Display module, ar device and head-mounted smart device
Patent Information
- Application Number
- PCT/CN2025/145183
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Priority Date
- 2025-02-21
- Filing Date
- 2025-12-24
- Publication Date
- 2026-08-27
Smart Images
Figure CN2025145183_27082026_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
A display module, an AR device, and a head-mounted smart device
[0001] This application claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 202510200619.5, filed with the State Intellectual Property Office of China on February 21, 2025, entitled "A Display Module, AR Device and Head-Mounted Smart Device", the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field
[0002] This application relates to the field of optical technology, and more particularly to a display module, an AR device, and a head-mounted smart device. Background Technology
[0003] Augmented Reality (AR) technology combines virtual information with the real environment. By integrating virtual elements into the real environment, it allows users to interact with these virtual elements, enhancing perception and experience. Users can immerse themselves in this virtual environment by wearing AR devices (such as AR glasses, AR helmets, etc.). Moreover, the higher the quality of the virtual image presented by the AR device, the more realistic the virtual environment, thus providing users with a stronger sense of immersion.
[0004] Geometric waveguides are commonly used to realize thin and light AR devices, enabling eyebox expansion with a compact structure. However, in traditional geometric waveguide designs, in order to ensure uniform illumination within the eyebox and a sufficiently large eyebox space, the reflectivity of the semi-reflective mirror near the display source component in the waveguide sheet needs to be designed to be relatively small. This undoubtedly leads to lower light energy utilization in the AR device, resulting in faster battery consumption, shorter battery life, and reduced ease of use.
[0005] Therefore, how to simultaneously achieve high illumination uniformity, high light energy utilization, and a large eyebox space for AR devices has become an urgent technical problem to be solved. Summary of the Invention
[0006] This application provides a display module, an AR device, and a head-mounted smart device to solve the problem that AR devices in related technologies cannot simultaneously meet the requirements of high illumination uniformity, high light energy utilization, and a large eye box space.
[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the embodiments of this application adopt the following technical solutions:
[0008] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a display module, including a display source component, an optical waveguide component, and a lens component. The optical waveguide component includes a first optical waveguide sheet and a second optical waveguide sheet stacked together. The light-emitting surface of the display source component is disposed opposite to the side surfaces of the first and second optical waveguide sheets. The lens component includes a first semi-reflective lens disposed within the first optical waveguide sheet and a second semi-reflective lens disposed within the second optical waveguide sheet. The projection of the first semi-reflective lens onto the second optical waveguide sheet is offset from that of the second semi-reflective lens.
[0009] This embodiment of the application uses a first and second optical waveguide sheet arranged in a stacked configuration. The light-emitting surface of the display source component is positioned opposite to the sides of the first and second optical waveguide sheets. Therefore, the light emitted by the display source component can be coupled into and propagated within the first and second optical waveguide sheets respectively. Furthermore, this embodiment uses a first semi-reflective lens within the first optical waveguide sheet and a second semi-reflective lens within the second optical waveguide sheet. Light from the first optical waveguide sheet can be reflected into the user's eye by the first semi-reflective lens, and light from the second optical waveguide sheet can be reflected into the user's eye by the second semi-reflective lens. Since the projection of the first semi-reflective lens onto the second optical waveguide sheet is offset from the second semi-reflective lens, the eyebox presented to the user is the combined area of the semi-reflective lenses within the two optical waveguide sheets. This ensures a larger eyebox space. In addition, since the number of semi-reflective lenses in the two optical waveguides is relatively small, the light energy utilization rate of the AR device can be improved while ensuring high illumination uniformity.
[0010] In one possible implementation of the first aspect, a plurality of first semi-reflective lenses are provided, and the plurality of first semi-reflective lenses are spaced apart along a first direction; the projection of the first semi-reflective lens onto the second optical waveguide is a first projection, and the projection of the second semi-reflective lens onto the second optical waveguide is a second projection, and the first direction is the arrangement direction of the first projection and the second projection.
[0011] Since multiple first semi-reflective lenses spaced apart along the first direction can both reflect and transmit light, when light propagates within the first optical waveguide, it is sequentially acted upon by each of the first semi-reflective lenses. Each action changes the direction and intensity of light propagation. This allows for more precise control of the light, ensuring it travels along a specific path and ultimately reaches the eye more effectively. Furthermore, arranging multiple first semi-reflective lenses spaced apart along the first direction provides a larger exit surface during reflection. Compared to a concentrated arrangement, this increases the eye chamber space of the first optical waveguide, thereby improving the user experience.
[0012] In one possible implementation of the first aspect, along the first direction, the distance from the second semi-reflective lens to the adjacent first semi-reflective lens is equal to the distance between two adjacent first semi-reflective lenses.
[0013] In this way, it can be ensured that the eyebox of the first optical waveguide and the splicing area of the eyebox of the first optical waveguide and the second optical waveguide can reflect and transmit relatively evenly. This avoids the phenomenon of concentrated or sparse light appearing in the user's eyes due to the unequal distance between the second semi-reflective lens and the adjacent first semi-reflective lens, and the unequal distance between the second semi-reflective lens and the two adjacent first semi-reflective lenses. This makes the presented virtual image more uniform in brightness and color, avoiding problems such as local over-brightness or under-brightness, color deviation, etc.
[0014] In one possible implementation of the first aspect, a plurality of second half-reflective lenses are provided, and the plurality of second half-reflective lenses are spaced apart along a first direction; the projection of the first half-reflective lens onto the second optical waveguide is a first projection, and the projection of the second half-reflective lens onto the second optical waveguide is a second projection, and the first direction is the arrangement direction of the first projection and the second projection.
[0015] Thus, the multiple second half-reflective lenses spaced apart along the first direction can both reflect and transmit light. When light propagates within the second waveguide, it is sequentially acted upon by each of the second half-reflective lenses, with each action altering the direction and intensity of light propagation. This allows for more precise control of the light, ensuring it travels along a specific path and ultimately reaches the eye more effectively. Furthermore, the spaced arrangement of multiple first half-reflective lenses along the first direction provides a larger exit surface during reflection, increasing the eye chamber space of the second waveguide compared to a concentrated arrangement, thereby improving the user experience.
[0016] In one possible implementation of the first aspect, along the first direction, the distance from the second semi-reflective lens to the adjacent first semi-reflective lens is equal to the distance between two adjacent second semi-reflective lenses.
[0017] In this way, it can be ensured that the eyebox of the second optical waveguide and the splicing area between the second optical waveguide and the eyebox of the first optical waveguide can reflect and transmit relatively evenly. This avoids the phenomenon of concentrated or sparse light appearing in the user's eyes due to unequal distances between the second semi-reflective lens and the adjacent first semi-reflective lens, and between the second and two adjacent second semi-reflective lenses. As a result, the presented virtual image is more uniform in brightness and color, avoiding problems such as local over-brightness or under-brightness, and color deviation.
