Smart iot-based system and machine for used cooking oil and exchange

Abstract

This invention relates to a Smart loT-Based System and Machine for Used Cooking Oil and Exchange and a new-oil vending machine in a compact form, wherein the device operates under the control of a processing unit that manages system operations. The system receives used oil and displays information along with printed slips and receipts installed at the front section. This used-oil receiving system works by suctioning oil from the filter tank into the Smart loT Based System and Machine for Used Cooking Oil and Exchange through a suction line to transfer the oil into the receiving tank. From there, the oil is pumped into the used-oil tank, while the processing unit evaluates the suction system and the volume and quality of the oil being purchased. The data is then sent to the display unit and stored in the memory module to support service and oil management.

Description

[0001] Details of the Invention

[0002] Name of the Invention

[0003] Smart loT-Based System and Machine for Used Cooking Oil and Exchange

[0004] Technical Field of the Invention

[0005] Engineering related to the automatic used vegetable oil purchasing system and machine.

[0006] Background of the Related Art or Technology

[0007] Used vegetable oil (Used Cooking Oil or UCO) originates from use in food preparation, such as frying or stir-frying. After use, the oil becomes contaminated with food scraps or deteriorates from high heat, making it unsafe to be reused for cooking again.

[0008] Characteristics of Used Vegetable Oil

[0009] -Deterioration When oil undergoes repeated use, deterioration occurs, causing the oil to have a dark color, a burnt smell, or an altered taste.

[0010] -Contamination Used oil may be contaminated by food scraps and residues from cooking, such as bacteria or chemicals from various raw materials.

[0011] -Carcinogens The reuse of oil generates Polar Compounds and carcinogens such as Acrylamide.

[0012] Problems from Used Vegetable Oil

[0013] -Health Problems Reusing used vegetable oil in cooking may negatively affect health due to contamination and the formation of substances harmful to the body, such as polar compounds or substances that cause cancer.

[0014] -Environmental Problems Used vegetable oil disposed of into water pipes or public water sources will cause clogging in drainage systems and cause environmental contamination, especially in water sources, because oil does not degrade easily.

[0015] -Improper Disposal Disposing of vegetable oil into wastewater treatment systems may damage the treatment system and poses a problem for waste management at the community level (Acrylamide), which is hazardous to health.

[0016] Management of Used Vegetable Oil

[0017] -Recycling Used vegetable oil can be recycled to produce biodiesel, which is an environmentally friendly renewable energy.

[0018] -Collection Many organizations and businesses, such as restaurants and hotels, collect used vegetable oil to sell to companies that purchase old oil for recycling.

[0019] -Alternative Uses Used vegetable oil may be used in soap production or as an ingredient in animal feed. At present, there are people who can bring their leftover used cooking oil to sell to recycling points again, but the problem is that they cannot sell it at any time.

[0020] And the company RUCOIL has received complaints regarding the purchase of used cooking oil, stating that sellers must bring used oil that has already been poured into a container, changed containers, or poured into a bottle to be returned to the used-oil buying machine. This system does not include any oil-quality inspection. Poor-quality oil can therefore be mixed and sold, which may cause buyers to receive low-quality or contaminated oil.

[0021] Another issue is that the used oil itself may deteriorate, and selling used oil requires quick and efficient processing. In conventional used-oil purchasing systems, sellers must pour the oil into the machine manually, which results in contamination and mixing of oil types. Sellers may accidentally pour used oil into the wrong tank or into a large container that becomes dirty and polluted.

[0022] The invention of this Smart loT-Based System and Machine for Used Cooking Oil and Exchange solves these problems by allowing sellers to pour used oil directly into the machine without needing to change or transfer containers, reducing contamination and preventing confusion between clean and contaminated oil.

