Multi-fuel internal combustion engine using solid-state hydrogen storage, methanol, hydrogen, gasoline and diesel, and natural gas

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of internal combustion engine fuels, and provides a multi-fuel internal combustion engine using solid-state hydrogen storage, methanol, hydrogen, gasoline and diesel, and natural gas. The multi-fuel internal combustion engine comprises: a multi-fuel internal combustion engine body; a gas storage tank, in communication with an gas inlet pipe of the multi-fuel internal combustion engine body, wherein a flow regulating valve is mounted on the gas inlet pipe; a hydrogen supply assembly and a natural gas supply assembly, each connected to the gas storage tank; a methanol reformer, wherein a methanol reformer jacket is provided on an outer periphery of the methanol reformer, and the methanol reformer is connected to a methanol and gasoline-diesel supply assembly; and a solid-state hydrogen storage tank, wherein a solid-state hydrogen storage tank jacket is provided on an outer periphery of the solid-state hydrogen storage tank, a hydrogen injection pipe and a hydrogen discharge pipe are connected to the solid-state hydrogen storage tank, and the hydrogen discharge pipe is configured to communicate with the gas storage tank. The present invention enables flexible supply of one or more fuels to the internal combustion engine, and achieves an improved fuel conversion rate during the conversion process.

Description

A solid-state hydrogen storage alcohol-hydrogen multi-fuel internal combustion engine for gasoline, diesel, and natural gas Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of internal combustion engine fuel technology, and more specifically, to a solid-state hydrogen storage alcohol-hydrogen multi-fuel internal combustion engine for gasoline, diesel, and natural gas. Background Technology

[0002] With the increasing emphasis on energy conservation and emission reduction under the concept of environmental protection, the use of green methanol, green hydrogen, and methane natural gas as fuels in internal combustion engines has become more and more common.

[0003] However, most current internal combustion engines use a single fuel system, such as gasoline, diesel, methanol, natural gas, or hydrogen, which cannot accommodate the use of multiple fuels, and some fuels have low conversion rates during the conversion process. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention aims to solve the problem that most current internal combustion engines still use a single fuel and cannot accommodate the use of multiple fuels, and that some fuels have low conversion rates during the conversion process.

[0005] To address the above problems, this invention provides a solid-state hydrogen storage alcohol-hydrogen multi-fuel internal combustion engine for gasoline, diesel, and natural gas, comprising:

[0006] Multi-fuel internal combustion engine block;

[0007] An air storage tank is connected to the air intake pipe of the multi-fuel internal combustion engine body, and a flow regulating valve is installed on the air intake pipe;

[0008] Both the hydrogen supply assembly and the natural gas supply assembly are connected to the gas storage tank.

[0009] A methanol reforming furnace, wherein a methanol reforming furnace jacket is provided around the methanol reforming furnace, and the methanol reforming furnace is connected to a methanol and gasoline / diesel supply assembly to supply methanol and / or gasoline / diesel through the methanol and gasoline / diesel supply assembly;

[0010] A solid hydrogen storage tank, wherein a solid hydrogen storage tank jacket is provided around the solid hydrogen storage tank, the solid hydrogen storage tank is connected to a hydrogen injection pipe and a hydrogen discharge pipe, the hydrogen discharge pipe is configured to communicate with the gas storage tank, and the solid hydrogen storage tank jacket is connected to an auxiliary heating component and a cooling component respectively.

[0011] The exhaust pipe of the multi-fuel internal combustion engine is connected to the jacket of the methanol reformer and the jacket of the solid hydrogen storage tank. A mixed gas supply component and a separation and reflux component are respectively provided between the methanol reformer and the gas storage tank. The mixed gas supply component is used to transport the combustible mixed gas generated in the methanol reformer to the gas storage tank. The separation and reflux component is used to return the methanol and / or gasoline and diesel in the gas storage tank to the methanol reformer.

[0012] Optionally, the methanol reforming furnace includes a furnace body and a methanol reforming furnace perforated plate disposed within the furnace body. The methanol reforming furnace jacket is fitted onto the outer wall of the furnace body, and the methanol reforming furnace perforated plate is used to hold the catalyst that generates the combustible mixed gas.

[0013] Optionally, the mixed gas supply assembly includes a mixed gas supply pipe, a mixed gas electric valve and a one-way valve installed on the mixed gas supply pipe, the mixed gas electric valve and the one-way valve being arranged sequentially along the flow direction of the combustible mixed gas, and the one-way valve being used for unidirectional flow of the mixed gas.

[0014] Optionally, the separation and reflux assembly includes a reflux pipe, a gas-liquid separator, and a one-way valve. The reflux pipe is used to connect the gas storage tank and the methanol reformer. The gas-liquid separator and the one-way valve are sequentially installed on the reflux pipe along the flow direction of methanol and / or gasoline and diesel. The one-way valve is used for unidirectional flow of methanol and / or gasoline and diesel.

[0015] Optionally, the exhaust pipe includes exhaust pipe one, exhaust pipe two, and exhaust pipe three. Exhaust pipe one connects the multi-fuel internal combustion engine body and the methanol reformer jacket. One end of exhaust pipe two is connected to the methanol reformer jacket, and the other end is connected to the air inlet of the temperature control fan. An exhaust pipe valve is installed on exhaust pipe two. An exhaust pipe vent valve is also installed on exhaust pipe two, located between the methanol reformer jacket and the exhaust pipe valve, via a branch pipe body one. Exhaust pipe three is used to connect the air outlet of the temperature control fan and the solid hydrogen storage tank jacket. The solid hydrogen storage tank jacket is also connected to one end of the discharge pipe. The other end of the discharge pipe is a free exhaust end, and an exhaust pipe valve is installed on the pipe body at the other end.

