Communication method and related device

Abstract

Provided in the present application are a communication method and a related device. The method comprises: generating a message, wherein the message comprises a message header and a payload, the payload including N specific fields, each of the N specific fields being used for carrying a first-type index or a second-type index, the first-type index being used for indicating one or more pieces of control information, the second-type index being used for indicating multimedia data, and N being a positive integer greater than or equal to 1; and sending the message. The technical solution can efficiently transmit control information and multimedia data by using a payload of a message.

Description

Communication methods and related equipment

[0001] This application claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 202510194800.X, filed on February 20, 2025, entitled "Communication Method and Related Device", the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0002] This application relates to the field of communication technology, and more specifically, to a communication method and related equipment. Background Technology

[0003] When communication devices transmit data, they also transmit control information. The receiving device can use this control information to determine how to process the data in the message. This control information is typically carried in the message header, which has a fixed length. However, with technological advancements, the amount of control information that needs to be transmitted may increase. Therefore, it's possible that the size of the transmitted control information exceeds the maximum capacity of the message header. Solving this problem is a challenge facing the industry. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a communication method and related equipment that can efficiently utilize message payloads to transmit control information and multimedia data.

[0005] In a first aspect, this application provides a communication method, the method comprising: generating a message including a message header and a payload, the payload including N specific fields, each of the N specific fields being used to carry a first type index or a second type index, the first type index being used to indicate one or more control information, the second type index being used to indicate multimedia data, N being a positive integer greater than or equal to 1; and sending the message.

[0006] In the technical solution of this application, specific fields can be used to carry different types of indexes to indicate control information or multimedia data as needed. Compared with directly using one or more bits in the payload to indicate control information, the technical solution provided by this application can utilize the payload to indicate both control information and multimedia data more efficiently. For example, assuming a field is 10 bits long, if one bit is used to indicate control information, then only 9 bits remain to indicate multimedia data, and 9 bits can only indicate 512 different index values. However, in the technical solution of this application, different index values ​​correspond to different index types. For the same 10-bit field, if two different control information needs to be indicated, only two different index values ​​can be used, and the 10-bit field can indicate 1024 index values. In other words, based on the technical solution of this application, the field can also use 1022 different index values ​​to indicate multimedia data. Compared with the solution that directly occupies 1 bit to indicate control information, the technical solution provided by this application can indicate more index values. Thus, the payload of the message can be used efficiently to transmit control information and multimedia data.

[0007] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one possible implementation of the first aspect, the N specific fields include N1 first specific fields, each of the N1 first specific fields carries the first type index, N1 is greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to N, each first type index is one of M preset values, the M preset values ​​correspond one-to-one with M control information, M is greater than or equal to 1.

[0008] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one possible implementation of the first aspect, when N1 is less than N, the N specific fields also include N2 second specific fields, each of the N2 second specific fields carrying the second type of index, and the sum of N1 and N2 is N.

[0009] The above technical solution allows multimedia data to be indicated using certain fields when some specific fields do not require control information.

[0010] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one possible implementation of the first aspect, the method further includes: determining the N specific fields from the multiple fields included in the load.

[0011] The above technical solution allows users to select specific fields from the payload. For example, fields used for transmitting multimedia data that have a relatively minor impact on the transmission result can be chosen as specific fields.

[0012] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one possible implementation of the first aspect, determining the N specific fields from the multiple fields included in the payload includes: determining the N specific fields according to a target quantization method, wherein the value of the first type index is determined by quantizing the encoded multimedia data using the target quantization method.

[0013] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one possible implementation of the first aspect, determining the N specific fields according to the target quantization method includes: when the target quantization method is Residual Vector Quantization (RVQ), determining the N fields in the payload used to carry the last N residual layers among multiple residual layers as the N specific fields, wherein the multiple residual layers are obtained by quantizing the encoded multimedia data using RVQ.

