Filter assembly for battery pack and battery pack with filter assembly
A multi-stage filter system for battery packs addresses thermal runaway events by filtering out particles and gases, ensuring safe exhaust gas flow and preventing explosions.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- MANN HUMMEL GMBH
- Filing Date
- 2024-12-12
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-18
AI Technical Summary
Existing battery packs face challenges in safely managing thermal runaway events, as they emit toxic gases, solid particles, and liquid contents, which can damage filters and pose safety risks to passengers and the environment.
A multi-stage filter system comprising a first filter assembly for large particles, a second centrifugal filter assembly for liquid and solid separation, and a third filter assembly for gas absorption, ensuring reliable filtration and prevention of blockages during thermal runaway events.
The system effectively filters out particles and absorbs harmful gases, maintaining unobstructed gas flow and ensuring passenger safety by preventing battery pack explosions.
Smart Images

Figure CN2024138688_18062026_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
Filter Assembly for Battery Pack and Battery Pack with Filter AssemblyTECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] Embodiments relate to a battery pack, and more specifically a filter system for a battery pack.BACKGROUND ART
[0002] The battery cells may be used to store electrical energy for future use, such as in electric vehicles or stationary energy storage systems. Chemistries of rechargeable battery cells and / or other external factors may cause battery cells to generate significant amounts of thermal energy. Exposure of a battery cell to elevated temperatures over prolonged periods may cause the battery cell to experience a thermal event. The battery cells may be arranged in series or in parallel to generate a battery pack or a battery module.
[0003] At present, with the increasing number of electric vehicles with high energy density of battery packs and more and more prolonged service life thereof, thermal runaway events of battery packs occur from time to time. Battery thermal runaway events will emit a large number of toxic and harmful gases, thus affecting the safety of passengers and people around the electric vehicle, and polluting the environment. Especially when an air conditioner of the electric vehicle is turned on, the harmful gases discharged are also easy to be sucked into the passenger compartment to cause physical discomfort of the passenger in the electric vehicle, thus affecting the passenger's ability to escape from the thermal runaway electric vehicle.
[0004] In addition, solid particles or liquid contents are often contained in the gas discharged during thermal runaway events. Since the gas pressure is very high, it is difficult to filter such solid particles or liquid contents out of the gas, excessive gas pressure will damage the filter device and even causes the battery pack to burst.
[0005] To this end, it is desirable to develop a filter system for a battery pack that can reliably remove solid particles, liquid contents and harmful gases from the discharged gas during thermal runaway event.SUMMARY
[0006] An object of the present disclosure is to provide a filter system for a battery pack that can reliably remove solid particles, liquid contents and harmful gases from the discharged gas during thermal runaway event.
[0007] In one aspect, a filter system for a battery pack is provided. The filter system may comprise: a housing, the housing is provided with an inlet for receiving gas discharged during thermal runaway event of the battery pack, and an outlet for discharging final filtered gas; a first filter assembly disposed in the housing adjacent to the inlet and configured to filter out relatively large particles from the gas to generate primary filtered gas; a second centrifugal filter assembly disposed in the housing downstream of the first filter assembly and configured to centrifugally filter out liquid contents and particles remaining in the primary filtered gas, to generate secondary filtered gas; and a third filter assembly disposed in the housing downstream of the second centrifugal filter assembly and configured to filter out remaining particles from the secondary filtered gas and to absorb harmful gas, to generate the final filtered gas.
[0008] The first filter assembly may comprise a first filter element and a second filter element disposed downstream of the first filter element, the first filter element may include first meshes with a first mesh size and the second filter element may include second meshes with a second mesh size, the second mesh size is less than the first mesh size.
[0009] The first filter element and the second filter element may be filter screens.
[0010] The second centrifugal filter assembly may comprise at least one centrifugal filter device, each centrifugal filter device comprising a centrifugal accelerating body with an upper opening and a cap plate for closing the upper opening, the centrifugal accelerating body is provided with an inlet hole tangentially extending through side wall of the centrifugal accelerating body, the cap plate is provided with an outlet opening.
[0011] The centrifugal accelerating body may be of cylindrical shape with a tapered bottom end configured to collect separated liquid contents and particles.
[0012] The at least one centrifugal filter device may comprise a plurality of centrifugal filter devices disposed in series.
[0013] The third filter assembly may comprise at least one filter bellow with a pleated filter medium, and the pleated filter medium may comprise absorbent for absorbing harmful gas.
