A pelvic fracture reduction device and method of operation

Abstract

A pelvis fracture reduction device, comprising a proximal end reduction mechanism, a distal end reduction mechanism and a connecting rod; the proximal end reduction mechanism comprises a first frame, a first positioning assembly mounted on the first frame for fixing the proximal end bone of the affected side; the distal end reduction mechanism comprises a second frame, an adjusting frame hinged with the second frame, a second positioning assembly mounted on the second frame for fixing the distal end bone of the affected side, a third positioning assembly arranged on the adjusting frame for fixing the distal end bone of the affected side; the first frame and the second frame are connected through the connecting rod. After the pelvis fracture and displacement occur, the distal end bone of the affected side and the proximal end bone of the affected side are reduced and closed through the external reduction device. The reduction precision is high, the recovery speed of the patient is fast, and the bone recovery effect is better. At the same time, the large range of scars left by incision of the fracture site is avoided.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the field of medical devices, and particularly relates to a pelvis fracture reduction device and an operation method. BACKGROUND

[0002] Fractures of the superior ramus of the pubis and the anterior column of the acetabulum are common in clinical practice. Different treatment methods can be adopted according to whether the fractured bone is displaced, including the following:

[0003] 1. Percutaneous closed nail insertion under the assistance of X-ray or a surgical robot. The treatment method of percutaneous nail insertion is non-invasive and is an ideal fixation method for fixing the superior ramus of the pubis or the anterior column of the acetabulum.

[0004] 2. Open reduction and plate internal fixation. The fractured part is opened, and then internal fixation is performed by a plate after reduction.

[0005] In the above two treatment methods, the fractures of the superior ramus of the pubis and the anterior column of the acetabulum are usually caused by high-energy injury, and the fractured bone is mostly displaced. In addition, it is difficult to perform closed reduction on the fractured bone due to the rich muscles, nerves and blood vessels around the fractured bone. The existing surgical robot can only assist in nail insertion and cannot reduce the fracture. Therefore, percutaneous nail insertion is only suitable for non-displaced fractures of the superior ramus of the pubis or the anterior column of the acetabulum. However, the open reduction and internal fixation method causes a large incision and leaves obvious scars.

[0006] Therefore, it is urgent to develop an auxiliary positioning device that can reduce the fracture without opening the fractured part, and at the same time requires high reduction accuracy of the fractured bone. SUMMARY

[0007] The purpose of the present application is to provide an in-vitro installed pelvis reduction device, which is fixedly connected to the fractured and displaced bone by a Kirschner wire inserted into the fractured part, and is used in combination with an X-ray or other medical perspective device to correct the posture of the fractured and displaced bone and to reduce the fracture. The device has the functions of linear reduction and rotational reduction, and can make the posture of the reduced bone more accurate.

[0008] For the convenience of distinction and description, in the present application, the part of the bone normally connected to the body is named as the proximal bone of the affected side, and the part of the bone fractured and separated from the body is named as the distal bone of the affected side. The distal bone of the affected side that is displaced needs to be adjusted and reduced during the treatment.

[0009] The present application is implemented by the following technical solutions:

[0010] A pelvic fracture reduction device includes a proximal reduction mechanism, a distal reduction mechanism and a connecting rod; the proximal reduction mechanism includes a first frame, a first positioning component installed on the first frame for fixing the proximal bone of the affected side; the distal reduction mechanism includes a second frame, an adjustment frame hinged to the second frame, a second positioning component installed on the second frame for fixing the distal bone of the affected side, and a third positioning component arranged on the adjustment frame for fixing the distal bone of the affected side; the first frame and the second frame are connected by a connecting rod.

[0011] Through the above-described scheme, the present invention achieves at least the following technical effects: a first positioning assembly on the first frame secures the proximal bone on the affected side, a second positioning assembly on the second frame secures the distal bone on the affected side, and a connecting rod connects the first frame and the second frame, thereby achieving alignment and resetting of the distal bone and the proximal bone on the affected side along the axis of the connecting rod. Because the adjustment frame is hinged to the second frame, the adjustment frame can move about the hinge point. The third positioning assembly mounted on the adjustment frame and the second positioning assembly form two points for securing the distal bone on the affected side. Rotation of the adjustment frame changes the position of one of the two points, thereby driving the distal bone on the affected side to rotate and adjust its posture, aligning it with the fracture of the proximal bone on the affected side at a more accurate angle and position. After adjustment, pressure is applied to the proximal and distal reduction mechanisms to push the distal and proximal bones closer together, ultimately achieving the effect of resetting and closing the distal and proximal bones on the affected side by an external reduction device after a fracture and displacement of the superior pubic ramus of the pelvis. The high reduction accuracy makes the patient recover faster and the bone recovery effect better. At the same time, it avoids cutting the fracture site and leaving a large scar.

