Power disconnect device, power conversion apparatus, and electric vehicle

Abstract

Provided are a power disconnect device (400), a power conversion apparatus (1) and an electric vehicle (6), relating to the field of switching devices. The power disconnect device (400) comprises a first housing (10), a second housing (20), a current carrying busbar (30), an igniter (40), and a moving member (50). In a first direction, the current carrying busbar (30) is arranged between the first housing (10) and the second housing (20). The first housing (10) is provided with an accommodating recess (11), a mounting recess (12), and at least one air passage (13) making the accommodating recess (11) in communication with the mounting recess (12), and the moving member (50) is slidably connected in the accommodating recess (11) in the first direction. In a second direction, the mounting recess (12) is spaced apart from the accommodating recess (11) and used for accommodating the igniter (40). Each air passage (13) comprises an inlet (13a) located on a recess wall of the mounting recess (12) and an outlet (13b) located on a recess wall of the accommodating recess (11). In the first direction, the distance between the inlet (13a) and the current carrying busbar (30) is less than the distance between the surface (501) of the moving member (50) facing away from the second housing (20) and the current carrying busbar (30), and the outlet (13b) is at least partially located on the side of the moving member (50) facing away from the current carrying busbar (30). The igniter (40) is used for driving the moving member (50) to break the current carrying busbar (30). By adjusting the position of the inlet (13a), the igniter (40) and the moving member (50) can overlap in the second direction, thereby facilitating miniaturization design.

Description

A circuit breaker, a power conversion device and an electric vehicle

[0001] This application claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 202411900373.4, filed on December 20, 2024, entitled “A circuit breaker, a power conversion device and an electric vehicle”, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0002] This application relates to the field of switching devices, and more particularly to a circuit breaker, a power conversion device, and an electric vehicle. Background Technology

[0003] A pyrotechnic circuit breaker is a switching device that uses the energy generated by the explosion of an ignition source to drive a piston, thereby breaking the circuit. In existing pyrotechnic circuit breakers, the flow path, piston, and ignition source are arranged sequentially along the thickness of the flow path. The gas generated by the explosion of the ignition source pushes the piston to break the flow path, thus achieving the breaking capability of the circuit breaker. However, this sequential arrangement of the flow path, piston, and ignition source along the thickness of the flow path results in an excessively large size of the circuit breaker in the thickness direction of the flow path, which is not conducive to the miniaturization design of the circuit breaker. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a circuit breaker, a power conversion device, and an electric vehicle, aiming to solve the problem that circuit breakers are not conducive to miniaturization design.

[0005] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a circuit breaker. The circuit breaker includes a first housing, a second housing, a flow channel, an ignition device, and a moving component. In a first direction, the flow channel is disposed between the first housing and the second housing. The first housing has a receiving groove and a mounting groove, the receiving groove being disposed along the first direction with its opening facing the flow channel. In a second direction, the mounting groove is opposite to and spaced apart from the receiving groove, the first direction being the thickness direction of the flow channel, and the second direction being perpendicular to the first direction. The ignition device is received in the mounting groove. The moving component is slidably connected to the receiving groove along the first direction. The first housing also has at least one air passage, which connects the receiving groove and the mounting groove. Each air passage includes an inlet and an outlet. The inlet is located on the wall of the mounting slot, and the outlet is located on the wall of the receiving slot. In the first direction, the distance between the inlet and the flow channel is less than the distance between the surface of the moving member facing away from the second housing and the flow channel. The outlet is at least partially located on the side of the moving member facing away from the flow channel. The projection of the igniter in the second direction at least partially overlaps with the projection of the moving member in the second direction. The igniter is used to drive the moving member to break the flow channel in the first direction.

[0006] In the circuit breaker provided in this embodiment, the circuit breaker is integrated into the circuit, and the circuit breaker transmits current through a current-carrying busbar. The ignition device contains gunpowder or explosives. When an electrical accident such as a short circuit occurs in the circuit, the gunpowder or explosives will be ignited, and the gunpowder or explosives will explode to produce gas. The gas will flow from the ignition device through the inlet, gas passage, and outlet to the receiving slot, and then drive the moving part to move along the first direction and interrupt the current-carrying busbar to protect the circuit.

[0007] In order to ensure that the gas generated by the explosion of the ignition device can drive the moving part to break the flow channel in the first direction, the existing technology requires that the ignition device be located on the side of the moving part away from the flow channel in the first direction. This results in the ignition device and the moving part occupying too much space in the first direction, and the size of the circuit breaker in the first direction is large, which is not conducive to the miniaturization design of the circuit breaker, and is inconvenient for application in small space scenarios, thus narrowing the application scenarios.

[0008] Compared to existing technologies, this application achieves decoupling of the positions of the ignition device and the moving part in the first direction by designing that the distance between the inlet and the flow channel in the first direction is smaller than the distance between the surface of the moving part facing away from the second housing and the flow channel, and the outlet is located on the side of the moving part facing away from the flow channel and connected to the receiving groove. The ignition device does not need to be located on the side of the moving part facing away from the flow channel in the first direction, and the projection of the ignition device along the second direction can at least partially overlap with the projection of the moving part along the second direction. This avoids the ignition device and the moving part occupying too much space in the first direction, which is beneficial to reducing the size of the circuit breaker in the first direction, and is beneficial to the miniaturization design of the circuit breaker. The circuit breaker can be applied in small space scenarios, which is beneficial to broadening the application scenarios of the circuit breaker. Moreover, it is beneficial to improve the design flexibility of the circuit breaker, reduce the design difficulty of the circuit breaker, and reduce the processing cost of the circuit breaker.

[0009] In one possible implementation, the first housing includes a first sub-housing, a second sub-housing, and a third sub-housing arranged sequentially in a first direction. The first sub-housing abuts against a flow channel. A receiving groove is disposed in the second sub-housing and extends through the first sub-housing along the first direction. A mounting groove extends through the second sub-housing along the first direction. The first sub-housing covers the mounting groove. The third sub-housing abuts against the ignition device and is fitted onto the outside of the ignition device.

[0010] In the assembly of the circuit breaker, the moving parts are first housed in the receiving groove by assembling the first and second sub-shells; the ignition device is then placed in the mounting groove, and finally the third sub-shell is brought into contact with the ignition device, thus housing the ignition device in the mounting groove. This reduces the assembly difficulty of the circuit breaker, facilitates manufacturing, and helps reduce processing costs.

[0011] In one possible implementation, the mounting slot is provided with a partition, which divides the mounting slot into a first slot and a second slot in a first direction. The second slot is located on the side of the first slot facing the first sub-housing. The partition is also provided with a through hole, which communicates with the first slot and the second slot. The ignition device is partially housed in the first slot, partially passes through the through hole and extends into the second slot, and the inlet communicates with the second slot.

[0012] The second slot is located on the side of the first slot facing the first sub-casing. The ignition device is partially housed in the first slot, with a portion passing through the through-hole and extending into the second slot. The design, with the inlet connected to the second slot, ensures that the gas generated by the ignition device's explosion can be sequentially transmitted to the gas passage via the second slot and the inlet. The second slot disperses the gas pressure generated by the ignition device's explosion, preventing the pressure from concentrating in the mounting slot and causing damage to the first and second sub-casings. This improves the reliability and safety of the circuit breaker. Furthermore, the structure is simple, stable, and easy to manufacture, reducing the processing cost of the circuit breaker. Additionally, the size of the second slot in the first direction can be controlled by adjusting the position of the partition, facilitating the adjustment of its size and the efficiency of gas transmission from the inlet to the gas passage via the second slot. This reduces the difficulty and cost of adjustment.

[0013] In one possible implementation, the area of ​​the portion of the igniter housed in the first groove projected along the first direction is larger than the area of ​​the through hole projected along the first direction.

[0014] The design that the area of ​​the portion of the igniter housed in the first groove along the first direction is larger than the area of ​​the through hole along the first direction ensures that the partition can support the portion of the igniter housed in the first groove, which is beneficial to improving structural stability and reliability, and also beneficial to improving the stability of the movement of the igniter's driving moving parts.

[0015] In one possible implementation, the first sub-casing and the ignition device are spaced apart.

[0016] The design of the first sub-shell and the ignition device being spaced apart increases the space of the second slot, allowing the second slot to contain more gas generated by the ignition device explosion. This prevents the gas pressure generated by the ignition device explosion from concentrating in the installation slot, which could damage the first and second sub-shells. This improves the reliability and safety of the circuit breaker.

[0017] In one possible implementation, the mounting groove also houses a first seal. In a first direction, the first seal contacts and is fixedly connected between the first sub-housing and the igniter, surrounds the igniter and is spaced apart from the igniter. The first seal also has a connecting hole that communicates with an inlet.

[0018] The first seal ensures the airtightness of the assembly of the first and second sub-shells, thereby ensuring the airtightness of the mounting groove. This helps to increase the amount of gas generated by the explosion of the ignition device flowing through the gas passage to the receiving groove, which in turn increases the driving force of the gas on the moving parts and improves the breaking capacity of the circuit breaker.

