Electrostatic electroacoustic transducer

Abstract

The present disclosure provides a flexible electrostatic electroacoustic transducer having a pair of opposing conductive layers and a dielectric layer disposed between the pair of opposing conductive layers, wherein the dielectric layer has a Young's modulus of 0 to 0.3 GPa and a thickness of 0 to 500 μm.

Description

Electrostatic electroacoustic transducer 【0001】 This disclosure relates to an electrostatic electroacoustic transducer. 【0002】 Conventionally, flexible electrostatic electroacoustic transducers are known as one type of acoustic device. Flexible electrostatic electroacoustic transducers generally have a dielectric layer and a pair of conductive layers arranged opposite each other on both sides of the dielectric layer. By applying an electrical signal to the pair of conductive layers, the dielectric layer and the conductive layers vibrate together to generate sound waves. By using thin, flexible materials for the dielectric layer and the conductive layer, the electrostatic electroacoustic transducer as a whole can be made flexible. 【0003】 For example, Patent Document 1 describes an electrostatic speaker characterized by comprising: a vibrating membrane made of a thin film member; a conductive, acoustically transparent planar electrode positioned opposite the vibrating membrane; and a buffer member positioned between the vibrating membrane and the planar electrode, formed by including a material that is at least opposite the vibrating membrane in the triboelectric series. 【0004】 Japanese Patent Publication No. 2012-182684 【0005】 The present disclosure aims to provide, in one embodiment, a flexible electrostatic electroacoustic transducer capable of generating sound waves with low noise generation and excellent sound quality. 【0006】Examples of embodiments of the present disclosure are listed below: [1] A flexible electrostatic electroacoustic transducer having a pair of opposing conductive layers and a dielectric layer disposed between the pair of opposing conductive layers, wherein the Young's modulus of the dielectric layer is greater than 0 GPa and 0.3 GPa or less, and the thickness is greater than 0 μm and 500 μm or less. [2] The electrostatic electroacoustic transducer according to item 1, wherein the conductive layers and the dielectric layer are made of different materials on the triboelectric series. [3] The electrostatic electroacoustic transducer according to item 1 or 2, wherein the electrostatic force of the dielectric layer is -3 kV or less. [4] The electrostatic electroacoustic transducer according to any one of items 1 to 3, wherein the electrostatic force of the dielectric layer is -5 kV or less. [5] The electrostatic electroacoustic transducer according to any one of items 1 to 4, wherein the dielectric layer is made of at least one material selected from the group consisting of silicone, fluororesin, polyolefin, and rubber. [6] The electrostatic electroacoustic transducer according to any one of items 1 to 5, wherein the dielectric layer is made of silicone. [7] The electrostatic electroacoustic transducer according to any one of items 1 to 6, wherein the conductive layer is a fibrous structure containing conductive fibers, or a fibrous structure having a conductive material-containing layer disposed on one or both sides. [8] The electrostatic electroacoustic transducer according to any one of items 1 to 7, wherein the conductive layer has a conductive material-containing layer disposed on one or both sides, and the conductive material-containing layer is formed by plating. [9] The electrostatic electroacoustic transducer according to any one of items 1 to 8, wherein one or both of the opposing pair of conductive layers and the dielectric layer are discretely joined to each other.

[10] The electrostatic electroacoustic transducer according to item 9, wherein the bonding area between each layer is greater than 0% and less than or equal to 70% based on the area where the conductive layer and the dielectric layer face each other.

[11] The electrostatic electroacoustic transducer according to item 10, wherein the bonding area is 20% or more.

[12] The electrostatic electroacoustic transducer according to any one of items 9 to 11, wherein the peel strength of the bond is 0.05 N or more.

[13] The electrostatic electroacoustic transducer according to any one of items 9 to 12, wherein the joint is formed by a stripe-shaped joint region, and the shortest distance between adjacent joint regions is 5 mm or more.

[14] The electrostatic electroacoustic transducer according to any one of items 9 to 13, wherein the bonding is by adhesive and / or tack, and the thickness of the bonding layer formed by the adhesive and / or tack interposed between the conductive layer and the dielectric layer is 5 μm or less.

[15] The electrostatic electroacoustic transducer according to any one of items 9 to 13, wherein the bonding is by sewing.

[16] The electrostatic electroacoustic transducer according to any one of items 1 to 15, wherein the thickness of the dielectric layer is 0.1 μm or more and 300 μm or less, and the sheet resistance of the conductive layer is greater than 5 Ω / □.

[17] The electrostatic electroacoustic transducer according to item 16, wherein the sheet resistance of the conductive layer is 500 Ω / □ or less.

[18] The thickness of the dielectric layer is 0.1 μm or more and 300 μm or less, the sheet resistance of the conductive layer is greater than 0 Ω / □ and 5 Ω / □ or less, and the basis weight of the conductive layer is 30 g / m. ２ Above, 300g / m ２ The electrostatic electroacoustic converter according to any one of the following items 1 to 17:

[19] The electrostatic electroacoustic converter according to any one of the following items 1 to 18, wherein the ratio of the Young's modulus of the dielectric layer to the Young's modulus of the conductive layer (Young's modulus of the dielectric layer / Young's modulus of the conductive layer) is 2 or less.

[20] The electrostatic electroacoustic converter according to any one of the following items 1 to 19, wherein the dielectric breakdown voltage of the dielectric layer is 3 kV or more.

[21] The electrostatic electroacoustic converter according to any one of the following items 1 to 20, wherein the melting point of the dielectric layer is 100°C or higher. 【0007】Examples of other embodiments of the present disclosure are listed below: [1] A flexible electrostatic electroacoustic transducer having a pair of opposing conductive layers and a dielectric layer disposed between the pair of opposing conductive layers, wherein one or both of the pair of opposing conductive layers and the dielectric layer are discretely joined to each other. [2] The electrostatic electroacoustic transducer according to item 1, wherein the bonding area between each layer is greater than 0% and 70% or less, based on the area where the conductive layers and the dielectric layer face each other. [3] The electrostatic electroacoustic transducer according to item 1 or 2, wherein the bonding area is 20% or more. [4] The electrostatic electroacoustic transducer according to any one of items 1 to 3, wherein the peel strength of the bonding is 0.05 N or more. [5] The electrostatic electroacoustic transducer according to any one of items 1 to 4, wherein the discrete bonding has at least one pattern selected from the group consisting of dots, stripes, grids and combinations thereof. [6] The electrostatic electroacoustic transducer according to any one of items 1 to 5, wherein the bonding is adhesive and / or tacky. [7] The discrete joining is a sewing, as described in any one of items 1 to 5, an electrostatic electroacoustic transducer. 【0008】Examples of other embodiments of the present disclosure are listed below: [1] A flexible electrostatic electroacoustic transducer having a pair of opposing conductive layers and a dielectric layer disposed between the pair of opposing conductive layers, wherein the thickness of the dielectric layer is 0.1 μm or more and 300 μm or less, and the sheet resistance of the conductive layer is greater than 5 Ω / □. [2] The electrostatic electroacoustic transducer according to item 1, wherein the sheet resistance of the conductive layer is 500 Ω / □ or less. [3] The electrostatic electroacoustic transducer according to item 1 or 2, wherein the Young's modulus of the dielectric layer is greater than 0 GPa and 0.3 GPa or less. [4] The electrostatic electroacoustic transducer according to any one of items 1 to 3, wherein the conductive layer and the dielectric layer are made of different materials on the triboelectric series. [5] The electrostatic electroacoustic transducer according to any one of items 1 to 4, wherein the electrostatic force of the dielectric layer is -3 kV or less. [6] The electrostatic electroacoustic transducer according to any one of items 1 to 5, wherein the electrostatic force of the dielectric layer is -5 kV or less. [7] The electrostatic electroacoustic transducer according to any one of items 1 to 6, wherein the dielectric layer is composed of at least one material selected from the group consisting of silicone, fluororesin, polyolefin, and rubber. [8] The electrostatic electroacoustic transducer according to any one of items 1 to 7, wherein the dielectric layer is composed of silicone. [9] The electrostatic electroacoustic transducer according to any one of items 1 to 8, wherein the conductive layer is a fibrous structure containing conductive fibers, or a fibrous structure having a conductive material-containing layer disposed on one or both sides.

[10] The electrostatic electroacoustic transducer according to any one of items 1 to 9, wherein the conductive layer has a conductive material-containing layer disposed on one or both sides, and the conductive material-containing layer is composed of plating.

[11] The electrostatic electroacoustic transducer according to any one of items 1 to 10, wherein one or both of the pair of conductive layers and the dielectric layer are joined to each other at least in part.

[12] The electrostatic electroacoustic converter according to any one of items 1 to 11, wherein the ratio of the Young's modulus of the dielectric layer to the Young's modulus of the conductive layer (Young's modulus of the dielectric layer / Young's modulus of the conductive layer) is 1 or less.

[13] The electrostatic electroacoustic converter according to any one of items 1 to 12, wherein the dielectric breakdown voltage of the dielectric layer is 3 kV or more.

[14] The electrostatic electroacoustic transducer according to any one of items 1 to 13, wherein the melting point of the dielectric layer is 100°C or higher. 【0009】Examples of other embodiments of the present disclosure are listed below: [1] A flexible electrostatic electroacoustic transducer having a pair of opposing conductive layers and a dielectric layer disposed between the pair of opposing conductive layers, wherein the thickness of the dielectric layer is 0.1 μm or more and 300 μm or less, the sheet resistance of the conductive layer is greater than 0 Ω / □ and 5 Ω / □ or less, and the basis weight of the conductive layer is 30 g / m² or more and 300 g / m² or less. [2] The electrostatic electroacoustic transducer according to item 1, wherein the Young's modulus of the dielectric layer is greater than 0 GPa and 0.3 GPa or less. [3] The electrostatic electroacoustic transducer according to item 1 or 2, wherein the conductive layer and the dielectric layer are made of different materials on the triboelectric series. [4] The electrostatic electroacoustic transducer according to any one of items 1 to 3, wherein the electrostatic force of the dielectric layer is -3 kV or less. [5] The electrostatic electroacoustic transducer according to any one of items 1 to 4, wherein the electrostatic force of the dielectric layer is -5 kV or less. [6] The electrostatic electroacoustic transducer according to any one of items 1 to 5, wherein the dielectric layer is composed of at least one material selected from the group consisting of silicone, fluororesin, polyolefin, and rubber. [7] The electrostatic electroacoustic transducer according to any one of items 1 to 6, wherein the dielectric layer is composed of silicone. [8] The electrostatic electroacoustic transducer according to any one of items 1 to 7, wherein the conductive layer is a fibrous structure containing conductive fibers, or a fibrous structure having a conductive material-containing layer disposed on one or both sides. [9] The electrostatic electroacoustic transducer according to any one of items 1 to 8, wherein the conductive layer has a conductive material-containing layer disposed on one or both sides, and the conductive material-containing layer is composed of plating.

