Environmentally friendly non-PVC flooring and preparation method therefor

Abstract

The present application belongs to the technical field of plastic flooring, and specifically relates to an environmentally friendly non-PVC flooring and a preparation method therefor. The flooring is sequentially provided with a transparent sheet layer, a colored film layer, a base material layer, and a cushioning layer from top to bottom, wherein the base material layer comprises PET, PETG, calcium carbonate powder, a plasticizer, a toughening agent, an outer lubricant, an inner lubricant, and an oxidized wax. For the transparent sheet layer and the cushioning layer, quaternized chitosan-coated nano-zinc oxide loaded with trivalent titanium is used as an antibacterial material, thereby having good dispersibility and antibacterial properties. By using fibrilia modified by cork particles and nano fumed silica as a substrate, a cushioning layer bonded by means of the hot pressing of PP and PE has an enhanced sound insulation effect and mechanical properties.

Description

An environmentally friendly non-PVC flooring and its preparation method Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of plastic flooring technology, specifically relating to an environmentally friendly Non-PVC flooring and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) is the world's third-largest produced synthetic polymer plastic, widely used in chemical, materials, textile, and construction industries. However, PVC has poor thermal stability and easily decomposes at high temperatures, producing toxic gases that are harmful to the environment and human health. With increasing global emphasis on sustainable development, more and more consumers and businesses are paying attention to the environmental performance of products. Using environmentally friendly materials such as polyethylene terephthalate-1,4-cyclohexanediol (PETG) in the production of non-PVC flooring helps promote sustainable development in the industry.

[0003] Chinese invention patent CN118958623A discloses a flame-retardant and deformation-resistant PETG flooring and its preparation method. The flooring comprises, from top to bottom, a UV coating, a wear-resistant layer, a color film layer, a substrate layer, and a sound-absorbing pad layer. The substrate layer specifically comprises the following components by weight: 40-70 parts PETG resin, 30-55 parts PET resin, 60-120 parts recycled PET, 10-20 parts modified PET, 10-40 parts toughening agent, 0-1.5 parts lubricant, 200-300 parts stone powder, 3-5 parts antioxidant, 1-3 parts flame retardant, 0-1 part chain extender, and 0-1 part polyamide. This invention prepares flame-retardant and deformation-resistant PETG flooring with good flame retardancy, mechanical properties, and deformation resistance by blending PET, PETG, and modified PET and adding a multi-element synergistic flame retardant. However, existing technologies have the technical problem of not combining and modifying the UV coating and antibacterial properties of the flooring to improve its wear resistance and antibacterial ability. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides an environmentally friendly non-PVC flooring and its preparation method, which solves the technical problem in the prior art that the UV coating and antibacterial properties of the flooring are not combined and modified to improve the wear resistance and antibacterial properties of the flooring.

[0005] In the first aspect, this application provides an environmentally friendly non-PVC flooring, which consists of a transparent sheet layer, a colored film layer, a base material layer, and a floor mat layer arranged sequentially from top to bottom; the thickness of the transparent sheet is 0.1 to 0.76 mm, the thickness of the floor mat is 0.5 to 5.0 mm, and the total thickness of the three layers of transparent sheet, colored film, and base material is 1.5 to 6.0 mm;

[0006] The base layer, by weight, includes the following raw materials: 20-30 parts PET, 70-80 parts PETG, 200-600 parts calcium carbonate powder, 20-60 parts plasticizer, 10-40 parts toughening agent, 0-2 parts external lubricant, 0-2 parts internal lubricant, and 0-2 parts oxidized wax.

[0007] Preferably, the transparent sheet comprises, by weight, the following raw materials: 20-30 parts PET, 70-80 parts PETG, 2-5 parts nano-antibacterial material, 0.5-2 parts ultraviolet absorber, 0.5-2 parts antioxidant, 20-60 parts plasticizer, 10-40 parts toughening agent, and 1-2 parts lubricant;

[0008] The color filter layer, by weight, includes the following raw materials: 100-110 parts PETG, 2-8 parts color masterbatch, 0.5-2 parts ultraviolet absorber, 0.5-2 parts antioxidant, 20-60 parts plasticizer, 10-40 parts toughening agent, and 0.5-2 parts lubricant;

[0009] The floor mat layer, by weight, includes the following raw materials: 10-20 parts PP, 4-8 parts PE, 80-90 parts cork particles, 2-5 parts nano antibacterial material, 10-20 parts modified hemp fiber, and 0.5-2 parts lubricant.

