table 1 or Table 2) , or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, or stereoisomer thereof, and a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient.
[0008] Also disclosed herein is a method of inhibiting a voltage-gated sodium channel in a subject, the method comprising administering to the subject the compound disclosed herein (e.g., a compound of Formula (I) , (Ia) , (Ib) , (Ic) , (Id) , (Ie) , (If) , (Iff) , (Ig) or (Ih) , or a compound set forth in Table 1 or Table 2) , or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, or stereoisomer thereof, or the pharmaceutical composition disclosed herein.
[0009] Also disclosed herein is use of the compound disclosed herein (e.g., a compound of Formula (I) , (Ia) , (Ib) , (Ic) , (Id) , (Ie) , (If) , (Iff) , (Ig) or (Ih) , or a compound set forth in Table 1 or Table 2) , or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, or stereoisomer thereof, or the pharmaceutical composition disclosed herein in the manufacture of a medicament for inhibiting a voltage-gated sodium channel in a subject.
[0010] Also disclosed herein is use of the compound disclosed herein (e.g., a compound of Formula (I) , (Ia) , (Ib) , (Ic) , (Id) , (Ie) , (If) , (Iff) , (Ig) or (Ih) , or a compound set forth in Table 1 or Table 2) , or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, or stereoisomer thereof, or the pharmaceutical composition disclosed herein in the manufacture of a medicament for treating a disease or disorder in a subject in need thereof.
[0011] In some embodiments, the voltage-gated sodium channel is NaV1.8. In some embodiments, the disease or disorder is chronic pain, gut pain, neuropathic pain, musculoskeletal pain, acute pain, inflammatory pain, cancer pain, idiopathic pain, postsurgical pain, visceral pain, multiple sclerosis, Charcot-Marie-Tooth syndrome, incontinence, pathological cough, or cardiac arrhythmia. INCORPORATION BY REFERENCE
[0012] All publications, patents, and patent applications mentioned in this specification are herein incorporated by reference to the same extent as if each individual publication, patent, or patent application was specifically and individually indicated to be incorporated by reference.DETAILED DESCRIPTIONDefinitions
[0013] In the following description, certain specific details are set forth to provide a thorough understanding of various embodiments. However, one skilled in the art will understand that the invention may be practiced without these details. In other instances, well-known structures have not been shown or described in detail to avoid unnecessarily obscuring descriptions of the embodiments. Unless the context requires otherwise, throughout the specification and claims which follow, the word “comprise” and variations thereof, such as, “comprises” and “comprising” are to be construed in an open, inclusive sense, that is, as “including, but not limited to. ” Further, headings provided herein are for convenience only and do not interpret the scope or meaning of the claimed invention.
[0014] Reference throughout this specification to “some embodiments” or “an embodiment” means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment. Thus, the appearances of the phrases “in one embodiment” or “in an embodiment” in various places throughout this specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments. Also, as used in this specification and the appended claims, the singular forms “a, ” “an, ” and “the” include plural referents unless the content clearly dictates otherwise. It should also be noted that the term “or” is generally employed in its sense including “and / or” unless the content clearly dictates otherwise.
[0015] The terms below, as used herein, have the following meanings, unless indicated otherwise.
[0016] Definitions of specific functional groups and chemical terms are described in more detail below. For purposes of this disclosure, the chemical elements are identified in accordance with the Periodic Table of the Elements, CAS version, Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 75th Ed., inside cover, and specific functional groups are generally defined as described therein. Additionally, general principles of organic chemistry, as well as specific functional moieties and reactivity, are described in Organic Chemistry, Thomas Sorrell, 2nd Edition, University Science Books, Sausalito, 2006; Smith and March March’s Advanced Organic Chemistry, 6th Edition, John Wiley &Sons, Inc., New York, 2007; Larock, Comprehensive Organic Transformations, 3rd Edition, VCH Publishers, Inc., New York, 2018; Carruthers, Some Modern Methods of Organic Synthesis, 4th Edition, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2004; the entire contents of each of which are incorporated herein by reference.
[0017] At various places in the present disclosure, linking substituents are described. Where the structure clearly requires a linking group, the Markush variables listed for that group are understood to be linking groups. For example, if the structure requires a linking group and the Markush group definition for that variable lists “alkyl” , then it is understood that the “alkyl” represents a linking alkylene group.
[0018] When a bond to a substituent is shown to cross a bond connecting two atoms in a ring, then such substituent may be bonded to any atom in the ring. When a substituent is listed without indicating the atom via which such substituent is bonded to the rest of the compound of a given formula, then such substituent may be bonded via any atom in such formula. Combinations of substituents and / or variables are permissible, but only if such combinations result in stable compounds.
[0019] When any variable (e.g., Ri) occurs more than one time in any constituent or formula for a compound, its definition at each occurrence is independent of its definition at every other occurrence. Thus, for example, if a group is shown to be substituted with 0-2 Ri moieties, then the group may optionally be substituted with up to two Ri moieties and Ri at each occurrence is selected independently from the definition of Ri. Also, combinations of substituents and / or variables are permissible, but only if such combinations result in stable compounds.
[0020] As used herein, the term “Ci-Cj” indicates a range of the carbon atoms numbers, wherein i and j are integers and the range of the carbon atoms numbers includes the endpoints (i.e. i and j) and each integer point in between, and wherein j is greater than i. For examples, C1-C6 indicates a range of one to six carbon atoms, including one carbon atom, two carbon atoms, three carbon atoms, four carbon atoms, five carbon atoms and six carbon atoms. In some embodiments, the term “C1-12” indicates 1 to 12, particularly 1 to 10, particularly 1 to 8, particularly 1 to 6, particularly 1 to 5, particularly 1 to 4, particularly 1 to 3 or particularly 1 to 2 carbon atoms.
[0021] “Oxo” refers to =O.
[0022] “Cyano” refers to -CN.
[0023] “Amino” , whether as part of another term or used independently, refers to the group -NRaRb, wherein Ra and Rb are independently selected from groups consisting of hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, haloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl or other suitable organic groups and each of which may be optionally substituted.
[0024] “Hydroxy” or “hydroxyl” , whether as part of another term or used independently, refers to -OH.
[0025] “Alkyl” , whether as part of another term or used independently, refers to a straight-chain, or branched-chain saturated hydrocarbon monoradical having from one to about ten carbon atoms, more preferably one to six carbon atoms. Examples include, but are not limited to methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, 2-methyl-1-propyl, 2-methyl-2-propyl, 2-methyl-1-butyl, 3-methyl-1-butyl, 2-methyl-3-butyl, 2, 2-dimethyl-1-propyl, 2-methyl-1-pentyl, 3-methyl-1-pentyl, 4-methyl-1-pentyl, 2-methyl-2-pentyl, 3-methyl-2-pentyl, 4-methyl-2-pentyl, 2, 2-dimethyl-1-butyl, 3, 3-dimethyl-1-butyl, 2-ethyl-1-butyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, sec-butyl, t-butyl, n-pentyl, isopentyl, neopentyl, tert-amyl and hexyl, and longer alkyl groups, such as heptyl, octyl and the like. Whenever it appears herein, a numerical range such as “C1-C6 alkyl” or “C1-6alkyl” , means that the alkyl group may consist of 1 carbon atom, 2 carbon atoms, 3 carbon atoms, 4 carbon atoms, 5 carbon atoms or 6 carbon atoms, although the present definition also covers the occurrence of the term “alkyl” where no numerical range is designated. In some embodiments, the alkyl is a C1-10alkyl. In some embodiments, the alkyl is a C1-6alkyl. In some embodiments, the alkyl is a C1-5alkyl. In some embodiments, the alkyl is a C1-4alkyl. In some embodiments, the alkyl is a C1-3alkyl. Unless stated otherwise specifically in the specification, an alkyl group may be optionally substituted, for example, with one or more substituents, such as oxo, halogen, amino, cyano, nitro, hydroxyl, haloalkyl, alkoxy, carboxyl, carboxylate, aryl, cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, heteroaryl, and the like. In some embodiments, the alkyl is optionally substituted with one or more substituents, such as oxo, halogen, -CN, -COOH, -COOMe, -OH, -OMe, -NH2, or -NO2. In some embodiments, the alkyl is optionally substituted with one or more substituents, such as halogen, -CN, -OH, or -OMe. In some embodiments, the alkyl is optionally substituted with halogen.
[0026] “Alkenyl” , whether as part of another term or used independently, refers to a straight-chain, or branched-chain hydrocarbon monoradical having one or more carbon-carbon double-bonds and having from two to about ten carbon atoms, more preferably two to about six carbon atoms. The group may be in either the cis or trans configuration, or alternatively, E or Z configuration about the double bond (s) , and should be understood to include both isomers. Examples include, but are not limited to ethenyl (-CH=CH2) , 1-propenyl (-CH2CH=CH2) , isopropenyl [-C (CH3) =CH2] , butenyl, 1, 3-butadienyl and the like. Whenever it appears herein, a numerical range such as “C2-C6 alkenyl” or “C2-6alkenyl” , means that the alkenyl group may consist of 2 carbon atoms, 3 carbon atoms, 4 carbon atoms, 5 carbon atoms or 6 carbon atoms, although the present definition also covers the occurrence of the term “alkenyl” where no numerical range is designated. Unless stated otherwise specifically in the specification, an alkenyl group may be optionally substituted, for example, with one or more substituents, such as oxo, halogen, amino, cyano, nitro, hydroxyl, haloalkyl, alkoxy, carboxyl, carboxylate, aryl, cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, heteroaryl, and the like. In some embodiments, the alkenyl is optionally substituted with one or more substituents, such as oxo, halogen, -CN, -COOH, -COOMe, -OH, -OMe, -NH2, or -NO2. In some embodiments, the alkenyl is optionally substituted with one or more substituents, such as halogen, -CN, -OH, or -OMe. In some embodiments, the alkenyl is optionally substituted with halogen.
[0027] “Alkynyl” , whether as part of another term or used independently, refers to a straight-chain or branched-chain hydrocarbon monoradical having one or more carbon-carbon triple-bonds and having from two to about ten carbon atoms, more preferably from two to about six carbon atoms. Examples include, but are not limited to ethynyl, 2-propynyl, 2-butynyl, 1, 3-butadiynyl and the like. Whenever it appears herein, a numerical range such as “C2-C6alkynyl” or “C2-6alkynyl” , means that the alkynyl group may consist of 2 carbon atoms, 3 carbon atoms, 4 carbon atoms, 5 carbon atoms or 6 carbon atoms, although the present definition also covers the occurrence of the term “alkynyl” where no numerical range is designated. Unless stated otherwise specifically in the specification, an alkynyl group may be optionally substituted, for example, with one or more substituents, such as oxo, halogen, amino, cyano, nitro, hydroxyl, haloalkyl, alkoxy, carboxyl, carboxylate, aryl, cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, heteroaryl, and the like. In some embodiments, the alkynyl is optionally substituted with one or more substituents, such as oxo, halogen, -CN, -COOH, -COOMe, -OH, -OMe, -NH2, or -NO2. In some embodiments, the alkynyl is optionally substituted with one or more substituents, such as halogen, -CN, -OH, or -OMe. In some embodiments, the alkynyl is optionally substituted with halogen.
[0028] “Alkoxy” , whether as part of another term or used independently, refers to a radical of the formula -ORa where Ra is an alkyl radical as defined. Whenever it appears herein, a numerical range such as “C1-C6 alkoxy” or “C1-6alkoxy” , means that the alkyl group may consist of 1 carbon atom, 2 carbon atoms, 3 carbon atoms, 4 carbon atoms, 5 carbon atoms or 6 carbon atoms, although the present definition also covers the occurrence of the term “alkoxy” where no numerical range is designated. In some embodiments, the alkoxy is a C1-10alkoxy. In some embodiments, the alkoxy is a C1-6alkoxy. In some embodiments, the alkoxy is a C1-5alkoxy. In some embodiments, the alkoxy is a C1-4alkoxy. In some embodiments, the alkoxy is a C1-3alkoxy. In some embodiments, the alkoxy is a C1-2alkoxy. In some embodiments, the alkoxy is methoxy. Unless stated otherwise specifically in the specification, an alkoxy group may be optionally substituted, for example, with oxo, halogen, amino, cyano, nitro, hydroxyl, haloalkyl, alkoxy, carboxyl, carboxylate, aryl, cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, heteroaryl, and the like. In some embodiments, the alkoxy is optionally substituted with halogen, -CN, -COOH, -COOMe, -OH, -OMe, -NH2, or -NO2. In some embodiments, the alkoxy is optionally substituted with halogen, -CN, -OH, or -OMe. In some embodiments, the alkoxy is optionally substituted with halogen.
[0029] “Aryl” , whether as part of another term or used independently, refers to a radical derived from a hydrocarbon ring system comprising 6 to 30 carbon atoms and at least one aromatic ring. The aryl radical may be a monocyclic or polycyclic (including but not limited to, bicyclic, tricyclic, or tetracyclic) ring system. The polycyclic ring system may include fused (for example, an aromatic ring fused with a cycloalkyl ring) , bridged (for example, an aromatic ring fused with a bridged cycloalkyl ring) or spiro (for example, an aromatic ring fused with a spiro cycloalkyl ring) ring systems. In some embodiments, the aryl is a 6-to 10-membered aryl. In some embodiments, the aryl is a 6-membered aryl (phenyl) . Aryl radicals include, but are not limited to, aryl radicals derived from the hydrocarbon ring systems of anthracene, azulene, benzene, chrysene, fluoranthene, fluorene, as-indacene, s-indacene, indane, indene, naphthalene, phenalene, phenanthrene, pleiadene, pyrene, and triphenylene. Unless stated otherwise specifically in the specification, an aryl may be optionally substituted, for example, with one or more substituents, such as halogen, amino, cyano, nitro, hydroxyl, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, haloalkyl, alkoxy, carboxyl, carboxylate, aryl, cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, heteroaryl, and the like. In some embodiments, the aryl is optionally substituted with one or more substituents, such as halogen, methyl, ethyl, -CN, -COOH, -COOMe, -CF3, -OH, -OMe, -NH2, or -NO2. In some embodiments, the aryl is optionally substituted with one or more substituents, such as halogen, methyl, ethyl, -CN, -CF3, -OH, or -OMe. In some embodiments, the aryl is optionally substituted with halogen.
[0030] As used herein, the term “fused” with respect to a polycyclic (including but not limited to, bicyclic, tricyclic, or tetracyclic) system, refers to two rings sharing two adjacent ring atoms. Examples including but not limited to and the like. Whenever it appears herein, a numerical term such as “5-6 fused” , means that the fused group consists of a 5-membered ring and a 6 membered ring which are fused with each other, although the present definition also covers the occurrence of the term “fused” where no numerical term is designated. For example, is a 5-5 fused group, and is a 5-6 fused group.
[0031] As used herein, the term “spiro” with respect to a polycyclic (including but not limited to, bicyclic, tricyclic, or tetracyclic) system, refers to two rings sharing one ring atom. Examples including but not limited to and the like. Whenever it appears herein, a numerical term such as “5-6 spiro” , means that the spiro group consists of a 5-membered ring and a 6 membered ring which are spiro with each other, although the present definition also covers the occurrence of the term “spiro” where no numerical term is designated. For example, is a 3-6 spiro group.
[0032] As used herein, the term “bridged” with respect to a polycyclic (including but not limited to, bicyclic, tricyclic, or tetracyclic) system, refers to two rings sharing two non-adjacent ring atoms and one or more ring atoms between them. Examples including but not limited to and the like.
[0033] In some embodiments, a polycyclic system with three or more rings (e.g., tricyclic system) may comprise a first ring fused with a second ring and a third ring fused with the first ring, which refers to “fused-fused” group herein. Examples including but not limited to and the like. In other embodiments, a polycyclic system with three or more rings (e.g., tricyclic system) may comprise a first ring fused with a second ring and a third ring spiro with the first ring, which refers to “fused-spiro” group herein. Examples including but not limited to and the like. In still other embodiments, a polycyclic system with three or more rings (e.g., tricyclic system) may comprise a first ring spiro with a second ring and a third ring spiro with the first ring, which refers to “spiro-spiro” group herein. Examples including but not limited to and the like.
[0034] “Cycloalkyl” , whether as part of another term or used independently, refers to a partially or fully saturated, monocyclic, or polycyclic carbocyclic ring, which may include fused (for example, fused with another cycloalkyl ring) , spiro, or bridged ring systems. In some embodiments, the cycloalkyl is fully saturated. In some embodiments, the cycloalkyl is partially saturated. Representative cycloalkyls include, but are not limited to, cycloalkyls having from three to fifteen carbon atoms (C3-C15 fully saturated cycloalkyl or C3-C15 cycloalkenyl) , from three to ten carbon atoms (C3-C10 fully saturated cycloalkyl or C3-C10 cycloalkenyl) , from three to eight carbon atoms (C3-C8 fully saturated cycloalkyl or C3-C8 cycloalkenyl) , from three to six carbon atoms (C3-C6 fully saturated cycloalkyl or C3-C6 cycloalkenyl) , from three to five carbon atoms (C3-C5 fully saturated cycloalkyl or C3-C5 cycloalkenyl) , or three to four carbon atoms (C3-C4 fully saturated cycloalkyl or C3-C4 cycloalkenyl) . In some embodiments, the cycloalkyl is a 3-to 10-membered fully saturated cycloalkyl or a 3-to 10-membered cycloalkenyl. In some embodiments, the cycloalkyl is a 3-to 6-membered fully saturated cycloalkyl or a 3-to 6-membered cycloalkenyl. In some embodiments, the cycloalkyl is a 5-to 6-membered fully saturated cycloalkyl or a 5-to 6-membered cycloalkenyl. Monocyclic cycloalkyls include, for example, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, and cyclooctyl. Polycyclic cycloalkyls include, for example, adamantyl, norbornyl, decalinyl, bicyclo [3.3.0] octane, bicyclo [4.3.0] nonane, cis-decalin, trans-decalin, bicyclo [2.1.1] hexane, bicyclo [2.2.1] heptane, bicyclo [2.2.2] octane, bicyclo [3.2.2] nonane, and bicyclo [3.3.2] decane, and 7, 7-dimethyl-bicyclo [2.2.1] heptanyl. Partially saturated cycloalkyls include, for example cyclopentenyl, cyclohexenyl, cycloheptenyl, and cyclooctenyl. Unless stated otherwise specifically in the specification, a cycloalkyl is optionally substituted, for example, with one or more substituents, such as oxo, halogen, amino, cyano, nitro, hydroxyl, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, haloalkyl, alkoxy, carboxyl, carboxylate, aryl, cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, heteroaryl, and the like. In some embodiments, a cycloalkyl is optionally substituted with one or more substituents, such as oxo, halogen, methyl, ethyl, -CN, -COOH, -COOMe, -CF3, -OH, -OMe, -NH2, or -NO2. In some embodiments, a cycloalkyl is optionally substituted with one or more substituents, such as oxo, halogen, methyl, ethyl, -CN, -CF3, -OH, or -OMe. In some embodiments, the cycloalkyl is optionally substituted with halogen.
[0035] “Cycloalkoxyl” , whether as part of another term or used independently, refers to -O-cycloalkyl.
[0036] “Halo” or “halogen” refers to bromo, chloro, fluoro or iodo. In some embodiments, halogen is fluoro or chloro. In some embodiments, halogen is fluoro.
[0037] “Haloalkyl” refers to an alkyl radical, as defined above, that is substituted by one or more halo radicals, as defined above, e.g., trifluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, fluoromethyl, trichloromethyl, 2, 2, 2-trifluoroethyl, 1, 2-difluoroethyl, 3-bromo-2-fluoropropyl, 1, 2-dibromoethyl, and the like.
[0038] “Heteroaryl” , whether as part of another term or used independently, refers to a 5-to 14-membered ring system radical comprising one to thirteen carbon atoms, one to six heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of nitrogen, oxygen, phosphorous, and sulfur, and at least one aromatic ring. In some embodiments, the heteroaryl comprises one to three heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur. In some embodiments, the heteroaryl comprises one to three heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of nitrogen and oxygen. In some embodiments, the heteroaryl comprises one to three nitrogens. In some embodiments, the heteroaryl comprises one or two nitrogens. In some embodiments, the heteroaryl comprises one nitrogen. The heteroaryl radical may be a monocyclic or polycyclic (such as, bicyclic, tricyclic, or tetracyclic) ring system. The polycyclic ring system may include fused (for example, a heteroaryl ring fused with a cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl or aryl ring, or an aryl ring fused with a heterocyclyl ring) , bridged (for example, an aryl or heteroaryl ring fused with a bridged cycloalkyl or heterocyclyl ring) or spiro (for example, an aryl ring fused with a spiro heterocyclyl ring, or an heteroaryl ring fused with a spiro cycloalkyl or spiro heterocyclyl ring) ring systems. The nitrogen, carbon, or sulfur atoms in the heteroaryl radical may be optionally oxidized; the nitrogen atom may be optionally quarternized. In some embodiments, the heteroaryl is a 5-to 10-membered heteroaryl. In some embodiments, the heteroaryl is a 5-to 6-membered heteroaryl. In some embodiments, the heteroaryl is a 6-membered heteroaryl. In some embodiments, the heteroaryl is a 5-membered heteroaryl. Examples include, but are not limited to, azepinyl, acridinyl, benzimidazolyl, benzothiazolyl, benzindolyl, benzodioxolyl, benzofuranyl, benzooxazolyl, benzothiazolyl, benzothiadiazolyl, benzo [b] [1, 4] dioxepinyl, 1, 4-benzodioxanyl, benzonaphthofuranyl, benzoxazolyl, benzodioxolyl, benzodioxinyl, benzopyranyl, benzopyranonyl, benzofuranyl, benzofuranonyl, benzothienyl (benzothiophenyl) , benzotriazolyl, benzo [4, 6] imidazo [1, 2-a] pyridinyl, carbazolyl, cinnolinyl, dibenzofuranyl, dibenzothiophenyl, furanyl, furanonyl, isothiazolyl, imidazolyl, indazolyl, indolyl, isoindolyl, indolinyl, isoindolinyl, isoquinolyl, indolizinyl, isoxazolyl, naphthyridinyl, oxadiazolyl, 2-oxoazepinyl, oxazolyl, oxiranyl, 1-oxidopyridinyl, 1-oxidopyrimidinyl, 1-oxidopyrazinyl, 1-oxidopyridazinyl, 1-phenyl-1H-pyrrolyl, phenazinyl, phenothiazinyl, phenoxazinyl, phthalazinyl, pteridinyl, purinyl, pyrrolyl, pyrazolyl, pyridinyl, pyridyl 1-oxide, pyrazinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyridazinyl, quinazolinyl, quinoxalinyl, quinolinyl, quinuclidinyl, isoquinolinyl, tetrahydroquinolinyl, thiazolyl, thiadiazolyl, triazolyl, tetrazolyl, triazinyl, and thiophenyl (i.e., thienyl) . Unless stated otherwise specifically in the specification, a heteroaryl may be optionally substituted, for example, with one or more substituents, such as halogen, amino, cyano, nitro, hydroxyl, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, haloalkyl, alkoxy, carboxyl, carboxylate, aryl, cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, heteroaryl, and the like. In some embodiments, the heteroaryl is optionally substituted with one or more substituents, such as halogen, methyl, ethyl, -CN, -COOH, COOMe, -CF3, -OH, -OMe, -NH2, or -NO2. In some embodiments, the heteroaryl is optionally substituted with one or more substituents, such as halogen, methyl, ethyl, -CN, -CF3, -OH, or -OMe. In some embodiments, the heteroaryl is optionally substituted with halogen.