[0012] Preferably, the first positioning assembly includes a first positioning seat connected to the first frame and a plurality of first fixing bolts, the first positioning seat is provided with a plurality of first positioning holes, any of the first positioning holes is equipped with a first positioning piece, and the first positioning seat fixes the first positioning piece through a plurality of first fixing bolts; the first positioning piece includes a Kirschner wire or a combination structure of a Kirschner wire and a hollow screw.

[0013] The first positioning component is used to fix with the proximal bone of the affected side as the supporting body of the reduction device. Multi-point fixation can enhance the stability of the proximal reduction mechanism, avoid the deviation of the distal reduction mechanism due to unstable installation of the proximal reduction mechanism, and ultimately lead to inaccurate reduction.

[0014] Preferably, the second positioning assembly includes a second positioning seat connected to the second frame and a plurality of second fixing bolts, the second positioning seat is provided with a second positioning hole, the second positioning hole is matched with a second positioning piece, and the second positioning seat fixes the second positioning piece through a plurality of second fixing bolts; the second positioning piece includes a combination structure of a Kirschner wire and a hollow screw.

[0015] The second positioning assembly is used to fix the distal bone of the affected side, and since the second positioning assembly needs to form two points to fix the distal bone of the affected side together with the third positioning assembly, only one second positioning hole is opened on the second positioning seat. When the distal bone of the affected side is rotated to reset, the connection between the second positioning assembly and the distal bone of the affected side is used as a base point for rotation. Meanwhile, the second positioning assembly and the first positioning assembly form a fixed point for aligning and resetting the distal bone of the affected side with the proximal bone of the affected side along the direction of the connecting rod.

[0016] Preferably, the third positioning assembly comprises a third positioning seat connected with the adjusting frame body and a plurality of third fixing bolts, the third positioning seat is provided with a third positioning hole, the third positioning hole is matched with a third positioning member, and the third positioning member is fixed by the plurality of third fixing bolts; the third positioning member comprises a Kirschner wire or a combination structure of a Kirschner wire and a cannulated screw.

[0017] The third positioning assembly is used to fix the distal bone of the affected side, and since the third positioning assembly needs to form two points to fix the distal bone of the affected side together with the second positioning assembly, only one third positioning hole is opened on the third positioning seat. When the distal bone of the affected side is rotated to reset, the connection between the second positioning assembly and the distal bone of the affected side is used as a base point for rotation, and meanwhile, the connection between the third positioning assembly and the distal bone of the affected side is rotated according to the change of the rotation angle, so as to avoid that the distal bone of the affected side is stressed and the injury is aggravated.

[0018] In the above scheme, the positioning member can be selected according to the patient's condition. The combination of the Kirschner wire and the cannulated screw is that the Kirschner wire is used as a pre-positioning and guide needle, and after the posture adjustment and reset are completed, the cannulated screw is placed into the bone fracture along the track of the Kirschner wire to be connected and fixed. This kind of way has high precision and high fault tolerance. The screw can directly fix the bone, and can be clinically selected according to the size and condition of the affected part.

[0019] Preferably, the second positioning hole matched with the second positioning member is a combination structure of a Kirschner wire and a cannulated screw; the Kirschner wire is arranged in the second positioning hole and is used to be nailed into the bone, and the cannulated screw is slidingly arranged on the Kirschner wire and is used to be nailed into the bone along the needle body axis of the Kirschner wire.

[0020] The first positioning member and the third positioning member are selected as the positioning structure of the Kirschner wire; and the second positioning member is selected as the combined structure of the Kirschner wire and the hollow screw. Since the diameter of the Kirschner wire is small, the diameter of the drill hole left on the distal bone of the affected side is small when the Kirschner wire is used, and the Kirschner wire can be applied to cases where the volume of the distal bone of the affected side is small. At the same time, since the diameter of the drill hole caused by the Kirschner wire is small, once an operation error occurs and the positioning is inaccurate, the Kirschner wire can be repositioned, thereby minimizing the influence of the abandoned drill hole on the bone, and avoiding the problem that once the positioning is inaccurate, the Kirschner wire cannot be repositioned due to the small volume of the distal bone of the affected side.

[0021] Preferably, the Kirschner wire is matched with a limiting sleeve, the limiting sleeve is sleeved on the needle body of the Kirschner wire, and the limiting sleeve is detachably embedded in the first positioning hole or the second positioning hole or the third positioning hole.

[0022] When accurate positioning of the Kirschner wire is required, the Kirschner wire can be matched with a limiting sleeve. At this time, the outer diameter of the limiting sleeve matches the inner diameter of the first positioning hole or the second positioning hole or the third positioning hole, and the hole diameter of the Kirschner wire and the limiting sleeve matches. After the limiting sleeve is fixed, the Kirschner wire is inserted into the bone through the through hole of the sleeve. The problem of inaccurate positioning caused by the fact that the inner diameter of the first positioning hole or the second positioning hole or the third positioning hole is greater than the Kirschner wire can be avoided. The reason why the inner diameter of the first positioning hole or the second positioning hole or the third positioning hole is greater than the diameter of the Kirschner wire is that after the Kirschner wire is positioned, the hollow screw needs to be inserted into the bone through the first positioning hole or the second positioning hole or the third positioning hole, so the inner diameter of the first positioning hole or the second positioning hole or the third positioning hole needs to meet the requirement that the hollow screw can pass through.