[0019] In one possible implementation, the second sub-shell is further provided with a mating hole on one side in the first direction, the mating hole being disposed along the first direction and communicating with the air passage; the first shell further includes a second sealing member, the second sealing member being disposed on the second sub-shell and covering the mating hole.

[0020] The design of the fitting hole facilitates the installation of gas passages in the second sub-housing, which helps reduce machining difficulty and manufacturing costs of the circuit breaker. The design of the second seal ensures the airtightness of the gas passages, which helps increase the driving force of the gas generated by the ignition device's explosion on the moving parts, and improves the breaking capacity of the circuit breaker.

[0021] In one possible implementation, the second groove includes a mating sidewall that surrounds and is spaced apart from the igniter, with the inlet located on the mating sidewall.

[0022] The design of the inlet being located on the mating side wall avoids reserving space for the air passage in the first sub-casing, which helps to reduce the size of the first sub-casing in the first direction, which in turn helps to reduce the size of the circuit breaker in the first direction, and facilitates the miniaturization design of the circuit breaker.

[0023] In one possible implementation, in the second direction, the inlet faces away from the receiving slot.

[0024] In the second direction, the design of the inlet facing away from the receiving groove is beneficial to reducing the distance between the inlet and the receiving groove in the second direction, shortening the length of the air passage, increasing the rate at which gas is transported from the inlet through the air passage to the receiving groove, increasing the driving force of the gas on the moving parts, and improving the breaking capacity of the circuit breaker.

[0025] In one possible implementation, the inlet is located on the surface of the first sub-shell facing the partition, and the projection of the inlet along the first direction at least partially overlaps with the projection of the igniter along the first direction.

[0026] The inlet is located on the surface of the first sub-shell facing the partition. The design of the inlet's projection along the first direction at least partially overlapping the projection of the igniter along the first direction ensures that the gas generated by the explosion of the igniter can be transmitted from the inlet to the gas passage along the first direction. This helps to reduce the flow resistance of the gas, improve the efficiency of gas transmission from the inlet to the gas passage, increase the driving force of the gas on the moving parts, and improve the breaking capacity of the circuit breaker.

[0027] In one possible implementation, the receiving groove includes a receiving sidewall that surrounds the moving member, and the outlet is located in the receiving sidewall.

[0028] The design of the outlet being located on the side wall of the containment can avoid reserving space for an air passage on the side of the containment tank facing away from the flow channel in the first direction, which is beneficial to reducing the size of the circuit breaker in the first direction and is conducive to the miniaturization design of the circuit breaker.

[0029] In one possible implementation, in the second direction, the outlet faces away from the mounting groove.

[0030] In the second direction, the design of the outlet facing away from the mounting groove is beneficial to reducing the distance between the outlet and the mounting groove in the second direction, shortening the length of the air passage, increasing the rate at which gas is transported from the inlet through the air passage to the receiving groove, increasing the driving force of the gas on the moving parts, and improving the breaking capacity of the circuit breaker.

[0031] In one possible implementation, the outlet is located on the surface of the receiving tank facing the opening of the receiving tank, and the projection of the outlet along the first direction at least partially overlaps with the projection of the moving part along the first direction.

[0032] The outlet is located on the surface of the receiving tank facing the opening of the receiving tank. The design that the projection of the outlet along the first direction at least partially overlaps with the projection of the moving part along the first direction ensures that the gas can push the moving part along the first direction, which helps to reduce the flow resistance of the gas, increases the driving force of the gas on the moving part, and improves the breaking capacity of the circuit breaker.

[0033] In one possible implementation, the flow channel is arranged along the second direction, and the projection of the mounting groove along the first direction overlaps with the projection of the flow channel along the first direction.

[0034] The design of having the flow channel arranged along the second direction and the projection of the mounting groove along the first direction overlapping with the projection of the flow channel along the first direction is beneficial to improving the space utilization of the flow channel, ignition device and moving parts, reducing the size of the circuit breaker in the third direction, and facilitating the miniaturization design of the circuit breaker.

[0035] In one possible implementation, the flow channel is arranged along a third direction, and in a second direction, the flow channel is located on one side of the mounting groove, with the third direction being perpendicular to both the first and second directions.

[0036] In the second direction, the design of the flow channel being located on one side of the mounting slot avoids reserving space for the flow channel on the side of the mounting slot near the second housing. This allows for more design space for the mounting slot, reducing its design complexity and the manufacturing cost of the circuit breaker. Furthermore, the flow channel can be arranged in various ways, further reducing its design complexity and manufacturing cost.

[0037] In one possible implementation, there are multiple receiving slots, multiple moving parts, and multiple air passages. Each receiving slot is connected to a moving part, and each receiving slot has at least one outlet of the air passage on its wall. Among the multiple receiving slots, at least two are located on both sides of the mounting slot in the second direction.

[0038] When a moving part breaks the flow path, a short-circuit arc is formed at the break point, keeping the flow path electrically connected for a certain period until the energy of the short-circuit arc is dissipated. This prolongs the breaking time of the circuit breaker. By using a single igniter to drive multiple moving parts to break the same flow path, multiple short-circuit arcs are formed, which helps reduce the energy of the short-circuit arcs formed when breaking the flow path, facilitates the elimination of the short-circuit arcs, and improves the breaking capacity of the circuit breaker.

[0039] Secondly, embodiments of this application also provide a power conversion device. The power conversion device includes a housing, a circuit board, and a circuit breaker as described in any of the first aspects. Both the circuit board and the circuit breaker are housed in the housing, and the circuit breaker is mounted on the circuit board.

[0040] Thirdly, embodiments of this application also provide an energy storage system. The energy storage system includes an energy storage battery and a circuit breaker as described in any of the first aspects, wherein the current-carrying bus of the circuit breaker is electrically connected to the energy storage battery.

[0041] Fourthly, embodiments of this application also provide an electric vehicle. The electric vehicle includes a battery, an inverter circuit, a motor, and a circuit breaker as described in any one of the first aspects. The inverter circuit is electrically connected between the battery and the motor, and the current-carrying bus of the circuit breaker is electrically connected between the battery and the inverter circuit. Attached Figure Description

[0042] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the background art, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments of this application or the background art will be described below.

[0043] Figure 1 is a structural block diagram of an application scenario of a power conversion device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0044] Figure 2 is a structural block diagram of an application scenario of an energy storage system provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0045] Figure 3 is a structural block diagram of an electric vehicle provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0046] Figure 4 is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a circuit breaker in a closed state according to an embodiment of this application;

[0047] Figure 5 is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the circuit breaker shown in Figure 4 cut along line AA;

[0048] Figure 6 is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the circuit breaker shown in Figure 4 cut along line BB;

[0049] Figure 7 is a cross-sectional view of the circuit breaker shown in Figure 4 taken along line AA;

[0050] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the circuit breaker shown in Figure 4 cut along line BB;

[0051] Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the circuit breaker shown in Figure 8 in the open state;

[0052] Figure 10 is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the circuit breaker shown in Figure 4, omitting the third sub-shell, the second shell, and the flow channel;

[0053] Figure 11 is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the circuit breaker shown in Figure 10 cut along the CC line;

[0054] Figure 12 is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the second sub-casing of the circuit breaker shown in Figure 10 from another angle;

[0055] Figure 13 is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the second subshell shown in Figure 12 from another angle;

[0056] Figure 14 is a schematic diagram of the cross-section of another circuit breaker provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0057] Figure 15 is a schematic diagram of the cross-section of another circuit breaker provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0058] Figure 16 is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of another circuit breaker provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0059] Figure 17 is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the circuit breaker shown in Figure 16 cut along the DD line;

[0060] Figure 18 is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the circuit breaker shown in Figure 16 cut along line EE;

[0061] Figure 19 is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of another circuit breaker provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0062] Figure 20 is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the circuit breaker shown in Figure 19 cut along line FF. Detailed Implementation

[0063] This application provides a power circuit breaker, a power conversion device, and an electric vehicle. The power circuit breaker can be applied to various power systems. For example, it can be used in power conversion devices, energy storage systems, or electric vehicles.

[0064] The embodiments of this application are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0065] Please refer to Figures 1, 2, and 3. Figure 1 is a structural block diagram of an application scenario of a power conversion device 1 provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 2 is a structural block diagram of an application scenario of an energy storage system 5 provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 3 is a structural block diagram of an electric vehicle 6 provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0066] As shown in Figure 1, the power conversion device 1 can be a photovoltaic inverter. The power conversion device 1 can be used to convert the direct current (DC) output from the photovoltaic module 2 into alternating current (AC) and supply it to the power grid or load 3. The power conversion device 1 includes a housing 100, a circuit board 200, a power module 300, and a circuit breaker 400, all housed within the housing 100. The power module 300 and the circuit breaker 400 are mounted on the circuit board 200, and the power module 300 is electrically connected to the circuit breaker 400 via the circuit board 200. Specifically, the circuit breaker 400 is electrically connected to the photovoltaic module 2 via the circuit board 200, and the power module 300 is connected to the power grid or load 3 via the circuit board 200. The DC output from the photovoltaic module 2 is supplied to the power module 300 via the circuit breaker 400. The power module 300 converts the DC power into AC power and supplies it to the power grid or load 3. When a short circuit fault occurs in the circuit, if the current flowing through the circuit breaker 400 exceeds a preset threshold, the circuit breaker 400 can disconnect to cut off the electrical connection between the photovoltaic module 2 and the power conversion device 1, so as to avoid an electrical accident.