[0039] “Heterocyclyl” , whether as part of another term or used independently, refers to a 3-to 24-membered partially or fully saturated ring radical comprising 2 to 23 carbon atoms and from 1 to 8 heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of nitrogen, oxygen, phosphorous, silicon, and sulfur. In some embodiments, the heterocyclyl is fully saturated. In some embodiments, the heterocyclyl is partially unsaturated. In some embodiments, the heterocyclyl comprises one to three heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur. In some embodiments, the heterocyclyl comprises one to three heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of nitrogen and oxygen. In some embodiments, the heterocyclyl comprises one to three nitrogens. In some embodiments, the heterocyclyl comprises one or two nitrogens. In some embodiments, the heterocyclyl comprises one nitrogen. In some embodiments, the heterocyclyl comprises one nitrogen and one oxygen. Unless stated otherwise specifically in the specification, the heterocyclyl radical may be a monocyclic or polycyclic (including but not limited to, bicyclic, tricyclic, or tetracyclic) ring system. The polycyclic ring system may include fused (for example, a heterocyclyl ring fused with a cycloalkyl or another heterocyclyl ring) , spiro, or bridged ring systems. The nitrogen, carbon, or sulfur atoms in the heterocyclyl radical may be optionally oxidized; the nitrogen atom may be optionally quarternized. Representative heterocyclyls include, but are not limited to, heterocyclyls having from two to fifteen carbon atoms (C2-C15 heterocyclyl) , from two to ten carbon atoms (C2-C10 heterocyclyl) , from two to eight carbon atoms (C2-C8 heterocyclyl) , from two to seven carbon atoms (C2-C7 heterocyclyl) , from two to six carbon atoms (C2-C6 heterocyclyl) , from two to five carbon atoms (C2-C5 heterocyclyl) , or two to four carbon atoms (C2-C4 heterocyclyl) . Examples of such heterocyclyl radicals include, but are not limited to, aziridinyl, azetidinyl, oxetanyl, dioxolanyl, dihydrofuryl, decahydroisoquinolyl, imidazolinyl, imidazolidinyl, isothiazolidinyl, isoxazolidinyl, morpholinyl, octahydroindolyl, octahydroisoindolyl, 2-oxopiperazinyl, 2-oxopiperidinyl, 2-oxopyrrolidinyl, oxazolidinyl, piperidinyl, piperazinyl, 4-piperidonyl, pyrrolidinyl, pyrazolidinyl, quinuclidinyl, thiazolidinyl, tetrahydrofuryl, trithianyl, tetrahydropyranyl, thiomorpholinyl, thiamorpholinyl, 1-oxo-thiomorpholinyl, 1, 1-dioxo-thiomorpholinyl, 1, 3-dihydroisobenzofuran-1-yl, 3-oxo-1, 3-dihydroisobenzofuran-1-yl, methyl-2-oxo-1, 3-dioxol-4-yl, and 2-oxo-1, 3-dioxol-4-yl. The term heterocyclyl also includes all ring forms of the carbohydrates, including but not limited to the monosaccharides, the disaccharides, and the oligosaccharides. In some embodiments, heterocyclyls have from 2 to 10 carbons in the ring. It is understood that when referring to the number of carbon atoms in a heterocyclyl, the number of carbon atoms in the heterocyclyl is not the same as the total number of atoms (including the heteroatoms) that make up the heterocyclyl (i.e. skeletal atoms of the heterocyclyl ring) . In some embodiments, the heterocyclyl is a 3-to 8-membered fully saturated heterocyclyl. In some embodiments, the heterocyclyl is a 3-to 7-membered fully saturated heterocyclyl. In some embodiments, the heterocyclyl is a 3-to 6-membered fully saturated heterocyclyl. In some embodiments, the heterocyclyl is a 4-to 6-membered fully saturated heterocyclyl. In some embodiments, the heterocyclyl is a 5-to 6-membered fully saturated heterocyclyl. Unless stated otherwise specifically in the specification, a heterocyclyl may be optionally substituted as described below, for example, with one or more substituents, such as oxo, halogen, amino, cyano, nitro, hydroxyl, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, haloalkyl, alkoxy, carboxyl, carboxylate, aryl, cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, heteroaryl, and the like. In some embodiments, the heterocyclyl is optionally substituted with one or more substituents, such as oxo, halogen, methyl, ethyl, -CN, -COOH, -COOMe, -CF3, -OH, -OMe, -NH2, or -NO2. In some embodiments, the heterocyclyl is optionally substituted with one or more substituents, such as halogen, methyl, ethyl, -CN, -CF3, -OH, or -OMe. In some embodiments, the heterocyclyl is optionally substituted with halogen.
[0040] The term “partially saturated” or “partially unsaturated” refers to a radical that includes at least one double or triple bond and is intended to encompass rings having multiple sites of unsaturation, but is not intended to include aromatic (i.e., fully unsaturated) moieties.
[0041] The term “optional” or “optionally” means that the subsequently described event or circumstance may or may not occur, and that the description includes instances where said event or circumstance occurs and instances in which it does not. For example, “optionally substituted alkyl” means either “alkyl” or “substituted alkyl” as defined above. Further, an optionally substituted group may be un-substituted (e.g., -CH2CH3) , fully substituted (e.g., -CF2CF3) , mono-substituted (e.g., -CH2CH2F) or substituted at a level anywhere in-between fully substituted and mono-substituted (e.g., -CH2CHF2, -CH2CF3, -CF2CH3, -CFHCHF2, etc. ) . It will be understood by those skilled in the art with respect to any group containing one or more substituents that such groups are not intended to introduce any substitution or substitution patterns that are sterically impractical and / or synthetically non-feasible. Thus, any substituents described should generally be understood as having a maximum molecular weight of about 1, 000 daltons, and more typically, up to about 500 daltons.
[0042] The term “one or more” when referring to an optional substituent means that the subject group is optionally substituted with one, two, three, four substituents, or more substituents. In some embodiments, the subject group is optionally substituted with one, two, three, or four substituents. In some embodiments, the subject group is optionally substituted with one, two, or three substituents. In some embodiments, the subject group is optionally substituted with one or two substituents. In some embodiments, the subject group is optionally substituted with one substituent. In some embodiments, the subject group is optionally substituted with two substituents.
[0043] The term “subject” or “patient” as used herein means mammals and non-mammals. Mammals means any member of the mammalia class including, but not limited to, humans; non-human primates such as chimpanzees and other apes and monkey species; farm animals such as cattle, horses, sheep, goats, and swine; domestic animals such as rabbits, dogs, and cats; laboratory animals including rodents, such as rats, mice, and guinea pigs; and the like. Examples of non-mammals include, but are not limited to, birds, and the like. The term “subject” or “patient” does not denote a particular age or sex. In some embodiments, the subject or patient is a human.
[0044] An “effective amount” or “therapeutically effective amount” refers to an amount of a compound administered to a mammalian subject, either as a single dose or as part of a series of doses, which is effective to produce a desired therapeutic effect.
[0045] The terms “treat” , “treating” or “treatment” as used herein, include alleviating, abating, or ameliorating at least one symptom of a disease or condition, preventing additional symptoms, inhibiting the disease or condition, e.g., arresting the development of the disease or condition, relieving the disease or condition, causing regression of the disease or condition, relieving a condition caused by the disease or condition, or stopping the symptoms of the disease or condition. An “effective amount” or “therapeutically effective amount” refers to an amount of a compound administered to a mammalian subject, either as a single dose or as part of a series of doses, which is effective to produce a desired therapeutic effect. Compounds
[0046] Described herein are compounds, or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof useful as modulators of sodium channels and in the treatment of diseases or disorders, such as pain including neuropathic pain, musculoskeletal pain, acute pain, postsurgical pain, visceral pain, etc.
[0047] Disclosed herein is a compound of Formula (I) , or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, or stereoisomer thereof: wherein: X is -O-, -S-or -N (Ra1) -; Ring A is aryl or heteroaryl; Ring B is cycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl or heterocyclyl; L1 is a bond, -O-, -S-, -C (=O) -, -S (=O) -, -S (=O) 2-, -C (Rb1) 2-, -N (Ra2) -, -C (=O) N (Ra2) -, -N (Ra2) C (=O) -, -N (Ra2) C (=O) N (Ra2) -, -S (=O) N (Ra2) -, -N (Ra2) S (=O) -, -S (=O) 2N (Ra2) -, -N (Ra2) S (=O) 2-, -C (=O) O-, -OC (=O) -, -OC (=O) O-, -OC (=O) N (Ra2) -, -N (Ra2) C (=O) O-, -N (Ra2) C (=NCN) -, -C (=NCN) N (Ra2) -, -O-alkyl-, -alkyl-O-, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, or heteroaryl; L2 is -C (=O) N (Ra3) -, -N (Ra3) C (=O) -, -C (=S) N (Ra3) -, -N (Ra3) C (=S) -, -S (=O) N (Ra3) -, -S (=O) 2N (Ra3) -, -cycloalkyl-N (Ra3) -, -C (=O) N (Ra3) -cycloalkyl-, -C (=O) N (Ra3) -heterocyclyl-, -C (Rb2) 2-N (Ra3) -, heterocyclyl or heteroaryl, wherein the cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl or heteroaryl are optionally substituted with one or more R; each of R1 and R2 is independently halogen, -SF5, alkyl, alkynyl, or haloalkyl; each of R3 and R4 is independently hydrogen, -SF5, halogen, cyano, alkyl, alkynyl, or -N (Ra4) 2; or R1 and R2 together with the atom which they are attached form a cycloalkyl, or heterocyclyl, each optionally substituted with one or more R; or R3 and R4 together with the atom which they are attached form a cycloalkyl, or heterocyclyl, each optionally substituted with one or more R; or R1 and R3 together with the adjacent atoms which they are attached form a cycloalkyl, or heterocyclyl, each optionally substituted with one or more R; or R2 and R3 together with the adjacent atoms which they are attached form a cycloalkyl, or heterocyclyl, each optionally substituted with one or more R; R5 is hydrogen, -SF5, halogen or alkyl; each R6 is independently halogen, -SF5, alkyl, haloalkoxyl, alkoxyl, cycloalkyl-O-or halocycloalkyl-O-; or two R6 together with the intervening atom (s) form a cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, aryl or heteroaryl, each optionally substituted with one or more R8; each R7 is independently halogen, amino, oxo, -C (=O) OH, -C (=O) -NH2, -C (=O) -NH-alkyl, -C (=O) -NH-cycloalkyl, -C (=NRa5) -NRa6Ra7, -NHC (=NH) -NH2, -NHC (=O) -NH2, -NHC (=O) -NH2 -C (=O) NHC (=NH) -NH2, -cycloalkyl-NH2, -CH (haloalkyl) -NH2, -cycloalkyl-C (=NRa5) -NRa6Ra7, -heterocyclyl-C (=NRa5) -NRa6Ra7, -S (=O) 2Ra9, -S (=O) 2NRa6Ra7, S (=O) (=NH) Ra10, -N=S (=O) (Ra6Ra7) , -S (=O) (Ra9) (=NRa5) , -BRa6Ra7, -ORa6, -SF5, haloalkyl, alkyl, alkoxyl, cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, or heteroaryl, wherein the cycloalkyl moiety of -C (=O) -NH-cycloalkyl and -cycloalkyl-NH2 are optionally substituted with one or more groups independently selected from halogen, hydroxyl, amino, cyano or alkyl; the NH, haloalkyl, alkyl, alkoxyl, cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, and heteroaryl are optionally substituted with one or more R; each R8 is independently selected from halogen, -SF5, hydroxyl, cyano, alkyl, alkoxy, or haloalkyl; or two R8 together with the intervening atom (s) form a cycloalkyl or heterocyclyl, each optionally substituted with one or more groups independently selected from halogen, hydroxyl, -SF5, cyano, alkyl, alkoxy, or haloalkyl; each of Ra1, Ra2, Ra3, Ra4, Ra8, Rb1 and Rb2 is independently hydrogen, -SF5, alkyl, cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl or haloalkyl; each of Ra5, Ra6 , Ra7 and Ra10 is independently hydrogen, hydroxyl, -SF5, cyano, alkyl, cycloalkyl, alkoxy, -ORa6, cycloalkoxy, -cycloalkoxy-alkyl, -alkyl-cycloalkyl, -cycloalkyl-alkyl, -alkoxy-cycloalkyl, -C (=O) Ra8, -C (=O) ORa9, cycloalkyl, or heterocyclyl, wherein the alkyl, cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, alkoxy, cycloalkoxy, -cycloalkoxy-alkyl, -alkyl-cycloalkyl, -cycloalkyl-alkyl, and -alkoxy-cycloalkyl are optionally substituted with one or more groups independently selected from halogen, hydroxyl, amino or cyano; R is independently is independently oxo, halogen, -SF5, -CN, -OH, -OC1-C6alkyl, -S (=O) C1-C6alkyl, -S (=O) 2C1-C6alkyl, -S (=O) 2NH2, -S (=O) 2NHC1-C6alkyl, -S (=O) 2N (C1-C6alkyl) 2, -NH2, -NHC1-C6alkyl, -N (C1-C6alkyl) 2, -NHC (=O) OC1-C6alkyl, -C (=O) C1-C6alkyl, -C (=O) OH, -C (=O) OC1-C6alkyl, -C (=O) NH2, -C (=O) N (C1-C6alkyl) 2, -C (=O) NHC1-C6alkyl, C1-C6alkyl, C1-C6haloalkyl, C1-C6hydroxyalkyl, C1-C6aminoalkyl, C1-C6heteroalkyl, cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, or heteroaryl, wherein the alkyl, haloalkyl, hydroxyalkyl, aminoalkyl, heteroalkyl, cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, and heteroaryl are optionally substituted with one or more groups independently selected from halogen, hydroxyl, amino, cyano, alkyl, haloalkyl, hydroxyalkyl, aminoalkyl, heteroalkyl, cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, or heteroaryl ; or two R on the same atom are taken together to form an oxo; Ra9 is alkyl, cycloalkyl or haloalkyl; n is any integer of 0-5; and m is any integer of 0-5.
[0048] In some embodiments of a compound of Formula (I) , the compound is of Formula (Ia) : wherein: each of R6a1, R6a2, R6a3, R6a4 and R6a5 is independently hydrogen or R6; or R6a1 and R6a2 together with the adjacent atoms which they are attached form a cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, aryl or heteroaryl, each optionally substituted with one or more R8, or R6a2 and R6a3 together with the adjacent atoms which they are attached form a cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, aryl or heteroaryl, each optionally substituted with one or more R8.
[0049] In some embodiments of a compound of Formula (Ia) , each of R6a1, R6a2, R6a3, R6a4 and R6a5 is independently hydrogen, halogen, -SF5, C1-6alkyl, C1-6haloalkoxyl, C1-6alkoxyl, C3-6cycloalkyl-O-or haloC3-6cycloalkyl-O-. In some embodiments each of R6a1, R6a2, R6a3, R6a4 and R6a5 is independently hydrogen, halogen, -SF5, C1-6alkyl, or C1-6alkoxyl. In some embodiments each of R6a4 and R6a5 is independently hydrogen. In some embodiments, each of R6a2 and R6a3 is independently halogen. In some embodiments, each of R6a2 and R6a3 is independently F. In some embodiments, R6a1 is independently C1-6 alkoxyl, C1-5 alkoxyl, C1-4 alkoxyl, C1-3 alkoxyl, C1-2 alkoxyl, C6 alkoxyl, C5 alkoxyl, C4 alkoxyl, C3 alkoxyl, C2 alkoxyl or C1 alkoxyl. In some embodiments, R6a1 is independently OCH3.
[0050] In some embodiments of a compound of Formula (Ia) , R6a2 and R6a3 together with the adjacent atoms to which they are attached form a C3-8cycloalkyl, 3-to8-membered heterocyclyl, C6-10aryl or 5-to 10-membered heteroaryl, each optionally substituted with one or more R8. In some embodiments, R6a2 and R6a3 together with the adjacent atoms to which they are attached form a C3-8cycloalkyl, C3-7cycloalkyl, C3-6cycloalkyl, C3-5cycloalkyl, C3-4cycloalkyl, C4-6cycloalkyl, C5-6cycloalkyl, C5-8cycloalkyl, C8cycloalkyl, C7cycloalkyl, C6cycloalkyl, C5cycloalkyl, C4cycloalkyl, C3cycloalkyl, 3-to 8-membered heterocyclyl, 3-to 7-membered heterocyclyl, 3-to 6-membered heterocyclyl, 3-to 5-membered heterocyclyl, 3-to 4-membered heterocyclyl, 4-to 6-membered heterocyclyl, 5-to 6-membered heterocyclyl, 5-to 8-membered heterocyclyl, 6-to 8-membered heterocyclyl, 8-membered heterocyclyl, 7-membered heterocyclyl, 6-membered heterocyclyl, 5-membered heterocyclyl, 4-membered heterocyclyl, or 3-membered heterocyclyl, each optionally substituted with one or more R8. In some embodiments, is
[0051] In some embodiments of a compound of Formula (Ia) , R6a1 and R6a2 together with the adjacent atoms to which they are attached form a C3-8cycloalkyl, 3-to8-membered heterocyclyl, C6-10aryl or 5-to 10-membered heteroaryl, each optionally substituted with one or more R8. In some embodiments, R6a1 and R6a2 together with the adjacent atoms to which they are attached form a C3-8cycloalkyl, C3-7cycloalkyl, C3-6cycloalkyl, C3-5cycloalkyl, C3-4cycloalkyl, C4-6cycloalkyl, C5-6cycloalkyl, C5-8cycloalkyl, C8cycloalkyl, C7cycloalkyl, C6cycloalkyl, C5cycloalkyl, C4cycloalkyl, C3cycloalkyl, 3-to 8-membered heterocyclyl, 3-to 7-membered heterocyclyl, 3-to 6-membered heterocyclyl, 3-to 5-membered heterocyclyl, 3-to 4-membered heterocyclyl, 4-to 6-membered heterocyclyl, 5-to 6-membered heterocyclyl, 5-to 8-membered heterocyclyl, 6-to 8-membered heterocyclyl, 8-membered heterocyclyl, 7-membered heterocyclyl, 6-membered heterocyclyl, 5-membered heterocyclyl, 4-membered heterocyclyl, or 3-membered heterocyclyl, each optionally substituted with one or more R8. In some embodiments of a compound of Formula (Ia) , the compound is of Formula (Ib) : wherein: Ring D is cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, aryl or heteroaryl; q is any integer of 0-4, provided that the compound is not
[0052] In some embodiments of a compound of Formula (Ia) , (Ia) , or (Ib) , Ring B is aryl, heteroaryl or heterocyclyl.
[0053] In some embodiments of a compound of Formula (Ia) , (Ia) , or (Ib) , m is 0, 1, 2, 3, or 4. In some embodiments, m is 0. In some embodiments, m is 1. In some embodiments, m is 2. In some embodiments, m is 3.
[0054] In some embodiments of a compound of Formula (Ia) , (Ia) , or (Ib) , each R7 is independently halogen, amino, oxo, -C (=O) OH, -C (=O) -NH2, -C (=O) -NH-cycloalkyl, -C (=NRa5) -NRa6Ra7, -NHC (=NH) -NH2, -NHC (=O) -NH2, -NHC (=O) -NH2 -C (=O) NHC (=NH) -NH2, -cycloalkyl-NH2, -CH (haloalkyl) -NH2, -cycloalkyl-C (=NRa5) -NRa6Ra7, -heterocyclyl-C (=NRa5) -NRa6Ra7, -S (=O) 2Ra9, -S (=O) 2NRa6Ra7, S (=O) (=NH) Ra10, -N=S (=O) (Ra6Ra7) , -S (=O) (Ra9) (=NRa5) , -BRa6Ra7, -ORa6, -SF5, haloalkyl, alkyl, alkoxyl, cycloalkyl, or heterocyclyl, wherein the cycloalkyl moiety of -C (=O) -NH-cycloalkyl and -cycloalkyl-NH2 are optionally substituted with one or more groups independently selected from halogen, hydroxyl, amino, cyano or alkyl; the haloalkyl, alkyl, alkoxyl, cycloalkyl, and heterocyclyl are optionally substituted with one or more R;
[0055] In some embodiments of a compound of Formula (Ia) , (Ia) , or (Ib) , R is independently is independently halogen, -SF5, -CN, -OH, -OC1-C6alkyl, -S (=O) C1-C6alkyl, -S (=O) 2C1-C6alkyl, -S (=O) 2NH2, -S (=O) 2NHC1-C6alkyl, -S (=O) 2N (C1-C6alkyl) 2, -NH2, -NHC1-C6alkyl, -N (C1-C6alkyl) 2, -NHC (=O) OC1-C6alkyl, -C (=O) C1-C6alkyl, -C (=O) OH, -C (=O) OC1-C6alkyl, -C (=O) NH2, -C (=O) N (C1-C6alkyl) 2, -C (=O) NHC1-C6alkyl, C1-C6alkyl, C1-C6haloalkyl, C1-C6hydroxyalkyl, C1-C6aminoalkyl, or C1-C6heteroalkyl.
[0056] In some embodiments of a compound of Formula (Ib) , Ring D is C3-10 cycloalkyl, 3-to 10-membered heterocyclyl, C6-12 aryl, or 5-to 10-membered heteroaryl. In some embodiments, Ring D is cycloalkyl or heterocyclyl. In some embodiments, Ring D is C3-10 cycloalkyl or 3-to 10-membered heterocyclyl. Ring D is C3-10 cycloalkyl, C4-10 cycloalkyl, C5-10 cycloalkyl, C5-9 cycloalkyl, C5-8 cycloalkyl, C5-7 cycloalkyl, C5-6 cycloalkyl, C10 cycloalkyl, C9 cycloalkyl, C8 cycloalkyl, C7 cycloalkyl, C6 cycloalkyl, C5 cycloalkyl, C4 cycloalkyl or C3 cycloalkyl. In some embodiments, Ring D is 3-to 10-membered heterocyclyl, 4-to 10-membered heterocyclyl, 5-to 10-membered heterocyclyl, 5-to 9-membered heterocyclyl, 5-to 8-membered heterocyclyl, 5-to 7-membered heterocyclyl, 5-to 6-membered heterocyclyl, 10-membered heterocyclyl, 9-membered heterocyclyl, 8-membered heterocyclyl, 7-membered heterocyclyl, 6-membered heterocyclyl, 5-membered heterocyclyl, 4-membered heterocyclyl or 3-membered heterocyclyl. In some embodiments, Ring D is C6-12 aryl, C6-11 aryl, C6-10 aryl, C6-9 aryl, C6-8 aryl, C6-7 aryl, C12 aryl, C11aryl, C10 aryl, C9 aryl, C8 aryl, C7 aryl or C6 aryl. In some embodiments, Ring D is 5-to 10-membered heteroaryl, 5-to 9-membered heteroaryl, 5-to 8-membered heteroaryl, 5-to 7-membered heteroaryl, 5-to 6-membered heteroaryl, 10-membered heteroaryl, 9-membered heteroaryl, 8-membered heteroaryl, 7-membered heteroaryl, 6-membered heteroaryl, or 5-membered heteroaryl. In some embodiments, Ring D is a mono cyclic ring. In some embodiments, Ring D is a bicyclic ring. In some embodiments, Ring D is a tricyclic ring. In some embodiments, Ring D is a spiro ring. In some embodiments, Ring D is a fused ring. In some embodiments, Ring D is a bridged ring.
[0057] In some embodiments of a compound of Formula (Ib) , is In some embodiments, is
[0058] In some embodiments of a compound of Formula (Ib) , each R8 is independently halogen, C1-6 alkyl, C1-5 alkyl, C1-4 alkyl, C1-3 alkyl, C1-2 alkyl, C6 alkyl, C5 alkyl, C4 alkyl, C3 alkyl, C2 alkyl or C1 alkyl. In some embodiments, each R8 is independently -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, or -CH3.
[0059] In some embodiments of a compound of Formula (Ib) , q is 0, 1, 2, or 3. In some embodiments, q is 0, 1, or 2. In some embodiments, q is 0. In some embodiments, q is 1. In some embodiments, q is 2. In some embodiments, q is 3.
[0060] In some embodiments of a compound of Formula (Ib) , each of R6a3, R6a4 and R6a5 is independently hydrogen, halogen, -SF5, C1-6alkyl, C1-6haloalkoxyl, C1-6alkoxyl, C3-6cycloalkyl-O-or C3-6halocycloalkyl-O-. In some embodiments, each of R6a3, R6a4 and R6a5 is independently hydrogen, halogen, or C1-6alkoxyl. In some embodiments, each of R6a3, R6a4 and R6a5 is independently hydrogen, -F, or -OCH3.
[0061] In some embodiments of a compound of Formula (Ib) , is
[0062] In some embodiments of a compound of Formula (I) , (Ia) , or (Ib) , Ring B is aryl, heteroaryl, or heterocyclyl. In some embodiments, Ring B is C6-12 aryl, 5-to 10-membered heteroaryl, or 5-to 10-membered heterocyclyl. In some embodiments, Ring B is C6-12 aryl, C6-11 aryl, C6-10 aryl, C6-9 aryl, C6-8 aryl, C6-7 aryl, C12 aryl, C11 aryl, C10 aryl, C9 aryl, C8 aryl, C7 aryl or C6 aryl. In some embodiments, Ring B is phenyl. In some embodiments, Ring B is 5-to 10-membered heteroaryl, 5-to 9-membered heteroaryl, 5-to 8-membered heteroaryl, 5-to 7-membered heteroaryl, 5-to 6-membered heteroaryl, 10-membered heteroaryl, 9-membered heteroaryl, 8-membered heteroaryl, 7-membered heteroaryl, 6-membered heteroaryl, or 5-membered heteroaryl. In some embodiments, Ring B is pyridinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyridinyl 1-oxide, pyridazinyl 1-oxide, pyrimidinyl 1-oxide, pyrazolyl, indazolyl, benzoisoxazolyl, dihydrobenzoisothiazolyl, dihydrobenzoisothiazolyl 1, 1-dioxide, imidazopyridazinyl, tetrazolo [1, 5-a] pyridine, or naphthyridinyl. In some embodiments, Ring B is 5-to 10-membered heterocyclyl, 5-to 9-membered heteroaryl, 5-to 8-membered heterocyclyl, 5-to 7-membered heterocyclyl, 5-to 6-membered heterocyclyl, 10-membered heterocyclyl, 9-membered heterocyclyl, 8-membered heterocyclyl, 7-membered heterocyclyl, 6-membered heteroaryl, or 5-membered heterocyclyl. In some embodiments, Ring B is imidazolidinyl, oxazolidinyl, pyrrolidinyl or piperazinyl. In some embodiments, Ring B is imidazolidin-2-one, oxazolidin-2-one, pyrrolidin-2-one or piperazin-2-one. In some embodiments, Ring B is C3-12 cycloalkyl. In some embodiments, Ring B is C3-10 cycloalkyl or 3-to 10-membered heterocyclyl. Ring D is C3-10 cycloalkyl, C4-10 cycloalkyl, C5-10 cycloalkyl, C5-9 cycloalkyl, C5-8 cycloalkyl, C5-7 cycloalkyl, C5-6 cycloalkyl, C10 cycloalkyl, C9 cycloalkyl, C8 cycloalkyl, C7 cycloalkyl, C6 cycloalkyl, C5 cycloalkyl, C4 cycloalkyl or C3 cycloalkyl.
[0063] In some embodiments of a compound of Formula (I) , (Ia) , or (Ib) , Ring B is
[0064] In some embodiments of a compound of Formula (I) , (Ia) , or (Ib) , Ring B is
[0065] In some embodiments of a compound of Formula (I) , (Ia) , or (Ib) , is each of R71, R72, R73, R74, R75, R76, R77, R78, R79, R710, R711, R712, R713, R714, R715, R716, R717, R718, R719 and R720 is independently hydrogen or R7.