[0018] In one possible implementation of the first aspect, the optical waveguide assembly further includes a third optical waveguide sheet stacked with the first and second optical waveguide sheets, with the light-emitting surface of the display source assembly facing the side of the third optical waveguide sheet. The lens assembly further includes a third semi-reflective lens disposed within the third optical waveguide sheet. The projection of the third semi-reflective lens onto the second optical waveguide sheet is offset from that of the second semi-reflective lens, and the projection of the third semi-reflective lens onto the second optical waveguide sheet is also offset from that of the first semi-reflective lens onto the second optical waveguide sheet. Thus, the eye-box space presented to the user is the combined area of the semi-reflective lenses within the three optical waveguide sheets, thereby ensuring a further expansion of the eye-box space and improving the user experience.
[0019] In one possible implementation of the first aspect, along a first direction, the distance from the first semi-reflective lens to the adjacent second semi-reflective lens is equal to the distance from the second semi-reflective lens to the adjacent third semi-reflective lens. The projection of the first semi-reflective lens onto the second optical waveguide is a first projection, and the projection of the second semi-reflective lens onto the second optical waveguide is a second projection. The first direction is the arrangement direction of the first and second projections. This ensures that the eyebox of the second optical waveguide and the area where the second and first optical waveguides are joined, as well as the area where the eyeboxes of the second and third optical waveguides are joined, can uniformly reflect and transmit light. This avoids the phenomenon of concentrated or sparse light appearing to the user, ensuring that the presented virtual image is more uniform in brightness and color, thus improving the user experience.
[0020] In one possible implementation of the first aspect, the display module further includes an optical lens group disposed on the light-emitting side of the display source component and located on the light-incident side of the optical waveguide component. The optical lens group is adapted to couple the light emitted from the display source component to the first optical waveguide and the second optical waveguide, respectively. Thus, by designing the parameters and structure of the optical lens group, the light emitted from the display source component can be precisely guided and controlled to improve the coupling efficiency of the light, reduce light loss during transmission, thereby enhancing the brightness and contrast of the display module and improving the display effect.
[0021] In one possible implementation of the first aspect, the display source assembly includes a single display source, with an optical lens group disposed on the light-emitting side of the single display source and located on the light-incident side of the optical waveguide assembly. Thus, using a single display source instead of multiple display sources reduces the number of display sources in the display module, simplifying the overall structure of the display source assembly. This not only reduces the complexity of the display source assembly but also reduces the design difficulty and cost associated with wiring and driving circuits from multiple display sources, and lowers the energy consumption of the display source assembly. Furthermore, the space occupied by a single display source is significantly smaller than that of multiple display sources, which is crucial for space-constrained AR devices. This compact structural design allows AR devices to be lighter and smaller, improving product portability and user comfort.
[0022] In one possible implementation of the first aspect, the display source assembly includes a first display source and a second display source; the optical lens group includes a first optical lens group and a second optical lens group, the first optical lens group being disposed on the light-emitting side of the first display source and on the side of the first optical waveguide, the first optical lens group being adapted to couple the light emitted from the first display source into the first optical waveguide; the second optical lens group being disposed on the light-emitting side of the second display source and on the side of the second optical waveguide, the second optical lens group being adapted to couple the light emitted from the second display source into the second optical waveguide.
[0023] In this way, the two independent display sources (i.e., the first display source and the second display source) can work simultaneously, each emitting light. This effectively improves the brightness of the entire display module, ensuring clear visibility even in bright environments. Furthermore, by setting two independent display sources located on the light-incident sides of the first and second optical waveguides respectively, the first and second display sources can be installed separately during installation. Compared to using a single display source, there is no need to consider whether the light emitted from a single display source can simultaneously couple into both optical waveguides, thereby reducing installation complexity and improving production efficiency.
[0024] In one possible implementation of the first aspect, the difference between the transmittance of any first half-lens in the first optical waveguide and the transmittance of any second half-lens in the second optical waveguide is less than 15%.
[0025] It is understandable that in a display module, the optical waveguide uses a semi-reflective mirror to reflect and transmit light multiple times to achieve image propagation and display. If the transmittance difference between the semi-reflective mirrors in the first and second optical waveguides is too large, the intensity of external light transmitted through the two waveguides (i.e., the first and second waveguides) to the user's eye will be inconsistent, resulting in uneven brightness in the displayed image. This embodiment of the application, by ensuring that the transmittance difference is less than 15%, effectively guarantees that the intensity of the light emitted after passing through the two waveguides is relatively similar, thereby making the brightness of the entire display image more uniform and avoiding localized over-brightness or under-brightness.
[0026] In one possible implementation of the first aspect, the reflectivity of different first half-lens in the first optical waveguide is designed to be gradually varied, and the reflectivity of different second half-lens in the second optical waveguide is designed to be gradually varied.
[0027] It is understandable that optical waveguides achieve image propagation and display through multiple reflections and transmissions of light using semi-reflective lenses. If the reflectivity of all the different first semi-reflective lenses in the first optical waveguide is equal, and the reflectivity of all the different second semi-reflective lenses in the second optical waveguide is equal, the light emitted from the display source component will have inconsistent intensity at different eyebox positions after propagation through the two optical waveguides (i.e., the first and second optical waveguides), resulting in uneven brightness in the virtual image display. This application's embodiment, by designing a gradient design for the reflectivity of different first semi-reflective lenses in the first optical waveguide and the different second semi-reflective lenses in the second optical waveguide, enables more uniform brightness of the virtual image at different eyebox positions. All parts of the image can be presented with relatively consistent brightness, making the virtual image more comfortable and natural for the user, and avoiding visual interference caused by excessive brightness differences.
[0028] Secondly, this application provides an AR device that includes the display module described in the first aspect above.
[0029] Thirdly, this application provides a head-mounted smart device, which includes the display module described in the first aspect above.
[0030] It should be noted that the technical effects of the implementation methods of the second and third aspects can be found in the technical effects of the corresponding implementation methods in the first aspect, and will not be repeated here. Attached Figure Description
[0031] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the appearance of a head-mounted smart device provided in an embodiment of this application;
[0032] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a virtual screen presented to a user by an AR device according to an embodiment of this application;
[0033] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a display module of an AR device in related technologies;
[0034] Figure 4 is one of the structural schematic diagrams of a display module provided in an embodiment of this application;
[0035] Figure 5 is a second structural schematic diagram of a display module provided in an embodiment of this application;
[0036] Figure 6 is a third structural schematic diagram of a display module provided in an embodiment of this application;
[0037] Figure 7 is one of the structural schematic diagrams of a display module with a single display source provided in an embodiment of this application;
[0038] Figure 8 is a second schematic diagram of a display module with a single display source provided in an embodiment of this application;
[0039] Figure 9 is a third schematic diagram of a display module with a single display source provided in an embodiment of this application.
[0040] Reference numerals: 100, Display module; 10, Display source assembly; 11, First display source; 12, Second display source; 13, Third display source; 20, Optical waveguide assembly; 201, Coupling entrance; 201A, First coupling entrance; 201B, Second coupling entrance; 201C, Third coupling entrance; 202, Reflection channel; 202A, First reflection channel; 202B, Second reflection channel; 202C, Third reflection channel; 21, First optical waveguide sheet; 22, Second optical waveguide sheet; 23, Third optical waveguide sheet; 30, Semi-reflective mirror assembly; 31, First semi-reflective mirror; 32, Second semi-reflective mirror; 33, Third semi-reflective mirror; 40, Optical lens group; 41, First optical lens group; 42, Second optical lens group; 43, Third optical lens group. Detailed Implementation
[0041] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.