[0014] The amount of information that RVQ can quantize decreases as the number of residual layers increases. That is, in the quantization result of RVQ, the deeper the residual layer, the lower the hit coverage of the codeword layer at that residual layer. For example, the hit coverage of the last layer's codewords is much lower than that of the first layer. Therefore, the N fields used to carry the last N residual layers have a smaller impact on the transmission result, further reducing transmission quality loss.

[0015] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one possible implementation of the first aspect, determining the N specific fields from the multiple fields included in the payload includes: when the payload includes multimedia data, determining the N specific fields in the payload used to carry repetitive or similar data based on the content of the multimedia data.

[0016] Compared to other fields, fields carrying duplicate or similar data have less impact on the transmission results, which can further reduce the loss of transmission quality.

[0017] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one possible implementation of the first aspect, the message header includes location indication information used to indicate the position of the N specific fields in the payload.

[0018] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one possible implementation of the first aspect, the payload also includes at least one regular field that is used only to carry multimedia data.

[0019] Secondly, this application provides a communication method, the method comprising: receiving a message, the message including a message header and a payload; determining N specific fields in the payload, each of the N specific fields being used to carry a first type index or a second type index, the first type index being used to indicate one or more control information, the second type index being used to indicate multimedia data, and N being a positive integer greater than or equal to 1; determining whether the N specific fields include a first specific field based on the index value carried by each of the N specific fields, the first specific field being a specific field carrying the first type index; and if the N specific fields include the first specific field, processing the message according to the control information indicated by the first type index carried by the first specific field.

[0020] In the technical solution of this application, specific fields can be used to carry different types of indexes to indicate control information or multimedia data as needed. Compared with directly using one or more bits in the payload to indicate control information, the technical solution provided by this application can utilize the payload to indicate both control information and multimedia data more efficiently. For example, assuming a field is 10 bits long, if one bit is used to indicate control information, then only 9 bits remain to indicate multimedia data, and 9 bits can only indicate 512 different index values. However, in the technical solution of this application, different index values ​​correspond to different index types. For the same 10-bit field, if two different control information needs to be indicated, only two different index values ​​can be used, and the 10-bit field can indicate 1024 index values. In other words, based on the technical solution of this application, the field can also use 1022 different index values ​​to indicate multimedia data. Compared with the solution that directly occupies 1 bit to indicate control information, the technical solution provided by this application can indicate more index values. Thus, the payload of the message can be used efficiently to transmit control information and multimedia data.

[0021] In conjunction with the second aspect, in one possible implementation of the second aspect, the first type of index carried by the first specific field is one of M preset values, which correspond one-to-one with M control information, and M is greater than or equal to 1.

[0022] In conjunction with the second aspect, in one possible implementation of the second aspect, the N specific fields include N1 of the first specific fields, where N1 is greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to N.

[0023] In conjunction with the second aspect, in one possible implementation of the second aspect, when N1 is less than N, the N specific fields also include N2 second specific fields, each of the N2 specific fields carrying the second type of index, and the sum of N1 and N2 is N.

[0024] The above technical solution allows multimedia data to be indicated using certain fields when some specific fields do not require control information.

[0025] In conjunction with the second aspect, in one possible implementation of the second aspect, the message header includes location indication information for indicating the location of the N specific fields in the payload; determining the N specific fields in the payload includes: determining the N specific fields from the payload based on the location indication information.

[0026] In conjunction with the second aspect, in one possible implementation of the second aspect, the payload also includes at least one regular field that is used only to carry multimedia data.

[0027] Thirdly, this application provides an electronic device that includes units for implementing the first aspect or any possible implementation of the first aspect.

[0028] Fourthly, this application provides an electronic device that includes units for implementing the second aspect or any possible implementation of the second aspect.

[0029] Fifthly, this application provides an electronic device including a processor for coupling with a memory to read and execute instructions and / or program code in the memory to perform the first aspect or any possible implementation thereof.

[0030] In a sixth aspect, this application provides an electronic device including a processor for coupling with a memory to read and execute instructions and / or program code in the memory to perform the second aspect or any possible implementation thereof.