[0067] In some other embodiments, the power conversion device 1 can also be used to convert AC power output from the power grid into DC power to supply DC loads. When a short-circuit fault occurs in the circuit, if the current flowing through the circuit breaker 400 exceeds a preset threshold, the circuit breaker 400 can disconnect to cut off the electrical connection between the DC load and the power conversion device 1, thus preventing electrical accidents.

[0068] As shown in Figure 2, the energy storage system 5 can be electrically connected to the power grid or load 3 via the power conversion device 1. The energy storage system 5 includes an energy storage battery 500 and a circuit breaker 400. The circuit breaker 400 is electrically connected between the energy storage battery 500 and the power conversion device 1. The energy storage battery 500 can output direct current (DC) power, which is then transmitted to the power conversion device 1 via the circuit breaker 400. The power conversion device 1 converts the DC power into alternating current (AC) power and transmits it to the power grid or load 3 to supply power. Multiple energy storage batteries 500 can be connected in series, and the circuit breaker 400 is electrically connected to these series-connected batteries. In some other embodiments, the power grid or load 3 can also output AC power to the power conversion device 1, which converts the AC power into DC power. The DC power is then transmitted to the energy storage battery 500 via the circuit breaker 400 to charge the energy storage battery 500. When a short circuit fault occurs in the circuit, if the current flowing through the circuit breaker 400 exceeds a preset threshold, the circuit breaker 400 can disconnect to cut off the electrical connection between the energy storage system 5 and the power conversion device 1, so as to avoid an electrical accident.

[0069] As shown in Figure 3, the electric vehicle 6 may include a power battery 600 and a powertrain 700. The power battery 600 provides electrical energy to the powertrain 700. The powertrain 700 provides driving force to the electric vehicle 6. The power battery 600 includes a battery 600a and a circuit breaker 400, and the powertrain 700 includes an inverter circuit 800 and a motor 900. The inverter circuit 800 is electrically connected between the battery 600a and the motor 900. The circuit breaker 400 is electrically connected between the battery 600a and the inverter circuit 800. The direct current output from the battery 600a is transmitted to the inverter circuit 800 via the circuit breaker 400. The inverter circuit 800 converts the direct current into alternating current and transmits it to the motor 900 to power the motor. When a short circuit fault occurs, if the current flowing through the circuit breaker 400 exceeds a preset threshold, the circuit breaker 400 can disconnect to cut off the electrical connection between the battery 600a and the inverter circuit 800, thereby preventing an electrical accident. In the embodiment shown in Figure 3, the circuit breaker 400 is applied to the power battery 600. In some other embodiments, the circuit breaker 400 may also be applied to the powertrain 700.

[0070] Please refer to Figures 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, and 9, and in conjunction with Figures 1, 2, and 3. Figure 4 is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a circuit breaker 400 in a closed state according to an embodiment of this application. Figure 5 is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the circuit breaker 400 shown in Figure 4 cut along line AA. Figure 6 is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the circuit breaker 400 shown in Figure 4 cut along line BB. Figure 7 is a cross-sectional view of the circuit breaker 400 shown in Figure 4 cut along line AA. Figure 8 is a structural diagram of the circuit breaker 400 shown in Figure 4 cut along line BB. Figure 9 is a structural diagram of the circuit breaker 400 shown in Figure 8 in an open state. It should be noted that the black filled line in Figure 6 is used to indicate the position of the gas passage 13. The dashed line in Figure 7 is used to indicate the flow direction of the gas generated by the explosion of the ignition device 40.

[0071] As shown in Figures 4 and 5, the circuit breaker 400 includes a first housing 10, a second housing 20, a flow channel 30, an ignition device 40, and a moving component 50. For ease of description, this application defines any three perpendicular directions as the first direction (i.e., the Z-axis direction shown in the figure), the second direction (i.e., the X-axis direction shown in the figure), and the third direction (i.e., the Y-axis direction shown in the figure), respectively. The second direction is perpendicular to the first direction, and the third direction is perpendicular to both the first and second directions. In the embodiment shown in Figures 4 and 5, the first direction is the thickness direction of the flow channel 30. The second direction is the length direction of the flow channel 30, and the third direction is the width direction of the flow channel 30. In some other embodiments, the second direction may also be the width direction of the flow channel 30, and the third direction may be the length direction of the flow channel 30. For ease of description, the following detailed description is based on the structure of the circuit breaker 400 in the closed state.

[0072] In the Z-axis direction (i.e., the first direction), the first housing 10 and the second housing 20 are arranged opposite to each other, and the flow channel 30 is disposed between the first housing 10 and the second housing 20. Specifically, the flow channel 30 abuts against the first housing 10 and the second housing 20. The first housing 10 is provided with a receiving groove 11 and a mounting groove 12. The receiving groove 11 is arranged along the Z-axis direction (i.e., the first direction). The opening 110 of the receiving groove 11 faces the flow channel 30. The projection of the receiving groove 11 along the Z-axis direction overlaps with the projection of the flow channel 30 along the Z-axis direction. In the X-axis direction (i.e., the second direction), the mounting groove 12 is spaced apart from the receiving groove 11. Specifically, in the X-axis direction, the mounting groove 12 is arranged opposite to the receiving groove 11, and the projection of the mounting groove 12 along the X-axis direction overlaps with the projection of the receiving groove 11 along the X-axis direction. This is beneficial for improving the space utilization of the first housing 10, for the miniaturization design of the first housing 10, and for the miniaturization design of the circuit breaker 400. In some other embodiments, the mounting groove 12 and the receiving groove 11 may not be arranged opposite each other in the X-axis direction. The mounting groove 12 is arranged along the Z-axis direction. In the Z-axis direction, the opening 120 of the mounting groove 12 faces away from the flow channel 30.

[0073] The second housing 20 is provided with a receiving corresponding groove 21. The receiving corresponding groove 21 is arranged along the Z-axis direction, and the opening 210 of the receiving corresponding groove 21 faces the flow channel 30; wherein, the projection of the receiving corresponding groove 21 along the Z-axis direction overlaps with the projection of the flow channel 30 along the Z-axis direction. In the Z-axis direction, the receiving corresponding groove 21 is arranged opposite to the receiving groove 11. Specifically, the projection of the receiving corresponding groove 21 along the Z-axis direction overlaps with the projection of the receiving groove 11 along the Z-axis direction.

[0074] The ignition device 40 is housed in the mounting slot 12. In the Z-axis direction, the side of the ignition device 40 facing away from the flow channel 30 is exposed outside the first housing 10. The moving member 50 is slidably connected to the housing slot 11 along the Z-axis direction (i.e., the first direction). In the Z-axis direction, the moving member 50 is located on one side of the flow channel 30. The projection of the ignition device 40 along the X-axis direction (i.e., the second direction) at least partially overlaps with the projection of the moving member 50 along the X-axis direction (i.e., the second direction). For example, the projection of the ignition device 40 along the X-axis direction partially overlaps with the projection of the moving member 50 along the X-axis direction.

[0075] As shown in Figures 5, 6, and 7, the first housing 10 is further provided with at least one air passage 13, which connects the receiving groove 11 and the mounting groove 12. Each air passage 13 includes an inlet 13a and an outlet 13b. The inlet 13a is located on the groove wall of the mounting groove 12 and communicates with the mounting groove 12. The outlet 13b is located on the groove wall of the receiving groove 11 and communicates with the receiving groove 11. In the Z-axis direction (i.e., the first direction), the distance d1 between the inlet 13a and the flow channel 30 is less than the distance d2 between the surface 501 of the moving member 50 facing away from the second housing 20 and the flow channel 30. In the Z-axis direction, the outlet 13b is at least partially located on the side of the moving member 50 facing away from the flow channel 30. Specifically, the outlet 13b is partially located on the side of the moving member 50 facing away from the flow channel 30, and its projection along the X-axis direction partially overlaps with the projection of the moving member 50 along the X-axis direction. The igniter 40 is used to drive the moving member 50 to break the flow channel 30 along the Z-axis direction (i.e., the first direction). Specifically, the ignition device 40 can explode and generate gas, which flows sequentially through inlet 13a, at least one gas passage 13, and outlet 13b to the receiving groove 11, thereby driving the moving part 50 to break the flow channel 30 along the Z-axis direction (i.e., the first direction). In the X-axis direction, the gas passage 13 is located between the receiving groove 11 and the mounting groove 12. This shortens the length of the gas passage 13, improves the efficiency of the gas generated by the explosion of the ignition device 40 flowing through the gas passage 13 to the receiving groove 11, increases the driving force of the gas on the moving part 50, and enhances the breaking capacity of the circuit breaker 400.