[0023] Preferably, the rod body of the connecting rod is a prismatic structure; the first frame body is provided with a first limiting member; the first limiting member includes a first limiting frame fixedly arranged on the first frame body and a plurality of limiting bolts, the inner cavity of the first limiting frame is a prismatic cavity body matched with the shape of the connecting rod; a first through hole in communication with the inner cavity of the first limiting frame is formed in the first frame body, and one end of the connecting rod is arranged in the inner cavity of the first limiting frame and / or the first through hole; and the connecting rod is fixed to the first limiting frame by the plurality of limiting bolts.

[0024] In order to make the proximal end reset mechanism slide along the connecting rod, make the reset more accurate, avoid the offset when force is applied to the proximal end reset mechanism, a first limiting component is arranged on the first frame body, and the first frame body slides on the connecting rod through the first limiting component, so as to limit the displacement direction of the proximal end reset mechanism. After the bone reset is completed, the closed state of the bone needs to be maintained for a period of time according to the clinical treatment experience, and therefore, the proximal end reset mechanism is fixed on the connecting rod through the limiting bolt.

[0025] Preferably, the second frame body is provided with a second limiting member; the second limiting member comprises a second limiting frame fixedly arranged on the second frame body and a plurality of limiting bolts, an inner cavity of the second limiting frame is a prism-shaped cavity body matched with the shape of the connecting rod; a second through hole in communication with the inner cavity of the second limiting frame is arranged on the second frame body, one end of the connecting rod is arranged in the inner cavity of the second limiting frame and / or the second through hole, and the connecting rod is fixed to the second limiting frame through the plurality of limiting bolts. The inner cavity of the second limiting frame matched with the shape of the rod body of the connecting rod makes the proximal end reset mechanism and the distal end reset mechanism not rotate and offset during the sliding along the connecting rod, and avoids the rotation and offset of the distal end bone of the affected side during the reset process.

[0026] In order to make the distal end reset mechanism slide along the connecting rod, make the reset more accurate, avoid the offset when force is applied to the distal end reset mechanism, a second limiting component is arranged on the second frame body, and the second frame body slides on the connecting rod through the second limiting component, so as to limit the displacement direction of the distal end reset mechanism. After the bone reset is completed, the closed state of the bone needs to be maintained for a period of time according to the clinical treatment experience, and therefore, the distal end reset mechanism is fixed on the connecting rod through the limiting bolt.

[0027] Preferably, the second frame body and the adjusting frame body are connected through a universal shaft, a hinge or a pin hinge.

[0028] The movement range of the adjusting frame body is affected by the form of connection, if the second frame body and the adjusting frame body are connected through a universal shaft, the adjusting frame body can rotate in any direction, so that the distal end bone of the affected side has higher operability when the posture reset is performed. In the case of hinge or pin hinge, the movement range of the adjusting frame body is relatively limited, and the adjusting frame body can only move in a limited direction, but the adjusting frame body is more stable and accurate during the movement. Therefore, the above-mentioned schemes can be used as alternative schemes, and are selected according to the patient condition.

[0029] The application also provides an operation method of the pelvis fracture reduction device, comprising the pelvis fracture reduction device in any one of the above, and comprising the following steps:

[0030] S1: positioning by X-ray or a surgical robot, and placing a Kirschner wire into the distal side bone and the proximal side bone of the fracture side respectively;

[0031] S2: installing the proximal side reduction mechanism, so that the first positioning hole on the first positioning seat cooperates with the Kirschner wire placed into the proximal side bone of the fracture side;

[0032] S3: placing the Kirschner wire into the remaining at least one first positioning hole on the first positioning seat and fixing the Kirschner wire in the corresponding first positioning hole through the first fixing bolt, so that the proximal side reduction mechanism is fixedly connected with the proximal side bone of the fracture side;

[0033] S4: installing the distal side reduction mechanism, so that the limiting sleeve in the second positioning hole on the second positioning seat cooperates with the Kirschner wire placed into the distal side bone of the fracture side;

[0034] S5: placing the Kirschner wire into the third positioning hole of the third positioning seat and fixing the Kirschner wire cooperating with the second positioning hole and the third positioning hole through the second and third fixing bolts, so that the distal side reduction mechanism is fixedly connected with the distal side bone of the fracture side;

[0035] S6: sequentially threading the connecting rod into the second through hole, the inner cavity of the second limiting frame, the inner cavity of the first limiting frame and the first through hole, so that the distal side reduction mechanism is connected with the proximal side reduction mechanism, and the distal side bone and the proximal side bone of the fracture side are aligned and reset;

