Lithium / carbon fluoride battery

Abstract

Disclosed in the present application is a lithium / carbon fluoride battery. The battery comprises a positive electrode sheet, a negative electrode sheet and an electrolyte, wherein the positive electrode sheet comprises a positive electrode active material layer comprising a positive electrode active material, the positive electrode active material comprising a carbon fluoride material; and the electrolyte comprises additives, and the additives comprise a first additive and a second additive, with the first additive comprising a double-bond silane compound. The general chemical formula of the double-bond silane compound is R1 bSiaR2 2a+2-b, wherein a is an integer of 1-2, b is an integer of 1-6, R1 is at least one of vinyl, propenyl and butenyl, and R2 is at least one of methyl, ethyl and butyl.

Description

A lithium fluoride carbon battery

[0001] This application claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 2024118151404, filed on December 10, 2024, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0002] This application relates to the field of battery technology, and in particular to a lithium fluoride carbon battery. Background Technology

[0003] Li / CFx batteries are currently the type of lithium battery with the highest energy density. Compared with other primary batteries, the theoretical specific energy of Li / CFx batteries can reach up to 2180Wh / kg. At the same time, Li / CFx batteries also have the characteristics of stable discharge voltage, high safety, and environmental friendliness. They are particularly suitable as power sources for instruments and equipment used in unmanned or enclosed environments, such as missile ignition systems, underwater electronic detectors, radio transmitters, and pacemakers.

[0004] However, some unstable carbon-fluorine bonds exist in the fluorinated carbon active material of Li / CFx batteries. During high temperature or long-term storage, these unstable carbon-fluorine bonds will undergo homolytic or heterolytic cleavage to form carbon free radicals, fluorine free radicals, or carbocations and fluoride ions. These bonds have high chemical activity, which will cause electrolyte decomposition and lead to rapid capacity decay of the battery, which will greatly affect the storage stability of Li / CFx batteries. Technical issues

[0005] Currently, the main method to improve the stability of fluorinated carbon in electrolytes is to coat the surface of the fluorinated carbon with a coating layer. This coating layer prevents direct contact between the fluorinated carbon and the electrolyte, thereby mitigating side reactions and improving the storage stability of Li / CFx batteries. However, the preparation process of coated fluorinated carbon is complex, costly, and not conducive to large-scale production. Furthermore, it not only reduces the conductivity of the fluorinated carbon material but also fails to fundamentally address the issue of side reactions between the fluorinated carbon and the electrolyte. Technical solutions

[0006] This application provides a lithium fluoride carbon battery, including a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and an electrolyte;

[0007] The positive electrode sheet includes a positive electrode active material layer containing a positive electrode active material, wherein the positive electrode active material includes a fluorinated carbon material.

[0008] The electrolyte includes additives, which include a first additive and a second additive.

[0009] The first additive comprises a double-bonded silane compound, the general chemical formula of which is R. 1 b Si a R 2 2a+2-b Where a is an integer from 1 to 2, b is an integer from 1 to 6, and R 1 R is at least one of vinyl, propenyl, and butenyl. 2 It is at least one of methyl, ethyl, and butyl;

[0010] The second additive is a borate ester additive. Beneficial effects

[0011] This application introduces a first additive and a second additive into the electrolyte. The double-bonded silane in the first additive can undergo free radical polymerization or ionic polymerization under the action of carbocations / carbon free radicals, thereby forming a passivation layer on the positive electrode surface. This passivation layer can block the contact between the electrolyte and fluorinated carbon, and at the same time, it can also form a stable passivation layer on the lithium metal surface, inhibiting the decomposition of the electrolyte at both the positive and negative electrodes, thus significantly improving the stability of the fluorinated carbon and the negative electrode. Meanwhile, the borate ester in the second additive, which has electron-deficient properties, can complex with the free fluorine generated by the decomposition of carbon-fluorine bonds in the fluorinated carbon material, thereby helping to improve the stability of the electrolyte and the stability of the fluorinated carbon. Furthermore, the borate ester in the second additive can improve the conductivity of the electrolyte, promote the capacity of the fluorinated carbon, and improve the interface characteristics of the electrode / electrolyte. All of these contribute to improving the storage stability of lithium fluorinated carbon batteries, and eliminate the need for coating the fluorinated carbon material, allowing the fluorinated carbon material to still exhibit good conductivity.