[0010] Preferably, the total mass fraction of PET and PETG in the transparent sheet and the base layer is 100 parts each, and the mass ratio of PET to PETG is 2-3:7-8; the ultraviolet absorbers in the transparent sheet and the color filter layer are one or more combinations of UV-234, UV-405, or UV-1300; the antioxidants in the transparent sheet and the color filter layer are one or more combinations of 168, 1010, or 1076; the average particle size of the cork particles in the mat layer is 10-20 mesh; the plasticizers in the transparent sheet, the color filter layer, and the base layer are one or more combinations of epoxidized soybean oil, epoxidized linseed oil, or dioctyl tetrahydrophthalate; the toughening agents are one or more combinations of BET, ABS, or EEA; and the lubricants in the transparent sheet, the color filter layer, the base layer, and the mat layer are one or more combinations of polyethylene wax, butyl stearate, or polyethylene glycol-600.

[0011] Preferably, the preparation method of the nano-antibacterial material includes the following steps:

[0012] S21. By weight, add 3-5 parts of nano zinc oxide to 30-50 parts of isopropanol, ultrasonically disperse for 30-40 minutes, and then add 0.5-1 parts of surfactant to obtain a dispersion.

[0013] S22. By mass, add 0.3 to 0.6 parts of titanium trichloride to 30 to 50 parts of isopropanol, mix evenly, then add the dispersion, and stir at 300 to 500 rpm for 30 to 40 minutes under a nitrogen atmosphere.

[0014] S23. Heat the system to 180-200℃, keep it at that temperature for 12-24 hours, cool it down to 40-50℃, centrifuge and filter to collect the solid, wash it with deionized water and ethanol in sequence, dry it under vacuum at 60-70℃, and grind it to obtain nano zinc oxide loaded with trivalent titanium.

[0015] S24. Dissolve 1.5 to 3 parts by weight of quaternized chitosan-100k in 50 parts of deionized water, add 5 to 6 parts of nano zinc oxide loaded with trivalent titanium, ultrasonically disperse for 30 to 40 minutes, stir at 300 to 500 rpm for 12 to 24 hours, centrifuge and filter to collect the solid, dry at 60 to 70°C, and grind to obtain nano antibacterial material.

[0016] Preferably, the surfactant in S21 is one or more combinations of pentadecyl glycoside, polyvinylpyrrolidone, or polyethylene glycol-200.

[0017] Preferably, the method for preparing the modified hemp fiber includes the following steps:

[0018] S31. According to the mass fraction, 20-30 parts of hemp fiber are soaked in 50-100 parts of 5-10wt% sodium hydroxide solution for 2-4 hours, rinsed with deionized water until neutral, and dried at 80-100℃ to obtain alkali-treated hemp fiber.

[0019] S32. By mass, add 3-8 parts of KH-590 silane coupling agent to 100-150 parts of deionized water, stir at 40-50°C and 500-600 rpm for 30-40 minutes, add 10-20 parts of alkali-treated hemp fiber and 1-3 parts of nano-silica, stir for 1-2 hours, filter and dry to obtain modified hemp fiber.

[0020] Secondly, this application provides a method for preparing environmentally friendly Non-PVC flooring, the method comprising the following steps:

[0021] S1. Weigh the raw materials required for each layer, pass the cork particles through steam at 300-350℃ for 0.5-1h, dry them at 80-100℃ and control the moisture content to 6-8% for pretreatment, and then cool them for later use.

[0022] S2. Preparation of transparent sheet and color filter layer: After the raw materials of transparent sheet and color filter layer are mixed evenly, they are sequentially extruded to obtain transparent sheet and color filter layer;

[0023] S3. Preparation of the base layer: After the raw materials for the base layer are mixed evenly, the base layer is obtained by internal mixer, open mill and calendering.

[0024] S4. Preparation of floor mat layer: Mix the raw materials of the floor mat layer evenly, and then hot press them at 150-170℃ for 10-15 minutes to obtain the floor mat layer.

[0025] S5. Bonding Non-PVC Flooring Substrate: The transparent sheet, colored film layer and base layer are hot-pressed at 210-230℃ for 10-15 minutes to obtain a plastic layer. The underlay layer is coated with adhesive and the plastic layer is bonded to obtain the Non-PVC flooring substrate.

[0026] S6. Surface treatment: Coat the surface of the Non-PVC flooring substrate with a UV wear-resistant primer with a thickness of 150-200μm, cure it under ultraviolet light for 30-90s, and then punch and mill the edges to obtain the Non-PVC flooring.

[0027] In the preparation method of this application, the transparent sheet, the color film layer, and the base layer can also be obtained as a Non-PVC flooring substrate through a co-extrusion process.

[0028] Preferably, in S2, the extruder inlet temperature is 210–220°C and the outlet temperature is 230–250°C.

[0029] Preferably, in S3, the mixing temperature of the internal mixer is 230℃~250℃, the mixing interval is 5min, the single mixing time is 10~15min, and the opening temperature of the open mill is 190℃~220℃.

[0030] Preferably, the adhesive in S5 is either AB glue or PUR glue.

