Control and management system for electric-powered cycles

Abstract

The present invention provides a control and management system for an electric-powered cycle, the system comprising a controller module configured to control power delivery to a motor, a user-operable controller configured to generate an input signal based on user input, the user-operable controller being operatively connected to the controller module and comprising a trigger-based mechanism, wherein varying actuation of the trigger-based mechanism is configured to adjust one or more operational parameters of the electric-powered cycle, a display interface operatively connected to the controller module, the display interface being configured to present real-time information related to operational statuses of the electric-powered cycle in a plurality of predefined visual format. The trigger-based mechanism comprises a trigger lever configured to proportionally vary the one or more operational parameters in response to degree of movement of the trigger lever.

Description

CONTROL AND MANAGEMENT SYSTEM FOR ELECTRIC-POWERED CYCLES FIELD OF THE INVENTION

[0001] The present invention relates to control and management systems for electric-powered cycles, including e-bikes and dirt e-bikes. More specifically, it pertains to an integrated system comprising an intuitive user-operated controller with variable input capabilities and a dynamic display interface for real-time feedback. The invention is designed to enhance adaptability, performance, and user experience across diverse riding conditions.BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

[0002] Electric-powered cycles, including e-bikes and dirt e-bikes, have gained traction as versatile and environmentally friendly alternatives to traditional motorized vehicles. Despite their growing popularity, these vehicles face significant challenges in their control and display systems, which limit their usability and adaptability to diverse riding conditions.

[0003] One significant limitation in existing systems is the absence of an intuitive variable input device capable of managing multiple functionalities and activating specific features. Conventional controls typically rely on binary inputs, such as basic on / off switches or toggles, which are neither precise nor user-friendly, particularly in competitive or technical riding scenarios. Moreover, there is often no intuitive way to control certain advanced features, making these functionalities less accessible and difficult to make fine adjustments during technical maneuvers or on uneven terrain. This absence of a seamlessly integrated mechanism for precise and dynamic control not only compromises system performance but also lowers the overall engagement and confidence of riders in demanding environments.

[0004] Another critical issue lies in the display interface, which frequently lacks adaptability to varying ride conditions. Existing systems typically provide static displays with basic metrics like speed, battery level, or ride mode. These displays often fail to respond dynamically to operational needs, such as highlighting critical warnings during high-stress scenarios or adjusting the prominence of key metrics based on the selected ride mode. Furthermore, conventional displays lack customization options, preventing riders from tailoring the interface to their specific preferences or terrain requirements. This rigidity reduces the rider’s ability to monitor and adjust performance efficiently, especially during competitive or high-performance riding.

[0005] In addition, the separation between control input devices and display interfaces in many existing systems exacerbates these shortcomings. Limited integration between the two often forces riders to divide their attention between making adjustments and monitoring feedback, which can compromise safety and control. The inability to seamlessly link inputs with realtime feedback further underscores the need for a more cohesive system.

[0006] There exists a need for an advanced control and management system that integrates a versatile, intuitive input device with a dynamic, adaptable display interface, which may mitigate at least some, if not all, of the aforementioned technical shortcomings.SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

[0007] The present invention represents a substantial advancement in the field of electric-powered cycle technology, offering enhanced adaptability, responsiveness, and ease of use. By consolidating control functionalities within a single, customizable trigger mechanism, this control apparatus facilitates seamless management of key performance features, providing significant improvements in safety, operational flexibility, and user experience for riders of electric-powered cycles in diverse environments.

[0008] According to a first aspect of the invention, there is provided a control and management system for an electric-powered cycle, the system comprising:a controller module configured to control power delivery to a motor;a user-operable controller configured to generate an input signal based on user input, the user-operable controller being operatively connected to the controller module and comprising a trigger-based mechanism, wherein varying actuation of the trigger-based mechanism is configured to adjust one or more operational parameters of the electric-powered cycle;a display interface operatively connected to the controller module, the display interface being configured to present real-time information related to operational statuses of the electric-powered cycle in a plurality of predefined visual format;wherein the trigger-based mechanism comprises a trigger lever configured to proportionally vary the one or more operational parameters in response to degree of movement ofthe trigger lever.

[0009] According to a second aspect of the invention, there is provided a user-operated controller for varying one or more operational parameters of an electric-powered cycle, comprising:a housing configured for attachment to a handlebar;a trigger lever pivotally mounted on the housing and biased to a default position, wherein the trigger lever is configured to provide variable input through angular movement;one or more buttons positioned on the housing for selecting functions or settings; and a processing unit configured to interpret input from the trigger lever and the one or more buttons, and vary the one or more operational parameters of the electric -powered cycle based on variable input.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0010] The present invention will now be more specifically described by way of example only with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0011] Fig. 1 is a block diagram showing the control and management system and relevant components in an electric -powered cycle, according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0012] Fig. 2 is a view showing the display unit mounted on an electric-powered cycle, according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0013] Fig. 3A to 3C shows a first view mode of the display interface, according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0014] Fig. 4A to 4C shows a second view mode of the display interface, according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0015] Fig. 5A to 5C shows a third view mode of the display interface, according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0016] Fig. 6 A to 6B shows a fourth view mode of the display interface, according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0017] Fig. 7 shows an interface indicating trip information;

[0018] Fig. 8A shows an example of a warning message;

[0019] Fig. 8B shows an example of an alert message;

[0020] Fig. 9 shows an interface for selecting the aforementioned view modes;

[0021] Fig. 10A is a perspective view of the user-operated controller according to an embodiment of the present invention; and

[0022] Fig. 10B is a view showing the user-operated controller is mounted to a handlebar of the electric -powered cycle.

[0023] The figures herein are for illustrative purposes only and are not necessarily drawn to scale.DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0024] The following clearly and completely describes the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings. Apparently, the described embodiments are merely some but not all of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments based on the embodiments of the present invention and obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art without investing creative efforts shall fall within the scope of the present invention.