[0012] Therefore, this application effectively improves the stability of the positive and negative electrodes and electrolyte through the synergistic effect of silanes containing alkenyl double bonds and silanes containing alkoxy groups, thereby improving the long-term and high-temperature storage stability of lithium fluoride batteries. Attached Figure Description

[0013] Figure 1 shows the discharge curves of the lithium battery before and after storage in Example 1.

[0014] Figure 2 shows the discharge curves of the lithium battery in Comparative Example 1 before and after storage. Embodiments of the present invention

[0015] The terms "include" and "contain" as used in this article cover both cases where only the mentioned elements exist and cases where other unmentioned elements exist in addition to the mentioned elements.

[0016] All percentages in this application are weight percentages unless otherwise stated.

[0017] Unless otherwise stated, the terms “a,” “an,” “an,” and “the” as used in this specification are intended to include “at least one” or “one or more.” For example, “a component” refers to one or more components, and therefore more than one component may be considered and may be employed or used in the implementation of the described embodiments.

[0018] In some embodiments, the first additive includes at least one of vinyltrimethylsilane, vinyltriethylsilane, divinyltetramethyldisilane, divinyldimethylsilane, divinyldipropylsilane, trivinylmethylsilane, trivinylethylsilane, tetravinylsilane, and tetraallylsilane.

[0019] In some embodiments, the second additive includes at least one selected from trimethyl borate, triethyl borate, tripropyl borate, tributyl borate, tri(trimethylsilyl)borate, tri(triethylsilyl) borate, tri(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl) borate, tri(hexafluoroisopropyl)borate, triphenylborate, tri(pentafluorophenyl) borate, tripropynyl borate, (di-n-butyl)(vinyl)borate, and (di-n-butyl)(propynyl)borate.

[0020] In some embodiments, the additive accounts for 0.1%-10% of the mass of the electrolyte.

[0021] By controlling the mass percentage of additives in the electrolyte to meet the aforementioned range, the stability of the electrolyte can be improved, the interfacial characteristics of the electrode / electrolyte can be enhanced, and the storage stability of lithium-carbon fluoride batteries can be improved while ensuring the full utilization of the fluoride capacity. If the mass percentage of additives in the electrolyte is too low, it will not improve the stability of the electrolyte and fluoride, which will be detrimental to the improvement of the storage performance of lithium-carbon fluoride batteries. If the mass percentage of additives in the electrolyte is too high, it will adversely affect the formation of the fluoride film. Excessive additive content may alter the structure and properties of the fluoride film, affecting its uniformity, stability, or functionality, which is also detrimental to the improvement of the storage performance of lithium-carbon fluoride batteries.

[0022] In some embodiments, the first additive has a mass percentage of 0.1%-10% in the electrolyte; the second additive has a mass percentage of 0.1%-5% in the electrolyte.

[0023] In some embodiments, the first additive has a mass percentage of 0.1%-5% in the electrolyte; the second additive has a mass percentage of 0.1%-2% in the electrolyte.

[0024] By controlling the mass ratio of the first additive and the second additive in the electrolyte, their combined effect not only strengthens the protective effect of the passivation layer on the positive and negative electrodes, preventing their decomposition in the electrolyte, but also improves the stability of the electrolyte, contributing to the stability of the electrode / electrolyte interface and significantly enhancing the high-temperature storage stability of lithium fluorocarbon batteries. Maintaining the proportions of the first and second additives within the aforementioned range avoids the adverse effects of excessive first additive dosage on electrolyte turbidity, which could lead to increased impedance in lithium fluorocarbon batteries, and also prevents excessive second additive dosage from corroding the lithium negative electrode.

[0025] In some embodiments, the electrolyte further includes an organic solvent and a lithium salt.

[0026] In some embodiments, the lithium salt includes at least one of lithium perchlorate, lithium hexafluorophosphate, lithium tetrafluoroborate, lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide, lithium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide, lithium trifluoromethanesulfonate, lithium bis(oxalateborate), or bis(fluorooxalateborate); the concentration of the lithium salt in the electrolyte is 0.5-2 mol / L.

[0027] By introducing lithium salts into the electrolyte, the loss of active lithium during the cycling process of lithium fluoride carbon batteries can be compensated, and the ion conductivity of the electrolyte can be increased, thereby promoting the utilization of the fluoride carbon capacity and improving the interface characteristics of the electrode / electrolyte.