[0031] Preferably, the preparation method of the UV abrasion-resistant primer includes the following steps:

[0032] S11. By mass, 10-15 parts of epoxidized palm oil are added to 50-80 parts of n-heptane, and then 20-30 parts of isopropanolamine are added dropwise. After passing nitrogen gas through, the mixture is reacted at 70-100℃ for 4-6 hours to obtain palm oil amide polyol.

[0033] S12. By mass, 10-15 parts of palm oil amide polyol and 40-50 parts of isophorone diisocyanate are reacted at 70-80℃ for 1-3 hours under nitrogen protection. The temperature is then lowered to 40-50℃, and 10-15 parts of hydroxyethyl acrylate and 0.3-0.5 parts of p-hydroxyanisole are added. The reaction continues for 2-4 hours. The mixture is then distilled under reduced pressure to obtain modified polyurethane acrylate.

[0034] S13. By weight, add 2-3 parts of photoinitiator, 0.5-1 parts of BYK-333 leveling agent, 30-40 parts of polyester acrylate, 10-20 parts of modified polyurethane acrylate and 30-40 parts of isoborneol acrylate to 30-50 parts of anhydrous ethanol, and stir evenly to obtain a UV wear-resistant primer.

[0035] Preferably, the photoinitiator in S13 is any one or a combination of benzoyl carbamate, 2,2-dimethoxy-2-phenylacetophenone, or benzoyl dimethylpyrrolidone.

[0036] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solutions, this application has the following beneficial effects.

[0037] 1. This application improves the preparation process and composition of each layer of the flooring based on existing technology. The environmentally friendly non-PVC flooring prepared by co-extrusion or hot-pressing processes has excellent sound insulation, antibacterial, and wear resistance. The UV wear-resistant primer prepared using modified polyurethane acrylate as raw material has excellent wear resistance, flexibility, and adhesion. The transparent sheet layer and the underlay layer use quaternized chitosan-coated nano-zinc oxide loaded with trivalent titanium as an antibacterial material, which has excellent dispersibility and antibacterial properties. The underlay layer, which uses cork particles and nano-silica modified hemp fiber as the substrate and is bonded by hot pressing of PP and PE, improves the sound insulation effect and mechanical properties.

[0038] 2. The UV wear-resistant primer of this application is prepared by using epoxidized palm oil to prepare palm oil amide polyol, and then reacting it with isophorone diisocyanate and hydroxyethyl acrylate to obtain modified polyurethane acrylate, which has excellent wear resistance and flexibility.

[0039] 3. The nano zinc oxide loaded with trivalent titanium prepared by hydrothermal reaction of nano zinc oxide and titanium trichloride with the addition of surfactant reduces the band gap of nano zinc oxide, increases its absorption range of visible light, and enhances its antibacterial ability. The nano zinc oxide loaded with trivalent titanium can be significantly reduced by coating with quaternized chitosan and the aggregation of nanoparticles and the lifespan of nano antibacterial materials.

[0040] 4. This application uses sodium hydroxide solution to treat hemp fibers and then modifies the hemp fibers with nano-silica to form a uniform network structure on the surface of the hemp fibers. This effectively disperses and absorbs external stress, improves the mechanical strength of plant fibers, and enhances the interfacial bonding force between hemp fibers, cork particles, and plastics, thereby improving the impact resistance of the flooring layer. Attached Figure Description

[0041] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0042] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the layer structure of the environmentally friendly Non-PVC flooring of this application.

[0043] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached diagram: 1-Transparent sheet, 2-Colored film layer, 3-Base layer, 4-Ground mat layer. Detailed Implementation

[0044] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0045] Example 1

[0046] Referring to Figure 1, this embodiment provides an environmentally friendly Non-PVC floor, which consists of a transparent sheet layer 1, a colored film layer 2, a base layer 3, and a floor mat layer 4 arranged from top to bottom.

[0047] The transparent sheet comprises, by weight, the following raw materials: 30 parts PET, 70 parts PETG, 4 parts nano antibacterial material, 1 part ultraviolet absorber, 1 part antioxidant, 60 parts plasticizer, 40 parts toughening agent, and 2 parts lubricant;

[0048] The color filter layer, by weight, comprises the following raw materials: 100 parts PETG, 5 parts color masterbatch, 1 part UV absorber, 1 part antioxidant, 60 parts plasticizer, 40 parts toughening agent, and 1 part lubricant;

[0049] The base layer, by weight, includes the following raw materials: 30 parts PET, 70 parts PETG, 600 parts calcium carbonate powder, 60 parts plasticizer, 40 parts toughening agent, and 2 parts lubricant;

[0050] The floor mat layer, by weight, comprises the following raw materials: 20 parts PP, 8 parts PE, 80 parts cork particles, 2 parts nano antibacterial material, 20 parts modified hemp fiber, and 1 part lubricant.

[0051] The transparent sheet is 0.5mm thick, the floor mat is 3.0mm thick, and the total thickness of the three layers—transparent sheet, colored film, and base material—is 3.5mm.