[0076] As shown in Figures 6, 8, and 9, during the transition of the breaker 400 from a closed state to an open state, the moving part 50 interrupts the flow channel 30 along the Z-axis and extends into the corresponding receiving groove 21. The moving part 50 slides along the Z-axis away from the first housing 10 until it abuts against the groove wall of the corresponding receiving groove 21 facing the opening 210 of the groove 21. When the breaker 400 is in the open state, the flow channel 30 is interrupted. The moving part 50 is partially received in the receiving groove 11 and partially extends into the corresponding receiving groove 21, abutting against the groove wall of the corresponding receiving groove 21 facing the opening 210 of the groove 21. In the Z-axis direction, the moving part 50 is located on the side of the igniter 40 facing the second housing 20.

[0077] When the moving part 50 breaks the flow channel 30, a short-circuit arc will form at the break point, causing the disconnected flow channel 30 to remain electrically connected for a certain period of time until the energy of the short-circuit arc is eliminated. This will prolong the breaking time of the circuit breaker 400. The design of the moving part 50 abutting against the groove wall of the receiving corresponding slot 21 facing the opening 210 of the receiving corresponding slot 21 ensures that the short-circuit arc can be transmitted to the second housing 20 through the moving part 50 to achieve rapid arc extinguishing. This helps to shorten the time when the moving part 50 breaks the flow channel 30 and remains electrically connected, which helps to improve the breaking capacity of the circuit breaker 400.

[0078] For example, there are multiple receiving slots 11, multiple corresponding receiving slots 21, multiple moving parts 50, and multiple air passages 13. Each receiving slot 11 is connected to one moving part 50, and each receiving slot 11 has at least one outlet 13b of an air passage 13 on its slot wall. Among the multiple receiving slots 11, at least two are located on both sides of the mounting slot 12 in the X-axis direction (i.e., the second direction). In the Z-axis direction, each corresponding receiving slot 21 is arranged opposite to one receiving slot 11. Specifically, there are two receiving slots 11, two corresponding receiving slots 21, two moving parts 50, and two air passages 13. Each receiving slot 11 has one outlet 13b of an air passage 13 on its slot wall, and the outlets 13b of the two air passages 13 are respectively arranged on the slot walls of the two receiving slots 11. The two receiving slots 11 are located on both sides of the mounting slot 12 in the X-axis direction. The two receiving slots 11 are symmetrically arranged relative to the mounting slot 12 in the X-axis direction. The distance between the two receiving slots 11 and the mounting slot 12 in the X-axis direction is equal. Two gas channels 13 are located between two receiving slots 11 and mounting slots 12, respectively. The gas from the explosion of the ignition device 40 can flow through multiple gas channels 13 to the corresponding receiving slots 11, thereby driving each moving part 50 to break the flow channel 30 along the Z-axis.

[0079] When the moving part 50 breaks the flow channel 30, a short-circuit arc will form at the break point, causing the disconnected flow channel 30 to remain electrically connected for a certain period of time until the energy of the short-circuit arc is eliminated. This prolongs the breaking time of the circuit breaker 400. Multiple moving parts 50 can be driven by one igniter 40 to break the same flow channel 30, causing multiple short-circuit arcs to form on the flow channel 30. This helps reduce the energy of the short-circuit arc formed by breaking the flow channel 30, facilitates the elimination of the short-circuit arc, and improves the breaking capacity of the circuit breaker 400. The design that the two receiving slots 11 are equally spaced from the mounting slot 12 in the X-axis direction helps improve the synchronicity of the gas flow generated by the explosion of the igniter 40 to the two receiving slots 11, improves the synchronicity of the two moving parts 50 breaking the flow channel 30, and improves the breaking capacity of the circuit breaker 400. In other embodiments, the number of receiving slots 11, the number of corresponding receiving slots 21, the number of moving parts 50, and the number of air passages 13 may be one, three, four, or more. Each receiving slot 11 may also be connected to the mounting slot 12 through multiple air passages 13. In the receiving slot 11 and the multiple air passages 13 that connect the receiving slot 11 to the mounting slot 12, the outlet 13b of each air passage 13 is disposed on the slot wall of the receiving slot 11. In other embodiments, in each air passage 13, there may be multiple outlets 13b, and the outlets 13b of the multiple air passages 13 are all disposed on the slot wall of one receiving slot 11.

[0080] As shown in Figures 1, 5, and 6, when the circuit breaker 400 is used in the power conversion device 1, the current-carrying bus 30 of the circuit breaker 400 is electrically connected to the photovoltaic module 2 and the power module 300 via the circuit board 200. The current-carrying bus 30 can be electrically connected between the positive terminal of the photovoltaic module 2 and the positive terminal of the power module 300. Alternatively, the current-carrying bus 30 can also be electrically connected between the negative terminal of the photovoltaic module 2 and the negative terminal of the power module 300. In some other embodiments, there can be multiple circuit breakers 400, for example, two circuit breakers 400, with one circuit breaker 400's current-carrying bus 30 electrically connected between the positive terminal of the photovoltaic module 2 and the positive terminal of the power module 300; and the other circuit breaker 400's current-carrying bus 30 electrically connected between the negative terminal of the photovoltaic module 2 and the negative terminal of the power module 300. When a short-circuit fault occurs in the circuit, if the current flowing through the current-carrying bus 30 exceeds a preset threshold, the current-carrying bus 30 is interrupted by the moving part 50 to protect the circuit.

[0081] As shown in Figures 2, 5, and 6, when the circuit breaker 400 is used in the energy storage system 5, the current-carrying bus 30 of the circuit breaker 400 is electrically connected between the energy storage battery 500 and the power conversion device 1. Refer to the connection details of the power conversion device 1. When a short-circuit fault occurs in the circuit, if the current flowing through the current-carrying bus 30 exceeds a preset threshold, the current-carrying bus 30 is interrupted by the moving part 50 to protect the circuit.

[0082] As shown in Figures 3, 5, and 6, when the circuit breaker 400 is used in the electric vehicle 6, the current-carrying bus 30 of the circuit breaker 400 is electrically connected between the battery 600a and the inverter circuit 800. Refer to the connection details of the power conversion device 1. When a short-circuit fault occurs in the circuit, if the current flowing through the current-carrying bus 30 exceeds a preset threshold, the current-carrying bus 30 is interrupted by the moving part 50 to protect the circuit.

[0083] As shown in Figures 5, 6, and 7, in the circuit breaker 400 provided in this embodiment, the circuit breaker 400 is integrated into the circuit, and the circuit breaker 400 transmits current through the current-carrying busbar 30. The ignition device 40 contains gunpowder or explosives. When an electrical accident such as a short circuit occurs in the circuit, the gunpowder or explosives will be ignited, and the explosion of the gunpowder or explosives will produce gas. The gas will flow from the ignition device 40 through the inlet 13a, the gas passage 13, and the outlet 13b to the receiving groove 11, and then drive the moving part 50 to move along the Z-axis direction (i.e., the first direction) and interrupt the current-carrying busbar 30 to protect the circuit.

[0084] In order to ensure that the gas generated by the explosion of the ignition device 40 can drive the moving part 50 to break the flow channel 30 along the Z-axis direction (i.e., the first direction), the existing technology requires that the ignition device 40 be located on the side of the moving part 50 facing away from the flow channel 30 in the Z-axis direction (i.e., the first direction). This results in the ignition device 40 and the moving part 50 occupying too much space in the Z-axis direction (i.e., the first direction), and the size of the circuit breaker 400 in the Z-axis direction (i.e., the first direction) is relatively large. This is not conducive to the miniaturization design of the circuit breaker 400, and it is inconvenient to use in small space scenarios, thus narrowing the application scenarios.

[0085] Compared to existing technologies, this application achieves decoupling of the positions of the igniter 40 and the moving part 50 in the Z-axis direction (i.e., the first direction) by designing that the distance d1 between the inlet 13a and the flow channel 30 is smaller than the distance d2 between the surface 501 of the moving part 50 facing away from the second housing 20 and the flow channel 30, and the outlet 13b is located on the side of the moving part 50 facing away from the flow channel 30 and connected to the receiving groove 11. The projection can at least partially overlap with the projection of the moving part 50 along the X-axis direction (i.e., the second direction), avoiding the ignition device 40 and the moving part 50 occupying too much space in the Z-axis direction (i.e., the first direction). This is beneficial for reducing the size of the circuit breaker 400 in the Z-axis direction (i.e., the first direction), which is conducive to the miniaturization design of the circuit breaker 400. The circuit breaker 400 can be applied in small space scenarios, which is beneficial for broadening the application scenarios of the circuit breaker 400. Moreover, it is beneficial for improving the design flexibility of the circuit breaker 400, reducing the design difficulty of the circuit breaker 400, and reducing the processing cost of the circuit breaker 400.

[0086] Please refer to Figures 10, 11, 12, and 13, and in conjunction with Figures 4, 6, and 8. Figure 10 is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the circuit breaker 400 shown in Figure 4, omitting the third sub-housing 103, the second housing 20, and the flow channel 30. Figure 11 is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the circuit breaker 400 shown in Figure 10, cut along line CC. Figure 12 is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the second sub-housing 102 of the circuit breaker 400 shown in Figure 10 from another angle. Figure 13 is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the second sub-housing 102 shown in Figure 12 from another angle. It should be noted that the black filled line in Figure 11 is used to indicate the position of the air passage 13.