[10] The electrostatic electroacoustic transducer according to any one of items 1 to 9, wherein one or both of the pair of conductive layers and the dielectric layer are joined to each other at least in part.

[11] The electrostatic electroacoustic converter according to any one of items 1 to 10, wherein the ratio of the Young's modulus of the dielectric layer to the Young's modulus of the conductive layer (Young's modulus of the dielectric layer / Young's modulus of the conductive layer) is 1 or less.

[12] The electrostatic electroacoustic converter according to any one of items 1 to 11, wherein the dielectric breakdown voltage of the dielectric layer is 3 kV or more.

[13] The electrostatic electroacoustic transducer according to any one of items 1 to 12, wherein the melting point of the dielectric layer is 100°C or higher. 【0010】 According to this disclosure, it is possible to provide a flexible electrostatic electroacoustic transducer that can generate sound waves with low noise generation and excellent sound quality. 【0011】 Figure 1 is a schematic diagram showing a preferred laminated structure of the electrostatic electroacoustic transducer of the present disclosure. Figure 2 is a schematic diagram showing the junction shape of the electrostatic electroacoustic transducer in Example 2-1. Figure 3 is a schematic diagram showing the junction shape of the electrostatic electroacoustic transducer in Example 2-2. Figure 4 is a schematic diagram showing the junction shape of the electrostatic electroacoustic transducer in Example 2-3. Figure 5 is a schematic diagram showing the junction shape of the electrostatic electroacoustic transducer in Example 2-4. Figure 6 is a schematic diagram showing the junction shape of the electrostatic electroacoustic transducer in Example 2-5. Figure 7 is a schematic diagram showing the junction shape of the electrostatic electroacoustic transducer in Example 2-6. Figure 8 is a schematic diagram showing the junction shape of the electrostatic electroacoustic transducer in Example 2-8. 【0012】 The embodiments of this disclosure will be described in detail below, but this disclosure is not limited to the embodiments described below. The upper and lower limits in each numerical range of the embodiments described below can be arbitrarily combined to form any numerical range. 【0013】《Electrostatic Electroacoustic Transducer》 <First Embodiment> The electrostatic electroacoustic transducer of this disclosure is a flexible electrostatic electroacoustic transducer having a pair of opposing conductive layers and a dielectric layer disposed between the pair of opposing conductive layers. By applying a voltage to the pair of conductive layers, the dielectric layer becomes charged, and an electrostatic force (Coulomb force) can be generated between the dielectric layer and the conductive layer. Then, by applying an electrical signal to the pair of conductive layers, the attractive or repulsive force due to the electrostatic force changes, and the dielectric layer and the conductive layer vibrate together to generate sound waves. In this disclosure, "sound waves" are not limited to sounds that can be heard by humans, but include sound waves and ultrasound. The applications are not limited, but when the electrostatic electroacoustic transducer emits sound waves that can be heard by humans, it can be used for music / voice playback, communication, notification, and alarms, etc. When it generates ultrasound, it can be used for detection (sonar), measurement, diagnosis, treatment, and pest control (insect repellent), etc. 【0014】 The electrostatic electroacoustic transducer described herein is flexible. The degree of flexibility is not limited, but the rigidity of the electrostatic electroacoustic transducer as a whole, as measured according to JIS L1096:2010, Method A (45° cantilever method), is preferably 300 mm or less. By using relatively thin and flexible materials for the conductive layer, dielectric layer, and optional spacer layer and sealing layer that constitute the electrostatic electroacoustic transducer, the electrostatic electroacoustic transducer as a whole can be made flexible. Because the electrostatic electroacoustic transducer is flexible, it can be made in a small space and conform to any shape, thus offering a very high degree of design freedom. In addition, the sound waves generated from a flexible electrostatic electroacoustic transducer are close to plane waves and have high directivity. Therefore, flexible electrostatic electroacoustic transducers can be suitably used, for example, on surfaces in spaces such as inside vehicles and rooms, as well as on clothing and accessories. More specifically, flexible electrostatic electroacoustic transducers can be attached to the flat and curved surfaces of various items, such as car seats, front pillars, dashboards, sun visors, ceilings, door panels, and floors; interior walls, floors, ceiling columns, and curtains; and the surface of clothing, such as the inside of a hood. 【0015】<Dielectric Layer> The dielectric layer can be charged and vibrated by applying voltage and electrical signals, thereby generating sound waves. The dielectric layer is preferably a sheet or film of a non-conductive material. 【0016】 The Young's modulus of the dielectric layer is greater than 0 GPa and less than or equal to 0.3 GPa, and its thickness is greater than 0 μm and less than or equal to 500 μm. Although not limited to theory, if the dielectric layer is hard and thick, it is thought that it will not be able to follow the changes in electrostatic force caused by the input electrical signal, and noise such as harmonics and distortions other than the target frequency will increase. On the other hand, in the electrostatic electroacoustic transducer of this disclosure, since the dielectric layer is made of an extremely soft and thin material as described above, the dielectric layer is able to move easily and is thought to be able to vibrate appropriately in response to the target frequency. Therefore, according to this disclosure, noise, such as harmonics and distortions, can be suppressed, and an electrostatic electroacoustic transducer with excellent sound quality can be provided. By suppressing noise, sound pressure is concentrated at the target frequency, so it is thought that the sound pressure at the target frequency can be increased. Furthermore, the softer and thinner the dielectric layer, the greater the flexibility of the electrostatic electroacoustic transducer as a whole. 【0017】 The lower limit of the Young's modulus of the dielectric layer is greater than 0 GPa, for example, 0.0001 GPa or more, or 0.001 GPa or more. The upper limit of the Young's modulus of the dielectric layer, which can be arbitrarily combined with these lower limits, is 0.30 GPa or less, preferably 0.25 GPa or less, more preferably 0.20 GPa or less, even more preferably 0.10 GPa or less, 0.05 GPa or less, or 0.01 GPa or less. 【0018】 The lower limit of the dielectric layer thickness is greater than 0 μm, for example, 1 μm or more, 5 μm or more, 10 μm or more, or 20 μm or more. The upper limit of the dielectric layer thickness, which can be arbitrarily combined with these lower limits, is 500 μm or less, preferably 400 μm or less, more preferably 300 μm or less, even more preferably 200 μm or less, or 100 μm or less. 【0019】It is preferable that the conductive layer and the dielectric layer be made of different materials on the triboelectric series. In an electrostatic electroacoustic transducer, the dielectric layer becomes charged when a voltage is applied, and can vibrate by generating an electrostatic force (Coulomb force) between the dielectric layer and the conductive layer. At this time, if the conductive layer and the dielectric layer are made of different materials on the triboelectric series, the amount of charge in the dielectric layer becomes larger due to triboelectric charging caused by the vibration of the dielectric layer, and an effect similar to that obtained when a high potential is applied can be obtained, and the sound pressure can be increased. It is preferable that the conductive layer and the dielectric layer are made of materials that are far apart on the triboelectric series. The triboelectric series is a list of materials arranged in order of polarity, such as when polymer films or fibers are rubbed together and one becomes positively charged and the other becomes negatively charged. Known triboelectric series include Lehmicke's triboelectric series and J. Henniker's triboelectric series, and either triboelectric series may be used. If either the conductive layer or the dielectric layer, or both, are not clearly defined in terms of the triboelectric series, or if they are composite materials using two or more materials, then "different in terms of the triboelectric series" between the conductive layer and the dielectric layer means that when they rub against each other in an environment of 25°C and 40% RH, an imbalance occurs in the electrostatic force between the conductive layer and the dielectric layer. 【0020】 The electrostatic force of the dielectric layer, as measured by the measurement method described in the embodiments below, is preferably -3kV or less, more preferably -4kV or less, even more preferably -5kV or less, -6kV or less, -7kV or less, or -8kV or less. As mentioned above, softer dielectric layers improve sound quality, but they are more susceptible to attenuation, which can lower sound pressure. In this respect, a dielectric layer that is soft and has an electrostatic force (charge amount) of -3kV or less is particularly preferable because it can improve sound quality while increasing sound pressure. The lower limit of the electrostatic force (charge amount) of the dielectric layer, which can be arbitrarily combined with these upper limits, is not limited, but may be -20kV or more. 【0021】The dielectric breakdown voltage of the dielectric layer is preferably 3 kV or higher, more preferably 5 kV or higher. A higher dielectric breakdown voltage of the dielectric layer is preferable because it means a wider range of voltages that can be applied is possible. This is also preferable because it prevents electric shock due to leakage current from the conductive layer to the outside. The upper limit of the dielectric breakdown voltage of the dielectric layer, which can be arbitrarily combined with these lower limits, is not limited but may be 20 kV or less. 【0022】 The melting point of the dielectric layer is preferably 100°C or higher, more preferably 150°C or higher, and even more preferably 200°C or higher. A higher melting point of the dielectric layer is preferable because it allows the performance of the electrostatic electroacoustic transducer to be maintained even in high-temperature environments. The upper limit of the melting point of the dielectric layer, which can be arbitrarily combined with these lower limits, is not limited, but may be 500°C or lower. 【0023】The material of the dielectric layer is not particularly limited as long as the thickness and Young's modulus of the dielectric layer can be adjusted within the above ranges. As the material of the dielectric layer, preferably, at least one selected from the group consisting of silicone, fluororesin, polyolefin, and rubber can be mentioned. These materials can easily adjust the thickness, Young's modulus, and electrostatic force (charge amount) of the dielectric layer within the above ranges. Examples of the fluororesin include tetrafluoroethylene resin (PTFE), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), polyvinyl fluoride (PVF), tetrafluoroethylene-hexafluoropropylene copolymer (FEP), and ethylene tetrafluoroethylene (ETFE). As the polyolefin, preferably, a polyolefin having an olefin with 2 to 10 or 2 to 5 carbon atoms, substituted or unsubstituted, linear or branched as a unit molecule, such as polyethylene, polypropylene, and polybutylene, can be mentioned. Examples of the rubber include natural rubber or synthetic rubber, such as nitrile rubber, butadiene rubber, styrene rubber, chloroprene rubber, acrylic rubber, and urethane rubber. As the material constituting the dielectric layer, silicone is more preferable. Silicone can more easily adjust the breakdown voltage and melting point within the above ranges in addition to the thickness, Young's modulus, and electrostatic force (charge amount) of the dielectric layer. The material of the dielectric layer may be used alone or in combination of two or more. The form of the dielectric layer is not particularly limited, but it may be sandwiched between the conductive layers in the form of a sheet, or the molten above material may be directly applied and sandwiched on one or both sides of a pair of conductive layers. 