[0014] The housing may have a rectangular shape in a horizontal cross-section including a first side, an opposite second side, a third side extending between the first side and the second side, and a fourth side extending between the first side and the second side opposite to the third side, a corner at which the first side and the third side intersect with each other is cut away to form a first rectangular portion and a second rectangular portion, width of the first rectangular portion (is less than width of the second rectangular portion.
[0015] The inlet may be located in the first side, the outlet may be located in the third side, the first filter assembly may be disposed in the first rectangular portion, the second centrifugal filter assembly may be at least partly disposed in the first rectangular portion, and the third filter assembly may be disposed in the second rectangular portion adjacent to the third side.
[0016] The third filter assembly may not overlap with the first filter assembly and the second centrifugal filter assembly, when seen in an inflow direction of the gas.
[0017] In another aspect, a battery pack is provided. The battery pack may comprise: at least one battery cell; an explosion-proof venting valve device; and the filter system as mentioned above, the filter system is disposed in an exhaust passage of the explosion-proof venting valve device.
[0018] By means of the multi-stage filtration of the filter system, particles of different sizes, liquid and / or harmful gas can be reliably filtered out or absorbed, and the larger particles can be intercepted in the first filter assembly of the filter system to prevent from blocking the third filter assembly, resulting in unobstructed exhaust gas flow during thermal runaway event, and then avoiding explosion of the battery pack.
[0019] By means of the filter system, the number, area, and mesh size of the filter screens in the first filter assembly can be flexibly adjusted according to the different volume of exhaust gas caused by the type of different battery packs, the quantity, nature, and size of the particles contained in the exhaust gas.
[0020] By means of the second centrifugal filter assembly, solid particles or liquid contents contained in the gas discharged during thermal runaway event can be reliably filtered out.
[0021] By means of the third filter assembly, harmful gases contained in the gas discharged during thermal runaway event can be reliably absorbed, thus ensuring safety of the passenger in the thermal runaway electric vehicle.
[0022] By means of layout of the first filter assembly, the second centrifugal filter assembly and the third filter assembly, the exhaust gas flow in higher velocity will directly flow into the first filter assembly and the second centrifugal filter assembly, thus facilitating the centrifugal separation of the second centrifugal filter assembly. In contrast, the exhaust gas flow in higher velocity will not directly impinge on the third filter assembly, instead, it will change in direction and slow in velocity before entering the third filter assembly, thus protecting the third filter assembly for finer filtration.
[0023] Further areas of applicability of the present disclosure will become apparent from the detailed description, the claims and the drawings. The detailed description and specific examples are intended for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the disclosure.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0024] The present disclosure will become more fully understood from the detailed description and the accompanying drawings.
[0025] Fig. 1 is a schematic exploded perspective view of a filter system according to embodiments.
[0026] Fig. 2 is a schematic sectional view of a filter system according to embodiments, showing section lines B-B, C-C, D-D, E-E, and F-F.
[0027] Fig. 3 is a schematic sectional view of the filter system of Fig. 2 taken along section line B-B, showing details of a part of a first filter element of a first filter assembly.
[0028] Fig. 4 is a schematic sectional view of the filter system of Fig. 2 taken along section line C-C, showing details of a second centrifugal filter assembly.
[0029] Fig. 5 is a schematic sectional view of the filter system of Fig. 2 taken along section line D-D, showing details of a part of a second filter element of the first filter assembly.
[0030] Fig. 6 is a schematic sectional view of the filter system of Fig. 2 taken along section line E-E, showing details of a part of a third filter assembly.
[0031] Fig. 7 is a schematic sectional view of the filter system of Fig. 2 taken along section line F-F, showing layout of the first filter assembly, the second centrifugal filter assembly and the third filter assembly.DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS
[0032] The following description is merely exemplary in nature and is not intended to limit the present disclosure, application, or uses. It should be understood that throughout the drawings, corresponding reference numerals indicate like or corresponding parts and features. Additionally, the drawings are generally schematic and not necessarily to scale. Some features may be exaggerated or minimized to show details of particular components. Therefore, specific structural and functional details disclosed herein are not to be interpreted as limiting, but merely as a representative basis for teaching one skilled in the art to variously employ the present disclosure.
[0033] Certain terminology may be used in the following description for the purpose of reference only, and thus are not intended to be limiting. For example, terms such as “above” and “below” refer to directions in the drawings to which reference is made. Terms such as “front” , “back” , “fore” , “aft” , “left” , “right” , “rear” , “side” , “upward” , “downward” , “horizontal” , “vertical” , “top” , and “bottom” , etc., describe the orientation and / or location of portions of the components or elements within a consistent but arbitrary frame of reference, which is made clear by reference to the text and the associated drawings describing the components or elements under discussion.
