A new type of bone transport intramedullary nail

Abstract

The present invention discloses a novel bone transport intramedullary nail, comprising an intramedullary nail main nail, the intramedullary nail main nail is a hollow structure, the intramedullary nail main nail comprises an intramedullary nail proximal end and an intramedullary nail main body, the intramedullary nail proximal end and the intramedullary nail main body are an integrated structure, the intramedullary nail proximal end has a diameter greater than the diameter of the intramedullary nail main body, the intramedullary nail proximal end is provided with a through dynamic screw hole and a static screw hole, an adjustment hole is provided on the intramedullary nail main body away from the intramedullary nail proximal end, a dynamic bone screw is installed in the dynamic screw hole, the dynamic bone screw can move axially along the dynamic screw hole, a tail cap is installed on the proximal side of the intramedullary nail, an elastic body 1 is provided between the tail cap and the dynamic bone screw, and a bone transport device for adjusting the movement of the fracture end is provided on the intramedullary nail main body. The elastic device can give stress stimulation to the bone segment, avoid stress shielding, accelerate fracture healing, reduce delayed fracture healing and non-union, and reduce the incidence of re-fracture after removing the intramedullary nail.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of medical devices, and in particular relates to a novel bone transport intramedullary nail. Background Art

[0002] In orthopedic clinics, patients with long bone defects caused by trauma, inflammation, tumors, etc. are generally treated with an external fixator transfer surgery, where osteotomy is performed at the proximal or distal end of the bone defect, and bone transfer is performed to repair the bone defect. The external fixator has a complex structure, and there are disadvantages such as the patient having to wear the frame for a long time, the nail channel is prone to infection, the bone screws or Steinmann wires used for fixation are prone to affect the sliding of muscles and tendons, and can easily cause joint stiffness, and the transferred bone segment is poorly aligned and requires multiple adjustments. Therefore, designing a bone transfer intramedullary nail that can be used for bone transfer and is suitable for different bone segment defects is a clinical problem that needs to be solved urgently. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a new type of bone transport intramedullary nail to solve the clinical problems of bone transport with external fixators proposed in the above background technology, such as long time for patients to wear the frame, easy infection of the nail channel, easy to cause joint stiffness, poor alignment of the transported bone segments, and the need for multiple adjustments.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0005] A novel bone transport intramedullary nail comprises an intramedullary nail main nail, which is a hollow structure and comprises a proximal end of the intramedullary nail and an intramedullary nail body. The proximal end of the intramedullary nail and the intramedullary nail body are an integrated structure. The diameter of the proximal end of the intramedullary nail is larger than the diameter of the intramedullary nail body. A through dynamic screw hole and a static screw hole are provided at the proximal end of the intramedullary nail. A through fixing screw hole is provided on the intramedullary nail body away from the proximal end of the intramedullary nail. A dynamic bone screw, a static bone screw and a fixed bone screw are respectively installed in the dynamic screw hole, the static screw hole and the fixing screw hole. The dynamic bone screw can move axially along the dynamic screw hole. A tail cap is installed at the end of the proximal end of the intramedullary nail. A bone transport device for adjusting the axial movement of the bone segment along the main nail of the intramedullary nail is provided on the intramedullary nail body.

[0006] Furthermore, an elastic body 1 is arranged between the tail cap and the dynamic bone screw.

[0007] Furthermore, the bone transport device is one of the following: a. It includes a sliding long groove arranged axially along the main body of the intramedullary nail, the sliding long groove is a double groove or a single groove, an outer guide sleeve is sleeved on the outer side of the sliding long groove, a corresponding inner guide sleeve is arranged inside the outer guide sleeve, the inner guide sleeve and the outer guide sleeve are fixed to the main body of the intramedullary nail by pins, the inner guide sleeve and the outer guide sleeve are provided with corresponding transport bone screw holes, and transport bone screws are installed in the holes; a connecting piece is arranged above the inner guide sleeve, an adjusting screw sleeve is arranged above the connecting piece, a lower magnetic body is fixedly arranged inside the adjusting screw sleeve, and the adjusting screw sleeve is aligned with the inner wall of the main body of the intramedullary nail Threaded connection; b. comprising a long sliding groove axially arranged along the main body of the intramedullary nail, an outer guide sleeve is sleeved on the outer side of the long sliding groove, the outer guide sleeve is fixed to the main body of the intramedullary nail by a pin, the outer guide sleeve is provided with a corresponding bone transfer screw hole, in which a bone transfer screw is installed; the inner end of the pin, that is, one end inside the main body of the intramedullary nail is provided with a connecting piece, a side groove is provided on the side wall of the connecting piece, one end of the pin is located in the side groove and can slide in the side groove, an adjusting screw sleeve is provided above the connecting piece, a lower magnetic body is fixedly provided in the adjusting screw sleeve, and the adjusting screw sleeve is threadedly connected to the inner wall of the main body of the intramedullary nail.

[0008] Furthermore, the connecting member is a connecting screw or an elastic body 2. When it is a connecting screw, the connecting screw is threadedly connected to the upper part of the inner guide sleeve, and an adjusting screw sleeve slidably connected to it is provided above the connecting screw; when it is an elastic body 2, the elastic body 2 is tightly connected to the adjusting screw sleeve and slidably connected to the upper part of the inner guide sleeve.