[0052] The ultraviolet absorber for both the transparent sheet and the color filter layer is UV-234; the antioxidant for both the transparent sheet and the color filter layer is 168; the average particle size of the cork particles in the mat layer is 12 mesh; the plasticizer for the transparent sheet, the color filter layer, and the base layer is epoxidized soybean oil, and the toughening agent for all three layers is BET; the lubricant for the transparent sheet, the color filter layer, the base layer, and the mat layer is polyethylene wax.

[0053] The preparation method of an environmentally friendly Non-PVC flooring in this embodiment includes the following steps:

[0054] S1. Weigh the raw materials required for each layer, pass the cork particles through 350℃ steam for 0.5h, dry them at 100℃ to control the moisture content to 6% as a pretreatment, and then cool them for later use.

[0055] S2. Preparation of transparent film layer and color film layer: After the raw materials of transparent film layer and color film layer are mixed evenly, they are passed through an extruder in sequence. The feed temperature of the extruder is 220℃ and the discharge temperature is 240℃ to obtain transparent film layer and color film layer.

[0056] S3. Preparation of the base material layer: After the raw materials of the base material layer are mixed evenly, the base material layer is obtained by internal mixer, open mill and calender. The mixing temperature of the internal mixer is 230℃, the mixing interval is 5min, the single mixing time is 15min, and the opening temperature of the open mill is 220℃.

[0057] S4. Preparation of floor mat layer: Mix the raw materials of the floor mat layer evenly, and then hot press at 170°C for 10 minutes to prepare the floor mat layer.

[0058] S5. Bonding Non-PVC Flooring Substrate: The transparent sheet, colored film layer and base layer are hot-pressed at 230℃ for 10 minutes to obtain a plastic layer. The underlay layer is coated with PUR adhesive and the plastic layer is bonded to obtain the Non-PVC flooring substrate.

[0059] S6. Surface treatment: Coat the surface of the Non-PVC flooring substrate with a 200μm thick UV wear-resistant primer, cure it under ultraviolet light for 60s, and then punch and mill the edges to obtain the Non-PVC flooring.

[0060] The preparation method of the UV abrasion-resistant primer in this embodiment includes the following steps:

[0061] S11. According to the mass parts, 15 parts of epoxidized palm oil are added to 60 parts of n-heptane, and then 30 parts of isopropanolamine are added dropwise. After passing nitrogen gas, the mixture is reacted at 100°C for 5 hours to obtain palm oil amide polyol.

[0062] S12. By mass, 15 parts of palm oil amide polyol and 45 parts of isophorone diisocyanate were reacted at 80°C for 2 hours under nitrogen protection. The temperature was then lowered to 40°C, and 10 parts of hydroxyethyl acrylate and 0.4 parts of p-hydroxyanisole were added to continue the reaction for 2 hours. The mixture was then distilled under reduced pressure to obtain modified polyurethane acrylate.

[0063] S13. By weight, add 3 parts of benzoyl carbamate photoinitiator, 1 part of BYK-333 leveling agent, 40 parts of polyester acrylate, 20 parts of modified polyurethane acrylate and 40 parts of isoborneol acrylate to 50 parts of anhydrous ethanol, and stir evenly to obtain a UV wear-resistant primer.

[0064] The preparation method of the nano-antibacterial material in this embodiment includes the following steps:

[0065] S21. According to the mass ratio, add 3 parts of nano zinc oxide to 40 parts of isopropanol, ultrasonically disperse for 40 min, and then add 0.7 parts of polyvinylpyrrolidone to obtain a dispersion.

[0066] S22. By mass, add 0.6 parts of titanium trichloride to 50 parts of isopropanol, mix well, then add the dispersion, and stir at 400 rpm for 40 min under a nitrogen atmosphere.

[0067] S23. Heat the system to 200℃, keep it at that temperature for 24 hours, cool it down to 50℃, centrifuge and filter to collect the solid, wash it with deionized water and ethanol in sequence, dry it under vacuum at 70℃, and grind it to obtain nano zinc oxide loaded with trivalent titanium.

[0068] S24. According to the mass fraction, dissolve 3 parts of quaternized chitosan-100k in 50 parts of deionized water, add 5 parts of nano zinc oxide loaded with trivalent titanium, ultrasonically disperse for 30 min, stir at 500 rpm for 24 h, centrifuge and filter to collect the solid, dry at 60℃, and grind to obtain nano antibacterial material.

[0069] The method for preparing modified hemp fiber in this embodiment includes the following steps:

[0070] S31. According to the mass fraction, 20 parts of hemp fiber are soaked in 50 parts of 10wt% sodium hydroxide solution for 2 hours, rinsed with deionized water until neutral, and dried at 80°C to obtain alkali-treated hemp fiber.

[0071] S32. By mass, add 3 parts of KH-590 silane coupling agent to 100 parts of deionized water, stir at 500 rpm for 30 min at 40°C, add 15 parts of alkali-treated hemp fiber and 3 parts of nano-silica, stir for 2 h, filter and dry to obtain modified hemp fiber.