[0025] Electric-powered dirt bikes are high-performance off-road vehicles combining traditional dirt bike features with advanced electric drive systems. These systems typically include reinforced frames, powerful motors, high-capacity batteries, and sophisticated control mechanisms to tackle challenging terrain with stability and control. The frame is the foundational component, providing strength and balance to support both the rider and the electric components. Typically constructed from high-strength steel, aluminum, or carbon fiber, the frame is reinforced with crossbars or other elements to withstand off-road stresses and impacts. To improve balance and handling, heavy components like the motor and battery are centrally placed, maintaining a low center of gravity for better maneuverability on uneven terrain.

[0026] Electric-powered dirt bikes commonly feature mid-drive motors, which connect directly to the drivetrain, providing efficient torque and power. These motors, often rated up to 30 to 50 kilowatts (kW), excel in off-road scenarios and enhance performance on steep climbs and challenging trails. Their ability to efficiently transmit high power through the drivetrainenables precise control of torque and speed, essential for technical maneuvers and demanding conditions.

[0027] High-capacity lithium-ion battery packs power these systems, offering superior energy density and longevity. Typically housed within the frame for protection, these batteries often range from 3,000 to 7,000 watt-hours, striking a balance between power and runtime. A Battery Management System (BMS) monitors the battery's performance, safeguarding it against overcharging, overheating, and over-discharging. The BMS also balances individual cells to ensure consistent power delivery and extended battery life. The drivetrain includes components like the chain, sprockets, and gears, working with mid-drive motors to transmit power effectively to the wheels. Riders can often change between ride modes to control torque and speed, optimizing the bike’s performance for varying terrain. This setup enhances efficiency and ensures controlled power delivery, especially on rough or slippery surfaces.

[0028] Typically, the control system regulates power delivery through sensors, switches, and a central controller. This system interprets rider inputs from the throttle or power modes, adjusting motor output for smooth acceleration and efficient power distribution. Many models feature a handlebar-mounted display that provides information such as speed, battery level, and power mode. In some models, mode selection buttons or switches may be provided for riders to adjust power output mid-ride, enabling conservation of battery life or maximum performance as needed. Electric-powered dirt bikes integrate robust structural components, efficient drive systems, and advanced controls to offer superior off-road performance. While conventional systems provide some basic functionalities, they often lack the adaptability needed for dynamically optimizing performance in technical or varied riding conditions.

[0029] According to an embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a control and management system designed to provide electric-powered cycles, such as electric bikes and electric-powered dirt bikes, with a comprehensive, adaptive interface for real-time on-the-fly operation and performance adjustments. As shown in Fig. 1, the system 100 integrates a controller module 101, a user-operable controller 102, a display or display unit 103 that work in unison with the controller module 101. The control and management system connects witha drive system 104 of the electric-powered cycle, a battery 105, a Battery Management System (BMS) 106 and various sensors 107 to deliver seamless, responsive control over critical functions of the electric-powered cycle. The various components of the systems and the vehicle are typically interconnected by means of electrical connections throughout the bike, although in some embodiments wireless connectivity may be employed for less clutter and simplification of manufacturing or assembly.

[0030] The controller module 101 is an electronic multi-functional device designed to enable the rider to manage various operational parameters of the electric-powered dirt bike with precision and flexibility. Advantageously, the controller module 101 includes an intuitive input mechanism connected to the controller module 101, allowing real-time adjustments to functions such as but not limited to throttle control, regenerative braking, and ride mode selection. Moreover, the controller module 101 includes various sensors embedded throughout the vehicle, which monitor key metrics such as wheel speed, orientation, and acceleration. These sensors 107 work in conjunction with one or more processors in the controller module 101 to enable advanced features like traction and wheelie control. In an embodiment, a gyroscope and an accelerometer may be provided within the system to provide real-time data on the bike’s tilt angle which enables the system to implement a “wheelie” control mode that limits the lift of the front wheel within safe and feasible angles. Additionally, the traction control feature uses wheel speed sensors to monitor and adjust the power distribution between wheels to ensure optimal grip and minimizing slippage. Together, these components allow the system to enhance safety and performance, adapting continuously to the rider’s actions and the real-time conditions of the bike itself.

[0031] The battery and Battery Management System (BMS) 106 work together to provide efficient power management within the control and management system of the electric-powered dirt bike. The high-capacity battery is designed to supply sustained energy for extended use, while the BMS 106 monitors key metrics such as charge level, discharge rate, temperature, and cell health. Connected directly to the controller module 101, the BMS 106 enables real-time communication, allowing the system 100 to adjust power output based on battery status. For instance, if the BMS 106 detects a low charge or overheating, it can signalthe controller module 101 to limit certain functions or reduce power output to prevent damage. This integration also provides the rider with real-time feedback on battery health and capacity via the electronic display unit 103 which helps to optimize performance and safety. Together, the system 100 can ensure reliable and responsive power delivery and protect the system against potential hazards.

[0032] In an embodiment, the system includes a high-resolution display as display unit 103 which can be ergonomically mounted within the rider's view, as illustrated in Fig. 2. The display unit 103 supports a display interface configured to present real-time data such as but not limiting to speed, battery level, power consumption, and operational modes. The display unit 103 may also support a customizable user interface layout, allowing the rider to prioritize the display of specific metrics and information based on their preferences or riding conditions. The display interface may be continuously updated to ensure that the rider receives the latest information needed to make informed adjustments to their riding style and settings.

[0033] In addition to presenting real-time data, the display interface can also alert the rider to key system diagnostics, including warnings for low battery levels, excessive temperature, or required maintenance. This level of feedback supports a proactive approach to vehicle management, allowing the rider to anticipate and address potential issues before they affect performance.