[0009] Furthermore, the bone transport device includes a long sliding groove arranged axially along the intramedullary nail body, an outer guide sleeve is mounted on the outer side of the long sliding groove, and the outer guide sleeve is fixed to the intramedullary nail body through a pin. The outer guide sleeve is provided with corresponding bone transport screw holes and pin holes, in which bone transport screws and pins are respectively installed, and the pin is fixedly installed on the auxiliary transport device arranged on the intramedullary nail body.

[0010] Furthermore, an auxiliary transport device is provided on the intramedullary nail body, and the auxiliary transport device includes an adjusting piece, an adjusting hole, and a pulling device provided on the intramedullary nail body. The adjusting piece includes an enlarged portion and an adjusting body. The enlarged portion and the adjusting body can be integrated or separated. The enlarged portion is located in the cavity of the inner guide sleeve, and the outer diameter of the enlarged portion is larger than the inner diameter of the lower end of the inner guide sleeve cavity. The other end of the adjusting body passes through the adjusting hole provided on the intramedullary nail body and is fastened to the pulling device.

[0011] Further, the pulling device is one of the following modes: a. The pulling device includes a rotating wheel, a fixed top screw 1, a fixed shaft, and a handle. The rotating wheel is cylindrical, and its outer wall is provided with a groove, a cable top screw hole, an adjusting body hole, and a fixed top screw hole. The adjusting body hole and the cable top screw hole 32 are connected. A cable top screw 1 is installed in the cable top screw hole, and a fixed top screw 1 is installed in the fixed top screw hole. A fixed shaft hole is axially provided, and the fixed shaft is penetrated through the fixed shaft hole and is slidably connected to the rotating wheel. The cable top screw 1 fixes one end of the adjusting body to the rotating wheel. The handle is located on the side wall of the rotating wheel and is tightly connected to the rotating wheel. The fixed top screw 1 fixes the rotating wheel to the fixed shaft. b. The pulling device includes a pulling rod, an adjusting nut, a fixing nut, and a base. The outer wall of the pulling rod is provided with threads, and one end of the pulling rod is provided with an axial or radial fixing hole. A cable top screw hole connected to the fixing hole is provided in the radial or axial direction, and a cable top screw 2 is installed in the cable top screw. The cable top screw 2 can fix one end of the adjusting body in the fixing hole of the pulling rod. The adjusting nut is threadedly connected to the pulling rod, and the fixing seat includes a base and a pulling hole. The fixing nut, the base, and the adjusting nut are sequentially mounted on the pulling rod; c. The pulling device includes a fixing seat , a fixed sleeve, an adjusting sleeve, and a fixed top screw 2. The fixed seat includes a base and a pulling hole 2. The fixed sleeve is a hollow sleeve, including a tail and a sleeve portion. The side wall of the tail is provided with a radial fixed top screw hole, in which a fixed top screw 2 of a fixed adjusting body is installed. The outer wall of the sleeve portion is provided with a thread, which is connected with the adjusting sleeve thread. The fixed sleeve abuts against the fixed seat, and one end of the adjusting body is passed through the fixed sleeve and the pulling hole 2; d. The pulling device includes a pulling rod, an adjusting nut, a spring 3, a scale sleeve, a fixed nut, and a base. The outer wall of the pulling rod is provided with a thread, and one end thereof An axial or radial fixing hole is provided, and a cable top screw hole connected to the fixing hole is provided radially or axially, in which a cable top screw 2 is installed, and the cable top screw 2 can fix one end of the adjusting body in the fixing hole of the pulling rod, and the adjusting nut is threadedly connected with the pulling rod, and the fixing seat includes a base and a pulling hole. The pulling rod is sequentially provided with a fixing nut, a base, a scale sleeve, a spring 3, and an adjusting nut, and the adjusting nut is provided with a threaded part and a sleeve part, and the sleeve part of the adjusting nut is sleeved on the outside of the scale sleeve; e. The pulling device includes a fixing A seat, a fixed sleeve, an adjusting sleeve with a scale, a second fixed top screw, a third spring, and a scale sleeve. The fixed seat includes a base and two pulling holes. The fixed sleeve is a hollow sleeve, including a tail and a sleeve portion. The side wall of the tail portion is provided with a radial fixed top screw hole, in which a second fixed top screw of a fixed adjusting body is installed. The outer wall of the sleeve portion is provided with a thread, which is threadedly connected to the adjusting sleeve. The scale sleeve abuts against the fixed seat and is slidably connected to the adjusting sleeve. A third spring is installed in the scale sleeve, and the other end of the third spring is low-connected to the adjusting sleeve. One end of the adjusting body is passed through the fixed sleeve and the second pulling hole.

[0012] Furthermore, the installation form of the tail cap is one of the following: a. The inner wall of the proximal end of the intramedullary nail is provided with an internal thread, and the tail cap is provided with an external thread matching the internal thread, and the tail cap is threadedly connected to the proximal end of the intramedullary nail; b. An annular groove and a vertical guide groove connected to the annular groove are provided along the inner wall of the proximal end of the intramedullary nail, and a protrusion is provided at the head end of the tail cap, and the protrusion can slide along the annular groove and the vertical guide groove; c. An expansion sleeve is provided at the head of the tail cap.