[0031] In a seventh aspect, this application provides a chip system including logic circuitry for coupling with an input / output interface to transmit data through the input / output interface, thereby executing the first aspect or any possible implementation thereof.

[0032] Eighthly, this application provides a chip system including logic circuitry for coupling with an input / output interface to transmit data through the input / output interface, in order to perform the second aspect or any possible implementation thereof.

[0033] Ninthly, this application provides a computer-readable storage medium storing program code that, when executed on an electronic device, causes the electronic device to perform the first aspect or any possible implementation thereof.

[0034] In a tenth aspect, this application provides a computer-readable storage medium storing program code that, when executed on an electronic device, causes the electronic device to perform the second aspect or any possible implementation thereof.

[0035] In one aspect, this application provides a computer program product comprising: computer program code, which, when executed on an electronic device, causes the electronic device to perform as described in the first aspect or any possible implementation thereof.

[0036] In a twelfth aspect, this application provides a computer program product comprising: computer program code that, when executed on an electronic device, causes the electronic device to perform any two possible implementations as described in the first aspect or the second aspect. Attached Figure Description

[0037] Figure 1 illustrates an application scenario based on an embodiment provided in this application.

[0038] Figure 2 illustrates another application scenario based on an embodiment provided in this application.

[0039] Figure 3 is a schematic flowchart of a communication method provided according to an embodiment of this application;

[0040] Figure 4 is a schematic structural block diagram of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0041] Figure 5 is a schematic structural block diagram of another electronic device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0042] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of another electronic device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0043] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of a chip system provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0044] The technical solutions in this application will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0045] The technical solutions provided in this application can be applied to various communication scenarios, such as 2G / 3G / 4G / 5G or future communication networks, network-based communication solutions (e.g., Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP)), voice / video conferencing, online streaming media, satellite-based communication, etc.

[0046] Figure 1 illustrates the application scenarios of this application's embodiments using VoIP as an example.

[0047] As shown in Figure 1, user A can use terminal device 110 to communicate with user B via voice. Terminal device 110 can acquire the voice signal from user A, encode the voice signal to obtain a bitstream. The bitstream is sent to terminal device 120 via server 130. Terminal device 120 decodes the received bitstream to obtain an audio signal, and then plays the audio signal through a receiver or headset. Similarly, terminal device 120 can acquire the voice signal from user B, encode the voice signal to obtain a bitstream. The bitstream is sent to terminal device 110 via server 230. Terminal device 110 decodes the received bitstream to obtain an audio signal, and then plays the audio signal through a receiver or headset.

[0048] Figure 2 illustrates the application scenarios of the embodiments of this application using a satellite communication system as an example.

[0049] Terminal device 210 (e.g., a mobile phone) transmits the encoded bitstream to the satellite. The satellite then sends the received bitstream to a ground satellite station. The ground satellite station transcodes the bitstream from the satellite and sends the transcoded bitstream back to terminal device 220 via an operator server.

[0050] Figure 3 is a schematic flowchart of a communication method provided according to an embodiment of this application. For ease of description, Figure 3 uses communication devices (i.e., a first communication device and a second communication device) as an example to introduce the technical solution provided by this application. It can be understood that the method shown in Figure 3 can also be implemented by components in the communication device (e.g., processors, chips, system-on-chip (SoC), etc.). The communication device (i.e., the first communication device and the second communication device) can be a terminal device (e.g., a mobile phone, tablet computer, laptop computer, etc.) or a network device (e.g., network devices in mobile communication networks (e.g., 2G / 3G / 4G / 5G, etc.), servers, satellites, satellite ground stations, etc.).

[0051] 301, The first communication device generates a message.

[0052] The message includes a header and a payload. The payload includes N specific fields, each of which carries either a first-type index or a second-type index. The first-type index indicates one or more control information, and the second-type index indicates multimedia data. N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1.

[0053] In other words, a specific field can carry either a Type I index or a Type II index. For ease of description, a specific field carrying a Type I index can be called the first specific field, and a specific field carrying a Type II index can be called the second specific field.