[0087] As shown in Figures 8, 10, and 11, in some embodiments, the first housing 10 includes a first sub-housing 101, a second sub-housing 102, and a third sub-housing 103 sequentially arranged in the Z-axis direction (i.e., the first direction). The first sub-housing 101 abuts against the flow channel 30. The first sub-housing 101 and the flow channel 30 can be integrally formed, which is beneficial for improving strength and structural reliability. The third sub-housing 103 covers the outside of the second sub-housing 102, and both the second sub-housing 102 and the third sub-housing 103 are fixedly connected to the side of the first sub-housing 101 facing away from the flow channel 30. In other embodiments, the third sub-housing 103 can also be fixedly connected to the side of the second sub-housing 102 facing away from the first sub-housing 101, and the third sub-housing 103 can be spaced apart from the first sub-housing 101.

[0088] A receiving groove 11 is disposed in the second sub-housing 102 and extends through the first sub-housing 101 along the Z-axis direction (i.e., the first direction). Specifically, the first sub-housing 101 has a sub-hole 1011 that extends through the first sub-housing 1011 along the Z-axis direction; the second sub-housing 102 has a sub-groove 1021 that is disposed along the Z-axis direction and communicates with the sub-hole 1011 to form the receiving groove 11. A mounting groove 12 extends through the second sub-housing 102 along the Z-axis direction (i.e., the first direction). The first sub-housing 101 covers the mounting groove 12. Specifically, the projection of the first sub-housing 101 along the Z-axis direction covers the entire projection of the mounting groove 12 along the Z-axis direction. It can be understood that the groove wall of the mounting groove 12 includes the portion of the first sub-housing 101 that covers the mounting groove 12. The third sub-housing 103 abuts against the ignition device 40 and is fitted onto the outside of the ignition device 40. The gas passage 13 is at least partially disposed in the second sub-housing 102.

[0089] Furthermore, the mounting groove 12 is provided with a partition 121, which divides the mounting groove 12 into a first groove 122 and a second groove 123 in the Z-axis direction (i.e., the first direction). The second groove 123 is located on the side of the first groove 122 facing the first sub-housing 101. The partition 121 is also provided with a through hole 1211, which communicates with the first groove 122 and the second groove 123. The through hole 1211 penetrates the partition 121 along the Z-axis direction. The ignition device 40 is partially housed in the first groove 122, partially passes through the through hole 1211 and extends into the second groove 123, and the inlet 13a communicates with the second groove 123.

[0090] Furthermore, the area of ​​the portion of the igniter 40 housed in the first slot 122 projected along the Z-axis (i.e., the first direction) is greater than the area of ​​the through hole 1211 projected along the Z-axis (i.e., the first direction).

[0091] In this embodiment, the ignition device 40 includes a first part 41, a second part 42, and a third part 43. In the Z-axis direction, the second part 42 is fixedly connected to one side of the first part 41, and the third part 43 is fixedly connected to the side of the first part 41 facing away from the second part 42. The first part 41 is received in the first groove 122 and abuts against the side of the partition 121 facing away from the second groove 123. The second part 42 passes through the through hole 1211 and partially extends into the second groove 123. The third part 43 faces away from the first sub-housing 101. The projected area of ​​the first part 41 along the Z-axis direction is larger than the projected area of ​​the through hole 1211 along the Z-axis direction. The third sub-housing 103 abuts against the side of the first part 41 facing away from the second part 42 and is fitted onto the outside of the third part 43. Specifically, the third sub-housing 103 also has a through hole 1031, which penetrates the third sub-housing 103 along the Z-axis direction. The third part 43 of the ignition device 40 is inserted into the through hole 1031.

[0092] During the assembly of the circuit breaker 400, the moving part 50 is first housed in the receiving groove 11 by assembling the first sub-housing 101 and the second sub-housing 102; the ignition device 40 is placed in the mounting groove 12, and then the third sub-housing 103 is brought into contact with the ignition device 40, so that the ignition device 40 is housed in the mounting groove 12. Specifically, during the assembly of the circuit breaker 400, the moving part 50 is first housed in the sub-groove 1021 of the second sub-housing 102, and then the first sub-housing 101 and the second sub-housing 102 are fixedly connected by means including but not limited to welding or pressing, so that the moving part 50 is housed in the receiving groove 11. The ignition device 40 is placed in the mounting slot 12, with the first part 41 of the ignition device 40 abutting against the side of the partition 121 facing away from the second slot 123, and the second part 42 of the ignition device 40 passing through the through hole 1211 and partially extending into the second slot 123. Then, the third sub-housing 103 is fixedly connected to the first sub-housing 101, with the third sub-housing 103 abutting against the first part 41 and fitted onto the outside of the third part 43, thus housing the ignition device 40 in the mounting slot 12. This reduces the assembly difficulty of the circuit breaker 400, facilitates manufacturing, and helps reduce processing costs.

[0093] The second slot 123 is located on the side of the first slot 122 facing the first sub-housing 101. The ignition device 40 is partially housed in the first slot 122, and partially passes through the through hole 1211 and extends into the second slot 123. The design of the inlet 13a communicating with the second slot 123 ensures that the gas generated by the explosion of the ignition device 40 can be sequentially transmitted to the gas passage 13 through the second slot 123 and the inlet 13a. The second slot 123 can disperse the gas pressure generated by the explosion of the ignition device 40, preventing the gas pressure generated by the explosion of the ignition device 40 from concentrating in the mounting slot 12, which could damage the first sub-housing 101 and the second sub-housing 102. This is beneficial to improving the operational reliability and safety of the circuit breaker 400. Moreover, the structure is simple and stable, easy to manufacture, and helps to reduce the processing cost of the circuit breaker 400. In addition, by controlling the position of the partition 121, the size of the second groove 123 in the Z-axis direction (i.e., the first direction) can be controlled, which makes it easier to adjust the size of the second groove 123 and adjust the efficiency of the gas generated by the explosion of the ignition device 40 from the inlet 13a to the gas passage 13 through the second groove 123. This helps to reduce the difficulty of adjustment and the cost of adjustment.

[0094] The design that the area of ​​the portion of the igniter 40 housed in the first groove 122 (i.e., the first part 41) projected along the Z-axis (i.e., the first direction) is larger than the area of ​​the through hole 1211 projected along the Z-axis (i.e., the first direction) ensures that the partition 121 can support the portion of the igniter 40 housed in the first groove 122 (i.e., the first part 41), which is beneficial to improving structural stability and reliability, and also beneficial to improving the stability of the movement of the igniter 40 driving the moving part 50.

[0095] In some embodiments, the first sub-housing 101 is spaced apart from the ignition device 40. Specifically, in the Z-axis direction, the first sub-housing 101 is spaced apart from the second part 42. This spaced-apart design between the first sub-housing 101 and the ignition device 40 increases the space of the second slot 123, allowing it to accommodate more gas generated by the explosion of the ignition device 40. This prevents the gas pressure generated by the explosion from concentrating in the mounting slot 12, which could damage the first sub-housing 101 and the second sub-housing 102. This also improves the operational reliability and safety of the circuit breaker 400.

[0096] As shown in Figures 8, 11, and 12, in some embodiments, the second groove 123 includes a mating sidewall 1231, which surrounds and is spaced apart from the ignition device 40. An inlet 13a is located on the mating sidewall 1231, specifically on the surface of the mating sidewall 1231 facing the ignition device 40. In the Z-axis direction, the mating sidewall 1231 is fixedly connected between the first sub-housing 101 and the partition 121. The mating sidewall 1231 surrounds and is spaced apart from the second part 42. The inlet 13a is located on the surface of the mating sidewall 1231 facing the second part 42. This design, with the inlet 13a located on the mating sidewall 1231, avoids reserving space in the first sub-housing 101 for the gas passage 13, which helps reduce the size of the circuit breaker 400 in the Z-axis direction (i.e., the first direction) and facilitates the miniaturization design of the circuit breaker 400.

[0097] Furthermore, in the X-axis direction (i.e., the second direction), the inlet 13a faces away from the receiving groove 11. Specifically, the inlet 13a is located on the surface of the mating sidewall 1231 facing away from the receiving groove 11.

[0098] Furthermore, the receiving slot 11 includes a receiving sidewall 111 that surrounds the moving member 50, and an outlet 13b is located on the receiving sidewall 111. Specifically, the outlet 13b is located on the surface of the receiving sidewall 111 facing the moving member 50.

[0099] Furthermore, in the X-axis direction (i.e., the second direction), the outlet 13b faces away from the mounting groove 12. Specifically, the outlet 13b is located on the surface of the receiving sidewall 111 facing away from the mounting groove 12.