[0013] Furthermore, the elastic body 1 is one of a pressure-adjusting spring 1 and an elastic balloon 1, and the elastic body 2 is one of a pressure-adjusting spring 2 and an elastic balloon 2. When the elastic body 1 is a spring 1, the installation form of the spring 1 is one of the following installation forms: a. The pressure-adjusting spring 1 is installed in the accommodating cavity formed by the tail cap, the dynamic bone screw, and the inner wall of the proximal end of the intramedullary nail; b. A guide sleeve is provided on the outer side of the proximal end of the intramedullary nail, and the guide sleeve is provided with a through hole corresponding to the dynamic screw hole. The pressure-adjusting spring 1 is installed on the outer side of the proximal end of the intramedullary nail and the tail cap, one end of which abuts against the guide sleeve, and the other end abuts under the convex eaves of the tail cap; when the elastomer is an elastic balloon, the elastic balloon is located in the accommodating cavity formed by the tail cap, the dynamic bone screw, and the inner wall of the proximal end of the intramedullary nail, and a balloon base is provided below the elastic balloon.

[0014] Furthermore, an upper magnetic body is fixedly disposed inside the tail cap, and the upper magnetic body drives the tail cap to move up and down along the proximal end of the intramedullary nail under the action of an external magnetic field.

[0015] Furthermore, the adjustment hole is arranged in the top or side wall of the intramedullary nail body, and is arranged as an oblique hole or a transverse hole; the adjustment member is one of a metal cable, a rope, a metal rod, and a metal wire; the main nail of the intramedullary nail is arranged to have a curvature suitable for human bones.

[0016] The present invention is easy to fix, convenient to operate, has a simple design structure and a wide range of applications. The bone segment can be moved and the bone defect can be repaired through the bone transfer tissue and the adjustment device. The stress of the bone segment can be adjusted through the elastic body to stimulate the body tissue to form new bone, avoid stress shielding, accelerate the healing of the bone segment, shorten the fixation time of the internal fixation, and avoid the disadvantages of the external fixation frame bone transfer such as the patient wearing the frame for a long time, the nail channel is prone to infection, joint stiffness is easy to cause, the moved bone segment is not properly aligned, and multiple adjustments are required. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 3 of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 4 of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 5 of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 6 of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 7 of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 8 of the present invention;

[0025] Fig. 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 9 of the present invention;

[0026] Fig.10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 10 of the present invention;

[0027] Fig.11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 11 of the present invention;

[0028] Fig.12 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 12 of the present invention;

[0029] Fig.13 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 13 of the present invention;

[0030] Fig.14 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 14 of the present invention;

[0031] Fig.15 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 15 of the present invention;

[0032] Fig.16 It is a structural schematic diagram of embodiment a of the pulling device A;

[0033] Fig.17 It is a structural schematic diagram of embodiment b of the pulling device A;

[0034] Fig.18 is a schematic structural diagram of embodiment c of the pulling device A;

[0035] Fig.19 It is a structural schematic diagram of embodiment d of the pulling device A;

[0036] Fig. 20 is a schematic structural diagram of embodiment e of the pulling device A;

[0037] In the figure: 1-intramedullary nail body, 2-tail cap, 3-proximal end of intramedullary nail, 4-dynamic screw hole, 5-dynamic bone screw, 6-fixed bone screw, 7-spring one, 8-fixed screw hole, 9-sliding long groove, 10-outer guide sleeve, 11-pin, 12-transfer bone screw, 13-connecting screw, 14-adjusting screw sleeve, 15-upper magnetic body, 16-lower magnetic body, 17-spring two, 18-adjusting body, 19-inner guide sleeve, 20-elastic balloon, 21-balloon base, 22-adjusting hole, 23-annular groove, 24-protrusion, 25-vertical guide groove, 2 6-expansion sleeve, 27-static screw hole, 28-static bone screw, 29-guide sleeve, 30-enlarged part, 31-fixed shaft, 32-rotating wheel, 33-cable top screw one, 34-cable top screw hole, 35-handle, 36-fixed top screw one, 37-traction rod, 38-traction hole one, 39-cable top screw two, 40-fixed sleeve, 41-fixed nut, 42-base, 43-adjusting nut, 44-fixed top screw two, 45-adjusting sleeve, 46-traction hole two, 47-fixed seat, 48-spring base, 49-spring three, 50-scale sleeve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] In order to make the technical means for realizing the present invention, the creative features, the objectives and effects to be achieved easy to understand, the present invention is further explained below in conjunction with specific diagrams. In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly stipulated and limited, the terms "installation", "connection" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, an integral connection or a mechanical connection; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be internally connected between two elements.

[0039] Embodiment 1, as Figure 1 As shown, a new type of bone transport intramedullary nail includes an intramedullary nail main nail, which is a hollow structure. The intramedullary nail main nail includes an intramedullary nail proximal end 3 and an intramedullary nail body 1. The intramedullary nail proximal end 3 and the intramedullary nail body 1 are an integrated structure. The diameter of the intramedullary nail proximal end 3 is larger than the diameter of the intramedullary nail body 1. The intramedullary nail proximal end 3 is provided with a through dynamic screw hole 4 and a static screw hole 27 arranged up and down. Two through fixing screw holes 8 are provided on the intramedullary nail body 1 away from the proximal end 3 of the intramedullary nail. A dynamic bone screw 5, a static bone screw 28 and a fixed bone screw 6 are installed in the dynamic screw hole 4, the static screw hole 27 and the fixing screw hole 8 respectively. The dynamic bone screw 5 can move axially along the dynamic screw hole 4.