【0024】 〈Conductive layer〉The conductive layer is not particularly limited as long as a voltage can be applied to the dielectric layer. For example, the conductive layer can be a fiber structure containing conductive fibers or a fiber structure having a conductive material-containing layer disposed on one or both sides. Examples of the form of the fiber structure include woven fabric, knitted fabric, and non-woven fabric, and preferably non-woven fabric. Since the conductive layer is non-woven fabric, it is less likely to fray from the ends or the like, and short-circuit defects are suppressed. 【0025】Examples of conductive fibers include metal fibers, metal-coated fibers, conductive polymer-containing fibers, and carbon fibers. Examples of metal components in metal fibers and metal-coated fibers include metals such as gold, platinum, silver, copper, nickel, chromium, iron, zinc, aluminum, tungsten, stainless steel, titanium, magnesium, tin, vanadium, cobalt, molybdenum, and tantalum, as well as their alloys. As conductive fibers, fibers in which a metal film mainly composed of silver is formed on a chemical fiber are preferred from the viewpoint of conductivity and flexibility. Here, "main component" means the component that accounts for the largest mass percentage of the components constituting the metal film. Examples of conductive polymers include polyacetylene and polythiophene. Examples of carbon fibers include PAN-based carbon fibers, pitch-based carbon fibers, and carbon fibers spun from carbon nanotubes. Conductive fibers may be used individually or in combination of two or more. In addition, other fibers may be combined with the above conductive fibers. 【0026】 In a fibrous structure having a conductive material-containing layer, the conductive fibers listed above may be used, other fibers may be used, or a combination thereof may be used. Examples of fibers include synthetic fibers and natural fibers, such as polyester, polyamide, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinylidene chloride, polyvinyl chloride, polyacrylonitrile, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyurethane, aramid, cellulose, cotton, linen, wool, and silk. One of these fibers may be used alone, or two or more may be used in combination. 【0027】Examples of the conductive material in the conductive material-containing layer include metals, conductive polymers, carbon materials, etc. Examples of the metal component are the same components as those in metal fibers and metal-coated fibers, and a conductive material-containing layer mainly composed of at least one selected from the group consisting of copper, tin, nickel, aluminum, gold, silver, and zinc is preferable from the viewpoint of conductivity. Here, the "main component" means occupying the largest mass % among the components constituting the conductive material-containing layer. Examples of the conductive polymer include polyacetylene and polythiophene. Examples of the carbon material include carbon black, carbon nanotubes, and graphene. The conductive material may be used alone or in combination of two or more thereof. 【0028】 The conductive material-containing layer can be formed on one or both sides of the fiber structure. Examples of the method for forming the conductive material-containing layer include methods such as coating, plating, sputtering, and vapor deposition. It is more preferable that the conductive material-containing layer is constituted by plating (also referred to as a "plated layer"). Since the conductive material-containing layer is a plated layer, the resistance value of the conductive layer can be further reduced, and as a result, a larger sound pressure can be obtained. 【0029】 The Young's modulus of the conductive layer is not particularly limited, but from the viewpoint of flexibility, it is, for example, more than 0 GPa and 10 GPa or less. The lower limit value of the Young's modulus of the conductive layer is more than 0 GPa, for example, 0.1 GPa or more, 0.5 GPa or more, 1 GPa or more, or 2 GPa or more. The upper limit value of the Young's modulus of the conductive layer, which can be arbitrarily combined with these lower limit values, is 10 GPa or less, for example, 9 GPa or less, 8 GPa or less, 7 GPa or less, 6 GPa or less, or 5 GPa or less. 【0030】The ratio of the Young's modulus of the dielectric layer to the Young's modulus of the conductive layer (Young's modulus of the dielectric layer / Young's modulus of the conductive layer, hereinafter referred to as the "Young's modulus ratio") is preferably 2 or less. When the Young's modulus ratio is 2 or less, the conductive layer and the dielectric layer can vibrate together as a unit, and because the dielectric layer and the conductive layer do not come into contact with each other, noise such as harmonics and distortion is suppressed, and sound quality and sound pressure tend to improve. The upper limit of the Young's modulus ratio is more preferably 1 or less, even more preferably 0.9 or less, and even more preferably 0.5 or less, 0.2 or less, 0.1 or less, 0.07 or less, or 0.01 or less. The lower limit of the Young's modulus ratio, which can be arbitrarily combined with these upper limits, may be 0.001 or more, for example, 0.005 or more. 【0031】 The thickness of the conductive layer is not particularly limited, but from the viewpoint of flexibility and space saving, it may be, for example, 1 μm or more and 1000 μm or less. The lower limit of the thickness of the conductive layer is, for example, 1 μm or more, 5 μm or more, 10 μm or more, 50 μm or more, or 100 μm or more. The upper limit of the thickness of the conductive layer, which can be arbitrarily combined with these lower limits, is, for example, 1000 μm or less, 500 μm or less, 300 μm or less, 200 μm or less, or 100 μm or less. 【0032】<Joining of Dielectric Layer and Conductive Layer> Preferably, one or both of a pair of opposing conductive layers and the dielectric layer are discretely joined to each other. Thus, a "discrete" joining means a joining that includes two or more discontinuous joining regions and / or two or more discontinuous non-joining regions (hereinafter also referred to as a "discrete joining"), rather than a joining consisting of a single continuous joining region (hereinafter also referred to as a "continuous joining"). Although not limited to theory, conventionally, when an electrostatic electroacoustic transducer is deformed or when a frictional force is applied to its surface, the conductive layer and the dielectric layer are sometimes joined to each other in order to suppress the displacement of the conductive layer and the dielectric layer in the planar direction. However, the inventors of the present invention have found that when a continuous joining is made, for example, when the entire surface of a laminated conductive layer and dielectric layer is bonded, the joining hinders the vibration of the conductive layer and the dielectric layer, which tends to reduce sound pressure and / or generate noise (e.g., harmonics and distortion), resulting in a decrease in sound quality. In contrast, because the conductive layer and the dielectric layer are discretely joined to each other, they are in close contact, making it easier for electrostatic force (Coulomb force) to be generated. Furthermore, the joining does not hinder the vibration of the conductive and dielectric layers as much, which is thought to improve sound pressure and sound quality. This is surprising because, conventionally, the manner in which the conductive and dielectric layers are joined has not been considered in improving sound pressure and sound quality. 【0033】 Examples of discrete joining methods include sewing using non-conductive fibers, bonding using adhesives, and bonding using tacks. The adhesive is preferably a material that is fluid before joining and solidifies upon application, thereby joining the two materials. The tack is preferably a material that maintains a viscous, semi-solid state before and after joining, thereby joining the two materials. The joining method may be any one of these methods or a combination of two or more. 【0034】Examples of threads (fibers) used for sewing include synthetic fibers and natural fibers such as polyester, polyamide, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinylidene chloride, polyvinyl chloride, polyacrylonitrile, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyurethane, aramid, cellulose, cotton, linen, wool, and silk. More preferably, conductive fibers are used. These fibers may be used individually or in combination of two or more. 【0035】 Examples of adhesives used for bonding include thermoplastic resins and thermosetting resins, such as acrylic, vinyl acetate, polyvinyl acetal, vinyl chloride, polyester, polyamide, cellulose, olefin, styrene, urethane, epoxy, and silicone adhesives, with silicone and acrylic adhesives being more preferred. Similarly, examples of adhesives used for bonding include thermoplastic resins and thermosetting resins, such as acrylic, vinyl acetate, polyvinyl acetal, vinyl chloride, polyester, polyamide, cellulose, olefin, styrene, urethane, epoxy, and silicone adhesives, with silicone and acrylic adhesives being more preferred. Adhesives and adhesives may be used individually or in combination of two or more. 【0036】The shape of the discrete junctions can be any pattern, such as dots, stripes, grids, or combinations thereof. A dot may have a junction area where the dot portion is a junction area and the surrounding area is not, or it may have a non-junction area where the dot portion is not and the surrounding area is a junction area (a dot pattern where the junction / non-junction areas are reversed). Examples of dot shapes include circles, ellipses, and polygons. Examples of dot arrangements include triangular grids, square grids, and honeycomb grids. The diameter and spacing of the dots are arbitrary and may be constant or a combination of multiple diameters and spacings. Examples of stripe shapes include straight lines, waves, and triangular waves. The arrangement (orientation) of the stripes can be parallel, perpendicular, or at a predetermined angle to the transport direction of the dielectric and conductive layers in the manufacturing process, and multiple arrangements may be combined. The width and spacing of the stripes may be constant or a combination of multiple widths and spacings. It is preferable that the shortest distance (spacing) between adjacent junction areas be 5 mm or more, and more preferably 15 mm or more. The upper limit of the shortest distance (spacing) between bonding regions may be, for example, 500 mm or less, 200 mm or less, 100 mm or less, or 80 mm or less. Examples of lattice-like arrangements include triangular lattices, square lattices, and honeycomb lattices. The width and spacing of the lattice may be constant, or a combination of multiple widths and spacings may be used. The discrete bonding may consist of a single pattern across the entire region where the conductive layer and dielectric layer face each other, or it may consist of a combination of multiple patterns. 【0037】In this disclosure, the diameter of a dot refers to the diameter of the smallest circle (circumscribed circle) that circumscribes a dot, regardless of the shape of the dot. The spacing between dots refers to the distance between the centers of the circumscribed circles. The width of stripes and grids refers to the width of the joining area. The spacing between stripes and grids refers to the distance of the non-joining area. The diameter and spacing of the dots, and the width and spacing of the stripes and grids (hereinafter referred to as "pattern size") are not limited, but can be independently set to preferably 0.1 mm or more and 500 mm or less. The lower limit of the pattern size is more preferably 0.5 mm or more, 1 mm or more, or 5 mm or more. The upper limit of the joining area, which can be arbitrarily combined with these lower limits, is more preferably 200 mm or less, 100 mm or less, or 50 mm or less. 【0038】 From the viewpoint of improving sound pressure, it is preferable that the bonding area is greater than 0% and less than or equal to 70%, based on the area where the conductive layer and the dielectric layer face each other. This allows the conductive layer and the dielectric layer to adhere closely together, making it easier for electrostatic force (Coulomb force) to be generated, and the bonding interferes less with the vibration of the conductive layer and the dielectric layer, thus further improving sound pressure and sound quality. The lower limit of the bonding area is more preferably 5% or more, even more preferably 10% or more, even more preferably 15% or more, and particularly preferably 20% or more, 25% or more, or 30% or more. The upper limit of the bonding area, which can be arbitrarily combined with these lower limits, is more preferably 65% ​​or less, or 60% or less. 