[0016] Optionally, the auxiliary heating assembly includes a temperature-controlled electric heating element and a temperature gauge, wherein the temperature-controlled electric heating element is used to heat the solid hydrogen storage tank, and the temperature gauge is used to measure the temperature of the solid hydrogen storage tank.

[0017] Optionally, the cooling assembly includes a cooling tank, a pump, and a return pipe. The cooling tank contains coolant. Both the cooling tank and the pump are installed on a first coolant pipe. One end of the first coolant pipe is connected to the jacket of the solid hydrogen storage tank, and the other end is connected to the inlet of the temperature control fan. The outlet of the temperature control fan is connected to the jacket of the solid hydrogen storage tank via a second coolant pipe. A second tank valve and a first tank valve are respectively installed at both ends of the cooling tank and on the first coolant pipe. One end of the return pipe is connected to the jacket of the solid hydrogen storage tank, and the other end is connected to the pipe body of the first coolant pipe located between the second tank valve and the cooling tank.

[0018] Optionally, the connection points of the return pipe and the coolant pipe to the solid hydrogen storage tank jacket are located on both sides of the solid hydrogen storage tank jacket.

[0019] Optionally, the hydrogen discharge pipe includes a hydrogen connection pipe for connecting the solid hydrogen storage tank and the gas storage tank. Along the direction of hydrogen flow, the hydrogen connection pipe is equipped with a hydrogen electric valve, a hydrogen automatic pressure sensing pump, and a one-way valve, which is used for unidirectional hydrogen flow.

[0020] Optionally, a temperature-controlled automatic exhaust valve is installed on the exhaust pipe three via the branch pipe two.

[0021] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: Connecting the exhaust pipe to the jacket of the solid hydrogen storage tank utilizes the waste heat of the exhaust gas in the exhaust pipe of the multi-fuel internal combustion engine to heat the solid hydrogen storage tank, saving energy. An auxiliary heating component can also be used to assist in heating the solid hydrogen storage tank, ensuring stable hydrogen release. When the solid hydrogen storage tank needs to be filled with hydrogen through the hydrogen injection pipe, a cooling component is connected to the jacket to cool the solid hydrogen storage tank, allowing for stable hydrogen filling. This achieves the goal of stable hydrogen storage and release, with the hydrogen from the hydrogen release reaction entering the storage tank. Connecting the exhaust pipe to the jacket of the methanol reformer utilizes the waste heat of the exhaust gas in the exhaust pipe of the multi-fuel internal combustion engine to heat the methanol reformer and generate a combustible mixture, which can also be supplied to the storage tank. Simultaneously, a separation and reflux component between the methanol reformer and the storage tank is used... In applications using methanol and / or gasoline / diesel as fuel, the incompletely converted methanol and / or gasoline / diesel can be recycled back into the methanol reformer. This not only increases the overall conversion amount and rate of methanol and / or gasoline / diesel but also increases the content of the combustible mixture. Furthermore, with the hydrogen and natural gas supply components installed on the gas storage tank, hydrogen and (methane) natural gas can be supplied separately. Thus, the internal combustion engine can be refueled with one or more of hydrogen, natural gas, methanol, and gasoline / diesel according to actual needs in different application scenarios, avoiding the limitation of a single fuel. This allows the multi-fuel internal combustion engine to be configured for flexible fuel supply. Moreover, by providing a parallel solution of direct hydrogen supply and solid-state hydrogen storage and release, solid-state hydrogen storage technology, compared to the existing technology of using high-pressure hydrogen cylinders for hydrogen storage and transportation, reduces the high-pressure hazard and increases the hydrogen storage capacity, which can promote the widespread use of green hydrogen. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 shows a schematic diagram of the structure of a solid-state hydrogen storage alcohol-hydrogen multi-fuel internal combustion engine for gasoline, diesel, and natural gas in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Multi-fuel internal combustion engine block; 2. Exhaust pipe 1; 3. One-way valve 1; 4. Gas-liquid separator; 5. Return pipe; 6. Methanol reformer jacket; 7. Methanol reformer perforated plate; 8. Methanol reformer; 9. Methanol and gasoline / diesel connecting pipe; 10. One-way valve 2; 11. Methanol and gasoline / diesel automatic pressure sensing pump; 12. Fuel tank electric valve; 13. Methanol and gasoline / diesel fuel tank; 14. Coolant pipe 1; 15. Pump; 16. Tank valve 1; 17. Cooling tank; 18. Tank valve 2; 19. Temperature control electric heating element; 20. Return pipe; 21. Solid hydrogen storage tank; 22. Exhaust pipe valve; 23. Solid hydrogen storage tank jacket; 24. Thermometer; 25. Safety relief valve; 26. Pressure gauge; 27. Hydrogen connecting pipe; 28. Hydrogen cylinder; 29. ​​Hydrogen cylinder 30. Gas Injection Port; 31. Natural Gas Cylinder; 32. Natural Gas Connection Pipe; 33. Hydrogen Electric Valve; 34. Natural Gas Electric Valve; 35. Hydrogen Automatic Pressure Sensing Pump; 36. Natural Gas Automatic Pressure Sensing Pump; 37. Check Valve Three; 38. Check Valve Four; 39. Hydrogen Connection Pipe; 40. Hydrogen Electric Valve; 41. Hydrogen Automatic Pressure Sensing Pump; 42. Check Valve Five; 43. Mixed Gas Electric Valve; 44. Check Valve Six; 45. Gas Storage Tank; 46. Inlet Pipe; 47. Flow Control Valve; 48. Exhaust Pipe Two; 49. Exhaust Pipe Vent Valve; 50. Exhaust Pipe Valve; 51. Temperature Control Fan; 52. Exhaust Pipe Three; 53. Temperature Control Automatic Exhaust Valve; 54. Coolant Pipe Two; 55. Hydrogen Injection Port; 56. Discharge Pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0024] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0025] In the description of this specification, references to terms such as "embodiment," "one embodiment," and "one implementation" indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or implementation is included in at least one embodiment or illustrative implementation of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or implementation. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or implementations.