[0054] Let N1 represent the number of the first specific field and N2 represent the number of the second specific field, then N1 + N2 = N. In some embodiments, N1 = N and N2 = 0. That is, all N specific fields can be the first specific field. In other embodiments, N2 = N and N1 = 0. That is, all N specific fields can be the second specific field. In still other embodiments, N1 can be a positive integer greater than or equal to 1 and less than N, N2 is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1 and less than N, and N1 + N2 = N. That is, some of the N specific fields can be the first specific field, while others are the second specific field.

[0055] In some embodiments, any two fields in the payload can have the same length. For example, the payload may include 10 fields, each of which can be 10 bits long.

[0056] In another embodiment, any two fields in the payload can have different lengths. For example, the payload may include 10 fields, where 5 fields are 10 bits long and the other 5 fields are 8 bits long.

[0057] Accordingly, in some embodiments, if N is a positive integer greater than 1, then the lengths of any two specific fields among the N specific fields can be equal or unequal.

[0058] For example, assuming a specific field has a length of K bits, then the index value of this specific field could be 2. K One of the index values ​​(index values ​​can also be called codewords), where K is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1. This 2 K Some of the index values ​​are used to indicate control information, while others are used to indicate multimedia data. The 2 K Of the index values, T1 can be used to indicate control information, and T2 can be used to indicate multimedia data. T1 and T2 are positive integers greater than or equal to 1, and the sum of T1 and T2 is 2. K .

[0059] The index value of the first type of index carried by the first specific field can be one of M preset values, where M is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1. Each preset value can correspond to one or more control information. The first communication device can determine the corresponding preset value according to the control information to be indicated, and then determine the preset value as the index value of the first type of index carried by the first specific field. In this way, the control information to be indicated can be sent by transmitting the preset value. Taking a first specific field with a length of 8 bits as an example, the index value of the first specific field can be any of the index values ​​shown in Table 1.

[0060] Table 1

[0061] In other words, if a specific field of length 8 bits has an index value that is any of the index values ​​shown in Table 1, then that specific field is a first specific field. If the index value of that specific field is any index value other than those shown in Table 1 (e.g., 1010 1010), then that specific field carries a second type of index, and that specific field is a second specific field.

[0062] The first communication device can determine the index value of a specific field based on the control information that needs to be indicated. Taking Table 1 as an example, when the first communication device determines that it needs to transmit the first control information, it can determine that the index value of the first type of index carried by the specific field is 1111 1111.

[0063] The first communication device determines the number of first specific fields required based on the amount of control information to be transmitted. For ease of description, the following embodiments assume that each first type of index indicates only one control information. For example, assuming N=4, the payload may include four specific fields. For ease of description, these four specific fields can be referred to as specific field 1, specific field 2, specific field 3, and specific field 4, respectively. The first communication device determines that two control information (such as control information 1 and control information 2) needs to be sent to the second communication device. The first communication device can determine two index values ​​corresponding to the two control information to be sent. For example, the first communication device determines that the index value corresponding to control information 1 is index value 1, and the index value corresponding to control information 2 is index value 2. The first communication device can use two of the four specific fields to carry index value 1 and index value 2. For example, the first communication device can use specific field 1 to carry index value 1 and specific field 2 to carry index value 2. For specific fields 3 and 4, the first communication device can use these two specific fields to indicate multimedia data. The first communication device determines the index values ​​of the second type of index carried by specific fields 3 and 4 based on the multimedia data to be indicated.

[0064] Optionally, in some embodiments, all fields in the payload are specific fields.