【0039】 In the case of sewing, the shape of the joint corresponds to a linear shape with a constant width corresponding to the thread width when the surface of the electrostatic electroacoustic transducer is observed from the front (viewpoint of arrow 10 in the figure). Therefore, discrete joints by sewing can be composed of a combination of two or more non-intersecting linear joint regions. Alternatively, discrete joints by sewing can be composed of a combination of a continuous joint region and two or more discontinuous non-joint regions (for example, a grid-like sewing). The joint area is calculated as the percentage of the area where the linear joint exists within the area where the conductive layer and the dielectric layer face each other. 【0040】In the case of adhesion, the shape of the joint corresponds to the shape of the area where the adhesive exists (adhesive region) when the surface of the electrostatic electroacoustic transducer is observed from the front (viewpoint of arrow 10 in the figure). Therefore, discrete bonding by adhesion can consist of a combination of two or more discontinuous adhesive regions. Alternatively, discrete bonding by adhesion can also consist of a combination of a continuous adhesive region and two or more discontinuous non-bonded regions (for example, a dot pattern in which the adhesive region / non-adhesive region is reversed). The bonding area is calculated as the percentage (%) of the total area of ​​the adhesive region occupying the area where the conductive layer and the dielectric layer face each other. The description in this paragraph also applies to tackiness, simply by replacing "adhesion" with "tackiness". 【0041】 One method of bonding is to apply an adhesive to the surface of the conductive layer and / or dielectric layer by any means, and then bond the conductive layer and the dielectric layer together. Methods for applying the adhesive include intaglio printing, spraying, casting, bar coating, and brushing. From the viewpoint of productivity, intaglio printing is preferred as the application method. In a preferred embodiment, the dielectric layer is in the form of a sheet or film, and the conductive layer is a fibrous structure, so if the adhesive is applied to the conductive layer first, the adhesive may penetrate the fibrous structure, making it difficult to bond it to the dielectric layer. Therefore, it is preferable to apply the adhesive to the dielectric layer first, and then bond it to the conductive layer. The description in the paragraph applies similarly when referring to adhesive bonding, by replacing "bonding" with "adhesion". 【0042】 The peel strength of the bond is preferably 0.05 N or higher, more preferably 0.1 N or higher, and even more preferably 0.15 N or higher. The higher the peel strength of the bond, the more effectively the displacement between the conductive layer and the dielectric layer is suppressed, improving the durability of the electrostatic electroacoustic transducer. The upper limit of the peel strength, which can be arbitrarily combined with these lower limits, is not limited, but may be, for example, 20 N or lower. 【0043】When the layer interposed between the conductive layer and the dielectric layer is a bonding layer, the thickness of the bonding layer is preferably 5 μm or less, more preferably 5 μm or less. The thinner the bonding layer, the greater the sound pressure that can be obtained. The lower limit of the thickness of the bonding layer is not limited, but it may be, for example, 0.01 μm or more, or 0.1 μm or more. The same applies when the bonding layer is formed with an adhesive and / or tack. 【0044】 <Thickness of the Dielectric Layer and Sheet Resistance of the Conductive Layer> Preferably, the thickness of the dielectric layer is 0.1 μm or more and 300 μm or less, and the sheet resistance of the conductive layer is greater than 5 Ω / □. In this case, it is possible to generate sound waves with excellent sound quality that suppress noise generation while maintaining a high sound pressure. A dielectric layer thickness of 300 μm or less allows for a high sound pressure to be obtained. The reason for this is not limited to theory, but it is thought that the sufficiently thin dielectric layer reduces the distance between conductive layers, increasing capacitance. Also, if the dielectric layer thickness is less than 0.1 μm, pinholes are more likely to occur due to variations in sheet thickness and coating thickness, which affects the occurrence of short circuits due to contact between conductive layers. A sheet resistance of the conductive layer greater than 5 Ω / □ is advantageous in suppressing noise generation. The reason for this is not limited to theory, but it is thought that the sufficiently high sheet resistance of the conductive layer suppresses excessive response to changes in electrostatic force due to the input electrical signal, thereby suppressing noise generation. Furthermore, the sheet resistance of the conductive layer is 500 Ω / □ or less in order to stabilize conductivity. Note that the sheet resistance of the conductive layer refers to the sheet resistance of the surface of the conductive layer if the conductive layer is a fibrous structure containing conductive fibers, or to the sheet resistance of the surface of the conductive material-containing layer if the fibrous structure has a conductive material-containing layer arranged on one or both sides. 【0045】 <Thickness of the dielectric layer, sheet resistance of the conductive layer, and basis weight of the conductive layer> The thickness of the dielectric layer is 0.1 μm or more and 300 μm or less, the sheet resistance of the conductive layer is greater than 0 Ω / □ and 5 Ω / □ or less, and the basis weight of the conductive layer is 30 g / m ２ Above, 300g / m ２The following is preferable. In this case, it is possible to generate sound waves with excellent sound quality that suppress noise generation while maintaining high sound pressure. High sound pressure can be obtained when the thickness of the dielectric layer is 300 μm or less. The reason for this is not limited to theory, but it is thought that when the dielectric layer is sufficiently thin, the distance between conductive layers decreases and the capacitance increases. Furthermore, if the thickness of the dielectric layer is less than 0.1 μm, pinholes are more likely to occur due to variations in sheet thickness and coating thickness, which affects the occurrence of short circuits due to contact between conductive layers. 【0046】 A sufficiently low sheet resistance of the conductive layer can be expected to increase sound pressure. While the reason is not limited to theory, it is thought that a good conductivity state is obtained when the sheet resistance of the conductive layer is 5Ω / □ or less. Furthermore, if the resistance is extremely low, the responsiveness to changes in electrostatic force due to the input electrical signal deteriorates and contributes to the generation of noise, so the lower limit for the sheet resistance of the conductive layer is 0.01Ω / □. Note that the above sheet resistance value of the conductive layer refers to the sheet resistance value of the surface of the conductive layer if the conductive layer is a fibrous structure containing conductive fibers, and refers to the sheet resistance value of the surface of the conductive material-containing layer if the fibrous structure has a conductive material-containing layer arranged on one or both sides. 【0047】 By keeping the basis weight of the conductive layer within the above range, noise can be suppressed while maintaining high sound pressure. The reason for this is not limited to theory, but the basis weight of the conductive layer is 30 g / m ２ This is thought to be because it suppresses excessive vibration caused by the lightness of the conductive layer, thereby contributing to noise reduction. On the other hand, the basis weight of the conductive layer is 300 g / m ２ The following is thought to prevent excessive suppression of amplitude and contribute to maintaining sound pressure. The basis weight of the conductive layer is more preferably 200 g / m². ２ More preferably, 150 g / m ２ The following applies: 【0048】<Spacer Layer> In addition to the conductive layer and dielectric layer described above, it is preferable that the electrostatic electroacoustic transducer further has a spacer layer disposed on one or both of the conductive layers. The spacer layer is flexible and can isolate the dielectric layer from external people or other articles (or the sealing layer described later) and ensure the amplitude of the conductive layer and dielectric layer. By further having a spacer layer in the electrostatic electroacoustic transducer, it is possible to prevent people or other articles from directly touching the conductive layer. Furthermore, if the electrostatic electroacoustic transducer has the sealing layer described later, it is possible to prevent the sealing layer from directly touching the conductive layer and interfering with the vibration of the conductive layer and dielectric layer. 【0049】 The spacer layer is preferably made of a highly permeable material from the viewpoint of easily transmitting sound waves, and is preferably a fibrous structure. Examples of fibrous structures include woven fabrics, knitted fabrics, and nonwoven fabrics, and is preferably a nonwoven fabric from the viewpoint of permeability and adhesion between the spacer layer and the conductive layer, and between the spacer layer and the sealing layer. 【0050】 From a safety standpoint, the fibrous structure of the spacer layer is preferably composed of non-conductive fibers. Examples of non-conductive fibers include synthetic fibers and natural fibers, such as polyester, polyamide, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinylidene chloride, polyvinyl chloride, polyacrylonitrile, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyurethane, aramid, cellulose, cotton, linen, wool, and silk. These fibers may be used individually or in combination of two or more. 【0051】 <Sealing Layer> In addition to the conductive layer, dielectric layer, and spacer layer described above, it is preferable that the electrostatic electroacoustic transducer further has a sealing layer disposed on the spacer layer. The sealing layer is flexible and electrically insulates the electrostatic electroacoustic transducer from the surrounding environment and prevents water, dust, etc. from entering the interior. By further having a sealing layer in the electrostatic electroacoustic transducer, safety and durability can be improved. 【0052】The sealing layer is preferably a sheet or film of a non-conductive material from the viewpoint of electrical insulation, waterproofing, and dustproofing. Examples of non-conductive materials for the sealing layer include polyurethane, silicone, and rubber, with polyurethane being preferred from the viewpoint of flexibility and safety. The sealing layer material may be one of these materials alone, or two or more may be used in combination. 【0053】 Figure 1 is a schematic diagram showing a preferred laminated structure of the electrostatic electroacoustic transducer of the present disclosure. As schematically shown in Figure 1, the electrostatic electroacoustic transducer 10 has a pair of opposing conductive layers 2 and a dielectric layer 1 disposed between the pair of conductive layers 2. The electrostatic electroacoustic transducer 10 further has a spacer layer 3 disposed on both of the pair of conductive layers 2 and a sealing layer 4 disposed on the spacer layer 3. 【0054】 <Second Embodiment> This disclosure provides, as another embodiment, a flexible electrostatic electroacoustic transducer having a pair of opposing conductive layers and a dielectric layer disposed between the pair of opposing conductive layers, wherein one or both of the pair of opposing conductive layers and the dielectric layer are discretely joined to each other. In this embodiment, the Young's modulus and thickness of the dielectric layer are not particularly limited. By having the above configuration, this embodiment can generate sound waves with high sound pressure, low noise generation, and excellent sound quality. The reason for this is as explained in the section on "Joining of Dielectric Layer and Conductive Layer". Furthermore, preferred embodiments of this embodiment are the same as preferred embodiments of the electrostatic electroacoustic transducer in the first embodiment described above. 