An osteotomy test mold and an osteotomy guide adapted therefor

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of medical instruments. The purpose is to provide an osteotomy trial mold suitable for use with a guide in lateral unicondylar tibial osteotomy surgery and an osteotomy guide adapted thereto, which can improve the accuracy of surgical osteotomy as an auxiliary tool, greatly shorten the operation time, and reduce the possibility of intraoperative trauma to the patient. An osteotomy trial mold is used to assist in testing and determining the size of osteotomy, including an osteotomy trial mold A part and a B part, wherein the osteotomy trial mold A part includes four connected sections; the osteotomy trial mold B part includes four thin sheets with different widths, a thickness of 1mm, and a length of 5mm; the guide body of the osteotomy guide is provided with an osteotomy longitudinal groove that can be moved laterally on the guide body, the groove width is 2mm, and the groove body direction is the vertical direction, and the inner surface of the groove body matches at least a part of the outer surface of the second section of the osteotomy trial mold so that the second section can be placed in the groove body of the osteotomy longitudinal groove and can be detached from the groove body again.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of medical instruments, in particular to an osteotomy trial mold that can be used in lateral unicondylar tibial osteotomy surgery and an osteotomy guide adapted thereto. Background Art

[0002] The metaphysis and articular surface of the proximal end of the tibia, this anatomical position is called the tibial plateau in orthopedics. The upper end of the tibia and the lower end of the femur form the knee joint, and the tibial plateau is the surface where the tibia and the lower end of the femur contact. The tibial plateau is divided into inner and outer sides. At present, there is no special instrument to accurately provide effective vertical osteotomy direction, osteotomy width, depth and direction during tibial plateau osteotomy in clinical practice. It mainly depends on the surgeon to operate according to experience or the reference of tool combination during the operation. When performing osteotomy under the existing technology, first use a simple tool to test the width and thickness of the osteotomy respectively, and use an electric knife to make horizontal osteotomy and vertical osteotomy marking points under the tibial plateau and on the outside of the intercondylar spine; then place the tibial osteotomy guide so that its upper edge is flush with the marking point at the front and lower part of the tibial plateau; then place the saw blade vertically to the front edge of the tibial plateau osteotomy, and perform vertical osteotomy through the previous marking point; then perform horizontal osteotomy. This method is time-consuming and labor-intensive, and there is a certain error, which is easy to cause damage to the patient. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an osteotomy trial mold suitable for use with a guide in lateral unicondylar tibial osteotomy surgery, so that the guide can accurately determine the thickness, direction and width of the osteotomy, saving time and effort, assisting in improving the accuracy of surgical osteotomy, and also greatly shortening the operation time and reducing the possibility of intraoperative trauma to the patient.

[0004] Another object of the present invention is to provide an osteotomy guide adapted for the above-mentioned osteotomy trial mold, which can determine the osteotomy position more quickly, save time and effort, further shorten the operation time, make it easier for first-time users to learn, shorten the learning curve, and make the surgical operation repeatable.

[0005] The objective of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0006] An osteotomy mold is used to assist in testing and determining the size of osteotomy, comprising: an osteotomy mold part A and an osteotomy mold part B. The osteotomy mold part A is used to test and determine the length and width of the osteotomy to be cut during surgery, and the osteotomy mold part B is used to test and determine the thickness of the osteotomy to be cut during surgery.

[0007] The osteotomy mold part A includes four connected sections. The first section is a rod-shaped structure with a thickness of 1 mm, which is used to test and determine the length of the osteotomy during surgery; the second section is a rod-shaped structure formed by extending outward from one end of the first section along the extension line of the first section; the third section is a rod-shaped structure extending outward from the middle of the first section perpendicular to the first section horizontally, which is used to test and determine the width of the osteotomy during surgery; the fourth section is a structure formed by extending laterally outward from the outer end of the second section, and when the osteotomy mold part A is used during surgery, the fourth section is held by hand to operate the osteotomy mold part A. Among them, the first section, the second section, and the third section are located in the same plane, and the fourth section forms an angle with the plane to facilitate holding.

[0008] The osteotomy mold B includes four thin sheets of different widths, 1mm thickness and 5mm length, and the widths of the four thin sheets are 7mm, 9mm, 11mm and 13mm respectively. Before osteotomy, the osteotomy mold B of different widths is placed in front of the joint space to test the distance 2mm below the lowest point of the lateral femoral condyle to the lowest point of the tibial plateau wear area, so as to determine the osteotomy thickness of the tibial plateau.