[0072] Example 2

[0073] Referring to Figure 1, this embodiment provides an environmentally friendly Non-PVC flooring, which consists of a transparent sheet layer, a colored film layer, a base material layer, and a subfloor layer from top to bottom.

[0074] The transparent sheet comprises, by weight, the following raw materials: 20 parts PET, 80 parts PETG, 3 parts nano-antibacterial material, 0.5 parts ultraviolet absorber, 1 part antioxidant, 30 parts plasticizer, 20 parts toughening agent, and 1 part lubricant;

[0075] The color filter layer, by weight, comprises the following raw materials: 110 parts PETG, 8 parts color masterbatch, 1 part UV absorber, 1 part antioxidant, 30 parts plasticizer, 20 parts toughening agent, and 1 part lubricant;

[0076] The base layer, by weight, includes the following raw materials: 20 parts PET, 80 parts PETG, 300 parts calcium carbonate powder, 30 parts plasticizer, 20 parts toughening agent, and 1 part lubricant;

[0077] The floor mat layer, by weight, comprises the following raw materials: 20 parts PP, 8 parts PE, 80 parts cork particles, 2 parts nano antibacterial material, 20 parts modified hemp fiber, and 1 part lubricant.

[0078] The transparent sheet is 0.1 mm thick, the floor mat is 5.0 mm thick, and the total thickness of the three layers—transparent sheet, colored film, and base material—is 1.5 mm.

[0079] The ultraviolet absorber for both the transparent sheet and the colored film layer is UV-405; the antioxidant for both the transparent sheet and the colored film layer is 1010; the average particle size of the cork particles in the mat layer is 20 mesh; the plasticizer for the transparent sheet, the colored film layer, and the base layer is epoxidized linseed oil, and the toughening agent is ABS; the lubricant for the transparent sheet, the colored film layer, the base layer, and the mat layer is polyethylene glycol-600.

[0080] This embodiment of a method for preparing environmentally friendly Non-PVC flooring includes the following steps:

[0081] S1. Weigh the raw materials required for each layer, pass the cork particles through 350℃ steam for 1 hour, dry them at 100℃ to control the moisture content to 8% as a pretreatment, and cool them for later use.

[0082] S2. Preparation of transparent film layer and color film layer: After the raw materials of transparent film layer and color film layer are mixed evenly, they are passed through an extruder in sequence. The feed temperature of the extruder is 210℃ and the discharge temperature is 230℃ to obtain transparent film layer and color film layer.

[0083] S3. Preparation of the base material layer: After the raw materials of the base material layer are mixed evenly, the base material layer is obtained by internal mixer, open mill and calender. The mixing temperature of the internal mixer is 230℃, the mixing interval is 5min, the single mixing time is 15min, and the opening temperature of the open mill is 215℃.

[0084] S4. Preparation of floor mat layer: Mix the raw materials of the floor mat layer evenly, and then hot press at 170°C for 10 minutes to prepare the floor mat layer.

[0085] S5. Bonding Non-PVC Flooring Substrate: The transparent sheet, colored film layer and base layer are hot-pressed at 220℃ for 10 minutes to obtain a plastic layer. The underlay layer is coated with PUR adhesive and the plastic layer is bonded to obtain the Non-PVC flooring substrate.

[0086] S6. Surface treatment: Coat the surface of the Non-PVC flooring substrate with a 200μm thick UV wear-resistant primer, cure it under ultraviolet light for 60s, and then punch and mill the edges to obtain the Non-PVC flooring.

[0087] The preparation methods of the UV abrasion-resistant primer and modified hemp fiber in this embodiment are the same as those in Example 1.

[0088] The difference between the nano-antibacterial material in this embodiment and that in Example 1 is that the surfactant is replaced with pentadecyl glycoside.

[0089] Example 3

[0090] Referring to Figure 1, this embodiment provides an environmentally friendly Non-PVC flooring, which consists of a transparent sheet layer, a colored film layer, a base material layer, and a subfloor layer from top to bottom.

[0091] The transparent sheet comprises, by weight, the following raw materials: 25 parts PET, 75 parts PETG, 4 parts nano-antibacterial material, 0.5 parts UV absorber, 1 part antioxidant, 60 parts plasticizer, 40 parts toughening agent, and 2 parts lubricant;

[0092] The color filter layer, by weight, comprises the following raw materials: 110 parts PETG, 5 parts color masterbatch, 1 part UV absorber, 1 part antioxidant, 60 parts plasticizer, 40 parts toughening agent, and 2 parts lubricant;

[0093] The base layer, by weight, includes the following raw materials: 25 parts PET, 75 parts PETG, 200 parts calcium carbonate powder, 60 parts plasticizer, 40 parts toughening agent, and 2 parts lubricant;

[0094] The floor mat layer, by weight, comprises the following raw materials: 20 parts PP, 8 parts PE, 80 parts cork particles, 2 parts nano antibacterial material, 20 parts modified hemp fiber, and 2 parts lubricant.