【0055】<Third Embodiment> As another embodiment, the present disclosure provides a flexible electrostatic electroacoustic transducer having a pair of opposing conductive layers and a dielectric layer disposed between the pair of opposing conductive layers, wherein the thickness of the dielectric layer is 0.1 μm or more and 300 μm or less, and the value of the sheet resistance of the conductive layer is more than 5 Ω / □. In this embodiment, the Young's modulus of the dielectric layer is not particularly limited. By having the above configuration, this embodiment can generate sound waves with excellent sound quality in which noise generation is suppressed while maintaining a large sound pressure. The reason is as described in the section "Thickness of the dielectric layer and sheet resistance of the conductive layer" above. Also, the preferred aspects in this embodiment are the same as the preferred aspects of the electrostatic electroacoustic transducer in the first embodiment described above. 【0056】 <Fourth Embodiment> As another embodiment, the present disclosure provides a flexible electrostatic electroacoustic transducer having a pair of opposing conductive layers and a dielectric layer disposed between the pair of opposing conductive layers, wherein the thickness of the dielectric layer is 0.1 μm or more and 300 μm or less, the value of the sheet resistance of the conductive layer is more than 0 Ω / □ and 5 Ω / □ or less, and the basis weight of the conductive layer is 30 g / m ２ or more and 300 g / m ２ or less. In this embodiment, the Young's modulus of the dielectric layer is not particularly limited. By having the above configuration, this embodiment can suppress the generation of noise while maintaining a large sound pressure. The reason is as described in the section "Thickness of the dielectric layer, sheet resistance of the conductive layer, and basis weight of the conductive layer" above. Also, the preferred aspects in this embodiment are the same as the preferred aspects of the electrostatic electroacoustic transducer in the first embodiment described above. 【0057】 Hereinafter, examples and comparative examples of the present disclosure will be described, but the present disclosure is not limited to the following examples and comparative examples. 【0058】 《Measurement and Evaluation Methods》〈Average Thickness〉 The thickness of the dielectric layer in the examples and comparative examples was measured in accordance with JIS L1913 Method B. The thickness (μm) at a pressure of 0.02 kPa load was measured at three or more locations, and the average value was calculated. 【0059】 <Young's Modulus and Young's Modulus Ratio with Conductive Layer> The Young's modulus (GPa) of the dielectric layer and conductive layer in the examples and comparative examples was measured in accordance with JIS K7127. The ratio of the Young's modulus of the dielectric layer and conductive layer in each example and comparative example was calculated using the following formula: Young's modulus ratio = Young's modulus of the dielectric layer / Young's modulus of the conductive layer 【0060】 <Electrostatic force> The dielectric layer (20 cm x 20 cm) of the examples and comparative examples was replaced with a fibrous structure (20 cm x 20 cm) of 300 μm thick nonwoven fabric (Presize®, manufactured by M.A. Life Materials Co., Ltd., model number AC1050, basis weight 50 g / m²). ２ The material was rubbed 10 times by its own weight. Afterwards, in a 4m x 4m x 2m room (25°C, 40% RH), an electrostatic measuring instrument (KSD-1000, manufactured by Kasuga Electric Co., Ltd.) was placed 5 cm horizontally from the center of the dielectric layer, set to the Low range, and the average electrostatic force (kV) was measured. 【0061】 <Dielectric Breakdown Voltage> The dielectric layer (5 cm x 5 cm) was measured in accordance with JIS C2110-1. A DC voltage was applied using a dielectric strength tester (TOS5101, manufactured by Kikusui Electronics Co., Ltd.), the current was checked after 20 seconds, and the voltage at which dielectric breakdown occurred (kV) was measured by gradually increasing the voltage. 【0062】 <Melting Point> The dielectric layer was placed in a DSC (Differential Scanning Calorimetry, T.A. Instruments Japan Co., Ltd., part number Q-10), and the endothermic peak observed when the pressure was increased to 300°C at a rate of 10°C / min was measured as the melting point (°C). 【0063】 <Sound Pressure> In a room measuring 4m x 4m x 2m (25°C, 40% RH), a pure tone of 2000 Hz was reproduced from an electrostatic electroacoustic transducer (10cm x 10cm) suspended at a height of 1m, and the sound pressure was measured at a distance of 1m from the electrostatic electroacoustic transducer. The sound pressure of the electrostatic electroacoustic transducer in Example 2 (P ０ For (dB), the sound pressure (P) of each electrostatic electroacoustic transducer １ ) (dB) difference (=P １ -P ０ The (dB) level was measured. 【0064】<Noise> After preparing monitors that had been sufficiently exposed to a pure tone of 2000 Hz beforehand, an electrostatic electroacoustic transducer (10 cm x 10 cm) was suspended at a height of 1 m in a 4 m x 4 m x 2 m room (25°C, 40% RH) and a pure tone of 2000 Hz was reproduced. At this time, monitors seated at a distance of 1 m from the electrostatic electroacoustic transducer were asked to subjectively evaluate the clarity of the sound on the following 5-point scale, and the average value was used as the evaluation result. There were 8 monitors. 5: A considerable noise reduction effect is felt. 4: A noise reduction effect is felt. 3: A slight noise reduction effect is felt. 2: A slight noise reduction effect is felt. 1: No noise reduction effect is felt. 【0065】 <Heat Resistance> After exposing each electrostatic electroacoustic transducer from the examples and comparative examples to a constant temperature bath (100°C) for 5.5 hours, the appearance of the electrostatic electroacoustic transducer was visually inspected. If melting of the conductive layer was confirmed, it was marked as "B"; if not, it was marked as "A". 【0066】 Examples and Comparative Examples Example 1 A nonwoven fabric with a thickness of 300 μm was used as the fiber structure (Presize®, manufactured by M.A. Life Materials Co., Ltd., model number AC1050, basis weight 50 g / m²). ２ Using a ) material, aluminum was deposited on one side as a conductive material-containing layer to obtain a conductive layer. A pair of conductive layers were placed facing each other with the sides without the conductive material-containing layer facing inward, and a 50 μm thick, 120 mm square silicone film (manufactured by Maxell Kureha Co., Ltd.: SC50NNK) made of silicone polymer was sandwiched between them so as to be in contact with the conductive layer. At this time, an acrylic adhesive was applied in a stripe pattern between the conductive layer and the dielectric layer to bond them together, and a laminate of conductive layer-dielectric layer-conductive layer was obtained. The laminate of conductive layer-dielectric layer-conductive layer was punched out to a 100 mm square, and wiring was connected to the conductive material-containing layer of each pair of conductive layers to obtain a flexible electrostatic electroacoustic transducer. 【0067】 <Example 2> A flexible electrostatic electroacoustic transducer was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the dielectric layer was made of an electret film with a thickness of 20 μm (PoreFlon® membrane, manufactured by Sumitomo Electric Fine Polymer Co., Ltd., product number HP-010-30), and the bonding area between the dielectric layer and the conductive layer was set to 60%. 【0068】 <Example 3> A flexible electrostatic electroacoustic transducer was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that a silicone rubber (Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.: KE106) was coated with a knife coater and cured in a 120°C drying oven for 5 minutes to form a silicone film. 【0069】 <Example 4> A flexible electrostatic electroacoustic transducer was obtained in the same manner as in Example 3, except that the thickness of the silicone film was changed to 450 μm. 【0070】 <Example 5> A flexible electrostatic electroacoustic transducer was obtained in the same manner as in Example 3, except that the thickness of the silicone film was changed to 100 μm. 【0071】 <Example 6> A flexible electrostatic electroacoustic transducer was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the silicone film was changed to a 50 μm thick silicone rubber (Wacker Chemie Co., Ltd.: ELASTOSIL® LR3303-80). 【0072】 <Example 7> A flexible electrostatic electroacoustic transducer was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the silicone film was changed to a 50 μm thick silicone rubber (Wacker Chemie Co., Ltd.: ELASTOSIL® LR3303-40). 【0073】 <Example 8> A flexible electrostatic electroacoustic transducer was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the silicone film was changed to a 50 μm thick silicone rubber (Wacker Chemie Co., Ltd.: ELASTOSIL® LR6200). 【0074】 <Comparative Example 1> A flexible electrostatic electroacoustic transducer was obtained in the same manner as in Example 3, except that the thickness of the silicone film was changed to 650 μm. 【0075】 <Comparative Example 2> A flexible electrostatic electroacoustic transducer was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the dielectric layer was changed to a 110 μm thick Saran film (Saran Wrap®, manufactured by Asahi Kasei Home Products Corporation). 【0076】<Example 9> A flexible electrostatic electroacoustic transducer was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the dielectric layer was changed to a polyethylene film (PE, manufactured by CKK Corporation, product number NO. 301) with a thickness of 40 μm. 【0077】 <Example 10> A flexible electrostatic electroacoustic transducer was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the dielectric layer was changed to a 10 μm thick natural rubber (ultra-thin amber rubber sheet (amber crepe), manufactured by Fuso Rubber Industry Co., Ltd., product number 12986-0005-7). 【0078】 【0079】 【0080】 The following evaluates the effects of the junction between the conductive layer and the dielectric layer. 【0081】 <Measurement and Evaluation Methods> <Peel Strength> The peel strength of the conductive layer and dielectric layer of the example was measured in accordance with JIS L1086. 【0082】 <Inter-joint distance> The shortest distance to an adjacent joint region located at a discrete location from the edge of a joint region was measured. 【0083】 <Bonding Layer Thickness> The bonding region was exposed without damaging the cross-section by freeze-fracturing, and the thickness between the dielectric layer and the conductive layer was measured by observing the cross-section with a microscope. 【0084】 <Sound Pressure> In a room measuring 4m x 4m x 2m (25°C, 40% RH), a pure tone of 2000 Hz was reproduced from an electrostatic electroacoustic transducer (10cm x 10cm) suspended at a height of 1m, and the sound pressure was measured at a distance of 1m from the electrostatic electroacoustic transducer. The difference (= P1 - P0) (dB) between the sound pressure (P0) (dB) of the electrostatic electroacoustic transducer of Example 2-8 and the sound pressure (P1) (dB) of each electrostatic electroacoustic transducer was measured. 【0085】<Noise> After preparing monitors that had been sufficiently exposed to a pure tone of 2000 Hz beforehand, an electrostatic electroacoustic transducer (10 cm x 10 cm) was suspended at a height of 1 m in a 4 m x 4 m x 2 m room (25°C, 40% RH) and a pure tone of 2000 Hz was reproduced. At this time, monitors seated at a distance of 1 m from the electrostatic electroacoustic transducer were asked to subjectively evaluate the clarity of the sound on the following 5-point scale, and the average value was used as the evaluation result. There were 8 monitors. 5: A considerable noise reduction effect is felt. 4: A noise reduction effect is felt. 3: A slight noise reduction effect is felt. 2: A slight noise reduction effect is felt. 1: No noise reduction effect is felt. 【0086】 <Heat Resistance> After exposing each electrostatic electroacoustic transducer in the examples to a constant temperature bath (100°C) for 5.5 hours, the appearance of the electrostatic electroacoustic transducer was visually inspected. If melting of the conductive layer was confirmed, it was designated as "B"; if not, it was designated as "A". 