Communication method and apparatus

Abstract

A communication method and apparatus. The communication apparatus can use N antenna subarrays to transmit first reference signals on N time domain resources, respectively, and use M antenna subarrays to transmit second reference signals on M time domain resources, respectively, wherein the N antenna subarrays and the M antenna subarrays all belong to an antenna array of a first communication apparatus, and the M antenna subarrays are different from the N antenna subarrays, M and N being integers greater than 1. In this way, the communication apparatus can transmit a first reference signal or a second reference signal on each time domain resource by means of one antenna subarray, such that antenna subarrays for transmitting signals are isolated from antenna subarrays for receiving signals, thereby reducing the interference from the transmitted signals to the received signals, and improving the sensing performance. In addition, the antenna subarrays for transmitting the first reference signals are different from the antenna subarrays for transmitting the second reference signals, such that measurements from sensing angles of different dimensions can be implemented, thereby further improving the sensing performance.

Description

Communication methods and devices

[0001] This application claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 202411960360.6, filed with the State Intellectual Property Office of China on December 25, 2024, entitled "Communication Method and Apparatus", the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0002] This application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to communication methods and apparatus. Background Technology

[0003] Currently, communication systems are gradually evolving towards integrated sensing and communication (ISAC). ISAC, also known as joint communications and sensing (JCAS), enables access network nodes and / or terminals to have sensing capabilities, thereby allowing the communication system to provide sensing services to users.

[0004] In scenarios where communication systems provide sensing services to users, access network nodes or terminals can employ a single-site sensing mode to sense targets. Taking access network node sensing a target as an example, the access network node can send a reference signal, which, after being reflected by the target, forms an echo signal and is received by the access network node. Subsequently, the access network node can obtain information such as the target's position, speed, or type based on the received echo signal.

[0005] In the above process, the signal transmitting end needs to both send the reference signal and receive the echo signal of the reference signal. Therefore, the signal sent by the signal transmitting end will interfere with the received echo signal, thereby affecting the sensing performance. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This application provides a communication method and apparatus that can reduce the interference of the signal transmitted by the signal transmitter on the received echo signal and improve sensing performance.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, this application adopts the following technical solution:

[0008] Firstly, a communication method is provided, which can be applied to a first communication device. In one scenario, the first communication device is a network-side device, such as an access network node, a module (e.g., processor, circuit, chip, or chip system) within the access network node, or a logic node, logic module, or software capable of implementing all or part of the functions of the access network node. In another scenario, the first communication device is a terminal-side device, such as a terminal or a communication / processing module within the terminal, or a circuit or chip in the terminal responsible for communication functions (e.g., a modem chip, also known as a baseband chip, or a system-on-a-chip (SoC) chip containing a modem core, or a system-in-package (SIP) chip), or a circuit or chip in the terminal responsible for processing functions (e.g., a graphics processing unit (GPU), an artificial intelligence (AI) processor, or an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC)).

[0009] The method includes: using N antenna subarrays to transmit a first reference signal on N time-domain resources respectively, wherein the N antenna subarrays belong to the antenna array of the first communication device, and N is an integer greater than 1; and using M antenna subarrays to transmit a second reference signal on M time-domain resources respectively, wherein the M antenna subarrays belong to the antenna array of the first communication device, and M is an integer greater than 1, and the M antenna subarrays are different from the N antenna subarrays.

[0010] Based on the method provided in the first aspect above, the first communication device can transmit a first reference signal or a second reference signal through one antenna subarray on each time-domain resource, thereby isolating the antenna subarray for transmitting the signal from the antenna subarray for receiving the signal, reducing interference between the transmitted signal and the received signal, and improving sensing performance. Furthermore, since the antenna subarray for transmitting the first reference signal is different from the antenna subarray for transmitting the second reference signal, it can achieve the measurement of sensing angles in different dimensions, further enhancing sensing performance.

[0011] In one possible implementation, the method includes: receiving channel state information, the channel state information being determined based on at least one of a first reference signal or a second reference signal.

[0012] Based on the above possible implementation methods, the first communication device is a network-side device, which can schedule resources for the terminal-side device according to the channel state information.

[0013] In one possible implementation, the method further includes: sending first indication information, wherein the first indication information is used to indicate N antenna subarrays.

[0014] Based on the above possible implementation methods, the device that receives the first indication information can determine the port to be measured, such as the port corresponding to / associated with N antenna subarrays.

[0015] In one possible implementation, the first indication information is used to indicate N antenna subarrays, including: the first indication information is used to indicate port information corresponding to the N antenna subarrays. For example, the first indication information indicates the port information corresponding to each of the N antenna subarrays.

[0016] Based on the above possible implementation methods, the device that receives the first indication information can obtain the port to be measured, such as the port corresponding to / associated with N antenna subarrays.

[0017] In one possible implementation, the method further includes: sending second indication information, wherein the second indication information is used to indicate M antenna subarrays.

[0018] Based on the above possible implementation methods, the device that receives the second indication information can determine the port to be measured, such as the port corresponding to / associated with the M antenna subarrays.

[0019] In one possible implementation, the second indication information is used to indicate the M antenna subarrays, including: the second indication information is used to indicate the port information corresponding to the M antenna subarrays. For example, the second indication information indicates the port information corresponding to each of the M antenna subarrays.

[0020] Based on the above possible implementation methods, the device that receives the second indication information can obtain the port to be measured, such as the port corresponding to / associated with the M antenna subarrays.

[0021] In one possible implementation, the method further includes receiving third indication information, which is used to indicate at least one of N antenna subarrays or M antenna subarrays.

[0022] Based on the above possible implementation methods, the first communication device can determine to use N antenna subarrays to transmit the reference signal, and / or use M antenna subarrays to transmit the reference signal.

[0023] In one possible implementation, the third indication information is used to indicate N antenna subarrays, including: the third indication information is used to indicate the port information corresponding to the N antenna subarrays; the third indication information is used to indicate M antenna subarrays, including: the third indication information is used to indicate the port information corresponding to the M antenna subarrays.

[0024] Based on the above possible implementation methods, N antenna subarrays can be indicated by the port information corresponding to N antenna subarrays, and M antenna subarrays can be indicated by the port information corresponding to N antenna subarrays.

[0025] In one possible implementation, the M antenna subarrays are different from the N antenna subarrays, including at least one of the following: the distribution of the M antenna subarrays on the antenna array of the first communication device is different from the distribution of the N antenna subarrays on the antenna array of the first communication device; or, M and N are different.

[0026] Based on the above possible implementation methods, M antenna subarrays and N antenna subarrays can be designed.

[0027] In one possible implementation, N antenna subarrays are used to transmit a first reference signal on N time-domain resources, including: transmitting P first reference signals on the N time-domain resources, wherein the first reference signals on different time-domain resources are different, and the first reference signals on different time-domain resources are transmitted through different antenna subarrays of the N antenna subarrays, where P is an integer greater than or equal to N; and M antenna subarrays are used to transmit a second reference signal on M time-domain resources, including: transmitting Q second reference signals on the M time-domain resources, wherein the second reference signals on different time-domain resources are different, and the second reference signals on different time-domain resources are transmitted through different antenna subarrays of the M antenna subarrays, where Q is an integer greater than or equal to M.

[0028] Based on the above possible implementation methods, the first communication device can transmit P first reference signals and Q second reference signals in the above manner to improve sensing performance.

[0029] In one possible implementation, the combination of N antenna subarrays includes all the antenna elements in the antenna array of the first communication device; the combination of M antenna subarrays includes all the antenna elements in the antenna array of the first communication device.

[0030] Based on the above possible implementation methods, the device that receives the first reference signal and the second reference signal can measure all ports.

[0031] In one possible implementation, the first reference signal is used for sensing; the second reference signal is used for sensing.

[0032] Based on the above possible implementation methods, since the first reference signal / second reference signal is usually used for communication measurement, the resource overhead of the reference signal can be reduced when the first reference signal / second reference signal is also used for sensing.

[0033] In one possible implementation, the first reference signal and the second reference signal are channel state information reference signals (CSI-RS).

[0034] Secondly, a communication method is provided, which can be applied to a second communication device. In one scenario, the second communication device is a terminal-side device, such as a terminal or a communication / processing module within a terminal, or a circuit or chip within a terminal responsible for communication functions (such as a modem chip, also known as a baseband chip, or a SoC chip or SIP chip containing a modem core), or a circuit or chip within a terminal responsible for processing functions (such as a GPU, AI processor, or ASIC). In another scenario, the second communication device is a network-side device, such as an access network node, a module within an access network node (such as a processor, circuit, chip, or chip system), or a logical node, logical module, or software capable of implementing all or part of the functions of an access network node.

[0035] The method includes: receiving a first reference signal from a first communication device on N time-domain resources, wherein the N time-domain resources are associated with N antenna subarrays respectively, the first reference signal is transmitted through the N antenna subarrays, the N antenna subarrays belong to the antenna array of the first communication device, and N is an integer greater than 1; and receiving a second reference signal from the first communication device on M time-domain resources, wherein the M time-domain resources are associated with M antenna subarrays respectively, the second reference signal is transmitted through the M antenna subarrays, the M antenna subarrays belong to the antenna array of the first communication device, M is an integer greater than 1, and the M antenna subarrays are different from the N antenna subarrays.

[0036] Based on the method provided in the second aspect above, the first communication device can transmit a first reference signal or a second reference signal through one antenna subarray on each time-domain resource, thereby isolating the antenna subarray for transmitting the signal from the antenna subarray for receiving the signal, reducing interference between the transmitted signal and the received signal, and improving sensing performance. Furthermore, since the antenna subarray for transmitting the first reference signal is different from the antenna subarray for transmitting the second reference signal, it can achieve the measurement of sensing angles in different dimensions, further enhancing sensing performance.

[0037] In one possible implementation, the method further includes: transmitting channel state information, the channel state information being determined based on at least one of a first reference signal or a second reference signal.

[0038] Based on the above possible implementation methods, the second communication device is a terminal-side device, which enables the device that receives the channel state information to schedule resources for the second communication device.

[0039] In one possible implementation, the method further includes: receiving first indication information, wherein the first indication information is used to indicate N antenna subarrays.

[0040] Based on the above possible implementation methods, the port to be measured can be determined, such as the port corresponding to / associated with N antenna subarrays.

[0041] In one possible implementation, the first indication information is used to indicate N antenna subarrays, including: the first indication information is used to indicate the port information corresponding to the N antenna subarrays.

[0042] Based on the above possible implementation methods, the port to be measured can be obtained, such as the port corresponding to / associated with N antenna subarrays.

[0043] In one possible implementation, the method further includes: receiving second indication information, wherein the second indication information is used to indicate M antenna subarrays.

[0044] Based on the above possible implementation methods, the port to be measured can be determined, such as the port corresponding to / associated with M antenna subarrays.

[0045] In one possible implementation, the second indication information is used to indicate the M antenna subarrays, including: the second indication information is used to indicate the port information corresponding to the M antenna subarrays.

[0046] Based on the above possible implementation methods, the port to be measured can be obtained, such as the port corresponding to / associated with M antenna subarrays.

[0047] In one possible implementation, the M antenna subarrays are different from the N antenna subarrays, including at least one of the following: the distribution of the M antenna subarrays on the antenna array of the first communication device is different from the distribution of the N antenna subarrays on the antenna array of the first communication device; or, M and N are different.

[0048] Based on the above possible implementation methods, M antenna subarrays and N antenna subarrays can be designed.