[0100] In this embodiment, the receiving sidewall 111 includes a first sub-sidewall 1111 and a second sub-sidewall 1112. In the X-axis direction, the first sub-sidewall 1111 and the second sub-sidewall 1112 are opposite to and spaced apart, with the first sub-sidewall 1111 facing away from the mounting groove 12 and the second sub-sidewall 1112 facing the mounting groove 12. The two receiving grooves 11 are divided into a first receiving groove 11a and a second receiving groove 11b. In the X-axis direction, the first receiving groove 11a and the second receiving groove 11b are located on opposite sides of the mounting groove 12. The mating sidewall 1231 includes a first sub-wall 1231a and a second sub-wall 1231b. In the X-axis direction, the first sub-wall 1231a and the second sub-wall 1231b are opposite to and spaced apart. In the X-axis direction, the first sub-wall 1231a faces the second receiving groove 11b, and the second sub-wall 1231b faces the second receiving groove 11b. Both air passages 13 are disposed in the second sub-housing 102. In the X-axis direction, one air passage 13 is located between the first receiving groove 11a and the mounting groove 12, and is connected to the first receiving groove 11a and the mounting groove 12; the other air passage 13 is located between the second receiving groove 11b and the mounting groove 12, and is connected to the second receiving groove 11b and the mounting groove 12.

[0101] In the air passage 13 communicating with the first receiving groove 11a and the mounting groove 12, the air passage 13 includes a first section 131, a second section 132, and a third section 133. In the Z-axis direction, the first section 131 and the second section 132 are arranged opposite each other. The third section 133 is arranged along the Z-axis direction and communicates between the first section 131 and the second section 132. The first section 131 is arranged along the X-axis direction to the first sub-wall 1231a and communicates with the second groove 123, and has an inlet 13a located on the surface of the first sub-wall 1231a facing the second sub-wall 1231b. In the X-axis direction, the inlet 13a faces away from the first receiving groove 11a. The second section 132 is arranged along the X-axis direction to the first sub-sidewall 1111 and communicates with the first receiving groove 11a, and has an outlet 13b located on the surface of the first sub-sidewall 1111 facing the second sub-sidewall 1112. In the X-axis direction, the outlet 13b faces away from the mounting groove 12. The description of the air passage 13 that communicates with the second receiving slot 11b and the mounting slot 12 can be found above and will not be repeated here.

[0102] The design of the inlet 13a facing away from the receiving groove 11 in the X-axis direction (i.e., the second direction) is beneficial to reducing the distance between the inlet 13a and the receiving groove 11 in the X-axis direction (i.e., the second direction), shortening the length of the air passage 13, increasing the rate at which gas is transported from the inlet 13a through the air passage 13 to the receiving groove 11, increasing the driving force of the gas on the moving part 50, and improving the breaking capacity of the circuit breaker 400.

[0103] The design of outlet 13b located on the receiving side wall 111 avoids reserving space for air passage 13 on the side of receiving slot 11 facing away from the flow channel 30 along the Z-axis direction (i.e., the first direction), which is beneficial to reducing the size of the circuit breaker 400 in the Z-axis direction (i.e., the first direction) and is beneficial to the miniaturization design of the circuit breaker 400.

[0104] The design of the outlet 13b facing away from the mounting groove 12 in the X-axis direction (i.e., the second direction) is beneficial to reducing the distance between the outlet 13b and the mounting groove 12 in the X-axis direction (i.e., the second direction), shortening the length of the air passage 13, increasing the rate at which gas is transported from the inlet 13a through the air passage 13 to the receiving groove 11, increasing the driving force of the gas on the moving part 50, and improving the breaking capacity of the circuit breaker 400.

[0105] In some embodiments, the receiving groove 11 further includes a receiving bottom wall 112. In the Z-axis direction, the receiving bottom wall 112 is disposed opposite to the opening 110 of the receiving groove 11, and the receiving bottom wall 112 is fixedly connected to the receiving side wall 111. In the Z-axis direction, the receiving bottom wall 112 is disposed opposite to and spaced apart from the moving member 50. The receiving bottom wall 112 and the surface 501 of the moving member 50 facing away from the second housing 20 are stacked and spaced apart. Thus, while ensuring that the dimensions of the receiving bottom wall 112 and the moving member 50 remain unchanged in the Z-axis direction, it is beneficial to increase the volume of the space between the moving member 50 and the receiving bottom wall 112, to reduce the flow resistance of the gas generated by the explosion of the ignition device 40 into the receiving groove 11, to increase the driving force of the gas on the moving member 50, and to improve the breaking capacity of the circuit breaker 400.

[0106] In some embodiments, the moving part 50 is further provided with a mounting protrusion 51 on the side facing away from the second housing 20, and the mounting protrusion 51 abuts against the receiving bottom wall 112. The area of ​​the projection of the mounting protrusion 51 along the Z-axis is smaller than the area of ​​the projection of the moving part 50 along the Z-axis. In this way, by abutting against the receiving bottom wall 112, the assembly and positioning of the moving part 50 is facilitated without affecting the gas driving the moving part 50, which helps to reduce assembly time and reduce the processing cost of the circuit breaker 400.

[0107] As shown in Figures 6, 8, and 11, in some embodiments, the second groove 123 also houses a first sealing member 104. In the Z-axis direction (i.e., the first direction), the first sealing member 104 contacts and is fixedly connected between the first sub-housing 101 and the partition 121. The first sealing member 104 surrounds the igniter 40 and is spaced apart from it. The first sealing member 104 also has a connecting hole 1041, which communicates with the inlet 13a. Specifically, the first sealing member 104 abuts against the first sub-housing 101 and the partition 121. The first sealing member 104 surrounds the second part 42 and is spaced apart from it. Furthermore, in the Z-axis direction, the first sealing member 104 is also spaced apart from the second part 42 (i.e., the igniter 40). The connecting hole 1041 penetrates the first sealing member 104 along the X-axis direction and communicates with the inlet 13a.

[0108] The first seal 104 is used to ensure the sealing of the assembly of the first sub-housing 101 and the second sub-housing 102, thereby ensuring the sealing of the second groove 123 (i.e., the mounting groove 12). This is beneficial to increasing the amount of gas generated by the explosion of the ignition device 40 flowing through the gas passage 13 to the receiving groove 11, which is beneficial to increasing the driving force of the gas on the moving part 50, and beneficial to improving the breaking capacity of the circuit breaker 400.

[0109] As shown in Figures 10, 11, and 13, in some embodiments, the second sub-shell 102 is further provided with a mating hole 1022 on one side in the Z-axis direction (i.e., the first direction). The mating hole 1022 is provided along the Z-axis direction (i.e., the first direction) and communicates with the air passage 13. The first shell 10 also includes a second sealing member 105, which is disposed on the second sub-shell 102 and covers the mating hole 1022.

[0110] Specifically, the mating hole 1022 is arranged along the Z-axis from the side of the second sub-housing 102 facing away from the first sub-housing 101 and communicates with the second section 132 of the air passage 13. The second sealing member 105 is fixedly connected to the side of the second sub-housing 102 facing away from the first sub-housing 101, and the second sealing member 105 is also provided with a protrusion 1051, which passes through the mating hole 1022. In some other embodiments, the second sealing member 105 may not have a protrusion 1051. The mating hole 1022 may also be arranged along the Z-axis from the side of the second sub-housing 102 facing towards the first sub-housing 101 and communicates with the first section 131 of the air passage 13. The second sealing member 105 may also be fixedly connected to the side of the second sub-housing 102 facing towards the first sub-housing 101 and cover the mating hole 1022.

[0111] The design of the hole 1022 facilitates the installation of the gas passage 13 in the second sub-housing 102, which helps reduce the processing difficulty and the processing cost of the breaker 400. The design of the second seal 105 ensures the sealing performance of the gas passage 13, which helps increase the driving force of the gas generated by the explosion of the igniter 40 on the moving part 50, and helps improve the breaking capacity of the breaker 400.

[0112] As shown in Figures 4 and 8, in some embodiments, the flow channel 30 is arranged along the X-axis direction (i.e., the second direction), and the projection of the mounting groove 12 along the Z-axis direction (i.e., the first direction) overlaps with the projection of the flow channel 30 along the Z-axis direction (i.e., the first direction). This design, where the flow channel 30 is arranged along the X-axis direction (i.e., the second direction) and the projection of the mounting groove 12 along the Z-axis direction (i.e., the first direction) overlaps with the projection of the flow channel 30 along the Z-axis direction (i.e., the first direction), is beneficial for improving the space utilization of the flow channel 30, the ignition device 40, and the moving parts 50, and is beneficial for reducing the size of the circuit breaker 400 in the Y-axis direction (i.e., the third direction), thus facilitating the miniaturization design of the circuit breaker 400.

[0113] In some embodiments, the thickness of the portion of the flow channel 30 opposite to the moving member 50 in the Z-axis direction is less than the maximum thickness of the flow channel 30. This design, where the thickness of the portion of the flow channel 30 opposite to the moving member 50 in the Z-axis direction is less than the maximum thickness of the flow channel 30, facilitates the moving member 50 in breaking the flow channel 30, which helps improve the breaking capacity of the circuit breaker 400.

[0114] Specifically, in the Z-axis direction, the surface of the flow channel 30 facing the moving member 50 and / or the surface of the flow channel 30 facing away from the moving member 50 are provided with grooves 31, which are arranged along the Z-axis direction. For example, in the Z-axis direction, both the surface of the flow channel 30 facing the moving member 50 and the surface of the flow channel 30 facing away from the moving member are provided with grooves 31. The projection of the groove 31 along the Z-axis direction overlaps with the projection of the moving member 50 along the Z-axis direction. By providing grooves 31, the thickness of the portion of the flow channel 30 opposite to the moving member 50 can be reduced, resulting in a simple structure, ease of design, and reduced manufacturing costs.