[0034] As illustrated in Fig. 3 A through Fig. 8, various view modes of the display interface are presented. These view modes are designed to provide the rider with tailored information and functionality depending on their specific needs and riding context. The available modes may include, but are not limited to, "Precision," "Performance," "Race," and "Lap Timer." Each view mode offers a unique layout and set of data to enhance the rider's experience, enabling quick access to relevant metrics and controls suited to different riding conditions.

[0035] As illustrated in Fig. 3A to Fig. 3C, the "Precision" view 300 is specifically designed to provide the rider with essential operational data in a clear, high-contrast layout that supports focused, precise control over the electric -powered dirt bike. This view prioritizes metricsrelevant to efficient energy management and real-time performance monitoring, making it ideal for riding situations where the rider requires detailed feedback for optimal control.

[0036] At the center of the "Precision" view 300, the speed indicator 301 is displayed prominently, showing the current speed in large, easily readable numerals. This central placement allows the rider to check speed at a glance without diverting attention from the road. Directly above the speed indicator 301, the current time 302 is displayed, providing the rider with a quick reference to the time of day. Below the time 302 is the gear mode indicator 303, indicating the e-bike in “RIDE” mode or “N” (neutral) gear mode.

[0037] On the left side of the view 300, a battery level indicator 304 shows the battery charge as both a percentage and a vertical bar, allowing the rider to gauge remaining power visually and numerically. Below the battery indicator 304 is an odometer 305 indicating the total distance traveled by the vehicle for riders to track their overall usage conveniently.

[0038] The right side of the view 300 includes a power level indicator 306, presenting the current power usage in kilowatts (kW). The power level indicator 306 includes a vertical bar that dynamically adjusts to reflect real-time power output which allows the rider to manage power consumption effectively. The presence of both visual and numerical power indicators helps the rider optimize performance based on current needs.

[0039] Additional indicators are strategically placed throughout the "Precision" view 300 to provide the rider with operational feedback. An icon 307 for the headlight is also shown to indicate when one or more headlights are in activated. To the right of the speed indicator, a right turn signal arrow 308 is displayed when the right turn signal is activated, enhancing safety by providing visual confirmation of signal engagement. As shown in Fig. 3C, an error or alert message 309 may be displayed at the center top portion of the display interface to indicate any detected error or warning.

[0040] The lower part of the view 300 displays the current ride mode 310, shown as "Mode 5" in this example, providing the rider with instant recognition of the selected performance setting.Adjacent to this, a function indicator 311 showing that the "Speed Limit" feature is currently selected, with function status 312 indicated as "ON". This function status display allows the rider to verify active settings related to safety or speed restrictions, which can be changed as needed. The "Precision" view 300 is configured for clarity and ease of use, allowing the rider to monitor and manage critical performance metrics efficiently. By organizing these indicators in a structured, accessible format, the "Precision" view 300 enhances the rider’s ability to maintain optimal control and safety, especially for commuting and prolong riding.

[0041] Fig. 4A to Fig. 4C illustrate the display interface in the "Performance" view 400, a configuration designed for spirited riding situations where quick access to real-time performance data is critical. This view provides essential information, including speed, drive (or gear) mode, battery level, function status, and power level, all arranged to enhance readability and accessibility during dynamic riding.

[0042] The "Performance" view 400 prominently features a power level indicator 401 that spans the entire width of the display interface and is positioned above a speed indicator 402 for enhanced visibility. This power level indicator 401 comprises a continuous bar made up of multiple incremental mini bars, accompanied by a numeric scale in kilowatts (kW), representing both power output level and regenerative power level from braking. The illumination of these mini bars provides the rider with a real-time, visual representation of energy usage and recovery, allowing for quick adjustments based on riding conditions.The centrally located speed indicator 402 ensures that the rider can easily monitor their speed. Flanking the speed indicator 402 are the battery level indicator 403 on the left strategically positioned for visibility and a function indicator 404 showing that the "Wheelie" feature is currently selected, with function status 405 indicated as "ON". Similar to the “Precision” view 300, a gear mode indicator 406 is provided for indicating the vehicle in “RIDE” mode or “N” (neutral) gear mode. An icon 407 for the headlight is also shown to indicate when one or more headlights are in activated. If the vehicle is equipped with turn signals, turn signal indicators 408 illuminates when turn signal is activated. Adjacent to the turn signal indicator 408 lies the ride mode 409, shown as "Mode 5" in this example, providing the rider with instant recognitionof the selected performance setting. In addition to these core indicators, the "Performance" view 400 may display supplementary information such as lap time 410 and distance traveled 411 depending on user preferences. These additional metrics provide riders with a comprehensive overview of their ride, enhancing control and situational awareness during high-performance use.

[0043] The display interface in “Performance” view 400 may also include temperature indicators for critical components, such as the battery temperature 412, controller temperature 413, and motor temperature 414. Each temperature reading is presented in both numeric form and as a bar indicator, enabling the rider to quickly assess the thermal status of each component. This allows for proactive management of the vehicle thermal performance, especially in demanding riding conditions where overheating could become a concern. As shown in Fig. 4C, an error or alert message 415 may be displayed at the center top portion of the display interface to indicate any detected error or warning. "Performance" view may be best suitable for spirited riding scenarios, offering a clear and organized layout of essential performance metrics. By presenting real-time data in a highly accessible format, the "Performance" view enables riders to make quick, informed adjustments, maximizing both safety and riding enjoyment.

[0044] Illustrated in Fig. 5A to 5C is the "Race" view 500. Race view 500 is designed to provide the rider with essential performance data optimized for high-speed and competitive riding scenarios. This view prioritizes critical information, including real-time speed, battery status, component temperatures, riding mode, and specific functions, all arranged for quick reference without diverting attention from the road.