[0049] In one possible implementation, the first reference signals on different time-domain resources among the N time-domain resources are different, and the second reference signals on different time-domain resources among the M time-domain resources are different; the N time-domain resources are respectively associated with N antenna subarrays, and the first reference signals are transmitted through the N antenna subarrays, including: the first reference signals on different time-domain resources among the N time-domain resources are transmitted through different antenna subarrays among the N antenna subarrays; the M time-domain resources are respectively associated with M antenna subarrays, and the second reference signals are transmitted through the M antenna subarrays, including: the second reference signals on different time-domain resources among the M time-domain resources are transmitted through different antenna subarrays among the M antenna subarrays.

[0050] Based on the above possible implementation methods, the first communication device can transmit the first reference signal and the second reference signal in the above manner to improve sensing performance.

[0051] In one possible implementation, the combination of N antenna subarrays includes all the antenna elements in the antenna array of the first communication device; the combination of M antenna subarrays includes all the antenna elements in the antenna array of the first communication device.

[0052] Based on the above possible implementation methods, the second communication device can measure all ports.

[0053] In one possible implementation, the first reference signal is used for sensing; the second reference signal is used for sensing.

[0054] Based on the above possible implementation methods, since the first reference signal / second reference signal is usually used for communication measurement, the resource overhead of the reference signal can be reduced when the first reference signal / second reference signal is also used for sensing.

[0055] In one possible implementation, the first reference signal and the second reference signal are CSI-RS.

[0056] Thirdly, a communication device is provided for implementing the method provided in the first aspect. This communication device can be the first communication device described in the first aspect. The communication device includes modules, units, or means corresponding to the method described above. These modules, units, or means can be implemented in hardware, software, or by hardware executing corresponding software. The hardware or software includes one or more modules or units corresponding to the functions described above.

[0057] In one possible implementation, the communication device may include a processing module and a communication module. The processing module can be used to implement the processing functions described in the first aspect and any possible implementation thereof. The processing module may be, for example, a processor. The communication module may also be referred to as an interface unit, used to implement the sending and / or receiving functions described in the first aspect and any possible implementation thereof. The communication module may include interface circuitry, a transceiver, a transceiver unit, or a communication interface.

[0058] In one possible implementation, the processing module is configured to control the communication module to transmit a first reference signal on N time-domain resources using N antenna subarrays, where the N antenna subarrays belong to the antenna array of the first communication device and N is an integer greater than 1; the processing module is further configured to control the communication module to transmit a second reference signal on M time-domain resources using M antenna subarrays, where the M antenna subarrays belong to the antenna array of the first communication device and M is an integer greater than 1, and the M antenna subarrays are different from the N antenna subarrays.

[0059] In one possible implementation, the processing module is further configured to control the communication module to receive channel state information, which is determined based on at least one of the first reference signal or the second reference signal.

[0060] In one possible implementation, the processing module is further configured to control the communication module to send first indication information, which is used to indicate the N antenna subarrays.

[0061] In one possible implementation, the first indication information is used to indicate the N antenna subarrays, including: the first indication information is used to indicate the port information corresponding to the N antenna subarrays.

[0062] In one possible implementation, the processing module is further configured to control the communication module to send a second indication message, which is used to indicate the M antenna subarrays.

[0063] In one possible implementation, the second indication information is used to indicate the M antenna subarrays, including: the second indication information is used to indicate the port information corresponding to the M antenna subarrays.

[0064] In one possible implementation, the processing module is further configured to control the communication module to receive third indication information, which is used to indicate at least one of the N antenna subarrays or the M antenna subarrays.

[0065] In one possible implementation, the third indication information is used to indicate the N antenna subarrays, including: the third indication information is used to indicate the port information corresponding to the N antenna subarrays; the third indication information is used to indicate the M antenna subarrays, including: the third indication information is used to indicate the port information corresponding to the M antenna subarrays.

[0066] In one possible implementation, the M antenna subarrays are different from the N antenna subarrays, including at least one of the following: the distribution of the M antenna subarrays on the antenna array of the first communication device is different from the distribution of the N antenna subarrays on the antenna array of the first communication device; or, M and N are different.

[0067] In one possible implementation, the processing module is specifically configured to control the communication module to transmit P first reference signals on the N time-domain resources, wherein the first reference signals on different time-domain resources are different, and the first reference signals on different time-domain resources are transmitted through different antenna subarrays of the N antenna subarrays, where P is an integer greater than or equal to N; the processing module is also specifically configured to control the communication module to transmit Q second reference signals on the M time-domain resources, wherein the second reference signals on different time-domain resources are different, and the second reference signals on different time-domain resources are transmitted through different antenna subarrays of the M antenna subarrays, where Q is an integer greater than or equal to M.

[0068] In one possible implementation, the combination of the N antenna subarrays includes all the antenna elements in the antenna array of the first communication device; the combination of the M antenna subarrays includes all the antenna elements in the antenna array of the first communication device.

[0069] In one possible implementation, the first reference signal is used for sensing and communication measurements; the second reference signal is used for sensing and communication measurements.

[0070] In one possible implementation, the first reference signal and the second reference signal are CSI-RS.

[0071] Fourthly, a communication device is provided for implementing the method provided in the second aspect. This communication device can be the second communication device described in the second aspect. The communication device includes modules, units, or means that implement the method described above. These modules, units, or means can be implemented in hardware, software, or by hardware executing corresponding software. The hardware or software includes one or more modules or units corresponding to the functions described above.

[0072] In one possible implementation, the communication device may include a processing module and a communication module. The processing module can be used to implement the processing functions in the second aspect described above and any possible implementation thereof. The processing module may be, for example, a processor. The communication module may also be referred to as an interface unit, used to implement the sending and / or receiving functions in the second aspect described above and any possible implementation thereof. The communication module may include interface circuitry, a transceiver, a transceiver unit, or a communication interface.

[0073] In one possible implementation, the processing module is configured to control the communication module to receive a first reference signal from the first communication device on N time-domain resources, each of which is associated with N antenna subarrays. The first reference signal is transmitted through the N antenna subarrays, which belong to the antenna array of the first communication device, where N is an integer greater than 1. The processing module is further configured to control the communication module to receive a second reference signal from the first communication device on M time-domain resources, each of which is associated with M antenna subarrays. The second reference signal is transmitted through the M antenna subarrays, which belong to the antenna array of the first communication device, where M is an integer greater than 1, and the M antenna subarrays are different from the N antenna subarrays.

[0074] In one possible implementation, the processing module is further configured to control the communication module to send channel state information, which is determined based on at least one of the first reference signal or the second reference signal.

[0075] In one possible implementation, the processing module is further configured to control the communication module to receive first indication information, which is used to indicate the N antenna subarrays.

[0076] In one possible implementation, the first indication information is used to indicate the N antenna subarrays, including: the first indication information is used to indicate the port information corresponding to the N antenna subarrays.

[0077] In one possible implementation, the processing module is further configured to control the communication module to receive second indication information, which is used to indicate the M antenna subarrays.

[0078] In one possible implementation, the second indication information is used to indicate the M antenna subarrays, including: the second indication information is used to indicate the port information corresponding to the M antenna subarrays.

[0079] In one possible implementation, the M antenna subarrays are different from the N antenna subarrays, including at least one of the following: the distribution of the M antenna subarrays on the antenna array of the first communication device is different from the distribution of the N antenna subarrays on the antenna array of the first communication device; or, M and N are different.

[0080] In one possible implementation, the first reference signals on different time-domain resources among the N time-domain resources are different, and the second reference signals on different time-domain resources among the M time-domain resources are different; the N time-domain resources are respectively associated with N antenna subarrays, and the first reference signal is transmitted through the N antenna subarrays, including: the first reference signal on different time-domain resources among the N time-domain resources is transmitted through different antenna subarrays among the N antenna subarrays; the M time-domain resources are respectively associated with M antenna subarrays, and the second reference signal is transmitted through the M antenna subarrays, including: the second reference signal on different time-domain resources among the M time-domain resources is transmitted through different antenna subarrays among the M antenna subarrays.

[0081] In one possible implementation, the combination of the N antenna subarrays includes all the antenna elements in the antenna array of the first communication device; the combination of the M antenna subarrays includes all the antenna elements in the antenna array of the first communication device.

[0082] In one possible implementation, the first reference signal is used for sensing and communication measurements; the second reference signal is used for sensing and communication measurements.

[0083] In one possible implementation, the first reference signal and the second reference signal are CSI-RS.

[0084] Fifthly, a communication device is provided, comprising: a processor; the processor being configured to cause the communication device to perform the method described in any of the preceding aspects by executing a computer program (or computer-executable instructions) stored in a memory, and / or by means of logic circuitry. The communication device may be a first communication device as described in the first aspect; or the communication device may be a second communication device as described in the second aspect.

[0085] In one possible implementation, the number of the aforementioned processors can be one or more.

[0086] In one possible implementation, the communication device also includes a memory. The processor and memory are integrated together; alternatively, the memory is independent of the processor.

[0087] In one possible implementation, the communication device further includes a communication interface for communicating with other devices, such as transmitting or receiving data and / or signals. Exemplarily, the communication interface may be a transceiver, circuit, bus, module, or other type of communication interface.

[0088] In one possible implementation, the processor and / or memory also include an AI module for implementing AI-related functions. The AI ​​module can implement AI functions through software, hardware, or a combination of both. For example, the AI ​​module may include a radio access network (RAN) intelligent controller (RIC) module. The AI ​​module could be a near real-time RIC or a non-real-time RIC.

[0089] In one possible implementation, the communication device is a chip or a chip system. Optionally, when the communication device is a chip system, it can be composed of chips or may include chips and other discrete components.

[0090] A sixth aspect provides a communication device, comprising: a processor and an interface circuit; the interface circuit is configured to receive a computer program or instructions and transmit them to the processor; the processor is configured to execute the computer program or instructions to cause the communication device to perform the method described in any of the preceding aspects. The communication device may be a first communication device as described in the first aspect; or, the communication device may be a second communication device as described in the second aspect.

[0091] In one possible implementation, the number of the aforementioned processors can be one or more.

[0092] In one possible implementation, the processor also includes an AI module for implementing AI-related functions. The AI ​​module can implement AI functions through software, hardware, or a combination of both. For example, the AI ​​module may include a RIC module. The AI ​​module could be a near real-time RIC or a non-real-time RIC.

[0093] In one possible implementation, the communication device is a chip or a chip system. Optionally, when the communication device is a chip system, it can be composed of chips or may include chips and other discrete components.

[0094] In a seventh aspect, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, which stores instructions that, when executed on a computer, cause the computer to perform the methods described in any of the preceding aspects.

[0095] Eighthly, a computer program product containing instructions is provided, which, when run on a computer, enables the computer to perform the methods described in any of the preceding aspects.

[0096] Ninth aspect, a communication system is provided, the communication system comprising one or more of the following: a first communication device for performing the method described in the first aspect, or a second communication device for performing the method described in the second aspect.

[0097] The technical effects of any possible implementation of aspects three through nine can be found in the technical effects of any one of aspects one through two or different possible implementations of any one of aspects, and will not be repeated here.

[0098] Understandably, provided that the solutions do not contradict each other, the solutions in the above aspects can be combined. Attached Figure Description

[0099] Figure 1A is a schematic diagram of the time and frequency resources provided in this application;

[0100] Figure 1B is a schematic diagram of the perception scenario provided in this application;

[0101] Figure 1C is a schematic diagram of the perception scenario provided in this application (II).

[0102] Figure 1D is a schematic diagram of the perception scene provided in this application;

[0103] Figure 1E is a schematic diagram of the CSI-RS multiplexing method provided in this application;

[0104] Figure 1F is a schematic diagram of the CSI-RS port mapping provided in this application;

[0105] Figure 1G is a schematic diagram of the CSI-RS port mapping provided in this application (II).

[0106] Figure 1H is a schematic diagram of the CSI-RS port mapping provided in this application;

[0107] Figure 2A is a schematic diagram of the communication system architecture provided in this application;

[0108] Figure 2B is a schematic diagram of the connection relationship between the central unit (CU), distributed unit (DU), and radio unit (RU) provided in this application.