[0040] A tail cap 2 is installed at the end of the proximal end 3 of the intramedullary nail, an internal thread is arranged on the inner side of the proximal end 3 of the intramedullary nail, an external thread matching the internal thread is arranged on the tail cap 2, and the tail cap 2 is threadedly connected with the proximal end 3 of the intramedullary nail; a spring 7 is arranged between the tail cap 2 and the dynamic bone screw 5, a spring base is arranged below the spring 7, and the spring base is supported by the dynamic bone screw 5. A bone transport device for adjusting the movement of the bone segment is arranged on the intramedullary nail body 1. The bone transport device includes a sliding long groove 9 arranged along the axial direction of the intramedullary nail body 1, an outer guide sleeve 10 is sleeved on the outer side of the sliding long groove 9, and a corresponding inner guide sleeve 19 is arranged inside it, and the inner guide sleeve 19 and the outer guide sleeve 10 are fixed on the intramedullary nail body 1 through a pin 11, and corresponding bone transport screw holes are arranged on the inner guide sleeve 19 and the outer guide sleeve 10, and a transport bone screw 12 is installed therein; a connector connected to the inner guide sleeve 19 is arranged above the inner guide sleeve 19.

[0041] In this embodiment, the connecting member is a connecting screw 13, which is threadedly connected to the upper part of the inner guide sleeve 19, and an adjusting screw sleeve 14 movably connected thereto is arranged above the connecting screw 13, that is, the connecting screw 13 can move up and down with the adjusting screw sleeve 14, and a limited screw hole is arranged below the adjusting screw sleeve 14, and the aperture is smaller than the diameter of the tail of the connecting screw 13 to prevent 13 from being separated from the adjusting screw sleeve, and a lower magnetic body 16 is fixedly arranged inside the adjusting screw sleeve 14, and the lower magnetic body 16 can rotate under the action of an external magnet, thereby driving the adjusting screw sleeve 14 to move up and down, and the adjusting screw sleeve 14 is threadedly connected to the inner wall of the intramedullary nail body 1. A pressure regulating spring 7 is installed in the accommodation cavity formed by the tail cap 2, the dynamic bone screw 5, and the inner wall of the proximal end 3 of the intramedullary nail. The sliding long groove 9 is set as a double groove, that is, it is set through the intramedullary nail body 1.

[0042] In the bone transfer operation, the bone that needs to be transferred due to bone defect is treated. First, the main nail of the bone transfer intramedullary nail is implanted in the bone medullary cavity, and then the fixed bone screw 6 at the distal end of the intramedullary nail body 1 and the transfer bone screw 12 are implanted in sequence, and then the connecting screw 13, the adjusting screw sleeve 14 and the lower magnetic body 16 are screwed in, and then the static bone screw 28 and the dynamic bone screw 5 set on the proximal end 3 of the intramedullary nail are implanted in sequence, and finally the spring base-48 and the pressure regulating spring-7 are implanted, and the tail cap 2 is screwed in to give the pressure regulating spring-7, the spring base-48, and the dynamic bone screw 5 stress toward the distal end. Conversely, the pressure regulating spring-7, the spring base-48, and the dynamic bone screw 5 give the tail cap 2 upward stress because the static bone screw 28 is fixed to the proximal end 3 of the intramedullary nail and cannot give the intramedullary nail body 1 and the distal fixed bone screw 6 a force toward the proximal end; when the bone segment needs to be transferred after the operation, the external magnet outside the body is rotated to drive the lower magnetic body 16 rotates, thereby driving the adjusting screw sleeve 14 to move distally in the intramedullary nail body 1, and then driving the moved bone segment to move distally through the connecting screw 13, the inner guide sleeve 19, the outer guide sleeve 10, and the pin 11, rotating one circle every day, that is, moving down about 1mm, and stopping the bone movement when the distal end of the moved bone segment and the proximal end surface of the distal bone abut. Wait until the mineralization of the newly formed bone of the moved bone segment is basically normal, and then take out the static bone screw 28. At this time, the pressure regulating spring 7 gives the spring base 48 and the dynamic bone screw 5 stress toward the distal end, and conversely, the spring base 48 and the dynamic bone screw 5 give the tail cap 2 stress toward the proximal end, thereby giving the proximal end 3 of the intramedullary nail, the intramedullary nail body 1, and the distal fixed bone screw 6 stress toward the proximal end, thereby driving the distal bone to apply axial stress to the distal end of the moved bone segment and the proximal end surface of the distal bone, accelerating the bone healing of the bone ends of the moved bone segment and the newly formed bone segment, and taking out the intramedullary nail after complete healing.

[0043] Embodiment 2, as Figure 2 As shown, the difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that an upper magnetic body 15 is fixedly provided inside the tail cap 2, and the upper magnetic body 15 can drive the tail cap 2 to move up and down along the proximal end 3 of the intramedullary nail under the action of an external magnetic field, thereby changing the stress of the pressure regulating spring 7 and adjusting the stress of the bone end of the moved bone segment.

[0044] Embodiment 3, as Figure 3 As shown, the difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the connecting member is a spring 2 17 , the upper end of the spring 2 17 abuts against the lower end surface of the adjusting screw sleeve 14 , and a spring base is provided at the lower end, and the spring base is supported by the inner guide sleeve 19 .

[0045] Embodiment 4, as Figure 4As shown, the difference between this embodiment and embodiment 4 lies in the connection method between the tail cap 2 and the proximal end 3 of the intramedullary nail. In this embodiment, an annular groove 23 and a vertical guide groove 25 connected to the annular groove 23 are provided on the inner side of the proximal end 3 of the intramedullary nail, and a protrusion 24 is provided on the tail cap 2, and the protrusion 24 can slide along the annular groove 23 and the vertical guide groove 25.