[0036] S7: moving the adjusting frame body, so that the distal side bone of the fracture side is rotationally reset;

[0037] S8: reducing the distance between the distal side reduction mechanism and the proximal side reduction mechanism, so that the distal side bone and the proximal side bone of the fracture side after the operation of step S7 are closed and finally closed, and the reduction of the separated and displaced pelvis fracture is realized;

[0038] S9: taking out the Kirschner wire placed into the proximal side bone of the fracture side in step S1;

[0039] S10: advancing the Kirschner wire placed into the distal side bone of the fracture side in step S1, so that the Kirschner wire is placed into the distal side bone and the proximal side bone of the fracture side;

[0040] S11: taking out the limiting sleeve in the second positioning hole, placing a hollow screw in the second positioning hole, and placing the hollow screw along the Kirschner wire placed into the distal side bone and the proximal side bone of the fracture side, so that the distal side bone and the proximal side bone of the fracture side are fixedly connected through the hollow screw;

[0041] S12: remove the reset device, complete the reset and fixation of the pelvic fracture.

[0042] Through the above scheme, the application has at least the following technical effects: after the pelvic fracture and displacement, the distal bone of the affected side and the proximal bone of the affected side are reset and closed by the external reset device. The reset precision is high, the recovery speed of the patient is fast, and the bone recovery effect is better. At the same time, the large range of scars left by incision of the fracture site is avoided. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0043] Figure 1 The Kirschner wire pre-positioning diagram provided by the application in an embodiment.

[0044] Figure 2 The installation proximal reset mechanism diagram provided by the application in an embodiment.

[0045] Figure 3 The fixed proximal reset mechanism diagram provided by the application in an embodiment.

[0046] Figure 4 The installation distal reset mechanism diagram provided by the application in an embodiment.

[0047] Figure 5 The fixed distal reset mechanism diagram provided by the application in an embodiment.

[0048] Figure 6 The installation connecting rod diagram provided by the application in an embodiment.

[0049] Figure 7 The rotating adjustment frame body to rotate reset diagram provided by the application in an embodiment.

[0050] Figure 8 The complete reset diagram of the suprapubic branch of the pelvis provided by the application in an embodiment.

[0051] Figure 9 The proximal reset mechanism to extract Kirschner wire diagram provided by the application in an embodiment.

[0052] Figure 10 The distal reset mechanism Kirschner wire to penetrate the bone diagram provided by the application in an embodiment.

[0053] Figure 11 The take-out limiting sleeve diagram provided by the application in an embodiment.

[0054] Figure 12 The hollow screw diagram provided by the application in an embodiment.

[0055] Figure 13A schematic diagram for completing the pubic superior ramus reduction of the pelvis provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0056] Legend:

[0057] 1 proximal reduction mechanism; 2 distal reduction mechanism; 3 connecting rod; 5 fixing bolt; 6 limiting bolt;

[0058] 11 first frame body; 12 first positioning assembly;

[0059] 21 second frame body; 22 second positioning assembly; 23 adjusting frame body; 24 third positioning assembly;

[0060] 41 first positioning member; 42 second positioning member; 43 third positioning member;

[0061] 111 first limiting assembly; 112 first limiting frame; 113 first through hole;

[0062] 121 first positioning seat; 122 first positioning hole;

[0063] 211 second limiting assembly; 212 second limiting frame; 213 second through hole;

[0064] 221 second positioning seat; 222 second positioning hole;

[0065] 241 third positioning seat; 242 third positioning hole;

[0066] 411 limiting sleeve; 412 Kirschner wire; 413 cannulated screw DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0067] The present application will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings and embodiments.

[0068] Please refer to Figures 1-13 .

[0069] Embodiment 1:

[0070] A pelvis fracture reduction device, comprising a proximal reduction mechanism 1, a distal reduction mechanism 2 and a connecting rod 3; the proximal reduction mechanism 1 comprises a first frame body 11, a first positioning assembly 12 mounted on the first frame body 11 for fixing the proximal bone of the affected side; the distal reduction mechanism 2 comprises a second frame body 21, an adjusting frame body 23 hinged to the second frame body 21, a second positioning assembly 22 mounted on the second frame body 21 for fixing the distal bone of the affected side, a third positioning assembly 24 provided on the adjusting frame body 23 for fixing the distal bone of the affected side; the first frame body 11 and the second frame body 21 are connected through the connecting rod 3.