[0095] The thickness of the transparent sheet is 0.76 mm, the thickness of the floor mat is 1.0 mm, and the total thickness of the three layers of transparent sheet, colored film and base material is 5.5 mm.

[0096] The ultraviolet absorber for both the transparent sheet and the color filter layer is UV-1300; the antioxidant for both the transparent sheet and the color filter layer is 1076; the average particle size of the cork particles in the mat layer is 16 mesh; the plasticizer for the transparent sheet, the color filter layer, and the base layer is dioctyl phthalate, and the toughening agent is EEA; the lubricant for the transparent sheet, the color filter layer, the base layer, and the mat layer is butyl stearate.

[0097] This embodiment of a method for preparing environmentally friendly Non-PVC flooring includes the following steps:

[0098] S1. Weigh the raw materials required for each layer, pass the cork particles through 300℃ steam for 1 hour, dry them at 90℃ to control the moisture content to 8% as a pretreatment, and cool them for later use.

[0099] S2. Preparation of transparent film layer and color film layer: After the raw materials of transparent film layer and color film layer are mixed evenly, they are passed through an extruder in sequence. The feed temperature of the extruder is 215℃ and the discharge temperature is 235℃ to obtain transparent film layer and color film layer.

[0100] S3. Preparation of the base material layer: After the raw materials of the base material layer are mixed evenly, the base material layer is obtained by internal mixer, open mill and calender. The mixing temperature of the internal mixer is 235℃, the mixing interval is 5min, the single mixing time is 15min, and the opening temperature of the open mill is 220℃.

[0101] S4. Preparation of floor mat layer: Mix the raw materials of the floor mat layer evenly, and then hot press at 170°C for 10 minutes to prepare the floor mat layer.

[0102] S5. Bonding Non-PVC Flooring Substrate: The transparent sheet, colored film layer and base layer are hot-pressed at 215℃ for 15 minutes to obtain a plastic layer. The underlay layer is coated with AB glue and the plastic layer is bonded to obtain the Non-PVC flooring substrate.

[0103] S6. Surface treatment: Coat the surface of the Non-PVC flooring substrate with a UV wear-resistant primer with a thickness of 180μm, cure it under ultraviolet light for 90s, and then punch and mill the edges to obtain the Non-PVC flooring.

[0104] The preparation method of the nano-antibacterial material in this embodiment is the same as that in Example 1.

[0105] The difference between the UV wear-resistant primer in this embodiment and that in Example 1 is that the photoinitiator is replaced with benzoyl dimethylpyrrolidone.

[0106] The difference between the modified hemp fiber in this embodiment and that in Example 1 is that the alkali treatment step in S31 is replaced by soaking in 100 parts of 5wt% sodium hydroxide solution for 4 hours.

[0107] Comparative Example 1

[0108] The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that palm oleamide polyol is replaced with polycaprolactone polyol.

[0109] Comparative Example 2

[0110] The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that quaternized chitosan-100k is replaced with polyacrylamide.

[0111] Comparative Example 3

[0112] The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that the hemp fibers are not treated with sodium hydroxide solution soaking.

[0113] Performance testing

[0114] According to GB50118-2010 "Code for Sound Insulation Design of Civil Buildings", a reference floor slab was established, using hollow blocks as the reference floor slab. The thickness of the reference floor slab was set to 150mm, and each side was covered with environmentally friendly Non-PVC flooring. The weighted impact sound pressure level of the hollow blocks without environmentally friendly Non-PVC flooring was 86dB. The weighted impact sound pressure level of the flooring prepared in each embodiment and comparative example was measured.

[0115] The wear rate of the flooring prepared in each example and comparative example was determined according to GB3960-83 "Test Method for Sliding Friction and Wear of Plastics".

[0116] The tensile strength and elongation at break of the flooring prepared in each example and comparative example were determined according to GB / T 1040.2-2022 "Determination of tensile properties of plastics - Part 2: Test conditions for molded and extruded plastics".

[0117] According to GB / T 21866-2008 "Determination of Antibacterial Properties and Antibacterial Effects of Antibacterial Coatings (Films)", floor samples containing only PETG were used as a blank control group. The floor samples were sterilized by ultraviolet irradiation for 3 hours. Escherichia coli strains were activated and prepared to a concentration of 3×10⁻⁶. 4 A bacterial suspension of CFU / mL was prepared. The sample was placed in the bacterial suspension and shaken at 300 rpm for 5 min at room temperature. 1 mL of the bacterial suspension was diluted 100 times. 1 mL of the diluted bacterial suspension was evenly spread on the sample and placed in a sterile Petri dish. The mixture was incubated at 38°C and a relative humidity greater than 90% for 24 h. Afterward, washing buffer was added repeatedly. The washing buffer was inoculated into nutrient agar medium and incubated at 38°C for another 24 h. Colony counts were performed, and the inhibition rate was calculated using the following formula.