[0066] In some embodiments of a compound of Formula (I) , (Ia) , or (Ib) , is In some embodiments, is
[0067] In some embodiments of a compound of Formula (I) , the compound is of Formula (Ic) , (Id) , (Ie) , (If) , or (Iff) : wherein: each of R71, R72, R73, R74, and R75 is independently hydrogen or R7,provided that the compound is not
[0068] In some embodiments of a compound of Formula (Ic) , is
[0069] In some embodiments of a compound of Formula (Id) , is
[0070] In some embodiments of a compound of Formula (Ie) , is
[0071] In some embodiments of a compound of Formula (If) , is
[0072] In some embodiments of a compound of Formula (Iff) , is
[0073] In some embodiments of a compound of Formula (I) , the compound is of Formula (Ig) or (Ih) : wherein: each of R76, R77, R78, R79, R710 and R711 is independently hydrogen or R7, provided that the compound is not
[0074] In some embodiments of a compound of Formula (Ig) , is In some embodiments, is
[0075] In some embodiments of a compound of Formula (Ih) , is
[0076] In some embodiments of a compound of Formula (I) , the compound is of Formula (Ii) or (Ij) : wherein: each of R712, R713, R714 and R715 is independently hydrogen or R7.
[0077] In some embodiments of a compound of Formula (Ii) , is
[0078] In some embodiments of a compound of Formula (I) , (Ic) , (Id) , (Ie) , (If) , (Iff) , (Ig) , (Ih) , (Ii) or (Ij) , Ring A is C6-12 aryl, C6-11 aryl, C6-10 aryl, C6-9 aryl, C6-8 aryl, C6-7 aryl, C12 aryl, C11 aryl, C10 aryl, C9 aryl, C8 aryl, C7 aryl or C6 aryl. In some embodiments, Ring A is a bicyclic ring or tricyclic ring. In some embodiments, Ring A is In some embodiments, Ring A is
[0079] In some embodiments of a compound of Formula (I) , (Ic) , (Id) , (Ie) , (If) , (Iff) , (Ig) , (Ih) , (Ii) or (Ij) , Ring A is 5-to 12-membered heteroaryl, 5-to 11-membered heteroaryl, 5-to 10-membered heteroaryl, 5-to 9-membered heteroaryl, 5-to 8-membered heteroaryl, 5-to 7-membered heteroaryl, 5-to 6-membered heteroaryl, 12-membered heteroaryl, 11-membered heteroaryl, 10-membered heteroaryl, 9-membered heteroaryl, 8-membered heteroaryl, 7-membered heteroaryl, 6-membered heteroaryl, or 5-membered heteroaryl. In some embodiments, Ring A is a bicyclic ring or tricyclic ring. In some embodiments, Ring A is or In some embodiments, Ring A is In some embodiments, Ring A is In some embodiments, Ring A is
[0080] In some embodiments of a compound of Formula (I) , (Ic) , (Id) , (Ie) , (If) , (Iff) , (Ig) , (Ih) , (Ii) or (Ij) , is In some embodiments, is In some embodiments, is In some embodiments, is In some embodiments, is In some embodiments, is In some embodiments, is In some embodiments, is In some embodiments, is In some embodiments, is In some embodiments, is In some embodiments, is In some embodiments, is In some embodiments, is In some embodiments, is In some embodiments, is
[0081] In some embodiments of a compound of Formula (I) , (Ia) , (Ib) , (Ic) , (Id) , (Ie) , (If) , (Iff) , (Ig) , (Ih) , (Ii) or (Ij) , R7 is -C (=NRa5) -NRa6Ra7, -cycloalkyl-NH2 or -CH (haloalkyl) -NH2. In some embodiments, R7 is -C (=O) -NH-cycloalkyl, wherein the cycloalkyl moiety is optionally substituted with one or more hydroxyl. In some embodiments, R7 is -NHC (=NH) -NH2, -NHC (=O) -NH2, or -C (=O) NHC (=NH) -NH2. In some embodiments, R7 is -cycloalkyl-C (=NRa5) -NRa6Ra7, -heterocyclyl-C (=NRa5) -NRa6Ra7, the cycloalkyl, and heterocyclyl are optionally substituted with one or more R. In some embodiments, R7 is -N=S (=O) (Ra6Ra7) . In some embodiments, R7 is-S (=O) (Ra9) (=NRa5) .
[0082] In some embodiments of a compound of Formula (I) , (Ia) , (Ib) , (Ic) , (Id) , (Ie) , (If) , (Iff) , (Ig) , (Ih) , (Ii) , or (Ij) , R7 is -C (=NRa5) -NRa6Ra7, -cycloalkyl-NH2 or -CH (haloalkyl) -NH2. In some embodiments, R7 is -C (=NRa5) -NRa6Ra7. In some embodiments R7 is -cycloalkyl-NH2 or -CH (haloalkyl) -NH2.
[0083] In some embodiments of a compound of Formula (I) , (Ia) , (Ib) , (Ic) , (Id) , (Ie) , (If) , (Iff) , (Ig) , (Ih) , (Ii) , or (Ij) , R7 is - (C3-8 cycloalkyl) -NH2, - (C3-7 cycloalkyl) -NH2, - (C3-6 cycloalkyl) -NH2, - (C3-5 cycloalkyl) -NH2, - (C3-4 cycloalkyl) -NH2, - (C8 cycloalkyl) -NH2, - (C7 cycloalkyl) -NH2, - (C6 cycloalkyl) -NH2, - (C5 cycloalkyl) -NH2, - (C4 cycloalkyl) -NH2 or - (C3 cycloalkyl) -NH2, wherein the cycloalkyl optionally substituted with one or more groups independently selected from halogen, hydroxyl, amino, cyano or alkyl.
[0084] In some embodiments of a compound of Formula (I) , (Ia) , (Ib) , (Ic) , (Id) , (Ie) , (If) , (Iff) , (Ig) , (Ih) , (Ii) , or (Ij) , R7 is - (C3-8 cycloalkyl) -OH, - (C3-7 cycloalkyl) -OH, - (C3-6 cycloalkyl) -OH, - (C3-5 cycloalkyl) -OH or - (C3-4 cycloalkyl) -OH, - (C8 cycloalkyl) -OH, - (C7 cycloalkyl) -OH, - (C6 cycloalkyl) -OH, - (C5 cycloalkyl) -OH, - (C4 cycloalkyl) -OH or - (C3 cycloalkyl) -OH, wherein the cycloalkyl optionally substituted with one or more groups independently selected from halogen, hydroxyl, amino, cyano or alkyl.
[0085] In some embodiments of a compound of Formula (I) , (Ia) , (Ib) , (Ic) , (Id) , (Ie) , (If) , (Ig) , (Ih) , (Ii) , or (Ij) , R7 is -CH (C1-6 haloalkyl) -NH2, -CH (C1-5 haloalkyl) -NH2, -CH (C1-4 haloalkyl) -NH2, -CH (C1-3 haloalkyl) -NH2 or -CH (C1-2 haloalkyl) -NH2. In some embodiments, R7 is -CH (C6 haloalkyl) -NH2, -CH (C5 haloalkyl) -NH2, -CH (C4 haloalkyl) -NH2, -CH (C3 haloalkyl) -NH2, -CH (C2 haloalkyl) -NH2 or -CH (C1 haloalkyl) -NH2.
[0086] In some embodiments of a compound of Formula (I) , (Ia) , (Ib) , (Ic) , (Id) , (Ie) , (If) , (Iff) , (Ig) , (Ih) , (Ii) , or (Ij) , R7 is-C (=NRa5) -NRa6Ra7 and each of Ra5, Ra6 and Ra7 is independently hydrogen, hydroxyl, cyano, alkyl, cycloalkyl, alkoxy, cycloalkoxy, -cycloalkoxy-alkyl, -alkyl-cycloalkyl, -cycloalkyl-alkyl, -alkoxy-cycloalkyl, -C (=O) Ra8 or -C (=O) ORa9, wherein the alkyl, cycloalkyl, alkoxy, cycloalkoxy, -cycloalkoxy-alkyl, -alkyl-cycloalkyl, -cycloalkyl-alkyl, and -alkoxy-cycloalkyl are optionally substituted with one or more groups independently selected from halogen, hydroxyl, amino or cyano.
[0087] In some embodiments of a compound of Formula (I) , (Ia) , (Ib) , (Ic) , (Id) , (Ie) , (If) , (Iff) , (Ig) , (Ih) , (Ii) , or (Ij) , R7 is -C3-8cycloalkyl-C (=NRa5) -NRa6Ra7, and each of Ra5, Ra6 and Ra7 is independently hydrogen, hydroxyl, cyano, alkyl, cycloalkyl, alkoxy, cycloalkoxy, -cycloalkoxy-alkyl, -alkyl-cycloalkyl, -cycloalkyl-alkyl, -alkoxy-cycloalkyl, -C (=O) Ra8 or -C (=O) ORa9, wherein the alkyl, cycloalkyl, alkoxy, cycloalkoxy, -cycloalkoxy-alkyl, -alkyl-cycloalkyl, -cycloalkyl-alkyl, and -alkoxy-cycloalkyl are optionally substituted with one or more groups independently selected from halogen, hydroxyl, amino or cyano.
[0088] In some embodiments of a compound of Formula (I) , (Ia) , (Ib) , (Ic) , (Id) , (Ie) , (If) , (Iff) , (Ig) , (Ih) , (Ii) , or (Ij) , R7 is 3-to 8-membered heterocyclyl-C (=NRa5) -NRa6Ra7, and each of Ra5, Ra6 and Ra7 is independently hydrogen, hydroxyl, cyano, alkyl, cycloalkyl, alkoxy, cycloalkoxy, -cycloalkoxy-alkyl, -alkyl-cycloalkyl, -cycloalkyl-alkyl, -alkoxy-cycloalkyl, -C (=O) Ra8 or -C (=O) ORa9, wherein the alkyl, cycloalkyl, alkoxy, cycloalkoxy, -cycloalkoxy-alkyl, -alkyl-cycloalkyl, -cycloalkyl-alkyl, and -alkoxy-cycloalkyl are optionally substituted with one or more groups independently selected from halogen, hydroxyl, amino or cyano.
[0089] In some embodiments of a compound of Formula (I) , (Ia) , (Ib) , (Ic) , (Id) , (Ie) , (If) , (Iff) , (Ig) , (Ih) , (Ii) , or (Ij) , R7 is -N=S (=O) (Ra6Ra7) , and each of Ra6 and Ra7 is independently hydrogen, hydroxyl, cyano, alkyl, cycloalkyl, alkoxy, cycloalkoxy, -cycloalkoxy-alkyl, -alkyl-cycloalkyl, -cycloalkyl-alkyl, -alkoxy-cycloalkyl, -C (=O) Ra8 or -C (=O) ORa9, wherein the alkyl, cycloalkyl, alkoxy, cycloalkoxy, -cycloalkoxy-alkyl, -alkyl-cycloalkyl, -cycloalkyl-alkyl, and -alkoxy-cycloalkyl are optionally substituted with one or more groups independently selected from halogen, hydroxyl, amino or cyano.
[0090] In some embodiments of a compound of Formula (I) , (Ia) , (Ib) , (Ic) , (Id) , (Ie) , (If) , (Iff) , (Ig) , (Ih) , (Ii) , or (Ij) , R7 is -S (=O) (Ra9) (=NRa5) , and each of Ra5 and Ra9 is independently hydrogen, hydroxyl, cyano, alkyl, cycloalkyl, alkoxy, cycloalkoxy, -cycloalkoxy-alkyl, -alkyl-cycloalkyl, -cycloalkyl-alkyl, -alkoxy-cycloalkyl, -C (=O) Ra8 or -C (=O) ORa9, wherein the alkyl, cycloalkyl, alkoxy, cycloalkoxy, -cycloalkoxy-alkyl, -alkyl-cycloalkyl, -cycloalkyl-alkyl, and -alkoxy-cycloalkyl are optionally substituted with one or more groups independently selected from halogen, hydroxyl, amino or cyano.
[0091] In some embodiments of a compound of Formula (I) , (Ia) , (Ib) , (Ic) , (Id) , (Ie) , (If) , (Iff) , (Ig) , (Ih) , (Ii) , or (Ij) , R7 is -BRa6Ra7. In some embodiments, R7 is
[0092] In some embodiments of a compound of Formula (I) , (Ia) , (Ib) , (Ic) , (Id) , (Ie) , (If) , (Iff) , (Ig) , (Ih) , (Ii) , or (Ij) , R7 is F,
[0093] In some embodiments of a compound of Formula (I) , (Ia) , (Ib) , (Ic) , (Id) , (Ie) , (If) , (Iff) , (Ig) , (Ih) , (Ii) , or (Ij) , R7 is -C (=NRa5) -NRa6Ra7 and Ra5 is hydrogen.
[0094] In some embodiments of a compound of Formula (I) , (Ia) , (Ib) , (Ic) , (Id) , (Ie) , (If) , (Iff) , (Ig) , (Ih) , (Ii) , or (Ij) , R7 is -C (=NH) -NRa6Ra7, - (C3-4 cycloalkyl) -NH2 or -CH (C1-3 haloalkyl) -NH2.
[0095] In some embodiments of a compound of Formula (I) , (Ia) , (Ib) , (Ic) , (Id) , (Ie) , (If) , (Iff) , (Ig) , (Ih) , (Ii) , or (Ij) , each of Ra5, Ra6 and Ra7 is independently hydrogen, hydroxyl, cyano, alkoxy, -C (=O) Ra8 or -C (=O) ORa9. In some embodiments, Ra8 is hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl or haloalkyl. In some embodiments, Ra9 is alkyl, cycloalkyl or haloalkyl. In some embodiments, each of Ra5, Ra6 and Ra7 is independently hydrogen or hydroxyl.
[0096] In some embodiments of a compound of Formula (I) , (Ia) , (Ib) , (Ic) , (Id) , (Ie) , (If) , (Iff) , (Ig) , (Ih) , (Ii) , or (Ij) , R7 is -C (=NH) -NH2, -C (=NH) -NHOH, -C (=NOH) -NH2, -cyclopropyl-NH2 or -CH (C1 haloalkyl) -NH2.
[0097] In some embodiments of a compound of Formula (I) , (Ia) , (Ib) , (Ic) , (Id) , (Ie) , (If) , (Iff) , (Ig) , (Ih) , (Ii) , or (Ij) , R7 is
[0098] In some embodiments of a compound of Formula (I) , (Ia) , (Ib) , (Ic) , (Id) , (Ie) , (If) , (Iff) , (Ig) , (Ih) , (Ii) , or (Ij) , R7 is -C (=O) -NH-cycloalkyl, wherein the cycloalkyl moiety is optionally substituted with one or more hydroxyl.
[0099] In some embodiments of a compound of Formula (I) , (Ia) , (Ib) , (Ic) , (Id) , (Ie) , (If) , (Iff) , (Ig) , (Ih) , (Ii) , or (Ij) , R7 is -C (=O) -NH- (C3-6 cycloalkyl) , -C (=O) -NH- (C3-5 cycloalkyl) or -C (=O) -NH-(C3-4 cycloalkyl) , wherein the cycloalkyl moiety is optionally substituted with one or more group hydroxyl. In some embodiments, R7 is -C (=O) -NH- (C6 cycloalkyl) , -C (=O) -NH- (C5 cycloalkyl) , -C (=O) -NH- (C4 cycloalkyl) or -C (=O) -NH- (C3 cycloalkyl) , wherein the cycloalkyl moiety is optionally substituted with one or more group hydroxyl.
[0100] In some embodiments of a compound of Formula (I) , (Ia) , (Ib) , (Ic) , (Id) , (Ie) , (If) , (Iff) , (Ig) , (Ih) , (Ii) , or (Ij) , R7 is
[0101] In some embodiments of a compound of Formula (I) , (Ia) , (Ib) , (Ic) , (Id) , (Ie) , (If) , (Iff) , (Ig) , (Ih) , (Ii) , or (Ij) , R7 is -NHC (=NH) -NH2, -NHC (=O) -NH2, or -C (=O) NHC (=NH) -NH2.
[0102] In some embodiments of a compound of Formula (I) , (Ia) , (Ib) , (Ic) , (Id) , (Ie) , (If) , (Iff) , (Ig) , (Ih) , (Ii) , or (Ij) , R7 is independently halogen, -C (=O) OH, -C (=O) -NH2, -C (=O) -NH-alkyl, -C (=O) -NH-cycloalkyl, -C (=NRa5) -NRa6Ra7, -NHC (=NH) -NH2, -NHC (=O) -NH2, -NHC (=O) -NH2 -C (=O) NHC (=NH) -NH2, -cycloalkyl-NH2, -CH (haloalkyl) -NH2, -cycloalkyl-C (=NRa5) -NRa6Ra7, -heterocyclyl-C (=NRa5) -NRa6Ra7, -S (=O) 2Ra9, -S (=O) 2NRa6Ra7, S (=O) (=NH) Ra10, -N=S (=O) (Ra6Ra7) , -S (=O) (Ra9) (=NRa5) , -BRa6Ra7, -ORa6, -SF5, haloalkyl, alkyl, cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, or heteroaryl, wherein the cycloalkyl moiety of -C (=O) -NH-cycloalkyl and -cycloalkyl-NH2 are optionally substituted with one or more groups independently selected from halogen, hydroxyl, amino, cyano or alkyl; the NH, haloalkyl, alkyl, alkoxyl, cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, and heteroaryl are optionally substituted with one or more R. In some embodiments, R7 is independently halogen, amino, oxo, -C (=O) -NH2, -C (=O) -NH-cycloalkyl, -C (=NRa5) -NRa6Ra7, -NHC (=NH) -NH2, -NHC (=O) -NH2, -C (=O) NHC (=NH) -NH2, -cycloalkyl-NH2, --cycloalkyl-OH, CH (haloalkyl) -NH2, -cycloalkyl-C (=NRa5) -NRa6Ra7, -heterocyclyl-C (=NRa5) -NRa6Ra7, -S (=O) 2Ra9, -S (=O) 2NRa6Ra7, S (=O) (=NH) Ra10, haloalkyl, alkyl, cycloalkyl, or heterocyclyl, wherein the cycloalkyl moiety of -C (=O) -NH-cycloalkyl, -cycloalkyl-NH2 and -cycloalkyl-OH are optionally substituted with one or more groups independently selected from halogen, hydroxyl, amino, cyano or alkyl; the haloalkyl, alkyl, cycloalkyl, and heterocyclyl are optionally substituted with one or more R. In some embodiments, R7 is independently F, Cl, Br, I, CH3, OH, -C (=O) NH2, -C (=NH) NHOH, -C (=NH) N (CH3) OH, -C (=NH) N (CH2CH3) OH, -C (=NH) NHOCH3, -C (=NOH) NH2, -C (=NOCH2CH2OH) NH2, In some embodiments, CH3 is CD3.
[0103] In some embodiments of a compound of Formula (I) , (Ia) , (Ib) , (Ic) , (Id) , (Ie) , (If) , (Iff) , (Ig) , (Ih) , (Ii) , or (Ij) , R7 is independently C3-8cycloalkyl, or 3-to 8-membered heterocyclyl, the cycloalkyl, and heterocyclyl are optionally substituted with one or more R. In some embodiments, R7 is independently C3-6cycloalkyl, or 3-to 6-membered heterocyclyl, the cycloalkyl, and heterocyclyl are optionally substituted with one or more R.
[0104] In some embodiments of a compound of Formula (I) , (Ia) , (Ib) , (Ic) , (Id) , (Ie) , (If) , (Iff) , (Ig) , (Ih) , (Ii) , or (Ij) , R7 is -ORa6. In some embodiments, R7 is -O-alkyl, -O-cycloalkyl, -O-heterocyclyl, or -O-alkynyl, each of which is optionally substituted with one or more groups independently selected from halogen, hydroxyl, amino or cyano. In some embodiments, R7 is -OCH3, -OCH2CH3, -OCHF2, -OCH2F, -OCF3, -O-C3-6cycloalkyl, -O-3-to -6-membered heterocyclyl.
[0105] In some embodiments of a compound of Formula (I) , (Ia) , (Ib) , (Ic) , (Id) , (Ie) , (If) , (Iff) , (Ig) , (Ih) , (Ii) , or (Ij) , R7 is independently heteroaryl optionally substituted with one or more R. In some embodiments, R7 is independently 5-to 12-membered heteroaryl, 5-to 11-membered heteroaryl, 5-to 10-membered heteroaryl, 5-to 9-membered heteroaryl, 5-to 8-membered heteroaryl, 5-to 7-membered heteroaryl, 5-to 6-membered heteroaryl, 12-membered heteroaryl, 11-membered heteroaryl, 10-membered heteroaryl, 9-membered heteroaryl, 8-membered heteroaryl, 7-membered heteroaryl, 6-membered heteroaryl, or 5-membered heteroaryl optionally substituted with one or more R.
[0106] In some embodiments of a compound of Formula (I) , (Ia) , (Ib) , (Ic) , (Id) , (Ie) , (If) , (Iff) , (Ig) , (Ih) , (Ii) , or (Ij) , R7 is independently F, Cl, Br, I, OH, CH3, CH (CH3) 2, C (CH3) 3, CH2CH3, OCH3, OCHF2, OCF3, OCH2CH2OH, CHF2, CF3, CH2F, COOH, C (=O) NH2, C (=O) NHCH3, -C (=NH) NHOH, -C (=NH) N (CH3) OH, -C (=NH) N (CH2CH3) OH, -C (=NH) NHOCH2CH3OH, -C (=NH) NHOCH3, -C (=NOH) NH2, -C (=NOCH2CH2OH) NH2, -C (=NOH) NH2, -C (=NOCH2CH2OH) NH2, -CH (OH) CH2OH, -C (CH3) 2OH, -CH2CH2OH, -C (CH3) 2OH, In some embodiments, CH3 is CD3.
[0107] In some embodiments of a compound of Formula (I) , (Ia) , or (Ib) , is
[0108] In some embodiments of a compound of Formula (I) , (Ia) , or (Ib) , is
[0109] In some embodiments of a compound of Formula (I) , (Ia) , or (Ib) , is
[0110] In some embodiments of a compound of Formula (I) , (Ia) , (Ib) , (Ic) , (Id) , (Ie) , (If) , (Iff) , (Ig) , (Ih) , (Ii) , or (Ij) , X is -O-. In some embodiments, X is -S-. In some embodiments, X is -N (Ra1) -. In some embodiments, X is -N (Ra1) -, and Ra1 is hydrogen, C1-6 alkyl, C3-6 cycloalkyl or C1-6 haloalkyl. In some embodiments, X is -N (Ra1) -, and Ra1 is hydrogen, -CH3 or -CH2CF3.
[0111] In some embodiments of a compound of Formula (I) , (Ia) , (Ib) , (Ic) , (Id) , (Ie) , (If) , (Iff) , (Ig) , (Ih) , (Ii) , or (Ij) , one of R1 and R2 is -CF3, and the other is alkyl (such as C1-6 alkyl, C1-5 alkyl, C1-4 alkyl, C1-3 alkyl or C1-2 alkyl, e.g., C6 alkyl, C5 alkyl, C4 alkyl, C3 alkyl, C2 alkyl or C1 alkyl) . In some embodiments, one of R1 and R2 is -CF3, and the other is -CH3.
[0112] In some embodiments of a compound of Formula (I) , (Ia) , (Ib) , (Ic) , (Id) , (Ie) , (If) , (Iff) , (Ig) , (Ih) , (Ii) , or (Ij) , one of R3 and R4 is hydrogen, and the other is alkyl (such as C1-6 alkyl, C1-5 alkyl, C1-4 alkyl, C1-3 alkyl or C1-2 alkyl, e.g., C6 alkyl, C5 alkyl, C4 alkyl, C3 alkyl, C2 alkyl or C1 alkyl) . In some embodiments, one of R3 and R4 is hydrogen, and the other is -CH3.
[0113] In some embodiments of a compound of Formula (I) , (Ia) , (Ib) , (Ic) , (Id) , (Ie) , (If) , (Iff) , (Ig) , (Ih) , (Ii) , or (Ij) , R1 and R2 together with the atom to which they are attached form a cycloalkyl, or heterocyclyl, each optionally substituted with one or more R. In some embodiments, R1 and R2 together with the atom to which they are attached form a C3-7 cycloalkyl (such as C3 cycloalkyl, C4 cycloalkyl, C5 cycloalkyl, C6 cycloalkyl or C7 cycloalkyl, etc) or 3-to 7-membered heterocyclyl (such as 3-membered heterocyclyl, 4-membered heterocyclyl, 5-membered heterocyclyl, 6-membered heterocyclyl, or 7-membered heterocyclyl, etc) , each optionally substituted with one or more (e.g., two or three) R.
[0114] In some embodiments of a compound of Formula (I) , (Ia) , (Ib) , (Ic) , (Id) , (Ie) , (If) , (Iff) , (Ig) , (Ih) , (Ii) , or (Ij) , R3 and R4 together with the atom to which they are attached form a cycloalkyl, or heterocyclyl, each optionally substituted with one or more R. In some embodiments, R3 and R4 together with the atom to which they are attached form a C3-7 cycloalkyl (such as C3 cycloalkyl, C4 cycloalkyl, C5 cycloalkyl, C6 cycloalkyl or C7 cycloalkyl, etc) or 3-to 7-membered heterocyclyl (such as 3-membered heterocyclyl, 4-membered heterocyclyl, 5-membered heterocyclyl, 6-membered heterocyclyl, or 7-membered heterocyclyl, etc) , each optionally substituted with one or more (e.g., two or three) R.