[0071] It should be noted that the pelvic fracture reduction device of the present invention can be used to reduce fractures of the superior pubic ramus of the pelvis or the anterior column of the acetabulum. In the process of reducing the superior pubic ramus of the pelvis using the pelvic fracture reduction device, the first positioning assembly 12 on the first frame 11 fixes the proximal bone on the affected side, the second positioning assembly 22 on the second frame 21 fixes the distal bone on the affected side, and the connecting rod 3 connects the first frame 11 and the second frame 21 to achieve alignment and reduction of the distal bone and the proximal bone on the affected side along the axial direction of the connecting rod 3. Because the adjustment frame 23 is hinged to the second frame 21, the adjustment frame 23 can move around the hinge point. The third positioning assembly 24 mounted on the adjustment frame 23 and the second positioning assembly 22 constitute two points for fixing the distal bone on the affected side. By rotating the adjustment frame 23, the position of one of the two points changes, thereby driving the distal bone on the affected side to rotate and adjust its posture so that it corresponds to the fracture of the proximal bone on the affected side at a more accurate angle and position. After adjustment, pressure is applied to the proximal and distal reduction mechanisms 1 and 2 to push the distal and proximal bones of the affected side closer together. Ultimately, after a fracture and displacement of the superior pubic ramus of the pelvis, the external reduction device can reposition and close the distal and proximal bones. This high reduction accuracy speeds recovery and improves bone restoration. It also avoids the risk of extensive scarring caused by incising the fracture site.

[0072] In addition, the principle of using the pelvic fracture reduction device to achieve acetabular anterior column fracture reduction can be referred to the aforementioned process of achieving pelvic superior pubic ramus fracture reduction, which will not be described in detail here.

[0073] Example 2:

[0074] Based on Example 1, the technical solution was improved as follows:

[0075] In one embodiment, in order to achieve fixed installation of the proximal reduction mechanism 1 and the proximal bone of the affected side, the first positioning assembly 12 includes a first positioning seat 121 connected to the first frame 11 and a plurality of first fixing bolts 5. The first positioning seat 121 is provided with a plurality of first positioning holes 122. Any of the first positioning holes 122 is equipped with a first positioning member 41. The first positioning seat 121 fixes the first positioning member 41 through a plurality of first fixing bolts 5. The first positioning member 41 includes a Kirschner wire or a combination of a Kirschner wire and a hollow screw. The first positioning assembly 12 is used to be fixed to the proximal bone of the affected side as the supporting body of the reduction device. Multi-point fixation can enhance the stability of the proximal reduction mechanism 1 and avoid the displacement of the distal reduction mechanism 2 due to unstable installation of the proximal reduction mechanism 1, which ultimately leads to inaccurate reduction.

[0076] In an embodiment, to achieve the installation of the distal end reset mechanism 2 and the affected side distal end bone and to achieve the rotation reset effect, the second positioning assembly 22 comprises a second positioning seat 221 connected with the second frame body 21 and a plurality of second fixing bolts 5, the second positioning seat 221 is provided with a second positioning hole 222, the second positioning hole 222 is matched with a second positioning member 42, and the second positioning seat 221 is fixed with the second positioning member 42 through the plurality of second fixing bolts 5. The second positioning member 42 comprises a combination structure of a Kirschner wire and a cannulated screw. The second positioning assembly 22 is used for fixing the affected side distal end bone, and since the second positioning assembly 22 needs to form two points for fixing the affected side distal end bone together with the third positioning assembly 24, only one second positioning hole 222 is provided on the second positioning seat 221. When the affected side distal end bone is rotated and reset, the connection between the second positioning assembly 22 and the affected side distal end bone is taken as a base point for rotation. Meanwhile, the second positioning assembly 22 and the first positioning assembly 12 form a fixed point for aligning and resetting the affected side distal end bone and the affected side proximal end bone along the direction of the connecting rod 3.

[0077] In an embodiment, to achieve the installation of the distal end reset mechanism 2 and the affected side distal end bone and to achieve the rotation reset effect, the third positioning assembly 24 comprises a third positioning seat 241 connected with the adjusting frame body 23 and a plurality of third fixing bolts 5, the third positioning seat 241 is provided with a third positioning hole 242, the third positioning hole 242 is matched with a third positioning member 43, and the third positioning seat 241 is fixed with the third positioning member 43 through the plurality of third fixing bolts 5. The third positioning member 43 comprises a combination structure of a Kirschner wire or a Kirschner wire and a cannulated screw. The third positioning assembly 24 is used for fixing the affected side distal end bone, and since the third positioning assembly 24 needs to form two points for fixing the affected side distal end bone together with the second positioning assembly 22, only one third positioning hole 242 is provided on the third positioning seat 241. When the affected side distal end bone is rotated and reset, the connection between the second positioning assembly 22 and the affected side distal end bone is taken as a base point for rotation, and meanwhile, the connection between the third positioning assembly 24 and the affected side distal end bone is rotated according to the change of the rotation angle, so as to avoid the aggravation of the injury of the affected side distal end bone due to stress.