[0118] R – Antibacterial rate, %;

[0119] B – Average colony count in the blank control group;

[0120] C – Average number of colonies in the sample.

[0121] The test results are shown in Table 1 below:

[0122] Table 1

[0123] The data in the table show that, in Comparative Example 1, replacing palm oil amide polyol with polycaprolactone polyol resulted in a decrease in the wear resistance of the UV wear-resistant primer. In Comparative Example 2, replacing quaternized chitosan-100k with polyacrylamide suppressed the antibacterial properties of the nano-antibacterial material, with an inhibition rate of only 61.3%. In Comparative Example 3, the lack of alkali treatment on the hemp fiber weakened its adhesion to the underlayment layer, resulting in a slight decrease in tensile strength and elongation at break. This indicates that the environmentally friendly Non-PVC flooring prepared in this application has excellent sound insulation, antibacterial, and wear resistance properties.

[0124] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of this application, should be included within the scope of protection of this application.

[0125] The preferred embodiments disclosed above are merely illustrative of this application. These preferred embodiments do not exhaustively describe all details, nor do they limit the invention to any specific implementation. Clearly, many modifications and variations can be made based on the content of this specification. The selection and detailed description of these embodiments in this specification are intended to better explain the principles and practical applications of this application, thereby enabling those skilled in the art to better understand and utilize this application. This application is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims

1. An environmentally friendly non-PVC flooring, comprising, from top to bottom, a transparent sheet layer, a colored film layer, a base layer, and a subfloor layer; wherein the thickness of the transparent sheet is 0.1–0.76 mm, the thickness of the subfloor layer is 0.5–5.0 mm, and the total thickness of the three layers (transparent sheet, colored film, and base layer) is 1.5–6.0 mm; The base layer, by weight, includes the following raw materials: 20-30 parts PET, 70-80 parts PETG, 200-600 parts calcium carbonate powder, 20-60 parts plasticizer, 10-40 parts toughening agent, 0-2 parts external lubricant, 0-2 parts internal lubricant, and 0-2 parts oxidized wax.

2. The environmentally friendly Non-PVC flooring according to claim 1, wherein, The transparent sheet comprises, by weight, the following raw materials: 20-30 parts PET, 70-80 parts PETG, 2-5 parts nano-antibacterial material, 0.5-2 parts ultraviolet absorber, 0.5-2 parts antioxidant, 20-60 parts plasticizer, 10-40 parts toughening agent, and 1-2 parts lubricant; The color filter layer, by weight, includes the following raw materials: 100-110 parts PETG, 2-8 parts color masterbatch, 0.5-2 parts ultraviolet absorber, 0.5-2 parts antioxidant, 20-60 parts plasticizer, 10-40 parts toughening agent, and 0.5-2 parts lubricant; The floor mat layer, by weight, includes the following raw materials: 10-20 parts PP, 4-8 parts PE, 80-90 parts cork particles, 2-5 parts nano antibacterial material, 10-20 parts modified hemp fiber, and 0.5-2 parts lubricant.

3. The environmentally friendly Non-PVC flooring according to claim 2, wherein, The total mass fraction of PET and PETG in the transparent sheet and the base layer is 100 parts each, and the mass ratio of PET to PETG is 2-3:7-8. The ultraviolet absorbers of the transparent film layer and the color filter layer are one or more combinations of UV-234, UV-405, and UV-1300; The antioxidants in both the transparent film layer and the color filter layer are one or more combinations of 168, 1010, and 1076; The average particle size of the cork particles in the ground layer is 10-20 mesh. The plasticizers of the transparent sheet, color filter layer, and base layer are all one or more combinations of epoxidized soybean oil, epoxidized linseed oil, or epoxidized tetrahydrophthalic acid dioctyl ester, and the toughening agents are all one or more combinations of BET, ABS, or EEA; the lubricants of the transparent sheet, color filter layer, base layer, and floor mat layer are all one or more combinations of polyethylene wax, butyl stearate, or polyethylene glycol-600.

4. The environmentally friendly Non-PVC flooring according to claim 2, wherein, The preparation method of the nano-antibacterial material includes the following steps: S21. By weight, add 3-5 parts of nano zinc oxide to 30-50 parts of isopropanol, ultrasonically disperse for 30-40 minutes, and then add 0.5-1 parts of surfactant to obtain a dispersion. S22. By mass, add 0.3 to 0.6 parts of titanium trichloride to 30 to 50 parts of isopropanol, mix evenly, then add the dispersion, and stir at 300 to 500 rpm for 30 to 40 minutes under a nitrogen atmosphere. S23. Heat the system to 180-200℃, keep it at that temperature for 12-24 hours, cool it down to 40-50℃, centrifuge and filter to collect the solid, wash it with deionized water and ethanol in sequence, dry it under vacuum at 60-70℃, and grind it to obtain nano zinc oxide loaded with trivalent titanium. S24. Dissolve 1.5 to 3 parts by weight of quaternized chitosan-100k in 50 parts of deionized water, add 5 to 6 parts of nano zinc oxide loaded with trivalent titanium, ultrasonically disperse for 30 to 40 minutes, stir at 300 to 500 rpm for 12 to 24 hours, centrifuge and filter to collect the solid, dry at 60 to 70°C, and grind to obtain nano antibacterial material.