[0034] Furthermore, terms such as “first” , “second” , “third” , and so on may be used to describe separate components. Such terminologies are used descriptively for the figures, and do not represent limitations on the scope of the disclosure, as defined by the appended claims.
[0035] As used herein, the term “downstream” or "upstream" may be used to indicate a direction with regard to a gas flow direction.
[0036] Refer now to the drawings, wherein like reference numbers refer to like features throughout the several views. Fig. 1 is a schematic exploded perspective view of a filter system 100 according to embodiments. Fig. 2 is a schematic sectional view of a filter system 100 according to embodiments, showing section lines B-B, C-C, D-D, E-E, and F-F.
[0037] According to one example, a filter system 100 for a battery pack is provided. According to one example, the filter system 100 may comprise a housing 10. The housing 10 is provided with an inlet for receiving gas 20 discharged during thermal runaway event of the battery pack, and an outlet 5 for discharging final filtered gas 23.
[0038] According to one example, the filter system 100 may further comprise a first filter assembly 2. The first filter assembly 2 is disposed in the housing 10 adjacent to the inlet 1 and configured to filter out relatively large particles from the gas to generate primary filtered gas 21.
[0039] According to one example, the filter system 100 may further comprise a second centrifugal filter assembly 3. The second centrifugal filter assembly 3 is disposed in the housing 10 downstream of the first filter assembly 2 and configured to centrifugally filter out liquid contents and particles remaining in the primary filtered gas 21, to generate secondary filtered gas 22.
[0040] According to one example, the filter system 100 may further comprise a third filter assembly 4. The third filter assembly 4 is disposed in the housing 10 downstream of the second centrifugal filter assembly 3 and configured to filter out remaining particles from the secondary filtered gas 22 and to absorb harmful gas, to generate the final filtered gas 23. As understood by those skilled in the art, the filter system 100 may further comprise any other suitable components, such as a controller and / or sensors, without departing the scope of the disclosure.
[0041] According to one example, the first filter assembly 2 may comprise a first filter element 2.1 and a second filter element 2.2 disposed downstream of the first filter element 2.1. The first filter element 2.1 includes first meshes 2.1.1 with a first mesh size and the second filter element 2.2 includes second meshes 2.2.1 with a second mesh size, the second mesh size is less than the first mesh size. As understood by those skilled in the art, the first filter assembly 2 may comprise any other suitable number of filter elements, such as 3, 4, etc., without departing the scope of the disclosure.
[0042] According to one example, the first filter element 2.1 and the second filter element 2.2 may be filter screens. As understood by those skilled in the art, the first filter element 2.1 and the second filter element 2.2 may be any other suitable type of filter elements, such as pleated filter bellows, without departing the scope of the disclosure.
[0043] By means of the multi-stage filtration of the filter system 100, particles of different sizes, liquid and / or harmful gas can be reliably filtered out or absorbed, and the larger particles can be intercepted in the first filter assembly 2 of the filter system to prevent from blocking the third filter assembly 4, resulting in unobstructed exhaust gas flow during thermal runaway event, and then avoiding explosion of the battery pack.
[0044] Fig. 3 is a schematic sectional view of the filter system of Fig. 2 taken along section line B-B, showing details of a part of a first filter element 2.1 of a first filter assembly 2. Fig. 5 is a schematic sectional view of the filter system of Fig. 2 taken along section line D-D, showing details of a part of a second filter element 2.2 of the first filter assembly 2.
[0045] According to one example, the first meshes 2.1.1 of the first filter element 2.1 may be elongated shaped, such as rectangular, oval. As understood by those skilled in the art, the first meshes 2.1.1 of the first filter element 2.1 may be of any other suitable shape, such as circular, square, etc., without departing the scope of the disclosure. According to one example, the second meshes 2.2.1 of the second filter element 2.2 may be square. As understood by those skilled in the art, the second meshes 2.2.1 of the second filter element 2.2 may be of any other suitable shape, such as circular, rectangular, etc., without departing the scope of the disclosure.
[0046] By means of the filter system, the number, area, and mesh size of the filter screens in the first filter assembly 2 can be flexibly adjusted according to the different volume of exhaust gas caused by the type of different battery packs, the quantity, nature, and size of the particles contained in the exhaust gas 20.