[0026] Referring to Figure 1, an embodiment of the present invention proposes a solid-state hydrogen storage alcohol-hydrogen multi-fuel internal combustion engine for gasoline, diesel, and natural gas, comprising:

[0027] Multi-fuel internal combustion engine block 1;

[0028] The gas storage tank 45 is connected to the intake pipe 46 of the multi-fuel internal combustion engine body 1, and a flow regulating valve 47 is installed on the intake pipe 46.

[0029] The gas storage tank 45 serves as a multi-fuel storage and supply device, receiving sources of all fuels and supplying fuel to the multi-fuel internal combustion engine body 1 through the intake pipe 46. The flow regulating valve 47 is used to regulate the amount of fuel supplied.

[0030] Both the hydrogen supply assembly and the natural gas supply assembly are connected to the gas storage tank 45.

[0031] The hydrogen supply unit and the natural gas supply unit can supply natural gas and hydrogen to the storage tank 45 independently, respectively.

[0032] A methanol reformer 8 is provided with a methanol reformer jacket 6 around its periphery. The methanol reformer 8 is supplied with methanol and / or gasoline and diesel through a methanol and gasoline / diesel supply assembly.

[0033] Solid hydrogen storage tank 21, with a solid hydrogen storage tank jacket 23 on its periphery, the solid hydrogen storage tank 21 is connected to a hydrogen injection pipe and a hydrogen discharge pipe, the hydrogen discharge pipe is connected to the gas storage tank 45, and the solid hydrogen storage tank jacket 23 is connected to an auxiliary heating component and a cooling component respectively.

[0034] The solid hydrogen storage tank 21 contains a hydrogen storage alloy. The hydrogen storage alloy and hydrogen can react under different temperature and pressure conditions to achieve hydrogen release by heating and hydrogen storage by cooling.

[0035] The exhaust pipe of the multi-fuel internal combustion engine body 1 is connected to the methanol reformer jacket 6 and the solid hydrogen storage tank jacket 23. A mixed gas supply component and a separation and reflux component are provided between the methanol reformer 8 and the gas storage tank 45. The mixed gas supply component is used to transport the combustible mixed gas generated in the methanol reformer 8 to the gas storage tank 45. The separation and reflux component is used to return the methanol and / or gasoline and diesel in the gas storage tank 45 to the methanol reformer 8.

[0036] Specifically, the solid hydrogen storage tank 21 serves as a source of hydrogen supply in addition to the hydrogen supply components. It can be heated and hydrogen released (hydrogen evolution) by the high-temperature exhaust gas from the exhaust pipe of the multi-fuel internal combustion engine 1 entering the jacket 23 of the solid hydrogen storage tank. The auxiliary heating component can assist in heating when the heat of the exhaust gas is insufficient. Under the action of the cooling component, hydrogen is injected into the solid hydrogen storage tank 21 through the hydrogen injection pipe to achieve cooling hydrogen addition (hydrogen storage). The stored hydrogen is released by subsequent heating and injected into the gas storage tank 45 through the hydrogen discharge pipe. The hydrogen discharge pipe is connected to the gas storage tank 45, that is, the hydrogen discharge pipe is only connected to the gas storage tank 45 when heating and releasing hydrogen to avoid fuel backflow.

[0037] With the aid of a mixed gas supply assembly and a separation and reflux assembly between the methanol reformer 8 and the gas storage tank 45, and since the methanol reformer jacket 6 is located around the methanol reformer 8, the methanol reformer 8 supplies methanol and gasoline / diesel through a methanol and gasoline / diesel supply assembly. High-temperature exhaust gas enters the methanol reformer jacket 6 via the exhaust pipe of the multi-fuel internal combustion engine 1. The methanol reformer 8 acts as a reaction vessel, generating a combustible mixed gas under heating conditions. This combustible mixed gas flows into the gas storage tank 45. Because this reaction is incomplete, the combustible mixed gas contains methanol and / or gasoline / diesel, which are in a liquid state. Therefore, the methanol and / or gasoline / diesel in the combustible mixed gas flowing into the gas storage tank 45 can be separated from the combustible mixed gas by the separation and reflux assembly and returned to the methanol reformer 8 for another conversion reaction, promoting the conversion of methanol and / or gasoline / diesel.

[0038] It should be noted that the combustible gas mixture includes one or more of the following: hydrogen, carbon monoxide, methanol, gasoline and diesel, and alkanes and alkenes, which are catalytic cracking products of gasoline and diesel.