[0042] It should be noted that all directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) in the embodiments of the present invention are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of each component in a certain specific posture (as shown in the figure). If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly.
[0043] The terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this application, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.
[0044] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "connected" and "linked" should be interpreted broadly, for example, as a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances. Furthermore, when describing pipelines, the terms "connected" and "linked" as used in this application have the meaning of establishing electrical connection. The specific meaning needs to be understood in conjunction with the context.
[0045] In the embodiments of this application, the terms "exemplary" or "for example" are used to indicate that something is an example, illustration, or description. Any embodiment or design that is described as "exemplary" or "for example" in the embodiments of this application should not be construed as being more preferred or advantageous than other embodiments or design. Specifically, the use of the terms "exemplary" or "for example" is intended to present the relevant concepts in a specific manner.
[0046] In the description of this specification, specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.
[0047] This application provides a head-mounted smart device, including but not limited to smart glasses, smart helmets, and other electronic devices, which have functions such as audio transmission and image transmission. A head-mounted smart device is a wearable electronic device, primarily worn securely around the user's eyes. For example, Figure 1 shows a schematic diagram of the appearance of a head-mounted smart device. This head-mounted smart device includes, but is not limited to, AR devices (e.g., AR glasses, AR helmets, etc.) and other electronic devices that enable interaction between virtual and real-world scenes.
[0048] In some embodiments, the head-mounted smart device can be worn in a way similar to traditional glasses, supported and fixed to the user's eye area via the ears, nose, or other parts. Specifically, as shown in Figure 1 (1), the smart glasses can be supported and fixed to the user's eye area via the ears, nose, or other parts.
[0049] In other embodiments, the head-mounted smart device can also be worn by attaching it to the user's eye area. Specifically, as shown in Figure 1 (2), the head-mounted smart device can be attached to the user's eye area by attaching it to the user's eye area.
[0050] It is understood that the two head-mounted smart devices shown in Figure 1 are only examples of embodiments of this application. Based on the actual design of head-mounted smart devices, the wearing method (i.e., the way it is fixed in the eye area), appearance, etc. of head-mounted smart devices may be different. Figure 1 of this application embodiment does not constitute any limitation on the wearing method and appearance of head-mounted smart devices.
[0051] For ease of description, this application uses a head-mounted smart device as an example of an AR device.
[0052] Because optical waveguide technology can integrate complex optical systems into a very thin waveguide structure, it significantly reduces the thickness and size of AR devices compared to traditional optical component stacking, making AR devices lighter, smaller, and more comfortable for users to wear. Furthermore, optical waveguides maintain high transparency while transmitting light, allowing users to clearly see their surrounding real environment while viewing virtual images, achieving a natural fusion of virtual and reality and enhancing the realism of the AR experience. Therefore, optical waveguide technology is widely used in AR devices.
[0053] The eyebox, also known as the eye-viewing box, is a crucial parameter for evaluating the performance of AR devices. It refers to the three-dimensional range of the exit pupil, within which the human eye can perceive a clear and complete virtual image. The size of the eyebox significantly impacts user experience. If the eyebox is too small, users must align their eyes very precisely to see the content, resulting in a poor wearing experience; conversely, a larger eyebox allows users to move their eyes or the device freely within a certain range, leading to a more natural and fluid experience.
[0054] Furthermore, the uniformity of illumination within the eye-box is also a crucial factor affecting the user's visual experience. AR devices present images by merging virtual information with real-world scenes. If the illumination within the eye-box is uneven, the user's eyes will experience fatigue, dryness, and other discomfort as they constantly adapt to different brightness areas. Prolonged use may lead to eye pain, headaches, and other problems, impacting the user experience. For example, Figure 2 illustrates a schematic diagram of a virtual image presented to a user's eyes by an AR device. The brightness of this virtual image, from left to right, is 250 nits, 1000 nits, and 400 nits, respectively. The 1000-nit area represents high light energy utilization, while the 400-nit and 250-nit areas represent low light energy utilization. When viewing this virtual image, the user's eyes will experience discomfort due to constantly adapting to different brightness areas, negatively impacting the user experience.
[0055] In traditional geometric waveguide design, to ensure uniform illumination within the eyebox, the reflectivity of the semi-reflective lenses placed within the waveguide sheet cannot be designed to be too high. For example, if the reflectivity of each semi-reflective lens is set to 50%, then the light energy coupled out by the semi-reflective lens will be 50% of the light energy emitted by the display source component the first time, 25% the second time, and 12.5% the third time. This will result in a significant reduction in the uniformity of illumination at different locations within the eyebox.
[0056] Therefore, in order to ensure the uniformity of illumination within the eye box, the reflectivity of each semi-reflective lens needs to be carefully designed. For example, please refer to Figure 3, which shows a schematic diagram of the structure of a display module of an AR device in the related art. The display module includes semi-reflective lenses 02A, 02B, 02C, and 02D disposed within the optical waveguide sheet 01, according to the following formula 1:
[0057] R1 = (1-R1)R2 = (1-R1)(1-R2)R3 = (1-R1)(1-R2)(1-R3)R4; where R1, R2, R3, and R4 are the reflectivities of the four semi-reflective lenses from left to right in Figure 3.
[0058] Therefore, along the light emission direction within the waveguide, the reflectivities of the four semi-reflective lenses from left to right can be set sequentially as R1 = 15%, R2 = 17.65%, R3 = 21.43%, and R4 = 27.27%. This ensures uniform illumination at different locations within the eyebox, with the transmittance difference between different locations being less than 15%. However, with this setup, the utilization rate of the light emitted from the light source component within the waveguide is only about 15%. This undoubtedly leads to low light energy utilization in the AR device, resulting in faster battery consumption, shorter battery life, and reduced usability.
[0059] It should be noted that reducing the number of semi-reflective mirrors can improve the light energy utilization of AR devices. For example, using only two semi-reflective mirrors, according to the following formula 2: R1 = (1-R1)R2, the reflectivity of the two semi-reflective mirrors can be set to R1 = 30% and R2 = 42.86%, respectively. This increases the light energy utilization of the AR device to 30%, ensures consistent illumination uniformity across different positions of the eyebox, and minimizes the difference in transmittance of ambient light between different positions to less than 15%. However, reducing the number of semi-reflective mirrors will undoubtedly result in a smaller eyebox, leading to a poorer user experience.
[0060] Based on the above description, how to simultaneously achieve high illumination uniformity, high light energy utilization, and a large eyebox space in AR devices has become an urgent technical problem to be solved. This application provides an AR device that can simultaneously achieve high illumination uniformity, high light energy utilization, and a large eyebox space, thereby improving the user experience.
[0061] The AR device provided in this application embodiment may include a display module adapted to emit light, and utilizes optical waveguide technology to conduct the light through an optical waveguide sheet, and efficiently transmits the light to the user's eye through the semi-reflection of a semi-reflective lens disposed within the optical waveguide sheet. It is understood that the display module may include a first display module adapted to emit light to the user's left eye and a second display module adapted to emit light to the user's right eye. The structures of the first display module and the second display module may be the same or different, and this application embodiment does not limit this.