[0065] Optionally, in other embodiments, the payload may also include at least one regular field. This regular field is used solely to carry multimedia data. In other words, the payload may include two types of fields: a specific field and a regular field. The specific field can carry both multimedia data and control information, while the regular field is used solely to carry multimedia data. It is understood that if the length of the specific field is the same as the length of the regular field, then some specific codewords in the specific field are used to indicate control information. Therefore, the number of codewords in the specific field that can indicate multimedia data is less than the number of codewords in the regular field that can indicate multimedia data. For example, an 8-bit specific field can carry any of the codewords from 0000 0000 to 1111 1111 (256 in total). As shown in Table 1, three of the 256 codewords (11111111, 11111110, 11111101) are used to indicate control information. Therefore, the other 253 codewords in the specific field can be used to indicate multimedia data. The same 8-bit regular field, with all 256 codewords, can be used to indicate multimedia data.

[0066] The multimedia data referred to in this application embodiment may be audio data, video data, image data, etc. The first communication device can encode and quantize the multimedia data to obtain quantized multimedia data. In some embodiments, the payload may carry quantized multimedia data. In other words, the index value carried by the second specific field is quantized multimedia data. In other embodiments, the quantized multimedia data may be further processed (e.g., entropy coding), and the payload carries the further processed quantized multimedia data.

[0067] For example, in some embodiments, the encoder can encode multimedia data to obtain a latent feature of the multimedia data, and then the quantizer quantizes the latent feature, the quantization result being the index value carried by a second specific field or a regular field in the payload.

[0068] In some embodiments, the positions of the N specific fields in the load are preset or pre-negotiated.

[0069] In other embodiments, the positions of the N specific fields in the payload may be determined by the first communication device. For example, the first communication device may determine the N fields that have the least impact on transmission as the N specific fields.

[0070] For example, in some embodiments, the first communication device can determine the positions of the N specific fields in the payload according to the target quantization method. As mentioned above, the multimedia data indicated in the payload is obtained by quantizing encoded multimedia data (e.g., latent features). The quantization method used to quantize the encoded multimedia data is the aforementioned target quantization method. For example, in some embodiments, if the target quantization method is residual vector quantization (RVQ), then the N fields in the payload used to carry the last N residual layers of multiple residual layers can be determined to be the N specific fields. These multiple residual layers are obtained by quantizing the encoded multimedia data using RVQ. The content information that RVQ can quantize decreases as the number of residual layers increases. That is, in the quantization result of RVQ, the deeper the number of residual layers, the lower the hit coverage of the codeword layer of that residual layer, and the hit coverage of the last layer of codewords is much smaller than that of the first layer. Therefore, the N fields used to carry the last N residual layers have a smaller impact on the transmission result, which can further reduce the loss of transmission effect.

[0071] For example, when the payload includes multimedia data, the N fields used to carry repetitive or pixel data can be determined as the N specific fields based on the content of the multimedia data. For instance, if the multimedia data is video data or an image, there may be multiple fields indicating content with the same or similar colors. In this case, N fields from these multiple fields can be used as the specific fields. Compared to other fields, fields carrying repetitive or similar data have a smaller impact on the transmission result, further reducing transmission quality loss.

[0072] In some embodiments, the message header may also include location indication information, which indicates the location of the N specific fields in the payload.

[0073] 302, the first communication device sends the message. Correspondingly, the second communication device receives the message.

[0074] 303, the second communication device determines N specific fields in the payload.

[0075] 304. The second communication device determines whether the N specific fields include the first specific field based on the index value carried by each of the N specific fields.

[0076] 305. If the first specific field is included among the N specific fields, the message is processed according to the control information indicated by the first type index carried by the first specific field.

[0077] Because the payload includes specific fields that can be used to carry control information, the second communication device needs to first determine whether the received specific field carries control information. If the received specific field carries control information, then the received message needs to be processed according to the control information carried by that specific field. If the received specific field does not carry control information, then the received message can be processed in the conventional way to obtain the multimedia data indicated by the message.

[0078] The second communication device needs to first determine the position of N specific fields in the payload and then determine whether each specific field is the first specific field (i.e., the field carrying the first type of index used to indicate control information).

[0079] As described above, in some embodiments, the positions of the N specific fields in the payload can be preset or pre-negotiated. In this case, the second communication device can directly determine the N specific fields from the payload.