[0039] In this embodiment, the exhaust pipe is connected to the solid hydrogen storage tank jacket 23, utilizing the waste heat of the exhaust gas in the exhaust pipe of the multi-fuel internal combustion engine 1 to heat the solid hydrogen storage tank 21, saving energy. An auxiliary heating component can also be used to assist heating of the solid hydrogen storage tank 21, ensuring stable hydrogen release. When the solid hydrogen storage tank 21 needs to be filled with hydrogen through the hydrogen injection pipe, a cooling component is connected to the solid hydrogen storage tank jacket 23 to cool the solid hydrogen storage tank 21, allowing for stable hydrogen filling. This achieves the stable hydrogen storage and release of hydrogen from the solid hydrogen storage tank 21, with the released hydrogen entering the gas storage tank 45. The exhaust pipe is also connected to the methanol reformer jacket 6, utilizing the waste heat of the exhaust gas in the exhaust pipe of the multi-fuel internal combustion engine 1 to heat the methanol reformer 8 to generate a combustible mixture. This combustible mixture can also be supplied to the gas storage tank 45. Simultaneously, the heat generated between the methanol reformer 8 and the gas storage tank 45 is utilized. The separation and reflux assembly, in applications using methanol and / or gasoline / diesel as fuel, recycles incompletely converted methanol and / or gasoline / diesel back into the methanol reformer 8. This not only increases the overall conversion amount and rate of methanol and / or gasoline / diesel but also increases the content of the combustible mixture. Furthermore, in conjunction with the hydrogen supply assembly and natural gas supply assembly on the gas storage tank 45, hydrogen and (methane) natural gas can be supplied separately. Thus, the internal combustion engine can be refueled with one or more of hydrogen, natural gas, methanol, and gasoline / diesel according to actual needs in different application scenarios, avoiding the limitation of a single fuel. This allows the multi-fuel internal combustion engine body 1 to be configured for flexible fuel supply. Moreover, by providing a parallel solution of direct hydrogen supply and solid-state hydrogen storage and release, solid-state hydrogen storage technology, compared to the existing technology of using high-pressure hydrogen cylinders for hydrogen storage and transportation, reduces the high-pressure hazard and increases the hydrogen storage capacity, which can promote the widespread use of green hydrogen.

[0040] This invention enables the use of multiple fuels, such as methanol, gasoline, diesel, hydrogen, and natural gas, in the same internal combustion engine, solving the problem of balancing operational economy and refueling convenience. Moreover, methane and natural gas can be derived from biogas purification and are also green fuels. Therefore, methanol, hydrogen, and natural gas can all be green fuels, meeting national and global energy conservation and emission reduction requirements. Furthermore, solid-state hydrogen storage technology reduces the high-pressure hazards and increases hydrogen storage capacity compared to existing technologies that use high-pressure hydrogen cylinders for storage and transportation. This can promote the widespread use of green hydrogen, especially in the promotion and application of green carbon reduction in ships, trains, heavy trucks, and passenger cars, where it will play a significant role.

[0041] In this invention, the following methods are used: 1) using a combustible gas mixture from reformed methanol and / or gasoline / diesel; 2) using a natural gas single-fuel system from a natural gas supply component; 3) using a hydrogen single-fuel system from a hydrogen cylinder supply component; 4) using a hydrogen single-fuel system from a solid hydrogen storage tank supply component; 5) using a hydrogen single-fuel system combining a solid hydrogen storage tank supply component and a hydrogen cylinder supply component; 6) using a natural gas dual-fuel system combining a combustible gas mixture from reformed methanol and / or gasoline / diesel with a natural gas supply component; and 7) using a hydrogen dual-fuel system combining a hydrogen cylinder supply component and a natural gas supply component. The following combinations can all be used as fuel: 8, a dual-fuel combination of hydrogen fuel supplied by a solid-state hydrogen storage tank supply component and natural gas supplied by a natural gas supply component; 9, a dual-fuel combination of hydrogen fuel supplied by a solid-state hydrogen storage tank supply component and natural gas supplied by a hydrogen cylinder supply component; 10, a dual-fuel combination of hydrogen fuel supplied by a combustible mixture of methanol and / or reformed gasoline and diesel and hydrogen supplied by a hydrogen cylinder supply component; and 11, a dual-fuel combination of hydrogen fuel supplied by a solid-state hydrogen storage tank supply component and hydrogen supplied by a hydrogen cylinder supply component.

[0042] It should be noted that if the above-mentioned fuels involve two or more types, they can be combined according to a pre-set ratio when used.

[0043] As shown in Figure 1, the hydrogen supply assembly includes a hydrogen cylinder 28, a hydrogen connecting pipe 39, a hydrogen electric valve 33, a hydrogen automatic pressure sensing pump 35, and a one-way valve 37. The hydrogen cylinder 28 is connected to the gas storage tank 45 through the hydrogen connecting pipe 39. Along the direction of hydrogen flow, the hydrogen electric valve 33, the hydrogen automatic pressure sensing pump 35, and the one-way valve 37 are sequentially installed on the hydrogen connecting pipe 39. The hydrogen cylinder 28 is also equipped with a hydrogen cylinder filling port 29, and a sealing valve is installed on the hydrogen cylinder filling port 29.

[0044] When hydrogen is supplied through the hydrogen supply assembly, the hydrogen electric valve 33 is opened, and the hydrogen enters the storage tank 45 through the hydrogen electric valve 33 on the hydrogen connection pipe 39, the hydrogen automatic pressure sensing pump 35, and the one-way valve 37.