[0109] Figure 2C is a schematic diagram of the architecture of the baseband device provided in this application;

[0110] Figure 3 is a flowchart illustrating the communication method provided in this application.

[0111] Figure 4A is a schematic diagram of the antenna subarray provided in this application;

[0112] Figure 4B is a schematic diagram of the antenna subarray provided in this application (II).

[0113] Figure 4C is a schematic diagram of the antenna subarray provided in this application.

[0114] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the time-domain resources occupied by the first reference signal and the second reference signal provided in this application;

[0115] Figure 6 is a flowchart of the communication method provided in this application (II).

[0116] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the reference signal resource mapping provided in this application;

[0117] Figure 8 is a block diagram of the communication device provided in this application;

[0118] Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the hardware structure of the communication device provided in this application. Detailed Implementation

[0119] Before introducing the technical solution of this application, the relevant technical terms involved in this application are explained. It is understood that these explanations are intended to make this application easier to understand and should not be regarded as a limitation on the scope of protection claimed in this application.

[0120] 1. Subcarrier

[0121] In an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) system, frequency domain resources are divided into several sub-frequency domain resources, each of which can be called a subcarrier. A subcarrier can be understood as the smallest granularity of frequency domain resources. A subcarrier can also be called a resource element (RE).

[0122] 2. Sub-carrier spacing (SCS)

[0123] Subcarrier spacing refers to the distance between the center or peak positions of two adjacent subcarriers in the frequency domain in an OFDM system. For example, the subcarrier spacing in a Long Term Evolution (LTE) system is 15 kHz, while the subcarrier spacing in a New Radio (NR) system can be 15 kHz, 30 kHz, 60 kHz, or 120 kHz, etc.

[0124] 3. Resource block (RB)

[0125] N consecutive subcarriers in the frequency domain can be called one RB. For example, one RB in an LTE system includes 12 subcarriers, and one RB in an NR system also includes 12 subcarriers. However, as communication systems evolve, the number of subcarriers included in one RB can also be other values, without restriction.

[0126] 4. Symbols

[0127] In an OFDM system, the smallest resource granularity in the time domain can be a single time-domain symbol, or simply a symbol. This symbol can be, for example, an OFDM symbol, or a Discrete Fourier Transform-Spread-OFDM (DFT-s-OFDM) symbol, etc., without restriction.

[0128] 5. Time slot

[0129] A time slot consists of multiple consecutive symbols in the time domain. The time slot length can vary depending on the subcarrier spacing. For example, in an NR system, a time slot consists of 14 symbols, with a time slot length of 1 millisecond (ms) corresponding to a 15kHz subcarrier spacing and 0.5ms corresponding to a 30kHz subcarrier spacing.

[0130] For example, taking one RB as an example, which includes 12 subcarriers and one time slot as an example, the pattern of RB and time slot can be as shown in Figure 1A. One RB includes subcarrier 0 to subcarrier 11, and one time slot includes symbol 0 to symbol 13.

[0131] In an OFDM system, multiple consecutive time slots in the time domain can be called subframes, and multiple consecutive subframes in the time domain can be called frames (or system frames). For example, the length of a subframe is 1ms, and the length of a frame is 10ms.

[0132] 6. Port

[0133] A port, also known as an antenna port, is a logical concept referring to a logical port used for transmission. Ports have a mapping relationship with physical antennas; for example, a port can be a single physical antenna or a weighted combination of multiple physical antennas. Typically, the mapping relationship between a port and physical antennas is fixed and does not change over time. Therefore, signals transmitted through the same antenna port experience the same or correlated channel conditions.

[0134] 7. ISAC

[0135] In the evolution of fifth-generation (5G) mobile communication systems towards 5G-advanced (5G-A) technology, ISAC technology is considered one of the key technologies for expanding the service capabilities of mobile communication networks. The core idea of ​​this technology is to add sensing capabilities to the mobile communication network, building the ability to detect, track, and image targets. This allows communication and sensing capabilities to be integrated into a single network, achieving harmonious coexistence and even mutual benefit.

[0136] The technical principles of sensing differ somewhat from those of communication. In communication, the transmitting end modulates information onto radio waves and sends it to the receiving end, which then demodulates the signal to obtain the information. In sensing, however, the transmitting end sends radio waves in a specific direction. When these radio waves strike the surface of a target, they are reflected, and the receiving end receives and processes these reflected waves to obtain sensing information about the target, such as its location, speed, or type.

[0137] Sensing can generally be categorized into single-station sensing and dual-station sensing modes. Single-station sensing refers to a mode where the signal transmitter and receiver are the same device; in other words, the sensing device both transmits and receives the signal reflected from the target surface. Therefore, single-station sensing can also be called a self-transmitting and self-receiving mode.

[0138] For example, in sensing scenario 1 shown in Figure 1B, the access network node can send a signal and receive the signal reflected from the target surface. In sensing scenario 2 shown in Figure 1B, the terminal can send a signal and receive the signal reflected from the target surface.

[0139] Dual-station sensing mode refers to a mode where the signal transmitter and receiver are different devices. In other words, after one sensing device sends a sensing signal, the signal reflected from the target surface is received by another sensing device. Therefore, dual-station sensing mode can also be called self-transmitting and other-receiving mode, or A-transmitting and B-receiving mode.

[0140] For example, in sensing scenario 3 shown in Figure 1C, access network node A can transmit a signal, the reflection of which on the target surface is received by access network node B. In sensing scenario 4 shown in Figure 1C, terminal A can transmit a signal, the reflection of which on the target surface is received by terminal B. As another example, in sensing scenario 5 shown in Figure 1D, access network nodes can transmit signals, the reflection of which on the target surface is received by the terminal. In sensing scenario 6 shown in Figure 1D, the terminal can transmit a signal, the reflection of which on the target surface is received by the access network node.

[0141] 8. Accuracy

[0142] Accuracy can be used to describe the error between the perceived result and the actual result. Taking distance perception as an example, if the distance between the target and the sensing device is obtained through perception as 6m, while the actual distance between the target and the sensing device is 5m, then the perception error is 1m, also known as an accuracy of 1m. In a perception scenario, accuracy can also be called perception precision.

[0143] 9. Reference Signal

[0144] A reference signal is a known signal provided by the transmitter to the receiver. Reference signals can be used for communication (such as channel estimation or channel sounding) and / or for sensing. Depending on the transmission direction, reference signals can be classified as uplink reference signals and downlink reference signals.

[0145] Uplink reference signals refer to signals sent by the terminal to the access network node. These include demodulation reference signals (DMRS) and sounding reference signals (SRS). Uplink reference signals can be used for uplink channel estimation (e.g., for coherent demodulation and detection at the access network node or for calculating precoding), uplink channel quality measurement, or sensing. For example, SRS can be used for uplink channel quality estimation and channel selection, calculating the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) of the uplink channel, and obtaining uplink channel coefficients. In time-division duplex (TDD) scenarios, uplink and downlink channels are reciprocal, so SRS can also be used to obtain downlink channel coefficients. Furthermore, SRS can also be used for sensing. For example, in sensing scenario 6 shown in Figure 1D, the terminal can send SRS, and the signal reflected from the target surface by the SRS is received by the access network node. In sensing scenarios, SRS can also be called sensing signals.

[0146] Downlink reference signals (MRS) refer to signals sent from access network nodes to terminals. Examples include DMRS or CSI-RS. MRS can be used for downlink channel estimation, downlink channel measurement, or sensing. For example, with CSI-RS, a terminal can determine current channel state information, such as channel fading or interference levels, based on the received CSI-RS. Alternatively, CSI-RS can be used for interference measurement, or the terminal can obtain analog beamforming weights by scanning the CSI-RS. Furthermore, CSI-RS can also be used for sensing. For instance, in sensing scenario 5 shown in Figure 1D, access network nodes can send CSI-RS, and the signal reflected from the target surface by the CSI-RS is received by the terminal. In sensing scenarios, CSI-RS can also be referred to as sensing signals.

[0147] The reference signal in this application supports multiple ports; in other words, the transmitter can send the reference signal through multiple ports. A multi-port reference signal can be viewed as multiple mutually orthogonal signals multiplexed on a set of repeaters (REs). This multiplexing can refer to code division multiplexing (CDM), frequency division multiplexing (FDM), or time division multiplexing (TDM).

[0148] CDM can refer to reference signals from different ports using the same set of REs, which are distinguished by orthogonal codewords. FDM can refer to reference signals from different ports using different subcarriers within the same time domain resource, such as different subcarriers within a single symbol. TDM can refer to reference signals from different ports using different time domain resources, such as different symbols within a single time slot.

[0149] In this application, CDM, FDM, and TDM can be used in combination to support reference signal mapping for multiple ports. The following section uses CSI-RS as an example to illustrate various multiplexing methods.

[0150] For example, Figure 1E illustrates the resource mapping for CSI-RS without multiplexing (i.e., No CDM), FD-CDM2, CDM4 (FD2, TD2), and CDM8 (FD2, TD4). Different patterns on the REs represent different CSI-RS ports. In the case of No CDM, CSI-RS occupies one RE, and this one RE corresponds to one CSI-RS port. FD-CDM2 indicates that CSI-RS occupies two consecutive REs in the frequency domain, and through code division multiplexing, two superimposed orthogonal cover codes (OCCs) correspond to two CSI-RS ports. CDM4 (FD2-TD2) indicates that CSI-RS occupies two consecutive REs in the frequency domain and two consecutive REs in the time domain, for a total of four REs, and through code division multiplexing, four OCCs correspond to four CSI-RS ports. CDM8(FD2,TD4) indicates that CSI-RS occupies 2 consecutive REs in the frequency domain and 4 consecutive REs in the time domain, for a total of 8 REs. Through code division multiplexing, 8 OCCs correspond to 8 CSI-RS ports.

[0151] It should be understood that Figure 1E is only an example of CSI-RS port mapping. In specific applications, CSI-RS port mapping can also take other forms. For example, CSI-RS can be mapped to the 8 ports shown in Figure 1F or Figure 1G, or CSI-RS can be mapped to the 16 ports shown in Figure 1H.

[0152] In scenarios where communication systems provide sensing services to users, for single-site sensing mode, the sensing device (such as an access network node or terminal) must both transmit a reference signal and receive the echo signal of the reference signal. The transmission power of the reference signal is usually relatively high, which can lead to significant energy leakage and interference with the echo signal, thereby affecting sensing performance.

[0153] To address the aforementioned problems, this application provides a communication method in which a first communication device can use N antenna subarrays to transmit a first reference signal on N time-domain resources, and use M antenna subarrays to transmit a second reference signal on M time-domain resources. The N and M antenna subarrays both belong to the antenna array of the first communication device, the M antenna subframes are different from the N antenna subarrays, and M and N are integers greater than 1. Correspondingly, a second communication device can receive the first reference signal on N time-domain resources and receive the second reference signal on M time-domain resources.

[0154] In the above method, the first communication device can transmit a first reference signal or a second reference signal through one antenna subarray on each time-domain resource, thereby isolating the antenna subarray for transmitting the signal from the antenna subarray for receiving the signal, reducing interference between the transmitted signal and the received signal, and improving sensing performance. Furthermore, the antenna subarray for transmitting the first reference signal is different from the antenna subarray for transmitting the second reference signal, enabling the measurement of sensing angles in different dimensions, further enhancing sensing performance.

