Spectacle lens, spectacles, and method for manufacturing spectacle lens

Abstract

The present invention provides a spectacle lens and a technique related thereto in which, in formula 1, where d is a distance (unit: mm) between the spectacle lens and a pupil, s is an imaginary object distance (unit: D=1 / m) assumed when a line of sight passes through a base region in a functional region, and c is a curvature (unit: 1 / m) of the base region in the functional region, there exists at least one d satisfying the formula 1 within a range of 13.05 mm to 16.30 mm. (1): 0.86<{1√(d2+102) / (1000 / s)}×[d+10×{10 / (1000 / c)}] / √(d2+102)<1.14

Description

Eyeglass lenses, eyeglasses, method for manufacturing eyeglass lenses

[0001] This invention relates to eyeglass lenses, eyeglasses, and a method for manufacturing eyeglass lenses.

[0002] Some eyeglass lenses have island-like regions formed on the lens surface that have a refractive power positive to that of the prescribed refractive power, in order to suppress the progression of refractive errors such as myopia (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

[0003] With eyeglass lenses of this configuration, of the light beam that enters from the object-side surface and exits from the eye-side surface, the light beam that passes outside the region with positive refractive power focuses on the wearer's retina, while the light beam that passes through the region with positive refractive power focuses in front of the retina, thereby suppressing the progression of myopia.

[0004] The following is described in paragraphs

[0043] -

[0046] and Figure 7 of Patent Document 2. Specifically, in peripheral vision, due to the difference in resolution with the central field of vision 20C, light is perceived as being blurred overall. In peripheral vision, due to the low resolution, the light transmitted through each segment 6 is perceived as a blurred image. However, if the light energy increases due to the overlap of these blurred images, it becomes possible to make it appear as if a focal point exists at the location of the overlap, that is, to make it appear as if a false focal point exists. Patent Document 2 describes the use of this false focal point to suppress myopia progression. The use of false focal point is also described in Patent Document 3.

[0005]

[0013] of Patent Document 4 describes that when a light beam is obliquely incident (i.e., when the wearer is using peripheral vision rather than forward vision), the distance the light beam travels increases, and its contribution to wavefront propagation increases. In other words, it describes that oblique incidence of a light beam, such as when the wearer is using peripheral vision, affects the change in spot intensity at the focal point on the base plane.

[0006] Paragraph

[0008] of Patent Document 5 describes that, due to vergence when viewing near objects, the spherical wave created by the convex region appears elongated as a result of the discrepancy between the diameter of the light beam on the lens and the diameter of the light beam on the pupil, and the degree of the convex region changes. Hereafter, the content described in Paragraph

[0008] of Patent Document 5 will be simply referred to as "vergence" in this specification.

[0007] Claim 1 of Patent Document 6 contains the following: "A method for determining an ophthalmic lens for a wearer, suitable for correcting the wearer's vision, comprising the following steps: a) acquiring wear data including prescription data relating to the wearer's eye; b) defining an initial spectacle lens having a front and back surface such that the initial ophthalmic lens conforms to prescription data for a given central visual direction; c) determining a virtual lens by an optimization process comprising the following substeps: c1) defining a target lens; c2) defining one defined surface of the virtual lens, either the front or back surface, as identical to the corresponding surface of the initial ophthalmic lens, either the front or back surface; modifying the other surface of the virtual lens to match the target optical properties of the target lens; and verifying whether the peripheral focus blur value of the virtual lens meets a predetermined standard; c3) repeating c1), c2), and c3) in succession if the predetermined standard is not met; d) determining the ophthalmic lens as the virtual lens at the end of step c)." Furthermore, claim 3 of Patent Document 6 states that step c1) includes adjusting the base curve of the target lens.

[0008] Non-patent document 1 describes that a myopia progression suppression effect has been confirmed in eyeglass lenses in which lenslets with a positive power greater than the prescribed power are arranged, and in eyeglass lenses in which lenslets with a negative power greater than the prescribed power are arranged.

[0009] U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2017 / 0131567, Brochure No. WO2021 / 186873, Brochure No. WO2023 / 171061, Brochure No. WO2022 / 059333, Brochure No. WO2024 / 214827, Brochure No. WO2023 / 110909

[0010] https: / / www.aaojournal.org / article / S0161-6420(24)00413-5 / abstract (Novel Lenslet-ARray-Integrated Spectacle Lenses for Myopia Control, Binbin Su, etc.) (Articles in Press July 05, 2024)

[0011] In the literature on myopia progression suppression that has been publicly known to date, including Patent Document 1, there has been much research into how far in front of the retina the light beam should be focused (in other words, the defocus power [unit: D (diopter) = 1 / m (meter)] relative to the refractive power provided by the base region). It has been thought that the defocus power is determined by the curvature of the minute protrusions as described in Patent Document 1.

[0012] On the other hand, Non-Patent Document 1 confirmed that even spectacle lenses with lenslets having a negative power than the prescription power also have a myopia progression suppression effect. Spectacle lenses with minute convex parts replaced with minute concave parts, as described in Patent Document 1, fall under this example.

[0013] The inventors have verified this point. Note that the arrangement and specific dimensions of the minute protrusions in the spectacle lens discussed in Figure 1 are the same as those described in Patent Document 1. Figure 2 uses a spectacle lens in which the curvature of the minute protrusions remains the same as in Figure 1, but the concavity and concavity are reversed.

[0014] The following figures show the MTF (Modulation Transfer Function) characteristics at spatial frequencies of 3 cycles per degree and 9 cycles per degree. These correspond to the spatial frequencies of Landolt rings with visual acuity (VA) 0.1 and VA 0.3, respectively, and are therefore simply referred to as the contrast at visual acuity (VA) 0.1 and VA 0.3.

[0015] Figure 1 is a graph with the horizontal axis representing defocus power and the vertical axis representing the MTF value (contrast) for visual acuity (VA) 0.1 and visual acuity (VA) 0.3 when the defocus power is set to +5D. Figure 2 is a graph with the horizontal axis representing defocus power and the vertical axis representing the MTF value (contrast) for visual acuity (VA) 0.1 and visual acuity (VA) 0.3 when the defocus power is set to -5D.

[0016] In Figure 1, a positive defocus power is set, so the plot shows a large peak when the horizontal axis is a positive value. The presence of this peak indicates that a myopia progression suppression effect is achieved. Note that the plot also shows a peak when the horizontal axis is a negative value, but if the plot shows a peak when the axis is a positive value, a myopia progression suppression effect is achieved. The example shown in Figure 1 is an example of a configuration similar to previously known myopia progression suppression lenses, and it is clear that a myopia progression suppression effect is achieved even with the plot shown in Figure 1.

[0017] In Figure 2, since a negative defocus power is set, the plot shows a large peak when the horizontal axis is a negative value. On the other hand, the plot also shows a peak when the horizontal axis is a positive value. Compared to Figure 1, the height of the peak when the horizontal axis is a positive value is lower. However, since a peak exists, it can be considered that even with the plot shown in Figure 2, a myopia progression suppression effect is achieved, although not as much as with the plot shown in Figure 1. In other words, the inventors have confirmed that the content described in Non-Patent Document 1 has a certain degree of validity.

[0018] The inventors further investigated the above. In Figure 2, at the peaks where the horizontal axis has a positive value, the OTF is negative or the deflection is close to π, which is presumed to be due to false focusing as described in Patent Documents 2 and 3. This false focusing occurs because areas of minute protrusions or minute recesses (referred to as "non-base areas" in this specification) are alternately arranged with areas other than those areas that satisfy the wearer's prescription values ​​(referred to as "base areas" in this specification).

[0019] As a result of considering the above, the inventors have obtained a completely new finding in the technical field of the present invention: the alternating arrangement determines the defocus power.

[0020] The inventors investigated whether this finding 1 is valid. In doing so, to examine the effects of the minute protrusions and other base regions in Patent Document 1, they obtained a wave-optical OTF (Optical Transfer Function) (transfer function of the optical system) using the following equations A1 and A2. u is the distribution of amplitude [unit: dimensionless] and is a function that represents the aperture. w is the wavefront aberration [unit: millimeters], λ is the wavelength [unit: meters], and ν is the spatial frequency [unit: 1 / rad]. p is the pupil function. Figure 3 is a schematic representation of the process described in equations A1 and A2 above. Each figure in Figure 3 is a schematic diagram (XY plane view) of an eyeglass lens viewed from a plane facing a small convex portion. The figure corresponding to the left term on the left side of Figure 3 shows the phase distribution (wavefront distribution) in the pupil shifted in the +X direction. The figure corresponding to the right term on the left side of Figure 3 shows the phase distribution (wavefront distribution) in the pupil shifted in the -X direction. The figure corresponding to the right side of Figure 3 shows the complex amplitude distribution.

[0021] Next, if we denote the defocus element as s and assume that the defocus wavefront can be expressed as a quadratic function, then the pupil function after defocusing is given by the following equation B. Substituting equation B into equation A2 yields the following equation C. Equation C is called the Ambiguity Function. You can refer to the following for more information on the Ambiguity Function: https: / / ntrs.nasa.gov / api / citations / 19820008035 / downloads / 19820008035.pdf Equation C shows that the OTF characteristics in through focus can be evaluated by performing a Fourier transform on the part before exp (*) in Equation C.