[0062] For ease of description, the following descriptions of the display modules in the embodiments of this application refer to the structural design of a single display module. The first display module and the second display module of the AR device can be set according to the display module settings described below, and this application does not limit them.
[0063] Please refer to Figure 4, which shows a schematic diagram of a display module provided in an embodiment of this application. The display module 100 includes: a display source component 10, an optical waveguide component 20, a semi-reflective mirror component 30, and an optical lens group 40. The display source component 10 includes, but is not limited to, one or more combinations of Micro-OLED, Liquid Crystal on Silicon (LCOS), and Digital Micromirror Device (DMD), etc., and this embodiment of the application does not limit this. The optical lens group 40 includes, but is not limited to, one or more combinations of freeform prisms, spherical lens groups, and aspherical lens groups, and this embodiment of the application does not limit this.
[0064] The optical waveguide assembly 20 includes a first optical waveguide 21 and a second optical waveguide 22 stacked together. The optical waveguide (i.e., including the first optical waveguide 21 and the second optical waveguide 22) is an optical element used to guide and control the propagation of light. The optical waveguide can confine light to a specific path, reducing scattering and loss during transmission, ensuring that light is transmitted from one end to the other with high efficiency. Furthermore, the optical waveguide can precisely guide the propagation direction of light, allowing it to propagate along a predetermined path. In complex optical systems, it can guide light from one optical element to another, ensuring the accuracy of the entire system's optical path.
[0065] In the AR device of this application embodiment, the optical waveguide is used to transmit image information from the display source component 10 to the human eye. By reflecting and transmitting light multiple times within the optical waveguide, the image is finally projected into the human eye at a suitable angle and position, forming a clear virtual image and providing the user with an immersive visual experience.
[0066] Please refer to Figure 4. The light-emitting surface of the display source component 10 is positioned opposite to the sides of the first optical waveguide 21 and the second optical waveguide 22. Both the first and second optical waveguides 21 and 22 may have coupling inlets 201 on their sides, and both may have reflection channels 202 communicating with the coupling inlets 201 within them. The coupling inlets 201 are located on the light-emitting side of the display source component 10, and are suitable for introducing the light energy emitted by the display source component 10 into the optical waveguides, allowing the light energy to propagate in the reflection channels 202 of the optical waveguides.
[0067] For example, each side of the first optical waveguide 21 may be provided with a first coupling inlet 201A, and a first reflection channel 202A communicating with the first coupling inlet 201A may be provided on the first optical waveguide 21. Each side of the second optical waveguide 22 may be provided with a second coupling inlet 201B, and a second reflection channel 202B communicating with the second coupling inlet 201B may be provided on the second optical waveguide 22. Both the first coupling inlet 201A and the second coupling inlet 201B are located on the light-emitting side of the display source assembly 10.
[0068] In one possible structural design, the reflection channel 202 can be a total internal reflection channel, which refers to a channel in which light is transmitted within the optical waveguide in the form of total internal reflection. This ensures that light is transmitted efficiently along a specific path within the optical waveguide, reducing energy loss during transmission and guaranteeing sufficient light intensity to reach the target location. This allows the light to ultimately enter the human eye at an appropriate intensity to form a clear image. In another possible structural design, the reflection channel can also be a non-total internal reflection channel. For example, the reflectivity of this reflection channel can be greater than or equal to 85% and less than 100%, and this application does not limit this.
[0069] Furthermore, the semi-reflective mirror assembly 30 includes a first semi-reflective mirror 31 and a second semi-reflective mirror 32. The semi-reflective mirror (i.e., including the first semi-reflective mirror 31 and the second semi-reflective mirror 32) has a special thin film formed on its surface through processes such as coating on a transparent substrate. The optical properties of this thin film allow it to both reflect incident light and allow some light to pass through, thus achieving a semi-reflective and semi-transparent effect.
[0070] In one possible structural design, the semi-reflective mirror has a reflectivity and a transmittance of 50%. This 50% reflectivity and transmittance allows virtual images and real-world scenes to enter the human eye with relatively balanced intensity. Virtual images enter the eye through reflection, while real-world scenes enter through transmission via the semi-reflective mirror, resulting in a natural blending of virtual elements with the real environment, thus enhancing the immersive experience of AR devices.
[0071] In another possible structural design, the reflectivity of the semi-reflective mirror is greater than its transmittance. For example, the reflectivity of the semi-reflective mirror can be 50%-85% (inclusive), and the transmittance can be 15% (inclusive)-50%. This increases the prominence of the virtual image, allowing the AR device to present the effect of "overlaying" virtual elements onto the real-world scene. Therefore, in applications where the distinction between virtual elements and the real-world scene needs to be emphasized, such as virtual try-on, users can more clearly see the matching effect of virtual clothing with their real-world appearance, facilitating the evaluation and manipulation of virtual content.
[0072] In another possible structural design, the reflectivity of the semi-reflective mirror is less than its transmittance. For example, the transmittance of the semi-reflective mirror can be 50%-85% (inclusive), and the reflectivity can be 15% (inclusive)-50%. Thus, since the light in the real-world scene dominates, the user's visual experience is closer to a natural state. The eyes do not need to frequently switch and adapt between high-brightness virtual images and real-world scenes. Therefore, when using AR devices for extended periods, the visual strain on the eyes is relatively low, and fatigue and discomfort are less likely to occur. Furthermore, when experiencing AR content, users will not feel excessively interfered with by virtual information, but rather can naturally receive supplementary and expanded information from virtual sources while enjoying the real-world scene.
[0073] Furthermore, the projection of the first semi-reflective lens 31 onto the second optical waveguide 22 is offset from that of the second semi-reflective lens 32, that is, the orthogonal projection of the first semi-reflective lens 31 onto the second optical waveguide 22 does not coincide with that of the second semi-reflective lens 32.
[0074] This embodiment of the application uses a first optical waveguide 21 and a second optical waveguide 22 arranged in a stacked configuration. The light-emitting surface of the display source component 10 is positioned opposite to the sides of the first optical waveguide 21 and the second optical waveguide 22. Therefore, the light emitted from the display source component 10 can be coupled into the first optical waveguide 21 and the second optical waveguide 22 respectively, and propagate within each of them. Furthermore, this embodiment of the application uses a first semi-reflective lens 31 within the first optical waveguide 21 and a second semi-reflective lens 32 within the second optical waveguide 22. Thus, light from the first optical waveguide 21 can be reflected into the user's eye by the first semi-reflective lens 31, and light from the second optical waveguide 22 can be reflected into the user's eye by the second semi-reflective lens 32. Because the projection of the first semi-reflective lens 31 onto the second waveguide 22 is offset from that of the second semi-reflective lens 32, the eyebox presented to the user is the combined area of the semi-reflective lenses within the two waveguides. This ensures a larger eyebox space. Furthermore, since the number of semi-reflective lenses within the two waveguides is relatively small, the light energy utilization rate of the AR device can be improved while maintaining high illumination uniformity.