[0047] Fig. 4 is a schematic sectional view of the filter system of Fig. 2 taken along section line C-C, showing details of a second centrifugal filter assembly 3. According to one example, the second centrifugal filter assembly 3 may comprise at least one centrifugal filter device. Each centrifugal filter device may comprise a centrifugal accelerating body 3.2 with an upper opening 3.5 and a cap plate 3.4 for closing the upper opening 3.5. The centrifugal accelerating body 3.2 is provided with an inlet hole 3.1 tangentially extending through side wall of the centrifugal accelerating body 3.2. The cap plate 3.4 may be provided with an outlet opening 3.3.
[0048] According to one example, the centrifugal accelerating body 3.2 may be of cylindrical shape with a tapered bottom end configured to collect separated liquid contents and particles. As understood by those skilled in the art, the centrifugal accelerating body 3.2 may be of any other suitable shape, without departing the scope of the disclosure.
[0049] According to one example, the at least one centrifugal filter device 3 may comprise a plurality of centrifugal filter devices disposed in series. According to one example, the at least one centrifugal filter device 3 may comprise three centrifugal filter devices. As understood by those skilled in the art, the at least one centrifugal filter device 3 may comprise any other suitable number of centrifugal filter devices, such as 2, 4, 5, etc., without departing the scope of the disclosure.
[0050] By means of the second centrifugal filter assembly 3, solid particles or liquid contents contained in the gas 20 discharged during thermal runaway event can be reliably filtered out.
[0051] Fig. 6 is a schematic sectional view of the filter system of Fig. 2 taken along section line E-E, showing details of a part of a third filter assembly 4. According to one example, the third filter assembly 4 may comprise at least one filter bellow with a pleated filter medium, and the pleated filter medium comprises absorbent for absorbing harmful gas. As understood by those skilled in the art, the third filter assembly 4 may comprise any other suitable type of filter devices, without departing the scope of the disclosure. In addition, the third filter assembly 4 may comprise any suitable number of filter devices, without departing the scope of the disclosure.
[0052] By means of the third filter assembly 4, harmful gases contained in the gas discharged during thermal runaway event can be reliably absorbed, thus ensuring safety of the passenger in the thermal runaway electric vehicle.
[0053] Fig. 7 is a schematic sectional view of the filter system 100 of Fig. 2 taken along section line F-F, showing layout of the first filter assembly 2, the second centrifugal filter assembly 3 and the third filter assembly 4. According to one example, the housing 10 has a rectangular shape in a horizontal cross-section including a first side 13, an opposite second side 14, a third side 15 extending between the first side 13 and the second side 14, and a fourth side 16 extending between the first side 13 and the second side 14 opposite to the third side 15, a corner at which the first side 13 and the third side 15 intersect with each other is cut away to form a first rectangular portion 11 and a second rectangular portion 12, width of the first rectangular portion 11 is less than width of the second rectangular portion 12. According to one example, the inlet 1 is located in the first side 13,the outlet 5 is located in the third side 15, the first filter assembly 2 is disposed in the first rectangular portion 11, the second centrifugal filter assembly 3 is at least partly disposed in the first rectangular portion 11, and the third filter assembly 4 is disposed in the second rectangular portion 12 adjacent to the third side 15. According to one example, the third filter assembly 4 may not overlap with the first filter assembly 2 and the second centrifugal filter assembly 3, when seen in an inflow direction of the gas 20.
[0054] A battery pack is also provided. The battery pack may comprise: at least one battery cell; an explosion-proof venting valve device; and the filter system 100 which is disposed in an exhaust passage of the explosion-proof venting valve device.
[0055] By means of layout of the first filter assembly 2, the second centrifugal filter assembly 3 and the third filter assembly 4, the exhaust gas flow in higher velocity will directly flow into the first filter assembly 2 and the second centrifugal filter assembly 3, thus facilitating the centrifugal separation of the second centrifugal filter assembly 3. In contrast, the exhaust gas flow in higher velocity will not directly impinge on the third filter assembly 4, instead, it will change in direction and slow in velocity before entering the third filter assembly 4, thus protecting the third filter assembly 4 for finer filtration.
[0056] Now, operation of the filter system 100 is described. Gas 20 is discharged from the battery pack during thermal runaway event, and enters the inlet 1. Then, the gas 20 flows through the first filter assembly 2, such as the first filter element 2.1 and the second filter element 2.2. The first filter element 2.1 and the second filter element 2.2 filter out relatively large particles from the gas 20 to generate primary filtered gas 21. The primary filtered gas 21 then flows into second centrifugal filter assembly 3. The primary filtered gas 21 flows into respective centrifugal filter device via respective inlet hole 3.1, then be accelerated by the centrifugal accelerating body 3.2, thus generating a large centrifugal force on the primary filtered gas 21. liquid contents and particles remaining in the primary filtered gas 21 are centrifugally separated, and are collected in the bottom of the centrifugal accelerating body 3.2. The secondary filtered gas 22 flows out of the centrifugal accelerating body 3.2 via the outlet opening 3.3. The secondary filtered gas 22 changes in direction and slows in velocity, and then flows into the third filter assembly 4. The third filter assembly 4 filters out remaining particles from the secondary filtered gas 22 and to absorb harmful gas, to generate the final filtered gas 23. The final filtered gas 23 is discharged via outlet 5.