[0046] Embodiment 5, as Figure 5 As shown, the difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 lies in the connection method between the tail cap 2 and the proximal end 3 of the intramedullary nail. In this embodiment, an expansion sleeve 26 threadedly connected to the head of the tail cap 2 is provided, and the expansion sleeve 26 can be fixed to the inner wall of the proximal end 3 of the intramedullary nail by screwing into the tail cap 2.

[0047] Embodiment 6, as Figure 6 As shown, the difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 lies in the connection method between the tail cap 2 and the proximal end 3 of the intramedullary nail. In this embodiment, the spring 7 is replaced with an elastic balloon 20, and a balloon base 21 is provided below the elastic balloon 20.

[0048] Embodiment 7, as Figure 7 As shown, the difference between this embodiment and embodiment 3 is that the lower end of the intramedullary nail body 1 is provided with an adjustment device for assisting in adjusting the stress of the fracture end, the adjustment device includes an adjustment member installed in the cavity of the intramedullary nail body 1, the adjustment member includes an enlarged portion and an adjustment body 18, the enlarged portion and the adjustment body 18 can be integrated or separated, the enlarged portion is located in the cavity of the inner guide sleeve 19, the outer diameter of the enlarged portion is larger than the inner diameter of the cavity of the inner guide sleeve 19, the other end of the adjustment body 18 passes through the adjustment hole 22 provided on the intramedullary nail body 1, and is fastened to the traction device A. In this embodiment, the adjustment hole 22 is provided at the top of the intramedullary nail body 1.

[0049] Embodiment 8, as Figure 8 As shown, the difference between this embodiment and embodiment 7 lies in the location of the adjustment hole 22 . In this embodiment, the adjustment hole 22 is arranged on the side wall of the intramedullary nail body 1 .

[0050] Embodiment 9, as Fig. 9 As shown, the difference between this embodiment and embodiment 8 is that an upper magnetic body 15 is fixedly provided inside the tail cap 2, and the upper magnetic body 15 drives the tail cap 2 to move up and down along the proximal end 3 of the intramedullary nail under the action of the external magnetic field.

[0051] Embodiment 10, as Fig.10 As shown, the difference between this embodiment and embodiment 9 is that: difference 1: the sliding long slot 9 is set as a single slot, which is to penetrate one side of the intramedullary nail body 1. Difference 2: no adjustment screw sleeve 14, spring 2 17, etc. are set between the static bone screw 32 and the moving bone screw, and the bone segment is directly moved by the adjustment member, adjustment hole, and pulling device set on the intramedullary nail body.

[0052] Embodiment 11, as Fig.11 As shown, the difference between this embodiment and embodiment 10 is that an upper magnetic body 15 is fixedly provided inside the tail cap 2, and the upper magnetic body 15 drives the tail cap 2 to move up and down along the proximal end 3 of the intramedullary nail under the action of the external magnetic field.

[0053] Embodiment 12, as Fig.12 As shown, the difference between this embodiment and embodiment 11 is that the spring 7 is replaced with an elastic balloon 20, and an elastic balloon base 21 is provided below the elastic balloon 20.

[0054] Embodiment 13, as Fig.13 As shown, the difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the installation form of the spring 7 is that a guide sleeve 29 is arranged outside the proximal end 3 of the intramedullary nail, and a through hole corresponding to the power screw hole 4 is arranged on the guide sleeve 29. The pressure regulating spring 7 is sleeved on the proximal end 3 of the intramedullary nail and the outside of the tail cap 2, and one end of the spring abuts against the guide sleeve 29, and the other end abuts under the convex edge of the tail cap 2. The guide sleeve 29 can also be arranged on the inner side of the proximal end 3 of the intramedullary nail.

[0055] Embodiment 14, as Fig.14 As shown, the difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the inner guide sleeve 19 is not provided in the bone transport device, and the inner end of the pin 11, that is, one end inside the intramedullary nail body, is provided with a connecting screw 13, and a side groove is provided on the side wall of the connecting screw 13. One end of the pin 11 is located in the side groove and can slide in the side groove. An adjusting screw sleeve 14 is provided above the connecting screw 13, and a lower magnetic body 16 is fixedly provided in the adjusting screw sleeve 14. The adjusting screw sleeve 13 is threadedly connected to the inner wall of the intramedullary nail body.

[0056] Embodiment 15, as Fig.15 As shown, the difference between this embodiment and embodiment 7 is that the connection screw 13, the inner guide sleeve 19, the adjustment screw sleeve 14, and the lower magnetic body 16 are not provided between the static bone screw 32 and the transport bone screw. In this embodiment, the pin 11 is arranged below the transport bone screw 12, and the enlarged part 30 is symmetrically provided with side grooves, and one end of the pin 11 located in the main nail of the intramedullary nail is arranged in the side groove. When the adjustment body 18 is given a downward force, the enlarged part 30 of the adjustment member drives the outer guide sleeve 10 through the pin 11, and the outer guide sleeve 10 drives the transport bone screw 12 to move downward.