[0045] The speed indicator 501 occupies a central position in the view, prominently displaying the current speed in kilometers per hour (km / h). Positioned below the speed indicator 501 are the elapsed riding time 502 and the total distance traveled 503, allowing the rider to track both time and distance at a glance, which is particularly useful during races or timed events. The battery level indicator 504, located in the upper left section of the view, provides a clear visual representation of the remaining battery charge as a percentage, enabling the rider to monitor energy reserves efficiently. Below the battery level indicator 504 is a component temperaturepanel showing individual readings for each of the critical components, including temperature indicators for each of the battery 505, BMS 506, controller module 507, and motor 508. In this example, each component's temperature is displayed in degrees Celsius, with color-coded labels to signify each component type (e.g., “CELL” in yellow, “BMS” in green, “CONTR” in gray, and “MOTOR” in red). The use of color-coding aids quick recognition, allowing the rider to identify potential overheating issues rapidly and adjust riding behavior to prevent component stress or failure.

[0046] This innovative approach enhances situational awareness by enabling the rider to quickly identify one or more potential overheating components rather than relying on generalized data. The color-coding system plays a crucial role in ensuring quick recognition of critical information, reducing cognitive load on the rider during high-performance or technical riding scenarios. For example, if the motor's temperature is approaching a critical threshold, the red label immediately alerts the rider to potential stress or failure. This level of detail allows the rider to adjust their riding behavior, such as reducing throttle intensity or pausing to cool the system, thereby preventing long-term damage or unexpected breakdowns. Based on this arrangement, the system 100 not only provides more actionable insights but also increases rider confidence and control. The ability to monitor and respond to specific component conditions represents a significant improvement in how electric-powered cycles handle real-time diagnostics.

[0047] In the upper right corner of the “Race” view 500, indicators for the gear mode 509 and headlight status indicator 509 are displayed. Similar to the previous views, a gear mode indicator 510 is provided for indicating the vehicle in “RIDE” mode or “N” (neutral) gear mode. Below this, the ride mode indicator 511 displays "Mode 4", indicating a specific performance setting that can be tailored for racing conditions, allowing for quick adjustments based on terrain or speed requirements. Additionally, the Race view 500 also includes a function status indicator area located in the lower right quadrant of the display. In this instance, a function indicator 512 showing that the "Speed Limit" feature is currently selected, with function status 513 indicated as "ON". This setting may be adjusted depending on track requirements or safety conditions, giving the rider immediate feedback on speed limitationsduring the race. As shown in Fig. 5C, an error or alert message 514 may be displayed at the upper right quadrant of the interface to indicate any detected error.

[0048] The overall layout of the “Race" view 500 is organized to facilitate rapid data interpretation, with high-priority metrics such as speed, battery level, and component temperatures readily accessible within the rider's line of sight. This arrangement allows the rider to make informed decisions in real-time, maintaining both safety and optimal performance during high-speed riding. The "Race" view 500 emphasizes clarity, precision, and ease of access to key performance data, supporting riders in competitive or high-intensity situations where split-second decisions are essential.

[0049] The "Lap Timer" view 600, as illustrated in Fig. 6A to Fig. 6B, is tailored for lap-based performance monitoring, contrasting with the "Race" view 500, which prioritizes high-speed metrics for competitive riding. The "Lap Timer" view 600 focuses on tracking lap times, progress, and comparisons, making it ideal for riders seeking detailed performance analysis over multiple laps. One distinguishing feature of the "Lap Timer" view is a border 601 that changes appearance, i.e., different colors, to indicate the status of the lap timer, adopting a first visual pattern (shown in Fig. 6A) when the timer is active and a second (shown in Fig. 6B) when stopped. This feature provides the rider with a quick reference for timing status, supporting precise lap tracking during races or time trials — functionality not present in the "Race" view 500.

[0050] The "Lap Timer" view 600 places particular emphasis on timing data and lap comparisons. At the top center, a "DELTA" indicator 602 displays the time difference from the best lap, while a lap counter 603 shows the current lap number, helping the rider assess performance improvements or setbacks. A "LAP TIME" panel on the bottom right includes the current lap time 605, best lap time 606, and previous lap time 607, enabling quick comparisons to monitor consistency across laps. Another difference is the layout of cumulative metrics. In the "Lap Timer" view 600, cumulative ride data such as total elapsed time 608 and distance traveled 609 are displayed at the upper right panel, providing context for overall endurance and ride progression, which is valuable for evaluating total performance over multiple laps.

[0051] Similar to the "Race" view 500, the "Lap Timer" view 600 also displays essential operational metrics, including a battery level indicator 610 and component temperatures panel showing temperatures indicators, namely, battery 611, BMS 612, controller 613, and motor 614. Advantageously, these indicators are presented alongside lap-focused data to give the rider comprehensive insight into both performance and system status. The "Lap Timer" view 600 is distinct from the "Race" view 500 in its focus on lap timing and progress. By providing a structured layout that includes lap-specific data, delta comparisons, and cumulative ride metrics, the "Lap Timer" view 600 supports riders aiming to refine their lap times and track performance consistency across multiple circuits.

[0052] In an embodiment, the system provides a "Trip Info" display interface 700 which indicates a comprehensive summary of key metrics related to the rider's journey, displayed in an organized format for easy review, as illustrated in Fig. 7. This interface 700 includes essential data such as average speed 701 and peak speed 702 achieved during the trip, allowing the rider to assess overall performance. It also shows battery usage 703 (in kWh) and peak power output 704, giving insights into energy consumption and peak demands placed on the system. Additionally, the display records trip time 705 and trip distance 706 traveled, offering a complete overview of the trip duration and mileage. This summary view allows riders to monitor their energy efficiency, speed, and overall performance, enabling them to optimize future rides based on historical data.