[0155] The first communication device described above can be an access network node, and the second communication device can be a terminal, or the first communication device can be a terminal and the second communication device can be an access network node; there are no limitations. For ease of description, this application uses the example of the first communication device being an access network node and the second communication device being a terminal. The case where the first communication device is a terminal and the second communication device is an access network node can be referred to the description in the following embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0156] The embodiments of this application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0157] The method provided in this application can be used in various communication systems. For example, the communication system can be a Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) system, an LTE system, a 5G communication system, a Wireless Fidelity (WiFi) system, a 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) related communication system, a communication system evolved after 5G, or a system integrating multiple systems, etc., without limitation. 5G can also be referred to as NR. The method provided in this application is described below using the communication system 10 shown in Figure 2A as an example. Figure 2A is only a schematic diagram and does not constitute a limitation on the applicable scenarios of the technical solution provided in this application.

[0158] Figure 2A shows a schematic diagram of the architecture of the communication system 10 provided in this application. In Figure 2A, the communication system 10 includes a RAN 100 and a core network (CN) 200. The RAN 100 includes at least one access network node (110a and 110b in Figure 2A, collectively referred to as 110) and at least one terminal (120a-120j in Figure 2A, collectively referred to as 120). The RAN 100 may also include other access network nodes, such as wireless relay devices and / or wireless backhaul devices (not shown in Figure 2A). The terminal 120 is connected to the access network node 110 wirelessly, for example, through an air interface. The access network node 110 is connected to the core network 200 wirelessly or via a wired connection. The core network equipment in the core network 200 and the access network node 110 in the RAN 100 can be different physical devices, or they can be the same physical device integrating core network logical functions and wireless access network logical functions.

[0159] RAN 100 can be a 3GPP-related cellular system, such as a 4G, 5G mobile communication system, or a future-oriented evolution system. RAN 100 can also be an open access network (open RAN, O-RAN, or ORAN), a cloud radio access network (CRAN), or a WiFi system. RAN 100 can also be a communication system that integrates two or more of the above systems.

[0160] Access network node 110, sometimes also referred to as access network equipment, RAN entity, RAN node, or access node, constitutes part of the communication system and is used to help terminals achieve wireless access. Multiple access network nodes 110 in the communication system 10 can be of the same type or different types.

[0161] In one possible scenario, the access network node can be a base station, an evolved NodeB (eNodeB), an access point (AP), a transmission reception point (TRP), a base station in a future mobile communication system, or an access node in a WiFi system. The access network node can be a macro base station (as shown in Figure 2A, 110a), a micro base station or indoor station (as shown in Figure 2A, 110b), a relay node or donor node, or a radio controller in a CRAN scenario. Optionally, the access network node can also be a server, wearable device, vehicle, or in-vehicle equipment. For example, the access network equipment in vehicle-to-everything (V2X) technology can be a roadside unit (RSU). In some scenarios, the roles of access network node 110 and terminal 120 are relative. For example, a helicopter or drone, typically configured as a terminal, can also be configured as a mobile base station, and equipment accessing the RAN via the helicopter or drone is configured as a terminal.

[0162] In another possible scenario, multiple access network nodes collaborate to assist the terminal in achieving wireless access, with each access network node performing some of the functions of the base station. Specifically, the access network nodes can be centralized units (CU), distributed units (DU), or radio units (RU), etc.

[0163] In this application, the CU can implement the functions of the radio resource control (RRC) layer and the packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) layer in the 3GPP standard. The CU can also implement the functions of the service data adaptation protocol (SDAP) layer. The DU can implement the functions of the radio link control (RLC) layer and the medium access control (MAC) layer in the 3GPP standard. The DU can also implement some or all of the physical layer functions, such as forward error correction (FEC) encoding / decoding, scrambling / descrambling, or modulation / demodulation. The RU can be used to implement radio frequency signal transmission and reception functions. The CU and DU can be set up separately, or they can be included in the same network element, such as in the baseband unit (BBU). It is understood that the CU can be classified as a network device in the access network or a network device in the core network; no limitation is made here. Furthermore, the CU can be further divided into the CU-control plane (CP) and the CU-user plane (UP). The CU-CP implements the functions of the RRC layer and the control plane functions of the PDCP layer. The CU-UP implements the functions of the SDAP layer and the user plane functions of the PDCP layer.

[0164] In this application, the RU can be included in a radio frequency (RF) device or RF unit, such as a remote radio unit (RRU), an active antenna unit (AAU), or a remote radio head (RRH). The RU can implement some physical layer functions and RF functions in the 3GPP standard. The physical layer functions implemented by the RU include one or more of the following: fast Fourier transform (FFT), inverse fast Fourier transform (IFFT), digital beamforming, or extraction and filtering of the physical random access channel (PRACH).

[0165] In different systems, CU (or CU-CP and CU-UP), DU, or RU may have different names, but those skilled in the art will understand their meaning. For example, in an ORAN system, CU can also be called O-CU (open CU), DU can also be called O-DU, CU-CP can also be called O-CU-CP, CU-UP can also be called O-CU-UP, and RU can also be called O-RU. For ease of description, this application uses CU, CU-CP, CU-UP, DU, and RU as examples. Any of the units among CU (or CU-CP, CU-UP), DU, and RU in this application can be implemented through software modules, hardware modules, or a combination of software and hardware modules.

[0166] For example, the connection relationship between CU, DU, and RU can be shown in Figure 2B. In Figure 2B, CU can connect to the core network through the backhaul interface and to DU through the midhaul interface. DU can connect to RU through the fronthaul interface. In addition to connecting to DU, RU can also connect to an antenna.

[0167] The CU (or DU) may include at least one processor and at least one hardware accelerator. For example, the at least one processor may include an x86 processor or an ARM processor. The at least one processor is a multi-core processor. The at least one hardware accelerator may include a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) based hardware accelerator, a GPU-based hardware accelerator, or other accelerators.

[0168] Parts of the DU protocol stack can be implemented in software running on at least one processor. Computationally intensive layer 1 (L1) and layer 2 (L2) functions can be offloaded to at least one hardware accelerator; or all L1 functions can be offloaded to at least one hardware accelerator, while other protocol stack content is implemented in software running on at least one processor; or the entire protocol stack can be implemented in software running on at least one processor. At least one hardware accelerator supports interconnection with at least one processor; for example, at least one hardware accelerator has a multi-channel PCIe interface pointing to at least one processor and external connections via a GbE interface.

[0169] The RU may include a RAN processing unit (OPU), a digital processing unit (DPU) connected to the OPU, and a radio frequency (RF) processing unit (RPU) connected to the DPU.

[0170] The OPU can receive enhanced common public radio interface (eCPRI) frames from the RAN fronthaul and perform fronthaul interface, L1 (such as coding, scrambling, modulation, layer mapping, precoding), synchronization, beamforming, and resource unit mapping. The OPU can be a central processing unit (CPU), FPGA, or ASIC, etc.

[0171] A DPU can perform synchronization, digital downconversion (DDC) (such as DDC in the uplink), digital upconversion (DUC) (such as DUC in the downlink), crest factor reduction (CFR), and digital pre-distortion (DPD) to improve power amplifier efficiency by reducing the peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) / adjacent channel leakage ratio (ACLR) of the RF front end. A DPU can be an FPGA or an ASIC, etc.

[0172] The RPU may include a transceiver module, up / down converters, power amplifiers (PAs), low-noise amplifiers (LNAs), and transmit / receive filters. Analog-to-digital (A / D) or digital-to-analog (D / A) conversions can be performed within the transceiver module. Specifically, these conversions may include RF sampling, frequency conversion using RF, intermediate frequency (IF), and local oscillator (LO) mixing during up-conversion and down-conversion. It should be understood that physical and logical partitions within the RPU do not require specific boundaries.

[0173] Terminal 120 can be a device or module that accesses the aforementioned communication system and has corresponding communication functions. Terminal 120 can be deployed on land, including indoors, outdoors, handheld, or vehicle-mounted; it can also be deployed on water (such as on ships); and it can be deployed in the air (such as on airplanes, balloons, and satellites). A terminal can also be called a terminal device, which can be user equipment (UE), mobile station (MS), mobile terminal (MT), or any device used to provide voice or data connectivity to a user. UE includes handheld devices with wireless communication functions, vehicle-mounted devices (e.g., cars, bicycles, electric vehicles, airplanes, ships, trains, high-speed trains), wearable devices (e.g., smartwatches, smart bracelets, pedometers), or computing devices. For example, a UE can be a mobile phone, tablet computer, laptop computer, PDA, mobile internet device (MID), satellite terminal, or computer with wireless transceiver capabilities. UE can also be a virtual reality (VR) terminal device, an augmented reality (AR) terminal device, a wireless modem, a point-of-sale (POS) machine, customer-premises equipment (CPE), a smart robot, a robotic arm, workshop equipment, smart home devices (e.g., refrigerators, televisions, air conditioners, electricity meters, etc.), a wireless terminal in industrial control, a wireless terminal in autonomous driving, a wireless terminal in telemedicine, a wireless terminal in a smart grid, a wireless terminal in transportation safety, a wireless terminal in intelligent transportation, a wireless terminal in a smart city, a wireless terminal in a smart home, an in-vehicle terminal, an RSU with terminal functionality, or flying equipment (e.g., a smart robot, a hot air balloon, a drone, an airplane), etc. A terminal can also be other devices with terminal functionality; for example, a terminal can be a device that acts as a terminal in device-to-device (D2D) communication.

[0174] By way of example and not limitation, in this application, the terminal can be a wearable device. Wearable devices, also known as wearable smart devices, are a general term for devices that utilize wearable technology to intelligently design and develop everyday wearables, such as glasses, gloves, watches, clothing, and shoes. Wearable devices are portable devices that are worn directly on the body or integrated into a user's clothing or accessories. For example, wearable devices are not merely hardware devices, but also devices that achieve powerful functions through software support, data interaction, and cloud interaction. Broadly speaking, wearable smart devices include devices that are feature-rich, large in size, and can achieve complete or partial functions without relying on a smartphone, such as smartwatches or smart glasses, as well as devices that focus on only one type of application function and need to be used in conjunction with other devices such as smartphones, such as various smart bracelets and smart jewelry for vital sign monitoring.

[0175] In this application, the terminal can be a terminal in an Internet of Things (IoT) system. IoT is an important component of future information technology development, and its main technical feature is connecting objects to networks through communication technologies, thereby realizing an intelligent network of human-machine interconnection and machine-to-machine interconnection. The terminal in this application can be a terminal in machine-type communication (MTC).

[0176] The terminal in this application can be an on-board module, on-board component, on-board chip, on-board unit (OBU), or telematics box (T-BOX) built into a vehicle as one or more components or units. The vehicle can implement the methods of this application through the built-in on-board module, on-board component, on-board chip, on-board unit, or T-BOX. The terminal can also be a complete vehicle device. Therefore, this application can be applied to vehicle networking, such as V2X, long-term evolution vehicle (LTE-V) communication technology, and vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communication.

[0177] One possible design is that terminal 120 includes a baseband device as shown in FIG2C, which may be a baseband chip. In FIG2C, the baseband device includes one or more processors (such as processor 1 to processor n). The processor here may be a microprocessor (e.g., an x86 processor or an ARM processor), a microcontroller, a digital signal processor, an FPGA, a GPU, a programmable logic device (PLD), a state machine, gated logic, discrete hardware circuitry, and other suitable hardware configured to various functions.

[0178] One or more processors can form a processing system. A processing system can be implemented using a bus architecture, typically represented by a bus. The bus can include any number of interconnect buses and bridges, depending on the specific application and overall design constraints of the processing system. The bus communicatively couples various circuits or processors together.

[0179] Optionally, the baseband device may also include one or more of the following: one or more computer-readable media (such as computer-readable media 1 to computer-readable media m), or memory. The processor, computer-readable media, and memory may be connected via a bus interface. Optionally, the bus interface may also link other circuitry, such as timing sources, peripherals, voltage regulators, or power management circuitry.