[0115] As shown in Figures 4, 8 and 9, in some embodiments, when the circuit breaker 400 is in the open state, the moving member 50 breaks the flow channel 30 and forms a break 32, and flow sub-channels 33 are formed on both sides of the break 32 along the length direction (i.e., the X-axis direction) of the flow channel 30; the end 331 of the flow sub-channel 33 facing the break 32 bends along the Z-axis direction (i.e., the first direction) toward the receiving corresponding groove 21 and contacts the groove wall of the receiving corresponding groove 21.

[0116] In this embodiment, multiple moving parts 50 break the flow channel 30 and form multiple breaks 32, dividing the flow channel 30 into multiple flow sub-channels 33. For example, there are two breaks 32 and three flow sub-channels 33. The multiple flow sub-channels 33 are arranged sequentially at intervals along the length direction (i.e., the X-axis direction) of the flow channel 30. In the breaks 32 and the flow sub-channels 33 adjacent to the breaks 32, the ends 331 of the flow sub-channels 33 facing the breaks 32 are all bent along the Z-axis direction towards the corresponding receiving groove 21 and contact the groove wall of the corresponding receiving groove 21. In this way, the short-circuit arc generated when the flow channel 30 is broken can be directly transmitted to the second housing 20 to extinguish the arc, which helps to shorten the electrical connection time of the broken flow channel 30 when the moving parts 50 break it, and improves the breaking capacity of the circuit breaker 400.

[0117] Please refer to Figure 14, and in conjunction with Figure 7. Figure 14 is a cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of another circuit breaker 400 provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0118] As shown in Figures 7 and 14, the embodiment shown in Figure 14 is structurally similar to the embodiment shown in Figure 7, except that the position of the inlet 13a is different, correspondingly the structure of the air passage 13 is different, and the arrangement of the connecting hole 1041 of the first seal 104 is different. In the embodiment shown in Figure 14, the inlet 13a is located on the surface 1012 of the first sub-housing 101 facing the partition 121. The projection of the inlet 13a along the Z-axis direction (i.e., the first direction) at least partially overlaps with the projection of the igniter 40 along the Z-axis direction (i.e., the first direction). The connecting hole 1041 of the first seal 104 penetrates the first seal 104 along the Z-axis direction and communicates with the inlet 13a.

[0119] Specifically, the air passage 13 is partially disposed in the first sub-housing 101 and partially disposed in the second sub-housing 102. The air passage 13 includes a second section 132, a third section 133, a fourth section 134, and a fifth section 135, meaning the first section 131 can be omitted. The second section 132 is disposed in the second sub-housing 102, and is arranged along the X-axis and communicates with the receiving groove 11. The third section 133 communicates with the second section 132 and is arranged along the Z-axis toward the second sub-housing 102. A portion of the third section 133 is disposed in the second sub-housing 102, and a portion is disposed in the first sub-housing 101. Both the fourth section 134 and the fifth section 135 are disposed in the first sub-housing 101. In the Z-axis direction, the fourth section 134 is located on the side of the second groove 123 facing away from the ignition device 40, and the fourth section 134 communicates with the third section 133 and is arranged along the X-axis. The fifth segment 135 communicates with the fourth segment 134. The fifth segment 135 is positioned along the Z-axis to the surface 1012 of the first sub-housing 101 facing the partition 121, and communicates with the second groove 123, having an inlet 13a. The projection of the inlet 13a along the Z-axis completely overlaps with the projection of the second part 42 of the ignition device 40 along the Z-axis, that is, the projection of the inlet 13a along the Z-axis completely overlaps with the projection of the portion of the ignition device 40 extending into the second groove 123 along the Z-axis. In this way, the gas generated by the explosion of the ignition device 40 can also drive the moving part 50 to interrupt the flow channel 30. In some other embodiments, the projection of the inlet 13a along the Z-axis may also partially overlap with the projection of the portion of the ignition device 40 extending into the second groove 123 along the Z-axis.

[0120] The inlet 13a is located on the surface of the first sub-shell 101 facing the partition 121. The design of the projection of the inlet 13a along the Z-axis direction (i.e., the first direction) and the projection of the igniter 40 along the Z-axis direction (i.e., the first direction) at least partially overlaps, which ensures that the gas generated by the explosion of the igniter 40 can be transmitted from the inlet 13a to the gas passage 13 along the Z-axis direction (i.e., the first direction). This helps to reduce the flow resistance of the gas, improve the efficiency of the gas transmission from the inlet 13a to the gas passage 13, increase the driving force of the gas on the moving part 50, and improve the breaking capacity of the circuit breaker 400.

[0121] Please refer to Figure 15, and in conjunction with Figure 7. Figure 15 is a cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of another circuit breaker 400 provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0122] As shown in Figures 7 and 15, the embodiment shown in Figure 15 is structurally similar to the embodiment shown in Figure 7, except that the position of the outlet 13b is different. Correspondingly, the structure of the air passage 13 is different, and the arrangement of the mating hole 1022 and the second seal 105 is different. In the embodiment shown in Figure 15, the outlet 13b is located on the surface 1121 of the receiving groove 11 facing the opening 110 of the receiving groove 11. The projection of the outlet 13b along the Z-axis direction (i.e., the first direction) at least partially overlaps with the projection of the moving member 50 along the Z-axis direction (i.e., the first direction).

[0123] Specifically, the air passage 13 includes a first segment 131, a third segment 133, a sixth segment 136, and a seventh segment 137. The first segment 131 is arranged along the X-axis and communicates with the mounting groove 12. The third segment 133 communicates with the first segment 131 and is located away from the second housing 20 along the Z-axis. In the Z-axis direction, the sixth segment 136 is located on the side of the receiving groove 11 facing away from the second housing 20, and the sixth segment 136 communicates with the third segment 133 and is arranged along the X-axis. The seventh segment 137 communicates with the sixth segment 136, and is arranged along the Z-axis to the surface of the receiving bottom wall 112 facing the moving member 50, and communicates with the receiving groove 11 and has an outlet 13b. The outlet 13b is located on the surface of the receiving bottom wall 112 facing the moving member 50 (i.e., the surface 1121 of the receiving groove 11 facing the opening 110 of the receiving groove 11). The mating hole 1022 is arranged along the Z-axis from the side of the second sub-housing 102 facing away from the first sub-housing 101 and communicates with the air passage 13. Specifically, the mating hole 1022 communicates with the sixth segment 136. The second sealing member 105 is fixedly connected to the second sub-housing 102 and covers the mating hole 1022, thus sealing the gas passage 13. For details, please refer to the relevant description of the embodiment shown in Figure 7, which will not be repeated here. In this way, the gas generated by the explosion of the igniter 40 can also drive the moving part 50 to interrupt the flow channel 30.

[0124] The outlet 13b is located on the surface 1121 of the receiving tank 11 facing the opening 110 of the receiving tank 11. The design of the projection of the outlet 13b along the Z-axis direction (i.e., the first direction) and the projection of the moving member 50 along the Z-axis direction (i.e., the first direction) at least partially overlaps, which ensures that the gas can push the moving member 50 along the Z-axis direction (i.e., the first direction), which is beneficial to reducing the flow resistance of the gas, increasing the driving force of the gas on the moving member 50, and improving the breaking capacity of the circuit breaker 400.

[0125] It is understood that in the embodiment shown in Figure 15, the outlet 13b is located on the surface 1121 of the receiving groove 11 facing the opening 110 of the receiving groove 11. The design that the projection of the outlet 13b along the Z-axis direction overlaps with the projection of the moving part 50 along the Z-axis direction can be applied to any of the embodiments shown in Figures 1-14.

[0126] Please refer to Figures 16, 17, and 18, and in conjunction with Figure 6. Figure 16 is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of another circuit breaker 400 provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 17 is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the circuit breaker 400 shown in Figure 16 cut along line DD. Figure 18 is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the circuit breaker 400 shown in Figure 16 cut along line EE. It should be noted that the black filled line in Figure 17 is used to indicate the position of the air passage 13.

[0127] As shown in Figures 6, 16 and 17, the embodiment shown in Figure 16 has a similar structure to the embodiment shown in Figure 6. The difference between the two is that the number of receiving slots 11, the number of corresponding receiving slots 21, the number of moving parts 50 and the number of air passages 13 are different.

[0128] As shown in Figures 16, 17, and 18, in the embodiment shown in Figure 16, the number of receiving slots 11, the number of corresponding receiving slots 21, the number of moving parts 50, and the number of air passages 13 are all one. The gas generated by the explosion of the ignition device 40 flows through the air passage 13 to the receiving slot 11, which can also drive the moving part 50 to break the flow channel 30 along the Z-axis. After breaking the flow channel 30, the moving part 50 can also extend into the corresponding receiving slot 21 and abut against the wall of the corresponding receiving slot 21 facing the opening 210 of the corresponding receiving slot 21. The number of receiving slots 11, the number of corresponding receiving slots 21, the number of moving parts 50, and the number of air passages 13 can be selected appropriately as needed. The design of the circuit breaker 400 is diverse, and the design cost of the circuit breaker 400 is low, which helps to reduce the processing cost of the circuit breaker 400.