[0022] Due to the properties of the Fourier transform, the function obtained by Fourier transforming a function defined by the convolution of two functions is equal to the product of the functions obtained by Fourier transforming each of the two functions individually. Therefore, the through-focus OTF characteristics of an optical element consisting of a periodic structure correspond to the product of the Fourier transform of the comb-shaped function representing the periodic arrangement and the Fourier transform of each individual structure.

[0023] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram showing an overview of the convolution operation performed on the spectacle lens shown in Figure 3, when the visual acuity (VA) is 0.1. The left term of the left side of Figure 4 is a schematic diagram (upper) of a comb function representing the period (pitch) in the alternating arrangement of non-base regions, and is plotted (lower) with the horizontal axis being defocus power and the vertical axis being amplitude. The right term of the left side of Figure 4 is a schematic diagram (upper) representing the phase of * in equation C for one period (pitch), and is plotted (lower) with the horizontal axis being defocus power and the vertical axis being OTF value. The right side of Figure 4 is a schematic diagram (upper) representing the phase of * in equation C for the spectacle lens, and is plotted (lower) with the horizontal axis being defocus power and the vertical axis being OTF value.

[0024] From Figure 4, the inventors have discovered the following: • As shown by the left term on the left side of Figure 4 and the right side of Figure 4, the function representing the period (pitch) of the non-base region determines where a peak can exist in the above plot of OTF values ​​(in other words, what value the defocus power can take). • The optical quantity per non-base region determines the contrast distribution ratio to each peak in the above plot of OTF values. Due to the properties of the Fourier transform, the sum of the squares of the absolute values ​​of the function before the Fourier transform is the sum of the squares of the absolute values ​​of the function after the Fourier transform, and therefore the sum of the squares of the absolute values ​​of the through-focus OTF is conserved. To clearly demonstrate this conservation property and the convolutional property, the equation using the Fourier transform is used here.

[0025] In other words, the inventors have confirmed that the above finding 1 is valid.

[0026] While the above finding 1 was obtained, the inventors also discovered new problems associated with the above finding 1.

[0027] As shown in Patent Document 5, due to the divergence of the light beam diameter on the lens and the light beam diameter on the pupil associated with the vergence according to the object distance, the functional region extends, the apparent diameter and curvature of the segment change, and the refractive power of the segment changes. Further, as shown in Patent Document 4, when the light beam is obliquely incident (that is, when the wearer views peripherally rather than frontally), the passing distance of the light beam increases, and the contribution to the progress of the wavefront increases. As countermeasures against these phenomena, or by adjusting the coating, the height of the segment is changed, and the designed height of the segment is set to a robust value, as described in Patent Document 5.

[0028] On the other hand, as described above with respect to FIG. 4, since it is the pitch of the non-base region that determines where the contrast peak can exist (in other words, what value the defocus power can take), the inventor has found that no matter how much the sag amount of the non-base region is adjusted, if the pitch of the non-base region apparently changes, the intended defocus power cannot be obtained (finding 2). Findings 1 and 2 are not described in any document.

[0029] The inventor has repeatedly studied finding 2. Unlike the sag amount, the pitch of the non-base region is a parameter that is difficult to adjust during the manufacturing process unless the mold itself is changed. Therefore, it is important to suppress the above-described periodic variations due to the oblique incidence and vergence of the light beam in advance.

[0030] In the study, the inventor investigated what parameters cause the above-described periodic variations due to the oblique incidence and vergence of the light beam. If the parameters underlying the above-described periodic variations are identified, a configuration can be adopted in which the apparent pitch does not change by controlling the parameters. If so, it becomes possible to suppress the above-described periodic variations during the peripheral vision of the wearer, and as a result, it becomes possible to suppress the variation of the peak position (in other words, the variation of the defocus power) during the peripheral vision of the wearer.

[0031] An embodiment of the present invention aims to suppress the variation of the defocus power during the peripheral vision of the wearer.

[0032] Specific aspects of the present invention based on the above findings are as follows. A first aspect of the present invention is a functional region having a base region that causes a light beam incident from a surface on the object side to exit from a surface on the eyeball side, enter the wearer's pupil, and be focused on the retina to realize the refractive power of the wearer's prescription, and a plurality of non-base regions having a refractive action different from that of the base region and alternately arranged with the base region in a predetermined direction when the spectacle lens is viewed in a plan view. The functional region causes the light beam incident from the surface on the object side to exit from the surface on the eyeball side, while the light beam incident into the wearer's pupil forms a fire line, and is a spectacle lens having a myopia progression suppression effect or a hyperopia reduction effect. In the following formula (1), d is the distance between the spectacle lens and the pupil (unit: mm), s is the virtual object distance (unit: D = 1 / m) assumed when the line of sight passes through the base region within the functional region, and c is the curvature (unit: 1 / m) of the base region within the functional region. Among the range of 13.05 mm or more and 16.30 mm or less for d, there is at least one d that satisfies the following formula (1). 0.86 < {1 - √(d ２ + 10 ２ ) / (1000 / s)} × [d + 10 × {10 / (1000 / c)}] / √(d ２ + 10 ２ ) < 1.14 ··· (1)

[0033] A second aspect of the present invention is the spectacle lens according to the first aspect, wherein d satisfies formula (1) at any value within the range of 13.05 mm or more and 16.30 mm or less.

[0034] A third aspect of the present invention is the spectacle lens according to the first or second aspect, wherein the non-base region is at least any one of a convex region with respect to the base region, a concave region with respect to the base region, a region having a prism diopter different from that of the base region, and a region having a refractive index different from that of the base region.

[0035] A fourth aspect of the present invention is a pair of eyeglasses in which the peripheral edge of an eyeglass lens described in any one of the first to third aspects is cut based on a predetermined frame shape and fitted into the frame.

[0036] A fifth aspect of the present invention is a method for manufacturing eyeglass lenses comprising a functional region having a base region that causes a light beam incident from the object-side surface to be emitted from the eye-side surface, enter the wearer's pupil, and focus onto the retina to realize the wearer's prescribed refractive power, and a plurality of non-base regions having a different refractive effect from the base region and being arranged alternately with the base region in a predetermined direction when the eyeglass lens is viewed in plan view, wherein the functional region causes a light beam incident from the object-side surface to be emitted from the eye-side surface, while the light beam incident in the wearer's pupil creates a flame, thereby producing a myopia progression suppression effect or a hyperopia reduction effect, wherein in the following formula 1, d is the distance between the eyeglass lens and the pupil (unit: mm), s is the virtual object distance assumed when the line of sight passes through the base region within the functional region (unit: D = 1 / m), and c is the curvature of the base region within the functional region (unit: 1 / m), In the method for manufacturing eyeglass lenses, at least one d exists within the range of 13.05 mm to 16.30 mm that satisfies the following formula 1: 0.86 < {1 - √(d ２ +10 ２ ) / (1000 / s)}×[d+10×{10 / (1000 / c)}] / √(d ２ +10 ２ ) < 1.14 ... (1)

[0037] A sixth aspect of the present invention is a method for manufacturing spectacle lenses according to the fifth aspect, wherein at least one value of s and c is set such that d satisfies formula 1 for any value within the range of 13.05 mm to 16.30 mm.

[0038] According to one aspect of the present invention, fluctuations in the defocus power during peripheral vision of the wearer can be suppressed.