[0023] Characteristics and Purpose of the Invention

[0024] This invention is a Smart loT-Based System and Machine for Used Cooking Oil and Exchange and a compact new-oil vending machine. The machine operates ally using a processing unit that controls overall functions. At the front part of the Smart loT-Based System and Machine for Used Cooking Oil and Exchange, there is a display and result screen, and at the neck of the used-oil receiving unit, a receipt- and coupon-printing system is installed for providing new-oil purchasing slips for users. At the front of the Smart loT-Based System and Machine for Used Cooking Oil and Exchange, the system displays the available type(s) of new oil for purchase, allowing users to select the new cooking oil they want. The new-oil vending machine is created in a compact form and combined with the Smart loT-Based System and Machine for Used Cooking Oil and Exchange.

[0025] The used-oil receiving system includes a receiving tank with an oil -quality sensor (21) installed inside to inspect the oil quality before allowing purchase. Above the receiving tank (5), a container is installed to measure the oil weight. After oil is poured into the used-oil receiving tank, the oil-quality sensor checks the quality level, and the results are shown on the display screen (5). The oil will then be pumped into the used-oil storage tank (7) or into the wastewater or sludge tank (9), depending on whether the quality sensor identifies the oil as acceptable or not. The oil-quality sensor also detects odor levels and other properties such as temperature, moisture, and acidity to determine whether the oil is acceptable for purchase. The data is transmitted to the processing unit (1) and displayed, and the information is also sent to the alarm module to help manage service and inspection of the Smart loT-Based System and Machine for Used Cooking Oil and Exchange.

[0026] Abbreviated Figure Descriptions

[0027] Figure 1 shows the operating system and components of the Smart loT-Based System and Machine for Used Cooking Oil and Exchange. Figure 2 shows the dimensional form and mechanism of the Smart loT-Based System and Machine for Used Cooking Oil and Exchange.

[0028] Figure 3 shows the dispensing of oil from the Smart loT-Based System and Machine for Used Cooking Oil and Exchange.

[0029] Figure 4 shows coins being dropped into the slot of the Smart loT-Based System and Machine for Used Cooking Oil and Exchange.

[0030] Figure 5 shows banknotes being inserted into the slot of the Smart loT-Based System and Machine for Used Cooking Oil and Exchange.

[0031] Figure 6 shows coins dropping from the side into the interior of the Smart loT-Based System and Machine for Used Cooking Oil and Exchange.

[0032] Disclosure of Essential Details

[0033] According to Figure 1, the operating system and components of the Smart loT-Based System and Machine for Used Cooking Oil and Exchange are shown. The equipment, which includes electrical and electronic devices and mechanical systems, uses power supplied from solar panels. (1) This unit functions to receive the electrical current and support operational performance of the equipment, represented through electrical signal channels that illuminate indicator lights. These indicator lights are designed in the form of a lighting system to work together with the display system and mechanical system of the equipment for both electrical operation and oil dispensing. This includes receiving banknotes inserted by users who use the oilselling service, and these users are members registered with the machine. The banknote slot installed on the processing unit (1) connects to the banknote and coin receiving unit (3) so that users may insert coins and banknotes to purchase available products such as bottle water or used cooking oil stored inside the machine.

[0034] When a product is purchased, the machine operates accordingly. The display system and mechanical system (4) will show the amount inserted into the receiving compartment for banknotes and coins (3), enabling the operational process according to the structural system of the device. (4) The display output is linked to the control unit to operate for long periods, enabling operators to remotely communicate through the internet for system coordination.

[0035] The banknote slot installed on the processing unit (2) connects to the oil money box (2), functioning to count and process the number of banknotes. (1) It provides illumination for the signal lights (2) and supports mechanical linkage with the text displayed from the banknote receiving unit and coins (3). Alternatively, the counting data of banknotes and coins is recorded; the number of banknotes and coins received is stored in the money box (2), all of which work together effectively.

[0036] (1) Power is transmitted to the flow-type solar cell (2). (2) This allows the Smart loT-Based System and Machine for Used Cooking Oil and Exchange to verify efficient system usage and provide operational information.