[0075] For example, if four semi-reflective lenses are used to ensure a large space in the eye box, the light energy utilization rate is only about 15% under the premise of ensuring high illumination uniformity, according to the arrangement scheme in the related technology. However, according to the technical solution provided in the embodiment of this application, as shown in FIG4, two first semi-reflective lenses 31 can be set in the first optical waveguide 21, and two second semi-reflective lenses 32 can be set in the second optical waveguide 22. Then, according to Formula 3: R1=(1-R1)R2, R3=(1-R3)R4; R1 and R2 are the reflectivities of the two first semi-reflective lenses 31, and R3 and R4 are the reflectivities of the two second semi-reflective lenses 32. It can be seen that when R1=30%, R2=42.86%, R3=42.86%, and R4=30%, the light energy utilization rate of the AR device is increased to 30%. Compared with the technical solution in the related technology, its light energy utilization rate is doubled, and the illumination uniformity of different positions in the eye box is consistent. In addition, although each of the two waveguide sheets contains only two semi-reflective lenses, splicing the eyeboxes of the two waveguide sheets together is equivalent to having a waveguide sheet containing four semi-reflective lenses, and the AR device still ensures a large eyebox space.
[0076] In some embodiments of this application, there may be only one first semi-reflective lens 31, that is, only one first semi-reflective lens 31 is provided in the first reflection channel 202A.
[0077] In other embodiments of this application, multiple first semi-reflective lenses 31 may be provided, that is, multiple first semi-reflective lenses 31 may be provided in the first reflection channel 202A.
[0078] For example, please continue to refer to Figure 4. There may be two first semi-reflective lenses 31 in the first reflection channel 202A. For example, there may be three, four, five, etc., first semi-reflective lenses 31 in the first reflection channel 202A. The number of first semi-reflective lenses 31 can be set according to specific needs, and this application does not limit it.
[0079] In this configuration, multiple first semi-reflective lenses 31 are spaced apart along a first direction (i.e., the X-axis direction in Figure 4). The projection of the first semi-reflective lens 31 onto the second optical waveguide 22 is the first projection, and the projection of the second semi-reflective lens 32 onto the second optical waveguide 22 is the second projection. The first direction is the arrangement direction of the first and second projections. This first direction can be understood as the arrangement direction of the geometric centers of the first and second projections.
[0080] Thus, the multiple first semi-reflective lenses 31 spaced apart along the first direction can both reflect and transmit light. When light propagates within the first optical waveguide 21, it is sequentially acted upon by each of the first semi-reflective lenses 31, and each action changes the direction and intensity of light propagation. This allows for more precise control of the light, ensuring it travels along a specific path and ultimately reaches the eye more effectively. Furthermore, the spaced arrangement of multiple first semi-reflective lenses 31 along the first direction provides a larger exit surface during reflection. Compared to a concentrated arrangement, this increases the eye chamber space of the first optical waveguide 21, thereby improving the user experience.
[0081] In some embodiments of this application, along the first direction, the distance from the second semi-reflective lens 32 to the adjacent first semi-reflective lens 31 is equal to the distance between two adjacent first semi-reflective lenses 31. That is, as shown in FIG4, the distance L1 between two adjacent first semi-reflective lenses 31 is equal to the distance L2 between the first semi-reflective lens 31 closer to the second semi-reflective lens 32 and the adjacent second semi-reflective lens 32.
[0082] In this way, it can be ensured that the eyebox of the first optical waveguide 21 and the splicing area of the eyebox of the first optical waveguide 21 and the second optical waveguide 22 can reflect and transmit relatively evenly. This avoids the phenomenon of concentrated or sparse light appearing in the user's eyes due to the unequal distance between the second semi-reflective lens 32 and the adjacent first semi-reflective lens 31, and the unequal distance between the second semi-reflective lens 32 and the two adjacent first semi-reflective lenses 31. This makes the virtual image presented by the AR device more uniform in brightness and color, avoiding problems such as local over-brightness or under-brightness, color deviation, etc.
[0083] In some embodiments of this application, there may be only one second semi-reflective lens 32, that is, only one second semi-reflective lens 32 is provided in the second reflection channel 202B.
[0084] In some other embodiments of this application, multiple second semi-reflective lenses 32 may be provided, that is, multiple second semi-reflective lenses 32 may be provided in the second reflection channel 202B. For example, please continue to refer to FIG4. There may be two second semi-reflective lenses 32 in the second reflection channel 202B. For example, there may be three, four, five, etc. The number of second semi-reflective lenses 32 can be set according to specific needs, and this application does not limit it.
[0085] Multiple second semi-reflective lenses 32 are spaced apart along a first direction. Thus, each of the multiple second semi-reflective lenses 32 spaced apart along the first direction can reflect and transmit light. When light propagates within the second optical waveguide 22, it is sequentially acted upon by each of the second semi-reflective lenses 32, and each action changes the direction and intensity of light propagation. This allows for more precise control of the light, ensuring it propagates along a specific path and ultimately enters the eye more effectively. Furthermore, the spaced arrangement of multiple first semi-reflective lenses 31 along the first direction provides a larger exit surface during reflection. Compared to a concentrated arrangement, this increases the eye chamber space of the second optical waveguide 22, thereby improving the user experience.
[0086] In one possible structural design, along the first direction, the distance from the second semi-reflective lens 32 to the adjacent first semi-reflective lens 31 is equal to the distance between two adjacent second semi-reflective lenses 32. That is, as shown in Figure 4, the distance L3 between two adjacent second semi-reflective lenses 32 is equal to the distance L2 between the second semi-reflective lens 32 closer to the first semi-reflective lens 31 and the adjacent first semi-reflective lens 31.
[0087] In this way, it can be ensured that the eyebox of the second optical waveguide 22 and the splicing area of the second optical waveguide 22 and the eyebox of the first optical waveguide 21 can reflect and transmit relatively evenly. This avoids the phenomenon of concentrated or sparse light appearing in the user's eyes due to the unequal distances between the second semi-reflective lens 32 and the adjacent first semi-reflective lens 31, and between the second semi-reflective lens 32 and the two adjacent second semi-reflective lenses 32. This makes the presented virtual image more uniform in brightness and color, avoiding problems such as local over-brightness or under-brightness, color deviation, etc.
[0088] In another possible structural design, when multiple first and second half-reflective lenses 31 and 32 are provided, the distances from a second half-reflective lens 32 to an adjacent first half-reflective lens 31, the distances between two adjacent second half-reflective lenses 32, and the distances between two adjacent first half-reflective lenses 31 are all equal. That is, as shown in Figure 4, the distance L3 between two adjacent second half-reflective lenses 32, the distance L2 between a second half-reflective lens 32 closer to a first half-reflective lens 31 and an adjacent first half-reflective lens 31, and the distance L1 between two adjacent first half-reflective lenses 31 are all equal.
[0089] Thus, the evenly spaced arrangement of multiple semi-reflective mirrors helps reduce mutual interference between light rays. Ensuring that each semi-reflective mirror has a relatively consistent effect on the light rays allows them to maintain a more regular path during propagation, reducing optical interference caused by scattering or diffraction, thereby improving the clarity and purity of the virtual image and making the virtual image image sharper.