[0080] In other embodiments, the second communication device can determine specific fields in the payload based on location indication information in the packet header. This location indication information indicates the position of the N specific fields within the payload.

[0081] After determining N specific fields, the second communication device can determine whether the N specific fields include a first specific field. The second communication device can determine whether a specific field is a first specific field or a second specific field by judging whether the index value carried by each specific field is a preset value. In some embodiments, each of the M preset values ​​corresponds to one control information. In other words, the M preset values ​​correspond one-to-one with the M control information. In other embodiments, each of the M preset values ​​may correspond to one or more control information. Depending on the number of corresponding control information, the preset values ​​can be divided into first preset values ​​and second preset values, where the first preset value corresponds to one control information, and the second preset value corresponds to two or more control information. In some embodiments, some of the M preset values ​​may be first preset values, while others may be second preset values. In other embodiments, all M preset values ​​may be second preset values. In other embodiments, all M preset values ​​may be first preset values. The second communication device can determine whether a specific field is a first specific field or a second specific field by determining whether the index value carried by the specific field is one of the M preset values.

[0082] The second communication device can store the correspondence between preset values ​​and control information, and then determine whether the index carried by a specific field is a first-type index or a second-type index based on the stored correspondence. If it is determined that the index carried by the specific field is a first-type index, the control information corresponding to the first-type index can be determined based on the correspondence, and then the received message can be processed according to the control information. For example, the second communication device can also store an index table as shown in Table 1. If the second communication device determines that the index value of an index carried by a specific field is 11111111, then the second communication device can determine that the specific field carries a first-type index, and then process the message according to the first control information corresponding to the index value 11111111; if the second communication device determines that the index value of an index carried by a specific field is 00001101, then the second communication device can determine that the specific field carries a second-type index.

[0083] In the technical solutions of this application, specific fields can be used to carry different types of indexes to indicate control information or multimedia data as needed. Compared to directly using one or more bits in the payload to indicate control information, the technical solutions provided in this application can utilize the payload to indicate control information and multimedia data more efficiently. For example, assuming a field is 10 bits long, if one bit is used to indicate control information, then the field only has 9 bits left to indicate multimedia data, and 9 bits can only indicate 512 different index values. However, in the technical solutions of this application, different index values ​​correspond to different index types. For the same 10-bit field, if two different control information needs to be indicated, only two different index values ​​can be used, and the 10-bit field can indicate 1024 index values. In other words, based on the technical solutions of this application, the field can also use 1022 different index values ​​to indicate multimedia data. Compared to the solution that directly occupies 1 bit to indicate control information, the technical solutions provided in this application can indicate more index values. Thus, the payload of the message can be used efficiently to transmit control information and multimedia data.

[0084] Figure 4 is a schematic structural block diagram of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of this application. The electronic device 400 shown in Figure 4 can serve as the first communication device in the above embodiments. As shown in Figure 4, the electronic device 400 includes a processing unit 401 and a transmitting unit 402.

[0085] Processing unit 401 is used to generate a message including a header and a payload. The payload includes N specific fields, each of which carries either a first-type index or a second-type index, where N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1. The first-type index is used to indicate one or more control information. The second-type index is used to indicate multimedia data.

[0086] The sending unit 402 is used to send the message generated by the processing unit 401.

[0087] The specific functions and beneficial effects of the processing unit 401 and the sending unit 402 can be referred to the above embodiments, and will not be repeated here for the sake of brevity.

[0088] The processing unit 401 can be implemented by a processor, and the sending unit 402 can be implemented by a transmitter.

[0089] Figure 5 is a schematic structural block diagram of another electronic device provided in an embodiment of this application. The electronic device 500 shown in Figure 5 can serve as a second communication device in the above embodiments. As shown in Figure 5, the electronic device 500 includes an acquisition unit 501 and a processing unit 502.

[0090] The acquisition unit 501 is used to receive a message, which includes a message header and a payload.