[0009] Among them, the osteotomy trial mold can have a variety of specifications, and the present invention is mainly designed with three specifications of 45#, 50# and 55#. The difference between the specifications mainly lies in the difference in the length of the first section for testing and determining the length of the osteotomy during surgery and the third section for testing and determining the width of the osteotomy during surgery. For the convenience of description and distinction, the specifications in the present invention are numbered based on the length of the first section. Among them, in the 45# specification, the length of the first section is 45mm and the length of the third section is 22.5mm; in the 50# specification, the length of the first section is 50mm and the length of the third section is 25mm; in the 55# specification, the length of the first section is 55mm and the length of the third section is 27.5mm. Furthermore, the third section of each specification has at least three thickness designs of 7mm, 8mm or 9mm for selection.

[0010] The fourth section is used for holding to facilitate surgical operations. As an optional solution, the length of the fourth section can be 50 mm.

[0011] The present invention also provides an osteotomy guide adapted to the above-mentioned osteotomy trial mold, comprising: a guide body, on which is provided an osteotomy longitudinal groove which can move laterally on the guide body, the groove body direction of the osteotomy longitudinal groove is a vertical direction, the inner groove body surface of the osteotomy longitudinal groove matches at least a part of the outer surface of the second section of the osteotomy trial mold so that the second section can be inserted into the groove body of the osteotomy longitudinal groove and can be detached from the groove body again, and the groove width of the longitudinal groove body is 2 mm.

[0012] Wherein, an osteotomy transverse groove with a transverse groove is provided on the guide body, and the osteotomy longitudinal groove is connected in the groove of the osteotomy transverse groove and can move transversely along the groove of the osteotomy transverse groove.

[0013] Furthermore, the osteotomy longitudinal groove comprises a longitudinal groove body and a longitudinal groove bottom column, and the longitudinal groove bottom column can be slidably inserted into the groove of the osteotomy transverse groove so that the longitudinal groove body can move laterally along the groove of the osteotomy transverse groove driven by the longitudinal groove bottom column.

[0014] As an optional solution, the length of the osteotomy transverse groove is 10 mm and the width is 2 mm. Correspondingly, the height of the bottom column of the longitudinal groove is 10 mm.

[0015] Wherein, the bottom column of the longitudinal groove is fixed to the osteotomy transverse groove through a nut, and the bottom column of the longitudinal groove can be fixed to the osteotomy transverse groove by tightening the nut.

[0016] During the operation, according to the anatomical structure of the lateral compartment, the A part of the osteotomy mold of different sizes is placed into the joint gap for comparison, and the size that best matches the length and width of the patient's lateral platform and the joint gap is selected for use to test the length and width of the osteotomy to be cut. Then, the thickness of the osteotomy to be cut is determined in conjunction with the B part of the osteotomy mold: the B part of different widths is placed in front of the joint gap to test the distance of 2mm below the lowest point of the lateral femoral condyle to the lowest point of the tibial plateau wear area to determine the thickness of the osteotomy of the tibial plateau. After testing and determining the length, width and thickness of the osteotomy to be cut, use an electric knife to make marking points for horizontal and vertical osteotomy; then place the osteotomy guide so that the upper edge of the osteotomy guide is flush with the marking point at the front and lower part of the tibial plateau, slide the osteotomy longitudinal groove in the osteotomy transverse groove to the position of the intended cutting width and fix it; the saw blade is perpendicular to the front edge of the osteotomy guide, and vertical osteotomy is performed through the marking point; then horizontal osteotomy is performed.

[0017] By using the osteotomy guide that is compatible with the osteotomy trial mold disclosed in the present invention, after testing and determining the length, width and thickness of the osteotomy to be cut, the guide body can be placed so that the upper edge of the guide body is flush with the position of the intended cutting thickness of the tibial plateau, the osteotomy longitudinal groove is installed in the osteotomy transverse groove, and the second section of the osteotomy trial mold A is placed in the longitudinal groove body of the osteotomy longitudinal groove, so as to determine the position of the intended cutting width. After the positioning is completed, the second section in the longitudinal groove body is taken out, and then the osteotomy trial mold A and B are taken out, and the longitudinal saw is directly placed in the groove body of the osteotomy longitudinal groove to perform osteotomy. When performing transverse osteotomy, the oscillating saw is directly placed on the surface of the osteotomy guide to perform osteotomy. It saves more time and effort, further shortens the operation time, is easier to learn for first-time users, shortens the learning curve, and makes the surgical operation repeatable.

[0018] The osteotomy test mold and the osteotomy guide adapted therefrom proposed in the present invention improve the existing osteotomy guide, creatively add the osteotomy test mold part A and the osteotomy test mold part B that are consistent with the size of the tibial prosthesis to test the length, width and thickness of the osteotomy, and adjust the osteotomy direction in combination with the swing saw guide groove formed by the osteotomy transverse groove and the osteotomy longitudinal groove, so that the lateral unicondylar tibial osteotome proposed in the present invention can accurately determine the thickness, direction and width of the osteotomy, save time and labor, and perform osteotomy accurately, making the surgical operation more accurate and improving the accuracy of surgical osteotomy; thereby, the operation time can be greatly shortened and the intraoperative trauma to the patient can be reduced; in addition, the lateral unicondylar tibial osteotome proposed in the present invention is easier to learn for first-time users, shortens the learning curve, and makes the surgical operation repeatable.