[0115] In some embodiments of a compound of Formula (I) , (Ia) , (Ib) , (Ic) , (Id) , (Ie) , (If) , (Iff) , (Ig) , (Ih) , (Ii) , or (Ij) , R1 and R3 together with the adjacent atoms to which they are attached form a cycloalkyl, or heterocyclyl, each optionally substituted with one or more R. In some embodiments, R1 and R3 together with the adjacent atoms to which they are attached form a C3-7 cycloalkyl (such as C3 cycloalkyl, C4 cycloalkyl, C5 cycloalkyl, C6 cycloalkyl or C7 cycloalkyl, etc) or 3-to 7-membered heterocyclyl (such as 3-membered heterocyclyl, 4-membered heterocyclyl, 5-membered heterocyclyl, 6-membered heterocyclyl, or 7-membered heterocyclyl, etc) , each optionally substituted with one or more (e.g., two or three) R.
[0116] In some embodiments of a compound of Formula (I) , (Ia) , (Ib) , (Ic) , (Id) , (Ie) , (If) , (Iff) , (Ig) , (Ih) , (Ii) , or (Ij) , R2 and R3 together with the adjacent atoms to which they are attached form a cycloalkyl, or heterocyclyl, each optionally substituted with one or more R. In some embodiments, R2 and R3 together with the adjacent atoms to which they are attached form a C3-7 cycloalkyl (such as C3 cycloalkyl, C4 cycloalkyl, C5 cycloalkyl, C6 cycloalkyl or C7 cycloalkyl, etc) or 3-to 7-membered heterocyclyl (such as 3-membered heterocyclyl, 4-membered heterocyclyl, 5-membered heterocyclyl, 6-membered heterocyclyl, or 7-membered heterocyclyl, etc) , each optionally substituted with one or more (e.g., two or three) R.
[0117] In some embodiments of a compound of Formula (I) , (Ia) , (Ib) , (Ic) , (Id) , (Ie) , (If) , (Iff) , (Ig) , (Ih) , (Ii) , or (Ij) , R5 is hydrogen. In some embodiments, R5 is alkyl. In some embodiments, R5 is C1-6 alkyl, C1-5 alkyl, C1-4 alkyl, C1-3 alkyl, C1-2 alkyl, C6 alkyl, C5 alkyl, C4 alkyl, C3 alkyl, C2 alkyl or C1 alkyl. In some embodiments, R5 is methyl. In some embodiments, R5 is -F, -Cl, -Br or -I. In some embodiments, R5 is -F.
[0118] In some embodiments of a compound of Formula (I) , (Ia) , (Ib) , (Ic) , (Id) , (Ie) , (If) , (Iff) , (Ig) , (Ih) , (Ii) , or (Ij) , is In some embodiments, is In some embodiments, is In some embodiments, is In some embodiments, is In some embodiments, is
[0119] In some embodiments of a compound of Formula (I) , (Ia) , (Ib) , (Ic) , (Id) , (Ie) , (If) , (Iff) , (Ig) , (Ih) , (Ii) , or (Ij) , is In some embodiments is
[0120] In some embodiments of a compound of Formula (I) , (Ia) , (Ib) , (Ic) , (Id) , (Ie) , (If) , (Iff) , (Ig) , (Ih) , (Ii) , or (Ij) , L1 is a bond. In some embodiments, L1 is -O-, -C (Rb1) 2-, -N (Ra2) -, -C (=O) N (Ra2) -or -N (Ra2) C (=O) -. In some embodiments, Rb1 is hydrogen. In some embodiments, Ra2 is hydrogen or C1-6 alkyl. In some embodiments, L1 is -O-, -CH2-, -NH-, -N (CH3) -, -C (=O) NH-, -C (=O) N (CH3) -, -NHC (=O) -or -N (CH3) C (=O) -.
[0121] In some embodiments of a compound of Formula (I) , (Ia) , (Ib) , (Ic) , (Id) , (Ie) , (If) , (Iff) , (Ig) , (Ih) , (Ii) , or (Ij) , L2 is -C (=O) N (Ra3) -, and Ra3 is hydrogen or alkyl. In some embodiments, L2 is -C (=O) N (Ra3) -, and Ra3 is C6 alkyl, C5 alkyl, C4 alkyl, C3 alkyl, C2 alkyl or C1 alkyl. In some embodiments, L2 is -C (=O) N (Ra3) -, and Ra3 is -CH3. In some embodiments, Ra3 is -CH3. In some embodiments, L2 is -N (Ra3) C (=O) -, -C (=S) N (Ra3) -, -S (=O) N (Ra3) -, -S (=O) 2N (Ra3) -, -cycloalkyl-N (Ra3) -or -C (Rb2) 2-N (Ra3) -. In some embodiments, L2 is -N (Ra3) C (=O) -, -C (=S) N (Ra3) -, -S (=O) N (Ra3) -, -S (=O) 2N (Ra3) -, -cycloalkyl-N (Ra3) -or -C (Rb2) 2-N (Ra3) -, Ra3 is hydrogen or alkyl, and Rb2 is hydrogen or haloalkyl. In some embodiments, Ra3 is hydrogen. In some embodiments, Ra3 is C1-6 alkyl, C1-5 alkyl, C1-4 alkyl, C1-3 alkyl or C1-2 alkyl. In some embodiments, Ra3 is C6 alkyl, C5 alkyl, C4 alkyl, C3 alkyl, C2 alkyl or C1 alkyl. In some embodiments, one of Rb2 is hydrogen and the other one of Rb2 is haloalkyl. In some embodiments, one of Rb2 is C1-6 haloalkyl, C1-5 haloalkyl, C1-4 haloalkyl, C1-3 haloalkyl or C1-2 haloalkyl. In some embodiments, one of Rb2 is C6 haloalkyl, C5 haloalkyl, C4 haloalkyl, C3 haloalkyl, C2 haloalkyl or C1 haloalkyl. In some embodiments, L2 is -NHC (=O) -*, -C (=S) NH-*, -S (=O) 2NH-*, wherein *end of L2 indicates the attaching point to Ring B. In some embodiments, L2 is -C (=O) NH-*, wherein *end of L2 indicates the attaching point to Ring B. In some embodiments, L2 is heterocyclyl or heteroaryl. In some embodiments, L2 is heterocyclyl. In some embodiments, L2 is 3-to 10-membered heterocyclyl, 4-to 10-membered heterocyclyl, 5-to 10-membered heterocyclyl, 5-to 9-membered heterocyclyl, 5-to 8-membered heterocyclyl, 5-to 7-membered heterocyclyl or 5-to 6-membered heterocyclyl. In some embodiments, L2 is 10-membered heterocyclyl, 9-membered heterocyclyl, 8-membered heterocyclyl, 7-membered heterocyclyl, 6-membered heterocyclyl, 5-membered heterocyclyl, 4-membered heterocyclyl or 3-membered heterocyclyl. In some embodiments, L2 is heteroaryl. In some embodiments L2 is 4-to 10-membered heteroaryl, 5-to 10-membered heteroaryl, 5-to 9-membered heteroaryl, 5-to 8-membered heteroaryl, 5-to 7-membered heteroaryl or 5-to 6-membered heteroaryl. In some embodiments, L2 is 10-membered heteroaryl, 9-membered heteroaryl, 8-membered heteroaryl, 7-membered heteroaryl, 6-membered heteroaryl, 5-membered heteroaryl or 4-membered heteroaryl. In some embodiments, L2 is imidazolyl, triazolyl or tetrazolyl. In some embodiments, L2 is wherein *end of L2 indicates the attaching point to Ring B. In some embodiments, L2 is -NHC (=O) -*, -C (=O) N (CH3) -*, -C (=S) NH-*, -S (=O) 2NH-*, imidazolyl, triazolyl or tetrazolyl, wherein *end of L2 indicates the attaching point to Ring B. In some embodiments, L2 is -C (=O) NH-*, wherein *end of L2 indicates the attaching point to Ring B. In some embodiments, L2 is -C (=O) N (Ra3) -cycloalkyl-, wherein the cycloalkyl is optionally substituted with one or more R. In some embodiments, L2 is -C (=O) N (Ra3) -C3-8cycloalkyl-, -C (=O) N (Ra3) -C3-7cycloalkyl-, -C (=O) N (Ra3) -C3-6cycloalkyl-, -C (=O) N (Ra3) -C3-5cycloalkyl-, -C (=O) N (Ra3) -C3-4cycloalkyl-, -C (=O) N (Ra3) -C7cycloalkyl-, -C (=O) N (Ra3) -C6cycloalkyl-, -C (=O) N (Ra3) -C5cycloalkyl-, -C (=O) N (Ra3) -C4cycloalkyl-, or -C (=O) N (Ra3) -C3cycloalkyl-, wherein the cycloalkyl is optionally substituted with one or more R. In some embodiments, L2 is -C (=O) -NH-cyclopropyl*, wherein *end of L2 indicates the attaching point to Ring B.
[0122] Ordinary technicians in this field will understand that are tautomers. Therefore, the compounds disclosed herein with group can be regarded as the corresponding compounds with group
[0123] In some embodiments of a compound disclosed herein, one or more of L1, L2, R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, R8, Ra1, Ra2, Ra3, Ra4, Ra5, Ra6, Ra7, Ra8, Ra9, Ra10, Rb1, Rb2, R6a1, R6a2, R6a3, R6a4, R6a5, R71, R72, R73, R74, R75, R76, R77, R78, R79, R710, R711, R712, R713, R714, R715, R716, R717, R718, R719, R720 and R groups comprise deuterium at a percentage higher than the natural abundance of deuterium.
[0124] In some embodiments of a compound disclosed herein, one or more 1H are replaced with one or more deuteriums in one or more of the following groups L1, L2, R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, R8, Ra1, Ra2, Ra3, Ra4, Ra5, Ra6, Ra7, Ra8, Ra9, Ra10, Rb1, Rb2, R6a1, R6a2, R6a3, R6a4, R6a5, R71, R72, R73, R74, R75, R76, R77, R78, R79, R710, R711, R712, R713, R714, R715, R716, R717, R718, R719, R720 and R.
[0125] In some embodiments of a compound disclosed herein, the abundance of deuterium in each of L1, L2, R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, R8, Ra1, Ra2, Ra3, Ra4, Ra5, Ra6, Ra7, Ra8, Ra9, Ra10, Rb1, Rb2, R6a1, R6a2, R6a3, R6a4, R6a5, R71, R72, R73, R74, R75, R76, R77, R78, R79, R710, R711, R712, R713, R714, R715, R716, R717, R718, R719, R720 and R is independently at least 1%, at least 10%, at least 20%, at least 30%, at least 40%, at least 50%, at least 60%, at least 70%, at least 80%, at least 90%, or 100%by molar.
[0126] In some embodiments of a compound disclosed herein, one or more 1H of Ring A, Ring B or Ring C are replaced with one or more deuteriums.
[0127] Any combination of the groups described above for the various variables is contemplated herein. Throughout the specification, groups and substituents thereof are chosen by one skilled in the field to provide stable moieties and compounds.
[0128] In some embodiments the compound disclosed herein, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, or stereoisomer thereof, is one of the compounds in Table 1. Table 1:
[0129] In some embodiments the compound disclosed herein, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, or stereoisomer thereof, is one of the compounds in Table 2A-2F. TABLE 2A Table 2B Table 2C Table 2D Table 2E: Table 2F Further Forms of Compounds Disclosed Herein Isomers / Stereoisomers
[0130] In some embodiments, the compounds described herein exist as geometric isomers. In some embodiments, the compounds described herein possess one or more double bonds. The compounds presented herein include all cis, trans, syn, anti, entgegen (E) , and zusammen (Z) isomers as well as the corresponding mixtures thereof. In some situations, the compounds described herein possess one or more chiral centers and each center exists in the R configuration, or S configuration. The compounds described herein include all diastereomeric, enantiomeric, and epimeric forms as well as the corresponding mixtures thereof. In additional embodiments of the compounds and methods provided herein, mixtures of enantiomers and / or diastereoisomers, resulting from a single preparative step, combination, or interconversion are useful for the applications described herein. In some embodiments, the compounds described herein are prepared as their individual stereoisomers by reacting a racemic mixture of the compound with an optically active resolving agent to form a pair of diastereoisomeric compounds, separating the diastereomers and recovering the optically pure enantiomers. In some embodiments, dissociable complexes are preferred. In some embodiments, the diastereomers have distinct physical properties (e.g., melting points, boiling points, solubilities, reactivity, etc. ) and are separated by taking advantage of these dissimilarities. In some embodiments, the diastereomers are separated by chiral chromatography, or preferably, by separation / resolution techniques based upon differences in solubility. In some embodiments, the optically pure enantiomer is then recovered, along with the resolving agent, by any practical means that would not result in racemization.
[0131] Ordinary technicians in this field will understand that a wedged bond or a hashed wedged bond represents the absolute configuration of a chiral center, while a bold bond or a hashed bond represents the relative configuration of a chiral center. Isotopically enriched compounds
[0132] Unless otherwise stated, compounds described herein may exhibit their natural isotopic abundance, or one or more of the atoms may be artificially enriched in a particular isotope having the same atomic number, but an atomic mass or mass number different from the atomic mass or mass number predominantly found in nature. All isotopic variations of the compounds of the present disclosure, whether radioactive or not, are encompassed within the scope of the present disclosure. For example, hydrogen has three naturally occurring isotopes, denoted 1H (protium) , 2H (deuterium) , and 3H (tritium) . Protium is the most abundant isotope of hydrogen in nature. Enriching for deuterium may afford some therapeutic advantages, such as increased in vivo half-life and / or exposure, or may provide a compound useful for investigating in vivo routes of drug elimination and metabolism.
[0133] For example, the compounds described herein may be artificially enriched in one or more particular isotopes. In some embodiments, the compounds described herein may be artificially enriched in one or more isotopes that are not predominantly found in nature. In some embodiments, the compounds described herein may be artificially enriched in one or more isotopes selected from deuterium (2H) , tritium (3H) , iodine-125 (125I) or carbon-14 (14C) . In some embodiments, the compounds described herein are artificially enriched in one or more isotopes selected from 2H, 11C, 13C, 14C, 15C, 12N, 13N, 15N, 16N, 16O, 17O, 14F, 15F, 16F, 17F, 18F, 33S, 34S, 35S, 36S, 35Cl, 37Cl, 79Br, 81Br, 131I, and 125I. In some embodiments, the abundance of the enriched isotopes is independently at least 1%, at least 10%, at least 20%, at least 30%, at least 40%, at least 50%, at least 60%, at least 70%, at least 80%, at least 90%, or 100%by molar.
[0134] In some embodiments, the compound is deuterated in at least one position. In some embodiments, the compounds disclosed herein have some or all of the 1H atoms replaced with 2H atoms.
[0135] The methods of synthesis for deuterium-containing compounds are known in the art and include, by way of non-limiting example only, the procedure described in U.S. Patent Nos. 5,846,514 and 6,334,997, and the following synthetic methods. For example, deuterium substituted compounds may be synthesized using various methods such as described in: Dean, Dennis C.; Editor. Recent Advances in the Synthesis and Applications of Radiolabeled Compounds for Drug Discovery and Development. [In: Curr., Pharm. Des., 2000; 6 (10) ] 2000, 110 pp; George W.; Varma, Rajender S. The Synthesis of Radiolabeled Compounds via Organometallic Intermediates, Tetrahedron, 1989, 45 (21) , 6601-21; and Evans, E. Anthony. Synthesis of radiolabeled compounds, J. Radioanal. Chem., 1981, 64 (1-2) , 9-32.
[0136] Deuterated starting materials are readily available and are subjected to the synthetic methods described herein to provide for the synthesis of deuterium-containing compounds. Large numbers of deuterium-containing reagents and building blocks are available commercially from chemical vendors, such as Aldrich Chemical Co. Pharmaceutically acceptable salts
[0137] In some embodiments, the compounds described herein exist as their pharmaceutically acceptable salts. In some embodiments, the methods disclosed herein include methods of treating diseases by administering such pharmaceutically acceptable salts. In some embodiments, the methods disclosed herein include methods of treating diseases by administering such pharmaceutically acceptable salts as pharmaceutical compositions.
[0138] In some embodiments, the compounds described herein possess acidic or basic groups and therefore react with any of several inorganic or organic bases, and inorganic and organic acids, to form a pharmaceutically acceptable salt. In some embodiments, these salts are prepared in situ during the final isolation and purification of the compounds disclosed herein, or by separately reacting a purified compound in its free form with a suitable acid or base, and isolating the salt thus formed.
[0139] Examples of pharmaceutically acceptable salts include those salts prepared by reaction of the compounds described herein with organic or inorganic acid , such salts including, acetate, acrylate, adipate, alginate, aspartate, benzoate, benzenesulfonate, bisulfate, bisulfite, bromide, butyrate, butyn-1, 4-dioate, camphorate, camphorsulfonate, caproate, caprylate, chlorobenzoate, chloride, citrate, cyclopentanepropionate, decanoate, digluconate, dihydrogenphosphate, dinitrobenzoate, dodecylsulfate, ethanesulfonate, formate, fumarate, glucoheptonoate, glycerophosphate, glycolate, hemisulfate, heptanoate, hexanoate, hexyne-1, 6-dioate, hydroxybenzoate, γ-hydroxybutyrate, hydrochloride, hydrobromide, hydroiodide, 2-hydroxyethanesulfonate, iodide, isobutyrate, lactate, maleate, malonate, methanesulfonate, mandelate, metaphosphate, methoxybenzoate, methylbenzoate, monohydrogenphosphate, 1-napthalenesulfonate, 2-napthalenesulfonate, nicotinate, nitrate, palmoate, pectinate, persulfate, 3-phenylpropionate, phosphate, picrate, pivalate, propionate, pyrosulfate, pyrophosphate, propiolate, phthalate, phenylacetate, phenylbutyrate, propanesulfonate, salicylate, succinate, sulfate, sulfite, suberate, sebacate, sulfonate, tartrate, thiocyanate, tosylate, undecanoate, and xylenesulfonate.
[0140] Further, the compounds described herein can be prepared as pharmaceutically acceptable salts formed by reacting the free base form of the compound with a pharmaceutically acceptable inorganic or organic acid, including, but not limited to, inorganic acids such as hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, phosphoric acid metaphosphoric acid, and the like; and organic acids such as acetic acid, propionic acid, hexanoic acid, cyclopentanepropionic acid, glycolic acid, pyruvic acid, lactic acid, malonic acid, succinic acid, malic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid, p-toluenesulfonic acid, tartaric acid, trifluoroacetic acid, citric acid, benzoic acid, 3- (4-hydroxybenzoyl) benzoic acid, cinnamic acid, mandelic acid, arylsulfonic acid, methanesulfonic acid, ethanesulfonic acid, 1, 2-ethanedisulfonic acid, 2-hydroxyethanesulfonic acid, benzenesulfonic acid, 2-naphthalenesulfonic acid, 4-methylbicyclo- [2.2.2] oct-2-ene-1-carboxylic acid, glucoheptonic acid, 4, 4’ -methylenebis- (3-hydroxy-2-ene-1 -carboxylic acid) , 3-phenylpropionic acid, trimethylacetic acid, tertiary butylacetic acid, lauryl sulfuric acid, gluconic acid, glutamic acid, hydroxynaphthoic acid, salicylic acid, stearic acid and muconic acid. In some embodiments, other acids, such as oxalic, while not in themselves pharmaceutically acceptable, are employed in the preparation of salts useful as intermediates in obtaining the compounds disclosed herein, and their pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salts.
[0141] In some embodiments, those compounds described herein which comprise a free acid group react with a suitable base, such as the hydroxide, carbonate, bicarbonate, sulfate, of a pharmaceutically acceptable metal cation, with ammonia, or with a pharmaceutically acceptable organic primary, secondary, tertiary, or quaternary amine. Representative salts include the alkali or alkaline earth salts, like lithium, sodium, potassium, calcium, and magnesium, and aluminum salts and the like. Illustrative examples of bases include sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, choline hydroxide, sodium carbonate, N+ (C1-4 alkyl) 4, and the like.
[0142] Representative organic amines useful for the formation of base addition salts include ethylamine, diethylamine, ethylenediamine, ethanolamine, diethanolamine, piperazine and the like. It should be understood that the compounds described herein also include the quaternization of any basic nitrogen-containing groups they contain. In some embodiments, water or oil-soluble or dispersible products are obtained by such quaternization. Tautomers
[0143] In some situations, compounds exist as tautomers. The compounds described herein include all possible tautomers within the formulas described herein. Tautomers are compounds that are interconvertible by migration of a hydrogen atom, accompanied by a switch of a single bond and adjacent double bond. In bonding arrangements where tautomerization is possible, a chemical equilibrium of the tautomers will exist. All tautomeric forms of the compounds disclosed herein are contemplated. The exact ratio of the tautomers depends on several factors, including temperature, solvent, and pH. Method of Treatment
[0144] Disclosed herein are methods of modulating sodium channels in a subject in need thereof, comprising administering to the subject a therapeutically affective amount of a compound, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, disclosed herein.
[0145] Disclosed herein are methods of inhibiting sodium channels in a subject in need thereof, comprising administering to the subject a therapeutically affective amount of a compound, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, disclosed herein.
[0146] Disclosed herein are methods of inhibiting voltage-gated sodium channels in a subject in need thereof, comprising administering to the subject a therapeutically affective amount of a compound, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, disclosed herein.
[0147] In some embodiments, the voltage-gated sodium channel is NaV1.8.
[0148] Disclosed herein are methods of treating a disease or disorder in a subject in need thereof, comprising administering to the subject a therapeutically affective amount of a compound, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or a pharmaceutical composition disclosed herein. In some embodiments, the disease or disorder is pain.
[0149] Disclosed herein are methods of treating a sodium channel mediated disease or disorder in a subject in need thereof, comprising administering to the subject a therapeutically affective amount of a compound, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or a pharmaceutical composition disclosed herein.
[0150] Also disclosed herein is use of a compound disclosed herein, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or a pharmaceutical composition disclosed herein in the manufacture of a medicament for modulating sodium channels, in a subject in need thereof.
[0151] Also disclosed herein is use of a compound disclosed herein, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or a pharmaceutical composition disclosed herein in the manufacture of a medicament for inhibiting sodium channels, in a subject in need thereof.
[0152] Also disclosed herein is use of a compound disclosed herein, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or a pharmaceutical composition disclosed herein in the manufacture of a medicament for inhibiting voltage-gated sodium channels, in a subject in need thereof.
[0153] Also disclosed herein is use of a compound disclosed herein, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or a pharmaceutical composition disclosed herein in the manufacture of a medicament for treating a disease or disorder, in a subject in need thereof.
[0154] Also disclosed herein is use of a compound disclosed herein, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or a pharmaceutical composition disclosed herein in the manufacture of a medicament for treating a sodium channel mediated disease or disorder, in a subject in need thereof.
[0155] As disclosed herein, the compounds of the present disclosure are useful as inhibitors of voltage-gated sodium ion channels or calcium channels, preferably N-type calcium channels. In some embodiments, the compounds and pharmaceutical compositions disclosed herein are inhibitors of one or more of NaV1. l, NaV1.2, NaV1.3, NaV1.4, NaV1.5, NaV1.6, NaV1.7, NaV1.8, NaV1.9, or CaV2.2, and thus, without wishing to be bound by any particular theory, the compounds and compositions are particularly useful for treating a disease, or disorder where activation or hyperactivity of one or more of NaV1.1, NaV1.2, NaV1.3, NaV1.4, NaV1.5, NaV1.6, NaV1.7, NaV1.8, NaV1.9, or CaV2.2 is implicated in the disease, or disorder. When activation or hyperactivity of NaV1.1, NaV1.2, NaV1.3, NaV1.4, NaV1.5, NaV1.6, NaV1.7, NaV1.8, NaV1.9, or CaV2.2, is implicated in a particular disease or disorder, the disease, or disorder may also be referred to as a “NaV1. l, NaV1.2, NaV1.3, NaV1.4, NaV1.5, NaV1.6, NaV1.7, NaV1.8 or NaV1.9-mediated disease or disorder” or a “CaV2, 2-mediated disease or disorder” . Accordingly, in another aspect, the present invention provides a method for treating a disease or disorder where activation or hyperactivity of one or more of NaV1.1, NaV1.2, NaV1.3, NaV1.4, NaV1.5, NaV1.6, NaV1.7, NaV1.8, NaV1.9, or CaV2.2 is implicated in the disease state.
[0156] In some embodiments, compounds disclosed herein are useful as inhibitors of NaV1.8. In some embodiments, compounds disclosed herein are useful as inhibitors of NaV1.8 and CaV2.2. In some embodiments, compounds disclosed herein are useful as inhibitors of CaV2.2. In some embodiments, compounds disclosed herein are useful as dual inhibitors of NaV1.8 and a TTX-sensitive ion channel such as NaV1.3 or NaV1.7.
[0157] In some embodiments, compounds disclosed herein are useful for treating a disease or disorder, including but not limited to chronic pain, gut pain, neuropathic pain, musculoskeletal pain, acute pain, inflammatory pain, cancer pain, idiopathic pain, postsurgical pain (e.g., bunionectomy pain, herniorrhaphy pain or abdominoplasty pain) , visceral pain, multiple sclerosis, Charcot-Marie-Tooth syndrome, incontinence, pathological cough, or cardiac arrhythmia.
[0158] In some embodiments, the gut pain comprises inflammatory bowel disease pain, Crohn’s disease pain or interstitial cystitis pain.
[0159] In some embodiments, the neuropathic pain comprises post-herpetic neuralgia, small fiber neuropathy or idiopathic small-fiber neuropathy or diabetic neuropathy.