[0028] In some embodiments, the organic solvent includes at least one of ethylene glycol dimethyl ether, ethylene carbonate, propylene carbonate, dimethyl carbonate, diethyl carbonate, methyl ethyl carbonate, and galactone.

[0029] The organic solvents in this application can promote lithium salt dissolution, optimize the overall composition of the electrolyte, improve the conductivity of the electrolyte, and reduce polarization.

[0030] In some embodiments, the positive electrode fluorinated carbon material includes at least one of fluorinated graphite, fluorinated hard carbon material, and fluorinated soft carbon material.

[0031] In some embodiments, the compaction density of the positive electrode sheet is 1.23-1.29 g / cm³. 3 The porosity of the positive electrode is 48%-52%.

[0032] By controlling the compaction density and porosity of the positive electrode, it is helpful to improve the ion conduction rate, increase the insertion and extraction rate of lithium ions at the positive electrode, and facilitate the utilization of the capacity of carbon fluoride.

[0033] In some embodiments, the total thickness of the positive electrode active material layer is 98-102 μm.

[0034] In some embodiments, the negative electrode comprises a lithium-containing material.

[0035] In some embodiments, the negative electrode comprises a lithium sheet with a thickness of 47-53 μm.

[0036] Example 1

[0037] 1. Electrolyte preparation

[0038] In an argon-filled glove box, propylene carbonate (PC) and dimethyl ethylene glycol (DME) were mixed evenly at a mass ratio of 1:1. Then, lithium salt (lithium perchlorate, LiClO4), a first additive (tetravinylsilane), and a second additive (trimethyl borate) were added and stirred evenly to obtain an electrolyte. The concentration of LiClO4 was 1 mol / L, the content of tetravinylsilane was 1 wt%, and the content of trimethyl borate was 0.5 wt%.

[0039] 2. Preparation of fluorinated carbon cathode sheet

[0040] Fluorinated carbon active material (fluorinated graphite), conductive agent (carbon black) and binder (polyvinylidene fluoride) are mixed in a mass ratio of 87:8:5 to prepare a positive electrode slurry with a viscosity of 12000cp.

[0041] The above-mentioned positive electrode slurry was coated once onto side A of the carbon-coated aluminum foil, and then coated once onto side B of the carbon-coated aluminum foil; resulting in a positive electrode with a loading of 120 g / m². 2 After coating, the material was dried at 100℃ and rolled to obtain a compacted density of 1.23 g / cm³. 3 A positive electrode sheet with a porosity of 52% and a total thickness of 98μm of the positive electrode active material layer is cut or die-cut into the corresponding size to obtain a fluorinated carbon positive electrode sheet.

[0042] 3. Preparation of negative electrode sheet

[0043] The lithium strip is cut into the corresponding size to obtain a lithium sheet with a thickness of 47μm, which is used as the negative electrode.

[0044] 4. Preparation of lithium-ion fluoride carbon batteries

[0045] The above-mentioned fluorinated carbon positive electrode, lithium metal negative electrode and separator are assembled into a battery cell, and the above-mentioned electrolyte is injected into the battery cell with an injection coefficient of 1.3g / Ah. After sealing, a lithium fluorinated carbon battery is obtained.

[0046] Figure 1 shows the discharge curves of the lithium fluoride battery before and after storage in this embodiment.

[0047] Example 2

[0048] 1. Electrolyte preparation

[0049] In an argon-filled glove box, 1,4-butyrolactone (GBL) and dimethyl ethylene glycol (DME) were mixed evenly at a mass ratio of 1:1. Lithium salt (LiBF4), first additive (divinyldimethylsilane), and second additive (triphenylboronic acid ester) were then added and stirred evenly to obtain an electrolyte. The concentration of LiBF4 was 1 mol / L, the content of divinyldimethylsilane was 2 wt%, and the content of triphenylboronic acid ester was 1 wt%.

[0050] 2. Preparation of fluorinated carbon cathode sheet

[0051] Fluorinated carbon active material (fluorinated hard carbon), conductive agent (conductive carbon black) and binder (polyvinylidene fluoride) are mixed in a mass ratio of 87:8:5 to prepare a positive electrode slurry with a viscosity of 12000cp.

[0052] The above-mentioned positive electrode slurry was coated once onto side A of the carbon-coated aluminum foil, and then coated once onto side B of the carbon-coated aluminum foil; resulting in a positive electrode with a loading of 120 g / m². 2 After coating, the material was dried at 100℃ and rolled to obtain a compacted density of 1.29 g / cm³. 3 A positive electrode sheet with a porosity of 48% and a total thickness of 102 μm of positive electrode active material layer is cut or die-cut into the corresponding size to obtain a fluorinated carbon positive electrode sheet.