[0019] The use of the osteotomy mold A parts of three specifications and three corresponding thickness options designed by the present invention in combination with the osteotomy mold B parts of four different widths can basically cover the surgical needs of various types of patients. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of a preferred embodiment of the osteotomy trial mold and the osteotomy guide adapted therewith proposed by the present invention, wherein the osteotomy trial mold B is not shown in the figure.

[0021] Figure 2 This is a structural schematic diagram of a preferred embodiment of the osteotome trial mold A part of the osteotome trial mold proposed by the present invention.

[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic structural diagram of part B of the osteotome trial mold proposed by the present invention.

[0023] Figure 4 This is a schematic structural diagram of a preferred embodiment of the osteotomy guide proposed by the present invention.

[0024] Figure 5 for Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the side cross-sectional structure of the osteotomy longitudinal groove of the osteotomy guide shown in FIG. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments, but the embodiments are not intended to limit the present invention. All similar structures and similar variations of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

[0026] like Figure 2As shown, the osteotomy mold A part 1 includes a first section 11, a second section 12, a third section 13 and a fourth section 14 connected to each other. The first section 11 is a rod-shaped structure with a thickness of 1 mm, which is used to test and determine the length of the osteotomy during surgery; the second section 12 is a rod-shaped structure formed by extending outward from one end of the first section 11 along its extension line; the third section 13 is a rod-shaped structure extending outward from the middle of the first section 11 perpendicular to the first section 11 horizontally, which is used to test and determine the width of the osteotomy during surgery; the fourth section 14 is a structure formed by extending outward from the outer end of the second section 12 along the side, and the fourth section 14 is held by hand during surgery to operate the osteotomy mold A part I. Among them, the first section 11, the second section 12, and the third section 13 are located in the same plane, and the fourth section 14 forms an angle with this plane to facilitate holding.

[0027] The osteotomy test mold A part 1 is mainly designed with three specifications: 45#, 50# and 55# to meet the surgical needs of most patients. Among them, in the 45# specification, the length of the first section 11 is 45mm, the length of the second section 12 is 20mm, the length of the third section 13 is 22.5mm, and the length of the fourth section 14 is 50mm; in the 50# specification, the length of the first section 11 is 50mm, the length of the second section 12 is 20mm, the length of the third section 13 is 25mm, and the length of the fourth section 14 is 50mm; in the 55# specification, the length of the first section 11 is 55mm, the length of the second section 12 is 20mm, the length of the third section 13 is 27.5mm, and the length of the fourth section 14 is 50mm. The third section 13 of each specification has at least three thickness designs of 7mm, 8mm or 9mm for selection. In each specification, the thickness of the first section 11 is 1mm so that it can be smoothly placed in the joint space.

[0028] like Figure 3 As shown, the osteotome trial mold B part 2 is a thin sheet with a thickness of 1mm and a length of 5mm, and its width w has four different size specifications, namely 7mm, 9mm, 11mm and 13mm. The osteotome trial mold B part 2 is used to test and determine the thickness of the osteotomy. Before osteotomy, the osteotome trial mold B part 2 of different widths is placed in front of the joint space to test the distance from the lowest point of the lateral femoral condyle to 2mm below the lowest point of the tibial plateau wear area to determine the osteotomy thickness of the tibial plateau.

[0029] Combination Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown, the osteotomy guide 3 includes a guide body 31, on which a transverse osteotomy groove 32 with a groove length of 10 mm and a groove width of 2 mm is provided, and an osteotomy longitudinal groove 33 is composed of a longitudinal groove body 331 and a longitudinal groove bottom column 332, and the osteotomy longitudinal groove 33 is slidably inserted into the groove of the transverse osteotomy groove 31 through the longitudinal groove bottom column 332 so that the longitudinal groove body 331 of the structural longitudinal groove 33 can move laterally along the groove of the transverse osteotomy groove 31 under the drive of the longitudinal groove bottom column 332. Among them, the groove body direction of the longitudinal groove body 331 is perpendicular to the groove body direction of the transverse osteotomy groove 32. The longitudinal groove body 331 of the osteotomy longitudinal groove 33 has a groove length of 20 mm and a groove width of 2 mm, and the height of the longitudinal groove bottom column 332 is 10 mm. A nut 4 is provided on the longitudinal groove bottom column 332, and the longitudinal groove bottom column 332 can be fixed to the transverse osteotomy groove 32 by tightening the nut 4.