[0037] (3) Or it returns monitoring signals for checking operational functions of the equipment and system techniques to achieve desired results (2). It also evaluates operational scoring from the data received, which contributes to the overall performance report intended for communication. (25) And the reoiling nozzle for used cooking oil will have two-way notification capability, both forward and backward, to return information to the OIML-approved flow meter. (23)

[0038] At the oil inlet and the oil return port of the processing unit (1), they shall be connected to the used cooking oil supply tank, which is installed together with the equipment required for system operation. Beginning from the used cooking oil storage tank (5), which is the raw material tank, it draws oil from the user’s oil storage tank through pump (1) into the used cooking oil tank (6). The tank is equipped with sensors to detect the quality of the incoming used cooking oil (21) to determine whether the used cooking oil is suitable for producing or whether it must be diverted into the raw used cooking oil tank (22) if it does not meet specifications. The storage tank (5) is fitted with a level sensor (17) to monitor oil volume in the tank and equipped with a temperature sensor (4) to maintain optimal production temperature. The oil is pumped through a heat exchanger (2) to raise the temperature to the required level before entering the processing unit (1). The processing unit uses data from sensor (21) to assess oil quality for blending or direct use. If blending is required, it mixes with crude used cooking oil in tank (22). Inside the processing unit (1), used cooking oil is heated further through sensor (4) to ensure that only oil of suitable quality proceeds to the processing stage. The unit’s internal system analyzes the used cooking oil through sensor (21) to determine the grade of used cooking oil and the appropriate type for further use. The results are displayed on the control screen. The processing unit (1) then sends an electrical signal to control the oil outlet valve (8) and pumps (10)for dispensing through the refined oil outlet (12) by commanding the motor speed according to sensor (11) to deliver the required amount of oil to the processing unit (1). The refined oil is ready and shown on the display for withdrawal at the outlet (4), which dispenses the refined . If crude used cooking oil in tank (22) is depleted, the system will refill it from tank (12). Sensor (16) measures crude used cooking oil volume in tank (12) and signals the system when it is time to pump crude used cooking oil forward to the processing unit (1) for further quality assessment and adjustment. The crude used cooking oil is blended in the processing unit (25) to ensure the correct quality for production and juices the refined through outlet (12) via a controlled flow system in tank (15). When the system reaches the designated time period for dispensing, the control system opens valve (8) to let refined (12) flow back for further processing. After processing, the unit (1) sends an electrical signal to the refined oil outlet (6) to discharge (7) for refined dispensing (9). The refined is then sent to the processing unit (2) if mixing with crude used cooking oil is required and then pumped into the tank (13) for storage. Finally, the oil is dispensed into the vehicle through the sensor-controlled outlet which adjusts volume (14)using data from sensor (5) to regulate the proper amount of entering the vehicle.

[0039] When the oil dispensed reaches the required value and shows on display (12), the system assesses whether dispensing is complete and ends the transaction. The storage tank (15) collects the returned from tank (25) for processing in the next cycle.

[0040] In the case where a user requests oil dispensing service but is not satisfied and does not wish to proceed with the purchase, the result and the readout (4) will be displayed on the sales / cancel button screen. When the user does not confirm through the purchase button, the system will return to the function showing the sales / cancel menu. If the user does not press the accept / confirm button, the screen will revert to the main menu that provides used cooking oil pump operation functions. In the case of cancellation, the processing unit (1) will:(l) send an electrical signal to the valve to discharge the refined oil (9) into the refined oil tank (13) and return the processed used cooking oil (28) to the raw used cooking oil tank (5) through the used cooking oil discharge outlet (29). The system will return oil back using the reverse-flow process controlled by sensors (11) and (17) from the refined oil tank into the raw used cooking oil tank (22) by activating the pump (5) in the processing unit for oil return.