[0053] 3. Preparation of negative electrode sheet

[0054] The lithium strip is cut into the corresponding size to obtain a lithium sheet with a thickness of 53μm, which is used as the negative electrode.

[0055] 4. Preparation of lithium-ion fluoride carbon batteries

[0056] The above-mentioned fluorinated carbon positive electrode, lithium metal negative electrode and separator are assembled into a battery cell, the above-mentioned electrolyte is injected into the battery cell with an injection coefficient of 1.0 g / Ah, and the cell is sealed to obtain a lithium fluorinated carbon battery.

[0057] Example 3

[0058] 1. Electrolyte preparation

[0059] In an argon-filled glove box, propylene carbonate (PC) and dimethyl ethylene glycol (DME) were mixed evenly at a mass ratio of 1:1. Lithium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide (LiFSi), lithium perchlorate (LiClO4), a first additive (trivinylmethylsilane), and a second additive (tris(trimethylsilyl)boronic acid ester) were then added and stirred evenly to obtain an electrolyte. The concentration of LiFSi was 0.8 mol / L, the concentration of LiClO4 was 0.5 mol / L, the content of trivinylmethylsilane was 2 wt%, and the content of tris(trimethylsilyl)boronic acid ester was 1.5 wt%.

[0060] 2. Preparation of fluorinated carbon cathode sheet

[0061] Fluorinated carbon active material (fluorinated soft carbon), conductive agent (conductive carbon black) and binder (polyvinylidene fluoride) are mixed in a mass ratio of 87:8:5 to prepare a positive electrode slurry with a viscosity of 12000cp.

[0062] The above-mentioned positive electrode slurry was coated once onto side A of the carbon-coated aluminum foil, and then coated once onto side B of the carbon-coated aluminum foil; resulting in a positive electrode with a loading of 120 g / m². 2 After coating, the material was dried at 100℃ and rolled to obtain a compacted density of 1.26 g / cm³. 3 A positive electrode sheet with a porosity of 50% and a total thickness of 100μm for the positive electrode active material layer is cut or die-cut into the corresponding size to obtain a fluorinated carbon positive electrode sheet.

[0063] 3. Preparation of negative electrode sheet

[0064] The lithium strip is cut into the corresponding size to obtain a lithium sheet with a thickness of 50μm, which is used as the negative electrode.

[0065] 4. Preparation of lithium-ion fluoride carbon batteries

[0066] The above-mentioned fluorinated carbon positive electrode, lithium metal negative electrode and separator are assembled into a cell, and the above-mentioned electrolyte is injected into the cell with an injection coefficient of 1.1 g / Ah. After sealing, a lithium fluorinated carbon battery is obtained.

[0067] Example 4

[0068] The difference between this embodiment and Example 1 is that the first additive in the electrolyte is trivinylethylsilane, and the second additive is tris(hexafluoroisopropyl)borate. The content of trivinylethylsilane is 1.5wt%, and the content of tris(hexafluoroisopropyl)borate is 0.5wt%. All other steps and parameter settings are consistent with those in Example 1.

[0069] Example 5

[0070] The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that the first additive in the electrolyte is divinyldimethylsilane, and the second additive is tri(triethylsilane) borate; the content of divinyldimethylsilane is 7wt%, and the content of tri(triethylsilane) borate is 3wt%; other steps and parameter settings are consistent with Embodiment 1.

[0071] Example 6

[0072] The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that the content of the first additive in the electrolyte, tetravinylsilane, is changed from 1 wt% to 0.03 wt%; all other steps and parameter settings are the same as in Embodiment 1.

[0073] Example 7

[0074] The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that the content of the first additive in the electrolyte, tetravinylsilane, is changed from 1 wt% to 3 wt%; all other steps and parameter settings are consistent with Embodiment 1.

[0075] Example 8

[0076] The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that the content of the second additive in the electrolyte, trimethyl borate, is changed from 0.5wt% to 0.05wt%; all other steps and parameter settings are consistent with Embodiment 1.

[0077] Example 9

[0078] The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that the content of the second additive in the electrolyte, trimethyl borate, is changed from 0.5wt% to 2wt%; all other steps and parameter settings are the same as in Embodiment 1.