[0057] In Embodiment 7, the structure of the pulling device A has the following three embodiments:

[0058] Embodiment a, such as Fig.16As shown, the pulling device includes a rotating wheel 32, a fixed top screw 36, a fixed shaft 31, and a handle 35. The rotating wheel 32 is cylindrical, and its outer wall is provided with grooves, top screw holes, adjustment body holes, and cable top screw holes 34. The adjustment body holes and the cable top screw holes 34 are connected. A cable top screw 33 is installed in the cable top screw hole 34, and a fixed top screw 36 is installed in the top screw hole. The rotating wheel 32 is provided with a fixed shaft hole in the axial direction, and the fixed shaft 31 is penetrated in the fixed shaft hole (slidingly connected with the rotating wheel 32). The cable top screw 33 fixes one end of the adjusting body 18 to the cable top screw hole 34 on the rotating wheel 32. The handle 35 is located on the side wall of the rotating wheel 32 and is tightly connected to the rotating wheel 32. The fixed top screw 36 can fix the rotating wheel 32 on the fixed shaft 31. Loosen the fixed top screw 36 and rotate the handle 35 to drive the rotating wheel 32 to rotate, and then drive the adjusting body 18 to move toward the distal end, and then drive the pin 11, the outer guide sleeve 10, the bone screw 12, and the bone segment to move toward the distal end to achieve the movement of the bone segment. Tighten the fixed top screw 36 to fix the rotating wheel 32 on the fixed shaft 31 to stop the bone movement.

[0059] Embodiment b, as Fig.17 As shown, the pulling device includes a pulling rod 37, an adjusting nut 43, a fixing nut 41, and a base 42. The outer wall of the pulling rod 37 is provided with a thread, and one end thereof is provided with an axial or radial fixing hole. In this embodiment, the thread is axial, and an adjusting member top screw hole connected to the fixing hole is also provided in the radial direction, in which a cable top screw 2 39 is installed. The cable top screw 2 39 can fix one end of the adjusting body 18 in the fixing hole of the pulling rod 37. The adjusting nut 43 is threadedly connected with the pulling rod 37. The fixing seat 47 includes a base 42 and a pulling hole 1 38. The fixing nut 41, the base 42, and the adjusting nut 43 are sequentially mounted on the pulling rod 37. Loosening the fixing nut 41 and screwing in the adjusting nut 43 can drive the pulling rod 37 to move toward the distal end, thereby driving the adjusting body 18, the pin 11, the inner guide sleeve, the outer guide sleeve 10, the moving bone screw 12, and the moving bone segment to move toward the distal end, thereby realizing the movement of the bone segment.

[0060] Embodiment c, such as Fig.18 As shown, the traction device includes a fixed seat 47, a fixed sleeve 40, an adjusting sleeve 45, and a fixed top screw 44. The fixed seat 47 includes a base 42 and a traction hole 46. The fixed sleeve 40 is a hollow sleeve, including a tail and a sleeve portion. The side wall of the tail is provided with a radial fixed top screw hole, in which the fixed top screw 44 for fixing the adjusting body 18 is installed. The outer wall of the sleeve portion is provided with a thread, which is threadedly connected with the adjusting sleeve 45. The fixed sleeve abuts against the fixed seat 47. One end of the adjusting body is penetrated by the fixed sleeve 40 and the traction hole 46. When the adjusting sleeve 45 is screwed into, the adjusting body 18, the pin 11, the inner guide sleeve, the outer guide sleeve 10, the bone screw 12, and the bone segment can be driven to move distally to achieve bone segment movement.

[0061] Embodiment d, as Fig.19As shown, the pulling device includes a pulling rod 37, an adjusting nut 43, a spring three 49, a scale sleeve 50, a fixing nut 41, and a base 42. The outer wall of the pulling rod 37 is provided with a thread, and an axial or radial fixing hole is provided at one end thereof. A cable top screw hole 34 connected to the fixing hole is provided radially or axially, and a cable top screw 2 39 is installed therein. The cable top screw 2 39 can fix one end of the adjusting body in the fixing hole of the pulling rod 37. The adjusting nut 43 is threadedly connected to the pulling rod 37, and the fixing seat 47 includes a base 42 and a pulling hole one 38. The pulling rod 37 is sequentially covered with a fixing nut 41, a base 42, a scale sleeve 50, a spring three 49, and an adjusting nut 43. The adjusting nut 43 is provided with a threaded portion and a sleeve portion, and the sleeve portion of the adjusting nut 43 is sleeved on the outside of the scale sleeve 50. Loosening the fixing nut 41 and screwing in the adjusting nut 43 can give a proximal force to the spring three 49, the scale sleeve 50, and the base 42. Since the base 42 is fixed to the human body, a reverse distal force can be given to the spring three 49, the scale sleeve 50, and the adjusting nut 43, thereby driving the pulling rod 37, the adjusting body 18, the pin 11, the inner guide sleeve, the outer guide sleeve 10, the moving bone screw 12, and the moving bone segment to move distally, thereby realizing the movement of the bone segment.

[0062] Embodiment e, as Fig. 20 As shown, the pulling device includes a fixed seat 47, a fixed sleeve 40, an adjusting sleeve 45 with a scale, a fixed top screw 44, a spring 49, and a scale sleeve 50. The fixed seat 47 includes a base and a pulling hole 46. The fixed sleeve 40 is a hollow sleeve, including a tail and a sleeve portion. The side wall of the tail is provided with a radial fixed top screw hole, in which a fixed top screw 44 of a fixed adjusting body is installed. The outer wall of the sleeve portion is provided with a thread, which is threadedly connected to the adjusting sleeve 45. The scale sleeve 50 abuts against the fixed seat 47 and is slidably connected to the adjusting sleeve 45. A spring 49 is installed in the scale sleeve 49, and the other end of the spring 49 is lower than the adjusting sleeve 45. One end of the adjusting body 18 is penetrated by the fixed sleeve 40 and the pulling hole 46.