[0041] The system must ensure that the refined used cooking oil or only flows back into the OIML- certified meter (flow meter (23)), and that the quality inspection unit (21) prevents unapproved oil from mixing with .In the case of refined , the Smart loT-Based System and Machine for Used Cooking Oil and Exchange will send a signal to the processing unit (1) to send an electrical signal to the refined oil tank outlet (9) to direct the refined oil (13) through the flow system into the refined oil tank (15) and then into the collection tank (14), ready for reuse or reprocessing. The screen will display that the refined oil has been returned to the raw used cooking oil tank (22) to determine whether new processing is needed for the next customer.

[0042] The processing unit (1) will send an electrical signal to the main unit to order the display of the processed amount for the next user (1) for the purpose of transferring data to the pump screen (25) for managing the next dispensing process.

[0043] According to Figure 2, it shows the mechanical operating capability of the Smart loT-Based System and Machine for Used Cooking Oil and Exchange:A chassis (30) containing the oil suction system (31) that draws used cooking oil through the used cooking oil pump (35) to transfer used cooking oil through the di scharge pipe back into the oil tank (29). The crude used cooking oil tank (3) receives used cooking oil that has not yet passed the purchasing process. On the front side of the tank, there is an outlet for crude used cooking oil (3) that allows the used cooking oil to be inspected. The inner tank contains the motor-driven agitation shaft for continuous mixing (45) and is installed with the combined sensor and inspection system (3) to provide accurate output via piping (4) that transfers the oil from the processing unit (22). The screen display results and readouts (4) allow users to confirm or reject oil dispensing (6). If rejected, the system will send used cooking oil back through the reverse pipeline (41) to return it to the raw used cooking oil tank for further processing or for the next user. According to Figure 3, it shows the internal chamber of the Smart loT-Based System and Machine for Used Cooking Oil and Exchange used for processing liquid used cooking oil. Inside the processing chamber is an oil processing tank (37) used to process and store used cooking oil in the required sequence for resale or return to the crude used cooking oil tank depending on the meter status. The motor-driven processing unit (36) rotates in the designated direction.

[0044] According to Figures 4 and 5, after the purchasing process is completed, the processing unit will discharge the refined oil into the dispensing stage. If the tank with processed has reached its maximum level (32), the system will open the pipeline (12) to allow the refined to flow back into the oil collection tank (15) for reuse in the next dispensing cycle.

[0045] Used cooking oil that has not passed the purchasing process and comes from the raw used cooking oil tank (5) and the top of the second oil storage tank is connected to the raw used cooking oil tank (5), where the raw used cooking oil extracted from the seller will be inspected using a used cooking oil quality sensor (21). The quality sensor will measure the amount of used cooking oil, the color sensor, the temperature unit, and the mixed-color sensor to determine whether the oil will be sent to the processing unit (2) for further processing or not.If the incoming used cooking oil measured by the machine indicates low quality, the machine will return the used cooking oil through the raw used cooking oil tank (5) via the return pipeline (32) to prevent unqualified used cooking oil from continuing in the process.

[0046] If the used cooking oil meets the quality standards, the Smart loT-Based System and Machine for Used Cooking Oil and Exchange (42) will transfer the used cooking oil to the mixer unit for blending (37). This blended used cooking oil will then be transferred into the corresponding processing unit and stored in the mixing shaft tank (5), where the refined-used cooking oil-inflow system (44) will pump the oil into the refined used cooking oil tank once blending is completed. The oil will then pass the return channel of refined oil (29) and continue flowing into the refined used cooking oil tank (6) for further processing and storage to be sent to the main used cooking oil processing unit and then to the refined oil tank (7).