[0053] In embodiments, the system may incorporate warning messages and alert messages to ensure the rider is informed of critical operational statuses of the electric-powered cycle in real time. These features enhance safety and provide immediate feedback on the system's performance under various conditions. For instance, warning messages are designed to alert the rider when specific operational parameters, such as motor temperature, controller temperature, or battery temperature, approach or exceed factory-preset thresholds. These messages require immediate attention and manual acknowledgment from the rider to proceed. Upon triggering, a warning message appears prominently on the display interface, often occupying a significant portion of the screen to ensure visibility.For example, if the motor or controller temperature surpasses the predefined limit, a warning message, such as "Motor Temperature High," will appear on the screen. In a similar example, as illustrated in Fig. 8 A, a warning 801 for low battery levels may display "Battery Low - 10%" to prompt the rider to address the issue. These messages persist on the screen until the rider confirms acknowledgment by actuating a designated input, for instance, a menu button, through the user-operated controller. Failure to confirm acknowledgment will keep the warning message displayed, ensuring the rider is aware of the critical condition. For instance, in some cases, even after acknowledgment, a flashing small “caution” symbol may be remained visible on the display interface to remind the rider of the ongoing condition. This feature can ensure that critical parameters remain monitored throughout the ride and provide a constant visual reference for the rider to take appropriate action if necessary.

[0054] Alert messages, in contrast, serve as non-critical notifications to inform the rider of operational conditions that approach predefined user-set limits. For example, Fig. 8B illustrates an alert message 802 on battery temperature approaching a preset limit. These messages are intended to provide flexibility and proactive feedback without interfering with the primary display interface once acknowledged. Unlike warning messages, alerts are temporary and disappear after acknowledgment, ensuring the rider's view remains uncluttered.

[0055] For instance, the rider can configure the system to trigger an alert when the battery temperature approaches a user-defined threshold, such as 85°C, or when the remaining battery level drops below 15%. Upon reaching these conditions, an alert message will be displayed. The alert appears briefly on the screen, and once the rider confirms it by pressing a designated button or similar input, the alert message can be dismissed without leaving a persistent icon on the display. This functionality allows riders to set custom thresholds that suit their preferences or specific riding conditions. Alerts provide valuable feedback, enabling the rider to take precautionary measures, such as reducing motor load or preparing for a battery recharge, without demanding immediate intervention.

[0056] The warning and alert message are tightly integrated into the overall control andmanagement system of the electric-powered cycle. The system continuously monitors key parameters such as temperature, battery charge, and power output in real time. When thresholds are reached, the display interface dynamically switches to show the relevant message. In both cases, user input is required to confirm acknowledgment, ensuring that the rider is always informed of critical or impending conditions. The distinction between warning messages and alert messages ensures that the rider receives information proportional to the severity of the condition. While warnings demand immediate attention and remain persistent, alerts offer a more flexible approach by providing temporary notifications without overburdening the display interface. This dual messaging system enhances the safety, usability, and customization of the electric-powered cycle, empowering riders with real-time feedback to make informed decisions during operation.

[0057] As illustrated in Fig. 9, the view switching interface 900 allows the rider to switch seamlessly between multiple views, such as "Precision," "Performance," "Race," and "Lap Timer" views, each tailored to specific riding scenarios. By unitizing the user-operated controller, the rider can cycle through these views to access the most relevant information for their current needs. Each view presents a unique set of metrics and controls, from high-speed data in the "Race" view 500 to detailed lap timing in the "Lap Timer" view 600, enabling the rider to customize their display interface based on real-time requirements and preferences, thereby enhancing situational awareness and control.

[0058] Illustrated in Fig. 10A and Fig. 10B is an embodiment of the user-operated controller 102 according to the present invention. This compact, ergonomic module is designed for seamless integration onto the handlebar of an electric-powered dirt bike, enabling the rider to control various ride functions with minimal effort and distraction. The user-operated controller 102 consists of a multi-functional housing that accommodates a customizable trigger lever and multiple press buttons, allowing the rider to intuitively manage functions and settings without releasing their grip on the handlebar. The ergonomic design ensures all control elements are within easy reach, supporting efficient operation and enhancing the rider’s stability and focus. The user-operated controller can provide effortless navigation through the display interface and enables a range of functionalities with the trigger lever customizable for various tasks, such asvarying the level regenerative braking, controlling an electronic clutch, or feature selection or activation, etc.

[0059] Specifically, as shown in Fig. 10A, the user-operated controller 102 includes a trigger lever mechanism having a trigger-based actuator 11 designed for direct access by the rider’s index finger. This customizable actuator 11 may be configured to enable precise management of various functions, such as throttle modulation, electronic clutch and regenerative braking, based on input position or pressure applied by the rider’s index finger. For instance, the user operated controller 102 may detect and interpret the continuous position of the trigger lever 11 using an analog signal processing system, which converts lever movement into a full range of analog signals. Unlike binary systems that only register "on" and "off" states, this analog based actuator 11 captures fine variations in trigger position, providing proportional control over the output functions. As a result, this proportional control capability allows for smooth, incremental adjustments in response to varying degrees of pressure applied by the rider. For example, when the trigger lever 11 may be used for varying the levels of regenerative braking, the rider can modulate braking intensity by adjusting pressure exerting on the trigger lever 11. This results in enhanced responsiveness, supporting smooth adjustments to acceleration and braking, tailored to specific riding conditions for a more comfortable and adaptive interface. Positioned for easy access to the rider’s index finger, the trigger lever 11 enables intuitive operation with minimal hand movement, allowing the rider to maintain a stable grip on the handlebar. This ergonomic configuration ensures quick and responsive adjustments to control parameters without compromising grip stability, thus enhancing both safety and control of the vehicle.