[0160] In some embodiments, the neuropathic pain comprises post-herpetic neuralgia, diabetic neuralgia, painful HIV-associated sensory neuropathy, trigeminal neuralgia, burning mouth syndrome, post-amputation pain, phantom pain, painful neuroma; traumatic neuroma; Morton’s neuroma; nerve entrapment injury, spinal stenosis, carpal tunnel syndrome, radicular pain, sciatica pain; nerve avulsion injury, brachial plexus avulsion injury; complex regional pain syndrome, drug therapy induced neuralgia, cancer chemotherapy induced neuralgia, anti-retroviral therapy induced neuralgia; post spinal cord injury pain, small fiber neuropathy, idiopathic small-fiber neuropathy, idiopathic sensory neuropathy or trigeminal autonomic cephalalgia.
[0161] In some embodiments, the musculoskeletal pain comprises osteoarthritis pain. In some embodiments, the musculoskeletal pain comprises osteoarthritis pain, back pain, cold pain, bum pain or dental pain.
[0162] In some embodiments, the inflammatory pain comprises rheumatoid arthritis pain or vulvodynia.
[0163] In some embodiments, the idiopathic pain comprises fibromyalgia pain.
[0164] In some embodiments, the acute pain comprises acute post-operative pain.
[0165] In some embodiments, the postsurgical pain comprises bunionectomy pain, herniorrhaphy pain or abdominoplasty pain.
[0166] In some embodiments, the visceral pain comprises visceral pain from abdominoplasty.
[0167] In some embodiments, the disease or disorder is neurodegenerative disease. In some embodiments, the neurodegenerative disease comprises multiple sclerosis. In some embodiments, the neurodegenerative disease comprises Pitt Hopkins Syndrome (PTHS) .
[0168] In some embodiments, compounds disclosed herein are useful for treating a disease or disorder, including but not limited to acute pain, chronic pain, neuropathic pain, inflammatory pain, arthritis, migraine, cluster headaches, trigeminal neuralgia, herpetic neuralgia, general neuralgias, epilepsy, epilepsy conditions, neurodegenerative disorders, psychiatric disorders, anxiety, depression, bipolar disorder, myotonia, arrhythmia, movement disorders, neuroendocrine disorders, ataxia, multiple sclerosis, irritable bowel syndrome, incontinence, pathological cough, visceral pain, osteoarthritis pain, postherpetic neuralgia, diabetic neuropathy, radicular pain, sciatica, back pain, head pain, neck pain, severe pain, intractable pain, nociceptive pain, breakthrough pain, postsurgical pain (e.g., bunionectomy pain, herniorrhaphy pain or abdominoplasty pain) , cancer pain, stroke, cerebral ischemia, traumatic brain injury, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, stress induced angina, exercise induced angina, palpitations, hypertension, or abnormal gastrointestinal motility.
[0169] In some embodiments, compounds disclosed herein are useful for treating a disease or disorder, including but not limited to femur cancer pain; non-malignant chronic bone pain; rheumatoid arthritis; osteoarthritis; spinal stenosis; neuropathic low back pain; myofascial pain syndrome; fibromyalgia; temporomandibular joint pain; chronic visceral pain, abdominal pain; pancreatic pain; IBS pain; chronic and acute headache pain; migraine; tension headache; cluster headaches; chronic and acute neuropathic pain, post-herpetic neuralgia; diabetic neuropathy; HIV-associated neuropathy; trigeminal neuralgia; Charcot-Marie-Tooth neuropathy; hereditary sensory neuropathy; peripheral nerve injury; painful neuromas; ectopic proximal and distal discharges; radiculopathy; chemotherapy induced neuropathic pain; radiotherapy-induced neuropathic pain; post-mastectomy pain; central pain; spinal cord injury pain; post-stroke pain; thalamic pain; complex regional pain syndrome; phantom pain; intractable pain; acute pain, acute post-operative pain; acute musculoskeletal pain; joint pain; mechanical low back pain; neck pain; tendonitis; injury pain; exercise pain; acute visceral pain; pyelonephritis; appendicitis; cholecystitis; intestinal obstruction; hernias; chest pain, cardiac pain; pelvic pain, renal colic pain, acute obstetric pain, labor pain; cesarean section pain; acute inflammatory pain, bum pain, trauma pain; acute intermittent pain, endometriosis; acute herpes zoster pain; sickle cell anemia; acute pancreatitis; breakthrough pain; orofacial pain; sinusitis pain; dental pain; multiple sclerosis (MS) pain; pain in depression; leprosy pain; Behcet’s disease pain; adiposis dolorosa; phlebitic pain; Guillain-Barre pain; painful legs and moving toes; Haglund syndrome; erythromelalgia pain; Fabry's disease pain; bladder and urogenital disease; urinary incontinence, pathological cough; hyperactive bladder; painful bladder syndrome; interstitial cystitis (IC) ; prostatitis; complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) , type I, complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) type II; widespread pain, paroxysmal extreme pain, pruritus, tinnitus, or angina-induced pain. Dosing
[0170] In certain embodiments, the compositions containing the compound (s) described herein are administered for therapeutic treatments. In certain therapeutic applications, the compositions are administered to a patient already suffering from a disease or condition, in an amount sufficient to cure or at least partially arrest at least one of the symptoms of the disease or condition. Amounts effective for this use depend on the severity and course of the disease or condition, previous therapy, the patient’s health status, weight, and response to the drugs, and the judgment of the treating physician. Therapeutically effective amounts are optionally determined by methods including, but not limited to, a dose escalation and / or dose ranging clinical trial. Routes of Administration
[0171] Suitable routes of administration include, but are not limited to, oral, intravenous, rectal, aerosol, parenteral, ophthalmic, pulmonary, transmucosal, transdermal, vaginal, otic, nasal, and topical administration. In addition, by way of example only, parenteral delivery includes intramuscular, subcutaneous, intravenous, intramedullary injections, as well as intrathecal, direct intraventricular, intraperitoneal, intralymphatic, and intranasal injections. Pharmaceutical Compositions / Formulations
[0172] The compounds described herein are administered to a subject in need thereof, either alone or in combination with pharmaceutically acceptable carriers, excipients, or diluents, in a pharmaceutical composition, according to standard pharmaceutical practice. In some embodiments, the compounds described herein are administered to animals.
[0173] In another aspect, provided herein are pharmaceutical compositions comprising a compound described herein, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and at least one pharmaceutically acceptable excipient. Pharmaceutical compositions are formulated in a conventional manner using one or more pharmaceutically acceptable excipients that facilitate processing of the active compounds into preparations that can be used pharmaceutically. Proper formulation is dependent upon the route of administration chosen. A summary of pharmaceutical compositions described herein can be found, for example, in Remington: The Science and Practice of Pharmacy, Nineteenth Ed (Easton, Pa.: Mack Publishing Company, 1995) ; Hoover, John E., Remington’s Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mack Publishing Co., Easton, Pennsylvania 1975; Liberman, H. A. and Lachman, L., Eds., Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms, Marcel Decker, New York, N.Y., 1980; and Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms and Drug Delivery Systems, Seventh Ed. (Lippincott Williams &Wilkins1999) , herein incorporated by reference for such disclosure. EXAMPLES
[0174] For the purpose of illustration, the following examples are included. The Examples provided herein describe the synthesis of compounds disclosed herein as well as intermediates used to prepare the compounds. However, it is to be understood that these examples do not limit the present disclosure and are only meant to suggest a method of practicing the present disclosure. Persons skilled in the art will recognize that the chemical reactions described may be readily adapted to prepare a number of other compounds of the present disclosure, and alternative methods for preparing the compounds of the present disclosure are deemed to be within the scope of the present disclosure. For example, the synthesis of non-exemplified compounds according to the present disclosure may be successfully performed by modifications apparent to those skilled in the art, e.g., by appropriately protecting interfering groups, by utilizing other suitable reagents and building blocks known in the art other than those described, and / or by making routine modifications of reaction conditions. Besides, persons skilled in the art will also understand that individual steps described herein or in the separate batches of a compound may be combined. Alternatively, other reactions disclosed herein or known in the art will be recognized as having applicability for preparing other compounds of the present disclosure. The following description is, therefore, not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure, but rather is specified by the claims appended hereto. Example 1.1
[0175] Step 1: To a solution of compound 1-1 (20.0 g, 79.6 mmol) in mesitylene (350 mL) were added 1-2 (20.3 g, 119 mmol) , DMAP (973 mg, 7.97 mmol) , allyl (chloro) palladium (582 mg, 1.59 mmol) and BINAP (2.98 g, 4.78 mmol) . The mixture was stirred at 140 ℃ for 12 hrs. The mixture was cooled to room temperature, filtered to get the filtrate, which was purified by column chromatography (SiO2, Petroleum ether / Ethyl acetate=0 / 1 to 100 / 5) to afford compound 1-3. 1HNMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.34 (dd, J = 4.7, 8.3 Hz, 1H) , 6.98 (t, J = 8.6 Hz, 1H) , 4.23 -4.11 (m, 2H) , 3.57 (s, 2H) , 3.03 (tt, J = 3.2, 6.7 Hz, 2H) , 2.77 -2.55 (m, 2H) , 1.26 (t, J = 7.1 Hz, 3H)
[0176] Step 2: To a solution of compound 1-3 (26.0 g, 100 mmol) in MeOH (90 mL) and THF (160 mL) was added NaOH (3 M, 100 mL) . The mixture was stirred at 25 ℃ for 2 hrs. The mixture was diluted with H2O (300 mL) and extracted with DCM (100 mL *3) . The pH value of the mixture was adjust to 1 with aq. HCl (3 M) and extracted with DCM (100 mL *3) . The combined organic layers was washed dried over Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure to get compound 1-4. 1HNMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.34 (br dd, J = 4.6, 8.1 Hz, 1H) , 7.07 -6.94 (m, 1H) , 3.62 (s, 2H) , 3.26 -2.96 (m, 2H) , 2.78 -2.54 (m, 2H)
[0177] Step 3: To a solution of 1-4 (23.0 g, 99.9 mmol) in ACN (230 mL) was added CDI (17.0 g, 104 mmol) at 0 ℃. The mixture was stirred at 25 ℃ for 2 hrs. Compound 1-5 (53.13g, 108.91mmol) and K2CO3 (17.2 g, 124 mmol) was added and the mixture was stirred at 50 ℃ for 12 hrs. The mixture was washed with H2O (250 mL) and extracted with MTBE (100 mL *3) . The combined organic layers was dried over Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure. The crude product was triturated with IPA (90 mL) and H2O (200 mL) at 25 ℃ for 30 mins to afford compound 1-6. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.30 (dd, J = 4.6, 8.4 Hz, 1H) , 7.10 (t, J = 8.6 Hz, 1H) , 2.94 (br s, 2H) , 2.72 -2.50 (m, 2H) , 2.09 (s, 3H) , 1.78 (d, J = 0.6 Hz, 3H)
[0178] Step 4: To a solution of 1-6 (21.0 g, 59.9 mmol) in MeOH (200 mL) and THF (100 mL) was added NiCl2·6H2O (71.2 g, 299 mmol) at -40 ℃. After addition, NaBH4 (36.2 g, 959 mmol) was added in portions at -40 ℃ in 30 mins. The resulting mixture was stirred at -40 ℃ for 2 hrs. The reaction mixture was quenched with NH4Cl (300 mL) at -40 ℃, and then extracted with DCM (500 mL) . The combined organic layers was washed with brine (200 mL) , dried over Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure to give a residue. The residue was purified by column chromatography (SiO2, Petroleum ether / Ethyl acetate = 1 / 0 to 10 / 1, TLC (Petroleum ether / Ethyl acetate = 5: 1, Rf = 0.3) to afford compound 1-7. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.38 (dd, J = 4.6, 8.4 Hz, 1H) , 7.08 (t, J = 8.7 Hz, 1H) , 4.32 (d, J = 9.3 Hz, 1H) , 3.17 -2.97 (m, 1H) , 2.95 -2.82 (m, 2H) , 2.77 -2.58 (m, 2H) , 1.74 (s, 3H) , 0.80 (qd, J = 2.3, 7.4 Hz, 3H)
[0179] Step 5: To a solution of compound 1-7 (11.5 g, 32.6 mmol) in toluene (150 mL) was added DIBAL-H (1 M, 34.6 mL) at -30 ℃ under N2 for 10 mins. The mixture was stirred at -30 ℃for 30 mins under N2. Aqueous potassium sodium tartrate solution (42.7 g in 200 mL) was added under N2 for 30 mins at 0 ℃. Then the mixture was warmed to 25 ℃ and stirred for 2.5 hrs and extracted with MTBE (100 mL *1) . The organic layer was concentrated to afford compound 1-8.
[0180] Step 6: To a solution of compound 1-8 (12.5 g, 35.2 mmol) in toluene (125 mL) were added TEA (3.71 g, 36.6 mmol, 5.11 mL) and DMAP (43.1 mg, 352 μmol) . Ac2O (3.67 g, 35.9 mmol, 3.38 mL) was then added at 15 ℃ under N2. Then the mixture was stirred at 25 ℃ for 2 hrs. The mixture was washed with aq. NH4Cl (150 mL) and extracted with MTBE (50 mL *1) . The combined organic layers was dried over Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure to get compound 1-9.
[0181] Step 7: To a solution of compound 1-9 (6.00 g, 15.1 mmol) in toluene (60 mL) was added TMSCN (2.25 g, 22.7 mmol) under N2 at -30 ℃, then BF3·Et2O (2.15 g, 15.1 mmol) was added dropwise at -30 ℃. The mixture was stirred at -20 ℃ for 2 hrs. The reaction mixture was quenched by aqueous KOH (2M, 30 mL) at -20~0℃. The mixture was extracted with toluene (60 mL *3) . The combined organic layers were dried over Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure to give a residue. The residue was purified by column chromatography (SiO2, Petroleum ether / Ethyl acetate = 1 / 0 to 10 / 1) to afford compound 1-10.
[0182] Step 8: To a solution of compound 1-10 (500 mg, 1.38 mmol) in EtOH (3.44 mL) was added KOH (2 M, 3.44 mL) . The mixture was stirred at 100 ℃ for 2 hrs. The pH value of the mixture was adjust to 1 with aq. HCl (2 M) and extracted with MTBE (5 mL *3) . The combined organic layers was washed dried over Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by column chromatography (SiO2, Petroleum ether / Ethyl acetate=5 / 1, TLC (Petroleum ether / Ethyl acetate = 5: 1) to afford compound 1-11. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3-d6) δ 7.40 –7.25 (m, 1H) , 7.03 (t, J = 8.4 Hz, 1H) , 4.97 (d, J = 10.0 Hz, 1 H) , 3.89 (t, J = 9.2 Hz, 1 H) , 3.08 –3.10 (m, 1H) , 2.95 –2.83 (m, 1H) , 2.75 –2.55 (m, 3H) , 1.60 (s, 3H) , 0.85 –0.75 (m, 3H) .
[0183] Step 9: To a solution of 1-11 (30 mg, 0.078 mmol) and 5-fluoropyridin-3-amine (17.59 mg, 0.157 mmol) in EA (0.7 mL) was added TEA (0.055 mL, 0.392 mmol) and 2, 4, 6-tributyl-1, 3, 5, 2, 4, 6-trioxatriphosphinane 2, 4, 6-trioxide (283 mg, 0.392 mmol) . Then the mixture was stirred at 80 ℃ for 16 hrs. The mixture was quenched with Sat. NaHCO3 (40 mL) and extracted with EA (10 mL x 3) . The combined organic layers were washed with brine (30 mL) , dried over Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure to give a residue, which was purified by column chromatography (SiO2, PE / EA= 1: 1) to give 1-12.
[0184] Step 10: To a solution of 1-12 (35 mg, 0.073 mmol) in DCM (3 mL) was added m-CPBA (149 mg, 0.735 mmol, 85%purity) . The mixture was stirred at r.t for 16 hrs. The mixture was diluted with DCM (30 mL) and washed with Sat. NaHCO3 (60 mL x 5) and brine (30 mL) , dried over Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure to give a residue. The residue was purified by Prep-HPLC (Waters 2767 / Qda, Column: XBridge C18 19*250mm, 10 um; Mobile Phase A: 0.03%NH3H2O / H2O, B: ACN; flow rate: 20ml / min; gradient: 50%~55%; Retention Time: 9.30 -10.10 min of 16 min) to afford Compond 1. LCMS: MS (ESI) m / z (2M + H) + 985.4. 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 10.47 (s, 1H) , 8.55 (s, 1H) , 8.34 –8.26 (m, 1H) , 7.65 –7.54 (m, 2H) , 7.23 (t, J = 9.1 Hz, 1H) , 5.20 (d, J = 10.3 Hz, 1H) , 4.17 –4.08 (m, 1H) , 3.22 –3.13 (m, 1H) , 3.11 –2.99 (m, 1H) , 2.89 –2.80 (m, 1H) , 2.70 –2.63 (m, 2H) , 1.62 (s, 3H) , 0.69 (d, J = 6.6 Hz, 3H) .
[0185] The following compounds could be prepared using the similar procedure Example 1.2
[0186] Step 1: To a solution of 9-1 (50.0 g, 262 mol) and 3-bromopropanoic acid (60.1 g, 393 mol, 40.6 mL) in DMF (500 mL) was added NaOH (41.9 g, 1.05 mol) and NaI (39.2 g, 262 mmol) . The reaction mixture was stirred at 25℃ for 12 hrs. The crude product was purified by reversed-phase HPLC (0.1%NH3. H2O condition) to afford 9-2. LCMS: MS (ESI) m / z (M -H) -260.9.
[0187] Step 2: A solution of 9-2 (16.9 g, 64.0 mmol) in PPA (252 g, 642 mmol) was stirred at 100℃ for 12 hrs. After cooling to room temeprature, the reaction mixture was quenched with water (200 mL) and extracted with ethyl acetate (2×200 mL) . The combined organic layer was washed with brine (200 mL) , dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure to afford the crude 9-3, which was used into the next step without further purification.
[0188] Step 3: To a solution of 9-3 (8.40 g, 34.3 mmol) in toluene (100 mL) was added PTSA (1.19 g, 6.86 mmol) and ethane-1, 2-dithiol (4.85 g, 51.4 mmol, 4.31 mL) . The mixture was stirred at 110 ℃ for 4 hrs. After cooling to room temperature, the reaction mixture was diluted with H2O (150 mL) and extracted with ethyl acetate (50.0 mL×3) . The combined organic layers were washed with brine (100 mL) , dried over Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure to give a residue. The residue was purified by column chromatography (SiO2, petroleum ether / ethyl acetate = 100 / 1 to 10 / 1, TLC: petroleum ether / ethyl acetate = 10 / 1, Rf = 0.50) to afford 9-4. LCMS: MS (ESI) m / z (M + H) + 320.8.
[0189] Step 4: To a solution of NIS (13.5 g, 59.8 mmol) in DCM (145 mL) was added pyridine; hydrofluoride (22.8 g, 149 mmol, 20.7 mL, 65.0%purity) dropwise at -70 ℃. Then a mixture of compound 9-4 (9.6 g, 29.9 mmol) in DCM (45 mL) (cooled to -70 ℃) was added dropwise and the resulting mixture was stirred at -70 ℃ for 1 hr. The pH value of the solution was adjusted to 6 using aqueous NaOH (2 M) at 0℃, and then the mixture was extracted with DCM (50.0 mL×2) . The combined organic layers were washed with brine (100 mL) , dried over Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure to give a residue, which was purified by column chromatography (SiO2, petroleum ether / ethyl acetate = 100 / 1 to 20 / 1) to afford 9-5. 1H NMR(CDCl3-d) δ 7.56 (q, J = 6.0 Hz, 1H) , 6.68 (t, J = 9.2 Hz, 1H) , 4.45 (t, J = 5.6 Hz, 2H) , 2.62-2.46 (m, 2H) .
[0190] Following the similar procedure as described above, Compound 9 could be prepared. LCMS: MS (ESI) m / z (M -H) - 489.1. 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 10.49 (s, 1H) , 8.65 (s, 1H) , 7.98 (d, J = 6.4 Hz, 1H) , 7.50 (d, J = 8.4 Hz, 1H) , 7.45 (t, J = 8.4 Hz, 1H) , 7.35 (dd, J = 6.8, 8.4 Hz, 1H) , 6.93 (t, J = 10.4 Hz, 1H) , 5.13 (d, J = 10.0 Hz, 1H) , 4.40 –4.30 (m, 2H) , 4.15 (t, J =9.6 Hz, 1H) , 2.86 -2.78 (m, 1H) , 2.62 -2.54 (m, 2H) , 1.58 (s, 3H) , 0.69 (d, J = 6.0 Hz, 3H) .
[0191] the following compounds could be prepared using the similar procedures Example 1.3
[0192] Step 1: To a solution of 2-1 (1000 mg, 5.35 mmol) in DMA (15 mL) were added Pd (dppf) Cl2 (391 mg, 0.535 mmol) , zinc (419 mg, 6.42 mmol) , dicyanozinc (816 mg, 6.95 mmol) , diacetoxyzinc (490 mg, 2.67 mmol) under N2. The mixture was stirred at 110 ℃ for 50 min under microwave (2 bar) irradiation. The mixture was cooled to room temperature, diluted with EA (50 mL) and then filtered. H2O (50 mL) was added and the organic layer was separated. The aqueous phase was extracted with EA (50 mL x 3) . The combined organic layers was washed with brine (50 mL x 3) , dried with Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated. The residue was purified by silica gel column (eluted with PE / EA=1 / 0 to1 / 1) to yield 2-2. LCMS: MS (ESI) m / z (M + H) + 134.1.
[0193] Step 2: To a solution of 1-11 (90 mg, 0.235 mmol) and 2-2 (47.0 mg, 0.353 mmol) in Ethyl acetate (2.5 mL) were added TEA (0.164 mL, 1.177 mmol) and T3P (0.555 mL, 0.942 mmol, 50%in EA) . The mixture was stirred at 25 ℃ for 12 hrs. The mixture was diluted with NaHCO3 (20 mL) , extracted with EA (20 mL x 3) . The combined organic layers was washed with brine (50 mL x 1) , dried and concentrated. The residue was purified by silica gel column (eluted with PE / EA = 1 / 0 to 3 / 1) to yield 2-3. LCMS: MS (ESI) m / z (M + H) + 498.1.
[0194] Step 3: To a solution of 2-3 (70 mg, 0.141 mmol) in DCE (3.5 mL) was added m-CPBA (243 mg, 1.407 mmol, 85%purity) . The mixture was stirred at 70 ℃ for 12 hrs. The mixture was diluted with NaHCO3 (20 mL) , extracted with DCM (20 mL x 3) . The combined layers were washed with NaHCO3 (3 x 30 mL) and brine (20 mL) , dried and concentrated. The residue was purified by silica gel column (eluted with PE / EA = 1 / 0 to 1 / 1, DCM / MeOH = 10 / 1) to yield 2-4. LCMS: MS (ESI) m / z (M + H) + 514.2.
[0195] Step 4: To a solution of 2-4 (19 mg, 0.037 mmol) in ethanol (0.5 mL) were added hydroxylamine hydrochloride (12.86 mg, 0.185 mmol) and TEA (0.026 mL, 0.185 mmol) . The mixture was stirred at 80 ℃ for 30 mins. The mixture was concentrated and purity by prep-HPLC (Waters 2767 / Qda Column: Pursuit XRs 10 C18, 21.2*250 mm, 10um; 0.1%FA / H2O-ACN; 53-63%, 20 mL / min, 8.0-9.0 min of 16 min) to Compound 2. LCMS: MS (ESI) m / z (M + H) +547.1. 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 10.10 (s, 1H) , 9.57 (s, 1H) , 8.23 (s, 1H) , 8.19 (s, 1H) , 7.66 (dd, J = 8.6, 4.8 Hz, 1H) , 7.25 (t, J = 8.9 Hz, 1H) , 6.77 (br. s, 1H) , 5.35 (d, J = 10.6 Hz, 1H) , 4.20 –4.03 (m, 1H) , 3.20 –3.00 (m, 2H) , 2.90 –2.80 (m, 1H) , 2.72 –2.55 (m, 2H) , 2.14 (s, 3H) , 1.64 (s, 3H) , 0.71 (d, J = 5.7 Hz, 3H) .
[0196] The following compounds could be prepared using the similar procedure Example 1.4
[0197] Following the procedure described in Example 1.3, compound 3-1 could be prepared using starting material 1-11. LCMS: MS (ESI) m / z (M + H) + 500.1.
[0198] Step 2: To a solution of 3-1 (10 mg, 0.020 mmol) in EtOH (1 mL) was added TEA (8.37 μL, 0.060 mmol) , EDTA (1.170 mg, 4.00 μmol) , 2-mercaptoacetic acid (2.213 mg, 0.024 mmol) . The mixture was stirred at 80℃ for 12 hrs. The mixture was concentrated. The residue was purity by prep-HPLC (Waters 2767 / Qda Column: Pursuit XRs 10 C18, 21.2*250 mm, 10um; 0.1%FA / H2O-ACN; 53-58%, 20 mL / min, 7.8-8.8 min of 16 min) to yield Compound 3. LCMS: MS (ESI) m / z (M + H) + 577.2. 1H NMR (400 MHz, MeOD-d4) δ 8.24 –8.14 (m, 2H) , 7.94 –7.82 (m, 1H) , 7.53 (dd, J = 8.0, 5.0 Hz, 1H) , 7.08 (t, J = 8.8 Hz, 1H) , 5.14 (d, J = 10.3 Hz, 1H) , 4.20 –4.08 (m, 3H) , 3.83 –3.76 (m, 2H) , 3.20 –3.10 (m, 1H) , 3.08 –2.96 (m, 1H) , 2.88 –2.78 (m, 1H) , 2.71 –2.57 (m, 2H) , 1.67 (s, 3H) , 0.81 (d, J = 6.0 Hz, 3H) .