[0091] Processing unit 502 is used to determine N specific fields in the payload. Each of the N specific fields is used to carry either a first-type index or a second-type index. The first-type index is used to indicate one or more control information, and the second-type index is used to indicate multimedia data. N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1.

[0092] The processing unit 502 is further configured to determine whether the N specific fields include a first specific field based on the index value carried by each specific field among the N specific fields. The first specific field is the specific field that carries the first type of index.

[0093] The processing unit 502 is further configured to process the message according to the control information indicated by the first type of index carried by the first specific field when the N specific fields include the first specific field.

[0094] The specific functions and beneficial effects of the acquisition unit 501 and the processing unit 502 can be referred to the above embodiments, and will not be repeated here for the sake of brevity.

[0095] The acquisition unit 501 can be implemented by a receiver. The processing unit 502 can be implemented by a processor.

[0096] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of another electronic device provided in an embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 6, the electronic device 600 includes a processor 601, which is used to execute computer programs or instructions stored in a memory 602, or to read data / signaling stored in the memory 602, to perform the methods in the above-described method embodiments. Optionally, there may be one or more processors 601.

[0097] The memory 602 is used to store computer programs or instructions and / or data. The memory 602 may be integrated with the processor 601, or it may be disposed separately. Optionally, there may be one or more memories 602.

[0098] Optionally, as shown in FIG6, the electronic device 600 further includes a transceiver 603 for receiving and / or transmitting signals. For example, the processor 601 is used to control the transceiver 603 to receive and / or transmit signals.

[0099] As one approach, electronic device 600 is used to implement the operations performed by the first communication device in the various method embodiments described above.

[0100] As an alternative, electronic device 600 is used to implement the operations performed by the second communication device in the various method embodiments described above.

[0101] It should be understood that the processor mentioned in the embodiments of this application can be a central processing unit (CPU), or other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSPs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc. A general-purpose processor can be a microprocessor or any conventional processor.

[0102] It should also be understood that the memory mentioned in the embodiments of this application can be volatile memory and / or non-volatile memory. Non-volatile memory can be read-only memory (ROM), programmable read-only memory (PROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), or flash memory. Volatile memory can be random access memory (RAM). For example, RAM can be used as an external cache. By way of example and not limitation, RAM includes the following forms: static random access memory (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), synchronous dynamic random access memory (SDRAM), double data rate synchronous dynamic random access memory (DDR SDRAM), enhanced synchronous dynamic random access memory (ESDRAM), synchronous linked dynamic random access memory (SLDRAM), and direct rambus RAM (DR RAM).

[0103] It should be noted that when the processor is a general-purpose processor, DSP, ASIC, FPGA, or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic device, or discrete hardware component, the memory (storage module) can be integrated into the processor.

[0104] It should also be noted that the memory described herein is intended to include, but is not limited to, these and any other suitable types of memory.

[0105] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of a chip system 700 provided in an embodiment of this application. The chip system 700 (or may also be called a processing system) includes logic circuits 701 and input / output interface 702.

[0106] The logic circuit 701 can be a processing circuit in the chip system 700. The logic circuit 701 can be coupled to a memory unit, calling instructions from the memory unit, enabling the chip system 700 to implement the methods and functions of the embodiments of this application. The input / output interface 702 can be an input / output circuit in the chip system 700, outputting processed information from the chip system 700, or inputting data or signaling information to be processed into the chip system 700 for processing.

[0107] As one option, the chip system 700 is used to implement the operations performed by the first communication device or the second communication device in the various method embodiments described above.

[0108] This application also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing computer instructions for implementing the methods executed by the first or second communication device in the above-described method embodiments.

[0109] For example, when the computer program is executed by an electronic device, the electronic device can implement the methods executed by the first communication device or the second communication device in the various embodiments of the above methods.

[0110] This application also provides a computer program product comprising instructions which, when executed by a computer, implement the methods performed by the first communication device or the second communication device in the above-described method embodiments.