[0030] Combination Figure 1 As shown, during the operation, according to the anatomical structure of the lateral compartment, the osteotomy mold A part 1 of different sizes is placed into the joint gap for comparison, and the size that best matches the length and width of the patient's lateral platform and the joint gap is selected for use to test the length and width of the osteotomy to be cut. Then, the thickness of the osteotomy to be cut is determined in conjunction with the osteotomy mold B part 2: the B part of different widths is placed in front of the joint gap to test the distance of 2mm below the lowest point of the lateral condyle of the femur to the lowest point of the wear area of ​​the tibial plateau to determine the osteotomy thickness of the tibial plateau. After testing and determining the length, width and thickness of the osteotomy to be cut, the guide body 31 is placed so that the upper edge of the guide body 31 is flush with the position of the intended cutting thickness of the tibial plateau, the osteotomy longitudinal groove 33 is installed in the osteotomy transverse groove 32, and the second section 12 of the osteotomy mold A part 1 is placed in the longitudinal groove body 331, thereby determining the position of the intended cutting width. After positioning is completed, the second section 12 in the longitudinal groove body 331 is taken out, and then the osteotomy mold A part 1 and the osteotomy mold B part 2 are taken out, and the longitudinal saw is directly placed in the longitudinal groove body 331 to perform osteotomy. When performing transverse osteotomy, the oscillating saw is directly placed on the surface of the osteotomy guide 3 to perform osteotomy.

[0031] The above description of the embodiments is to facilitate the understanding and application of the present application by those skilled in the art. It is obvious that those familiar with the art can easily make various modifications to these embodiments and apply the general principles described herein to other embodiments without creative work. Therefore, the present application is not limited to the embodiments herein, and improvements and modifications made by those skilled in the art based on the disclosure of the present application without departing from the scope of the present application should be within the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. An osteotomy test mold, used to assist in testing and determining the size of osteotomy, characterized in that: include: The osteotomy test mold A part is used to test and determine the length and width of the osteotomy during surgery, including: the first section is a rod-shaped structure with a thickness of 1 mm, which is used to test and determine the length of the osteotomy during surgery; the second section is a rod-shaped structure formed by extending outward from one end of the first section along the extension line of the first section; the third section is a rod-shaped structure extending outward from the middle of the first section perpendicular to the first section horizontally, which is used to test and determine the width of the osteotomy during surgery; the fourth section is a gripping part, which is a structure formed by extending laterally outward from the outer end of the second section; the first section, the second section, and the third section are located in the same plane, and the fourth section forms an angle with the plane; and Osteotomy test mold part B, used to test and determine the thickness of the bone to be cut during surgery, including: four thin slices of different widths, 1mm thickness and 5mm length, the widths of the four thin slices are 7mm, 9mm, 11mm and 13mm respectively; The thickness of the third section is 7 mm, 8 mm or 9 mm; The length of the fourth section is 50 mm.

2. The osteotomy trial mold according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dimensions of the osteotomy test mold A are as follows: (1) The length of the first segment is 45 mm, and the length of the third segment is 22.5 mm; (2) The length of the first section is 50 mm, and the length of the third section is 25 mm; (3) The length of the first section is 55 mm, and the length of the third section is 27.5 mm.

3. An osteotomy guide adapted to the osteotomy trial mold according to claim 1, characterized in that: include: A guide body, wherein the guide body is provided with an osteotomy longitudinal groove which can be moved transversely on the guide body, the groove body direction of the osteotomy longitudinal groove is in a vertical direction, the inner surface of the groove body of the osteotomy longitudinal groove matches at least a part of the outer surface of the second section of the osteotomy trial mold so that the second section can be placed in the groove body of the osteotomy longitudinal groove and can be separated from the groove body again, and the groove width of the longitudinal groove body is 2 mm; The guide body is provided with an osteotomy transverse groove having a transverse groove, and the osteotomy longitudinal groove is connected in the groove of the osteotomy transverse groove and can move transversely along the groove of the osteotomy transverse groove; The length of the osteotomy transverse groove is 10 mm and the width is 2 mm; The length of the osteotomy transverse groove is 10 mm, the width is 2 mm, and the height of the bottom column of the longitudinal groove is 10 mm.

4. The osteotomy guide according to claim 3, characterized in that: The osteotomy longitudinal groove comprises a longitudinal groove body and a longitudinal groove bottom column, wherein the longitudinal groove bottom column is slidably inserted into the groove of the osteotomy transverse groove so that the longitudinal groove body can move laterally along the groove of the osteotomy transverse groove driven by the longitudinal groove bottom column.

5. The osteotomy guide according to claim 4, characterized in that: The bottom column of the longitudinal groove is fixed to the osteotomy transverse groove through a nut.

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