[0045] Similar to the hydrogen supply assembly, the natural gas supply assembly includes a natural gas cylinder 31, a natural gas electric valve 34, a natural gas automatic pressure sensing pump 36, a one-way valve 38, and a natural gas connecting pipe 32. The natural gas cylinder 31 is connected to the gas storage tank 45 through the natural gas connecting pipe 32. Along the direction of natural gas flow, the natural gas connecting pipe 32 is sequentially equipped with the natural gas electric valve 34, the natural gas automatic pressure sensing pump 36, and the one-way valve 38. The natural gas cylinder 31 is also equipped with a natural gas injection port 30, which is equipped with a closing valve. Similarly, the process of supplying natural gas is similar to that of supplying hydrogen and will not be described here.

[0046] As shown in Figure 1, in an optional embodiment of the present invention, the methanol reforming furnace 8 includes a furnace body and a methanol reforming furnace perforated plate 7 disposed in the furnace body. The methanol reforming furnace jacket 6 is sleeved on the outer wall of the furnace body, and the methanol reforming furnace perforated plate 7 is used to hold the catalyst that generates the combustible mixed gas.

[0047] The methanol and gasoline / diesel supply assembly includes a methanol and gasoline / diesel tank 13, a tank electric valve 12, a methanol and gasoline / diesel automatic pressure sensing pump 11, a second check valve 10, and a methanol and gasoline / diesel connecting pipe 9. The methanol and gasoline / diesel connecting pipe 9 is used to connect the inside of the methanol and gasoline / diesel tank 13 and the inner bottom of the methanol reformer 8. Along the flow direction of methanol and / or gasoline / diesel from the methanol and gasoline / diesel tank 13 to the methanol reformer 8, the methanol and gasoline / diesel connecting pipe 9 is sequentially equipped with the tank electric valve 12, the methanol and gasoline / diesel automatic pressure sensing pump 11, and the second check valve 10. The second check valve 10 is used to prevent the reverse flow of methanol and / or gasoline / diesel.

[0048] Specifically, the methanol reformer 8 includes a furnace body, and a porous plate 7 for methanol reforming is provided at the bottom of the furnace body. A catalyst is provided on the porous plate 7. Under the conditions of catalyst and heating, methanol and gasoline / diesel react to generate a combustible gas mixture, which is mixed with a portion of liquid methanol and / or gasoline / diesel.

[0049] As shown in Figure 1, in an optional embodiment of the present invention, the mixed gas supply assembly includes a mixed gas supply pipe, a mixed gas electric valve 43 and a one-way valve 44 installed on the mixed gas supply pipe. The mixed gas electric valve 43 and the one-way valve 44 are arranged sequentially along the flow direction of the combustible mixed gas, and the one-way valve 44 is used for the unidirectional flow of the combustible mixed gas.

[0050] The separation and reflux assembly includes a reflux pipe 5, a gas-liquid separator 4, and a one-way valve 3. The reflux pipe 5 is used to connect the gas storage tank 45 and the methanol reformer 8 (bottom). The gas-liquid separator 4 and the one-way valve 3 are installed sequentially on the reflux pipe 5 along the flow direction of methanol and / or gasoline and diesel. The one-way valve 3 is used for unidirectional flow of methanol and / or gasoline and diesel.

[0051] Specifically, the mixed gas supply assembly and the separation and reflux assembly are used in conjunction with each other. When using methanol and / or gasoline / diesel fuel, the methanol in the methanol and gasoline / diesel fuel tank 13 enters the lower part of the methanol reformer 8 through the fuel tank electric valve 12, the methanol and gasoline / diesel automatic pressure sensing pump 11, and the one-way valve 10 on the methanol and gasoline / diesel connecting pipe 9. It then contacts the catalyst on the upper part of the methanol reformer perforated plate 7 and is heated by the waste heat of the flue gas in the exhaust pipe 2, reacting to generate a combustible mixture. The mixed gas enters the gas storage tank 45 through the electric valve 43 and the one-way valve 44, and then enters the multi-fuel internal combustion engine 1 through the flow regulating valve 47 on the intake pipe 46 for combustion. The unconverted methanol and / or gasoline and diesel are also mixed in the combustible gas mixture and enter the gas storage tank 45. Then, through the gas-liquid separator 4 and the one-way valve 3 at the bottom of the gas storage tank 45, the methanol and / or gasoline and diesel are circulated back to the bottom of the methanol reformer 8, realizing the reflux of unreacted methanol and / or gasoline and diesel and improving the conversion rate of methanol and / or gasoline and diesel.

[0052] The catalysts in the methanol reformer 8 include methanol reforming catalysts and gasoline and diesel cracking catalysts.

[0053] As shown in Figure 1, in an optional embodiment of the present invention, the exhaust pipe includes an exhaust pipe 2, an exhaust pipe 48, and an exhaust pipe 52. The exhaust pipe 2 connects the multi-fuel internal combustion engine body 1 and the methanol reformer jacket 6. One end of the exhaust pipe 48 is connected to the methanol reformer jacket 6, and the other end is connected to the air inlet of the temperature control fan 51. An exhaust pipe valve 50 is installed on the exhaust pipe 48. An exhaust pipe vent valve 49 is also installed on the exhaust pipe 48, located between the methanol reformer jacket 6 and the exhaust pipe valve 50, through a branch pipe body. The exhaust pipe 52 is used to connect the air outlet of the temperature control fan 51 and the solid hydrogen storage tank jacket 23. The solid hydrogen storage tank jacket 23 is also connected to one end of the discharge pipe 56. The other end of the discharge pipe 56 is a free exhaust end, and an exhaust pipe valve 22 is installed on the pipe body at the other end.