[0039] Figure 1 is a graph with defocus power on the horizontal axis and contrast (MTF value) on the vertical axis, for visual acuity (VA) 0.1 and visual acuity (VA) 0.3 when the defocus power is +5D. Figure 2 is a graph with defocus power on the horizontal axis and contrast (MTF value) on the vertical axis, for visual acuity (VA) 0.1 and visual acuity (VA) 0.3 when the defocus power is -5D. Each figure in Figure 3 is a schematic diagram (XY plane view) of the spectacle lens when viewed from a plane facing a small convex part. Figure 4 is a schematic diagram showing an overview of the convolution operation performed on the spectacle lens in Figure 3 when the visual acuity (VA) is 0.1. Figure 5A is an explanatory diagram showing the spherical wave when a light beam passes through the spectacle lens and enters the pupil during frontal viewing. Figure 5B is an explanatory diagram showing the spherical wave when a light beam passes through the spectacle lens and enters the pupil during peripheral viewing. Figure 6 is a plot of the spherical power S (imaginary object distance s) when the horizontal distance d from the non-base area mounting surface to the pupil center is 13.05 mm, with the horizontal axis representing the macroscopic curve c (1 / m) and the vertical axis representing the periodic fluctuation rate (%). The plot is shown for variations in the spherical power S (imaginary object distance s) from 0 to -10 D. Figure 7 is the corresponding figure to Figure 6 when the horizontal distance d from the non-base area mounting surface to the pupil center is 16.30 mm. Figure 8 is an explanatory diagram showing how divergent light from a point a predetermined imaginary object distance away from the spectacle lens passes through the spectacle lens and enters the pupil, and is intended to explain the meaning of each sign when obtaining the magnification m. Figure 9 is an explanatory diagram showing how divergent light from a point a predetermined imaginary object distance away from the spectacle lens passes through the spectacle lens and enters the pupil, and is intended to explain the meaning of each sign when obtaining the magnification m'. Figure 10A is an explanatory diagram showing a simulated image in the reference example where light transmitted through the non-base area of ​​the spectacle lens is perceived by the central visual field of the eyeball. Figure 10B is a graph in the reference example where the horizontal axis represents defocus power and the vertical axis represents contrast (MTF value) when the visual acuity (VA) is 0.1 and 0.3. Figure 11A is an explanatory diagram showing a simulated image in Comparative Example 1 where light transmitted through the non-base region of the spectacle lens is perceived by the central visual field of the eyeball.Figure 11B is a graph of Comparative Example 1, where the horizontal axis represents defocus power and the vertical axis represents contrast (MTF value) when visual acuity (VA) is 0.1 and visual acuity (VA) is 0.3. Figure 12A is an explanatory diagram showing a simulated image in Example 1, where light transmitted through the non-base region of the spectacle lens is perceived by the central visual field of the eye. Figure 12B is a graph of Example 1, where the horizontal axis represents defocus power and the vertical axis represents contrast (MTF value) when visual acuity (VA) is 0.1 and visual acuity (VA) is 0.3. Figure 13A is an explanatory diagram showing a simulated image in Example 2, where light transmitted through the non-base region of the spectacle lens is perceived by the central visual field of the eye. Figure 13B is a graph of Example 2, where the horizontal axis represents defocus power and the vertical axis represents contrast (MTF value) when visual acuity (VA) is 0.1 and visual acuity (VA) is 0.3. Figure 14A is an explanatory diagram showing a simulated image in Example 3 when light transmitted through the non-base region of the spectacle lens is perceived by the central visual field of the eye. Figure 14B is a graph in Example 3 with visual acuity (VA) of 0.1 and 0.3, where the horizontal axis is defocus power and the vertical axis is the MTF value (contrast). Figure 15A is an explanatory diagram showing a simulated image in Example 4 when light transmitted through the non-base region of the spectacle lens is perceived by the central visual field of the eye. Figure 15B is a graph in Example 4 with visual acuity (VA) of 0.1 and 0.3, where the horizontal axis is defocus power and the vertical axis is the MTF value (contrast). Figure 16A is an explanatory diagram showing a simulated image in Example 5 when light transmitted through the non-base region of the spectacle lens is perceived by the central visual field of the eye. Figure 16B is a graph from Example 5, where the horizontal axis represents defocus power and the vertical axis represents contrast (MTF value) when the visual acuity (VA) is 0.1 and 0.3.

[0040] The following descriptions are illustrative, and the present invention is not limited to the illustrated embodiments. In this specification, "~" refers to a value greater than or equal to a predetermined value and less than or equal to a predetermined value.

[0041] <Knowledge Leading to the Invention> The following diagrams illustrate how, when a wearer uses peripheral vision instead of forward vision, the above period in the non-base region can be varied from the perspective of the wavefront, and consequently, the above peak position (in other words, the defocus power) can be varied. Figure 5A is an explanatory diagram showing the spherical wave when a light beam passes through the spectacle lens and enters the pupil during forward vision. Figure 5B is an explanatory diagram showing the spherical wave when a light beam passes through the spectacle lens and enters the pupil during peripheral vision.

[0042] In this specification, defocus power may be any of the following, or equivalent: (1) The difference in transmitted refractive power between the base region and the non-base region (also known as the defocus region) under lens mounting or measurement system conditions. (2) The value obtained by multiplying the difference in curvature between the base region and the non-base region by the effects of refractive power and the angle of incidence. (3) An alternative value using the height of the non-base region relative to the base region (especially the boundary between the non-base region and the base region). (4) The deviation of the point where the optical indicators (MTF, spot intensity, etc.) are best for the luminous beam passing through the base region and the luminous beam passing through the non-base region, respectively. Furthermore, defocus power may be treated not only as the mean spherical power, but also as the power in a specific direction or as the power in the direction of maximum or minimum.

[0043] In Figure 5A, spherical waves are generated corresponding to each minute convex region (convex area in this specification). On the other hand, in Figure 5B, divergent light passing through each convex area enters the pupil from diagonally downward to diagonally upward. Therefore, compared to the spherical waves in Figure 5A, each spherical wave is stretched in the vertical direction of the paper. The ratio of this stretching is approximately (1 + L / T), where L [mm] is the corneal vertex distance and T [mm] is the absolute value of the distance from the lens to the object when viewing near. Normally, the retina would receive spherical waves corresponding to each convex area, but this is not the case when viewing near using a myopia progression suppression lens, resulting in only a low refractive effect. Specifically, it decreases inversely proportional to the square of the stretching ratio, that is, the apparent power becomes 1 / (1 + L / T)^2 of the original power. For example, if L = 12 mm and T = 300 mm, the elongation ratio becomes 1.04, and the apparent frequency becomes 1 / 1.08 of the original.

[0044] The inventors have estimated the parameters underlying this elongation (periodic fluctuation as referred to herein). They have identified the following three parameters: (1) Macroscopic curve c in the base region and non-base region [unit: D (= 1 / m)] (2) Distance from the spectacle lens to the image formed by the spectacle lens of an object that is in front of the spectacle lens for the wearer and is the object of visual perception (also referred to herein as the "imaginary object"), i.e., imaginary object distance s [unit: D (= 1 / m)] (3) Distance d between the spectacle lens and the pupil [unit: mm]

[0045] Parameter 1 will be explained in detail, although this is merely an example. If the non-base region is a convex region such as a minute protrusion, the curvature of the base region of the surface of the spectacle lens on which the convex region is provided (for example, the surface on the object side, which in this specification is also called the "non-base region setting surface") corresponds to the macroscopic curve c described above. This macroscopic curve refers to the macroscopic curve of the surface on which the structure that provides the function as a functional region is provided, and is also called the base curve. The refractive power of the convex region exhibits a refractive power that is added to the refractive power of the base region by the curvature of the convex region. In other words, the refractive power of the convex region is affected by the macroscopic curve c. The curvature of the surface at the point through which the line of sight passes can affect the fluctuation of the defocus power during the wearer's peripheral vision.

[0046] Parameter 2 will be explained in detail, although this is merely an example. When the non-base region is a convex region such as a minute protrusion, the distance between the base region of the surface of the spectacle lens on which the convex region is provided (for example, the surface on the object side) and the imaginary object corresponds to the imaginary object distance s. The imaginary object distance s is the distance corresponding to the spherical power S in the so-called prescription power. When the prescription power S is -1.0D, in this specification, the negative sign is left as is and the imaginary object distance s is expressed as -1.0D (= 1 / 1.0 (m)).

[0047] In the case of a single-vision lens, unless there are special circumstances, the virtual object distance s is equal to the spherical power S. On the other hand, in the case of a progressive multifocal lens, the virtual object distance s in the distance vision portion is equal to the spherical power S (i.e., the distance vision power), and the virtual object distance s in the near vision portion is equal to the near vision power (i.e., the spherical power S + the add power ADD). Furthermore, even with a single-vision lens, if a predetermined power is set for a specific virtual object distance, when viewing a virtual object at that specific virtual object distance, the virtual object distance s becomes a diopter corresponding to that predetermined power.

[0048] Furthermore, if the prescription value for eyeglass lenses includes an astigmatism component, in other words, if the optical design for eyeglass lenses takes astigmatism into account, the power S that forms the basis of the imaginary object distance s may be set as follows.

[0049] For example, consider a case where the mean spherical power is positive and the astigmatism power is large, such as +1D and 4D. Because the astigmatism power is 4D, the maximum power due to the direction caused by the astigmatism power is +2D and the minimum power is -2D. If we add the mean spherical power of +1D, the maximum power becomes +3D and the minimum power becomes -1D.

[0050] Thus, myopia progression-inhibiting lenses with a positive average spherical power are realistically possible. For example, if myopia progresses in the right eye and the left eye is healthy or has very slight hyperopia, the left eye may also develop myopia, influenced by the condition of the right eye. To suppress this, it is conceivable that both eyes would be fitted with myopia progression-inhibiting lenses. In that case, it is possible that a myopia progression-inhibiting lens with a positive average spherical power would be prepared for the left eye.

[0051] When optical design considering astigmatism is applied to eyeglass lenses in this manner, it is preferable to adopt the minimum power as S. This is because the refractive error progression suppression effect should be most effectively applied to the direction in which the degree of myopia is strongest in the eye. Therefore, it is preferable to set the minimum power, which corresponds to the degree of myopia and is therefore small, as power S. In the example described in the paragraph above, the minimum power -1D would be set as power S. It is also preferable that the minimum power be less than zero, as this allows for myopia correction. However, when providing a hyperopia reduction effect, adopting the maximum power would result in an excessively large base curve. Therefore, it is more practical from the perspective of manufacturing eyeglass lenses for hyperopia reduction to adopt the minimum power as power S, similar to the case of myopia progression suppression, rather than adopting the maximum power as power S.