[0079] Comparative Example 1

[0080] The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that the electrolyte does not contain the first additive and the second additive; all other steps and parameter settings are consistent with Example 1.

[0081] Figure 2 shows the discharge curves of the lithium fluoride carbon battery before and after storage in this comparative example.

[0082] Comparative Example 2

[0083] The difference between this comparative example and Example 2 is that the electrolyte does not contain the first additive and the second additive; all other steps and parameter settings are the same as in Example 2.

[0084] Comparative Example 3

[0085] The difference between this comparative example and Example 3 is that the electrolyte does not contain the first additive and the second additive; all other steps and parameter settings are consistent with Example 3.

[0086] Comparative Example 4

[0087] The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that an equal weight of the first additive is used instead of the second additive, and the electrolyte contains only the first additive; all other steps and parameter settings are consistent with Example 1.

[0088] Comparative Example 5

[0089] The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that an equal weight of the second additive is used instead of the first additive, and the electrolyte contains only the second additive; all other steps and parameter settings are consistent with Example 1.

[0090] Test methods

[0091] I. Storage Stability Test

[0092] Storage stability tests were performed on the lithium fluoride carbon batteries in the above embodiments and comparative examples. The specific test methods are as follows: (1) At room temperature, the lithium / fluoride carbon batteries were discharged at 0.01C with a discharge cutoff voltage of 1.5V. The discharge capacity and internal resistance R1 of the new battery were recorded. (2) After storing the new lithium fluoride carbon batteries in an oven at 70°C for 1 month, the discharge capacity and internal resistance R2 of the batteries after high-temperature storage were tested and recorded under the above conditions.

[0093] Discharge capacity retention rate = (Discharge capacity of the battery after high-temperature storage / Discharge capacity of the new battery) × 100%;

[0094] Internal resistance growth rate = (internal resistance after storage R2 - internal resistance before storage R1) / internal resistance before storage R1 × 100%;

[0095] Table 1

[0096] Serial Number | Battery Discharge Capacity Retention Rate (%) After Storage | Battery Internal Resistance Growth Rate (%) After Storage | Example 1 | 99.3 | 8.7 | Example 2 | 97.2 | 12.3 | Example 3 | 98.6 | 15.1 | Example 4 | 97.8 | 14.3 | Example 5 | 98.6 | 20.3 | Example 6 | 98.5 | 30.5 | Example 7 | 98.7 | 15.8 | Example 8 | 98.2 | 18.4 | Example 9 | 97.4 | 25.1 | Comparative Example 1 | 94.3 | 75.3 | Comparative Example 2 | 92.3 | 102.8 | Comparative Example 3 | 93.6 | 95.6 | Comparative Example 4 | 94.8 | 60.3 | Comparative Example 5 | 95.2 | 40.8

[0097] Combined with Examples 1-3, Comparative Examples 1, 4-5, and Table 1, it can be seen that by adding the first additive and the second additive to the electrolyte, double-bonded silane can form a stable and dense passivation layer on the surface of the fluorinated carbon positive electrode active material and metallic lithium, isolating the electrolyte from contact with the fluorinated carbon positive electrode active material and the negative electrode lithium sheet. Meanwhile, borate ester can complex free fluorine in the electrolyte, thereby improving the stability of the electrolyte. The combination of the two can improve the interface characteristics of the electrode / electrolyte, thereby significantly improving the storage stability of lithium fluorinated carbon batteries, enabling lithium fluorinated carbon batteries to maintain a high capacity retention rate and a low internal resistance growth rate after long-term storage at high temperatures.

[0098] Based on Examples 1-3, Comparative Examples 1-3, and Table 1, it can be seen that the combination of the first additive and the second additive can improve the storage stability of fluorinated graphite, fluorinated hard carbon, and fluorinated soft carbon batteries. The solution provided in this application is universally applicable to lithium fluorinated carbon batteries using different fluorinated carbon materials.

[0099] Combining Examples 1, Examples 4-5 and Table 1, it can be seen that the combined use of different vinyl silane additives and borate ester additives can improve the storage stability of lithium fluorocarbons.

[0100] Based on Examples 1, 6-7, and Table 1, it can be seen that the content of the first additive in the electrolyte has a significant impact on the storage stability of the battery cell. When the content of the first additive is low, it cannot effectively passivate lithium metal, nor can it work in conjunction with the second additive to improve the stability of the electrode-electrode liquid interface, resulting in a slight decrease in the capacity retention rate of the lithium fluoride battery after long-term storage at high temperatures. When the content of the first additive is too high, the turbidity of the electrolyte increases, which significantly increases the cell impedance, resulting in a significant decrease in the capacity retention rate of the lithium fluoride battery after long-term storage at high temperatures.