[0090] Please refer to Figures 5 and 6, which both show schematic diagrams of a display module provided in an embodiment of this application. In some embodiments of this application, the optical waveguide assembly 20 further includes a third optical waveguide sheet 23 stacked with the first optical waveguide sheet 21 and the second optical waveguide sheet 22, with the light-emitting surface of the display source assembly 10 facing the side of the third optical waveguide sheet 23. Optionally, the third optical waveguide sheet 23 may be disposed on the side of the second optical waveguide sheet 22 opposite to the first optical waveguide sheet 21. Optionally, the third optical waveguide sheet 23 may also be disposed on the side of the first optical waveguide sheet 21 opposite to the first optical waveguide sheet 21; this embodiment of the application does not limit this.
[0091] Similarly, a third coupling inlet 201C can be provided on the side of the third optical waveguide 23, and a third reflection channel 202C communicating with the third coupling inlet 201C can be provided on the third optical waveguide 23. The third coupling inlet 201C is located on the light-emitting side of the display source component 10. The third reflection channel 202C can be a total reflection channel or a non-total reflection channel. For details on the third reflection channel 202C, please refer to the description of the first reflection channel 202A and the second reflection channel 202B above. This embodiment will not be repeated here.
[0092] In addition, the semi-reflective mirror assembly 30 also includes a third semi-reflective mirror 33 disposed within the third optical waveguide 23. Optionally, the reflectivity and transmittance of the third semi-reflective mirror 33 can each be 50%. Optionally, the reflectivity of the third semi-reflective mirror 33 can be greater than the transmittance. Optionally, the reflectivity of the third semi-reflective mirror 33 can also be less than the transmittance. The reflectivity and transmittance of the third semi-reflective mirror 33 can be referred to the description of the first semi-reflective mirror 31 and the second semi-reflective mirror 32 above, and will not be repeated here.
[0093] For example, as shown in Figure 6, the total number of semi-reflective lenses is 6, with 2 first semi-reflective lenses 31, 2 second semi-reflective lenses 32, and 2 third semi-reflective lenses 33. Thus, while ensuring illumination uniformity, the light energy utilization rate of the display module can still be increased to 30%, doubling the light energy utilization rate of the AR device in this embodiment compared to related technologies. Although a single waveguide sheet contains only two semi-reflective lenses, splicing together eyeboxes with three waveguide sheets is equivalent to providing a field of view with six semi-reflective lenses, thus ensuring that the VR device can provide a larger eyebox.
[0094] For example, as shown in Figure 5, the total number of semi-reflective lenses is 4, with 2 first semi-reflective lenses 31, 1 second semi-reflective lens 32, and 1 third semi-reflective lens 33. Thus, while ensuring illumination uniformity, the light energy utilization rate of the display module can still be increased to 30%, which doubles the light energy utilization rate of the AR device in this embodiment compared to related technologies. Although the first waveguide 21 contains only two semi-reflective lenses and the second waveguide 22 and third waveguide 23 each contain only one semi-reflective lens, splicing the eyeboxes of the three waveguides together is equivalent to having a field of view containing four semi-reflective lenses. This ensures that the VR device can provide a larger eyebox.
[0095] Figures 5 and 6 of this application embodiment are merely illustrative and do not constitute a specific limitation on this application. The number of the first semi-reflective lens 31, the second semi-reflective lens 32, and the third semi-reflective lens 33 can be set as needed. The number and spacing of the third semi-reflective lenses 33 can be referred to the description of the first semi-reflective lens 31 above, and will not be repeated in this application embodiment.
[0096] Furthermore, the projection of the third semi-reflective lens 33 onto the second waveguide 22 is offset from that of the second semi-reflective lens 32, and its projection onto the second waveguide 22 is also offset from that of the first semi-reflective lens 31. Thus, the eyebox space presented to the user is the combined area of the three semi-reflective lenses within the waveguide 22, ensuring a further expansion of the eyebox space and improving the user experience.
[0097] In one possible structural design, along the first direction, the distance from the first semi-reflective lens 31 to the adjacent second semi-reflective lens 32 is equal to the distance from the second semi-reflective lens 32 to the adjacent third semi-reflective lens 33. This ensures that the eyebox of the second waveguide 22 and the eyebox area connecting the second waveguide 22 and the first waveguide 21, as well as the eyebox area connecting the second waveguide 22 and the third waveguide 23, can uniformly reflect and transmit light. This avoids the phenomenon of concentrated or sparse light appearing to the user, ensuring that the presented virtual image is more uniform in brightness and color, thus improving the user experience.
[0098] In other embodiments of this application, the optical waveguide may be provided with four, five, or six pieces, etc., and each of the multiple optical waveguide pieces is provided with a semi-reflective lens, and the light-emitting surface of the display source component 10 is arranged opposite to the side surfaces of the multiple optical waveguide pieces.
[0099] For example, four optical waveguide sheets can be provided, and each of the four optical waveguide sheets is provided with a half-reflective half-lens. In this way, while ensuring the uniformity of illumination, the light energy utilization rate can be increased to up to 50%. Compared with related technologies, the light energy utilization rate of the AR device in this application embodiment is more than twice that of the original technology, thereby improving the light energy utilization rate and thus improving the peak brightness of the virtual image display.
[0100] This allows for a further expansion of the eye box space or a further increase in the light energy utilization rate of AR devices, thereby improving the user experience.
[0101] Please refer to Figures 4, 5, and 6. In some embodiments of this application, the display module 100 further includes an optical lens group 40. The optical lens group 40 is disposed on the light-emitting side of the display source component 10 and located on the light-incident side of the optical waveguide component 20. The optical lens group 40 is adapted to couple the light emitted from the display source component 10 to the first optical waveguide sheet 21 and the second optical waveguide sheet 22, respectively. The optical lens group 40, as a coupling structure, is responsible for collimating the light from the display source component 10 and guiding it into the interior of the optical waveguide sheet.
[0102] The optical lens group 40 may be an array arrangement of one or more of freeform prisms, aspherical lenses, spherical lenses and microlenses, and the embodiments of this application do not limit this.
[0103] In this way, by setting the parameters and structure of the optical lens group 40, the light emitted from the display source component 10 can be precisely guided and controlled to improve the coupling efficiency of the light and reduce the loss of light during transmission, thereby enhancing the brightness and contrast of the display module 100 and improving the display effect.
[0104] Please refer to Figure 4. In some embodiments of this application, the display source assembly 10 includes a first display source 11 and a second display source 12, and the optical lens group 40 includes a first optical lens group 41 and a second optical lens group 42. The first optical lens group 41 is disposed on the light-emitting side of the first display source 11 and on the side of the first optical waveguide 21. The first optical lens group 41 is adapted to couple the light emitted from the first display source 11 into the first optical waveguide 21. The second optical lens group 42 is disposed on the light-emitting side of the second display source 12 and on the side of the second optical waveguide 22. The second optical lens group 42 is adapted to couple the light emitted from the second display source 12 into the second optical waveguide 22.