[0052] Parameter 3 will be explained in detail, although this is merely an example. If the non-base region is a convex region such as a minute protrusion, the horizontal distance between the base region of the surface of the spectacle lens on which the convex region is provided (for example, the surface on the object side) and the center of the pupil (the air equivalent distance assuming that air exists between them) corresponds to the above distance d.

[0053] The relationship between the fluctuations in parameters (1)-(3) and the above-mentioned periodic fluctuations was investigated. In this investigation, the following parameters were fixed, and only parameters (1)-(3) were varied.

[0054] The angle of peripheral vision for the wearer was fixed so that the line of sight passes through a point 10 mm away from the center of the lens. The basis for this setting is the previous knowledge that a significant myopia progression suppression effect is achieved when the line of sight passes through a point 5 to 15 mm away from the center of the lens, and the midpoint of the above numerical range is 10 mm.

[0055] The curvature of surfaces other than those with a non-base region is ignored, and a thin-walled lens is assumed. The distance from the cornea to the surface in question is taken into account, at least for the central thickness in spectacle lenses. Furthermore, as shown in the results described later, the thickness variation due to the curve is negligible.

[0056] The prescribed power and viewing distance are grouped together as the imaginary object distance s. This is because it represents the divergence angle of light emitted from the lens. Furthermore, since children undergoing treatment with eye drops lack accommodative power and can only clearly see objects at a single viewing distance or close to it, real-time distance fluctuations are ignored.

[0057] Figure 6 is a plot of the spherical frequency S (imaginary object distance s) as it changes in increments of 0 to -10D, with the horizontal distance d from the non-base area mounting surface to the pupil center set to 13.05 mm, and the horizontal axis representing the macroscopic curve c (1 / m) and the vertical axis representing the periodic fluctuation rate (%). 13.05 mm is the distance between the non-base area and the pupil, assuming that the non-base area is provided on the eyeball side, and is the value assuming a corneal vertex distance of 10 mm and an entrance pupil distance of 3.05 mm. The entrance pupil distance is based on the value of entrance pupil P (3.047 mm) in Figure 4 of Optical Visual Acuity Measurement and Eye Measurement Techniques (see below site). (https: / / annex.jsap.or.jp / photonics / kogaku / public / 31-01-sougou.pdf) Figure 7 is the corresponding figure to Figure 6, when the horizontal distance d from the non-base area mounting surface to the pupil center is 16.3 mm. 16.30 mm is the distance between the non-base region and the pupil, assuming that a non-base region is provided on the object-side surface. This value is based on an assumed corneal vertex distance of 12 mm, an air-converted lens thickness of 1.25 mm, and an entrance pupil distance of 3.05 mm. The air-converted lens thickness is calculated by dividing the actual lens thickness of 2 mm by a refractive index of 1.60. A periodic variation rate (%) of less than 100% indicates that the period (pitch) is shortened when viewing peripheral vision. In other words, it indicates that the period appears shorter when viewing peripheral vision (for example, when the line of sight passes below the lens). Conversely, a periodic variation rate (%) exceeding 100% indicates that the period (pitch) appears longer.

[0058] In Figures 6 and 7, the lower threshold is set at 86% and the upper threshold at 114% on the vertical axis. The reason for this is as follows: In spectacle lenses for myopia progression suppression (myopia progression suppression lenses), the required defocus power is often 3.5D or 4.5D. If 3.5D is required, it is preferable in the myopia progression suppression lens industry for the defocus power of the final product to be within ±0.5D. If 4.5D is required, it is preferable in the myopia progression suppression lens industry for the defocus power of the final product to be within ±0.7D. Taking these factors into consideration, this specification sets the threshold for periodic variation at ±14%.

[0059] As shown in Figures 6 and 7, the macroscopic curve c (which is also the curvature of the base region; hereinafter referred to as the "macroscopic curve"), the imaginary body distance s, and the distance d of the surface on which the structure providing the function as a functional region is provided influence the periodic fluctuation. For example, in Figure 6, if the imaginary body distance s is 4D (spherical degree S is -4D), it can be seen that the macroscopic curve c needs to be set to 3 [1 / m] or more in order for the vertical axis to be above the lower limit threshold. It is necessary to set the macroscopic curve c, the imaginary body distance s, and the distance d so that the periodic fluctuation is within the threshold. The inventors have attempted to formulate this setting.

[0060] In formulating this invention, the inventors considered the periodic fluctuation as follows: They assumed a magnification factor m of the pupil diameter relative to the light beam diameter on the spectacle lens in a coordinate system perpendicular to the principal ray. Furthermore, although the arrangement of the non-base region (segment) is in a tangent plane coordinate system J (a coordinate system following the normal to the lens center), they assumed a magnification factor m' when projecting it onto a coordinate system K following the principal ray incident on the pupil. The periodic fluctuation is then considered as the product of these two magnification factors. In this specification, the result of the product of these two magnification factors is also referred to as the IntervalRatio. In one aspect of the present invention, the value of this IntervalRatio is set to be greater than 0.86 and less than 1.14. This is a numerical setting associated with setting a threshold of ±14% for the periodic fluctuation.

[0061] FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram showing how divergent light passes through the spectacle lens and enters the pupil from a position separated from the spectacle lens by a predetermined virtual object distance, and is a diagram for explaining the meaning of each symbol when obtaining the magnification m.

[0062] When the line-of-sight angle is θ, l = 10 / sin θ. l represents the distance from the non-base-region installation surface to the pupil center at the line-of-sight angle θ. As described above, as the peripheral vision angle of the wearer, it is fixed that the line of sight passes through a position 10 mm away from the lens center. The magnification m is represented by the following formula D.

[0063] When the value of sin θ was actually examined by the ray tracing method, there was no dependence on the value of the macroscopic curve c. Therefore, it can be judged that the above formula D may be taken as a representative example even when light beams are incident on a lens that is not a curved surface but a flat surface. Based on this judgment, sin θ is approximated as 10 / √(d ２ + 10 ２ ), and cos θ is approximated as (d - z) / √(d ２ + 10 ２ ). Then, the magnification m is represented by the following formula E.

[0064] FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram showing how divergent light passes through the spectacle lens and enters the pupil from a position separated from the spectacle lens by a predetermined virtual object distance, and is a diagram for explaining the meaning of each symbol when obtaining the magnification m'.

[0065] The magnification m' becomes the following formula F from the addition theorem when the surface inclination angle at the light incident position is α and the line-of-sight angle is θ.

[0066] Using l cited for the magnification m, approximating sin θ as 10 / √(d ２ + 10 ２ ), and approximating cos θ as d / √(d ２ + 10 ２ ), the magnification m' is represented by the following formula G.

[0067] Assuming the macroscopic curve is a sphere with c[1 / m], that is, if the base region (and preferably the central clear region as well) is spherical in shape, then tanα = 10 × c / 1000, and the magnification m' is expressed by the following formula H.

[0068] The IntervalRatio is expressed by the following equation I.

[0069] Equation 1 below is the result of setting the IntervalRatio value in Equation I to greater than 0.86 and less than 1.14. Note that in Equation 1 below, the units m (meters) and mm (millimeters) are consistent, and the IntervalRatio value is a dimensionless quantity. 0.86 < {1 - √(d ２ +10 ２ ) / (1000 / s)}×[d+10×{10 / (1000 / c)}] / √(d ２ +10 ２ ) < 1.14 ... (1)

[0070] In this specification, there is no limitation to the term "alternating" in "non-base regions arranged alternately with the base region in a predetermined direction." In short, Equation 1 above means "a condition in which the structure is not apparently enlarged or reduced (especially radially) when projected from the lens onto the pupil." This means that regardless of the structure of the alternating arrangement, if the spectacle lens (especially the macroscopic curve c) satisfies Equation 1 above, the performance of the alternating arrangement can be fully realized, that is, fluctuations in the defocus power during the wearer's peripheral vision can be suppressed.

[0071] Considering the condition that the image is not enlarged or reduced (especially in the radial direction), the defocus power and segment magnification ratio used in this specification are all based on meridional cross-sectional (diameteral) values. The reason for this is as follows:

[0072] In conventional Fresnel-shaped and ring (torus) myopia progression suppression lenses, the sagittal values ​​are known to have little technical significance in terms of myopia progression suppression effect. Furthermore, ring-shaped myopia progression suppression lenses are often used in animal experiments to confirm the myopia progression suppression effect. At the very least, it has been confirmed that light focusing in the radial direction contributes to the myopia progression suppression effect, therefore, this specification adopts the values ​​for the meridional cross-section (diameter direction).

[0073] This "alternating" pattern may or may not be a repetition at a fixed period (as exemplified herein). Furthermore, this "repetition" is in a broad sense. For example, even if the distance between the centers (centroids) of adjacent non-base regions does not strictly coincide, a similar pattern in one direction, with base regions in between, can be included in this repetition.