[0199] Starting from intermediate 1-11, the following compounds could be prepared using the similar procedure Example 1.5
[0200] Step 1: To a solution of 1-11 (30 mg, 0.078 mmol) and methyl 5-aminopicolinate (23.88 mg, 0.157 mmol) in EA (0.7 mL) was added TEA (0.055 mL, 0.392 mmol) and T3P (0.231 mL, 0.392 mmol) (50%in EA) . The mixture was stirred at r.t for 16 hrs. The mixture was quenched by Sat. NaHCO3 (40 mL) and extracted with EA (15 mL x 3) . The combined organic layers were washed with brine (50 mL) , dried over Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure to give a residue, which was purified by column chromatography (SiO2, PE / EA= 1: 2) to give 4-1. LCMS: MS (ESI) m / z (M + H) + 517.6.
[0201] Step 2: A mixture of 4-1 (30 mg, 0.058 mmol) in NH3 / MeOH (0.50 mL, 7 mol / L) was stirred at r.t for 16 hrs in a sealed tube. The mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure to give a residue, which was purified by column chromatography (SiO2, PE / EA= 1: 1) to give 4-2. LCMS: MS (ESI) m / z (M + H) + 502.6.
[0202] Step 3: To a solution of 4-2 (25 mg, 0.050 mmol) in DCM (4 mL) was added m-CPBA (35.4 mg, 0.17 mmol, 85%purity) . The mixture was stirred at r.t for 16 hrs. Another portion of m-CPBA (30.1 mg, 0.17 mmol, 85%purity) was added. The resulting mixture was stirred at r.t for another 24 hrs. The mixture was diluted with DCM (30 mL) and washed with Sat. NaHCO3 (60 mL*3) and brine (30 mL) . The organic layer was dried over Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure to give a residue, which was purified by prep-HPLC (Waters 2767 / Qda, Column: XBridge C18 19*250mm, 10 um; Mobile Phase A: 10 mmol / L NH4HCO3 / H2O, B: ACN; flow rate: 20ml / min; gradient: 50%~55%; Retention Time: 8.70 -9.90 min of 16 min) to give Compund 4. LCMS: MS (ESI) m / z (M + H) + 518.2. 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 10.61 (s, 1H) , 10.11 (s, 1H) , 8.88 (d, J = 1.6 Hz, 1H) , 8.20 –8.13 (m, 2H) , 7.79 –7.71 (m, 1H) , 7.59 (dd, J = 8.3, 5.0 Hz, 1H) , 7.23 (t, J = 8.9 Hz, 1H) , 5.22 (d, J = 10.2 Hz, 1H) , 4.18 –4.09 (m, 1H) , 3.22 –3.13 (m, 1H) , 3.10 –3.00 (m, 1H) , 2.89 –2.81 (m, 1H) , 2.71 –2.61 (m, 2H) , 1.63 (s, 3H) , 0.70 (d, J = 6.2 Hz, 3H) .
[0203] Starting from intermediate 1-11, the following compounds could be prepared using the similar procedure Example 1.6
[0204] Step 1: To a solution of 5-1 (1 g, 6.33 mmol) in EtOH (20 mL) was added Pd / C (100 mg, 10%w / w) at 0 ℃ under nitrogen atmosphere. The reaction system was degassed with H2 for three times and stirred at r.t. for 16 hrs. The reaction was filtered through a celite pad and washed with MeOH (10 mL x 2) . The combined organic layers were concentrated to give a residue, which was purified by column chromatography (SiO2, DCM / MeOH=10 / 1) to give 5-2. LCMS: MS (ESI) m / z (M + H) + 129.4. 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 8.18 (dd, J = 6.9, 2.0 Hz, 1H) , 7.74 (dd, J = 7.0, 1.1 Hz, 1H) , 6.68 (dd, J = 10.5, 7.0 Hz, 1H) , 6.24 (s, 2H) .
[0205] Step 2: To a solution of 1-11 (30 mg, 0.078 mmol) in DCM (0.45 mL) was added oxalyl chloride (0.014 mL, 0.157 mmol) and DMF (1.215 μl, 0.016 mmol) . After stirring at 0 ℃ for 0.5h, a mixture of 5-2 (20.11 mg, 0.157 mmol) and triethylamine (31.8 mg, 0.314 mmol) in DMF (0.2 mL) was added drop-wise. Then DMAP (0.096 mg, 0.785 μmol) was added. The mixture was stirred at -10 ℃ for another 0.5 h. The reaction was quenched with Sat. NaHCO3 (5 mL) , diluted with water (30 mL) and extracted with EA (10 mL x 3) . The combined organic layers were washed with brine (30 mL x 3) , dried over Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated to give a residue, which was purified by prep-HPLC (Waters 2767 / Qda, Column: XBridge C18 19*250mm, 10 um; Mobile Phase A: 10 mmol / L NH4HCO3 / H2O, B: ACN; flow rate: 20ml / min; gradient: 49%~53%; Retention Time: 8.60 -9.60 min of 16 min ) to afford compound 5. LCMS: MS (ESI) m / z (M +H) + 493.1. 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 10.26 (s, 1H) , 8.57 (dd, J = 6.4, 1.7 Hz, 1H) , 8.05 (d, J = 7.3 Hz, 1H) , 7.96 –7.88 (m, 1H) , 7.60 (dd, J = 8.5, 4.7 Hz, 1H) , 7.24 (t, J = 8.9 Hz, 1H) , 5.36 (d, J = 10.4 Hz, 1H) , 4.10 (dd, J = 10.3, 7.8 Hz, 1H) , 3.20 –3.00 (m, 2H) , 2.92 –2.81 (m, 1H) , 2.74 –2.60 (m, 2H) , 1.62 (s, 3H) , 0.70 (d, J = 6.4 Hz, 3H) . Example 1.7
[0206] Step 1: To a stirred solution of CH3CN (5.10 mL, 98 mmol) was added NaHMDS (98 mL, 98 mmol) dropwisely at -60 ℃ under nitrogen atmosphere, the reaction mixture was stirred at -60 ℃ for 30 minutes. Then a solution of 6-1 (7 g, 32.5 mmol) in THF (20 mL) was dropwisely added, the mixture was stirred at -60 ℃ for another 3h. Acetic acid (5.77 mL, 101 mmol) was added. The reaction was quenched with Sat. NH4Cl (150 mL) and extracted with EA (80 mL x 3) . The combined organic layers were washed with brine (200 mL) , dried over Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure to give a residue, which was purified by column chromatography (SiO2, PE / EA= 10 / 1 to 2 / 1) to afford 6-2. 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ7.75 (s, 1H) , 4.08 (s, 2H) , 1.46 –1.42 (m, 2H) , 1.41 (s, 9H) , 1.17 –1.12 (m, 2H) . Step 2: To a solution of 6-2 (900 mg, 4.01 mmol) in EtOH (20 mL) was added methylhydrazine sulfate (1157 mg, 8.03 mmol) . The reaction system was degassed with nitrogen for three times and stirred at 80 ℃ for 16 hrs. The reaction was concentrated in vacuum to give a residue, which was purified by column chromatography (C18, ACN / H2O (contain 0.5%NH4OH) ) to afford 6-3. LCMS: MS (ESI) m / z (M + H) + 253.2..
[0207] Step 3: To a solution of (2R, 3S, 4S, 5R) -3- (3, 4-difluoro-2-methoxyphenyl) -4, 5-dimethyl-5- (trifluoromethyl) tetrahydrofuran-2-carboxylic acid (50 mg, 0.141 mmol) in DCM (0.80 mL) was added oxalyl chloride (0.025 mL, 0.282 mmol) and DMF (2.186 μl, 0.028 mmol) . After stirring at 0 ℃ for 0.5h, a mixture of 6-3 (71.2 mg, 0.282 mmol) and triethylamine (57.1 mg, 0.565 mmol) in DMF (0.300 mL) was added drop-wisely. Then DMAP (0.172 mg, 1.411 μmol) was added. The mixture was stirred at -10 ℃ for another 0.5 h. The reaction was quenched with Sat. NaHCO3 (5 mL) , diluted with water (30 mL) and extracted with EA (10 mL x 3) . The combined organic layers were washed with brine (30 mL x 3) , dried over Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure to give a residue, which was purified by column chromatography (SiO2, PE / EA= 1: 1) to afford 6-4. LCMS: MS (ESI) m / z (M + H) + 589.7.
[0208] Step 4: To a solution of 6-4 (50 mg, 0.085 mmol) in dioxane (1 mL) was added HCl-dioxane (1 mL, 4 mol / L) . The mixture was stirred at r.t. for 1 h. The mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure to give a residue, which was purified by column chromatography (C18, ACN / H2O (contain 0.5%FA) ) then column chromatography (C18, ACN / H2O (contain 0.5%NH4OH) ) to afford Compound 6. LCMS: MS (ESI) m / z (M + H) + 489.2. 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 10.12 (s, 1H) , 7.23 –7.14 (m, 2H) , 6.10 (s, 1H) , 5.13 (d, J = 10.4 Hz, 1H) , 4.18 (dd, J = 10.3, 7.6 Hz, 1H) , 3.94 (d, J = 1.9 Hz, 3H) , 3.45 (s, 3H) , 2.80 –2.69 (m, 1H) , 2.28 (br. s, 2H) , 1.60 (s, 3H) , 0.85 –0.76 (m, 4H) , 0.73 (d, J = 6.2 Hz, 3H) .
[0209] Following the similar procedure described above example, the following compounds could be prepared: Example 1.8
[0210] Step 1: SFC separation (column: ChiralPak IH (250mm*30mm, 10um) ; mobile phase: [0.1%NH3H2O EtOH] ; B%: 20%-20%, 4 min) of compound 10 (prepared from literature: Monatshefte fuer Chemie (2016) , 147 (9) , 1629-1636) yielded 10-1A and 10-1B from Peak 1 and Peak 2:
[0211] First Peak (10-1A) : LCMS: MS (ESI) m / z (M + H) + 238.1; 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.27 (s, 1H) , 7.19 (s, 1H) , 4.81 (brs, 1H) , 3.82 (s, 3H) , 2.62 –2.50 (m, 1H) , 1.85 –1.76 (m, 1H) , 1.45 (s, 9H) , 1.08 -0.86 (m, 2H) . SFC: TR = 1.638 min
[0212] Second Peak (10-1B) : LCMS: MS (ESI) m / z (M + H) + 238.3; 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.27 (s, 1H) , 7.19 (s, 1H) , 4.81 (brs, 1H) , 3.82 (s, 3H) , 2.62 –2.50 (m, 1H) , 1.85 –1.76 (m, 1H) , 1.45 (s, 9H) , 1.08 -0.86 (m, 2H) . SFC: TR = 1.698 min
[0213] Analytical SFC method: Column: Chiralpak AD-3 100×4.6mm I. D., 3um; Mobile phase: A:CO2 B: ethanol (0.05%DEA) ; Gradient: from 5%to 40%of B in 3 min then 5%of B for 1 min; Flow rate: 2.8mL / min; Column temp.: 35℃; ABPR: 1500psi.
[0214] Step 2: To a solution of 10-1B (peak 2, 60.0 mg, 0.25 mmol) in DCM (2 mL) was added TFA (0.5 mL, 6.49 mmol) at 25 ℃. After addition, the resulting mixture was stirred at 25 ℃ for 5 hrs. The reaction mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure to afford 10-2B / 10-2A. LCMS: MS (ESI) m / z (M + H) + 138.3.
[0215] Step 3: To a solution of 1-11 (20.0 mg, 0.05 mmol) in DCM (5 mL) were added oxalyl chloride (0.05 mL, 0.52 mmol) at 25 ℃. After addition, the resulting mixture was stirred at 25 ℃for 1 hr. Then the resulting mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure to give a residue. The residue was diluted with DCM (2 mL) and then was added to a solution of 10-2B and DIEA (0.09 mL, 0.52 mmol) in DCM (2 mL) . The resulting mixture was stirred at 25 ℃ for 1 hr. The reaction mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure to give a residue, which was purified by prep-HPLC (column: Welch Triart C18 250 × 21.2 mm × 10 μm; mobile phase: [water (0.1%FA) -ACN] ; B%: 50%-70%, 20 min) to afford Compound 10B. LCMS: MS (ESI) m / z (M +H) + 502.4. 1H NMR (400 MHz, Methanol-d4) δ 7.54 (s, 1H) , 7.50 –7.40 (m, 2H) , 7.06 (t, J = 8.9 Hz, 1H) , 4.92 (d, J = 10.7 Hz, 1H) , 3.99 (dd, J = 10.7, 8.0 Hz, 1H) , 3.85 (s, 3H) , 3.19 –3.08 (m, 1H) , 3.06 –2.95 (m, 1H) , 2.82 –2.70 (m, 1H) , 2.71 –2.57 (m, 3H) , 1.90 –1.85 (m, 1H) , 1.65 –1.56 (m, 3H) , 1.14 –1.07 (m, 1H) , 1.07 -1.00 (m, 1H) , 0.82 –0.74 (m, 3H) .
[0216] Following the similar procedure described above, Compound 10A could be prepared with peak 1. LCMS: MS (ESI) m / z (M + H) + 502.3. 1H NMR (400 MHz, Methanol-d4) δ 7.52 –7.45 (m, 1H) , 7.35 (s, 1H) , 7.26 (s, 1H) , 7.06 (t, J = 8.9 Hz, 1H) , 4.92 (d, J = 10.6 Hz, 1H) , 3.99 (dd, J = 10.7, 8.0 Hz, 1H) , 3.78 (s, 3H) , 3.19 –3.07 (m, 1H) , 3.06 –2.95 (m, 1H) , 2.80 –2.71 (m, 1H) , 2.70 –2.57 (m, 3H) , 1.78 -1.72 (m, 1H) , 1.64 –1.58 (m, 3H) , 1.13 –1.07 (m, 1H) , 1.04 -0.97 (m, 1H) , 0.81 –0.75 (m, 3H) . Example 1.9
[0217] Step 1: To a solution of 15-1 (400 mg, 1.784 mmol) in Methanol (15 mL) was added Pd / C (200 mg, 10%w / w) . The reaction mixture was stirred at r.t for 16hrs under H2. The reaction mixture was filtered and the filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure to give a residue, which was purified by column chromatography (SiO2, PE / EA= 1: 1) to give 15-2. LCMS: MS (ESI) m / z (M + H) + 195.2
[0218] Step 2: To a solution of 15-3 (40 mg, 0.105 mmol) , 15-2 (30.5 mg, 0.157 mmol) in ethyl acetate (1.5 mL) was added Triethylamine (0.073 mL, 0.523 mmol) and 2, 4, 6-tributyl-1, 3, 5, 2, 4, 6-trioxatriphosphinane 2, 4, 6-trioxide (377 mg, 0.523 mmol, 50%w / w in Ethyl acetate) . The mixture was stirred at 80 ℃ for 12 hrs. The mixture was diluted with NaHCO3 (20 mL) , extracted with EA (20 mL x 3) . The combined organic layers were washed with brine (20 mL) , dried over Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure to give a residue, which was purified by silica gel column chromatography (PE / EA = 5 / 1 to 1 / 1) to yield 15-3. LCMS: MS (ESI) m / z (M + H) +559.6.
[0219] Step 3: To a solution of 15-3 (50 mg, 0.090 mmol) in THF (2 mL) was added HCl (2 mL, 4.00 mmol, 2N in H2O) under ice-baths. The mixture was stirred at 25 ℃ for 2 hr. The mixture was diluted with NaHCO3 (20 mL) , extracted with EA (20 mL x 3) , the combined organic layers were dried over Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure to give a residue, which was purified by perp-HPLC (Waters 2767 / Qda, Column: Sunfire C18, 19*250 mm, 10um; Mobile Phase A: 0.1%FA / H2O, B: ACN; flow rate: 20 mL / min; gradient: 47-55%; Retention Time: 6.2-8.4 min of 16 min) to yield Compound 15. LCMS: MS (ESI) m / z (M + H) + 518.9. 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 10.31 (s, 1H) , 8.67 (d, J = 2.3 Hz, 1H) , 7.97 (dd, J = 8.5, 2.5 Hz, 1H) , 7.58 (dd, J = 8.5, 4.8 Hz, 1H) , 7.41 (d, J = 8.5 Hz, 1H) , 7.23 (t, J = 8.9 Hz, 1H) , 5.33 (d, J = 4.3 Hz, 1H) , 5.18 (d, J = 10.4 Hz, 1H) , 4.64 (s, 1H) , 4.58 –4.49 (m, 1H) , 4.11 (dd, J = 10.3, 7.6 Hz, 1H) , 3.66 –3.58 (m, 1H) , 3.48 –3.38 (m, 1H) , 3.25 –3.01 (m, 2H) , 2.91 –2.79 (m, 1H) , 2.75 –2.59 (m, 2H) , 1.62 (s, 3H) , 0.70 (d, J = 5.8 Hz, 3H) .
[0220] Starting from intermediate 1-11, the following compounds could be prepared using the similar procedure Example 1.10
[0221] Step 1: To a mixture of tert-butyl 17-1 (300 mg, 1.259 mmol) in acetonitrile (7 mL) was added potassium carbonate (348 mg, 2.52 mmol) and iodomethane-d3 (219 mg, 1.511 mmol) . The mixture was stirred at 60 ℃ for 16h. The mixture was diluted with water (40 mL) and extracted with DCM / MeOH (8 / 1, 10 mL x 5) . The combined organic layers were washed with brine (60 mL) , dried over Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure to give a residue. The residue was purified by column chromatography (C18, ACN in H2O 0-70%) to give 17-2. LCMS: MS (ESI) m / z (M + H) + 256.1.
[0222] Step 2: To a solution of 2-11 (30 mg, 0.078 mmol) and 17-2 (40.1 mg, 0.157 mmol) in Ethyl acetate (0.7 mL) was added Triethylamine (0.055 mL, 0.392 mmol) and T4P (141 mg, 0.392 mmol) (50%w / w in Ethyl acetate) . Then the mixture was stirred at 80 ℃ for 2hrs. The mixture was quenched with Sat. NaHCO3 (30 mL) and extracted with EA (10 mL x 3) . The combined organic layers were washed with brine (30 mL) , dried over Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure to give a residue, which was purified by column chromatography (SiO2, PE / EA= 3: 1) to give 17-3. LCMS: MS (ESI) m / z (M + H) + 620.7. Step 3: To a solution of 17-3 (35 mg, 0.056 mmol) in 1, 4-Dioxane (1 mL) was added HCl (4M in dioxane, 1 mL, 4.00 mmol) . The mixture was stirred at r.t for 2hrs. The mixture was quenched with Sat. NaHCO3 (10 mL) , diluted with water (20 mL) and extracted with DCM (10 mL x 3) . The combined organic layers were washed with Sat. NaHCO3 (30 mL x 2) and brine (30 mL) , dried over Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure to give a residue, which was purified by column chromatography (C18, ACN in H2O 0-70%) to give compound 17. LCMS: MS (ESI) m / z (M + H) + 520.2. 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 10.08 (s, 1H) , 7.60 (dd, J = 8.5, 4.6 Hz, 1H) , 7.24 (t, J = 8.9 Hz, 1H) , 6.08 (s, 1H) , 5.21 (d, J = 10.4 Hz, 1H) , 4.05 (dd, J = 10.4, 7.6 Hz, 1H) , 3.20 –3.01 (m, 2H) , 2.89 –2.80 (m, 1H) , 2.71 –2.52 (m, 2H) , 2.30 –2.12 (m, 2H) , 1.61 (s, 3H) , 0.82 –0.74 (m, 4H) , 0.71 (d, J = 6.3 Hz, 3H) . Example 1.11
[0223] To a solution of 1-11 (40 mg, 0.105 mmol) and 20-1 (32.1 mg, 0.209 mmol) in Ethyl acetate (1 mL) was added Triethylamine (0.073 mL, 0.523 mmol) and T4P (188 mg, 0.523 mmol) (50%w / w in Ethyl acetate) . Then the mixture was stirred at 80 ℃ for 16h. The mixture was quenched with Sat. NaHCO3 (60 mL) and extracted with EA (20 mL x 3) . The combined organic layers were washed with brine (60 mL) , dried over Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure to give a residue, which was purified by Prep-HPLC (Waters 2767 / Qda, Column: XBridge C18 19*250mm, 10 um; Mobile Phase A: 0.03%NH3H2O / H2O, B: ACN; flow rate: 20ml / min; gradient: 54%~54%; Retention Time: 9.50 –10.70 min of 16 min) to obtain compound 20. LCMS: MS (ESI) m / z (M + H) + 518.2. 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 9.74 (s, 1H) , 8.00 (s, 1H) , 7.56 (dd, J = 8.5, 4.8 Hz, 1H) , 7.24 (t, J = 9.0 Hz, 1H) , 5.46 –5.36 (m, 1H) , 5.21 (d, J =10.6 Hz, 1H) , 4.87 –4.74 (m, 4H) , 4.07 (dd, J = 10.4, 7.5 Hz, 1H) , 3.15 –3.04 (m, 2H) , 2.90 –2.76 (m, 1H) , 2.74 –2.59 (m, 2H) , 2.11 (s, 3H) , 1.59 (s, 3H) , 0.71 (d, J = 6.0 Hz, 3H) . Example 1.12
[0224] Step 1: To the solution of 1-11 (150 mg, 0.392 mmol) , methyl 5-amino-3-fluoropicolinate (134 mg, 0.785 mmol) , triethylamine (199 mg, 1.962 mmol) in EtOAc (3 mL) was added 2, 4, 6-tributyl-1, 3, 5, 2, 4, 6-trioxatriphosphinane 2, 4, 6-trioxide (1414 mg, 1.962 mmol) (50%w / w in Ethyl acetate) . The mixture was stirred at 80℃ for 16 hrs. The mixture was diluted with aq. NaHCO3 (15 mL) , extracted with EA (10 mL x 3) . The combined organic layers were dried over Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure to give a residue, which was purified by silica gel column chromatography (50%EA in PE ) to afford 25-1. LCMS: MS (ESI) m / z (M + H) +535.2.
[0225] Step 2: To the solution of methyl 25-1 (110mg, 0.206 mmol) , urea-hydrogen peroxide (1 / 1) (58.1 mg, 0.617 mmol) in DCM (1 mL) was added 2, 2, 2-trifluoroacetic anhydride (143 mg, 0.679 mmol) at 0℃. The mixture was stirred at 25 ℃ for 16 hr. The mixture was diluted with aq. NaHCO3 (15 mL) , extracted with DCM (20 mL x 3) . The combined organic layers were dried over Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure to give a residue, which was purified by silica gel column chromatography MeOH in DCM (0-10%) to give 25-2. LCMS: MS (ESI) m / z (M + H) + 551.1.
[0226] Step 3: To the solution of 25-2 (110 mg, 0.200 mmol) in THF (5 mL) and MeOH (2 mL) was added the solution of lithium hydroxide (110 mg, 4.59 mmol) in water (2 mL) . The mixture was stirred at r.t for 2 hr. The reaction was directly purified by reversed phase chromatography (ACN in 0.03%aq NH4HCO3 5-30%) to afford compound 25. LCMS: MS (ESI) m / z (M + H) +537.3. 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 10.46 (s, 1H) , 8.50 (d, J = 51.6 Hz, 1H) , 7.60 (dd, J =8.4, 4.9 Hz, 1H) , 7.51 (dd, J = 9.5, 1.4 Hz, 1H) , 7.33 –7.02 (m, 1H) , 5.21 (t, J = 10.2 Hz, 1H) , 4.12 (dd, J = 10.1, 7.6 Hz, 1H) , 3.23 –2.98 (m, 2H) , 2.90 –2.75 (m, 1H) , 2.74 –2.60 (m 2H) , 1.62 (s, 3H) , 0.68 (d, J = 6.4 Hz, 3H) . Example 1.13
[0227] Step 1: To a solution of 26-1 (4 g, 28.56 mmol) in DMF (20 mL) was added t-BuOK (4.806 g, 42.82 mmol) and 3-iodooxetane (13.14 g, 71.4 mmol) . The resulting mixture was stirred at 80 ℃ for 16 hrs. The mixture was diluted with water (200 mL) and extracted with EA (50 mL x 3) , washed with brine (150 mL x 3) , dried over Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure to give a residue. The residue was purified by column chromatography (SiO2, DCM / MeOH= 12: 1) to give 26-2. LCMS: MS (ESI) m / z (M + H) + 197.0.
[0228] Step 2: To a mixture of 26-2 (320 mg, 1.631 mmol) in EtOH (15 mL) and Water (3 mL) was added ammonium chloride (873 mg, 16.31 mmol) and iron (911 mg, 16.31 mmol) . The mixture was stirred at 90 ℃ for 1h. The mixture was filtered. The filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure to give a residue, which was purified by column chromatography (SiO2, DCM / NH3-MeOH= 6: 1) to give 26-3. LCMS: MS (ESI) m / z (M + H) + 167.1.