[0105] In this way, the two independent display sources (i.e., the first display source 11 and the second display source 12) can work simultaneously, each emitting light. This effectively improves the brightness of the entire display module 100, ensuring clear visibility even in bright environments. Furthermore, by setting two independent display sources located on the light-incident side of the first optical waveguide 21 and the second optical waveguide 22 respectively, the first display source 11 and the second display source 12 can be installed separately during installation. Compared to setting a single display source, there is no need to consider whether the light emitted from a single display source can be simultaneously coupled into both optical waveguides, thereby reducing installation complexity and improving production efficiency.
[0106] Please refer to Figures 5 and 6. In some other embodiments of this application, the display source assembly 10 includes a first display source 11, a second display source 12, and a third display source 13. The optical lens group 40 includes a first optical lens group 41, a second optical lens group 42, and a third optical lens group 43. The first optical lens group 41 is disposed on the light-emitting side of the first display source 11 and on the side of the first optical waveguide 21. The first optical lens group 41 is adapted to couple the light emitted from the first display source 11 into the first optical waveguide 21. The second optical lens group 42 is disposed on the light-emitting side of the second display source 12 and on the side of the second optical waveguide 22. The second optical lens group 42 is adapted to couple the light emitted from the second display source 12 into the second optical waveguide 22. The third optical lens group 43 is disposed on the light-emitting side of the third display source 13 and on the side of the third optical waveguide 23. The third optical lens group 43 is adapted to couple the light emitted from the third display source 13 into the third optical waveguide 23.
[0107] In other embodiments of this application, the number of display sources, optical lens groups, and waveguide sheets can be set to 4, 5, 6, etc., and this application does not limit this. Optionally, multiple display sources, optical lens groups, and waveguide sheets can be configured in a one-to-one correspondence, and this application does not limit this.
[0108] Please refer to Figures 7, 8, and 9, which show schematic diagrams of the structure of a display module with a single display source provided in an embodiment of this application. In other embodiments of this application, the display source assembly 10 includes a single display source, and an optical lens group 40 is disposed on the light-emitting side of the single display source and located on the light-incident side of the optical waveguide assembly 20. Only one set of the optical lens group 40 is provided.
[0109] For example, as shown in Figure 7, the display module includes a single display source, a single optical lens group 40, and a first optical waveguide 21 and a second optical waveguide 22 located on the light-emitting side of the optical lens group 40. Each optical waveguide includes two semi-reflective lenses, thus increasing light energy utilization to 30% while ensuring illumination uniformity. Furthermore, splicing the eyeboxes of two optical waveguides is equivalent to using four semi-reflective lenses, ensuring a large eyebox space. Additionally, using only a single display source improves light energy utilization without increasing the number of display sources, thereby increasing the peak brightness of the virtual image display and reducing the overall system energy consumption.
[0110] For example, as shown in Figure 8, the display module includes a single display source, a single optical lens group 40, and a first optical waveguide 21, a second optical waveguide 22, and a third optical waveguide 23 located on the light-emitting side of the optical lens group 40. The first optical waveguide 21 includes two semi-reflective lenses, the second optical waveguide 22 includes two semi-reflective lenses, and the third optical waveguide 23 includes two semi-reflective lenses.
[0111] For example, as shown in Figure 9, the display module includes a single display source, a single optical lens group 40, and a first optical waveguide 21, a second optical waveguide 22, and a third optical waveguide 23 located on the light-emitting side of the optical lens group 40. The first optical waveguide 21 includes two semi-reflective lenses, the second optical waveguide 22 includes one semi-reflective lens, and the third optical waveguide 23 includes one semi-reflective lens.
[0112] In this way, using a single display source instead of multiple display sources reduces the number of display sources in the display module 100, simplifies the structure of the entire display source component 10, and not only reduces the complexity of the display source component 10 but also reduces the overall power consumption of the AR device. Furthermore, a single display source occupies significantly less space than multiple display sources, which is crucial for AR devices with high space requirements. This compact structural design allows the AR device to be lighter and smaller, improving product portability and user comfort.
[0113] In some embodiments of this application, the difference between the transmittance of any first half-reflective lens 31 in the first optical waveguide 21 and the transmittance of any second half-reflective lens 32 in the second optical waveguide 22 is less than 15%.
[0114] In one possible structural design, the number of first semi-reflective mirrors 31 is one or two, and the number of second semi-reflective mirrors 32 is one or two.
[0115] For example, if there is one first semi-reflective lens 31 and one second semi-reflective lens 32, then the reflectivity of the first semi-reflective lens 31 can be set as needed. When the light intensity incident on the display source assembly 10 through the first semi-reflective lens 31 and the second semi-reflective lens 32 is the same, a difference in reflectivity between the first semi-reflective lens 31 and the second semi-reflective lens 32 of less than 15% ensures that the difference between the transmittance of any first semi-reflective lens 31 in the first optical waveguide 21 and the transmittance of any second semi-reflective lens 32 in the second optical waveguide 22 is less than 15%.
[0116] For example, there are two first semi-reflective lenses 31 and one second semi-reflective lens 32. According to Formula 2, the reflectivities of the two first semi-reflective lenses 31 are R1 = 30% and R2 = 42.86%, respectively. Thus, the transmittances of the two first semi-reflective lenses 31 are 70% and 57.14%, respectively. Therefore, by setting the transmittance range of the second semi-reflective lens 32 to 55%-72.14%, the difference between the transmittance of any one of the first semi-reflective lenses 31 in the first optical waveguide 21 and the transmittance of any one of the second semi-reflective lenses 32 in the second optical waveguide 22 is less than 15%.
[0117] For example, there are two first semi-reflective lenses 31 and two second semi-reflective lenses 32. According to Formula 2, the reflectivities of the two first semi-reflective lenses 31 are R1 = 30% and R2 = 42.86%, respectively. Therefore, their transmittances are 70% and 57.14%, respectively. The reflectivities of the two second semi-reflective lenses 32 are R3 = 42.86% and R4 = 30%, respectively. Therefore, their transmittances are 57.14% and 70%, respectively. Since 70% - 57.14% = 12.86%, it can be ensured that the difference between the transmittance of any one of the first semi-reflective lenses 31 in the first optical waveguide 21 and the transmittance of any one of the second semi-reflective lenses 32 in the second optical waveguide 22 is less than 15%.
[0118] It is understandable that in the display module 100, the optical waveguide uses a semi-reflective mirror to reflect and transmit light multiple times to achieve image propagation and display. If the transmittance difference between the semi-reflective mirrors in the first optical waveguide 21 and the second optical waveguide 22 is too large, the intensity of the light reflected to the user's eye after propagating through the two optical waveguides (i.e., the first optical waveguide 21 and the second optical waveguide 22) will be inconsistent, resulting in uneven brightness in the displayed image. This embodiment of the application, by ensuring that the transmittance difference is less than 15%, effectively guarantees that the intensity of the light emitted after passing through the two optical waveguides is relatively similar, thereby making the brightness of the entire display image of the real world more uniform and avoiding the problem of localized over-brightness or under-brightness.