[0074] There are no limitations on the "repeated arrangement" of the "non-base regions that are repeatedly arranged alternately with the base region in a predetermined direction" as described herein. In short, Equation 1 above means "a condition in which the structure is not apparently enlarged or reduced (especially radially) when projected from the lens onto the pupil." This means that regardless of the periodic structure of the repeated arrangement, if the spectacle lens (especially the macroscopic curve c) satisfies Equation 1 above, the performance of that periodic structure can be fully realized, that is, fluctuations in the defocus power during the wearer's peripheral vision can be suppressed. Specific examples of repeated arrangements will be described later.

[0075] In other words, in one embodiment of the present invention, at least one value of d that satisfies formula 1 exists within the range of 13.05 mm to 16.30 mm. In this way, the spectacle lens can satisfy formula 1, and the effects of the present invention are achieved. Preferably, formula 1 is satisfied even if d is any one value within the above range.

[0076] As shown in formula F, the essence of the present invention is to appropriately set the angle of light incidence and the surface inclination angle at the point (region) on the lens that is effective in suppressing myopia. Therefore, when sufficient tilt angle and prism are given to the spectacle lens, the macroscopic curve may be selected so that the surface inclination angle caused by the tilt angle and prism and the surface inclination angle caused by the macroscopic curve are optimal.

[0077] <Eyeglass Lens> An eyeglass lens according to one aspect of the present invention is as follows: A functional region comprising: a base region that causes a light beam incident from the object-side surface to be emitted from the eye-side surface, enters the wearer's pupil, and focuses on the retina to realize the wearer's prescribed refractive power; and a plurality of non-base regions that have a different refractive effect from the base region and are repeatedly arranged alternately with the base region in a predetermined direction when the eyeglass lens is viewed in plan view, wherein the functional region causes a light beam incident from the object-side surface to be emitted from the eye-side surface, while the light beam incident in the wearer's pupil creates a ray, thereby producing a myopia progression suppression effect or a hyperopia reduction effect, in the following formula 1, where d is the distance between the eyeglass lens and the pupil (unit: mm), s is the virtual object distance assumed when the line of sight passes through the base region within the functional region (unit: D = 1 / m), and c is the curvature of the base region within the functional region (unit: 1 / m), In d, there exists at least one d that satisfies Equation 1 within the range of 13.05 mm to 16.30 mm. 0.86 < {1 - √(d ２ +10 ２ ) / (1000 / s)}×[d+10×{10 / (1000 / c)}] / √(d ２ +10 ２ ) < 1.14 ... (1)

[0078] The spectacle lenses described herein have an object-facing surface and an eye-facing surface. The "object-facing surface" is the surface that faces the object when the spectacle lenses are worn by the wearer, and the "eye-facing surface" is the opposite surface, that is, the surface that faces the eye when the spectacle lenses are worn by the wearer. This relationship also applies to the lens substrate that forms the basis of the spectacle lens. In other words, the lens substrate also has an object-facing surface and an eye-facing surface. In one embodiment of the present invention, the object-facing surface is convex, and the eye-facing surface is concave. In other words, the spectacle lens in one embodiment of the present invention is a meniscus lens.

[0079] In this specification, the horizontal direction when wearing eyeglass lenses is defined as the X direction, the vertical direction (up and down) as the Y direction, and the thickness direction of the eyeglass lenses, which is perpendicular to the X and Y directions, as the Z direction. The Z direction is also the optical axis direction of the eyeglass lenses. The lens origin, which is the origin of the eyeglass lenses, is the lens center. The lens center refers to at least one of the optical center, geometric center, or centering center (reference point) of the eyeglass lenses. In this specification, examples are given for cases where each center coincides.

[0080] The direction to the right of the wearer is defined as the +X direction, the direction to the left as the -X direction, the direction upward as the +Y direction, the direction downward as the -Y direction, the direction toward the object as the +Z direction, and the opposite direction (away from the wearer) as the -Z direction. These forward and away directions relate to the light beam passing through the center of the pupil, and strictly speaking, the XY coordinates should also be considered when viewing peripheral vision, but for the sake of explanation, they are defined as above in this specification. In this specification, "planar view" refers to the state when viewed from the +Z direction to the -Z direction. In this specification, "planar view" refers to the state when viewed from the normal of the eye point on the outer surface of the spectacle lens (the surface toward the object or the surface toward the eyeball), unless otherwise specified. Note that the present invention will also be effective when the configuration is adopted in a planar view from an arbitrary point on the lens, such as the normal of the point to be evaluated, instead of a planar view from the normal of the eye point.

[0081] Furthermore, if the functional area is provided only on the outermost surface on the eyeball side, the view from the -Z direction to the +Z direction may be considered as a planar view. Hereafter, when discussing "positions" such as the eye point and geometric center in eyeglass lenses, unless otherwise specified, it refers to the position in a planar view.

[0082] An eyeglass lens according to one aspect of the present invention comprises a central clear region and a functional region.

[0083] The central clear region is a portion having a smooth surface shape that can realize the wearer's prescribed refractive power from a geometrical optical standpoint, and is, for example, a portion that is transparent in the visible light wavelength range. The central clear region corresponds to the first refractive region of Patent Document 1.

[0084] Furthermore, the central clear region is the area that includes the center of the lens and / or the eye point, and is the region that causes the light beam incident from the object-side surface to exit from the eye-side surface, enter the wearer's pupil, and converge onto the retina.

[0085] In one embodiment of the present invention, the central clear region enables the realization of prescription powers (spherical power, astigmatism power, astigmatism axis, etc.). This spherical power may be the power to be corrected when looking straight ahead (at a distance of approximately 1 m to infinity) (for example, distance power, which will be used as an example hereafter), or it may be the power to be corrected when looking at intermediate objects (1 m to 40 cm) or near objects (40 cm to 10 cm).

[0086] Furthermore, the central clear area does not contain any configurations intended to provide myopia progression suppression or hyperopia reduction effects (e.g., convex and / or concave areas, embedded structures, etc.).

[0087] In one embodiment of the present invention, the central clear region (and the base region within the functional region, and furthermore, the outer clear region) functions as a so-called fixed-focus lens.

[0088] Incidentally, the wearer's prescription data is printed on the lens bag of the eyeglass lenses. In other words, if the lens bag is present, it is possible to identify the eyeglass lenses as belonging to the wearer based on their prescription data. Furthermore, eyeglass lenses are usually sold as a set with a lens bag. Therefore, eyeglass lenses that come with a lens bag also reflect the technical concept of this invention, and the same applies to the set of lens bag and eyeglass lenses.

[0089] The "eye point" is, for example, the position through which the line of sight passes when the wearer is looking straight ahead while wearing eyeglass lenses, and this example will be used hereafter. The eye point may also be the position through which the line of sight passes when the wearer views an object close to them (i.e., when viewing at close range), i.e., the near-seeing eye point. In one embodiment of the present invention, an example is given in which the geometric center of the eyeglass lens before it is fitted into a frame coincides with the eye point, coincides with the prism reference point, and coincides with the lens center. Hereafter, an eyeglass lens before it is fitted into a frame will be given as an example of an eyeglass lens according to one embodiment of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to this embodiment.

[0090] The eye point can be identified by referring to a remark chart or centration chart issued by the lens manufacturer.

[0091] The functional region is the area in which light beams incident from the object-side surface are directed outwards from the eye-side surface, while at least a portion of the light beam incident within the wearer's pupil is not focused onto the retina. In planar view, the functional region is an annular region adjacent to and surrounding the central clear region.

[0092] The annular outer clear region surrounding the functional region on the outer edge of the spectacle lens directs the light beam, incident from the object-side surface, outward from the eye-side surface, into the wearer's pupil, and converges on the retina. In other words, the functional region is the annular region located between the outer clear region and the central clear region.

[0093] The functional region sandwiched between the outer clear region and the central clear region consists of a non-base region and a base region.

[0094] The base region performs the same function as the central clear region (and the outer clear region described later). In one aspect of the present invention, the functional region other than the base region is the non-base region.

[0095] The non-base region is the area where light beams incident from the object side are emitted from the eyeball side, while light beams incident within the wearer's pupil form an envelope (a ray of light, or in other words, "a line that constitutes an envelope surface or surface of light").

[0096] "Caustics" refers to lines that converge when light is refracted or reflected, or high-energy regions near such lines. These caustics can include, as described in conventional patent documents, those that focus the light beam at a predetermined location, as well as those where the light beam is relatively dense around a predetermined location (either singular or plural).

[0097] The fact that a beam of light entering the wearer's pupil creates a ray of light means that it does not focus precisely on the retina, but rather that a state of focusing occurs that causes false resolution on the front side of the retina (+Z direction) and / or the back side of the retina (-Z direction) (similar to the state shown in Figures 1 and 2 above).