5. The environmentally friendly Non-PVC flooring according to claim 4, wherein, The surfactant in S21 is one or more combinations of pentadecyl glycoside, polyvinylpyrrolidone, and polyethylene glycol-200.

6. The environmentally friendly Non-PVC flooring according to claim 2, wherein, The method for preparing the modified hemp fiber includes the following steps: S31. According to the mass fraction, 20-30 parts of hemp fiber are soaked in 50-100 parts of 5-10wt% sodium hydroxide solution for 2-4 hours, rinsed with deionized water until neutral, and dried at 80-100℃ to obtain alkali-treated hemp fiber. S32. By mass, add 3-8 parts of KH-590 silane coupling agent to 100-150 parts of deionized water, stir at 40-50°C and 500-600 rpm for 30-40 minutes, add 10-20 parts of alkali-treated hemp fiber and 1-3 parts of nano-silica, stir for 1-2 hours, filter and dry to obtain modified hemp fiber.

7. A method for preparing environmentally friendly non-PVC flooring, comprising the following steps: S1. Weigh the raw materials required for each layer, pass the cork particles through steam at 300-350℃ for 0.5-1h, dry them at 80-100℃ and control the moisture content to 6-8% for pretreatment, and then cool them for later use. S2. Preparation of transparent sheet and color filter layer: After the raw materials of transparent sheet and color filter layer are mixed evenly, they are sequentially extruded to obtain transparent sheet and color filter layer; S3. Preparation of the base layer: After the raw materials for the base layer are mixed evenly, the base layer is obtained by internal mixer, open mill and calendering. S4. Preparation of floor mat layer: Mix the raw materials of the floor mat layer evenly, and then hot press them at 150-170℃ for 10-15 minutes to obtain the floor mat layer. S5. Bonding Non-PVC Flooring Substrate: The transparent sheet, colored film layer and base layer are hot-pressed at 210-230℃ for 10-15 minutes to obtain a plastic layer. The underlay layer is coated with adhesive and the plastic layer is bonded to obtain the Non-PVC flooring substrate. S6. Surface treatment: Coat the surface of the Non-PVC flooring substrate with a UV wear-resistant primer with a thickness of 150-200μm, cure it under ultraviolet light for 30-90s, and then punch and mill the edges to obtain the Non-PVC flooring.

8. The method for preparing an environmentally friendly non-PVC flooring according to claim 7, wherein, In S2, the extruder inlet temperature is 200-220℃ and the outlet temperature is 230-250℃; in S3, the mixing temperature of the internal mixer is 230-250℃, the mixing interval is 5-10 minutes, the single mixing time is 10-20 minutes, and the opening temperature of the open mill is 190-220℃; in S5, the adhesive is either AB glue or PUR glue.

9. The method for preparing an environmentally friendly non-PVC flooring according to claim 7, wherein, The preparation method of the UV abrasion-resistant primer includes the following steps: S11. By mass, 10-15 parts of epoxidized palm oil are added to 50-80 parts of n-heptane, and then 20-30 parts of isopropanolamine are added dropwise. After passing nitrogen gas through, the mixture is reacted at 70-100℃ for 4-6 hours to obtain palm oil amide polyol. S12. By mass, 10-15 parts of palm oil amide polyol and 40-50 parts of isophorone diisocyanate are reacted at 70-80℃ for 1-3 hours under nitrogen protection. The temperature is then lowered to 40-50℃, and 10-15 parts of hydroxyethyl acrylate and 0.3-0.5 parts of p-hydroxyanisole are added. The reaction continues for 2-4 hours. The mixture is then distilled under reduced pressure to obtain modified polyurethane acrylate. S13. By weight, add 2-3 parts of photoinitiator, 0.5-1 parts of BYK-333 leveling agent, 30-40 parts of polyester acrylate, 10-20 parts of modified polyurethane acrylate and 30-40 parts of isoborneol acrylate to 30-50 parts of anhydrous ethanol, and stir evenly to obtain a UV wear-resistant primer.

10. A method for preparing an environmentally friendly non-PVC flooring according to claim 9, wherein, The photoinitiator in S13 is any one or a combination of benzoyl carbamate, 2,2-dimethoxy-2-phenylacetophenone, or benzoyl dimethylpyrrolidone.

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