[0047] The control unit will manage the electrical system inside the Smart loT-Based System and Machine for Used Cooking Oil and Exchange. The crude used cooking oil tank will receive used cooking oil from the seller through the crude used cooking oil suction pipeline (38), which draws oil into the used cooking oil storage pump (35). Once inside, the oil passes through multiple quality control sensors (40) and the mixing shaft sensor, which works in coordination with the pump system (40) that ensures blended is transferred according to the quality matching system for the buy er. According to Figure 6, it shows the cross-sectional view of the machine from the inside of the used cooking oil purchasing and processing unit. The right side shows the refined used cooking oil storage tank (12) and the refined used cooking oil tank (15), and upon entering the raw used cooking oil tank (5), the oil will flow through the used cooking oil basin (10) that comes through the raw used cooking oil (5). The machine also has a built-in flow meter that measures flow from the refined tank (8). There is also an outlet channel where excess refined oil can pass, which is the refined used cooking oil flow outlet (12) that leads into the refined used cooking oil storage tank (29). This flow will pass through the sensors (11) to measure the movement of refined oil but will not enter the raw used cooking oil tank (29). The system will also allow raw used cooking oil to pass into the refined used cooking oil tank (13) to prepare oil that will go to the blending unit for sending into the refined used cooking oil tank (15). The refined used cooking oil will flow out through the refined used cooking oil outlet (9) or through the refined used cooking oil flow sensor (14), which measures the volume of oil that passes through the electric pump system obtained from the raw used cooking oil tank (6). The refined pump (6) draws oil into the refined used cooking oil tank and sends it to the refined used cooking oil pump inlet (13). The motor drive system (39) and the pump control system (40) combine with the heating and mixing shaft system (45)inside the raw used cooking oil tank to heat and blend used cooking oil until the processing unit (1) begins production in two forms: refined used cooking oil or . The used cooking oil is pumped through pipelines for proper blending and flow regulated by the electric pump (16). The refined used cooking oil storage tank (20) receives refined oil through the refined used cooking oil pipeline (12) and the refined used cooking oil suction pipeline (18). The raw used cooking oil will be drawn from the crude tank (5) into the refined used cooking oil tank (13) for processing through the refined used cooking oil flow sensors (19). The refined used cooking oil will be returned to the refined tank (20) through the quality inspection unit (21) to determine whether the used cooking oil meets the required viscosity or quality.

[0048] The above-mentioned equipment will send electrical signal values to the processing unit (1) to calculate the obtained yield and forward the command to the operating equipment via the working electrical system, or send data to the Wi-Fi system and the loT modem (23) to transmit information in unified form to the server (24) for the admin (25) who supervises and manages the Smart loT-Based System and Machine for Used Cooking Oil and Exchange to be able to operate effectively.

[0049] The auxiliary equipment set will generate electricity for the machine, such as the oil tank (22) to store oil required for burning used cooking oil in order to start the machine's system. The Smart loT-Based System and Machine for Used Cooking Oil and Exchange (5), together with the flow- rate measurement sensor of refined used cooking oil (14) installed for measuring refined used cooking oil (13), is used for calculating the amount returning into the refined used cooking oil tank (15) and the refined used cooking oil chamber (16). The Smart loT-Based System and Machine for Used Cooking Oil and Exchange will send electrical signals to the refined used cooking oil tank (7) to direct refined used cooking oil into the refined tank (8). The refined used cooking oil tank will push refined used cooking oil (12) from the refined oil tank through the refined used cooking oil return channel (17) so that the machine can send oil into the used cooking oil purchasing tank (15) for system operation. There is also a raw used cooking oil return channel (18) for the raw used cooking oil tank to return oil into the crude used cooking oil tank (7), allowing the admin (25) to verify and manage the refilling operation when the level is near depletion. In addition, there is a refined oil flow-rate sensor (19) to measure the amount of refined used cooking oil fed into the refined used cooking oil tank (12) and the refined used cooking oil drain channel (15) that sends refined used cooking oil into the refined used cooking oil chamber and into the refined used cooking oil tank (20), measuring the refined used cooking oil remaining in the refined used cooking oil tank to notify the admin (25) for monitoring oil storage and to prevent loss of oil. The refined used cooking oil tank (12) will receive used cooking oil through the manufacturing process controlled by the sensor system installed within the machine, compressed with air pressure and filled with oil as appropriate, or imported into the tank through a pump system. The structure of the recharge chamber is designed in a shape that corresponds to the refined used cooking oil processing machine’s workflow (16). The refined used cooking oil tank is essential for processing clean oil used as purified used cooking oil. The refined used cooking oil chamber is designed with a lid that opens and closes easily and provides airtight sealing, enabling more efficient operation than systems that use conventional pipes. The refined used cooking oil chamber Is designed In a special shape so that the refined used cooking oil obtained can be reused or refilled with other substances, except in cases where such use might damage the machine, whereupon the machine system will notify of an error.