[0060] In addition to the trigger lever 11 , the user-operated controller includes multiple buttons 12 that provide enhanced navigation and control over the system interface. These buttons 12 may be strategically positioned for easy access by the rider’s thumb which allow the rider to make quick adjustments or selections without needing to let go of the handlebars. Preferably, each button 12 delivers tactile feedback for reliable activation during dynamic riding conditions. The buttons 12 allow the rider to navigate the system interface, selecting options like display views, ride modes, functions features and other settings displayed on the displayunit 103. For instance, using the first 12a and second 12b buttons denoted by upward and downward pointing arrows, the rider can switch between display interfaces (i.e., views), activate or deactivate specific functions. A third button 12c may be provided for confirming selection or quick access to a preset functionality, or call up a menu. The buttons arrangement enables riders to adjust settings in on the fly for adapting the vehicle’s operations to changing conditions.

[0061] For instance, each button 12 may be mapped to specific functions or shortcuts, providing a customizable user experience. In some embodiments, the buttons 12 may support multiple functions based on press duration, for instance, a short press may adjust a setting and a long press opens a menu. This layered functionality maximizes the controller’s versatility without overwhelming the rider with excessive controls. Integrated with the controller module 101, the user-operated controller 102 enables rapid communication with the display unit 103 and other system components. This setup ensures that user commands are executed promptly, with minimal delay, enhancing the overall user experience. Built for durability, buttons 12 may be designed to be ingression proof and withstand repeated use and exposure to environmental elements. Together, the trigger lever 11 and the buttons 12 create a cohesive interface which allows the rider to access a wide range of settings and system information while focusing on the road, enhancing both safety and control.

[0062] The user-operated controller’s housing 13 may be contoured for ergonomics with rounded edges for a streamlined appearance. The integrated clamp device 14 provides stability, ensuring the user-operated controller 102 remains secure on the handlebar 10 of the vehicle during operation. The compact, rugged housing 13 may be weather- and vibration-resistant, making it ideal for off-road and high-performance use. Connected to the controller module 101 , the user-operated controller 102 allows the rider to dynamically adjust response based on realtime conditions and user inputs.

[0063] According to embodiments of the present invention, the variable input of the trigger lever 11 may be configured to enable precise control over braking force, torque output, or other operation parameters. For instance, with the regenerative braking feature activated, increasingpressure on the trigger lever 11 activates variable regenerative braking, allowing the system 100 to convert kinetic energy to battery power according to varying levels. In an embodiment, with the electronic clutch feature activated, the trigger lever 11 may be configured to function as a clutch lever, managing torque distribution with precise control and mimicking a conventional mechanical clutch in motorbikes. With the user-operated controller 102 integrated with the display interface, each function is activatable by the user-operated controller 102 in real time. For example, when regenerative braking is engaged via the trigger lever 11, the display interface shows real-time feedback and statistics on regenerative power captured. Similarly, other active function features such as “Boost Mode” or “Traction Control” may also be indicated on the display interface for providing immediate visual confirmation of the rider’s inputs.

[0064] According to an embodiment, the trigger lever 11 of the user-operated controller 102 may be designed with user-definable or programmable controls, which can be set by the user or the system 100 according to specific ride functions or user preferences. In its default configuration, the trigger lever 11 is biased to return automatically to this preset position for ensuring a consistent starting point for each operation. This biasing mechanism provides tactile feedback for the rider to quickly identify the neutral or default position by feel, facilitating seamless operation without the need for visual confirmation. The customization of the useroperated controller 102, including adjustments to the trigger lever’s sensitivity and assigned functions, which can be configured through a mobile phone application. The application may be connectable to the system either wirelessly via Bluetooth or through a wired connection, allowing the rider to tailor the controller settings to their preferences or specific riding conditions. Through the app, the user can set parameters such as the proportional response curve of the trigger lever 11 (e.g., linear or non-linear) and define controls for different functions for one or more of the buttons 12. This connectivity enables customizability which provides the rider with a flexible, personalized control experience and making it easier to adapt the system’s functionality to various terrains and performance demands.

[0065] Configured to provide variable input, the trigger lever 11 allows the rider to continuously adjust one or more operational parameters of the vehicle by changing the lever’sposition. This variability enables the rider to manage functions such as throttle modulation, regenerative braking intensity, or torque control with great precision. As the position of the trigger lever 11 changes, the system dynamically interprets this input to adjust the selected parameter, allowing for real-time fine-tuning during the ride. The degree of adjustment is not limited to a simple on / off binary input, rather, it provides a continuous range of control that can be tailored to the rider’s needs and the demands of the terrain.

[0066] The relationship between the trigger lever’s position and the corresponding operational parameter can be configured to be either linearly or non-linearly proportional. For instance, in a linear configuration, a consistent increase in lever displacement would result in a proportional increase in braking force or throttle response, providing a straightforward and predictable control feel. In contrast, a non-linear configuration could be set to gradually intensify the response as the trigger is pulled further, enabling softer initial engagement that ramps up at higher lever positions. This non-linear setting may be beneficial for delicate functions, such as regenerative braking, where a gradual increase in braking force is preferred at the start of engagement, or for scenarios where finer control is necessary at certain points of the trigger range.

[0067] These programmable and variable settings for the trigger lever 11 enable a highly customizable and responsive user experience, allowing the rider to personalize how the vehicle responds to input, adapting the control scheme for different riding styles or environmental conditions. This dynamic variability in the trigger lever function enhances the rider’s ability to modulate critical performance factors smoothly and intuitively, contributing to an optimized, adaptable ride experience. Each function may be accessed through specific button sequences or sustained inputs, providing an intuitive interface for efficient control. For instance, transitioning between "Neutral" and "Ride" modes can be achieved through straightforward actions by selecting "Ride" mode to initiate riding. In operation, "Ride" mode may be activated by briefly pressing both directional buttons simultaneously. To conclude the ride, the same buttons are pressed for a longer duration, switching the system back to "Neutral" mode. In "Neutral" mode, the rider can access trip information and bike details without engaging the motor, making it ideal for reviewing statistics before or after a ride. This setup provides smoothtransitions between operational states, prioritizing safety and convenience for the rider.

