Switchable positive and negative resistance elements let a rotary traveling wave oscillator reverse wave direction in real time without power cycling.
Substrate conductive lines provide LC oscillator inductance to cut noise-induced jitter and avoid costly thick-metal VCO fabrication.
An inductive interposer between gate and drain controls mutual inductance and high-frequency feedback in power MOSFET bus layouts.
Metal-impurity gettering in the substrate scatters laser beams, raising fault-injection power without adding circuit overhead or chip area.
Variable inductance tuning replaces capacitor banks in a DCO to improve frequency resolution, reduce noise sensitivity, and save SoC area.
A MIM reflector, resonator, waveguide, and horn aperture improve horizontal terahertz emission while limiting leakage across a wide band.
Embedding I/O power lines in each I/O cell keeps source connections low impedance while reducing wide power-line area in system LSI layouts.
A grounded gate-connected field plate in a III-nitride HEMT cuts Miller capacitance while preserving high-frequency response and simpler fabrication.
Resistive heating raises the cooling element’s minimum temperature to cut thermal cycling stress and extend frequency converter semiconductor life.
Grounded isolation wires placed between dense circuit blocks suppress electromagnetic coupling and preserve signal integrity in high-frequency layouts.
Protective lines and logic gates let an IC self-test for probing or physical tampering by checking output responses to test patterns.
A split pad layout adds a TSV tail to conventional I/O pads, preserving proven cell structures while enabling 3D IC interconnection.
A thermal barrier package and stacked lower-threshold device keep high-temperature semiconductors offloading heat from the PCB while limiting leakage.
Rotationally offset memory chips align matching I/O pads, shortening interconnect paths to cut signal delay and raise stack density.
Random shorts from conductor spacing and mask variation create unique on-chip IDs and private keys without fuses or added chip area.
Wireless front-to-back chip shielding detects backside breaches through resonant return-signal changes and can reset the IC on attack.
An auxiliary power input placed closer to circuit cells reduces line resistance variation and stabilizes display driving signals.