[0180] Additionally, the processor can manage the bus; for example, the processor can execute software stored on a computer-readable medium. When the processor executes the software, the software causes the processor to perform the methods provided in this application.

[0181] Optionally, the processor, memory, and computer-readable medium may perform one or more of the following functions: encoding, decoding, rate matching, rate dematching, scrambling, descrambling, modulation, demodulation, layer mapping, FFT, IFFT, inverse discrete Fourier transform (IDFT), precoding, RE mapping, channel equalization, RE mapping, digital beamforming (BF), adding a cyclic prefix (CP), removing a CP, etc.

[0182] It is understood that the communication system 10 shown in Figure 2A is for illustrative purposes only and is not intended to limit the technical solutions of this application. Those skilled in the art should understand that in specific implementations, the communication system 10 may also include other devices, and the number of access network nodes and terminals can be determined according to specific needs without limitation. Furthermore, with the evolution of network architecture and the emergence of new service scenarios, the technical solutions provided in this application are equally applicable to similar technical problems.

[0183] Optionally, each network element or device (such as an access network node or terminal) in Figure 2A of this application may also be referred to as a communication device, which may be a general-purpose device or a special-purpose device. This application does not make any specific limitation on this.

[0184] Optionally, the functions of each network element or device (e.g., access network node or terminal) in Figure 2A of this application can be implemented by one device, multiple devices working together, or one or more functional modules within a single device. This application does not impose specific limitations on these functions. It is understood that the aforementioned functions can be network elements in hardware devices, software functions running on dedicated hardware, a combination of hardware and software, or virtualization functions instantiated on a platform (e.g., a cloud platform).

[0185] The method provided in this application will now be described in conjunction with the communication system 10 shown in Figure 2A above.

[0186] It is understood that the access network node in the following embodiments of this application may be the access network node 110 in the communication system 10, and the terminal in the following embodiments of this application may be the terminal 120 in the communication system 10.

[0187] It is understood that in this application, the terminal and / or access network node may perform some or all of the steps in this application. These steps are merely examples, and this application may also perform other steps or variations thereof. Furthermore, the steps may be performed in different orders as presented in this application, and it is not necessary to perform all the steps in this application.

[0188] It is understood that the methods described below in this application are illustrated using terminals and access network nodes as the execution subjects of the interaction, but this application does not limit the execution subjects of the interaction. For example, the method executed by the terminal in this application can also be implemented by the communication / processing module in the terminal or the circuit or chip (such as a modem chip (also known as a baseband chip), or a SoC chip / SIP chip containing a modem core, or a GPU / AI processor / ASIC) in the terminal responsible for communication / processing functions; the method executed by the access network node in this application can also be implemented by modules (such as circuits, chips, or chip systems) in the access network node, or by logical nodes, logical modules, or software that can implement all or part of the functions of the access network node.

[0189] As shown in Figure 3, a communication method provided in this application may include the following steps:

[0190] S301: The access network node uses N antenna subarrays to transmit the first reference signal on N time-domain resources respectively. Correspondingly, the terminal receives the first reference signal from the access network node on N time-domain resources.

[0191] In this application, N time-domain resources are associated with N antenna subarrays, where N is an integer greater than 1. In other words, any one of the N time-domain resources can be associated with one of the N antenna subarrays, or there is a one-to-one correspondence between the N time-domain resources and the N antenna subarrays. The association / correspondence between a time-domain resource and an antenna subarray can be understood as the first reference signal on that time-domain resource being transmitted through the antenna subarray associated with / corresponding to that time-domain resource.

[0192] Any one of the N time-domain resources can include one or more symbols. These symbols may be continuous or discontinuous in the time domain. Two adjacent time-domain resources may be continuous or discontinuous in the time domain. For example, when N equals 3, the first and second time-domain resources may be continuous in the time domain, while the second and third time-domain resources may be discontinuous in the time domain; or, the first and second time-domain resources may be discontinuous in the time domain, and the second and third time-domain resources may also be discontinuous in the time domain.

[0193] Optionally, the N time-domain resources can be configured by the access network nodes or defined in the protocol.

[0194] The aforementioned N antenna subarrays belong to the antenna array of the access network node. Specifically, each of the N antenna subarrays includes a portion of the antenna array, and any two antenna subarrays are either not identical or completely different. Two antenna subarrays not being identical means that they may include the same antenna elements or different antenna elements. Two antenna subarrays being completely different means that they include completely different antenna elements. Furthermore, any two antenna subarrays may include the same or different number of antenna elements.

[0195] For example, taking the antenna array described above as comprising A rows and B columns of antenna elements, where A and B are integers greater than 1, any one of the N antenna subarrays can include either a rows of antenna elements, b columns of antenna elements, or a rows and b columns of antenna elements, where a is a positive integer less than A and b is a positive integer less than B. For instance, if A equals 8 and B equals 16, then any one of the above antenna subarrays can be as shown in Figure 4A, namely antenna subarray 401, antenna subarray 402, or antenna subarray 403 in Figure 4A.

[0196] As can be seen from the above description, different antenna subarrays in the N antenna subarrays correspond to different ports, therefore, different time-domain resources in the N time-domain resources also map to different ports. This application can pre-configure the mapping rules between ports and time-domain resources; for example, the mapping rules can be defined in the protocol. In this way, the access network node can indicate the N time-domain resources to the terminal, enabling the terminal to determine the port / antenna subarray associated with the N time-domain resources.

[0197] In summary, a first reference signal for a time-domain resource can be transmitted through the antenna subarray associated with that time-domain resource. Therefore, the access network node can use the remaining antenna elements in the antenna array to receive signals, such as the echo signal formed by the reflection / scattering of the first reference signal by the surrounding environment. This satisfies the requirement of the access network node to have full-duplex capability (i.e., the ability to simultaneously transmit and receive signals) during sensing. Therefore, the first reference signal can be used for sensing.

[0198] Furthermore, since any two antenna subarrays among the N antenna subarrays are not identical, or are completely different, the terminal can measure the channel quality at different ports. For example, the terminal can receive the direct signal of the first reference signal or the echo signal formed by the reflection / scattering of the first reference signal by the surrounding environment on N time-domain resources, and measure the channel quality at different ports based on the received signals. Therefore, the first reference signal can be used for communication measurements. It should be understood that the terminal can also sense targets based on the received echo signals.

[0199] In summary, the first reference signal can be used for sensing and / or communication measurements. For example, the first reference signal is a downlink reference signal, such as CSI-RS.

[0200] Understandably, when the first reference signal is used for sensing and communication measurements, it means that the first reference signal has the function of sensing while being used for communication measurements. It can be used to sense targets, thus reducing the resource overhead of the reference signal.

[0201] Optionally, N time-domain resources can be located in the same time slot to enable the terminal to obtain channel quality as quickly as possible.

[0202] One possible design is a combination of N antenna subarrays, including all the antenna elements in the aforementioned antenna array, so that the terminal can measure the entire channel.

[0203] One possible implementation is that the N antenna subarrays are obtained by dividing the antenna array of the access network node using a first method. For example, the first method is to divide the antenna array of the access network node horizontally or vertically.

[0204] For example, taking N=2 as an example, if the first method is to divide the antenna array of the access network node horizontally, then the two antenna subarrays are antenna subarray 404 and antenna subarray 405 in Figure 4B. If the first method is to divide the antenna array of the access network node vertically, then the two antenna subarrays are antenna subarray 406 and antenna subarray 407 in Figure 4C.

[0205] It should be understood that Figures 4A to 4C are merely examples of antenna arrays for access network nodes and N antenna subarrays. In specific applications, the antenna array of an access network node may include more or fewer antenna subarrays than those shown in Figures 4A to 4C. Furthermore, the division of antenna subarrays can also take other forms. Taking the left-right division of the antenna array as an example, if N equals 2, then one antenna subarray may include... One antenna array, the other antenna subarray may include One antenna array.

[0206] As can be seen from the antenna subarrays shown in Figure 4B or Figure 4C, the antenna subarray transmitting the first reference signal is isolated from the antenna subarray receiving the signal, which can reduce the interference of the transmitted signal on the received signal and improve the sensing performance.

[0207] Optionally, after S301, the access network node can also transmit the first reference signal through all or part of the N antenna subarrays.

[0208] S302: The access network node uses M antenna subarrays to transmit the second reference signal on M time-domain resources respectively. Correspondingly, the terminal receives the second reference signal from the access network node on M time-domain resources.

[0209] In this application, M time-domain resources are associated with M antenna subarrays, where M is an integer greater than 1. In other words, any one of the M time-domain resources can be associated with one of the M antenna subarrays, or there is a one-to-one correspondence between the M time-domain resources and the M antenna subarrays. The association / correspondence between a time-domain resource and an antenna subarray can be understood as the second reference signal on that time-domain resource being transmitted through the antenna subarray associated with / corresponding to that time-domain resource.

[0210] Any one of the M time-domain resources may include one or more symbols. These symbols may be contiguous or discontinuous in the time domain. Two adjacent time-domain resources may be contiguous or discontinuous in the time domain.

[0211] Optionally, the M time-domain resources can be configured by the access network nodes or defined in the protocol.

[0212] The aforementioned M antenna subarrays belong to the antenna arrays of the access network nodes. Specifically, each of the M antenna subarrays includes a portion of the antenna array surface described above, and any two antenna subarrays among the M antenna subarrays are not identical, or are completely different. For a detailed description of the M antenna subarrays, please refer to the previous description of the N antenna subarrays.

[0213] Understandably, different antenna subarrays within the M antenna subarrays correspond to different ports, therefore, different time-domain resources within the M time-domain resources also map to different ports. This application can pre-configure the port-to-time-domain resource mapping rules, for example, by defining such rules in the protocol. In this way, the access network node can indicate the M time-domain resources to the terminal, enabling the terminal to determine the port / antenna subarray associated with the M time-domain resources.

[0214] Understandably, a second reference signal for a time-domain resource can be transmitted through the antenna subarray associated with that time-domain resource. Therefore, the access network node can use the remaining antenna elements in the antenna array to receive signals, such as the echo signal formed by the reflection / scattering of the second reference signal by the surrounding environment. This satisfies the requirement of the access network node to have full-duplex capability (i.e., the ability to simultaneously transmit and receive signals) during sensing. Therefore, the second reference signal can be used for sensing. Furthermore, the above method can isolate the antenna subarray transmitting the second reference signal from the antenna subarray receiving the signal, thereby reducing interference between the transmitted signal and the received signal and improving sensing performance.

[0215] Furthermore, since any two antenna subarrays among the M antenna subarrays are not identical, or are completely different, the terminal can measure the channel quality at different ports. For example, the terminal can receive the direct signal of the second reference signal, or the echo signal formed by the second reference signal after reflection / scattering from the surrounding environment, on M time-domain resources, and measure the channel quality at different ports based on the received signals. Therefore, the second reference signal can be used for communication measurements. It should be understood that the terminal can also sense targets based on the received echo signals.

[0216] In summary, the second reference signal can be used for sensing and / or communication measurements. For example, the second reference signal is a downlink reference signal, such as CSI-RS.

[0217] Understandably, when the second reference signal is used for sensing and communication measurements, it means that the second reference signal has the function of sensing while being used for communication measurements. It can be used to sense targets, thus reducing the resource overhead of the reference signal.

[0218] Optionally, M time-domain resources can be located in the same time slot to enable the terminal to obtain channel quality as quickly as possible.

[0219] One possible design is a combination of M antenna subarrays comprising all the antenna elements in the aforementioned antenna array, enabling the terminal to measure the entire channel. Furthermore, the M antenna subarrays differ from the N antenna subarrays. For example, M and N are different, and / or the distribution of the M antenna subarrays across the antenna array at the access network node differs from the distribution of the N antenna subarrays across the antenna array at the access network node.