[0229] Step 3: To a solution of 1-11 (30 mg, 0.078 mmol) and 26-3 (26.1 mg, 0.157 mmol) in ethyl acetate (1 mL) was added triethylamine (0.055 mL, 0.392 mmol) and 2, 4, 6-tributyl-1, 3, 5, 2, 4, 6-trioxatriphosphinane 2, 4, 6-trioxide (283 mg, 0.392 mmol) (50%w / w in Ethyl acetate) . Then the mixture was stirred at 30 ℃ for 1h. The mixture was quenched with Sat. NaHCO3 (40 mL) and extracted with EA (15 mL x 3) . The combined organic layers were washed with brine (60 mL) , dried over Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure to give a residue. The residue was purified by column chromatography (SiO2, PE / EA= 1: 1) and Prep-HPLC (Waters 2767 / Qda, Column: XBridge C18 19*250mm, 10 um; Mobile Phase A: 0.03%NH3H2O / H2O, B: ACN; flow rate: 20ml / min; gradient: 55%~58%; Retention Time: 6.80 –7.50 min of 16 min) to give Compound 26. LCMS: MS (ESI) m / z (M + H) + : 531.1. 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ10.01 (s, 1H) , 8.28 (d, J = 2.7 Hz, 1H) , 7.57 (dd, J = 8.5, 4.7 Hz, 1H) , 7.52 (dd, J = 9.7, 2.8 Hz, 1H) , 7.23 (t, J = 9.0 Hz, 1H) , 6.39 (d, J = 9.7 Hz, 1H) , 5.60 –5.50 (m, 1H) , 5.14 (d, J = 10.5 Hz, 1H) , 4.92 –4.84 (m, 2H) , 4.66 –4.58 (m, 2H) , 4.09 (dd, J = 10.4, 7.6 Hz, 1H) , 3.22 –2.99 (m, 2H) , 2.89 –2.79 (m, 1H) , 2.74 –2.60 (m, 2H) , 1.61 (s, 3H) , 0.68 (d, J = 6.0 Hz, 3H) .
[0230] Following the similar procedure described above examples, the following compounds could be prepared: Example 1.14 Step 1: To a solution of 1-11 (30 mg, 0.078 mmol) , methyl 5-aminopyrimidine-2-carboxylate (18.03 mg, 0.118 mmol) in ethyl acetate (2 mL) was added triethylamine (0.055 ml, 0.392 mmol) and 1, 3, 5, 2, 4, 6-Trioxatriphosphorinane, 2, 4, 6-tributyl-, 2, 4, 6-trioxide (141 mg, 0.392 mmol) (50%w / w in Ethyl acetate) . The mixture stirred at 80 ℃ for 2 hr. The reaction was diluted with NaHCO3 (20 mL) and extracted with EA (5 mL x 3) . The combined organic layers were washed with brine (10 mL) , dried over Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated in vacuum to give a residue. The residue was purified through column chromatography (SiO2, PE: EA=1 / 1) to afford 28-1. LCMS: MS (ESI) m / z (M + H) + : 518.1. Step 2: To a solution of 28-1 (35 mg, 0.068 mmol) in MeOH (1 mL) and THF (1 mL) was added the solution of LiOH (32.4 mg, 1.353 mmol) in water (1 mL) . The mixture stirred at rt for 1 hr. The mixture was diluted with water (10 mL) and pH value was adjusted to 2-3 using 2N HCl (aq. ) . The mixture was extracted with EA (5 mL x 3) . The combined organic layers were washed with brine (10 mL) , dried over Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated in vacuum to give a residue. The residue was purified through prep-HPLC (Waters 2767 / Qda, Column: Sunfire C18, 19*250mm*10μm; Mobile Phase: A: 0.1%FA in H2O, B-ACN; Flow rate: 20mL / min; Gradient: 54-55%; Retention Time: 7.8-10.5 min of 16 min) to afford Compound 28. LCMS: MS (ESI) m / z (M + H) + : 504.3. 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 13.40 (s, 1H) , 10.67 (s, 1H) , 9.18 (s, 2H) , 7.62 (dd, J = 8.6, 4.8 Hz, 1H) , 7.23 (t, J = 8.9 Hz, 1H) , 5.29 (d, J = 10.4 Hz, 1H) , 4.16 (dd, J =10.3, 7.7 Hz, 1H) , 3.25 –3.12 (m, 1H) , 3.10 –3.00 (m, 1H) , 2.92 –2.80 (m, 1H) , 2.75 –2.50 (m, 2H) , 1.65 (s, 3H) , 0.70 (d, J = 5.8 Hz, 3H) .
[0231] Following the similar procedure described above examples, the following compounds could be prepared: Example 1.15
[0232] Step 1: To a solution of 1-11 (70 mg, 0.183 mmol) , 5-aminopicolinonitrile (43.6 mg, 0.366 mmol) in EtOAc (2 ml) was added TEA (0.128 ml, 0.916 mmol) and n-propylphosphonic acid anhydride, cyclic trimer (0.539 ml, 0.916 mmol) (50%in EA) . The mixture was stirred at 30 ℃ for 16 hr. The mixture was diluted with NaHCO3 (20 mL) , extracted with EA (20 mL x 3) . The combined organic layers were dried over Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated. The residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (EA in PE (0-50%) ) to yield 8-1. LCMS: MS (ESI) m / z (M -H) + 482.1.
[0233] Step 2: To a solution of 8-1 (19 mg, 0.039 mmol) , hydroxylamine hydrochloride (27.3 mg, 0.393 mmol) in EtOH (2.0 mL) was added TEA (0.055 ml, 0.393 mmol) . The mixture was stirred at 80 ℃ for 16 hr. The mixture was purified by prep-HPLC (Waters 2767 / Qda Column: Atlatis T3 Prep OBD, 19*250 mm, 10um; 0.1%NH3H2O / H2O-ACN; 37-40%, 20 mL / min, 6.4-8.2 min of 16 min) to yield Compound 8. LCMS: MS (ESI) m / z (M + H) + 517.2. 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 10.44 (s, 1H) , 9.81 (s, 1H) , 8.78 (d, J = 2.2 Hz, 1H) , 8.04 (dd, J = 8.7, 2.5 Hz, 1H) , 7.79 (d, J = 8.6 Hz, 1H) , 7.58 (dd, J = 8.4, 4.8 Hz, 1H) , 7.23 (t, J = 9.0 Hz, 1H) , 5.76 (s, 2H) , 5.20 (d, J = 10.3 Hz, 1H) , 4.22 –4.06 (m, 1H) , 3.25 –3.01 (m, 2H) , 2.90 –2.82 (m, 1H) , 2.75 –2.60 (m, 2H) , 1.63 (s, 3H) , 0.70 (d, J = 5.8 Hz, 3H) . Example 1.16
[0234] Step 1: To a solution of 35-1 (1 g, 2.57 mmol) , 35-2 (0.848 g, 3.85 mmol) in toluene (30 mL) , H2O (3 mL) were added Pd (OAc) 2 (0.115 g, 0.514 mmol) , di (adamantan-1-yl) (butyl) phosphane (0.276 g, 0.771 mmol) , Cs2CO3 (2.092 g, 6.42 mmol) under N2. The mixture was stirred at 100 ℃ for 12 hrs. The mixture was quenched with H2O (20 mL) , extracted with EA (20 mL x 3) . The combined organic layers were dried with Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated. The residue was purity by silica gel column chromatography (eluted with PE / EA=1 / 0 to 10 / 1) to yield 35-3. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.42 (s, 1H) , 7.35 –7.28 (m, 9H) , 7.18 (s, 1H) , 7.15 –7.08 (m, 6H) , 4.18 –4.13 (m, 2H) , 2.34 –2.26 (m, 1H) , 1.77 –1.69 (m, 1H) , 1.50 –1.42 (m, 1H) , 1.29 –1.26 (m, 3H) , 1.14 –1.05 (m, 1H) .
[0235] Step 2: To a solution of 35-3 (600 mg, 1.420 mmol) in DCM (6 mL) was added TFA (2.0 mL, 26.0 mmol) under ice-baths. The mixture was stirred at 0-25 ℃ for 1 hr. The mixture was quenched with NaHCO3 (50 mL) , extracted with DCM (50 mL x 3) . The combined organic layers were dried with Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated. The residue was purity by silica gel column chromatography (eluted with PE / EA=1 / 0 to 1 / 1) to yield 35-4. LCMS: MS (ESI) m / z (M + H) + 181.1.
[0236] Step 3: To a solution of 35-4 (179 mg, 0.993 mmol) in toluene (3 mL) were added 2- (tributyl-l5-phosphaneylidene) acetonitrile (360 mg, 1.490 mmol) , 2- ( (tert-butyldimethylsilyl) oxy) ethan-1-ol (350 mg, 1.987 mmol) under N2. The mixture was stirred at 110 ℃ for 12 hrs. The mixture was diluted with H2O (50 mL) , extracted with EA (50 mL x 3) . The combined organic layers were dried and concentrated. The residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (eluted with PE / EA = 1 / 0 to 3 / 1) to yield 35-5. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.37 (s, 1H) , 7.32 (d, J = 3.4 Hz, 1H) , 4.28 –4.16 (m, 4H) , 3.95 (t, J = 5.3 Hz, 2H) , 2.43 –2.36 (m, 1H) , 1.82 –1.73 (m, 1H) , 1.59 –1.52 (m, 1H) , 1.35 (t, J = 7.1 Hz, 3H) , 1.23 –1.13 (m, 1H) , 0.90 (s, 9H) , 0.00 (s, 6H) .
[0237] Step 4: To a solution of 35-5 (300 mg, 0.886 mmol) in MeOH (6 mL) , H2O (3 mL) was added NaOH (354 mg, 8.86 mmol) . The mixture was stirred at 25 ℃ for 3 hrs. The mixture was acidized to pH=3 with 4N HCl, extracted with EA (20 mL x 3) . The combined organic layers were dried and concentrated. The residue was purified by C18 column chromatography (C18, 40 g, 0.01%NH4HCO3-H2O / ACN, p1: 0%; p2: 35%-40%, 30 mL / min) to yield 35-6. LCMS: MS (ESI) m / z (M -H) -308.9.
[0238] Step 5: To a solution of 35-6 (65 mg, 0.209 mmol) in acetone (1 mL) was added TEA (1.614 mL, 11.58 mmol) . Ethyl Carbonochloridate (24.99 mg, 0.230 mmol) was added at 0℃ under N2. The mixture was stirred at 0℃ for 1 hr. Sodium azide (40.8 mg, 0.628 mmol) in H2O (0.2 mL) was added. The mixture was stirred at r.t. for 2 hr. The mixture was diluted with water and extracted with EA (20 mL x 3) . The combined organic layers was washed with brine, dried over Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure to give a residue. The residue was dissolved in Toluene (2 ml) , then the solution was stirred at 115℃ for 2 hrs. KOTMS (81 mg, 0.628 mmol) in THF (0.2 ml) was added. The mixture was stirred at r.t. for 1 hr. The mixture was diluted with water and extracted with EA (20 mL x 3) . The combined organic layers were washed with brine, dried over Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure to give a residue. The residue was purified by C18 column chromatography (40 g, 0.1%NH3. H2O / H2O-ACN, 60-70%) to give 35-7. LCMS: MS (ESI) m / z (M + H) + 282.1.
[0239] Step 6: To a solution of (2R, 3S, 4S, 5R) -4, 5-dimethyl-3- (1, 1, 7-trifluoro-2, 3-dihydro-1H-inden-4-yl) -5- (trifluoromethyl) tetrahydrofuran-2-carboxylic acid (10 mg, 0.026 mmol) and 35-7 (7.36 mg, 0.026 mmol) in ethyl acetate (1.0 mL) were added TEA (0.018 mL, 0.131 mmol) and 2, 4, 6-tributyl-1, 3, 5, 2, 4, 6-trioxatriphosphinane 2, 4, 6-trioxide (94 mg, 0.131 mmol, 50%in EA) . The mixture was stirred at 80℃ for 2 hrs. The mixture was diluted with NaHCO3 (20 mL) , extracted with EA (20 mL x 3) . The combined organic layers were dried over Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated. The residue was purity by silica gel column chromatography (eluted with PE / EA = 3 / 1 to 1 / 1) to yield 35-8. LCMS: MS (ESI) m / z (M + H) + 646.3.
[0240] Step 7: To a solution of 35-8 (10 mg, 0.015 mmol) in THF (0.2 mL) was added TBAF (0.015 mL, 0.015 mmol, 1 mol / L in THF) . The mixture was stirred at 25 ℃ for 2 hrs. The mixture was purity by prep-HPLC (Waters 2767 / Qda, Column: Sunfire C18, 19*250 mm, 10um; Mobile Phase A: 0.1%FA / H2O, B: ACN; flow rate: 20 mL / min; gradient: 53-63%; Retention Time: 9.5-11 min of 16 min) to yield Compound 35. LCMS: MS (ESI) m / z (M + H) + 532.4. 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 8.36 (dd, J = 21.5, 4.4 Hz, 1H) , 7.52 –7.40 (m, 2H) , 7.25 –7.14 (m, 2H) , 4.94 –4.86 (m, 1H) , 4.86 -4.78 (m, 1H) , 4.06 –3.92 (m, 3H) , 3.65 (s, 2H) , 3.20 –2.99 (m, 2H) , 2.81 –2.73 (m, 1H) , 2.70 –2.62 (m, 3H) , 1.86 –1.64 (m, 1H) , 1.55 (s, 3H) , 1.11 –0.81 (m, 2H) , 0.64 (d, J = 6.8 Hz, 3H) . Example 1.17
[0241] Step 1: To the solution of 32-1 (3 g, 16.83 mmol) in DCM (30 mL) was added DMAP (3.08 g, 25.2 mmol) at 0 ℃. Then a solution of 4-methylbenzenesulfonyl chloride (3.53 g, 18.52 mmol) in DCM (30.0 mL) was added dropwisely at 0 ℃. The mixture was stirred at r.t. for 16 hrs. The reaction mixture was washed with 1N HCl (50 mL) , extracted with DCM (30 mL x 3) . The combined organic layers were washed with brine, dried over Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated. The residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (PE / EA=20 / 1) to afford 32-2. 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 7.78 (d, J = 7.9 Hz, 2H) , 7.47 (d, J = 7.8 Hz, 2H) , 7.35-7.20 (m, 5H) , 5.00 –4.86 (m, 0.5H) , 4.57 -4.43 (m, 0.5H) , 4.32 (s, 2H) , 4.24 –4.10 (m, 0.5H) , 3.70 -3.56 (m, 0.5H) , 2.59 –2.52 (m, 1H) , 2.42 (s, 3H) , 2.33-2.26 (m, 2H) , 2.01 –1.90 (m, 1H) .
[0242] Step 2: To the solution of 32-3 (420 mg, 3.00 mmol) in DMF (20 mL) were added 32-2 (2 g, 6.02 mmol) , potassium 2-methylpropan-2-olate (505 mg, 4.50 mmol) and potassium iodide (498 mg, 3.00 mmol) . The reaction was stirred at 100 ℃ for 16 hrs. The mixture was poured into H2O (50 mL) , extracted with EA (80 mL x 3) . The combined organic layers were dried over Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated. The residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (PE / EA=4 / 1 to 10 / 3) to afford 32-4 as two isomers 32-4-P1 and 32-4-P2.
[0243] LCMS: 32-4-P1: MS (ESI) m / z (M + H) + 301.0, RT = 10.490 min; 32-4-P2: MS (ESI) m / z (M + H) + 301.0, RT = 10.557 min. LCMS condition: Method info.: Sunfire C18 150*4.6mm 5um 1.00ml / min Column Temperature 40 ℃ Gradient: 10%B hold for 1.8 min. increase to 95 %B within 10.2 min, hold at 95 %B for 3.0 min, then back to10%B within 0.01min Pump A:0.03%TFA in H2O Pump B: 0.03%TFA in ACN
[0244] HNMR: 32-4-P1: 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 8.78 (d, J = 3.0 Hz, 1H) , 8.16-8.13 (m, 1H) , 7.41 –7.21 (m, 5H) , 6.47 (d, J = 10.0 Hz, 1H) , 4.56 –4.40 (m, 3H) , 3.98-3.95 (m, 1H) , 2.88 –2.78 (m, 2H) , 2.33 –2.20 (m, 2H) .
[0245] Step 3: To a solution of 34-4-P1 (0.13 g, 0.433 mmol) in EtOH (0.4 mL) / Water (0.1 mL) was added iron (0.242 g, 4.33 mmol) and ammonia hydrochloride (0.232 g, 4.33 mmol) . The reaction mixture was stirred at 80 ℃ for 2 hrs. The reaction mixture was filtered and the filter cake was washed with MeOH (5 mL x 3) . The filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography (DCM / MeOH=20 / 1) to get 32-5. LCMS: MS (ESI) m / z (M + H) + 271.2. 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 7.43 –7.24 (m, 5H) , 7.05-7.02 (m, 2H) , 6.23-6.20 (m, 1H) , 4.77-4.69 (m, 1H) , 4.44 (s, 2H) , 4.32 (br. s, 2H) , 3.94-3.88 (m, 1H) , 2.71-2.68 (m, 2H) , 2.10 –1.99 (m, 2H) .
[0246] Step 4: To a solution of (2R, 3S, 4S, 5R) -4, 5-dimethyl-3- (1, 1, 7-trifluoro-2, 3-dihydro-1H-inden-4-yl) -5- (trifluoromethyl) tetrahydrofuran-2-carboxylic acid (35 mg, 0.092 mmol) in EtOAc (1 mL) was added 32-5 (49.5 mg, 0.183 mmol) , TEA (0.064 ml, 0.458 mmol) and 2, 4, 6-tributyl-1, 3, 5, 2, 4, 6-trioxatriphosphinane 2, 4, 6-trioxide (165 mg, 0.458 mmol) . Then the reaction mixture was stirred at 80℃ for 16 hr. The reaction mixture was diluted with Sat. NaHCO3 (2 mL) and extracted with EA (2 mL x 3) . The organic phase was dried over Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography (DCM / MeOH=10 / 1) to afford product 32-6: LCMS: MS (ESI) m / z (M + H) + 635.1.
[0247] Step 5: To a solution of 32-6 (40 mg, 0.063 mmol) in MeOH (10 mL) was added Pd / C (10%) (20.12 mg, 0.189 mmol) . The reaction mixture was stirred at 50 ℃ for 16 h under H2 atmosphere. The reaction was filtered and the filter cake was washed with MeOH (2 mL x 3) . The filtrate was concentrated in vacuo. The residue was purified by Prep-HPLC (Waters 2767 / QDA, Column: XBridge C18 19*250mm, 10 um; Mobile Phase A: 0.03%NH3H2O / H2O, B: ACN; flow rate: 20ml / min; gradient: 43%~53%; Retention Time: 12.0–12.8 min of 16 min) to afford Compound 32. LCMS: MS (ESI) m / z (M + H) + 545.2. 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 9.97 (s, 1H) , 8.25 (d, J = 2.7 Hz, 1H) , 7.57 (dd, J = 8.5, 4.7 Hz, 1H) , 7.45 (dd, J = 9.6, 2.7 Hz, 1H) , 7.23 (t, J = 9.0 Hz, 1H) , 6.34 (d, J = 9.7 Hz, 1H) , 5.29 (d, J = 6.6 Hz, 1H) , 5.13 (d, J = 10.5 Hz, 1H) , 4.60 –4.45 (m, 1H) , 4.09 (dd, J = 10.4, 7.5 Hz, 1H) , 3.98 –3.87 (m, 1H) , 3.23 –3.12 (m, 1H) , 3.11 –3.01 (m, 1H) , 2.89 –2.80 (m, 1H) , 2.73 –2.64 (m, 4H) , 2.00 –1.80 (m, 2H) , 1.62 (s, 3H) , 0.68 (d, J = 6.5 Hz, 3H) .
[0248] Compound 33 could be prepared following the similar procedure as described above, using 32-4-P2 as the intermediate. LCMS: MS (ESI) m / z (M + H) +545.3. 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 9.95 (s, 1H) , 8.22 (d, J = 2.6 Hz, 1H) , 7.56 (dd, J = 8.5, 4.8 Hz, 1H) , 7.45 (dd, J = 9.7, 2.7 Hz, 1H) , 7.23 (t, J = 8.9 Hz, 1H) , 6.34 (d, J = 9.7 Hz, 1H) , 5.28 –5.19 (m, 2H) , 5.12 (d, J = 10.5 Hz, 1H) , 4.36 –4.26 (m, 1H) , 4.08 (dd, J = 10.4, 7.6 Hz, 1H) , 3.22 –3.12 (m, 1H) , 3.10 –3.02 (m, 1H) , 2.87 –2.80 (m, 1H) , 2.71 –2.63 (m, 2H) , 2.37 –2.25 (m, 4H) , 1.61 (s, 3H) , 0.68 (d, J = 5.8 Hz, 3H) . Example 1.17
[0249] Step 1: To a solution of 43-1 (1 g, 6.49 mmol) in MeOH (10 mL) was added 43-2 (HCl salt, 0.982 g, 7.14 mmol) and TEA (1.809 mL, 12.98 mmol) . Then the mixture was stirred at 70 ℃ for 16 hrs. The mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure to give a residue which was purified by silica gel column chromatography (PE / EA= 1: 2) to give 43-3. LCMS: MS (ESI) m / z (M + H) +238.0
[0250] Step 2: To a solution of 43-3 (630 mg, 2.66 mmol) in THF (9.00 mL) , MeOH (3.00 mL) and water (3.00 mL) was added LiOH (191 mg, 7.97 mmol) . Then the mixture was stirred at r.t for 2 hrs. The mixture was diluted with water (40 mL) . pH value of the mixture was adjusted to 2 using 1N hydrochloric acid (aq. ) . The mixture was extracted with DCM / MeOH (8 / 1, 20 mL x 5) . The combined organic layers was dried over Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure to give 43-4. The crude product was used in next step without further purification. LCMS: MS (ESI) m / z (M + H) +224.0
[0251] Step 3: To a mixture of 43-4 (500 mg, 2.240 mmol) in t-BuOH (8 mL) and toluene (3 mL) was added TEA (0.937 mL, 6.72 mmol) and DPPA (1089 mg, 4.48 mmol) . Then the mixture was stirred at 90 ℃ for 16 hrs. The mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure to give a residue which was purified by silica gel column chromatography (DCM / MeOH= 10: 1) to give 43-5. LCMS: MS (ESI) m / z (M + H) +295.1
[0252] Step 4: A mixture of 43-5 (150 mg, 0.510 mmol) in HCl (4 M in dioxane, 3 mL, 12.00 mmol) was stirred at r.t for 5 hrs. The mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure to give 43-6 as a crude product, which was used in next step without further purification. LCMS: MS (ESI) m / z (M + H) +195.0.
[0253] Step 5: To a solution of (2R, 3S, 4S, 5R) -4, 5-dimethyl-3- (1, 1, 7-trifluoro-2, 3-dihydro-1H-inden-4-yl) -5- (trifluoromethyl) tetrahydrofuran-2-carboxylic aci (30 mg, 0.078 mmol) and 43-6 (30.5 mg, 0.157 mmol) in EA (1.5 mL) was added TEA (0.109 mL, 0.785 mmol) and T4P (170 mg, 0.235 mmol) (50%In EA) . Then the mixture was stirred at r.t for 1 hr. The mixture was diluted with Sat. NaHCO3 (50 mL) and extracted with EA (15 mL x 3) . The combined organic layers were washed with brine (50 mL) , dried over Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure to give a residue. The residue was purified by C18 column chromatography (ACN / NH3H2O in H2O 0-70%) to give compound 43. LCMS: MS (ESI) m / z (M + H) +559.1. 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 9.96 (s, 1H) , 8.21 (d, J = 2.7 Hz, 1H) , 7.57 (dd, J = 8.4, 4.7 Hz, 1H) , 7.48 (dd, J = 9.7, 2.8 Hz, 1H) , 7.23 (t, J = 9.0 Hz, 1H) , 6.35 (d, J = 9.7 Hz, 1H) , 5.13 (d, J =10.5 Hz, 1H) , 4.71 –4.60 (m, 1H) , 4.09 (dd, J = 10.3, 7.7 Hz, 1H) , 3.73 (p, J = 7.1 Hz, 1H) , 3.22 –3.12 (m, 4H) , 3.11 –3.00 (m, 1H) , 2.88 –2.79 (m, 1H) , 2.76 –2.60 (m, 4H) , 1.99 –1.87 (m, 2H) , 1.62 (s, 3H) , 0.68 (d, J = 6.3 Hz, 3H) .
[0254] Following the similar procedure as described above, compound 44 could be prepared. LCMS: MS (ESI) m / z (M + H) +559.2. 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 9.94 (s, 1H) , 8.19 (d, J = 2.7 Hz, 1H) , 7.56 (dd, J = 8.4, 4.7 Hz, 1H) , 7.45 (dd, J = 9.7, 2.8 Hz, 1H) , 7.23 (t, J =9.0 Hz, 1H) , 6.34 (d, J = 9.7 Hz, 1H) , 5.19 –5.06 (m, 2H) , 4.08 (dd, J = 10.4, 7.6 Hz, 1H) , 4.02 –3.95 (m, 1H) , 3.18 (s, 3H) , 3.17 –3.00 (m, 2H) , 2.89 –2.79 (m, 1H) , 2.72 –2.61 (m, 2H) , 2.43 –2.31 (m, 4H) , 1.61 (s, 3H) , 0.68 (d, J = 5.8 Hz, 3H) . Example 1.18
[0255] Step 1: To a solution of (2R, 3S, 4S, 5R) -4, 5-dimethyl-3- (1, 1, 7-trifluoro-2, 3-dihydro-1H-inden-4-yl) -5- (trifluoromethyl) tetrahydrofuran-2-carboxylic acid (100 mg, 0.262 mmol) and 47-1 (73.3 mg, 0.523 mmol) in EA (3 mL) was added TEA (132 mg, 1.308 mmol) and T4P (565 mg, 0.785 mmol) (50%in EA) . Then the mixture was stirred at r.t for 16 hrs. The mixture was diluted with Sat. NaHCO3 (50 mL) and extracted with EA (20 mL x 3) . The combined organic layers were washed with brine (100 mL) , dried over Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure to give a residue. The residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (PE / EA= 1: 1) to give 47-2. LCMS: MS (ESI) m / z (M + H) + 505.2.