【0087】 <Examples> <Example 2-1> Nonwoven fabric with a thickness of 300 μm as the fiber structure (Presize®, manufactured by M.A. Life Materials Co., Ltd., model number AC1050, basis weight 50 g / m²) ２A conductive layer was obtained by using a dielectric material and depositing aluminum as a conductive material-containing layer on one side. A pair of conductive layers were placed facing each other with the sides without the conductive material-containing layer facing inward, and an electret film made of a fluoropolymer with a Young's modulus of 0.21 GPa, a thickness of 30 μm, and a square diameter of 120 mm was sandwiched between them so as to be in contact with the conductive layer. At this time, an acrylic adhesive was applied in a stripe pattern to the surface of the dielectric layer, and then the conductive layer was bonded to it to obtain a laminate of conductive layer-dielectric layer-conductive layer. The laminate of conductive layer-dielectric layer-conductive layer was punched out to a square of 100 mm, and wiring was connected to the conductive material-containing layer of each of the conductive layers to obtain a flexible electrostatic electroacoustic transducer. As schematically shown in Figure 2, the adhesive stripes were bonded from the end of the electrostatic electroacoustic transducer in the shape of 5 mm unbonded - 5 mm bonded - 80 mm unbonded - 5 mm bonded - 5 mm unbonded, and were created so that the bonding area between each layer was 10%, based on the area where the conductive layer and the dielectric layer face each other. In Figure 2, arrow 20 indicates the transport direction in the manufacturing process of the electrostatic electroacoustic transducer 10, with the colorless areas indicating the unbonded area 5 and the gray areas indicating the bonded area 6. The same applies to Figures 3 to 7. 【0088】 <Example 2-2> As schematically shown in Figure 3, adhesive strips were bonded to the end of the electrostatic electroacoustic transducer in the shape of bonded 10 mm - unbonded 20 mm - bonded 10 mm - unbonded 20 mm - bonded 10 mm - unbonded 20 mm - bonded 10 mm. At this time, the bonding area between each layer was 40%, based on the area where the conductive layer and the dielectric layer face each other. Otherwise, a flexible electrostatic electroacoustic transducer was obtained in the same manner as in Example 2-1. 【0089】 <Example 2-3> As schematically shown in Figure 4, adhesive strips were bonded to the end of the electrostatic electroacoustic transducer in the shape of bonded 25 mm - unbonded 10 mm - bonded 10 mm - unbonded 10 mm - bonded 10 mm - unbonded 10 mm - bonded 25 mm. At this time, the bonding area between each layer was 70%, based on the area where the conductive layer and the dielectric layer face each other. Otherwise, a flexible electrostatic electroacoustic transducer was obtained in the same manner as in Example 2-1. 【0090】<Example 2-4> The acrylic adhesive was applied in a dot pattern to each layer of the conductive and dielectric layers. Specifically, as schematically shown in Figure 5, Φ16 mm dot-shaped adhesive was applied in a 5x5 grid pattern. Starting points were left 4 mm from both ends of the electrostatic electroacoustic transducer unadhered, and the layers were bonded in a 5x5 grid pattern of bonded Φ16 mm - unadhered 3 mm. At this time, the bonding area between each layer was 50%, based on the area where the conductive and dielectric layers faced each other. Otherwise, a flexible electrostatic electroacoustic transducer was obtained in the same manner as in Example 2-1. 【0091】 <Example 2-5> An acrylic adhesive (double-sided adhesive tape) was used to bond the components in a striped pattern. As schematically shown in Figure 6, the adhesive strips were bonded from one end of the electrostatic electroacoustic transducer to the other in a pattern of 10 mm bonded - 12.5 mm unbonded. At this time, the bonding area between each layer was 50%, based on the area where the conductive layer and the dielectric layer faced each other. Otherwise, a flexible electrostatic electroacoustic transducer was obtained in the same manner as in Example 2-1. 【0092】 <Example 2-6> The adhesive was used for joining by sewing, and the sewing method involved using 60-count ester filament thread and a No. 10 needle at a stitch rate of 5 stitches / cm. As schematically shown in Figure 7, the flexible electrostatic electroacoustic transducer was bonded from one end to the other in a pattern of 9 mm unbonded - 1 mm sewing width, and the bonding area between each layer was changed to 10% based on the area where the conductive layer and the dielectric layer face each other, except that the bonding area between each layer was changed to 10%. 【0093】 <Example 2-7> A flexible electrostatic electroacoustic transducer was obtained in the same manner as in Example 2-1, except that the adhesive coating thickness was 10 μm. 【0094】 <Example 2-8> A flexible electrostatic electroacoustic transducer was obtained in the same manner as in Example 2-1, except that an adhesive was applied to the entire surface and the bonding area between each layer was modified to be 100% based on the area where the conductive layer and the dielectric layer face each other. 【0095】<Example 2-9> The adhesive was used for joining by sewing, and the sewing method involved using 60-count ester filament thread and a size 10 needle at a stitch rate of 5 stitches / cm. As schematically shown in Figure 8, a flexible electrostatic electroacoustic transducer was obtained in the same manner as in Example 2-1, except that the bonding area was reduced to 0.02% by continuously sewing along the edges of all four sides of a 100 mm square. 【0096】 【0097】 A comparison of Examples 2-1 to 2-7 with Examples 2-8 and 2-9 shows that noise generation is reduced because the conductive layer and dielectric layer are discretely bonded to each other. Furthermore, a comparison of Example 2-1 and Example 2-7 shows that the smaller thickness of the bonding layer results in superior sound pressure. 【0098】 The following evaluates the influence of the relationship between the thickness of the dielectric layer and the sheet resistance of the conductive layer. 【0099】 <Measurement and Evaluation Method> <Average Thickness> The thickness of the dielectric layer in the example was measured in accordance with JIS L1913 Method B. The thickness (μm) at a pressure of 0.02 kPa was measured at three or more locations, and the average value was calculated. 【0100】 <Young's Modulus and Ratio of Young's Modulus to Conductive Layer> The Young's modulus (GPa) of the dielectric layer and conductive layer in the examples was measured in accordance with JIS-K-7127. The ratio of Young's modulus of the dielectric layer to the conductive layer in each example was calculated using the following formula: Ratio of Young's modulus to conductive layer = Young's modulus of dielectric layer / Young's modulus of conductive layer 【0101】 <Electrostatic Force> In a room measuring 4m x 4m x 2m (25°C, 40% RH), an electrostatic measuring device (KSD-1000, manufactured by Kasuga Electric Co., Ltd.) was placed 5cm horizontally from the center of a flexible speaker (20cm x 20cm), and the average electrostatic force (kV) was measured with the device set to the Low range. 【0102】<Dielectric Breakdown Voltage> The dielectric layer (5 cm x 5 cm) was measured in accordance with JIS C2110-1. A DC voltage was applied using a dielectric strength tester (TOS5101, manufactured by Kikusui Electronics Co., Ltd.), and the current was checked after 20 seconds. The voltage was then gradually increased, and the voltage at which dielectric breakdown occurred (kV) was measured. 【0103】 <Melting Point> The dielectric layer was placed in a DSC (Differential Scanning Calorimetry, T.A. Instruments Japan Co., Ltd., part number Q-10), and the endothermic peak observed when the pressure was increased to 300°C at a rate of 10°C / min was measured as the melting point (°C). 【0104】 <Sheet Resistance Value> The sheet resistance value (Ω / □) of the conductive layer of the electrostatic electroacoustic transducer fabricated in the example was measured using the four-probe method (product name: Lorestar GXII, manufactured by Nitto Seiko Analytech Co., Ltd.). 【0105】 <Sound Pressure> In a room measuring 4m x 4m x 2m (25°C, 40% RH), a pure tone of 2000 Hz was reproduced from an electrostatic electroacoustic transducer (10cm x 10cm) suspended at a height of 1m, and the sound pressure was measured at a distance of 1m from the electrostatic electroacoustic transducer. The sound pressure of the electrostatic electroacoustic transducer in Example 3-11 (P ０ For (dB), the sound pressure (P) of each electrostatic electroacoustic transducer １ ) (dB) difference (=P １ -P ０ The difference in dB was measured and evaluated as follows: "E" (Excellent): Difference of -5 dB or more "G" (Good): Difference of -10 dB or more but less than -5 dB "P" (Poor): Difference of less than -10 dB 【0106】<Noise> After preparing monitors who had been sufficiently exposed to a pure tone of 2000 Hz beforehand, a flexible speaker (10 cm x 10 cm) was suspended at a height of 1 m in a 4 m x 4 m x 2 m room, and a pure tone of 2000 Hz was played. Monitors seated 1 m away from the speaker were asked to subjectively evaluate the clarity of the sound on a 5-point scale to determine whether any sounds other than 2000 Hz were included, and the average value was used as the evaluation result. There were 8 monitors. 5: A considerable noise reduction effect is felt. 4: A noise reduction effect is felt. 3: A slight noise reduction effect is felt. 2: A slight noise reduction effect is felt. 1: No noise reduction effect is felt. 【0107】 <Heat Resistance> After exposing each speaker in the examples to a constant temperature bath (100°C, 5.5 hours), the appearance of the speaker was checked. If melting of the conductive layer was confirmed, it was marked "×", and if not, it was marked "〇". 【0108】 <Examples> <Example 3-1> Nonwoven fabric with a thickness of 300 μm as the fiber structure (Presize®, manufactured by M.A. Life Materials Co., Ltd., model number AC1050, basis weight 50 g / m²) ２ Using a material, aluminum (a conductive material) was deposited on one side as a conductive material-containing layer to obtain a conductive layer with a sheet resistance of 36 Ω / □. A pair of conductive layers were placed facing each other with the sides without the conductive material-containing layer facing inward, and a 50 μm thick, 120 mm square silicone film (manufactured by Maxell Kureha Co., Ltd.: SC50NNK) made of silicone polymer was sandwiched between them so as to be in contact with the conductive layers. At this time, an acrylic adhesive was applied in a stripe pattern between the conductive layer and the dielectric layer to bond them together, and a laminate of conductive layer-dielectric layer-conductive layer was obtained. The laminate of conductive layer-dielectric layer-conductive layer was punched out to a 100 mm square, and wiring was connected to the conductive material-containing layer of each pair of conductive layers to obtain a flexible electrostatic electroacoustic transducer. 【0109】 <Example 3-2> The basis weight of the nonwoven fabric of the fibrous structure is 30 g / m². ２ A flexible electrostatic electroacoustic transducer was obtained in the same manner as in Example 3-1, except that the conductive layer had a sheet resistance of 150 Ω / □. 【0110】<Example 3-3> A flexible electrostatic electroacoustic transducer was obtained in the same manner as in Example 3-1, except that copper was used as the conductive material, the conductive material-containing layer was formed by an electroless plating method, and a conductive layer with a sheet resistance of 6 Ω / □ was obtained. 【0111】 <Example 3-4> A flexible electrostatic electroacoustic transducer was obtained in the same manner as in Example 3-1, except that the dielectric layer was made of an electret film with a thickness of 20 μm (Poaflon® membrane, manufactured by Sumitomo Electric Fine Polymer Co., Ltd., product number HP-010-30). 【0112】 <Example 3-5> A flexible electrostatic electroacoustic transducer was obtained in the same manner as in Example 3-1, except that a silicone rubber (Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.: KE106) was coated with a knife coater and cured in a 120°C drying oven for 5 minutes to form a silicone film, instead of the silicone film used in Example 3-1. 【0113】 <Example 3-6> A flexible electrostatic electroacoustic transducer was obtained in the same manner as in Example 3-5, except that the thickness of the silicone film was changed to 100 μm. 【0114】 <Example 3-7> A flexible electrostatic electroacoustic transducer was obtained in the same manner as in Example 3-5, except that the thickness of the silicone film was changed to 300 μm. 【0115】 <Example 3-8> A flexible electrostatic electroacoustic transducer was obtained in the same manner as in Example 3-2, except that a silicone rubber (Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.: KE106) was coated with a knife coater instead of the silicone film used in Example 3-2, and cured in a 120°C drying oven for 5 minutes to form a silicone film with a thickness of 300 μm. 