[0220] One possible implementation is that the M antenna subarrays are obtained by dividing the antenna array of the access network node using a second method, which is different from the first method.

[0221] For example, the first method is to divide the antenna array of the access network node horizontally, and the second method is to divide the antenna array of the access network node vertically; or, the first method is to divide the antenna array of the access network node vertically, and the second method is to divide the antenna array of the access network node horizontally. Taking the antenna subarrays shown in Figures 4B and 4C as examples, N antenna subarrays are antenna subarrays 404 and 405 in Figure 4B, and M antenna subarrays are antenna subarrays 406 and 407 in Figure 4C; or, N antenna subarrays are antenna subarrays 406 and 407 in Figure 4C, and M antenna subarrays are antenna subarrays 404 and 405 in Figure 4B.

[0222] Understandably, M antenna subarrays differ from N antenna subarrays in that they can achieve measurement of sensing angles in different dimensions, thereby further improving sensing performance.

[0223] For example, when the antenna array of an access network node is divided vertically, based on the principle of virtualized reception, the horizontal plane dimension of the antenna array can be virtually expanded, thereby improving the measurement accuracy of the sensed horizontal angle. When the antenna array of an access network node is divided horizontally, the vertical plane dimension of the antenna array can be virtually expanded, thereby improving the measurement accuracy of the sensed vertical angle. For an explanation of accuracy, please refer to the description of the technical terms involved in this application above.

[0224] Optionally, after S302, the access network node can also transmit a second reference signal through all or part of the M antenna subarrays.

[0225] Optionally, the N temporal resources and the M temporal resources belong to different sensing frames. For example, the N temporal resources are located in sensing frame 0, and the M temporal resources are located in sensing frames following sensing frame 0 (such as sensing frame 1). A sensing frame includes multiple symbols used for sensing.

[0226] The specific implementation process of S301 and S302 will be described below.

[0227] One possible implementation, for S301, is that the access network node can transmit P first reference signals on N time-domain resources. Correspondingly, the terminal receives P first reference signals from the access network node on N time-domain resources. Here, P is an integer greater than or equal to N.

[0228] One possible design involves different first reference signals on different time-domain resources out of N time-domain resources, and these first reference signals are transmitted through different antenna subarrays out of N antenna subarrays. That is, the access network node transmits the first reference signal through different ports on different time-domain resources. For a description of the ports, please refer to the explanation of the technical terms used in this application above. The "port" in this application can also be replaced with a reference signal port.

[0229] One possible implementation, for S302, is that the access network node can transmit Q second reference signals on M time-domain resources. Correspondingly, the terminal receives Q second reference signals from the access network node on M time-domain resources. Here, Q is an integer greater than or equal to M.

[0230] One possible design involves different second reference signals on different time-domain resources out of the M time-domain resources, and these second reference signals are transmitted through different antenna subarrays out of the M antenna subarrays. That is, the access network node transmits the second reference signal through different ports on different time-domain resources.

[0231] To better understand the implementation process of S301 and S302, the following explanation is provided in conjunction with Figures 4B, 4C, and 5. In the following example, N and M equal 2, and P and Q equal 8.

[0232] In Figure 5, each of the N time-domain resources includes one symbol, such as symbol 501 and symbol 502. Each of the N time-domain resources carries four first reference signals, such as symbol 501 carrying first reference signals with port numbers 0 to 3, and symbol 502 carrying first reference signals with port numbers 4 to 7. Similarly, each of the M time-domain resources includes one symbol, such as symbol 503 and symbol 504. Each of the M time-domain resources carries four second reference signals, such as symbol 503 carrying second reference signals with port numbers 0 to 1 and 4 to 5, and symbol 504 carrying second reference signals with port numbers 2 to 3 and 6 to 7.

[0233] For S301, the access network node uses antenna subarray 404 as shown in Figure 4B to transmit four first reference signals on symbol 501, and uses antenna subarray 405 as shown in Figure 4B to transmit four first reference signals on symbol 502. For S302, the access network node uses antenna subarray 406 as shown in Figure 4C to transmit four second reference signals on symbol 503, and uses antenna subarray 407 as shown in Figure 4C to transmit four second reference signals on symbol 504. In the above example, antenna subarray 404 is associated with ports 0 to 3, antenna subarray 405 is associated with ports 4 to 7, antenna subarray 406 is associated with ports 0 to 1 and ports 4 to 5, and antenna subarray 407 is associated with ports 2 to 3 and ports 6 to 7.

[0234] Alternatively, for S301, the access network node uses antenna subarray 406 as shown in Figure 4C to transmit four first reference signals on symbol 501, and uses antenna subarray 407 as shown in Figure 4C to transmit four first reference signals on symbol 502. For S302, the access network node uses antenna subarray 404 as shown in Figure 4B to transmit four second reference signals on symbol 503, and uses antenna subarray 405 as shown in Figure 4B to transmit four second reference signals on symbol 504. In the above examples, antenna subarray 406 is associated with ports 0 to 3, antenna subarray 407 is associated with ports 4 to 7, antenna subarray 404 is associated with ports 0 to 1 and 4 to 5, and antenna subarray 405 is associated with ports 2 to 3 and 6 to 7.

[0235] It should be understood that the port patterns shown in Figure 5 are merely exemplary. In specific applications, the port patterns of the first reference signal and the second reference signal may be in other forms; for example, the first reference signal or the second reference signal may use the ports shown in Figure 1F, Figure 1G, or Figure 1H.

[0236] Optionally, following S302, the access network node can use R antenna subarrays to transmit the third reference signal on R time-domain resources respectively. Correspondingly, the terminal receives the third reference signal from the access network node on R time-domain resources. Here, R is an integer greater than 1. For details, please refer to the preceding descriptions of S301 or S302.

[0237] It is understandable that R antenna subarrays are different from M antenna subarrays, and R antenna subarrays are also different from N antenna subarrays. Alternatively, R antenna subarrays are different from M antenna subarrays, and R antenna subarrays are the same as N antenna subarrays. Or, R antenna subarrays are the same as M antenna subarrays, and R antenna subarrays are different from N antenna subarrays.

[0238] Optionally, in one possible implementation of the method shown in Figure 3, the terminal can feed back channel state information to the access network node so that the access network node can schedule resources. For example, as shown in Figure 6, the method shown in Figure 3 may further include the following steps:

[0239] S303: The terminal sends channel state information to the access network node. Correspondingly, the access network node receives the channel state information from the terminal.

[0240] In this application, channel state information is determined based on at least one of a first reference signal or a second reference signal. For example, the channel state information includes one or more of the following: rank indication (RI), channel quality indicator (CQI), or precoding matrix indication (PMI).

[0241] Understandably, if the channel state information is determined based on the first reference signal, then S303 can be executed before S302.

[0242] Understandably, after receiving channel state information, the access network node can schedule resources based on the channel state information. For example, the access network node can determine one or more of the following information and instruct the terminal: downlink communication time and frequency resource information, modulation and coding scheme (MCS) information, multiple input multiple output (MIMO) layer number information, or precoding matrix.

[0243] Optionally, in one possible implementation of the method shown in Figure 3, the access network node can indicate at least one of N antenna subarrays or M antenna subarrays to the terminal, so that the terminal determines the port to be measured, thereby sending channel state information to the access network node. For example, as shown in Figure 6, the method shown in Figure 3 may further include the following S300a and / or S302a:

[0244] S300a: The access network node sends the first indication information to the terminal. Correspondingly, the terminal receives the first indication information from the access network node.

[0245] In this application, the first indication information is used to indicate the N antenna subarrays, the port information corresponding to the N antenna subarrays, or the first mode.

[0246] For example, the first indication information includes the port number corresponding to each of the N antenna subarrays.

[0247] For example, access network nodes and terminals are pre-configured with identifiers for multiple antenna subarrays. Thus, the first indication information includes the identifier of each of the N antenna subarrays.

[0248] For example, information on various division methods of the antenna array of the access network node is pre-configured in the access network node and the terminal. Thus, the first indication information may include an identifier of the first method. For instance, the information on various division methods of the antenna array of the access network node may be as shown in Table 1. If N antenna subarrays are as shown in Figure 4B, then the first indication information includes "01"; if N antenna subarrays are as shown in Figure 4C, then the first indication information includes "00".

[0249] Table 1

[0250] One possible design is that the first indication information is carried in an RRC message, downlink control information (DCI), or MAC control element (MAC-CE).

[0251] One possible implementation is that the access network node determines the first method based on sensing requirements (such as the accuracy requirements of sensing services) and sends the first indication information.

[0252] For example, if the sensing service requires high accuracy in measuring the horizontal angle of the sensed data, the access network node determines the antenna array by dividing it vertically. If the sensing service requires high accuracy in measuring the vertical angle of the sensed data, the access network node determines the antenna array by dividing it horizontally.

[0253] Understandably, the terminal can determine the port corresponding to each of the N antenna subarrays based on the first indication information, and then feed back the PMI to the access network node.

[0254] In conventional technologies, access network nodes can transmit reference signals across the entire antenna array, and terminals measure the ports in a pre-defined order. Taking an access network node's antenna array comprising four antenna elements corresponding to eight ports as an example, the time-frequency resources mapped to these eight ports are shown in Figure 7. The terminal can first measure ports 0 through 3, then ports 4 through 7; that is, the terminal measures the ports in the order of vertical, then horizontal, and finally polarization.

[0255] In the communication method provided in this application, the terminal does not measure the ports in the order described above. Taking the method of dividing the antenna array vertically as an example, the terminal first measures ports 0, 4, 2, and 6, and then measures ports 1, 5, 3, and 7. Taking the method of dividing the antenna array horizontally as an example, the terminal first measures ports 0, 4, 1, and 5, and then measures ports 2, 6, 3, and 7. Therefore, the access network node can send a first indication message to the terminal so that the terminal can determine the ports to be measured, thereby feeding back the PMI to the access network node.

[0256] It should be understood that the access network node may also choose not to send the first indication information to the terminal. In this case, the terminal assumes that the port is measured in the order of vertical, then horizontal, and finally polarization, so the terminal determines the PMI according to this order and sends it to the access network node. After receiving the PMI reported by the terminal, the access network node can determine the actual PMI based on this PMI and the first method.

[0257] S302a: The access network node sends a second indication message to the terminal. Correspondingly, the terminal receives the second indication message from the access network node.

[0258] In this application, the second indication information is used to indicate M antenna subarrays, the port information corresponding to the M antenna subarrays, or a second method. Specifically, refer to the description in S300a of the first indication information indicating N antenna subarrays, the port information corresponding to the N antenna subarrays, or a first method.

[0259] One possible design is that the second indication information is carried in an RRC message, DCI, or MAC-CE.

[0260] One possible implementation is that the access network node determines the second method based on the first sensing result and sensing requirements (such as the accuracy requirements of the sensing service), and sends second indication information. The first sensing result is obtained by the access network node based on the echo signal of the first reference signal.

[0261] For example, if the access network node determines that the measurement accuracy of the first sensing result for the horizontal angle is too low to meet the sensing requirements, then the access network node determines a second method by dividing the antenna array of the access network node vertically. If the access network node determines that the measurement accuracy of the first sensing result for the vertical angle is too low to meet the sensing requirements, then the access network node determines a second method by dividing the antenna array of the access network node horizontally.

[0262] Understandably, the terminal can determine the port corresponding to each of the M antenna subarrays based on the second indication information, and thus feed back the PMI to the access network node.

[0263] It should be understood that the access network node may also choose not to send the second indication information to the terminal. In this case, the terminal assumes that the port is measured in the order of vertical, then horizontal, and finally polarization, so the terminal determines the PMI according to this order and sends it to the access network node. After receiving the PMI reported by the terminal, the access network node can determine the actual PMI based on this PMI and the second method.