[0057] Aspects of the present disclosure have been described in detail with reference to the illustrated embodiments; those skilled in the art will recognize, however, that many modifications may be made thereto without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. The present disclosure is not limited to the precise construction and compositions disclosed herein; any and all modifications, changes, and variations apparent from the foregoing descriptions are within the scope of the disclosure as defined by the appended claims. Moreover, the present concepts expressly include any and all combinations and subcombinations of the preceding elements and features.
Claims
1.A filter system (100) for a battery pack, comprising:a housing (10) , the housing (10) is provided with an inlet (1) for receiving gas (20) discharged during thermal runaway event of the battery pack, and an outlet (5) for discharging final filtered gas (23) ;a first filter assembly (2) disposed in the housing (10) adjacent to the inlet (1) and configured to filter out relatively large particles from the gas to generate primary filtered gas (21) ;a second centrifugal filter assembly (3) disposed in the housing (10) downstream of the first filter assembly (2) and configured to centrifugally filter out liquid contents and particles remaining in the primary filtered gas (21) , to generate secondary filtered gas (22) ; anda third filter assembly (4) disposed in the housing (10) downstream of the second centrifugal filter assembly (3) and configured to filter out remaining particles from the secondary filtered gas (22) and to absorb harmful gas, to generate the final filtered gas (23) .2.The filter system (100) according to claim 1, wherein the first filter assembly (2) comprises a first filter element (2.1) and a second filter element (2.2) disposed downstream of the first filter element (2.1) , the first filter element (2.1) includes first meshes (2.1.1) with a first mesh size and the second filter element (2.2) includes second meshes (2.2.1) with a second mesh size, the second mesh size is less than the first mesh size.3.The filter system (100) according to claim 2, wherein the first filter element (2.1) and the second filter element (2.2) are filter screens.4.The filter system (100) according to claim 1, wherein the second centrifugal filter assembly (3) comprises at least one centrifugal filter device, each centrifugal filter device comprising a centrifugal accelerating body (3.2) with an upper opening (3.5) and a cap plate (3.4) for closing the upper opening (3.5) , the centrifugal accelerating body (3.2) is provided with an inlet hole (3.1) tangentially extending through side wall of the centrifugal accelerating body (3.2) , the cap plate (3.4) is provided with an outlet opening (3.3) .5.The filter system (100) according to claim 4, wherein the centrifugal accelerating body (3.2) is of cylindrical shape with a tapered bottom end configured to collect separated liquid contents and particles.6.The filter system (100) according to claim 5, wherein the at least one centrifugal filter device comprises a plurality of centrifugal filter devices disposed in series.7.The filter system (100) according to claim 1, wherein the third filter assembly (4) comprises at least one filter bellow with a pleated filter medium, and the pleated filter medium comprises absorbent for absorbing harmful gas.8.The filter system (100) according to claim 1, wherein the housing (10) has a rectangular shape in a horizontal cross-section including a first side (13) , an opposite second side (14) , a third side (15) extending between the first side (13) and the second side (14) , and a fourth side (16) extending between the first side (13) and the second side (14) opposite to the third side (15) , a corner at which the first side (13) and the third side (15) intersect with each other is cut away to form a first rectangular portion (11) and a second rectangular portion (12) , width of the first rectangular portion (11) is less than width of the second rectangular portion (12) ;wherein the inlet (1) is located in the first side (13) , the outlet (5) is located in the third side (15) , the first filter assembly (2) is disposed in the first rectangular portion (11) , the second centrifugal filter assembly (3) is at least partly disposed in the first rectangular portion (11) , and the third filter assembly (4) is disposed in the second rectangular portion (12) adjacent to the third side (15) .9.The filter system (100) according to claim 8, wherein the third filter assembly (4) does not overlap with the first filter assembly (2) and the second centrifugal filter assembly (3) , when seen in an inflow direction of the gas (20) .10.A battery pack, comprising:at least one battery cell;an explosion-proof venting valve device; andthe filter system (100) according to claim 1 which is disposed in an exhaust passage of the explosion-proof venting valve device.