【0116】 <Example 3-9> A flexible electrostatic electroacoustic transducer was obtained in the same manner as in Example 3-1, except that the dielectric layer was changed to a 10 μm thick natural rubber (ultra-thin amber rubber sheet (amber crepe), manufactured by Fuso Rubber Industry Co., Ltd., product number 12986-0005-7). 【0117】 <Example 3-10> A flexible electrostatic electroacoustic transducer was obtained in the same manner as in Example 3-5, except that the thickness of the silicone film was changed to 1 μm. 【0118】 <Example 3-11> Polyester circular knit fabric as the fiber structure (weight 100 g / m) ２ Using 100% Pe, a conductive material-containing layer was formed by electroless plating of silver (a conductive material) to obtain a conductive layer. In addition, a flexible electrostatic electroacoustic transducer was obtained in the same manner as in Example 3-1, except that a silicone rubber (Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.: KE106) was coated with a knife coater instead of a silicone film, cured in a 120°C drying oven for 10 minutes to form a silicone film with a thickness of 50 μm. 【0119】 <Example 3-12> A flexible electrostatic electroacoustic transducer was obtained in the same manner as in Example 3-11, except that the dielectric layer was changed to a 10 μm thick natural rubber (ultra-thin amber rubber sheet (amber crepe), manufactured by Fuso Rubber Industry Co., Ltd., product number 12986-0005-7). 【0120】 <Example 3-13> Plain weave polyester fabric as the fiber structure (weight 55 g / m ２ Using 100% Pe, a conductive material-containing layer was formed by electroless plating of copper-nickel (conductive material) to obtain a conductive layer. Furthermore, a flexible electrostatic electroacoustic transducer was obtained in the same manner as in Example 3-11, except that the dielectric layer was changed to a polyethylene film with a thickness of 50 μm (Suntec-LD, manufactured by Asahi Kasei Corporation, product number M1703). 【0121】 <Example 3-14> The basis weight of the nonwoven fabric of the fibrous structure is 20 g / m². ２ A flexible electrostatic electroacoustic transducer was obtained in the same manner as in Example 3-3, except that the conductive layer had a sheet resistance of 1.2 Ω / □. 【0122】 <Example 3-15> A flexible electrostatic electroacoustic transducer was obtained in the same manner as in Example 3-5, except that the thickness of the silicone film was changed to 500 μm. 【0123】 【0124】 【0125】A comparison of Examples 3-1 to 3-13 with Examples 3-14 and 3-15 reveals that when the dielectric layer thickness is 0.1 μm or more and 300 μm or less, and the sheet resistance of the conductive layer is greater than 5 Ω / □, it is possible to generate sound waves with excellent sound quality that suppress noise generation while maintaining high sound pressure. Furthermore, it can be seen that the lower the ratio of the Young's modulus of the dielectric layer to the Young's modulus of the conductive layer, the less noise is generated. 【0126】 The following evaluates the effects of the relationship between the dielectric layer thickness, the sheet resistance of the conductive layer, and the basis weight of the conductive layer. 【0127】 <Measurement and Evaluation Method> <Average Thickness> The thickness of the dielectric layer in the example was measured in accordance with JIS L1913 Method B. The thickness (μm) at a pressure of 0.02 kPa was measured at three or more locations, and the average value was calculated. 【0128】 <Young's Modulus and Ratio of Young's Modulus to Conductive Layer> The Young's modulus (GPa) of the dielectric layer and conductive layer in the examples was measured in accordance with JIS-K-7127. The ratio of the Young's modulus of the dielectric layer to the conductive layer in each example was calculated using the following formula: Young's modulus ratio = Young's modulus of the dielectric layer / Young's modulus of the conductive layer 【0129】 <Electrostatic Force> In a room measuring 4m x 4m x 2m (25°C, 40% RH), an electrostatic measuring device (KSD-1000, manufactured by Kasuga Electric Co., Ltd.) was placed 5cm horizontally from the center of a flexible speaker (20cm x 20cm), and the average electrostatic force (kV) was measured with the device set to the Low range. 【0130】 <Dielectric Breakdown Voltage> The dielectric layer (5 cm x 5 cm) was measured in accordance with JIS C2110-1. A DC voltage was applied using a dielectric strength tester (TOS5101, manufactured by Kikusui Electronics Co., Ltd.), and the current was checked after 20 seconds. The voltage was then gradually increased, and the voltage at which dielectric breakdown occurred (kV) was measured. 【0131】 <Melting Point> The dielectric layer was placed in a DSC (Differential Scanning Calorimetry, T.A. Instruments Japan Co., Ltd., part number Q-10), and the endothermic peak observed when the pressure was increased to 300°C at a rate of 10°C / min was measured as the melting point (°C). 【0132】<Sheet Resistance Value> The sheet resistance value (Ω / □) of the conductive layer of the electrostatic electroacoustic transducer fabricated in the example was measured using the four-probe method (product name: Lorestar GXII, manufactured by Nitto Seiko Analytech Co., Ltd.). 【0133】 <Sound Pressure> In a room measuring 4m x 4m x 2m (25°C, 40% RH), a pure tone of 2000 Hz was reproduced from an electrostatic electroacoustic transducer (10cm x 10cm) suspended at a height of 1m, and the sound pressure was measured at a distance of 1m from the electrostatic electroacoustic transducer. The sound pressure of the electrostatic electroacoustic transducer in Example 4-10 (P ０ For (dB), the sound pressure (P) of each electrostatic electroacoustic transducer １ ) (dB) difference (=P １ -P ０ The difference in dB was measured and evaluated as follows: "E" (Excellent): Difference of 5 dB or more; "G" (Good): Difference greater than 0 dB and less than 5 dB; "P" (Poor): Difference of 0 dB or less. 【0134】 <Noise> After preparing monitors who had been sufficiently exposed to a pure tone of 2000 Hz beforehand, a flexible speaker (10 cm x 10 cm) was suspended at a height of 1 m in a 4 m x 4 m x 2 m room, and a pure tone of 2000 Hz was played. Monitors seated 1 m away from the speaker were asked to subjectively evaluate the clarity of the sound on a 5-point scale to determine whether any sounds other than 2000 Hz were included, and the average value was used as the evaluation result. There were 8 monitors. 5: A considerable noise reduction effect is felt. 4: A noise reduction effect is felt. 3: A slight noise reduction effect is felt. 2: A slight noise reduction effect is felt. 1: No noise reduction effect is felt. 【0135】 <Heat Resistance> After exposing each speaker in the examples to a constant temperature bath (100°C, 5.5 hours), the appearance of the speaker was checked. If melting of the conductive layer was confirmed, it was marked "×", and if not, it was marked "〇". 【0136】 Examples: Example 4-1: Plain weave polyester fabric (weight 80 g / m²) as the fiber structure. ２Using 100% Pe, a conductive material-containing layer was formed by electroless plating of copper-nickel (conductive material) to obtain a conductive layer with a sheet resistance of 0.3 (Ω / □). A pair of conductive layers were placed facing each other with the sides without the conductive material-containing layer facing inward, and a 50 μm thick, 120 mm square silicone film (Maxell Kureha Co., Ltd.: SC50NNK) made of silicone polymer was sandwiched between them so as to be in contact with the conductive layers. At this time, an acrylic adhesive was applied in a stripe pattern between the conductive layer and the dielectric layer to bond them, and a laminate of conductive layer-dielectric layer-conductive layer was obtained. The laminate of conductive layer-dielectric layer-conductive layer was punched out to a 100 mm square, and wiring was connected to the conductive material-containing layer of each pair of conductive layers to obtain a flexible electrostatic electroacoustic transducer. 【0137】 <Example 4-2> Flexible conductive fabric (METAFLEX®, manufactured by Seiren Co., Ltd., basis weight 35.0 g / m) as the fiber structure ２ A flexible electrostatic electroacoustic transducer was obtained in the same manner as in Example 4-1, except that a conductive layer with a sheet resistance of 0.8 (Ω / □) was obtained using ). 【0138】 <Example 4-3> A flexible electrostatic electroacoustic transducer was obtained in the same manner as in Example 4-1, except that a silicone rubber (Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.: KE106) was coated to a thickness of 100 μm using a knife coater and cured in a drying oven at 120°C for 5 minutes to form a silicone film. 【0139】 <Example 4-4> A flexible electrostatic electroacoustic transducer was obtained in the same manner as in Example 4-1, except that the dielectric layer was changed to a 10 μm thick natural rubber (ultra-thin amber rubber sheet (amber crepe), manufactured by Fuso Rubber Industry Co., Ltd., product number 12986-0005-7). 【0140】 <Examples 4-5> Plain weave polyester fabric as the fiber structure (weight 120 g / m ２ A flexible electrostatic electroacoustic transducer was obtained in the same manner as in Example 4-1, except that 100% Pe was used. 【0141】<Example 4-6> A flexible electrostatic electroacoustic transducer was obtained in the same manner as in Example 4-3, except that the thickness of the silicone film was changed to 1 μm. 【0142】 <Example 4-7> Instead of the fiber structure of Example 4-1, a polyester circular knit fabric (weight 100 g / m) was used. ２ Using 100% Pe, a conductive material-containing layer was formed by electroless plating of silver (a conductive material) to obtain a conductive layer. In addition, a flexible electrostatic electroacoustic transducer was obtained in the same manner as in Example 4-1, except that a silicone rubber (Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.: KE106) was coated with a knife coater instead of a silicone film, cured in a 120°C drying oven for 10 minutes to form a silicone film with a thickness of 50 μm. 【0143】 <Example 4-8> A flexible electrostatic electroacoustic transducer was obtained in the same manner as in Example 4-7, except that the dielectric layer was changed to a 10 μm thick natural rubber (ultra-thin amber rubber sheet (amber crepe), manufactured by Fuso Rubber Industry Co., Ltd., product number 12986-0005-7). 【0144】 <Example 4-9> Plain weave polyester fabric (weight 55 g / m²) instead of fiber structure ２ Using 100% Pe, a conductive material-containing layer was formed by electroless plating of copper-nickel (conductive material) to obtain a conductive layer. Furthermore, a flexible electrostatic electroacoustic transducer was obtained in the same manner as in Example 4-1, except that the dielectric layer was changed to a polyethylene film with a thickness of 50 μm (Suntec-LD, manufactured by Asahi Kasei Corporation, product number M1703). 【0145】 <Example 4-10> Nonwoven fabric with a thickness of 30 μm as the fiber structure (Presize®, manufactured by M.A. Life Materials Co., Ltd., model number AC1050, basis weight 50 g / m²) ２ A flexible electrostatic electroacoustic transducer was obtained in the same manner as in Example 4-1, except that a conductive material was used, aluminum (a conductive material) was deposited on one side thereof to form a conductive material-containing layer, and a conductive layer with a sheet resistance of 36 (Ω / □) was fabricated. 【0146】 <Example 4-11> Plain weave polyester fabric as the fiber structure (weight 350 g / m ２A flexible electrostatic electroacoustic transducer was obtained in the same manner as in Example 4-1, except that 100% Pe was used. 【0147】 <Example 4-12> A flexible electrostatic electroacoustic transducer was obtained in the same manner as in Example 4-3, except that the thickness of the silicone film was changed to 500 μm. 【0148】 <Example 4-13> Plain weave polyester fabric as the fiber structure (weight 20 g / m ２ A flexible electrostatic electroacoustic transducer was obtained in the same manner as in Example 4-1, except that 100% Pe was used. 【0149】 【0150】 【0151】 A comparison of Examples 4-1 to 4-9 with Examples 4-10 to 4-13 shows that the dielectric layer thickness is 0.1 μm or more and 300 μm or less, the sheet resistance of the conductive layer is greater than 0 Ω / □ and 5 Ω / □ or less, and the basis weight of the conductive layer is 30 g / m². ２ Above, 300g / m ２ The following conditions allow for the generation of sound waves with excellent sound quality, maintaining high sound pressure while suppressing noise. Furthermore, a lower ratio of the Young's modulus of the dielectric layer to the Young's modulus of the conductive layer results in less noise generation. 【0152】 1. Dielectric layer 2. Conductive layer 3. Spacer layer 4. Sealing layer 5. Non-bonding region 6. Bonding region 10. Electrostatic electroacoustic transducer 20. Conveying direction