[0063] Screwing in the adjusting sleeve 45 can give a proximal force to the spring three 49, the scale sleeve 50, and the fixing seat 47. Since the fixing seat 47 is fixed to the human body, a reverse distal force can be given to the spring three 49, the scale sleeve 50, the adjusting sleeve 45, and the fixing sleeve 40, thereby driving the adjusting body 18, the pin 11, the inner guide sleeve, the outer guide sleeve 10, the moving bone screw 12, and the moving bone segment to move distally, thereby realizing the movement of the bone segment.

[0064] In the above embodiment, the spring 7 and the elastic balloon 20 may not be provided; the main nail of the intramedullary nail is provided with a curvature suitable for human bones.

[0065] Finally, it should be noted that the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, it is still possible for those skilled in the art to modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments or to make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features therein. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A novel bone transport intramedullary nail, comprising an intramedullary nail main nail, Features: The main nail of the intramedullary nail is a hollow structure, and the main nail of the intramedullary nail comprises a proximal end of the intramedullary nail and an intramedullary nail body. The proximal end of the intramedullary nail has a diameter greater than that of the intramedullary nail body. A through dynamic screw hole and a static screw hole are provided at the proximal end of the intramedullary nail. A through fixing screw hole is provided on the intramedullary nail body away from the proximal end of the intramedullary nail. A dynamic bone screw, a static bone screw and a fixed bone screw are respectively installed in the dynamic screw hole, the static screw hole and the fixing screw hole. The dynamic bone screw can move axially along the dynamic screw hole. A tail cap is installed at the end of the proximal end of the intramedullary nail. A bone transport device for adjusting the axial movement of the bone segment along the main nail of the intramedullary nail is provided on the intramedullary nail body. The bone transport device is one of the following: a. It includes a sliding long groove arranged along the axial direction of the intramedullary nail body, the sliding long groove is a double groove or a single groove, an outer guide sleeve is sleeved on the outer side of the sliding long groove, a corresponding inner guide sleeve is arranged inside the outer guide sleeve, the inner guide sleeve and the outer guide sleeve are fixed to the intramedullary nail body by pins, the inner guide sleeve and the outer guide sleeve are provided with corresponding bone transport screw holes, and the bone transport screws are installed in the holes; a connecting piece is arranged above the inner guide sleeve, an adjusting screw sleeve is arranged above the connecting piece, a lower magnetic body is fixedly arranged inside the adjusting screw sleeve, and the adjusting screw sleeve is connected to the inner wall thread of the intramedullary nail body. b. comprising a long sliding groove axially arranged along the main body of the intramedullary nail, an outer guide sleeve being sleeved on the outer side of the long sliding groove, the outer guide sleeve being fixed to the main body of the intramedullary nail by a pin, the outer guide sleeve being provided with a corresponding bone transport screw hole, in which a bone transport screw is installed; a connecting piece is provided at the inner end of the pin, i.e., one end inside the main body of the intramedullary nail, a side groove is provided on the side wall of the connecting piece, one end of the pin is located in the side groove and can slide in the side groove, an adjusting screw sleeve is provided above the connecting piece, a lower magnetic body is fixedly provided inside the adjusting screw sleeve, and the adjusting screw sleeve is threadedly connected to the inner wall of the main body of the intramedullary nail.

2. The novel bone transport intramedullary nail according to claim 1, Features: An elastic body 1 is arranged between the tail cap and the dynamic bone screw.

3. The novel bone transport intramedullary nail according to claim 2, Features: The connecting piece is a connecting screw or an elastic body 2. When it is a connecting screw, the connecting screw is threadedly connected to the upper part of the inner guide sleeve, and an adjusting screw sleeve slidably connected to the connecting screw is provided above the connecting screw; when it is an elastic body 2, the elastic body 2 is tightly connected to the adjusting screw sleeve and slidably connected to the upper part of the inner guide sleeve.

4. The novel bone transport intramedullary nail according to claim 1 or 2, Features: The bone transport device includes a long sliding groove arranged axially along the intramedullary nail body, an outer guide sleeve is sleeved on the outer side of the long sliding groove, and the outer guide sleeve is fixed to the intramedullary nail body through a pin. The outer guide sleeve is provided with corresponding bone transport screw holes and pin holes, in which bone transport screws and pins are respectively installed, and the pin is fixedly installed on the auxiliary transport device arranged on the intramedullary nail body.

5. The novel bone transport intramedullary nail according to claim 2, Features: An auxiliary transport device is provided on the intramedullary nail body, and the auxiliary transport device includes an adjusting piece, an adjusting hole, and a pulling device provided on the intramedullary nail body. The adjusting piece includes an enlarged portion and an adjusting body. The enlarged portion and the adjusting body can be integrated or separated. The enlarged portion is located in the cavity of the inner guide sleeve, and the outer diameter of the enlarged portion is larger than the inner diameter of the lower end of the inner guide sleeve cavity. The other end of the adjusting body passes through the adjusting hole provided on the intramedullary nail body and is fastened to the pulling device.