[0078] In the above embodiments, different instruments can be selected according to the patient's condition, for example, in one example, the first positioning member 41 and the third positioning member 43 can adopt a Kirschner wire, and the second positioning member 42 can adopt a combination structure of a Kirschner wire and a cannulated screw 413, as shown in FIG. 4B. The combination of the Kirschner wire and the cannulated screw 413 is that the Kirschner wire is used as a pre-positioning and guide needle, and after the posture adjustment and reset are completed, the cannulated screw 413 is placed into the bone fracture along the track of the Kirschner wire to be connected and fixed. This kind of mode has high precision and high fault tolerance. The screw can directly fix the bone, and in other examples, clinical selection can be made according to the size and condition of the affected part. Figure 12 ​

[0079] In an embodiment, to achieve the effect of precise positioning, as shown in Figure 10 and Figure 12 The second positioning member 42 matched with the second positioning hole 222 is a combination structure of a Kirschner wire 412 and a cannulated screw 413. The Kirschner wire 412 is arranged in the second positioning hole 222 and is used to be nailed into the bone. The cannulated screw 413 is sleeved on the Kirschner wire 412 and is used to be axially nailed into the bone along the needle body of the Kirschner wire 412. In this scheme, the combination structure of the Kirschner wire 412 and the cannulated screw 413 is selected as the second positioning member 42. Since the diameter of the Kirschner wire 412 is small, the diameter of the drill hole left on the distal bone of the affected side during use is small, and the combination structure can be applied to cases where the volume of the distal bone of the affected side is small. At the same time, since the diameter of the drill hole caused by the Kirschner wire 412 is small, in the case of operation failure leading to positioning error, repositioning can be performed, which maximally reduces the influence of the abandoned drill hole on the bone, and avoids the problem that once the positioning error occurs, the Kirschner wire cannot be re-nailed due to the small volume of the distal bone of the affected side.

[0080] In this scheme, the cannulated screw 413 is arranged at the second positioning hole 222 of the second frame body 21. Therefore, the diameter of the second positioning hole 222 is greater than the outer diameter of the cannulated screw 413, so that the cannulated screw 413 can be arranged in the bone along the preset path of the Kirschner wire 412 through the second positioning hole 222. It should be noted that for other positioning holes except the second positioning hole, the diameter thereof can be the same as or smaller than that of the second positioning hole.

[0081] In an embodiment, to enhance the precise positioning effect of the Kirschner wire, any Kirschner wire is matched with a limiting sleeve 411. The limiting sleeve 411 is sleeved on the needle body of the Kirschner wire, and the limiting sleeve 411 is detachably embedded in the first positioning hole 122 or the second positioning hole 222 or the third positioning hole 242. When precise positioning of the Kirschner wire is needed, the Kirschner wire can be used in combination with the limiting sleeve 411. At this time, the outer diameter of the limiting sleeve 411 matches the inner diameter of the first positioning hole 122 or the second positioning hole 222 or the third positioning hole 242, and the hole diameter of the Kirschner wire and the limiting sleeve matches. As shown in Figure 10As shown, after the limiting sleeve 411 is fixed, the Kirschner wire 412 is inserted into the bone through the through hole of the sleeve. The problem of inaccurate positioning caused by the inner diameter of the first positioning hole 122 or the second positioning hole 222 or the third positioning hole 242 being larger than the Kirschner wire 412 can be avoided. The inner diameter of the first positioning hole 122 or the second positioning hole 222 or the third positioning hole 242 is larger than the diameter of the Kirschner wire 412 because, after the Kirschner wire 412 is positioned, the cannulated screw 413 needs to be inserted into the bone through the first positioning hole 122 or the second positioning hole 222 or the third positioning hole 242, and therefore the inner diameter of the first positioning hole 122 or the second positioning hole 222 or the third positioning hole 242 needs to meet the requirement of allowing the cannulated screw 413 to pass through.

[0082] Embodiment 3:

[0083] On the basis of Embodiment 1 or Embodiment 2, the technical solutions are improved as follows:

[0084] In an embodiment, in order to limit the movement direction of the proximal reduction mechanism 1 and the distal reduction mechanism 2, the rod body of the connecting rod 3 is in a prismatic structure; the first frame body 11 is provided with a first limiting piece 111; the first limiting piece 111 includes a first limiting frame 112 fixedly arranged on the first frame body 11 and a plurality of limiting bolts 6, the inner cavity of the first limiting frame 112 is a prismatic cavity body matching the shape of the connecting rod 3; the first frame body 11 is provided with a first through hole 113 in communication with the inner cavity of the first limiting frame 112, one end of the connecting rod 3 is arranged in the inner cavity of the first limiting frame 112 and / or the first through hole 113, and the first limiting frame 112 is connected with the connecting rod 3 through the plurality of limiting bolts 6. In order to enable the proximal reduction mechanism 1 to slide along the connecting rod 3, make the reduction more accurate, and avoid the deviation when force is applied to the proximal reduction mechanism 1, the first limiting assembly is arranged on the first frame body 11, and the first frame body 11 slides on the connecting rod 3 through the first limiting assembly, thereby limiting the displacement direction of the proximal reduction mechanism 1. After the reduction of the bone is completed, the closed state of the bone needs to be maintained for a period of time according to the clinical treatment experience, and therefore the relative position of the proximal reduction mechanism 1 on the connecting rod 3 is fixed by fixing the proximal reduction device and the connecting rod 3 through the limiting bolts 6 passing through the screw holes arranged on the side wall of the first limiting frame 112. The rod body of the connecting rod 3 adopts a prismatic structure, i.e. a triangular prism, a quadrangular prism, an irregular prism, etc. The inner cavity of the first limiting frame 112 matching the shape of the rod body of the connecting rod 3 enables the proximal reduction mechanism 1 and the distal reduction mechanism 2 not to deviate in rotation during the sliding process along the connecting rod 3, thereby avoiding the rotation deviation of the distal bone of the affected side during the reduction process.