[0264] Optionally, in one possible implementation of the method shown in Figure 3, the access network node can determine a first mode and / or a second mode based on the indication from the sensing network element, thereby sending first indication information and / or second indication information to the terminal. The sensing network element is used to manage sensing services and can be deployed in the core network (core network 200 in Figure 2A) or the access network (RAN 100 in Figure 2A). For example, as shown in Figure 6, the method shown in Figure 3 may further include the following steps:

[0265] S300b: The sensing network element sends third indication information to the access network node. Correspondingly, the access network node receives the third indication information from the sensing network element.

[0266] In this application, the third indication information is used to indicate at least one of the following: N antenna subarrays, port information corresponding to the N antenna subarrays, a first method, M antenna subarrays, port information corresponding to the M antenna subarrays, or a second method.

[0267] Understandably, the process of the third indication information indicating N antenna subarrays, the port information corresponding to the N antenna subarrays, or the first method can be referred to in S300a, where the first indication information indicates N antenna subarrays, the port information corresponding to the N antenna subarrays, or the first method. Similarly, the process of the third indication information indicating M antenna subarrays, the port information corresponding to the M antenna subarrays, or the second method can be referred to in S302a, where the second indication information indicates M antenna subarrays, the port information corresponding to the M antenna subarrays, or the second method.

[0268] Understandably, the sensing network element can also indicate the above information to the access network node through multiple indication messages. For example, the sensing network element first sends an indication message indicating N antenna subarrays, the port information corresponding to the N antenna subarrays, or at least one of the first methods, and then sends an indication message indicating M antenna subarrays, the port information corresponding to the M antenna subarrays, or at least one of the second methods.

[0269] Understandably, the sensing network element can also indicate to the terminal at least one of the following: N antenna subarrays, port information corresponding to the N antenna subarrays, a first method, M antenna subarrays, port information corresponding to the M antenna subarrays, or a second method. In this way, the access network node does not need to send the first or second indication information.

[0270] Optionally, in one possible implementation of the method shown in Figure 3, the access network node can transmit a first reference signal and a second reference signal according to a pre-set rule. Correspondingly, the terminal measures the first reference signal and / or the second reference signal according to the pre-set rule. In this case, the access network node does not need to transmit the first indication information and the second indication information.

[0271] For example, if the predefined rule is to first send the reference signal through N antenna subarrays and then through M antenna subarrays, the access network node can execute S301 to S302. If the predefined rule is to first send the reference signal through M antenna subarrays and then through N antenna subarrays, the access network node can execute S302 first and then S301.

[0272] In the example above, a two-round reference signal transmission method is predefined. In specific applications, a three-round or more-round reference signal transmission method can also be predefined without restriction.

[0273] Understandably, the interval between two adjacent rounds of sending reference signals can also be predefined, defined in the protocol, or configured by the access network node to the terminal.

[0274] For example, it can be predefined that the reference signal is transmitted through N antenna subarrays on odd-numbered sensing frames and through M antenna subarrays on even-numbered sensing frames. Alternatively, it can be predefined that the reference signal is transmitted through N antenna subarrays on even-numbered sensing frames and through M antenna subarrays on odd-numbered sensing frames.

[0275] The various embodiments mentioned above in this application can be combined without contradiction, and no limitation is imposed.

[0276] The above mainly describes the solution provided in this application from the perspective of interaction between various network elements. Correspondingly, this application also provides a communication device, which can be a terminal as described in the above method embodiments, or a device including the aforementioned terminal, or a component usable in a terminal; or, the communication device can be an access network node as described in the above method embodiments, or a device including the aforementioned access network node, or a component usable in an access network node. It is understood that, in order to achieve the above functions, the aforementioned terminal or access network node includes hardware structures and / or software modules corresponding to the execution of each function.

[0277] Figure 8 illustrates a possible exemplary block diagram of the communication device involved in the embodiments of this application. As shown in Figure 8, the communication device 80 may include modules or units for implementing the method embodiments described above. In one possible design, the communication device 80 includes a processing module 801 and a communication module 802. The processing module 801, also referred to as a processing unit, is used to perform operations other than transmission and reception operations, and may be, for example, a processing circuit or a processor. The communication module 802, also referred to as an interface unit, is used to perform transmission and reception operations, and may be, for example, an interface circuit, a transceiver, a transceiver unit, or a communication interface.

[0278] In some embodiments, the communication device 80 may further include a storage module (not shown in FIG8) for storing one or more of program instructions, program code, or data.

[0279] In some embodiments, the communication device 80 may further include an AI module (not shown in FIG8) for implementing AI-related functions. The AI ​​module can implement AI functions through software, hardware, or a combination of software and hardware. For example, the AI ​​module includes a RIC module. Optionally, the AI ​​module and the storage module are integrated into one module, or the AI ​​module and the processing module 801 are integrated into one module.

[0280] For example, the communication device 80 can be a network-side device in the above embodiments, such as an access network node or a module (e.g., a circuit, a chip, or a chip system) in the access network node.

[0281] For example, in one embodiment, the processing module 801 is used to control the communication module 802 to transmit the first reference signal on N time-domain resources using N antenna subarrays respectively. For example, the processing module 801 can be used to control the communication module 802 to execute S301.

[0282] The processing module 801 is also used to control the communication module 802 to transmit the second reference signal on M time-domain resources using M antenna subarrays respectively. For example, the processing module 801 is also used to control the communication module 802 to execute S302.

[0283] Alternatively, by way of example, the communication device 80 can be a terminal-side device in the above embodiments, such as a terminal or a communication module or processing module in the terminal, or a circuit or chip in the terminal responsible for communication functions.

[0284] For example, in one embodiment, the processing module 801 is used to control the communication module 802 to receive a first reference signal on N time-domain resources. For example, the processing module 801 can be used to control the communication module 802 to execute S301.

[0285] The processing module 801 is also configured to control the communication module 802 to receive the second reference signal on M time-domain resources. For example, the processing module 801 is also configured to control the communication module 802 to execute S302.

[0286] In one possible design, when the communication device 80 is a terminal or a communication module within a terminal, the functionality of the processing module 801 can be implemented by one or more processors. Specifically, the processor may include a modem chip, or a system-on-a-chip (SoC) or SIP chip containing a modem core. The functionality of the communication module 802 can be implemented by transceiver circuitry.

[0287] In one possible design, when the communication device 80 is a circuit or chip in a terminal responsible for communication functions, such as a modem chip or a system-on-a-chip (SoC) or SIP chip containing a modem core, the function of the processing module 801 can be implemented by a circuit system in the aforementioned chip that includes one or more processors or processor cores. The function of the communication module 802 can be implemented by interface circuits or data transceiver circuits on the aforementioned chip.

[0288] In one possible design, when the communication device 80 is a terminal or a processing module within a terminal, the functionality of the processing module 801 can be implemented by one or more processors. Specifically, the processor may include a GPU, or a system-on-a-chip (SoC) or SIP chip containing a GPU. Alternatively, the processor may include an AI processor, or a SoC or SIP chip containing an AI processor. Or, the processor may include an ASIC, or a SoC or SIP chip containing an ASIC. The functionality of the communication module 802 can be implemented by transceiver circuitry.

[0289] In one possible design, when the communication device 80 is a circuit or chip in a terminal responsible for processing functions, such as a GPU or a system-on-a-chip (SoC) or SIP chip containing a GPU, an AI processor or a SoC or SIP chip containing an AI processor, or an ASIC or a SoC or SIP chip containing an ASIC, the function of the processing module 801 can be implemented by a circuit system in the aforementioned chip that includes one or more processors or processor cores. The function of the communication module 802 can be implemented by interface circuits or data transceiver circuits on the aforementioned chip.

[0290] It is understood that the division of units in the above-described device is merely a logical functional division. One function can correspond to one functional unit, or two or more functions can be integrated into one functional unit. In actual implementation, all or some units can be integrated onto a single physical entity, or distributed across different physical entities. Furthermore, the aforementioned functional units can be implemented in hardware, software, or a combination of both. Whether a function is executed in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for specific applications, but such implementations should not be considered beyond the scope of this application.

[0291] It is understood that one or more of the above modules or units can be implemented by software, hardware, or a combination of both. When any of the above modules or units are implemented by software, the software exists as computer program instructions and is stored in memory. The processor can be used to execute the program instructions and implement the above method flow. The processor can be built into a SoC or ASIC, or it can be a separate semiconductor chip. In addition to the core that executes the software instructions for computation or processing, the processor may further include necessary hardware accelerators, such as FPGAs, PLDs, or logic circuits that implement dedicated logic operations.

[0292] When the above modules or units are implemented in hardware, the hardware can be any one or any combination of a CPU, microprocessor, digital signal processing (DSP) chip, microcontroller unit (MCU), artificial intelligence processor, ASIC, SoC, FPGA, PLD, application-specific digital circuit, hardware accelerator, or non-integrated discrete device, which can run the necessary software or perform the above method flow independently of software.

[0293] In specific implementations, the terminal-side device (e.g., a terminal) or network-side device (e.g., an access network node) in the above embodiments can adopt the composition structure shown in FIG9, or include the components shown in FIG9. FIG9 is a schematic diagram of the hardware structure of a communication device applicable to this application. It is understood that the communication device 90 includes means of necessary forms such as modules, units, elements, circuits, or interfaces, which are appropriately configured together to execute the solution provided in this application. For example, the communication device 90 includes one or more processors 901 for implementing the method provided in this application.

[0294] Processor 901 can be a general-purpose processor or a dedicated processor. For example, processor 901 can be a baseband processor or a CPU. The baseband processor can be used to process communication protocols and communication data, while the central processing unit can be used to control the communication device 90 (such as an access network node, terminal, or chip), execute software programs, and process data from the software programs. Optionally, in one design, processor 901 may include program 905 (sometimes also referred to as code or instructions), which can be run on processor 901 to cause the communication device 90 to perform the methods described in the above embodiments. In yet another possible design, communication device 90 includes circuitry (not shown in FIG9) for implementing the functions of the access network node or terminal in the above embodiments.

[0295] Optionally, the communication device 90 may include one or more memories 903. The memory 903 may be a read-only memory (ROM) or other type of static storage device capable of storing static information and instructions, random access memory (RAM), cache, or other type of dynamic storage device capable of storing information and instructions. It may also be an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), a compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM) or other optical disc storage, optical disc storage (including compressed optical discs, laser discs, optical discs, digital universal optical discs, Blu-ray discs, etc.), magnetic disk storage media, or other magnetic storage devices, or any other medium capable of carrying or storing desired program code in the form of instructions or data structures and accessible by a computer, but is not limited thereto. The memory provided in this application may generally be non-volatile. Optionally, the memory 903 stores a program 907 (sometimes referred to as code or instructions), which can be run on the processor 901 to cause the communication device 90 to perform the methods described in the above method embodiments.

[0296] Optionally, the processor 901 may include an AI module 906, and / or the memory 903 may include an AI module 908. The aforementioned AI modules are used to implement AI-related functions. The AI ​​modules can be implemented through software, hardware, or a combination of both. For example, the AI ​​module may include a RIC module. For example, the AI ​​module can be a near real-time RIC or a non-real-time RIC.

[0297] Optionally, data may also be stored in the processor 901 and / or the memory 903. The processor 901 and the memory 903 may be configured separately or integrated together.

[0298] Optionally, the communication device 90 may also include a transceiver 902 and / or an antenna 904. The processor 901, sometimes referred to as a processing unit, controls the communication device 90. The transceiver 902, sometimes referred to as a transceiver unit, transceiver, transceiver circuit, or transceiver, is used to implement the transmission and reception functions of the communication device 90 via the antenna 904.

