Electromagnetic emergency braking device for vehicles.

Description

/ 7 Electromagnetic emergency braking device for vehicles. Utility model field

[001] This utility model refers to an electromagnetic emergency braking device for vehicles, applied in the field of automotive safety, more specifically in the area of ​​road safety, with the purpose of assisting in the braking of trucks, trailers, buses and other automobiles, with compromised brakes on slopes. The braking device has the advantages of preserving the lives of drivers and passengers without extensively damaging the vehicle or the environment. Fundamentals of the utility model

[002] With the constant expansion of road transport, various road safety devices have been developed to prevent accidents caused by brake failures in vehicles, especially on steep downhill stretches.

[003] Among the most common solutions are runaway ramps, which emerged as an alternative for out-of-control trucks and buses. These ramps, usually built alongside the main roadway, use materials such as sand, gravel, or porous concrete to increase friction and gradually slow down vehicles until they come to a complete stop. However, their main disadvantage is the need for large tracts of land for their construction, which may be unfeasible in mountainous regions and in urbanized areas or areas with difficult geography.

[004] Another solution is deformable impact barriers and runoff areas with gravel traps, which follow the same principle as ramps, but adapted for different types of roads. Although effective, the barriers Petition 870260030719, dated 01 / 04 / 2026, page 6 / 19 / 7 Deformable brakes do not always guarantee complete braking of very heavy vehicles and may require high maintenance and replacement costs after each use. Gravel traps, on the other hand, may have their efficiency reduced if not properly maintained, as compaction of the material over time can decrease their deceleration capacity. Furthermore, some roads may not have enough space to install these devices at strategic points.

[005] In recent years, technology has brought innovations such as automatic emergency braking (AEB) systems, which use sensors and radar to detect obstacles and activate the brakes before a collision. Although these systems represent a major advance in road safety, they still have limitations, such as difficulties in correctly identifying all types of obstacles in adverse conditions, such as heavy rain or fog. In addition, they are expensive technologies, making them inaccessible to older or low-cost vehicles.

[006] Searching Brazilian and international patent databases revealed the following findings.

[007] Chinese patent CN204690641U, entitled “Magnetic Deceleration Strip”, discloses a magnetic deceleration strip composed of a magnetic deceleration plate and force control means. These components are leveled and placed under the road surface for speed reduction. The device causes the car to slow down steadily using magnetism, which produces no noise and influences the comfort of the ride.

[008] The magnetic deceleration strip of patent CN204690641U has an effectiveness that depends on tire grip and direct contact with the road surface, which can be compromised in adverse conditions such as rain, ice or road wear. Furthermore, its installation requires planned areas, necessitating the closure of the road for long periods for adaptation. Petition 870260030719, dated 01 / 04 / 2026, page 7 / 19 / 7

[009] Korean patent KR20210141008A, entitled “Magnetic road safety device”, discloses a road safety fence using a magnet, which includes a plurality of pillar structures and a plurality of locking plates installed between the pillar structures. The present utility model allows the repulsive force of a magnet, generated when opposite poles meet, to reduce the speed of a vehicle in a collision. The vehicle has an N-pole magnet fixed to the outside of the body and, upon colliding with the road safety fence, which has an internal S-pole magnet, the impact applied to the vehicle will be reduced.

[010] Patent KR20210141008A, which uses magnetic repulsion in safety fences to reduce impacts, has limitations related to its practical application and braking efficiency. The principle of magnetic repulsive force may be effective in reducing collisions, but it does not guarantee controlled deceleration of the vehicle before impact. Furthermore, this system depends on the correct polarization of the magnets between the fence and the vehicle, which can generate inconsistencies if the orientation of the magnetic fields is not perfectly aligned. Finally, permanent magnets exposed to the elements are subject to magnetic field degradation over time, reducing the effectiveness of the device.

[011] Chinese patent CN213173485U, entitled “Expressway Guard Fence Protection Device”, discloses a damping device for highway guard fences consisting of two fences equipped with limiting rods, each containing three magnets positioned in layers. Between the magnets, there is a magnetic insulation plate and, on the front, a layer of rubber for impact absorption. When a vehicle collides with the fence, the impact is initially dampened by the rubber layer. Then, the repulsive force between the magnets of the same pole further reduces the energy of the collision, decreasing damage to the vehicle and the fence structure. Petition 870260030719, dated 01 / 04 / 2026, page 8 / 19 / 7

[012] Patent CN213173485U, which combines magnets and damping layers in road safety fences, faces similar challenges to the device in patent KR20210141008A, as its action only occurs at the moment of collision, without an effective preventive braking mechanism. This system functions more as an impact absorber than as a real deceleration method, meaning that vehicle damage and risks to occupants remain high. Furthermore, the need for constant maintenance after each collision and the limitation of application to specific road sections make this solution less versatile than the proposed electromagnetic side braking device, which offers a progressive reduction in speed without destructive contact.