[0068] In an embodiment, operational restrictions may be imposed in specific modes to prevent unintended actions. For instance, modifications to power mode and reverse mode are confined to “Neutral” mode, reducing the risk of accidental adjustments during active riding. Additionally, while trip data can be accessed across most display views, certain views, such as “Lap Timer,” limit access to trip information, maintaining focus on timing functions. This structured design enables the rider to intuitively access all necessary functions and data while ensuring that critical safety features and restrictions are integrated into the operational flow. These examples merely illustrate how the user-operated controller may be programmed to facilitate operation, and the controller’s functionality is not limited by the specific descriptions provided. Other configurations and sequences may be implemented without departing from the scope of the invention.

[0069] As mentioned in the foregoing, the control and management system 100 offers a range of advanced ride features that enhance the rider’s experience and performance capabilities, each integrated seamlessly with the user-operated controller and visible through various display views. One such feature is the “Regenerative Brake”, which utilizes the trigger lever 11 to allow variable input for precise braking control. By applying different pressures on the trigger lever 11, the rider can modulate the level of regenerative braking, converting kinetic energy back into battery power with each deceleration. This variable input not only improves braking efficiency but also provides smooth, adaptable braking control, particularly beneficial on downhill or technical terrain. In some embodiments, the display interface provides real-time feedback on the regenerative power captured, allowing the rider to actively monitor energy recovery and manage battery efficiency.

[0070] In an embodiment, the system 100 provides an “E-Clutch” feature. Similarly, “E-Clutch” feature leverages the trigger lever’s variable input to control torque output in real-time, simulating the traditional engagement point and friction zone of a mechanical clutch for finetuned power management. By adjusting the trigger position, the rider can precisely modulate the torque delivered to the drivetrain, achieving smooth engagement and controlleddisengagement as the system replicates the gradual transition within a conventional clutch’s friction zone. This allows for smoother transitions and enhanced handling, particularly in complex riding conditions where subtle power adjustments are essential. The E-Clutch feature enables the rider to engage or disengage power with precision, making it easier to navigate obstacles or adapt to terrain changes with nuanced control. Optionally, the E-Clutch function status, along with torque levels, may be indicated on the display interface for providing realtime visual feedback that allows the rider to make adjustments as needed, thereby optimizing control over the bike’s performance through the intuitive input of the trigger lever 11.

[0071] In an embodiment, the system 100 may include a “Wheelie” feature that further leverages a built-in angle sensor, which may include a 6-axis gyroscope and a level sensor embedded in the controller module 101, to assist the rider to perform controlled wheelies. A wheelie, or wheelstand is a vehicle maneuver which the front wheel come off the ground due to sufficient torque being applied to the rear wheel or rider motion relative to the vehicle. This feature allows the rider to apply full throttle using the trigger lever, while the system 100 automatically regulates regenerative braking and throttle inputs to maintain a stable front wheel lift angle. When activated, the system 100 uses continuous data from the angle sensor to monitor the tilt angle, adjusting throttle levels to ensure that the front wheel does not exceed a predefined angle. This feature provides riders with a seamless, controlled wheelie experience, requiring only that they focus on side-to-side balance without worrying about throttle modulation. In some embodiments, the display interface can be configured to show real-time angle adjustments, giving the rider visual confirmation of the wheelie angle, further enhancing confidence and control.

[0072] According to an embodiment, the feature “Boost” offers a quick burst of additional power, and can be accessible through operating the trigger lever 11 for rapid response. This feature is particularly useful in situations where the rider needs a sudden increase in power, such as navigating uphill trails or accelerating through open sections. With the Boost function activated, the rider can instantly and temporarily increase power output by simply engaging the trigger lever 11 without changing power mode. The ability to quickly toggle the Boost feature on or off through the trigger lever 11 ensures that power adjustments are both accessible andintuitive, supporting dynamic riding styles with ease.

[0073] For controlled riding environments, the “Speed Limit” feature allows the rider to set a maximum speed, ensuring the bike does not exceed a preset threshold. This feature is particularly beneficial for safe riding in regulated areas. The trigger lever 11 or any of the buttons on the user-operated controller may enable simple on / off control over the Speed Limit function, providing the rider with the flexibility to toggle the restriction as needed. When Speed Limit is activated, the display interface indicates this function status. The speed limiting function can be essential for adherence to local restrictions or specific riding conditions.

[0074] “TCS” (Traction Control) is a feature that utilizes speed sensors on both the front and rear wheels to monitor and manage wheel slip, actively adjusting power distribution based on real-time feedback. This feature is ideal for maintaining stability on loose or slippery surfaces, where traction is crucial. Advantageously, the trigger lever 11 enables quick activation or deactivation of TCS, allowing the rider to respond to varying terrain conditions instantly. When engaged, the system 100 continuously monitors the relative wheel speeds, adjusting power delivery to reduce rear wheel slip. Together, these function features, i.e., each enhanced by the trigger lever’s variable or on / off input, provide the rider with versatile control over essential ride parameters.

[0075] In sum, the control and management system integrates a versatile, user-operable controller, a dynamic display interface, and sophisticated processor-driven sensors. These elements collectively empower riders with a responsive, adaptable control experience, promoting safe, efficient, and enjoyable riding across a variety of electric-powered cycle applications.

[0076] The foregoing description is provided as exemplary embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention. The concepts and features described herein may be applied to other types of electric cycles, including but not limited to e-bikes, electric dirt bikes, electric mopeds, or other similar vehicles. Variations and modifications may be made to the embodiments described above without departing from thescope and spirit of the invention. The proposed invention is adaptable to a wide range of electric-powered cycles, catering to diverse use cases and performance requirements.