[0098] In other words, while an eyeglass lens according to one aspect of the present invention is a myopia progression suppression lens, similar to the eyeglass lens described in Patent Document 1, the eyeglass lens according to one aspect of the present invention is not limited to that. For example, an eyeglass lens according to one aspect of the present invention may be a hyperopia reduction lens.

[0099] The formation of a ray of light when a beam of light is incident on the wearer's pupil can be defined using the contrast in the wave-optical OTF (Optical Transfer Function) as follows: "A first contrast peak is formed near the retina, and a second contrast peak is formed at points other than the retina. The contrast of the first peak is lower than the contrast of the first peak formed by a beam of light passing only through the base region, and the contrast of the second peak is higher than the contrast of the first peak formed by a beam of light passing only through the base region." The above definition defines the formation of a ray of light when a beam of light is incident on the wearer's pupil as a contrast between high and low, because even with a single-focus lens, the contrast periodically fluctuates in magnitude while attenuating.

[0100] Regarding specific embodiments of the non-base region, there are no limitations such as a convex region as described in Patent Document 1, as long as the light beam that passes through the non-base region and enters the wearer's pupil forms a flame. On the other hand, it may of course be a convex or concave region, and may have a different refractive power than the base region.

[0101] For example, the non-base region may be a structure in which a material with a refractive index different from that of the lens substrate is embedded in the base region. Alternatively, the non-base region may be a structure in which a material with a refractive index different from that of the lens substrate is deposited on the base region. Conversely, the non-base region may be the lens substrate itself, while a material with a refractive index different from that of the lens substrate is embedded in the base region. Alternatively, the non-base region may be a state in which a material with a refractive index different from that of the lens substrate is deposited on the base region, while the non-base region is not. In particular, when embedded inside the lens substrate, the macroscopic curve is defined by the curvature of the approximate sphere consisting of the points where the material or structure is embedded (embedded region). For the approximate sphere, any method used in the prior art may be adopted, for example, the content described in WO2020 / 004551 may be used.

[0102] The non-base region may be a region that possesses the same refractive power as the base region but has a different prism degree. Even in this case, the non-base region can form a ray. Therefore, the non-base region is defined as "possessing a different refractive effect than the base region."

[0103] Furthermore, based on the finding 1 that the repeating arrangement described above determines the defocus power, the non-base region alone does not necessarily produce defocus power; therefore, it is referred to as the non-base region in this specification rather than the defocus region.

[0104] For the sake of explanation, one embodiment of the present invention is described as having a myopia progression suppression effect, similar to Patent Document 1, where the non-base region has a curved shape that protrudes toward the outside of the lens. Here, an example is given where the non-base region is a convex region, where both the base region and the non-base region within the functional region are spherical in shape, and where the convex region is provided only on the surface facing the object.

[0105] Even in that example, conventional technology does not use the macroscopic curve c, as shown in Equation 1 above, to examine whether the defocus power is properly exerted. Furthermore, it is not known to set the macroscopic curve c to satisfy the conditions of Equation 1, which expresses the relationship between the imaginary object distance s and the distance d between the spectacle lens and the pupil.

[0106] In this specification, "refractive force" refers to the average refractive force, which is the average value of the refractive force in the direction in which the refractive force is minimum and the refractive force in the direction in which the refractive force is maximum (perpendicular to that direction).

[0107] The following embodiments are preferred for defining the shapes of the outer edge of the functional region (i.e., the shape of the functional region 3 side in the outer clear region and the boundary between the two) and the inner edge (i.e., the shape of the functional region 3 side in the central clear region 2 and the boundary between the two).

[0108] In a planar view, the boundary line between the functional region and the outer clear region may be defined as the envelope of a collection of circles (all with the same radius) with radius r1 [mm] (r1 is one value in the range of 1.5 to 2.50) that can circumscribe a non-base region within the functional region on the outer clear region side without including other non-base regions (definition of the outer edge of the functional region). Since the value 2*r1 is assumed to be the pupil diameter, in this specification, each of these circles is also called a clear pupil circle. Hereafter, the envelope will be used as an example, but the shape of the outer clear region may be defined as a "collection of clear pupil circles" rather than the envelope of the collection of clear pupil circles. The shape of the central clear region may also be defined as a collection of clear pupil circles. Furthermore, in an eyeglass lens, the region other than the central clear region and the outer clear region may be defined as the functional region.

[0109] <Suitable Examples and Modifications of Eyeglass Lenses> Preferred examples and modifications of eyeglass lenses according to one aspect of the present invention are described below.

[0110] In Patent Document 2, WO2020 / 067028, cited as prior art, describes how changing minute protrusions into concave areas can result in eyeglass lenses that reduce hyperopia. The conversion of the myopia progression suppression function described so far into a hyperopia reduction function by changing convexity to concaveness is also applicable to the content described herein. In that case, an example is the non-base region having a curved shape that is concave towards the inside of the lens.

[0111] In this specification, "concave" and "recessed" in relation to spectacle lenses for reducing hyperopia refer to a relative concave state to the surrounding area (e.g., base portion of the substrate) of the object in question (e.g., recessed portion of the substrate). In other words, "concave" and "recessed" in relation to spectacle lenses for reducing hyperopia naturally include cases that are absolutely concave, as well as cases that are absolutely convex.

[0112] Examples of a surface that is relatively concave and absolutely convex include the following: For instance, in a lens substrate, there may be a portion that protrudes outward from the object-facing surface while having a curvature smaller than the macroscopic curve of the object-facing surface (for example, a portion that is flatter than the substrate base). Strictly speaking, such a portion is absolutely convex because the object-facing surface is convex. On the other hand, it is concave compared to the substrate base.

[0113] Various configurations can be adopted for the arrangement of non-base regions within the functional region.

[0114] For example, as described in Patent Document 1, non-base regions that are roughly circular in shape when viewed from above may be arranged in an island-like manner (i.e., spaced apart from each other without being adjacent) at equal intervals in the circumferential and radial directions around the central part of the spectacle lens. One example of the arrangement of non-base regions in plan view is an independent discrete arrangement where the center of each convex region becomes the vertex of an equilateral triangle (the center of each non-base region is located at the vertex of a honeycomb structure). In this case, the spacing between non-base regions may be 1.0 to 2.0 mm. The number of non-base regions may also be 100 to 100,000. Note that the shape of the non-base regions in plan view is not limited to circles, but may also be elliptical, polygonal, etc.

[0115] The diameter of each non-base region in plan view is preferably about 0.6 to 2.0 mm. The surface area of ​​each is preferably 0.50 to 3.14 mm. ２ It may be to a certain extent. The radius of curvature of the convex non-base region is spherical, with a radius of curvature of 50 to 250 mm, preferably about 86 mm.

[0116] There are no specific numerical limits on the defocus power in each non-base region, but for example, the minimum value of the defocus power produced by the non-base region on the spectacle lens is preferably in the range of 0.50 to 4.50 D, and the maximum value is preferably in the range of 3.00 to 10.00 D. The difference between the maximum and minimum values ​​is preferably in the range of 1.00 to 5.00 D.

[0117] In a plan view, the non-base regions may be arranged in a honeycomb pattern, a circumferential pattern, or a spiral pattern. Any combination of these arrangements is also one aspect of aspect 1 of the present invention. Furthermore, an arrangement in which several non-base regions are linked together like beads is also included as one aspect of the present invention. If the direction of the beading is circumferential, the technical idea of ​​the present invention can be applied if, when viewed radially, base regions and non-base regions are arranged alternately and repeatedly.

[0118] The functional area is preferably contained within a circle centered on the eye point and having a diameter of one of the values ​​between 15.00 and 40.00 mm.

[0119] There are no limitations on the size and shape of the central clear area; it can be circular, rectangular, elliptical, etc. One guideline for the lower limit of the central clear area's size is that it should be large enough to encompass a circle with a diameter of 6.00 mm centered on the eye point. One guideline for the upper limit of the central clear area's size is that it should fit within a circle with a diameter of 13.00 mm centered on the eye point.

[0120] The central clear region may be defined as a circle that does not include the non-base region, and extends from the lens center to the circle with the largest diameter. Furthermore, in the specific examples shown later, the boundary between the functional region and the outer clear region may be defined as a circle that includes the non-base region, and extends from the lens center to the circle with the largest diameter.

[0121] The annular functional region may be composed of a plurality of convex regions (i.e., non-base regions) on a base region having the same shape as the central clear region or the outer clear region, as shown in Patent Document 1.

[0122] Furthermore, in the functional area, the area of ​​the non-base area in plan view, which has a configuration that suppresses myopia progression or reduces hyperopia, may be defined as being 20% ​​or more and 80% or less of the total functional area.