[0085] In an embodiment, in order to further limit the movement direction of the proximal reduction mechanism 1 and the distal reduction mechanism 2, the second frame body 21 is provided with a second limiting piece 211; the second limiting piece 211 comprises a second limiting frame 212 fixedly arranged on the second frame body 21 and a plurality of limiting bolts 6, and the inner cavity of the second limiting frame 212 is a prismatic cavity body matching the shape of the connecting rod 3; the second frame body 21 is provided with a second through hole 213 in communication with the inner cavity of the second limiting frame 212, one end of the connecting rod 3 is arranged in the inner cavity of the second limiting frame 212 and / or the second through hole 213, and the second limiting frame 212 is connected with the connecting rod 3 through the plurality of limiting bolts 6. In order to enable the distal reduction mechanism 2 to slide along the connecting rod 3, make the reduction more accurate, and avoid the distal reduction mechanism 2 from being deviated when force is applied, the second limiting assembly is arranged on the second frame body 21, the second frame body 21 slides on the connecting rod 3 through the second limiting assembly, and thus the displacement direction of the distal reduction mechanism 2 is limited. After the reduction of the skeleton is completed, the state of the skeleton needs to be kept closed for a period of time according to the clinical treatment experience, and therefore, in order to fix the relative position of the distal reduction mechanism 2 on the connecting rod 3, the distal reduction device is fixed with the connecting rod 3 through the limiting bolts 6 arranged in the screw holes arranged on the side wall of the second limiting frame 212. The inner cavity of the second limiting frame 212 matched with the shape of the rod body of the connecting rod 3 enables the proximal reduction mechanism 1 and the distal reduction mechanism 2 not to be deviated in rotation during the sliding process along the connecting rod 3, and avoids the rotation deviation of the distal skeleton of the affected side during the reduction process.

[0086] In an embodiment, in order to enable the adjusting frame body 23 to select appropriate hinged structures according to the patient's condition and achieve the required rotation adjustment angle, the second frame body 21 and the adjusting frame body 23 are hinged through a universal shaft, a hinge or a pin. The movement range of the adjusting frame body 23 is affected by the hinged form, if the second frame body 21 and the adjusting frame body 23 are hinged through a universal shaft, the adjusting frame body 23 can be rotated in any direction, and the posture reduction of the distal skeleton of the affected side has higher operability. If the second frame body 21 and the adjusting frame body 23 are hinged through a hinge or a pin, the movement range of the adjusting frame body 23 is relatively limited, and the adjusting frame body 23 can only move in a limited direction, but the adjusting frame body 23 is more stable and accurate during the movement. Therefore, the above-mentioned schemes can be used as alternative schemes, and are selected according to the patient's condition.

[0087] Embodiment 4:

[0088] The application also provides an operation method of the pelvis fracture reduction device, comprising the pelvis fracture reduction device in any one of the above-mentioned embodiments, and comprising the following steps:

[0089] S1: positioning through X-ray or a surgical robot, and arranging one Kirschner wire in the distal skeleton of the affected side and the proximal skeleton of the affected side of the pelvis fracture respectively;

[0090] S2: install the proximal end reset mechanism 1, so that the first positioning hole 122 on the first positioning seat 121 matches the Kirschner wire inserted into the proximal end bone of the affected side;

[0091] S3: insert the Kirschner wire into the remaining at least one first positioning hole 122 on the first positioning seat 121 towards the proximal end bone of the affected side, and fix the Kirschner wire in the corresponding first positioning hole 122 through the fixing bolt 5, so that the proximal end reset mechanism 1 is fixedly connected with the proximal end bone of the affected side;

[0092] S4: install the distal end reset mechanism 2, so that the limiting sleeve 411 in the second positioning hole 222 on the second positioning seat 221 matches the Kirschner wire inserted into the distal end bone of the affected side;

[0093] S5: insert the Kirschner wire into the third positioning hole 242 of the third positioning seat 241, and fix the Kirschner wire matched with the second positioning hole 222 and the third positioning hole 242 through the fixing bolt 5, so that the distal end reset mechanism 2 is fixedly connected with the distal end bone of the affected side;