Claims

AMENDED CLAIMS received by the International Bureau on 21 April 2026 (21.04.2026)1.

1. A smart loT-based system and machine for used cooking oil collection and exchange, comprising: a cabinet (30) housing a processing unit (1) configured to control all system operations; a four-layer loT architecture comprising:(a) an edge layer including an oil-quality sensor (21), an oil-level sensor (4), a weighing sensor (46), a temperature and humidity sensor (40), and a flow meter(23) installed within the cabinet (30);(b) a local network layer comprising a Wi-Fi / GSM module (23) and a server(24) for local data management;(c) a cloud platform layer connected to an external application (26) and an admin management system (25); and(d) an API / application layer enabling remote monitoring and management by operators; a dual independent tank configuration comprising:(i) a raw used cooking oil receiving tank (5) configured to receive used cooking oil from sellers, said receiving tank being physically separated from and independently operated from all other oil storage tanks in the system; and(ii) a refined used cooking oil storage tank (12) configured to store used cooking oil that has passed quality inspection, said storage tank being equipped with an independent oil-level sensor (17) or oil-quality sensor (18); an integrated payment and new-oil dispensing unit comprising a banknote and coin receiving unit (3), a cash acceptance module, a display screen (4, 5), and a vegetable oil dispensing unit (2) configured to dispense new vegetable oil products for purchase by sellers, all housed within the same cabinet (30); a motor-driven waste filter (42) installed in front of the raw used cooking oil receiving tank (5), arranged such that when a motor (39) rotates, oil moves from right to left or left to right to be discharged into an oil-waste tank, said waste filter (42) being provided with a drainage system (44) to allow drained water to exit; a wastewater and oil-residue tank (9, 13, 15) configured to collect rejected oil and waste; and an oil-exhaust fan (24) configured to expel odor during oil-purchasing operation; wherein the processing unit (1) is configured to:inspect incoming used cooking oil via the oil-quality sensor (21) to determine oil quality data including at minimum: temperature, moisture, acidity, and color spectrum characteristics; classify the inspected oil against a predefined quality threshold to determine whether the oil is acceptable for collection or must be rejected; upon acceptance, activate the used-oil pump (8) to transfer oil from the receiving tank (5) to the refined storage tank (12); calculate a purchase price based on oil weight measured by the weighing sensor (46) and display the amount on the display screen (5); dispense payment via the integrated payment unit; and transmit all transaction data to the cloud platform layer via the Wi-Fi / GSM module (23).

2.

2. The system of claim 1, wherein the predefined quality threshold comprises SAF- grade (Sustainable Aviation Fuel feedstock) specifications including free fatty acid content, moisture content, and contamination parameters, whereby oil meeting said threshold is classified as SAF-grade feedstock and oil not meeting said threshold is directed to the wastewater and oil-residue tank (9).

3.

3. The system of claim 1, wherein the processing unit (1) is further configured to transmit real-time transaction data including oil volume, quality parameters, GPS location, and timestamp to the cloud platform layer, enabling carbon credit calculation based on verified UCO collection volume in accordance with applicable carbon accounting methodologies.

4.