[0256] Step 2: To a solution of 47-2 (106 mg, 0.210 mmol) in MeOH (10 mL) were added (NH4) 2CO3 (70.7 mg, 0.735 mmol) and (Diacetoxyiodo) benzene (203 mg, 0.630 mmol) . Then the mixture was stirred at 70 ℃ for 16 hr. The mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure to give a residue which was purified by silica gel column chromatography (DCM / MeOH= 10: 1) to give 47-3. LCMS: MS (ESI) m / z (M + H) + 536.1.
[0257] Step 3: To a solution of 47-3 (90 mg, 0.168 mmol) in THF (5 mL) was added potassium tert-butoxide (0.40 mL, 0.40 mmol) and (Boc) 2O (110 mg, 0.504 mmol) in THF (1 mL) at 0 ℃. Then the mixture was stirred at r.t for 2 hr. The mixture was diluted with water (50 mL) and extracted with EA (15 mL x 3) . The combined organic layers were washed with brine (50 mL) , dried over Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure to give a residue. The residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (PE / EA= 1: 3) to give 47-4. LCMS: MS (ESI) m / z (M-Boc+H) + 536.1.
[0258] Step 4: To a solution of 47-4 (60.0 mg, 0.094 mmol) and urea hydrogen peroxide (88.0 mg, 0.94 mmol) in DCM (4 mL) was added TFAA (197 mg, 0.94 mmol) in DCM (1 mL) . Then the mixture was stirred at r.t for 1 hr. The mixture was diluted with Sat. NaHCO3 (50 mL) and extracted with DCM (20 mL x 3) . The combined organic layers were washed with brine (50 mL) , dried over Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure to give a residue. The residue was purified by prep-TLC (DCM / MeOH=12: 1) to give 47-5. LCMS: MS (ESI) m / z (M +H) + 652.0.
[0259] Step 5: To a solution of 47-5 (15 mg, 0.023 mmol) in DCM (1.1 mL) was added TFA (0.1 mL) . Then the mixture was stirred at r.t for 15 min. The mixture was quenched with Sat. NaHCO3 (30 mL) and extracted with DCM (10 mL x 3) . The combined organic layers were washed with brine (50 mL) , dried over Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure to give a residue. The residue was purified by prep-TLC (DCM / MeOH= 10: 1) to obtain the crude. The crude was treated with C18 column chromatography (ACN / NH3H2O in H2O 0-60%) to give compound 47. LCMS: MS (ESI) m / z (M + H) + 552.1. 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 10.77 (d, J = 7.8 Hz, 1H) , 8.42 (t, J = 2.7 Hz, 1H) , 8.29 (d, J = 7.1 Hz, 1H) , 7.91 –7.83 (m, 1H) , 7.62 –7.55 (m, 1H) , 7.23 (t, J = 9.0 Hz, 1H) , 5.19 (d, J = 10.0 Hz, 1H) , 4.70 (s, 1H) , 4.17 –4.09 (m, 1H) , 3.36 (s, 3H) , 3.22 –3.01 (m, 2H) , 2.89 –2.80 (m, 1H) , 2.72 –2.62 (m, 2H) , 1.63 (s, 3H) , 0.70 (d, J = 6.1 Hz, 3H) .
[0260] Example 2: The inhibition activity of the compound of the present disclosure on sodium ion channel 1.8 (NaV1.8)
[0261] 1. Test method: patch clamp technique was used to detect the influence of compounds on voltage-gated sodium channel 1.8 (NaV1.8) subtype current
[0262] 2. Preparation and analysis of dosing formulations
[0263] 2.1. Preparation method of dosing formulation storage solution Control: an appropriate volume of DMSO was weighted as a storage solution. Test compound: an appropriate mass of the compound (actual amount = theoretical concentration × volume × molecular weight / purity) was weighed, the required DMSO volume according to the formula was calculated, and then the final required DMSO mass was obtained. Then the powder was dissolved with weighed DMSO. The actual storage solution concentration was calculated according to the final DMSO usage. Generally, the actual storage solution concentration was slightly different from the theoretical concentration.
[0264] 2.2. Preparation method and concentration of the working solution for dosing formulations
[0265] Before the NaV channel current test, the control and test compound storage solutions were diluted into 10 mL of extracellular fluid as a working solution and were sonicated for 20 minutes.
[0266] 3. Experimental system
[0267] 3.1. Cell culture
[0268] (1) The specific information of the CHO cell line stably expressing the NaV1.8 channel was follows: SCN10A: NM_006514.
[0269] (2) Cells were cultured in HAM’S / F-12 medium containing 10%fetal bovine serum and 10 μg / mL Blasticidin, 200 μg / mL Hygromycin B and 100 μg / mL Zeocin in culture dish. Cells grew in a humidified incubator at 37 ℃ with 5%carbon dioxide.
[0270] (3) Cell passage: the old medium was removed and the cells were washed with PBS once, then 1 mL of 0.25%-Trypsin-EDTA solution was added thereto, then incubated at 37 ℃ for 1.5 minutes. The cells were detached from the bottom of the dish, 5 mL of complete medium pre-warmed at 37 ℃ was added. The cell suspension was gently blown with a pipette to separate the aggregated cells. The cell suspension was transferred to a sterile centrifuge tube and centrifuged at 1000 rpm for 5 minutes to collect cells. The culture was amplified or maintained, the cells were inoculated in a 6 cm cell culture dish, and the amount of cells inoculated in each cell culture dish was 2.5 × 105 cells (final medium volume: 5 mL) .
[0271] (4) In order to maintain the electrophysiological activity of cells, the cell density must not exceed 80%.
[0272] (5) Patch clamp detection, before the experiment, the cells were separated with 0.25%-trypsin-EDTA, inoculated into a 24 well plate with a density of 6.5 × 103 cells per well (final volume: 500 μL) , tetracycline was added thereto. The cells were tested after 18 hours.
[0273] 3.2. Electrophysiological solution
[0274] (1) Extracellular fluid: 140 mM NaCl, 3.5 mM KCl, 1 mM MgCl2·6H2O, 2 mM CaCl2·2H2O, 10 mM D-Glucose, 10 mM HEPES, 1.25 mM NaH2PO4·2H2O, pH=7.4 with NaOH.
[0275] (2) Intracellular fluid: 50 mM CsCl, 10 mM NaCl, 10 mM HEPES, 60 mM CsF, 20 mM EGTA, pH=7.2 with CsOH.
[0276] 4. Test method
[0277] 4.1. Instrument
[0278] The instruments usedare shown in Table 6 below. TABLE 3 Instrument supplier and model
[0279] 4.2. Patch clamp detection
[0280] NaV1.8 channel currents were recorded using the whole-cell patch clamp technique at a holding potential of -120 mV and voltage was stepped from -110 mV to -20 mV in 10 mV increments for 0.3 s, and then a 0-mV depolarization pulse was applied to measure the peak amplitude of the inward current to obtain a half-inactivation voltage (Vhalf) .
[0281] The resting state and half-inactivated state of sodium current were tested with double-pulse protocol. Firstly, the first test pulse (TP1) was repolarized to 0 mV for 50 ms to measure the resting state sodium current. Then, the condition voltage was adjusted to Vhalf for 5 s between the two depolarization pulses and then the voltage returned to -120 mV for 20 ms to recovery the channels in the inactivated state without binding to the compound. The second test pulse (TP2) was repolarized to 0 mV for 50 ms to measure the half-inactivated state sodium current. Finally, the voltage was back to the holding potential of -120 mV. The protocol was be repeated at an interval of 20 s to observe the effect of the drug on the peak amplitude of sodium current in two different states.
[0282] The data were collected by EPC 10 amplifier (HEKA) and stored in PatchMaster (HEKA) software.
[0283] Patch clamp was operated by pulling the glass pipette (BF150-86-10, Sutter Instrument) firstly using a micropipette puller (P97, Sutter Instrument) . Then the micropipette filled with intracellular solution was loaded into the pipette holder and was manipulated using a micromanipulator (Carm-C-S, MCI Instruments) under an inverted microscope (M53, Mshot) . Descend the pipette into the recording solution and note down the resistance (Rpip) . After touching the cell, a slight suction was applied to achieve high resistance seal (in the GΩ range) . Fast capacitance compensation was performed, and negative pressure was continued to break the membrane into whole-cell mode. Then slow capacitance was compensated, and experimental parameters were recorded. No leak subtraction was made.
[0284] Cells were incubated with the test article for about 5 minutes, or until the NaV1.8 current reached a steady-state level. Multiple concentrations of the test article were tested. A coverslip lined with cells was placed in a recording chamber under an inverted microscope. The control and test solutions flew sequentially through the chamber from low to high concentration via a gravity-fed solution delivery system. During the experiment, the solutions were withdrawn from the chamber by a peristaltic pump. The current of each cell detected in the extracellular solution without compound was used as its own blank control. The assay was repeated twice independently per concentration. All tests were performed at room temperature.
[0285] 4.3. Data analysis
[0286] Within each recording, the current values response to the test compound were normalized to blank control and the inhibition rates were calculated, that was, Inhibition%= (1-Icompound / Icontrol) × 100%. Mean, standard error (SE) and standard deviation (SD) were calculated for each test group, and data were presented as mean ± SE.
[0287] IC50 value was calculated, and dose-response curve was fitted using non-linear regression equation Y=1 / (1+10^ ( (LogIC50-X) × HillSlope) ) , where IC50 is the half maximal inhibitory concentration. IC50 calculation and curve-fitting were performed using GraphPad Prism software.
[0288] In this embodiment, the IC50 or the inhibition rate of the compounds to NaV1.8 at 1nM or 10 nM were shown in Table 4. TABLE 4: The blocking rate of compounds against NaV1.8
[0289] It can be seen that compounds of the present disclosure have a significant inhibition effect against NaV1.8 channel activity.
[0290] Example 3: Pharmacokinetic test results of the compound of the present disclosure
[0291] In this experiment embodiment, the in vivo pharmacokinetics of mouse / rat were evaluated by a single intravenous injection or oral administration by gavage.
[0292] Experimental methods and conditions: Male CD-1 mouse mouse, all the animals will have free access for food and water, and the test compound was given by intravenous injection and / or oral gavage, respectively. 0.083 h, 0.25 h, 0.5 h, 1 h, 2 h, 4 h, 8 h and 24 h after iv injection, or 0.25 h, 0.5 h, 1 h, 2 h, 4 h, 6h, 8 h and 24 h after oral administration, the blood was taken via submandibular vein or other suitable vein, 0.03 mL / time point. Samples were placed in tubes containing K2-EDTA and stored on ice until centrifuged. The blood samples were centrifuged at 6800 g for 6 minutes at 2-8℃ within 1h after collected to separate the plasma for testing. The blood drug concentration in plasma was detected by liquid-phase tandem mass spectrometry (LC / MS / MS) , and the pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated by the measured concentration. The results were shown in Table 5. Table 5: CD-1 Mouse in vivo PK
[0293] It can be seen that compounds of the present disclosure have good PK properties.
[0294] Example 4: Evaluations of solubility in PBS / FassiF / FessiF
[0295] Medium:
[0296] The preparation of 50 mM Phosphate Buffer (PB) with the pH 7.4: a. The preparation of 50 mM Na2HPO4: Dissolved 3.549 g of Na2HPO4 with 500 mL of water, and the pH measured was about 9.4. b. The preparation of 50 mM NaH2PO4: Dissolved 3.000 g of NaH2PO4 with 500 mL of water, and the pH measured was about 4.5. c. The preparation of 50 mM PB (pH 7.4) : 15 mL of 50 mM Na2HPO4 was added into a 50 mL tube, and then adjusted pH to 7.4 ± 0.05 with 50 mM NaH2PO4.
[0297] The preparation of Fasted State Simulated Intestinal Fluid (FaSSIF) : 0.056% (w / v) lecithin, 0.161% (w / v) sodium taurocholate, 0.39% (w / v) monobasic potassium phosphate, 0.77%(w / v) potassium chloride, deionized water, pH 6.5 ± 0.05.
[0298] The preparation of Fed State Simulated Intestinal Fluid (FeSSIF) : 0.282% (w / v) lecithin, 0.806% (w / v) sodium taurocholate, 0.865% (w / v) acetic acid, 1.52% (w / v) potassium chloride, deionized water, pH 5.0 ± 0.05.
[0299] Procedure:
[0300] Step 1: 0 μL of DMSO stock solution of test and control compounds was added into each well of a 96-well plate, respectively. Step 2: Added 490 μL of medium into the well of the 96-well plate, respectively. Step 3: Vortexed the solubility samples for at least 2 minutes. Step 4: Shook the 96-well plate on a shaker at room temperature at the speed of 800 rpm for 24 hours. Step 5: Centrifuged at 25℃ for 10 minutes (eg. 4000 rpm) . Step 6: Transferred the supernatant into a filter plate, and then collected the filtrates into a new 96-well plate by centrifuging for at least 5 minutes. Step 7: The concentrations of the filtrates were quantified by LC-UV system.
[0301] In this embodiment, the compound solubility data was shown in Table 6. TABLE 6: Compound solubility
[0302] Compound A is a reference molecule from WO2021113726A1 (example 7)
[0303]
[0304] It can be seen that compounds of the present disclosure have improved PBS solubility.
[0305] It is understood that the examples and embodiments described herein are for illustrative purposes only and that various modifications or changes in light thereof will be suggested to persons skilled in the art and are to be included within the spirit and purview of this application and scope of the appended claims. All publications, patents, and patent applications cited herein are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety for all purposes.
Claims
1.A compound of Formula (Ib) , or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, or stereoisomer thereof: wherein: X is -O-, -S-or -N (Ra1) -;wherein: Ring D is cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, aryl or heteroaryl;q is any integer of 0-4,Ring B is cycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl or heterocyclyl;L1 is a bond, -O-, -S-, -C (=O) -, -S (=O) -, -S (=O) 2-, -C (Rb1) 2-, -N (Ra2) -, -C (=O) N (Ra2) -, -N (Ra2) C (=O) -, -N (Ra2) C (=O) N (Ra2) -, -S (=O) N (Ra2) -, -N (Ra2) S (=O) -, -S (=O) 2N (Ra2) -, -N (Ra2) S (=O) 2-, -C (=O) O-, -OC (=O) -, -OC (=O) O-, -OC (=O) N (Ra2) -, -N (Ra2) C (=O) O-, -N (Ra2) C (=NCN) -, -C (=NCN) N (Ra2) -, -O-alkyl-, -alkyl-O-, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, or heteroaryl;L2 is -C (=O) N (Ra3) -, -N (Ra3) C (=O) -, -C (=S) N (Ra3) -, -N (Ra3) C (=S) -, -S (=O) N (Ra3) -, -S (=O) 2N (Ra3) -, -cycloalkyl-N (Ra3) -, -C (=O) N (Ra3) -cycloalkyl-, -C (=O) N (Ra3) -heterocyclyl-, -C (Rb2) 2-N (Ra3) -, heterocyclyl or heteroaryl, wherein the cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl or heteroaryl are optionally substituted with one or more R;each of R1 and R2 is independently halogen, -SF5, alkyl, alkynyl, or haloalkyl;each of R3 and R4 is independently hydrogen, -SF5, halogen, cyano, alkyl, alkynyl, or -N (Ra4) 2; or R1 and R2 together with the atom which they are attached form a cycloalkyl, or heterocyclyl, each optionally substituted with one or more R;or R3 and R4 together with the atom which they are attached form a cycloalkyl, or heterocyclyl, each optionally substituted with one or more R;or R1 and R3 together with the adjacent atoms which they are attached form a cycloalkyl, or heterocyclyl, each optionally substituted with one or more R;or R2 and R3 together with the adjacent atoms which they are attached form a cycloalkyl, or heterocyclyl, each optionally substituted with one or more R;R5 is hydrogen, -SF5, halogen or alkyl;each of R6a3, R6a4 and R6a5 is independently hydrogen or R6;each R6 is independently halogen, -SF5, alkyl, haloalkoxyl, alkoxyl, cycloalkyl-O-or halocycloalkyl-O-;or two R6 together with the intervening atom (s) form a cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, aryl or heteroaryl, each optionally substituted with one or more R8;each R7 is independently halogen, amino, oxo, -C (=O) OH, -C (=O) -NH2, -C (=O) -NH-alkyl, -C (=O) -NH-cycloalkyl, -C (=NRa5) -NRa6Ra7, -NHC (=NH) -NH2, -NHC (=O) -NH2, -NHC (=O) -NH2 -C (=O) NHC (=NH) -NH2, -cycloalkyl-NH2, -CH (haloalkyl) -NH2, -cycloalkyl-C (=NRa5) -NRa6Ra7, -heterocyclyl-C (=NRa5) -NRa6Ra7, -S (=O) 2Ra9, -S (=O) 2NRa6Ra7, S (=O) (=NH) Ra10, -N=S (=O) (Ra6Ra7) , -S (=O) (Ra9) (=NRa5) , -BRa6Ra7, -ORa6, -SF5, haloalkyl, alkyl, alkoxyl, cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, or heteroaryl, wherein the cycloalkyl moiety of -C (=O) -NH-cycloalkyl and -cycloalkyl-NH2 are optionally substituted with one or more groups independently selected from halogen, hydroxyl, amino, cyano or alkyl; the NH, haloalkyl, alkyl, alkoxyl, cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, and heteroaryl are optionally substituted with one or more R; each R8 is independently selected from halogen, -SF5, hydroxyl, cyano, alkyl, alkoxy, or haloalkyl; or two R8 together with the intervening atom (s) form a cycloalkyl or heterocyclyl, each optionally substituted with one or more groups independently selected from halogen, hydroxyl, -SF5, cyano, alkyl, alkoxy, or haloalkyl;each of Ra1, Ra2, Ra3, Ra4, Ra8, Rb1 and Rb2 is independently hydrogen, -SF5, alkyl, cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl or haloalkyl;each of Ra5, Ra6 , Ra7 and Ra10 is independently hydrogen, hydroxyl, -SF5, cyano, alkyl, cycloalkyl, alkoxy, -ORa6, cycloalkoxy, -cycloalkoxy-alkyl, -alkyl-cycloalkyl, -cycloalkyl-alkyl, -alkoxy-cycloalkyl, -C (=O) Ra8 -C (=O) ORa9, cycloalkyl, or heterocyclyl, wherein the alkyl, cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, alkoxy, cycloalkoxy, -cycloalkoxy-alkyl, -alkyl-cycloalkyl, -cycloalkyl-alkyl, and -alkoxy-cycloalkyl are optionally substituted with one or more groups independently selected from halogen, hydroxyl, amino or cyano;R is independently is independently oxo, halogen, -SF5, -CN, -OH, -OC1-C6alkyl, -S (=O) C1-C6alkyl, -S (=O) 2C1-C6alkyl, -S (=O) 2NH2, -S (=O) 2NHC1-C6alkyl, -S (=O) 2N (C1-C6alkyl) 2, -NH2, -NHC1-C6alkyl, -N (C1-C6alkyl) 2, -NHC (=O) OC1-C6alkyl, -C (=O) C1-C6alkyl, -C (=O) OH, -C (=O) OC1-C6alkyl, -C (=O) NH2, -C (=O) N (C1-C6alkyl) 2, -C (=O) NHC1-C6alkyl, C1-C6alkyl, C1-C6haloalkyl, C1-C6hydroxyalkyl, C1-C6aminoalkyl, C1-C6heteroalkyl, cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, or heteroaryl, wherein the alkyl, haloalkyl, hydroxyalkyl, aminoalkyl, heteroalkyl, cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, and heteroaryl are optionally substituted with one or more groups independently selected from halogen, hydroxyl, amino, cyano, alkyl, haloalkyl, hydroxyalkyl, aminoalkyl, heteroalkyl, cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, or heteroaryl ; ortwo R on the same atom are taken together to form an oxo;Ra9 is alkyl, cycloalkyl or haloalkyl;n is any integer of 0-5;m is any integer of 0-5;q is any integer of 0-4;provided that the compound is not2.The compound of claim 1, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, or stereoisomer thereof, wherein Ring D is C3-10 cycloalkyl or 3-to 10-membered heterocyclyl.3.The compound of claim 1 or 2, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, or stereoisomer thereof, is 4.The compound of any one of claims 1-3, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, or stereoisomer thereof, each R8 is independently -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, or -CH3.5.The compound of any one of claims 1-4, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, or stereoisomer thereof, wherein is 6.The compound of any one of claims 1-5, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, or stereoisomer thereof, Ring B is C6-12 aryl, 5-to 10-membered heteroaryl, or 5-to 10-membered heterocyclyl.7.The compound of any one of claims 1-5, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, or stereoisomer thereof, is each of R71, R72, R73, R74, R75, R76, R77, R78, R79, R710, R711, R712, R713, R714, R715, R716, R717, R718, R719 and R720 is independently hydrogen or R7.8.The compound of any one of claims 1-7, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, or stereoisomer thereof, R7 is independently halogen, -C (=O) OH, -C (=O) -NH2, -C (=O) -NH-alkyl, -C (=O) -NH-cycloalkyl, -C (=NRa5) -NRa6Ra7, -NHC (=NH) -NH2, -NHC (=O) -NH2, -NHC (=O) -NH2 -C (=O) NHC (=NH) -NH2, -cycloalkyl-NH2, -CH (haloalkyl) -NH2, -cycloalkyl-C (=NRa5) -NRa6Ra7, -heterocyclyl-C (=NRa5) -NRa6Ra7, -S (=O) 2Ra9, -S (=O) 2NRa6Ra7, S (=O) (=NH) Ra10, -N=S (=O) (Ra6Ra7) , -S (=O) (Ra9) (=NRa5) , -BRa6Ra7, -ORa6, -SF5, haloalkyl, alkyl, cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, or heteroaryl, wherein the cycloalkyl moiety of -C (=O) -NH-cycloalkyl and -cycloalkyl-NH2 are optionally substituted with one or more groups independently selected from halogen, hydroxyl, amino, cyano or alkyl; the NH, haloalkyl, alkyl, alkoxyl, cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, and heteroaryl are optionally substituted with one or more R.9.The compound of any one of claims 1-8, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, or stereoisomer thereof, R7 is independently F, Cl, Br, I, OH, CH3, CH (CH3) 2, C (CH3) 3, CH2CH3, OCH3, OCHF2, OCF3, OCH2CH2OH, CHF2, CF3, CH2F, COOH, C (=O) NH2, C (=O) NHCH3, -C (=NH) NHOH, -C (=NH) N (CH3) OH, -C (=NH) N (CH2CH3) OH, -C (=NH) NHOCH2CH3OH, -C (=NH) NHOCH3, -C (=NOH) NH2, -C (=NOCH2CH2OH) NH2, -C (=NOH) NH2, -C (=NOCH2CH2OH) NH2, -CH (OH) CH2OH, -C (CH3) 2OH, -CH2CH2OH, -C (CH3) 2OH, 10. The compound of any one of claims 1-9, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, or stereoisomer thereof, is 11.The compound of any one of claims 1-9, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, or stereoisomer thereof, is 12.The compound of any one of claims 1-9, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, or stereoisomer thereof, is 13.The compound of any one of claims 1-9, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, or stereoisomer thereof, is 14.The compound of any one of claims 1-9, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, or stereoisomer thereof, is 15.The compound of any one of claims 1-14, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, or stereoisomer thereof, X is -O-.16.The compound of any one of claims1-15, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, or stereoisomer thereof, one of R1 and R2 is -CF3, and the other is -CH3.17.The compound of any one of claims1-16, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, or stereoisomer thereof, one of R3 and R4 is hydrogen, and the other is -CH3.18.The compound of any one of claims1-17, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, or stereoisomer thereof, R5 is hydrogen.19.The compound of any one of claims1-18, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, or stereoisomer thereof, is 20.The compound of any one of claims1-19, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, or stereoisomer thereof, L1 is a bond.21.The compound of any one of claims1-20, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, or stereoisomer thereof, L2 is -C (=O) NH-*, wherein *end of L2 indicates the attaching point to Ring B.22.The compound of claim 1, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, or stereoisomer thereof, selected from a compound in table 1, or table 2A-2F.23.A pharmaceutical composition comprising a compound of any one of claims 1-22, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, or stereoisomer thereof, and a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient.24.A method of inhibiting a voltage-gated sodium channel in a subject, the method comprising administering to the subject the compound of any one of claims 1-22, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, or stereoisomer thereof, or the pharmaceutical composition of claim 23.25.The method of claim 24, wherein the voltage-gated sodium channel is NaV1.8.26.A method of treating a disease or disorder in a subject in need thereof, the method comprising administering to the subject the compound of any one of claims 1-22, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, or stereoisomer thereof, or the pharmaceutical composition of claim 23.27.The method of claim 26, wherein the disease or disorder is chronic pain, gut pain, neuropathic pain, musculoskeletal pain, acute pain, inflammatory pain, cancer pain, idiopathic pain, postsurgical pain, visceral pain, multiple sclerosis, Charcot-Marie-Tooth syndrome, incontinence, pathological cough, or cardiac arrhythmia, optionally the disease or disorder is neuropathic pain selected from post-herpetic neuralgia, small fiber neuropathy or idiopathic small-fiber neuropathy or diabetic neuropathy, optionally the disease or disorder is musculoskeletal pain such as osteoarthritis pain, optionally the disease or disorder is acute pain such as acute post-operative pain, optionally the disease or disorder is postsurgical pain selected from bunionectomy pain, herniorrhaphy pain or abdominoplasty pain.