Photodegradation-driven high polymer nanomotor and preparation method and application thereof

The photodegradation-driven organic polymer nanomotor solves the problems of non-degradability and chemical media dependence of existing nanomotors, achieving stable movement and safe deconstruction in a variety of solution environments, and the preparation process is simple and fast.

CN116408148BActive Publication Date: 2026-05-29TIANJIN UNIV
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Patent Information

Application Number
CN202111625134.9
Authority / Receiving Office
CN · China
Patent Type
Patents(China)
Current Assignee / Owner
Filing Date
2021-12-29
Publication Date
2026-05-29
Estimated Expiration
2041-12-29

AI Technical Summary

Technical Problem

Existing photoresponsive bubble-propelled nanomotors rely on non-degradable metal catalysts, leading to biosafety and environmental pollution issues. Furthermore, they can only operate in environments with high concentrations of catalytic substrates, making them unsuitable for a wide range of applications.

Method used

An organic polymer nanomotor driven by photodegradation generates bubbles through the spontaneous reaction of photoresponsive degradation groups under light irradiation, which are then released in a controlled manner in solution. The power components gradually degrade into biocompatible small molecules under light irradiation, thus solving the problem of the non-degradability of the power components.

Benefits of technology

The nanomotor achieves stable movement in different media, is not limited by the concentration of chemical media, the power components can be completely disassembled, avoiding biosafety and environmental pollution, the preparation process is simple and quick, and it is suitable for a variety of solution environments.

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Abstract

The application relates to a light-degradation-driven high-molecular nanomotor and a preparation method, and aims to solve the environmental pollution and biological safety problems caused by the degradation difficulty or long cycle of the nanomotor power assembly. The nanomotor has an asymmetric nanostructure and is assembled by a light-degradation high-molecular assembly and a biocompatible high-molecular effective load in a nanometer scale. The preparation method comprises the following steps: 1. uniformly mixing a light-degradation high-molecule and a biocompatible high-molecule in an organic solvent to prepare a mixture A; 2. mixing the mixture A and water at a high speed to prepare a mixture B; and 3. removing the organic solvent to prepare the nanomotor. Under light, the light-degradation assembly absorbs light energy to degrade and generate bubbles, which push the nanomotor to move in the solution. The start / stop of the nanomotor is controlled by the on / off of the light source, and the fast / slow movement of the nanomotor is controlled by the strong / weak of the light source. The structure of the light-degradation assembly is gradually degraded and finally completely destructed with the reaction, so that the biological safety and environmental pollution problems of the nanomaterial are relieved.
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