Claims

1. A flexible electrostatic electroacoustic transducer having a pair of opposing conductive layers and a dielectric layer disposed between the pair of opposing conductive layers, wherein the Young's modulus of the dielectric layer is greater than 0 GPa and 0.3 GPa or less, and the thickness is greater than 0 μm and 500 μm or less.

2. The electrostatic electroacoustic transducer according to claim 1, wherein the conductive layer and the dielectric layer are made of different materials on the triboelectric series.

3. The electrostatic electroacoustic converter according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the electrostatic force of the dielectric layer is -3 kV or less.

4. The electrostatic electroacoustic converter according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the electrostatic force of the dielectric layer is -5 kV or less.

5. The electrostatic electroacoustic transducer according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the dielectric layer is composed of at least one material selected from the group consisting of silicone, fluororesin, polyolefin, and rubber.

6. The electrostatic electroacoustic transducer according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the dielectric layer is made of silicone.

7. The electrostatic electroacoustic transducer according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the conductive layer is a fibrous structure containing conductive fibers, or a fibrous structure having a conductive material-containing layer arranged on one or both sides.

8. The electrostatic electroacoustic transducer according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the conductive layer has a conductive material-containing layer disposed on one or both sides, and the conductive material-containing layer is formed by plating.

9. The electrostatic electroacoustic transducer according to claim 1 or 2, wherein one or both of the opposing pair of conductive layers and the dielectric layer are discretely joined to each other.

10. The electrostatic electroacoustic transducer according to claim 9, wherein the junction area between each layer is greater than 0% and less than or equal to 70%, based on the area where the conductive layer and the dielectric layer face each other.

11. The electrostatic electroacoustic transducer according to claim 10, wherein the bonding area is 20% or more.

12. The electrostatic electroacoustic transducer according to claim 9, wherein the peel strength of the bond is 0.05 N or more.

13. The electrostatic electroacoustic transducer according to claim 9, wherein the joint is formed by a stripe-shaped joint region, and the shortest distance between adjacent joint regions is 5 mm or more.

14. The electrostatic electroacoustic transducer according to claim 9, wherein the bonding is performed by an adhesive and / or tack, and the thickness of the bonding layer formed by the adhesive and / or tack interposed between the conductive layer and the dielectric layer is 5 μm or less.

15. The electrostatic electroacoustic transducer according to claim 9, wherein the joining is by sewing.

16. The electrostatic electroacoustic transducer according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the thickness of the dielectric layer is 0.1 μm or more and 300 μm or less, and the sheet resistance of the conductive layer is greater than 5 Ω / □.

17. The electrostatic electroacoustic transducer according to claim 16, wherein the sheet resistance of the conductive layer is 500 Ω / □ or less.

18. The dielectric layer has a thickness of 0.1 μm or more and 300 μm or less, the sheet resistance of the conductive layer is greater than 0 Ω / □ and 5 Ω / □ or less, and the basis weight of the conductive layer is 30 g / m². ２ Above, 300g / m ２ The electrostatic electroacoustic transducer according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the following:

19. The electrostatic electroacoustic converter according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the ratio of the Young's modulus of the dielectric layer to the Young's modulus of the conductive layer (Young's modulus of the dielectric layer / Young's modulus of the conductive layer) is 2 or less.

20. The electrostatic electroacoustic converter according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the dielectric breakdown voltage of the dielectric layer is 3 kV or more.

21. The electrostatic electroacoustic converter according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the melting point of the dielectric layer is 100°C or higher.

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