[0119] In some embodiments of this application, the reflectivity of different first semi-reflective lenses 31 in the first optical waveguide 21 is designed with a gradient, and the reflectivity of different second semi-reflective lenses 32 in the second optical waveguide 22 is designed with a gradient. It should be noted that the reflectivity of multiple semi-reflective lenses can be calculated according to Formulas 1, 2, and 3 above. In actual installations, the reflectivity of these multiple semi-reflective lenses (i.e., including the first semi-reflective lens 31 and the second semi-reflective lens 32) is designed with a gradient, and the difference in reflectivity can be less than 15%.
[0120] It is understandable that optical waveguides achieve image propagation and display by using semi-reflective lenses to reflect and transmit light multiple times. If the reflectivity of the different first semi-reflective lenses 31 in the first optical waveguide 21 is equal, and the reflectivity of the different second semi-reflective lenses 32 in the second optical waveguide 22 is equal, the light emitted from the display source component will have inconsistent intensity at different eyebox positions after propagating through the two optical waveguides (i.e., the first and second optical waveguides), resulting in uneven brightness in the virtual image display. This embodiment of the application, by designing a gradient design for the reflectivity of the different first semi-reflective lenses in the first optical waveguide and the different second semi-reflective lenses in the second optical waveguide, can make the brightness of the virtual image at different positions in the eyebox more uniform. All parts of the image can be presented with relatively consistent brightness, making the virtual image more comfortable and natural for the user, and avoiding visual interference caused by excessive brightness differences.
[0121] In understanding the scope of this invention, the term "comprising" and its derivatives, as used herein, are intended to be open-ended terms that specify the presence of the described features, elements, components, groups, integrals, and / or steps, but do not exclude the presence of other undescribed features, elements, components, groups, integrals, and / or steps. This concept also applies to words with similar meanings, such as the terms "comprising," "having," and their derivatives.
[0122] The term "attached" or "joined" as used herein includes: a construction in which one element is directly fixed to another element by fixing it directly to another element; a construction in which one element is indirectly fixed to another element by fixing it to an intermediate member, which in turn is fixed to another element; and a construction in which one element is integral with another element, that is, one element is substantially part of another element. This definition also applies to words with similar meanings, such as "connect," "joint," "couple," "install," "adhere," "fix," and their derivatives. Finally, degree terms such as "substantially," "approximately," and "approximately" as used herein indicate the amount of deviation from which modifications to the terminology do not significantly alter the final result.
[0123] Unless otherwise defined, the technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art. The terminology used herein is for descriptive purposes only and is not intended to limit the invention. Features described in one embodiment may be applied, alone or in combination with other features, to another embodiment, unless that feature is not applicable in that other embodiment or is otherwise stated.
[0124] The invention has been described through the above embodiments; however, it should be understood that the above embodiments are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the invention to the described embodiments. Furthermore, those skilled in the art will understand that the invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and many more variations and modifications can be made based on the teachings of the invention, all of which fall within the scope of protection claimed by the invention.
Claims
1. A display module, characterized in that, include: Display source components; An optical waveguide assembly includes a first optical waveguide sheet and a second optical waveguide sheet stacked together; the light-emitting surface of the display source assembly is disposed opposite to the side surfaces of the first optical waveguide sheet and the second optical waveguide sheet; The lens assembly includes a first semi-reflective lens disposed within the first optical waveguide sheet and a second semi-reflective lens disposed within the second optical waveguide sheet; The projection of the first semi-reflective lens onto the second optical waveguide is offset from that of the second semi-reflective lens.
2. The display module according to claim 1, characterized in that, Multiple first semi-reflective lenses are provided, and the multiple first semi-reflective lenses are spaced apart along a first direction; the projection of the first semi-reflective lens onto the second optical waveguide is the first projection, and the projection of the second semi-reflective lens onto the second optical waveguide is the second projection, and the first direction is the arrangement direction of the first projection and the second projection.
3. The display module according to claim 2, characterized in that, Along the first direction, the distance from the second semi-reflective lens to the adjacent first semi-reflective lens is equal to the distance between two adjacent first semi-reflective lenses.
4. The display module according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, Multiple second semi-reflective lenses are provided, and the multiple second semi-reflective lenses are spaced apart along the first direction; the projection of the first semi-reflective lens onto the second optical waveguide is the first projection, and the projection of the second semi-reflective lens onto the second optical waveguide is the second projection, and the first direction is the arrangement direction of the first projection and the second projection.
5. The display module according to claim 4, characterized in that, Along the first direction, the distance from the second semi-reflective lens to the adjacent first semi-reflective lens is equal to the distance between two adjacent second semi-reflective lenses.
6. The display module according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The optical waveguide assembly further includes a third optical waveguide sheet stacked with the first and second optical waveguide sheets, and the light-emitting surface of the display source assembly is disposed opposite to the side surface of the third optical waveguide sheet; The lens assembly further includes a third semi-reflective lens disposed within the third optical waveguide sheet; the projection of the third semi-reflective lens onto the second optical waveguide sheet is offset from that of the second semi-reflective lens, and the projection of the third semi-reflective lens onto the second optical waveguide sheet is offset from that of the first semi-reflective lens onto the second optical waveguide sheet.
7. The display module according to claim 6, characterized in that, Along the first direction, the distance from the first semi-reflective lens to the adjacent second semi-reflective lens is equal to the distance from the second semi-reflective lens to the adjacent third semi-reflective lens. The projection of the first semi-reflective lens onto the second optical waveguide is the first projection, and the projection of the second semi-reflective lens onto the second optical waveguide is the second projection. The first direction is the arrangement direction of the first projection and the second projection.
8. The display module according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, The display module further includes an optical lens group, which is disposed on the light-emitting side of the display source component and located on the light-incident side of the optical waveguide component. The optical lens group is adapted to couple the light emitted from the display source component into the first optical waveguide and the second optical waveguide, respectively.
9. The display module according to claim 8, characterized in that, The display source assembly includes a single display source, and the optical lens group is disposed on the light-emitting side of the single display source and located on the light-incident side of the optical waveguide assembly.
10. The display module according to claim 9, characterized in that, The display source component includes a first display source and a second display source; The optical lens group includes a first optical lens group and a second optical lens group. The first optical lens group is disposed on the light-emitting side of the first display source and on the side of the first optical waveguide sheet. The first optical lens group is adapted to couple the light emitted from the first display source into the first optical waveguide sheet. The second optical lens group is disposed on the light-emitting side of the second display source and on the side of the second optical waveguide sheet. The second optical lens group is adapted to couple the light emitted from the second display source into the second optical waveguide sheet.
11. The display module according to any one of claims 1-10, characterized in that, The difference between the transmittance of any of the first half-reflective lenses in the first optical waveguide sheet and the transmittance of any of the second half-reflective lenses in the second optical waveguide sheet is less than 15%.
12. The display module according to claim 11, characterized in that, The number of the first half-reflective mirror is one, two, or more, and the number of the second half-reflective mirror is one, two, or more.
13. The display module according to any one of claims 1-12, characterized in that, The difference between the reflectivity of any one of the first half-reflective lenses in the first optical waveguide sheet and the reflectivity of any one of the second half-reflective lenses in the second optical waveguide sheet is less than 15%.
14. An augmented reality (AR) device, characterized in that, Includes the display module as described in any one of claims 1 to 13.
15. A head-mounted smart device, characterized in that, Includes the display module as described in any one of claims 1 to 13.