[0054] Specifically, the first branch pipe is located between the second exhaust pipe 48 and the exhaust pipe valve 50. One end of the first branch pipe is connected to the second exhaust pipe 48, and the other end is the exhaust outlet. An exhaust pipe vent valve 49 is installed on the first branch pipe.

[0055] In this optional embodiment, if only the methanol reformer jacket 6 requires heat from the waste gas, the exhaust pipe valve 50 is closed and the exhaust pipe vent valve 49 is opened. At this time, hydrogen evolution reaction generally does not occur in the solid hydrogen storage tank 21. If hydrogen evolution reaction is required in the solid hydrogen storage tank 21, the exhaust pipe vent valve 49 is closed and the exhaust pipe valve 50 is opened, allowing the waste gas to enter the solid hydrogen storage tank jacket 23 sequentially through exhaust pipe 1 2, methanol reformer jacket 6, exhaust pipe 2 48, temperature control fan 51, and exhaust pipe 3 52. The temperature control fan 51 is temperature-controlled and can preheat the waste gas. It should be noted that the temperature control fan 51 is equipped with a flue gas heating pipe and a liquid cooling pipe, and the two pipes are independent.

[0056] Because the exhaust gas discharged from the multi-fuel internal combustion engine body 1 can be utilized to different degrees, the rational utilization of exhaust gas is improved, the efficiency of waste heat utilization is improved, and the components can cooperate effectively. The cooling reaction (hydrogenation) and heating (hydrogen evolution) reaction can share some pipelines.

[0057] As shown in Figure 1, in an optional embodiment of the present invention, the auxiliary heating component includes a temperature-controlled electric heating element 19 and a temperature gauge 24. The temperature-controlled electric heating element 19 is used to heat the solid hydrogen storage tank 21, and the temperature gauge 24 is used to measure the temperature of the solid hydrogen storage tank 21.

[0058] Specifically, when a hydrogen evolution reaction is required, the temperature-controlled heating element 19 heats the solid hydrogen storage tank 21 according to the temperature required for the hydrogen evolution reaction. This heating is generally auxiliary heating; therefore, the heat required for hydrogen evolution mainly comes from the heat contained in the exhaust gas in the exhaust pipe. The reaction temperature inside the solid hydrogen storage tank 21 is measured by the temperature gauge 24 to control the reaction. The process of achieving hydrogen evolution through the cooling assembly will be explained in detail below.

[0059] As shown in Figure 1, in an optional embodiment of the present invention, the cooling assembly includes a cooling tank 17, a pump 15, and a return pipe 20. The cooling tank 17 contains coolant. Both the cooling tank 17 and the pump 15 are installed on a first coolant pipe 14. One end of the first coolant pipe 14 is connected to the solid hydrogen storage tank jacket 23, and the other end is connected to the inlet of the temperature control fan 51. The outlet of the temperature control fan 51 is connected to the solid hydrogen storage tank jacket 23 via a second coolant pipe 54. A second tank valve 18 and a first tank valve 16 are respectively installed at both ends of the cooling tank 17 and on the first coolant pipe 14. One end of the return pipe 20 is connected to the solid hydrogen storage tank jacket 23, and the other end is connected to the pipe body of the first coolant pipe 14 located between the second tank valve 18 and the cooling tank 17.

[0060] The solid hydrogen storage tank 21 is also equipped with a hydrogen injection port 55, which is equipped with an opening and closing valve. The hydrogen injection port 55 is used to inject hydrogen.

[0061] When using the hydrogen fuel stored in the solid hydrogen storage tank 21, first turn off the pump 15 and the first valve 16 of the tank body, open the second valve 18 of the tank body to drain all the coolant in the jacket 23 of the solid hydrogen storage tank into the cooling tank 17, then close the second valve 18 of the tank body, open the exhaust pipe valve 22, close the exhaust pipe vent valve 49 (and open the exhaust pipe valve 50), and the exhaust gas from the internal combustion engine enters the jacket 23 of the solid hydrogen storage tank through the first exhaust pipe 2, the methanol reformer jacket 6, the second exhaust pipe 48, the exhaust pipe valve 50, the temperature control fan 51, and the third exhaust pipe 52 to heat the solid hydrogen storage tank 21. At the same time, auxiliary heating is provided by the temperature control electric heating element 19 (when the heat provided by the exhaust gas for the hydrogen evolution reaction is insufficient). The function of the temperature control automatic exhaust valve 53 installed on the second branch pipe is to ensure that the solid hydrogen storage tank 21 will not overheat or become unsafe due to exhaust gas heating.

[0062] Hydrogen gas released from the solid hydrogen storage tank 21 enters the storage tank 45 through the hydrogen electric valve 40, the hydrogen automatic pressure sensing pump 41, and the one-way valve 42 on the hydrogen connection pipe 27, and then enters the multi-fuel internal combustion engine 1 for combustion through the flow regulating valve 47.