[0111] This application also provides a communication system, including the aforementioned first communication device or second communication device.

[0112] The explanations and beneficial effects of the relevant contents in any of the devices provided above can be found in the corresponding method embodiments provided above, and will not be repeated here.

[0113] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A communication method, characterized in that, The method includes: Generate a message, the message including a message header and a payload, the payload including N specific fields, each of the N specific fields being used to carry a first type index or a second type index respectively, the first type index being used to indicate one or more control information, the second type index being used to indicate multimedia data, and N being a positive integer greater than or equal to 1; Send the message.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The N specific fields include N1 first specific fields. Each of the N1 first specific fields carries the first type of index. N1 is greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to N. Each first type of index is one of M preset values. The M preset values ​​correspond one-to-one with M control information. M is greater than or equal to 1.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, When N1 is less than N, the N specific fields also include N2 second specific fields, each of the N2 second specific fields carrying the second type of index, and the sum of N1 and N2 is N.

4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The method further includes: The N specific fields are determined from the multiple fields included in the load.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that, Determining the N specific fields from the multiple fields included in the load includes: Based on the target quantization method, the N specific fields are determined, wherein the value of the first type of index is determined by quantizing the encoded multimedia data using the target quantization method.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The determination of the N specific fields based on the target quantization method includes: When the target quantization method is Residual Vector Quantization (RVQ), the N fields in the payload used to carry the last N residual layers among the multiple residual layers are determined as the N specific fields, and the multiple residual layers are obtained by quantizing the encoded multimedia data using RVQ.

7. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that, Determining the N specific fields from the multiple fields included in the load includes: When the payload includes multimedia data, the N fields in the payload used to carry repetitive or similar data are determined as the N specific fields based on the content of the multimedia data.

8. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, The message header includes location indication information, which is used to indicate the position of the N specific fields in the payload.

9. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, The payload also includes at least one regular field, which is used only to carry multimedia data.

10. A communication method, characterized in that, The method includes: Receive a message, the message including a header and a payload; N specific fields are determined in the payload, each of the N specific fields is used to carry a first type index or a second type index respectively, the first type index is used to indicate one or more control information, and the second type index is used to indicate multimedia data, where N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1; Based on the index value carried by each of the N specific fields, determine whether the N specific fields include a first specific field, where the first specific field is the specific field that carries the first type of index; If the first specific field is included among the N specific fields, the message is processed according to the control information indicated by the first type of index carried by the first specific field.

11. The method according to claim 10, characterized in that, The first type of index carried by the first specific field is one of M preset values, and the M preset values ​​correspond one-to-one with M control information, where M is greater than or equal to 1.

12. The method according to claim 10 or 11, characterized in that, The N specific fields include N1 of the first specific fields, where N1 is greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to N.

13. The method according to claim 12, characterized in that, When N1 is less than N, the N specific fields also include N2 second specific fields, each of the N2 specific fields carrying the second type of index, and the sum of N1 and N2 is N.

14. The method according to any one of claims 10 to 13, characterized in that, The message header includes location indication information, which is used to indicate the position of the N specific fields in the payload; Determining the N specific fields in the load includes: Based on the location indication information, the N specific fields are determined from the load.

15. The method according to any one of claims 10 to 14, characterized in that, The payload also includes at least one regular field, which is used only to carry multimedia data.

16. An electronic device, characterized in that, The electronic device includes a unit for performing the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 9, or a unit for performing the method as described in any one of claims 10 to 15.

17. An electronic device, characterized in that, include: A processor configured to be coupled to a memory, read and execute instructions and / or program code in the memory to perform the method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, or to perform the method as claimed in any one of claims 10 to 15.

18. A chip system, characterized in that, include: A logic circuit for coupling with an input / output interface, through which data is transmitted to perform the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 9, or to perform the method as described in any one of claims 10 to 15.

19. A computer-readable medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable medium stores program code that, when executed on an electronic device, causes the electronic device to perform the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 9, or to perform the method as described in any one of claims 10 to 15.

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