[0299] It is understood that the composition shown in Figure 9 does not constitute a limitation on the communication device. In addition to the components shown in Figure 9, the communication device may include more or fewer components than shown, or combine certain components, or have different component arrangements.

[0300] In one example, the functional units in the communication device 80 may be one or more integrated circuits configured to implement the methods described above, such as: one or more ASICs, or one or more CPUs, one or more MCUs, one or more DSPs, or one or more FPGAs, or a combination of at least two of these integrated circuit forms. For example, the processing module 801 is configured as a processor 901, the communication module 802 is configured as a transceiver 902, and the storage module of the communication device 80 is configured as a memory 903.

[0301] Optionally, this application also provides a chip system, including: at least one processor and an interface, wherein the at least one processor is coupled to a memory via the interface, and when the at least one processor executes a computer program or instructions in the memory, the method in any of the above method embodiments is executed. In one possible implementation, the chip system further includes a memory. Optionally, the chip system may be composed of chips or may include chips and other discrete devices; this application does not specifically limit this.

[0302] Optionally, this application also provides a computer-readable storage medium. All or part of the processes in the above method embodiments can be implemented by a computer program instructing related hardware. This program can be stored in the aforementioned computer-readable storage medium. When executed, the program can include the processes described in the above method embodiments. The computer-readable storage medium can be an internal storage unit of the communication device in any of the foregoing embodiments, such as the hard disk or memory of the communication device. The aforementioned computer-readable storage medium can also be an external storage device of the communication device, such as a plug-in hard disk, smart media card (SMC), secure digital (SD) card, flash card, etc., equipped on the communication device. Further, the aforementioned computer-readable storage medium can include both internal storage units and external storage devices of the communication device. The aforementioned computer-readable storage medium is used to store the aforementioned computer program and other programs and data required by the communication device. The aforementioned computer-readable storage medium can also be used to temporarily store data that has been output or will be output.

[0303] Optionally, this application also provides a computer program product. All or part of the processes in the above method embodiments can be executed by a computer program instructing related hardware. This program can be stored in the above computer program product, and when executed, it can include the processes described in the above method embodiments.

[0304] Optionally, this application also provides computer instructions. All or part of the processes in the above method embodiments can be executed by computer instructions instructing related hardware (such as a computer, processor, terminal, or access network node). The program can be stored in the aforementioned computer-readable storage medium or the aforementioned computer program product.

[0305] Optionally, this application also provides a communication system, including: the access network node and terminal in the above embodiments.

[0306] Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, only the division of the above functional modules is used as an example. In actual applications, the above functions can be assigned to different functional modules as needed, that is, the internal structure of the device can be divided into different functional modules to complete all or part of the functions described above.

[0307] It is understood that the term "connection" in this application can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection; furthermore, it can refer to an electrical connection or a communication connection. For example, the connection of two electrical components A and B can refer to a direct connection between A and B, or an indirect connection between A and B through other electrical components or connection media, enabling the transmission of electrical signals between A and B; similarly, the connection of two devices A and B can refer to a direct connection between A and B, or an indirect connection between A and B through other communication devices or communication media, enabling communication between A and B.

[0308] It is understood that the message names or parameter names between network elements in the above embodiments of this application are merely examples, and other names may be used in specific implementations. This application does not impose any specific limitations on these names. Furthermore, the terms "system" and "network" in this application can be used interchangeably.

[0309] It is understood that in this application, " / " can indicate that the objects before and after it are in an "or" relationship. For example, A / B can mean A or B. "And / or" can be used to describe three relationships between the related objects. For example, A and / or B can mean: A exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. Here, A and B can be singular or plural. Furthermore, expressions like "at least one of A, B, and C" or "at least one of A, B, or C" are generally used to indicate any of the following: A exists alone; B exists alone; C exists alone; A and B exist simultaneously; A and C exist simultaneously; B and C exist simultaneously; A, B, and C exist simultaneously. The above examples using three elements (A, B, and C) illustrate the optional entries for this item. When the expression contains more elements, its meaning can be obtained according to the aforementioned rules.

[0310] To facilitate the description of the technical solutions of this application, the terms "first" and "second" may be used to distinguish technical features with the same or similar functions. The terms "first" and "second" do not limit the number or execution order, nor do they imply that they are necessarily different. In this application, the terms "exemplary" or "for example" are used to indicate examples, illustrations, or descriptions. Any embodiment or design scheme described as "exemplary" or "for example" should not be construed as being more preferred or advantageous than other embodiments or design schemes. The use of "exemplary" or "for example" is intended to present the relevant concepts in a concrete manner for ease of understanding.

[0311] It is understood that the term "embodiment" used throughout the specification means that a specific feature, structure, or characteristic related to an embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of this application. Therefore, various embodiments throughout the specification do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. Furthermore, these specific features, structures, or characteristics can be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments. It is understood that in the various embodiments of this application, the sequence number of each process does not imply a sequential order of execution; the execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of this application.

[0312] It is understood that in this application, "when," "under the circumstances," "if," and "if" all refer to the corresponding processing that will be carried out under certain objective circumstances, and are not time-limited, nor do they require that there must be a judgment action when implemented, nor do they imply any other limitations.

[0313] It is understood that some optional features in this application can be implemented independently in certain scenarios without relying on other features, such as the current solution upon which they are based, to solve the corresponding technical problems and achieve the corresponding effects. Alternatively, they can be combined with other features as needed in certain scenarios. Correspondingly, the apparatus provided in this application can also implement these features or functions, which will not be elaborated here.

[0314] It is understood that the same step or step with the same function or technical feature in this application can be referenced and learned from each other in different embodiments.

[0315] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed apparatus and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative; for instance, the division of modules or units is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another device, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be through some interfaces; the indirect coupling or communication connection between devices or units may be electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0316] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. A component shown as a unit can be one or more physical units; that is, it can be located in one place or distributed in multiple different locations. Some or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0317] Furthermore, the functional units in the various embodiments of this application can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit. The integrated unit can be implemented in hardware or as a software functional unit.

[0318] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A communication method, characterized in that, Applied to a first communication device, the method includes: The first reference signal is transmitted on N time-domain resources using N antenna subarrays, where the N antenna subarrays belong to the antenna array of the first communication device and N is an integer greater than 1; The second reference signal is transmitted on M time-domain resources using M antenna subarrays. The M antenna subarrays belong to the antenna array of the first communication device, where M is an integer greater than 1. The M antenna subarrays are different from the N antenna subarrays.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method further includes: Receive channel state information, which is determined based on at least one of the first reference signal or the second reference signal.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The method further includes: Send a first indication message, which is used to indicate the N antenna subarrays.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first indication information is used to indicate the N antenna subarrays, including: the first indication information is used to indicate the port information corresponding to the N antenna subarrays.

5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The method further includes: Send a second indication message, which is used to indicate the M antenna subarrays.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The second indication information is used to indicate the M antenna subarrays, including: the second indication information is used to indicate the port information corresponding to the M antenna subarrays.

7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The method further includes: Receive third indication information, which is used to indicate at least one of the N antenna subarrays or the M antenna subarrays.

8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that, The third indication information is used to indicate the N antenna subarrays, including: the third indication information is used to indicate the port information corresponding to the N antenna subarrays; The third indication information is used to indicate the M antenna subarrays, including: the third indication information is used to indicate the port information corresponding to the M antenna subarrays.

9. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, The M antenna subarrays differ from the N antenna subarrays in that they include at least one of the following: The distribution of the M antenna subarrays on the antenna array surface of the first communication device is different from the distribution of the N antenna subarrays on the antenna array surface of the first communication device; or, M and N are different.

10. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, The first reference signal is transmitted using N antenna subarrays on N time-domain resources, including: P first reference signals are transmitted on the N time-domain resources. The first reference signals on different time-domain resources are different. The first reference signals on different time-domain resources are transmitted through different antenna subarrays in the N antenna subarrays. P is an integer greater than or equal to N. The second reference signal is transmitted using M antenna subarrays on M time-domain resources, including: Q second reference signals are transmitted on the M time-domain resources. The second reference signals on different time-domain resources are different. The second reference signals on different time-domain resources are transmitted through different antenna subarrays in the M antenna subarrays. Q is an integer greater than or equal to M.

11. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that, The combination of the N antenna subarrays includes all the antenna subarrays in the antenna array of the first communication device; The combination of the M antenna subarrays includes all the antenna subarrays in the antenna array of the first communication device.

12. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that, The first reference signal is used for sensing; The second reference signal is used for sensing.

13. A communication method, characterized in that, The method includes: A first reference signal is received from a first communication device on N time-domain resources, wherein each of the N time-domain resources is associated with N antenna subarrays, and the first reference signal is transmitted through the N antenna subarrays, wherein the N antenna subarrays belong to the antenna array of the first communication device, and N is an integer greater than 1. The second reference signal is received from the first communication device on M time-domain resources, each of which is associated with M antenna subarrays. The second reference signal is transmitted through the M antenna subarrays, which belong to the antenna array of the first communication device. M is an integer greater than 1. The M antenna subarrays are different from the N antenna subarrays.

14. The method according to claim 13, characterized in that, The method further includes: Channel state information is transmitted, which is determined based on at least one of the first reference signal or the second reference signal.

15. The method according to claim 13 or 14, characterized in that, The method further includes: Receive first indication information, which is used to indicate the N antenna subarrays.

16. The method according to claim 15, characterized in that, The first indication information is used to indicate the N antenna subarrays, including: the first indication information is used to indicate the port information corresponding to the N antenna subarrays.

17. The method according to any one of claims 13 to 16, characterized in that, The method further includes: Receive second indication information, which is used to indicate the M antenna subarrays.

18. The method according to claim 17, characterized in that, The second indication information is used to indicate the M antenna subarrays, including: the second indication information is used to indicate the port information corresponding to the M antenna subarrays.

19. The method according to any one of claims 13 to 18, characterized in that, The M antenna subarrays differ from the N antenna subarrays in that they include at least one of the following: The distribution of the M antenna subarrays on the antenna array surface of the first communication device is different from the distribution of the N antenna subarrays on the antenna array surface of the first communication device; or, M and N are different.

20. The method according to any one of claims 13 to 19, characterized in that, The first reference signals on different time-domain resources among the N time-domain resources are different, and the second reference signals on different time-domain resources among the M time-domain resources are different; The N time-domain resources are associated with N antenna subarrays respectively, and the first reference signal is transmitted through the N antenna subarrays, including: The first reference signal on different time-domain resources among the N time-domain resources is transmitted through different antenna subarrays among the N antenna subarrays; The M time-domain resources are each associated with one of the M antenna subarrays, and the second reference signal is transmitted through the M antenna subarrays, including: The second reference signal on different time-domain resources among the M time-domain resources is transmitted through different antenna subarrays among the M antenna subarrays.

21. The method according to any one of claims 13 to 20, characterized in that, The combination of the N antenna subarrays includes all the antenna subarrays in the antenna array of the first communication device; The combination of the M antenna subarrays includes all the antenna subarrays in the antenna array of the first communication device.

22. The method according to any one of claims 13 to 21, characterized in that, The first reference signal is used for sensing; The second reference signal is used for sensing.

23. A communication device, characterized in that, It includes units or modules for performing the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 12, or includes units or modules for performing the method as described in any one of claims 13 to 22.

24. A communication device, characterized in that, include: A processor coupled to a memory for storing a program or instructions which, when executed by the processor, cause the apparatus to perform the method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 12, or the method as claimed in any one of claims 13 to 22.

25. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, It includes a computer program or instructions that, when executed, cause a computer to perform the method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 12, or the method as claimed in any one of claims 13 to 22.

26. A computer program product, characterized in that, It includes computer program code that, when run on a computer, causes the computer to implement the method of any one of claims 1 to 12, or the method of any one of claims 13 to 22.

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