[0063] Specifically, the coolant can be water. When using the solid hydrogen storage tank 21 for gas filling and storage, first open the vent valve 49 installed on the second vent pipe 48 and close the vent valve 50, while simultaneously closing the vent valve 22. Then, open the first tank valve 16 and the pump 15, and close the second tank valve 18. Hydrogen gas enters the solid hydrogen storage tank 21 through the hydrogen gas injection port 55 on the solid hydrogen storage tank 21. The coolant in the first coolant pipe 14 passes sequentially through the cooling tank 17, the first tank valve 16, the pump 15, the temperature control fan 51 (with its internal liquid-cooled pipes), and the second coolant pipe 54 into the solid hydrogen storage tank jacket 23, and then returns to the cooling tank 17 through the return pipe 20, thus achieving coolant circulation and cooling. Generally, the return pipe 20 is used as the coolant discharge pipe, and the discharged coolant enters the cooling tank 17. The temperature control fan 51 can provide air cooling for the coolant flowing from the first coolant pipe 14 to the second coolant pipe 54 according to actual cooling needs, improving the cooling effect and facilitating the completion of hydrogen refueling.

[0064] In this optional embodiment, by cooperating with the components in the cooling assembly, hydrogen can be added to the solid hydrogen storage tank 21 under coolant circulation without affecting the discharge of flue gas.

[0065] As shown in Figure 1, in an optional embodiment of the present invention, the connection positions of the return pipe 20 and the coolant pipe 14 to the solid hydrogen storage tank jacket 23 are located on both sides of the solid hydrogen storage tank jacket 23.

[0066] Specifically, the return pipe 20 and the coolant pipe 14 serve as the outlet and inlet of the solid hydrogen storage tank jacket 23, respectively. In order to maximize the circulation of coolant in the solid hydrogen storage tank 21, the distance between the return pipe 20 and the coolant pipe 14 should be as far as possible. Preferably, they are located on both sides of the solid hydrogen storage tank jacket 23, for example, on the left and right sides in Figure 1, so as to ensure that the coolant can cool every part of the solid hydrogen storage tank jacket 23 as much as possible, thereby improving the efficiency of hydrogen storage (filling).

[0067] As shown in Figure 1, in an optional embodiment of the present invention, the hydrogen discharge pipe includes a hydrogen connection pipe 27, which is used to connect the solid hydrogen storage tank 21 and the gas storage tank 45. Along the direction of hydrogen flow, a hydrogen electric valve 40, a hydrogen automatic pressure sensing pump 41, and a one-way valve 42 are respectively installed on the hydrogen connection pipe 27. The one-way valve 42 is used for the one-way flow of hydrogen.

[0068] Specifically, the hydrogen connection pipe 27 is configured such that, when hydrogen fuel is needed, the solid hydrogen storage tank 21 is heated by an auxiliary heating component, and the released hydrogen flows through the hydrogen connection pipe 27. After the hydrogen electric valve 40 is opened, the hydrogen flows along the hydrogen connection pipe 27, sequentially through the hydrogen electric valve 40, the hydrogen automatic pressure sensing pump 41, and the one-way valve 42. The one-way valve 42 is used for unidirectional flow of hydrogen, which then enters the storage tank 45 to obtain the hydrogen required for the operation of the storage tank 45. The hydrogen automatic pressure sensing pump 41 can sense the pressure of the hydrogen, thereby facilitating the control of the opening degree of the hydrogen electric valve 40. The one-way valve 42 ensures unidirectional flow of hydrogen from the solid hydrogen storage tank 21 to the storage tank 45. It should be noted that the hydrogen connection pipe 27 is also equipped with a pressure gauge 26, and a safety pressure relief valve 25 is also installed on the hydrogen connection pipe 27 through the branch pipe body 3. This serves to monitor the pressure of the hydrogen in the hydrogen connection pipe 27 and to release pressure, thereby improving the safety of hydrogen use.

[0069] As shown in Figure 1, in an optional embodiment of the present invention, in order to improve the safety of the exhaust pipe, a temperature-controlled automatic exhaust valve 53 is installed on the exhaust pipe 3 52 through the branch pipe 2.

[0070] Specifically, one end of the second branch pipe is connected to the third exhaust pipe 52, and the other end is the exhaust port.

[0071] In this optional embodiment, exhaust pipe 3 52, as part of the exhaust pipe, can open the temperature-controlled automatic exhaust valve 53 when exhaust or pressure relief is required, thereby improving the safety of the exhaust gas in the exhaust pipe.

[0072] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, enabling those skilled in the art to understand or implement the invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the present invention is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features of the invention herein.

[0073] While the present invention has been disclosed above, its scope of protection is not limited thereto. Those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and all such changes and modifications will fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A solid-state hydrogen storage alcohol-hydrogen multi-fuel internal combustion engine for gasoline, diesel, and natural gas, characterized in that, include: Multi-fuel internal combustion engine block (1); The gas storage tank (45) is connected to the intake pipe (46) of the multi-fuel internal combustion engine body (1), and the intake pipe (46) is equipped with a flow regulating valve (47); The hydrogen supply assembly and the natural gas supply assembly are both connected to the gas storage tank (45); A methanol reformer (8) is provided with a methanol reformer jacket (6) around its periphery, and the methanol reformer (8) is connected to a methanol and gasoline / diesel supply assembly. Solid hydrogen storage tank (21), the solid hydrogen storage tank (21) is surrounded by a solid hydrogen storage tank jacket (23), the solid hydrogen storage tank (21) is connected to a hydrogen injection pipe and a hydrogen discharge pipe, the hydrogen discharge pipe is connected to the gas storage tank (45), and the solid hydrogen storage tank jacket (23) is connected to an auxiliary heating component and a cooling component respectively. The exhaust pipe of the multi-fuel internal combustion engine body (1) is connected to the methanol reformer jacket (6) and the solid hydrogen storage tank jacket (23). A mixed gas supply component and a separation and reflux component are respectively provided between the methanol reformer (8) and the gas storage tank (45). The mixed gas supply component is used to transport the combustible mixed gas generated in the methanol reformer (8) to the gas storage tank (45). The separation and reflux component is used to return the methanol and / or gasoline and diesel in the gas storage tank (45) to the methanol reformer (8).