4. The system of claim 1, wherein the application layer (26) enables a buyer or seller to receive information via a wireless network from the server (24), and wherein communication is facilitated via a near-field communication (NFC) reading device (250) or smart handheld device.

5.

5. The system of claim 1, wherein the raw used cooking oil receiving tank (5) comprises an inner tank equipped with a motor-driven agitation shaft system (45) for continuous mixing of received oil, and wherein the oil-quality sensor (21) is positioned above the receiving tank (5) to ensure gravitational flow of oil past the sensor for more accurate quality readings.

6.

6. The system of claim 1, wherein the motor-driven waste filter (42) is arranged in front of the raw used cooking oil receiving tank (5) such that when the motor (39) rotates, oil moves from right to left or from left to right to be discharged into the oil-waste tank, which stores oil waste and is installed under the raw used cooking oil receiving tank (5).

7.

7. The system of claim 1, wherein the waste filter (42) installed in front of the raw used cooking oil receiving tank (5) is provided with a drainage system (44)configured to allow drained water to exit after used oil has been suctioned from the receiving area.

8.

8. The system of claim 1, further comprising a load cell (46) installed at the lower part of the cabinet (30), wherein the processing unit (1) is configured to read the used-oil weight through the load cell (46) before transferring weight data to the display screen (5) for accuracy.

9.

9. The system of claim 1, wherein the water tank (7) is equipped with a water-level sensor (16) for measuring remaining water volume and transmitting data to the display screen (25) for efficient operation.

10.

10. The system of claim 1, wherein the refined used cooking oil storage tank (12) is equipped with an oil-level sensor (17) or an oil-quality sensor (18) configured to measure the volume and quality of oil inside the storage tank (12) and transmit data to the display screen (25) for efficient operation.

11.

11. The system of claim 1, wherein the wastewater and oil-residue tank (15) is equipped with a system to filter water before being discharged into a wastewater storage tank, and a water-level sensor to measure water volume and transmit data to the display screen (25) for efficient operation.

12.

12. The system of claim 1, wherein the raw used cooking oil storage container (22) is located above the receiving tank (5) to increase efficiency in quality inspection of the used oil by the oil -quality sensor (21), ensuring more accurate quality readings.

13.

13. The system of claim 1, wherein the oil-quality sensor (21) inspects the quality of the used oil before sending data to the display screen (25) and displaying results together with details of the used oil, and wherein the oil-quality sensor (21) processes captured spectral data through a signal processing module (24) to quantify image characteristics including spectrum, transmittance, and color to form a used cooking oil recycling quality indicator.

14.

14. A method of operating a smart loT-based used cooking oil collection and exchange machine, comprising: receiving used cooking oil from a seller into a raw used cooking oil receiving tank (5) of a machine cabinet (30) through a motor-driven waste filter (42); inspecting the received used cooking oil via an oil-quality sensor (21) operating within a four-layer loT architecture comprising an edge layer, a local network layer, a cloud platform layer, and an API layer; classifying the inspected oil against a predefined quality threshold to generate an accept / reject decision;if accepted: activating a motor-driven pump to transfer oil from the raw receiving tank (5) to a refined used cooking oil storage tank (12) that is physically independent from the raw receiving tank (5); calculating a purchase price based on oil weight measured by a load cell (46) and displaying results on a display screen (5); dispensing payment to the seller via an integrated cash dispensing unit housed within the same cabinet (30); optionally dispensing new vegetable oil products to the seller via an integrated vegetable oil dispensing unit (2) housed within the same cabinet (30); and transmitting all transaction data including oil volume, quality parameters, and timestamp to the cloud platform layer via a Wi-Fi / GSM module (23) for remote monitoring and management.

15.

15. The method of claim 14, further comprising: aggregating transaction data from a plurality of machine transactions over a measurement period; calculating a carbon emission reduction value based on verified UCO collection volume and an applicable emission factor; and generating a verified carbon credit record in the cloud platform layer for submission to a carbon registry or trading platform.

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