[0123] Multiple non-base regions may be formed on at least one of the object-side surface or the eye-side surface of the spectacle lens. Alternatively, they may be formed embedded between the object-side surface and the eye-side surface (inside the lens). When they are formed embedded, it is difficult for a third party to identify the location of the non-base regions using reflected light as a guide. While this offers superior aesthetics, it is inferior in terms of fitting and ease of manufacturing. Therefore, marks to indicate the location and extent of the non-base regions are useful. In this case, the marks are easier to see if they are on the lens surface, but they may also be formed embedded in the same way as the non-base regions for the purpose of protecting the marks and suppressing excessive reflection. In one embodiment of the present invention, a case is illustrated in which multiple non-base regions are provided only on the object-side surface of the spectacle lens. The surface shape of the non-base regions is not particularly limited, but for example, it is spherical. It is preferable that the multiple non-base regions within the functional region satisfy either or both of the following conditions 1) and 2): 1) In total, they occupy 20% or more of the area of ​​the functional region in order to exert a sufficient myopia progression suppression effect on the lens as a whole. 2) In order for the light-gathering effect of each non-base region to be fully exerted, the centers (or vertices) of each non-base region 14 are separated by 0.2 mm or more. In particular, if the non-base region is spherical in shape, it is preferable that either or both of the following conditions (i) and (ii) are met: (i) The number of non-base regions is 18 or more (ii) The number of non-base regions is 5000 or less. Furthermore, if the non-base regions are arranged in a concentric circle pattern with respect to a point on the lens, it is preferable that either or both of the following conditions (iii) and (iv) are met: (iii) The number of non-base regions is 2 or more rings (iv) The number of non-base regions is 50 or less

[0124] There are no limitations on the shape of the functional region; it may be ring-shaped in plan view. The ring may be circular, rectangular, elliptical, or a combination thereof on the inside (i.e., the boundary between the central clear region and the functional region) and / or on the outside (i.e., the boundary between the outer clear region and the functional region).

[0125] An eyeglass lens according to one aspect of the present invention may be an eyeglass lens after it has been fitted into a frame, in which a portion of the functional area of ​​the eyeglass lens may be in contact with the outer edge of the eyeglass lens, and the other portion of the functional area may be in contact with the outer clear area. The expression "outer clear area surrounding the functional area" includes this case. Furthermore, it is not prohibited to provide a non-base area on the outer edge side of the outer clear area.

[0126] However, considering the need to easily obtain good visibility in the peripheral field of view, it is preferable that there are no structures (e.g., non-base areas, convex and / or concave areas, embedded structures, etc.) between the outer edge of the spectacle lens and the functional area that are intended to provide a myopia progression suppression effect or a hyperopia reduction effect. In other words, it is preferable that the entire area between the outer edge of the spectacle lens and the functional area be the outer clear area.

[0127] The lens substrate is formed from a thermosetting resin material such as thiourethane, allyl, acrylic, or epithio. However, other resin materials that can achieve the desired refractive index may be selected as the resin material constituting the lens substrate. Alternatively, an inorganic glass lens substrate may be used instead of a resin material.

[0128] The hard coat film is formed, for example, using a thermoplastic resin or a UV-curable resin. The hard coat film can be formed by immersing the lens substrate in a hard coat solution or by using a spin coating method. Applying such a hard coat film improves the durability of eyeglass lenses.

[0129] Anti-reflective coatings include, for example, ZrO ２ MgF ２ Al ２ O ３ These are formed by depositing anti-reflective agents, etc., by vacuum deposition. By coating the lens with such an anti-reflective film, the visibility of the image seen through the spectacle lens can be improved.

[0130] After the hard coat film is formed, an anti-reflective film is further formed on the surface of the hard coat film. The anti-reflective film can be formed by depositing the raw materials for the film by vacuum deposition. A primer film may be formed on the lens substrate before the hard coat film is formed.

[0131] On top of the hard coat film, one or more additional films can be formed. Examples of such films include anti-reflective films, hydrophobic or hydrophilic anti-fouling films, and anti-fogging films. In this specification, these are collectively referred to as "coating films." Known techniques can be applied to the formation methods of these various films.

[0132] The thickness of the coating film formed through the above process may be, for example, in the range of 0.1 to 100 μm (preferably 0.5 to 5.0 μm for hard coat films, and more preferably 1.0 to 3.0 μm). However, the thickness of the coating film is determined according to the function required of the coating film and is not limited to the range exemplified.

[0133] By manufacturing using this procedure, an eyeglass lens is obtained having multiple non-base regions protruding toward the object on the object-facing surface.

[0134] <Method for Manufacturing Eyeglass Lenses (Design Method)> One aspect of the present invention described above can also be reflected in the method for manufacturing and designing eyeglass lenses. In other words, the technical idea of ​​the present invention is reflected in the method for manufacturing and designing eyeglass lenses such that at least one value of d that satisfies formula 1 exists within the range of 13.05 mm to 16.30 mm. Preferably, at least one value of s and c is set so that formula 1 is satisfied even if d is any one value within the above range.

[0135] As a specific example, if the prescription power and the viewing distance that is primarily expected to be used are already determined, then s becomes a fixed value. In that case, the macroscopic curve c should be set such that there is at least one d that satisfies Equation 1 within the above range. Also, if only a predetermined lens blank is in stock with a macroscopic curve value, a lens blank will be adopted in which at least one d value satisfies Equation 1. Conversely, if the priority is to adopt a lens blank with a predetermined macroscopic curve, one approach is to determine in advance which prescription power and viewing distance (imaginary body distance) will satisfy at least one d value within the above range. When a request for the manufacture of spectacle lenses with a predetermined imaginary body distance is received, that d value is adopted, while requests for the manufacture of spectacle lenses with an imaginary body distance for which d does not satisfy Equation 1 are not accepted. Considering the operational examples described in this paragraph, it is even more preferable to include the following steps: When either s or c is set as a fixed value, set the value of the one that is not set as a fixed value such that there is at least one d that satisfies Equation 1 within the range of 13.05 mm to 16.30 mm. Furthermore, with the aim of prioritizing robustness to changes in wearing conditions due to the wearer's physical growth over optical function under the wearing conditions at the time of order, the values ​​of the values ​​that were not fixed may be set in the above process so as to maximize the range of values ​​of d that satisfy Equation 1. This is an example of utilizing one of the features of the present invention, which is that performance can be ensured with a clear outlook for a wide range of wearing conditions by formulating the phenomenon.

[0136] In the method for manufacturing and designing eyeglass lenses, a computer may be used to calculate s, c, and d such that they satisfy the above formula 1. In this case, a computer may be used to calculate the other s, c, and d such that the above formula 1 is satisfied when at least one of s, c, and d is set to a fixed value.

[0137] A computer is a computer device that functions to perform information processing as instructed by a predetermined program. Specifically, it is composed of a combination of components such as a CPU (Central Processing Unit), HDD (Hard Disk Drive), ROM (Read Only Memory), RAM (Random Access Memory), and an external interface (I / F). For example, the calculation may be performed by an arithmetic unit in a computer that has calculation capabilities.

[0138] Furthermore, the specific manufacturing process for eyeglass lenses after the above design has been completed can be carried out using known methods.

[0139] <Eyeglasses> The technical concept of the present invention is also reflected in eyeglasses in which the vicinity of the periphery of the above-mentioned eyeglass lenses is cut based on a predetermined frame shape and fitted into the frame. There are no limitations on the type or shape of the frame, and it may be full-rim, half-rim, under-rim, or rimless.

[0140] The technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and includes various modified and improved forms to the extent that specific effects obtained by the constituent elements of the invention or combinations thereof can be derived. For example, the present invention is applicable not only to spectacle lenses but also to other eye lenses (e.g., contact lenses, intraocular lenses (for phakic or aphakic patients)).

[0141] Based on finding 1 that the alternating arrangement described above determines the defocus power, the following configuration also has significant technical importance: "A method for designing (manufacturing) eyeglass lenses comprising: a base region having a base region that causes a light beam incident from the object-side surface to be emitted from the eye-side surface, enter the wearer's pupil, and focus onto the retina to realize the wearer's prescribed refractive power; and a plurality of non-base regions having a different refractive effect from the base region and being arranged alternately with the base region in a predetermined direction when the eyeglass lens is viewed in plan view, wherein the functional region causes a light beam incident from the object-side surface to be emitted from the eye-side surface, while the light beam incident in the wearer's pupil creates a flame, thereby producing a myopia progression suppression effect or a hyperopia reduction effect, the method comprising the step of determining the alternating arrangement to bring the actual flame pattern closer to a predetermined flame pattern."

[0142] The process of determining the alternating arrangement in the above configuration may be performed by the computer (specifically, the calculation unit).

[0143] The design method described above may further include, for example, the following steps: - A step of receiving at least one of the following as input parameters: prescription power, wearing conditions (corneal vertex distance: CVD), and wearing environment (main viewing distance), for example, requiring prescription power, and receiving at least one of the wearing conditions (corneal vertex distance) and wearing environment (main viewing distance). - A step of determining the base shape according to the above parameters (for example, a step of determining the macroscopic curve value). - A step of selecting the optimal period of the arrangement according to at least one of the above parameters and the magnitude of the light beam.