[013] Prior inventions present the following problems, shortcomings and technical inefficiencies which have been resolved by the present invention shown below: a. Several devices disclosed in the prior art can only be installed in pre-planned locations, restricting their use to specific sections of highways. This patent solves the problem by providing a device that can be installed along various highways without major infrastructure modifications, expanding its applicability and increasing safety on different routes. b. Several devices disclosed in the prior art are based on direct collision damping, which only acts after the vehicle hits the fence, resulting in injuries, or even the fatality of the driver, as well as significant damage to the vehicle and the highway structure. This patent solves the problem through a system that prevents the collision, allowing the vehicle to decelerate before hitting any physical barrier, reducing risks to drivers, passengers and, in the case of toxic or flammable cargo, to the environment. Petition 870260030719, dated 01 / 04 / 2026, page 9 / 19 / 7 c. Several devices disclosed in the prior art are based on direct collision damping, requiring frequent repairs after use, resulting in high maintenance costs. This is solved by the present patent through a lateral electromagnetic braking plate that does not suffer significant wear, as it uses electromagnetic forces to brake vehicles, reducing the need for frequent repairs and extending its service life. d. Escape ramps disclosed in the prior art require the vehicle to enter a specific location to function, and if the driver fails to access them in time, the system becomes useless. This patent solves the problem by providing a system that can be installed along continuous stretches of highway, allowing the vehicle to decelerate at any point on the highway without the need to travel a long distance with compromised brakes; and without the need for a precise maneuver to access a specific ramp. Brief description of the drawings

[014] For a better understanding of the present patent, the following figures are attached: Figure 1 illustrates the front view of the electromagnetic braking assembly, showing a car (AM) with the plate (1) installed; and showing the safety structure (2), composed of the electromagnet (20) connected to the wall (21) by the fulcrum (200); Figure 2 illustrates the side view of a car (AM) with the plate (1) installed; Figure 3 illustrates the top view of a car (AM) traveling along a road with the safety structure (2) installed; Figure 4 illustrates the top view of a car (AM) using the electromagnetic braking system when performing an emergency stop (P), by touching the plate (1) to the electromagnet (20) of the safety structure (2); Petition 870260030719, dated 01 / 04 / 2026, p. 10 / 19 / 7 Figure 5 illustrates the side view and the cap (31) that can be used in place of the plate (1); Figure 6 illustrates the side view of a car (AM) with the hubcap (31) installed; and Figure 7 illustrates the side view of an alternative car with two plates (1) installed. Description of the utility model

[015] As shown in figures 1 and 2, the electromagnetic braking assembly has a rectangular metal plate (1) fixed to the chassis of a car (AM) by means of a plurality of supports (10); and has a safety structure (2), consisting of an electromagnet (20) fixed to the wall (21) by means of a fulcrum (200); and a wall (21), preferably made of concrete, or similar.

[016] As shown in figure 5, as an alternative to the metal plate (1), a metal hubcap (31), preferably made of steel, can be installed on the wheels of the automobile (AM).

[017] As shown in figure 7, alternatively, two or more metal plates (1) can be used on the same side of the car (AM). Examples of utility model realizations

[018] According to figure 1, the supports (10) of the plate (1) should preferably be fixed directly to the chassis of the vehicle (AM) and, if possible, aligned with the center of mass. In this way, emergency braking will cause less damage to the vehicle structure.

[019] Ideally, the metal plate (1) of the electromagnetic braking assembly is installed on trucks and trailers. Petition 870260030719, dated 01 / 04 / 2026, page 11 / 19 / 7

[020] Ideally, the wall (21) used for installing the electromagnet (20) is the one already available on highways, being only adapted to supply energy, reducing installation costs. Alternatively, the guardrails present on the highways can be used instead of the wall (21).

[021] According to figures 5 and 6, preferably the hubcap (31) is installed on vehicles that cannot have a plate (1) on their sides, such as buses, minibuses, vans, etc.

[022] In the case of smaller vehicles, such as popular cars, SUVs, sedans, etc., these can make use of the electromagnet (20) fixed to the wall (21) directly. The electromagnetic force exerted on the metal side of these types of vehicles by the electromagnet (20) is sufficient to stop them, taking into account their weight.

[023] According to figures 3 and 4, when a car (AM), traveling on a road where the electromagnetic braking system is installed, becomes uncontrollable due to mechanical failures such as brake failure, the driver can guide the car to the safety structure (2). The driver brings the plate (1) close to the electromagnet (20) until electromagnetic attraction occurs. The friction generated by the electromagnet (20) in contact with the plate (1) will gradually reduce the speed of the car (AM), reducing the impact and bringing the car (AM) to a complete stop without extensive damage, thus preserving lives, cargo and the environment. After the accident, operators and rescuers can demagnetize the electromagnet (20) to remove the car (AM) from the site, freeing the flow. Petition 870260030719, dated 01 / 04 / 2026, page 12 / 19

Claims

CLAIMS 1. ELECTROMAGNETIC EMERGENCY BRAKING DEVICE FOR VEHICLES, characterized by the electromagnetic braking assembly having a rectangular metal plate (1) fixed to the chassis of a car (AM) by means of a plurality of supports (10); and having a safety structure (2), composed of an electromagnet (20) fixed to a wall (21); and a wall (21).

2. ELECTROMAGNETIC EMERGENCY BRAKING DEVICE FOR VEHICLES, according to claim 1, characterized by, alternatively, making use of two or more metal plates (1) on the same side of the automobile (AM).

3. ELECTROMAGNETIC EMERGENCY BRAKING DEVICE FOR VEHICLES, according to claim 1, characterized by, alternatively to the metal plate (1), installing a metal cap (31), preferably made of steel, on the wheels of the automobile (AM).

4. ELECTROMAGNETIC EMERGENCY BRAKING DEVICE FOR VEHICLES, according to claim 1, characterized by alternatively making use of the guardrails present on highways in place of the barrier (21). Petition 870260030719, dated 01 / 04 / 2026, page 13 / 19

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