2. The solid-state hydrogen storage alcohol-hydrogen multi-fuel internal combustion engine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The methanol reforming furnace (8) includes a furnace body and a methanol reforming furnace perforated plate (7) disposed in the furnace body. The methanol reforming furnace jacket (6) is sleeved on the outer wall of the furnace body. The methanol reforming furnace perforated plate (7) is used to hold the catalyst that generates the combustible mixed gas.

3. The solid-state hydrogen storage alcohol-hydrogen multi-fuel internal combustion engine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mixed gas supply assembly includes a mixed gas supply pipe, a mixed gas electric valve (43) and a one-way valve (44) installed on the mixed gas supply pipe. The mixed gas electric valve (43) and the one-way valve (44) are arranged sequentially along the flow direction of the combustible mixed gas. The one-way valve (44) is used for the unidirectional flow of the combustible mixed gas.

4. The solid-state hydrogen storage alcohol-hydrogen multi-fuel internal combustion engine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The separation and reflux assembly includes a reflux pipe (5), a gas-liquid separator (4), and a one-way valve (3). The reflux pipe (5) is used to connect the gas storage tank (45) and the methanol reformer (8). The gas-liquid separator (4) and the one-way valve (3) are installed sequentially on the reflux pipe (5) along the flow direction of methanol and / or gasoline and diesel. The one-way valve (3) is used for the unidirectional flow of methanol and / or gasoline and diesel.

5. The solid-state hydrogen storage alcohol-hydrogen multi-fuel internal combustion engine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The exhaust pipe includes exhaust pipe one (2), exhaust pipe two (48), and exhaust pipe three (52). Exhaust pipe one (2) is used to connect the multi-fuel internal combustion engine body (1) and the methanol reformer jacket (6). One end of exhaust pipe two (48) is connected to the methanol reformer jacket (6), and the other end is connected to the air inlet of the temperature control fan (51). An exhaust pipe valve (50) is installed on exhaust pipe two (48). An exhaust vent valve (49) is installed between the methanol reformer jacket (6) and the exhaust valve (50) via a branch pipe body. The exhaust pipe (52) is used to connect the outlet of the temperature control fan (51) and the solid hydrogen storage tank jacket (23). The solid hydrogen storage tank jacket (23) is also connected to one end of the discharge pipe (56). The other end of the discharge pipe (56) is a free exhaust end, and an exhaust valve (22) is installed on the pipe body at the other end.

6. The solid-state hydrogen storage alcohol-hydrogen multi-fuel internal combustion engine according to claim 5, characterized in that, The cooling assembly includes a cooling tank (17), a pump (15), and a return pipe (20). The cooling tank (17) contains coolant. Both the cooling tank (17) and the pump (15) are installed on a first coolant pipe (14). One end of the first coolant pipe (14) is connected to the jacket (23) of the solid hydrogen storage tank, and the other end is connected to the inlet of the temperature control fan (51). The outlet of the temperature control fan (51) is connected to the jacket (23) of the solid hydrogen storage tank through a second coolant pipe (54). At both ends of the cooling tank (17) and on the first coolant pipe (14), a second tank valve (18) and a first tank valve (16) are respectively installed. One end of the return pipe (20) is connected to the jacket (23) of the solid hydrogen storage tank, and the other end is connected to the pipe between the second tank valve (18) and the cooling tank (17) on the first coolant pipe (14).

7. The solid-state hydrogen storage alcohol-hydrogen multi-fuel internal combustion engine according to claim 6, characterized in that, The connection points of the return pipe (20) and the coolant pipe (14) to the solid hydrogen storage tank jacket (23) are located on both sides of the solid hydrogen storage tank jacket (23).

8. The solid-state hydrogen storage alcohol-hydrogen multi-fuel internal combustion engine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hydrogen discharge pipe includes a hydrogen connection pipe (27), which is used to connect the solid hydrogen storage tank (21) and the gas storage tank (45). Along the direction of hydrogen flow, the hydrogen connection pipe (27) is equipped with a hydrogen electric valve (40), a hydrogen automatic pressure sensing pump (41), and a one-way valve (42), which is used for the one-way flow of hydrogen.

9. The solid-state hydrogen storage alcohol-hydrogen multi-fuel internal combustion engine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The auxiliary heating component includes a temperature-controlled electric heating element (19) and a temperature gauge (24). The temperature-controlled electric heating element (19) is used to heat the solid hydrogen storage tank (21), and the temperature gauge (24) is used to measure the temperature of the solid hydrogen storage tank (21).

10. The solid-state hydrogen storage alcohol-hydrogen multi-fuel internal combustion engine according to claim 5, characterized in that, The temperature-controlled automatic exhaust valve (53) installed on the exhaust pipe three (52) through the branch pipe two is an inclined surface, and the inclination angle of the inclined surface is the same as the inclination angle of the upper surface of the lower anvil forging.

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