[0077] It should be understood that although the specification is described in terms of embodiments, not every embodiment includes only a single technical solution. This description of the specification is merely for the sake of clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in the embodiments can also be combined appropriately to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art. However, the protection scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description, and it is therefore intended that all changes that fall within the meaning and scope of equivalency of the claims are included in the present invention and any reference signs in the claims should not be regarded as limiting the involved claims.

Claims

What is Claimed is1. A control and management system for an electric-powered cycle, the system comprising:a controller module configured to control power delivery to a motor;a user-operable controller configured to generate an input signal based on user input, the user-operable controller being operatively connected to the controller module and comprising a bigger-based mechanism, wherein varying actuation of the trigger-based mechanism is configured to adjust one or more operational parameters of the electric-powered cycle;a display interface operatively connected to the controller module, the display interface being configured to present real-time information related to operational statuses of the electric-powered cycle in a plurality of predefined visual format;wherein the trigger-based mechanism comprises a digger lever configured to proportionally vary the one or more operational parameters in response to degree of movement of the trigger lever.

2. The system of claim 1, wherein the digger lever is pivotally mounted to the user-operable controller, and is configured to be actuated through angular movement by the index finger of a user.

3. The system of claim 2, wherein the trigger-based mechanism generates a continuous analog signal corresponding to the trigger lever position to enable proportional adjustment of operational parameters.

4. The system of claim 3, wherein a default position of the digger lever is programmable by the system to correspond to a specific operational parameter threshold.

5. The system according to any of preceding claims, wherein the operational parameters adjustable by the trigger lever include at least one of throttle modulation, regenerative braking intensity, or torque output.

6. The system according to any of preceding claims, wherein the user-operable controller is configured to activate a wheelie control mode, the wheelie control mode utilizing a gyroscope and level sensor to limit the lift angle of a front wheel based on predefined thresholds.

7. The system according to any of preceding claims, wherein the user-operable controller is configured for providing an electronic clutch feature where torque output is controlled in response to user input on the trigger lever.

8. The system according to any of preceding claims, further comprising a speed-limiting feature operable through the controller, the speed-limiting feature configured to restrict the maximum speed of the electric-powered cycle based on preset values.

9. The system according to any of preceding claims, wherein the user-operable controller is further configured to activate a boost feature through the trigger mechanism for temporarily increasing power output.

10. The system according to any of preceding claims, wherein the user-operable controller is further configured to activate a traction control feature through the trigger mechanism, wherein the controller module is configured to adjust power distribution to prevent wheel slip by comparing rotational speeds of multiple wheels.

11. The system according to any of preceding claims, wherein the display interface is further configured to present customizable real-time data views to enable monitoring of one or more operational parameters selected from the group including speed, battery status, power level, and ride mode.

12. The system of claim 11, wherein the display interface is further configured to provide notifications regarding system diagnostics, including warnings or alerts for low battery levels, overheating, or maintenance requirements.

13. The system according to any of preceding claims, wherein the warnings or alerts are presented as visual symbols or full-screen notifications to draw the rider’s attention to critical conditions.

14. The system according to any of preceding claims, wherein the user-operated controller is programmable via a mobile application connected to the system through a wired or wireless interface.

15. The system of claim 14, wherein the operational parameters and displayed metrics on the display interface are customizable through the connected mobile application.

16. The system according to any of preceding claims, wherein a housing of the useroperated controller is configured for attaching to a handlebar of the electric powered cycle.

17. The system according to any of preceding claims, wherein the display interface is configured to present real-time information related to operational parameters of the electric-powered cycle in a plurality of predefined viewing modes.

18. The system according to any of preceding claims, wherein the display interface is further configured to present real-time feedback corresponding to user inputs from the user-operable controller, including changes to throttle input, regenerative braking intensity, or ride modes.

19. The system according to any of preceding claims, wherein the display interface is configured to provide a trip summary view that includes total distance travelled, average speed, peak speed, and energy consumption.

20. The system according to any of preceding claims, wherein the display interface is configured to visually indicate warnings or alerts related to predefined operational conditions through flashing icons or animations.

21. The system according to any of preceding claims, wherein the display interface is further configured to display a power indicator showing the power output level and regenerative power level as a continuous bar and corresponding numerical value.

22. The system according to any of preceding claims, wherein the display interface indicates a continuous bar indicator for that spans the width of the display, the bar indicator represents both power output level and regenerative braking level.

23. The system according to any of preceding claims, wherein the display interface is configured to display component temperatures, including those of the battery, the motor, and the controller module, presented as both numerical values and visual indicators.

24. The system according to any of preceding claims, wherein the display interface includes a dedicated alert section for real-time warnings related to overheating, low battery, or system faults.

25. The system according to any of preceding claims, wherein the display interface is configured to prioritize speed and lap timing metrics, including real-time speed, elapsed lap time, and lap delta time.

26. The system according to any of preceding claims, wherein the display interface is configured to display lap performance indicators, such as best lap time and previous lap time, for comparison during competitive riding.

27. The system of claim 26, wherein the display interface includes a border indicator that dynamically changes based on the status of a lap timer being started or stopped.

28. The system according to any of preceding claims, wherein the display interface is configured to highlight delta comparisons between a current lap and a best lap to track performance improvements.

29. The system according to any of preceding claims, wherein the display interface includes a view selection mechanism, operable through buttons on the user-operable controller, to switch between display views for different emphasize of metrics.

30. A user-operated controller for varying one or more operational parameters of an electric-powered cycle, comprising:a housing configured for attachment to a handlebar;a trigger lever pivotally mounted on the housing and biased to a default position, wherein the trigger lever is configured to provide variable input through angular movement;one or more buttons positioned on the housing for selecting functions or settings; and a processing unit configured to interpret input from the trigger lever and the one or more buttons and vary the one or more operational parameters of the electric-powered cycle based on variable input.

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