[0144] In addition to the corneal vertex distance, the following are considered as wearing conditions: - Instead of 3.05 mm, the actual measured pupillary distance of the wearer may be used. - If the wearer uses both contact lenses and spectacle lenses, the pupillary distance may be adjusted considering the power of the contact lenses. - If an anterior tilt angle or dilation angle is given, the distance from the corneal center to the eye point may be used instead of the corneal vertex distance, and α in Equation 7 may be shifted by the amount of the anterior tilt angle or dilation angle. Furthermore, if an inset is present, the following are considered as wearing conditions in addition to the primarily used viewing distance: - Also, considering the hypothesis that myopia progression suppression consists of stimuli other than the fovea, the distance to passively viewed objects such as walls or natural scenery may be used instead of the actively viewed viewing distance. In this case, infinity may be used unless there is a special reason. - When used in combination with eye drop treatment such as atropine, the reduction in accommodative function and the support function of spectacles may be considered.

[0145] When using, for example, the corneal vertex distance as one of the wearing conditions, specific measurements may or may not be used. An example of not using specific measurements is to group wearers into multiple categories. The same applies to the wearing environment; it may be grouped into multiple categories according to the primarily used viewing distance. This grouping may also be performed by a computer.

[0146] In addition to the above steps, the following steps may also be included: - A step to calculate the luminous flux in the functional region from either or both of the above parameters and the above base shape, before the step to select the optimal period of the above arrangement. - A step to determine whether the above steps are necessary and to perform them the required number of times after the step to select the optimal period of the above arrangement. The steps in this paragraph assume that the luminous flux calculation is performed as needed. In this assumption, a highly accurate optimal solution can be obtained. On the other hand, considering the small number of parameters and combinations, it is quite possible that the steps in this paragraph will not be performed and representative values ​​will be used instead. In that case, it is conceivable to have multiple appropriate period values ​​available for reference in advance. This "reference" includes cases where the data is stored in the computer's storage unit (HDD) or where it is referenced online from the cloud.

[0147] The following describes an embodiment of an eyeglass lens according to one aspect of the present invention. The present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.

[0148] [Reference Example] A reference example of wavefronts and optical performance was created assuming that there is no apparent expansion or contraction caused by oblique incidence and vergence of the light beam, as previously described. The outline is as follows, corresponding to Figures 10A and 10B. • Shape of non-base region: Convex, spherical, and perfectly circular in plan view (diameter 1.0 mm) • Design defocus power of non-base region: 4.5D • Arrangement of non-base regions in plan view: On the object-side surface, each non-base region is independently and discretely arranged such that its center forms the vertex of an equilateral triangle (the center of each non-base region is located at the vertices of a honeycomb structure) • Pitch between each non-base region (distance between the centers of the non-base regions): 1.5 mm

[0149] Figure 10A is an explanatory diagram showing a simulated image in the reference example where light transmitted through the non-base region of the spectacle lens is perceived by the central visual field of the eye. Figure 10B is a graph in the reference example where the horizontal axis represents defocus power and the vertical axis represents contrast (MTF value) for visual acuity (VA) 0.1 and visual acuity (VA) 0.3. This figure shows the MTF value in the meridional cross section. In this section, the distance between the point where the horizontal axis value is zero and the horizontal axis value (other than zero) where the sum of the MTF values ​​of VA 0.1 and VA 0.3 is maximum is defined as defocus power. In other words, if the optical characteristics in each example shown below are the same as the optical characteristics in the reference example, it means that the spectacle lens suppresses apparent magnification and reduction, and that the fluctuation of defocus power during the wearer's peripheral vision is suppressed.

[0150] Comparative Example 1 and Examples 1-5 are described below. The following table shows the values ​​of s, c, d, IntervalRatio (meridional) in the radial direction, and defocus power for each example. For reference, the IntervalRatio (sagittal) in the circumferential direction is also shown. In Comparative Example 1, the figure corresponding to Figure 10A is Figure 11A, and the figure corresponding to Figure 10B is Figure 11B. In Example 1, the figure corresponding to Figure 10A is Figure 12A, and the figure corresponding to Figure 10B is Figure 12B. In Example 2, the figure corresponding to Figure 10A is Figure 13A, and the figure corresponding to Figure 10B is Figure 13B. In Example 3, the figure corresponding to Figure 10A is Figure 14A, and the figure corresponding to Figure 10B is Figure 14B. In Example 4, the figure corresponding to Figure 10A is Figure 15A, and the figure corresponding to Figure 10B is Figure 15B. In Example 5, the figure corresponding to Figure 10A is Figure 16A, and the figure corresponding to Figure 10B is Figure 16B.

[0151] In Comparative Example 1, s and c are set such that none of the values ​​of d within the range of 13.05 mm to 16.30 mm satisfy Equation 1. In contrast, in Example 1, s and c are set such that at least one value of d within the above range satisfies Equation 1. In both Comparative Example 1 and Example 1, the imaginary object distance is zero (the spectacle lens is plano and for far vision).

[0152] In Examples 2 and 3, s and c are set such that Equation 1 is satisfied for any d (all d) within the above range. Example 2 is an example where d is 13.05 mm, the lower limit of the above range, and Example 3 is an example where d is 16.30 mm, the upper limit of the above range. In both Examples 2 and 3, the imaginary object distance is zero (the spectacle lens is plano and for far vision), and the macroscopic curve is 13 [1 / m].

[0153] In Examples 4 and 5, the value of s is set to -6. Then, c is set such that Equation 1 is satisfied for any d (all d) within the above range. Example 4 is an example where d is 13.05 mm, the lower limit of the above range, and Example 5 is an example where d is 16.30 mm, the upper limit of the above range. In both Examples 4 and 5, the imaginary object distance is 6D (prescription power -3D and near vision (-3D)), and the macroscopic curve is 13 [1 / m].

[0154] In Comparative Example 1, the IntervalRatio value was outside the range of 0.86 and less than 1.14, whereas in Examples 1 to 5, the IntervalRatio value fell within this range. In particular, in Examples 4 and 5, the IntervalRatio value was kept within the strict range of 0.95 to 1.02.

[0155] In other words, Examples 1 to 5 are spectacle lenses in which fluctuations in defocus power during the wearer's peripheral vision are suppressed. In fact, when comparing the defocus power, the defocus power in each example is closer to the reference example compared to Comparative Example 1.

Claims

1. A spectacle lens comprising: a base region that causes a light beam incident from the object-side surface to be emitted from the eye-side surface, enter the wearer's pupil, and focus onto the retina to achieve the wearer's prescribed refractive power; and a plurality of non-base regions that have a different refractive effect from the base region and are arranged alternately with the base region in a predetermined direction when the spectacle lens is viewed in plan view, wherein the functional region causes a light beam incident from the object-side surface to be emitted from the eye-side surface, while the light beam incident into the wearer's pupil creates a ray, thereby producing a myopia progression suppression effect or a hyperopia reduction effect, wherein in the following formula 1, d is the distance between the spectacle lens and the pupil (unit: mm), s is the virtual object distance assumed when the line of sight passes through the base region within the functional region (unit: D = 1 / m), and c is the curvature of the base region within the functional region (unit: 1 / m), In d, there exists at least one d that satisfies the following equation 1 within the range of 13.05 mm to 16.30 mm. 0.86 < {1 - √(d ２ +10 ２ ) / (1000 / s)}×[d+10×{10 / (1000 / c)}] / √(d ２ +10 ２ ) < 1.14 ... (1) 2. The spectacle lens according to claim 1, wherein d satisfies formula 1 in any value within the range of 13.05 mm to 16.30 mm.

3. The spectacle lens according to claim 1, wherein the non-base region is at least one of the following: a convex region relative to the base region, a concave region relative to the base region, a region having a different prism power than the base region, or a region having a different refractive index than the base region.

4. Eyeglasses in which the peripheral edge of an eyeglass lens according to any one of claims 1 to 3 is cut based on a predetermined frame shape and fitted into the frame.

5. A method for manufacturing eyeglass lenses comprising a functional region having a base region that causes a light beam incident from the object-side surface to be emitted from the eye-side surface, enter the wearer's pupil, and focus onto the retina to achieve the wearer's prescribed refractive power, and a plurality of non-base regions having a different refractive effect from the base region and being arranged alternately with the base region in a predetermined direction when the eyeglass lens is viewed in plan view, wherein the functional region causes a light beam incident from the object-side surface to be emitted from the eye-side surface, while the light beam incident into the wearer's pupil creates a flame, thereby producing a myopia progression suppression effect or a hyperopia reduction effect, wherein in the following formula 1, d is the distance between the eyeglass lens and the pupil (unit: mm), s is the virtual object distance assumed when the line of sight passes through the base region within the functional region (unit: D = 1 / m), and c is the curvature of the base region within the functional region (unit: 1 / m), A method for manufacturing eyeglass lenses, wherein at least one d exists within the range of 13.05 mm to 16.30 mm that satisfies the following formula 1. 0.86 < {1 - √(d ２ +10 ２ ) / (1000 / s)}×[d+10×{10 / (1000 / c)}] / √(d ２ +10 ２ ) < 1.14 ... (1) 6. The method for manufacturing spectacle lenses according to claim 5, wherein at least one value of s and c is set such that d satisfies formula 1 at any value within the range of 13.05 mm to 16.30 mm.

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