[0094] S6: sequentially pass the connecting rod 3 through the second through hole 213, the inner cavity of the second limiting frame 212, the inner cavity of the first limiting frame 112, and the first through hole 113, so that the distal end reset mechanism 2 is connected with the proximal end reset mechanism 1, and the distal end bone of the affected side and the proximal end bone of the affected side are aligned and reset;

[0095] S7: move the adjusting frame body 23 to rotate the distal end bone of the affected side;

[0096] S8: reduce the distance between the distal end reset mechanism 2 and the proximal end reset mechanism 1, so that the distal end bone of the affected side and the proximal end bone of the affected side are closed after the operation in step S7, and the reset of the separated and displaced pelvic fracture is realized;

[0097] S9: remove the Kirschner wire inserted into the proximal end bone of the affected side in step S1;

[0098] S10: push the Kirschner wire inserted into the distal end bone of the affected side in step S1 into the distal end bone of the affected side and the proximal end bone of the affected side;

[0099] S11: remove the limiting sleeve 411 in the second positioning hole 222, place a hollow screw 413 in the second positioning hole 222, and insert the hollow screw 413 along the Kirschner wire inserted into the distal end bone of the affected side and the proximal end bone of the affected side, so that the distal end bone of the affected side and the proximal end bone of the affected side are fixedly connected through the hollow screw 413;

[0100] S12: remove the reset device, and complete the reset and fixation of the pelvic fracture.

[0101] After the pelvis fracture and displacement are achieved, the distal side bone and the proximal side bone are closed by the external reduction device, the reduction precision is high, the recovery speed of the patient is fast, and the bone recovery effect is better.

[0102] The various technical features in the above embodiments can be combined in any manner, as long as the combination of the features does not conflict or contradict.

[0103] The present application is not limited to the above embodiments, and various modifications or changes can be made to the present application without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application, and the present application is intended to include such modifications and changes if they fall within the scope of the claims of the present application and the equivalent technical scope.

Claims

1. A pelvic fracture reduction device, characterized in that: The support leg is fixed to the support frame, and the support leg is fixed with the support frame at the bottom, and the support leg is fixed with the support frame at the bottom. The bolt fixes the first positioning piece; the first positioning piece includes a Kirschner wire or a combination structure of a Kirschner wire and a hollow screw; the first fixing bolt fixes the Kirschner wire in the corresponding first positioning hole; the second positioning assembly includes a second positioning seat connected to the second frame and a number of second fixing bolts, the second positioning seat is provided with a second positioning hole, the second positioning hole is equipped with a second positioning piece, and the second positioning seat fixes the second positioning piece through a number of second fixing bolts; the second positioning piece includes a combination structure of a Kirschner wire and a hollow screw; the third positioning assembly includes a third positioning seat connected to the adjustment frame and a number of third fixing bolts, the third positioning seat is provided with a third positioning hole, the third positioning hole is equipped with a third positioning piece, and the third positioning seat fixes the third positioning piece through a number of third fixing bolts; the third positioning piece includes a Kirschner wire or a combination structure of a Kirschner wire and a hollow screw.

2. The pelvic fracture reduction device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second positioning member is a combination structure of a Kirschner wire and a hollow screw; the Kirschner wire is inserted into the second positioning hole and is used to be nailed into the bone; the hollow screw is slidably mounted on the Kirschner wire and is used to be nailed into the bone along the axis of the needle body of the Kirschner wire.

3. The pelvic fracture reduction device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The Kirschner wire is matched with a limiting sleeve, the limiting sleeve is slidably mounted on the needle body of the Kirschner wire, and the limiting sleeve is detachably embedded in the first positioning hole, the second positioning hole, or the third positioning hole.

4. The pelvic fracture reduction device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The rod body of the connecting rod is a prismatic structure; the first frame is provided with a first limit member; the first limit member includes a first limit frame fixedly arranged on the first frame and a plurality of limit bolts, and the inner cavity of the first limit frame is a prismatic hollow cavity matching the shape of the connecting rod; a first through hole connected to the inner cavity of the first limit frame is opened on the first frame, and one end of the connecting rod is passed through the inner cavity and / or the first through hole of the first limit frame; the connecting rod is fixed to the first limit frame by a plurality of limit bolts.

5. The pelvic fracture reduction device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The second frame is provided with a second limiting member; the second limiting member includes a second limiting frame fixedly provided on the second frame and a plurality of limiting bolts, the inner cavity of the second limiting frame is a prismatic hollow cavity matching the shape of the connecting rod; the second frame is provided with a second through hole communicating with the inner cavity of the second limiting frame, one end of the connecting rod is passed through the inner cavity and / or the second through hole of the second limiting frame, and the connecting rod is fixed to the second limiting frame by a plurality of limiting bolts.

6. The pelvic fracture reduction device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The second frame and the adjustment frame are hinged via a universal shaft, a hinge or a pin.

Images