[0101] Based on Examples 1 and 8-9 and Table 1, it can be seen that the content of the second additive in the electrolyte has a significant impact on the storage stability of the battery cell. When the content of the second additive is too low, it is impossible to remove the free fluorine generated by the fluorinated carbon material during storage in the electrolyte, resulting in limited improvement in the storage stability of the battery cell and a slight decrease in the capacity retention rate of the lithium fluorinated carbon battery after long-term storage at high temperatures. When the content of the second additive is too high, the alkoxysilane in the second additive will corrode the metallic lithium, leading to a decrease in the storage stability of the battery cell and a significant decrease in the capacity retention rate of the lithium fluorinated carbon battery after long-term storage at high temperatures. In summary, the combined use of vinylsilane and borate ester significantly improves the storage stability of lithium fluorinated carbon batteries.

Claims

1. A lithium fluoride carbon battery, comprising a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and an electrolyte; The positive electrode sheet includes a positive electrode active material layer containing a positive electrode active material, wherein the positive electrode active material includes a fluorinated carbon material. The electrolyte includes additives, which include a first additive and a second additive. The first additive comprises a double-bonded silane compound, the general chemical formula of which is R. 1 b Si a R 2 2a+2-b ;in, a is an integer from 1 to 2, b is an integer from 1 to 6, and R 1 R is at least one of vinyl, propenyl, and butenyl. 2 It is at least one of methyl, ethyl, and butyl; The second additive is a borate ester additive.

2. The lithium fluoride carbon battery according to claim 1, wherein: The first additive includes at least one of vinyltrimethylsilane, vinyltriethylsilane, divinyltetramethyldisilane, divinyldimethylsilane, divinyldipropylsilane, trivinylmethylsilane, trivinylethylsilane, tetravinylsilane, and tetraallylsilane.

3. The lithium fluoride carbon battery according to claim 1, wherein: The second additive includes at least one of trimethyl borate, triethyl borate, tripropyl borate, tributyl borate, tri(trimethylsilyl)borate, tri(triethylsilyl) borate, tri(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl) borate, tri(hexafluoroisopropyl)borate, triphenylborate, tri(pentafluorophenyl) borate, tripropynyl borate, (di-n-butyl)(vinyl)borate, and (di-n-butyl)(propynyl)borate.

4. The lithium fluoride carbon battery according to claim 1, wherein: The additive accounts for 0.1%-10% of the mass of the electrolyte.

5. The lithium fluoride carbon battery according to claim 1, wherein: The first additive has a mass percentage of 0.1%-10% in the electrolyte; the second additive has a mass percentage of 0.1%-5% in the electrolyte.

6. The lithium fluoride carbon battery according to claim 1, wherein: The electrolyte also includes organic solvents and lithium salts.

7. The lithium fluoride carbon battery according to claim 6, wherein: The lithium salt includes at least one of lithium perchlorate, lithium hexafluorophosphate, lithium tetrafluoroborate, lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide, lithium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide, lithium trifluoromethanesulfonate, lithium bis(oxalateborate)borate, or bis(fluorooxalateborate). The concentration of the lithium salt in the electrolyte is 0.5-2 mol / L; 8. The lithium fluoride carbon battery according to claim 6, wherein: The organic solvent includes at least one of ethylene glycol dimethyl ether, ethylene carbonate, propylene carbonate, dimethyl carbonate, diethyl carbonate, methyl ethyl carbonate, and galactinol.

9. The lithium fluoride carbon battery according to claim 1, wherein: The positive electrode fluorinated carbon material includes at least one of fluorinated graphite, fluorinated hard carbon material, and fluorinated soft carbon material.

10. The lithium fluoride carbon battery according to claim 1, wherein: The compaction density of the positive electrode sheet is 1.23-1.29 g / cm³. 3 The porosity of the positive electrode is 48%-52%.

11. The lithium fluoride carbon battery according to claim 1, wherein: The total thickness of the positive electrode active material layer is 98-102 μm.

12. The lithium fluoride carbon battery according to any one of claims 1-11, wherein: The negative electrode includes a lithium-containing material.

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