6. The novel bone transport intramedullary nail according to claim 5, Features: The pulling device is one of the following: a. The pulling device includes a rotating wheel, a fixed top screw 1, a fixed shaft, and a handle. The rotating wheel is cylindrical, and its outer wall is provided with a groove, a cable top screw hole, an adjusting body hole, and a fixed top screw hole. The adjusting body hole and the cable top screw hole 32 are connected. A cable top screw 1 is installed in the cable top screw hole, and a fixed top screw 1 is installed in the fixed top screw hole. A fixed shaft hole is axially provided, and the fixed shaft is penetrated through the fixed shaft hole and is slidably connected to the rotating wheel. The cable top screw 1 fixes one end of the adjusting body to the rotating wheel. The handle is located on the side wall of the rotating wheel and is tightly connected to the rotating wheel. The fixed top screw 1 fixes the rotating wheel to the fixed shaft. b. The pulling device includes a pulling rod, an adjusting nut, a fixing nut, and a base. The outer wall of the pulling rod is provided with threads, and one end of the pulling rod is provided with an axial or radial fixing hole. A cable top screw hole connected to the fixing hole is provided in the radial or axial direction, and a cable top screw 2 is installed in the cable top screw. The cable top screw 2 can fix one end of the adjusting body in the fixing hole of the pulling rod. The adjusting nut is threadedly connected to the pulling rod, and the fixing seat includes a base and a pulling hole. The fixing nut, the base, and the adjusting nut are sequentially mounted on the pulling rod; c. The pulling device includes a fixing seat , a fixed sleeve, an adjusting sleeve, and a fixed top screw 2. The fixed seat includes a base and a pulling hole 2. The fixed sleeve is a hollow sleeve, including a tail and a sleeve portion. The side wall of the tail is provided with a radial fixed top screw hole, in which a fixed top screw 2 of a fixed adjusting body is installed. The outer wall of the sleeve portion is provided with a thread, which is connected with the adjusting sleeve thread. The fixed sleeve abuts against the fixed seat, and one end of the adjusting body is passed through the fixed sleeve and the pulling hole 2; d. The pulling device includes a pulling rod, an adjusting nut, a spring 3, a scale sleeve, a fixed nut, and a base. The outer wall of the pulling rod is provided with a thread, and one end thereof An axial or radial fixing hole is provided, and a cable top screw hole connected to the fixing hole is provided radially or axially, in which a cable top screw 2 is installed, and the cable top screw 2 can fix one end of the adjusting body in the fixing hole of the pulling rod, and the adjusting nut is threadedly connected with the pulling rod, and the fixing seat includes a base and a pulling hole. The pulling rod is sequentially provided with a fixing nut, a base, a scale sleeve, a spring 3, and an adjusting nut, and the adjusting nut is provided with a threaded part and a sleeve part, and the sleeve part of the adjusting nut is sleeved on the outside of the scale sleeve; e. The pulling device includes a fixing A seat, a fixed sleeve, an adjusting sleeve with a scale, a second fixed top screw, a third spring, and a scale sleeve. The fixed seat includes a base and two pulling holes. The fixed sleeve is a hollow sleeve, including a tail and a sleeve portion. The side wall of the tail portion is provided with a radial fixed top screw hole, in which a second fixed top screw of a fixed adjusting body is installed. The outer wall of the sleeve portion is provided with a thread, which is threadedly connected to the adjusting sleeve. The scale sleeve abuts against the fixed seat and is slidably connected to the adjusting sleeve. A third spring is installed in the scale sleeve, one end of which is lowered to the adjusting sleeve, and one end of the adjusting body is passed through the fixed sleeve and the second pulling hole.

7. The novel bone transport intramedullary nail according to claim 5, Features: The installation form of the tail cap is one of the following: a. The inner wall of the proximal end of the intramedullary nail is provided with an internal thread, and the tail cap is provided with an external thread matching the internal thread, and the tail cap is threadedly connected to the proximal end of the intramedullary nail; b. An annular groove and a vertical guide groove connected to the annular groove are provided along the inner wall of the proximal end of the intramedullary nail, and a protrusion is provided at the head end of the tail cap, and the protrusion can slide along the annular groove and the vertical guide groove; c. An expansion sleeve is provided at the head of the tail cap.

8. The novel bone transport intramedullary nail according to claim 7, Features: The elastic body 1 is one of a pressure regulating spring 1 and an elastic balloon 1, and the elastic body 2 is one of a pressure regulating spring 2 and an elastic balloon 2. When the elastic body 1 is a spring 1, the installation form of the spring 1 is one of the following installation forms: a. The pressure regulating spring 1 is installed in the accommodating cavity formed by the tail cap, the dynamic bone screw, and the inner wall of the proximal end of the intramedullary nail; b. A guide sleeve is provided on the outer side of the proximal end of the intramedullary nail, and the guide sleeve is provided with a through hole corresponding to the power screw hole. The pressure regulating spring 1 is installed on the outer side of the proximal end of the intramedullary nail and the tail cap, one end of which abuts against the guide sleeve, and the other end abuts under the convex eaves of the tail cap; when the elastic body 1 is an elastic balloon 1, the elastic balloon 1 is located in the accommodating cavity formed by the tail cap, the dynamic bone screw, and the inner wall of the proximal end of the intramedullary nail, and a balloon base is provided below the elastic balloon 1.

9. The novel bone transport intramedullary nail according to claim 8, Features: An upper magnetic body is fixedly arranged inside the tail cap, and the upper magnetic body drives the tail cap to move up and down along the proximal end of the intramedullary nail under the action of the external magnetic field.

10. The novel bone transport intramedullary nail according to claim 9, Features: The adjustment hole is set in the top or side wall of the intramedullary nail body and is set as an oblique hole or a transverse hole; the adjustment member is one of a metal cable, a rope, a metal rod, and a metal wire; the main nail of the intramedullary nail is set to a curvature suitable for human bones.

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