[0129] It is understood that the design of having only one receiving slot 11, one corresponding receiving slot 21, one moving part 50, and one air passage 13 in the embodiment shown in Figure 16 can be applied to any of the embodiments shown in Figures 1-15.

[0130] Please refer to Figures 19 and 20, and in conjunction with Figures 1, 2, 3, and 5. Figure 19 is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of another circuit breaker 400 provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 20 is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the circuit breaker 400 shown in Figure 19 cut along line FF.

[0131] As shown in Figures 5, 19, and 20, the embodiment shown in Figure 19 is structurally similar to the embodiment shown in Figure 5. The differences lie in the orientation of the flow channel 30, the positional relationship between the flow channel 30 and the mounting groove 12, the number of flow channels 30, and the correspondence between the flow channels 30 and the moving part 50. In the embodiment shown in Figure 19, the flow channel 30 is arranged along the Y-axis direction (i.e., the third direction), and in the X-axis direction (i.e., the second direction), the flow channel 30 is located on one side of the mounting groove 12. This design, with the flow channel 30 located on one side of the mounting groove 12 in the X-axis direction (i.e., the second direction), avoids reserving space for the flow channel 30 on the side of the mounting groove 12 near the second housing 20, allowing for more design space for the mounting groove 12, reducing the design difficulty of the mounting groove 12, and reducing the processing cost of the circuit breaker 400. Furthermore, the flow channel 30 can be arranged in various ways, further reducing the design difficulty of the flow channel 30 and the processing cost of the circuit breaker 400.

[0132] In the embodiment shown in Figure 19, there are multiple flow channels 30. Specifically, there are two flow channels 30. In the X-axis direction, the two flow channels 30 are located on both sides of the mounting groove 12. The projections of the two flow channels 30 along the Z-axis direction overlap with the projections of the two receiving grooves 11 along the Z-axis direction. The projections of the two moving parts 50 along the Z-axis direction overlap with the projections of the two flow channels 30 along the Z-axis direction. The gas generated by the explosion of the ignition device 40 can drive the two moving parts 50 to slide synchronously along the Z-axis direction and break the two flow channels 30 respectively.

[0133] As shown in Figures 1, 19, and 20, when the circuit breaker 400 of the embodiment shown in Figure 19 is applied to the power conversion device 1, two current-carrying buses 30 are electrically connected to the photovoltaic module 2 and the power module 300 via the circuit board 200. One current-carrying bus 30 can be electrically connected between the positive terminal of the photovoltaic module 2 and the positive terminal of the power module 300; the other current-carrying bus 30 can be electrically connected between the negative terminal of the photovoltaic module 2 and the negative terminal of the power module 300. When a short-circuit fault occurs in the circuit, if the current flowing through either current-carrying bus 30 exceeds a preset threshold, both current-carrying buses 30 are interrupted by two moving parts 50 to protect the circuit.

[0134] As shown in Figures 2, 19, and 20, when the circuit breaker 400 of the embodiment shown in Figure 19 is applied to the energy storage system 5, both current-carrying buses 30 are electrically connected between the energy storage battery 500 and the power conversion device 1. The connection of the power conversion device 1 can be referred to in detail. When a short-circuit fault occurs in the circuit, if the current flowing through either current-carrying bus 30 exceeds a preset threshold, both current-carrying buses 30 are interrupted by two moving parts 50 to protect the circuit.

[0135] As shown in Figures 3, 19, and 20, when the circuit breaker 400 of the embodiment shown in Figure 19 is applied to the electric vehicle 6, both current-carrying buses 30 are electrically connected between the battery 600a and the inverter circuit 800. The connection of the power conversion device 1 can be referred to for details. When a short-circuit fault occurs in the circuit, if the current flowing through either current-carrying bus 30 exceeds a preset threshold, both current-carrying buses 30 are interrupted by two moving parts 50 to protect the circuit.

[0136] The number of flow channels 30 can be multiple, and multiple flow channels 30 can be disconnected by a single ignition device 40. The number of flow channels 30 can be selected as needed. The design cost of the circuit breaker 400 is low, which helps to reduce the processing cost of the circuit breaker 400.

[0137] It is understood that in the embodiment shown in Figure 19, the flow channel 30 is arranged along the Y-axis direction; in the X-axis direction, the flow channel 30 is located on one side of the mounting groove 12, and the design that multiple flow channels 30 are interrupted by multiple moving parts 50 can be applied to any of the embodiments shown in Figures 1-18.

Claims

1. A circuit breaker, characterized in that, The circuit breaker includes a first housing, a second housing, a flow channel, an ignition device, and moving parts; In a first direction, the flow channel is disposed between the first housing and the second housing. The first housing is provided with a receiving groove and a mounting groove. The receiving groove is disposed along the first direction, and the opening of the receiving groove faces the flow channel. In a second direction, the mounting groove is disposed at a distance from the receiving groove. The first direction is the thickness direction of the flow channel, and the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction. The ignition device is housed in the mounting slot; the moving component is slidably connected to the housing slot along the first direction; The first housing is further provided with at least one air passage, which connects the receiving groove and the mounting groove. Each air passage includes an inlet and an outlet. The inlet is located on the groove wall of the mounting groove, and the outlet is located on the groove wall of the receiving groove. In the first direction, the distance between the inlet and the flow channel is less than the distance between the surface of the moving member facing away from the second housing and the flow channel. The outlet is at least partially located on the side of the moving member facing away from the flow channel. The igniter is used to drive the moving member to break the flow channel along the first direction.

2. The circuit breaker according to claim 1, characterized in that, The projection of the igniter along the second direction at least partially overlaps with the projection of the moving part along the second direction.

3. The circuit breaker according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first housing includes a first sub-housing, a second sub-housing, and a third sub-housing arranged sequentially in the first direction, wherein the first sub-housing abuts against the flow channel; The receiving slot is disposed in the second sub-shell and extends through the first sub-shell along the first direction; the mounting slot extends through the second sub-shell along the first direction, the first sub-shell covers the mounting slot, and the third sub-shell abuts against the ignition device and is fitted onto the outside of the ignition device.

4. The circuit breaker according to claim 3, characterized in that, The mounting slot is provided with a partition, which divides the mounting slot into a first slot and a second slot in the first direction. The second slot is located on the side of the first slot facing the first sub-housing. The partition is also provided with a through hole, which communicates with the first slot and the second slot. The ignition device is partially housed in the first slot and partially passes through the through hole and extends into the second slot. The inlet communicates with the second slot.

5. The circuit breaker according to claim 4, characterized in that, The area of ​​the portion of the ignition device housed in the first slot projected along the first direction is greater than the area of ​​the through hole projected along the first direction.

6. The circuit breaker according to claim 4, characterized in that, The mounting groove also houses a first sealing element. In the first direction, the first sealing element is connected between the first sub-housing and the partition, surrounds the igniter and is spaced apart from the igniter. The first sealing element also has a connecting hole that communicates with the inlet.

7. The circuit breaker according to claim 4, characterized in that, The second sub-shell is further provided with a mating hole on one side in the first direction. The mating hole is arranged along the first direction and communicates with the air passage. The circuit breaker also includes a second seal, which is disposed on the second sub-housing and covers the mating hole.

8. The circuit breaker according to any one of claims 4 to 7, characterized in that, The second groove includes a mating sidewall that surrounds and is spaced apart from the igniter, and the inlet is located on the mating sidewall.

9. The circuit breaker according to any one of claims 4 to 7, characterized in that, The inlet is located on the surface of the first sub-shell facing the partition, and the projection of the inlet along the first direction at least partially overlaps with the projection of the igniter along the first direction.

10. The circuit breaker according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, The flow channel is arranged along the second direction, and the projection of the mounting groove along the first direction overlaps with the projection of the flow channel along the first direction.

11. The circuit breaker according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, The flow channel is arranged along a third direction. In the second direction, the flow channel is located on one side of the mounting groove. The third direction is perpendicular to both the first direction and the second direction.

12. The circuit breaker according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, The number of receiving slots, the number of moving parts, and the number of air passages are all multiple. Each receiving slot is connected to one moving part, and each receiving slot has at least one outlet of the air passage on its wall. Among the multiple receiving slots, at least two are located on both sides of the mounting slot in the second direction.

13. A power conversion device, characterized in that, The power conversion device includes a housing, a circuit board, and a circuit breaker as described in any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the circuit board and the circuit breaker are both housed in the housing, and the circuit breaker is mounted on the circuit board.

14. An energy storage system, characterized in that, The energy storage system includes an energy storage battery and a circuit breaker as described in any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the current bus of the circuit breaker is electrically connected to the energy storage battery.

15. An electric vehicle, characterized in that, The electric vehicle includes a battery, an inverter circuit, a motor, and a circuit breaker as described in any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the inverter circuit is electrically connected between the battery and the motor, and the busbar of the circuit breaker is electrically connected between the battery and the inverter circuit.

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