Device access method, system and electronic device based on multi-base station cooperation

Abstract

The application provides a device access method and system based on multi-base station cooperation and an electronic device, wherein the method comprises the following steps: determining, for an MTC device in an overlapping coverage area, a base station selection probability corresponding to each base station when the MTC device accesses at least two base stations and a target ACB control parameter corresponding to each base station; broadcasting the at least two base station selection probabilities and the at least two target ACB control parameters to the MTC device; and the MTC device is used for determining a target base station corresponding to a maximum base station selection probability based on the at least two base station selection probabilities and performing ACB detection based on the target ACB control parameter of the target base station to determine whether to access the target base station. The application can effectively and reasonably allocate the MTC devices in the overlapping coverage area according to the load conditions of the base stations, improve the overall access performance of all the MTC devices, and improve the access performance of the MTC devices.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a device access method, apparatus, and electronic device based on multi-base station collaboration. Background Technology

[0002] In practical smart grids, to enhance the load capacity and system capacity of the access network, Machine Type Communication (MTC) devices are often located in overlapping coverage areas of multiple base stations. This allows MTC devices to select different base stations for access and data transmission. However, when multiple MTC devices choose the same base station, network congestion and overload problems inevitably arise due to this large-scale access. Therefore, effectively addressing the network congestion and overload problems caused by large-scale access has become a critical issue that urgently needs to be resolved.

[0003] In related technologies, large-scale access methods based on multi-base station congestion control start from the optimization of the Access Class Barring (ACB) algorithm. Considering the high probability that MTC devices are in the coverage areas of multiple base stations, and that the ACB control factor of each MTC base station is optimized according to the congestion level, key network status information is shared through data interaction, and joint decisions are made on the ACB factor to achieve globally optimal access congestion control, thereby increasing resource utilization. In addition, there are enhanced cooperative ACB and traffic-adaptive radio resource management methods. This method aims to consider the number of MTC devices connected to a base station when an MTC device selects a reasonable base station, and to design a more reasonable base station selection probability.

[0004] However, since both of the above congestion control schemes only consider the dynamic optimal base station selection strategy, MTC devices within the coverage area have multiple base stations to choose from for access. Only considering the access success rate of MTC devices in overlapping coverage areas will lead to the access performance of other MTC devices not being guaranteed, and will increase the probability of access failure, which will seriously affect the normal access of MTC devices. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides a device access method, apparatus, and electronic device based on multi-base station collaboration, which addresses the shortcomings of existing technologies that only consider dynamic optimal base station selection strategies, resulting in low MTC device access performance, increased access failure probability, and serious impact on normal MTC device access. It can effectively allocate MTC devices in overlapping coverage areas according to the load of each base station, and improve the overall access performance of all MTC devices, thereby solving the access congestion problem in large-scale multi-base station access scenarios and significantly improving the access performance of MTC devices.

[0006] This invention provides a device access method based on multi-base station collaboration, applied to a first base station of at least two base stations associated with an overlapping coverage area of ​​multiple base stations. The method includes:

[0007] For an MTC device located within the overlapping coverage area, determine the base station selection probability for each of the at least two base stations and the target ACB control parameters for each base station when the MTC device accesses them.

[0008] The MTC device broadcasts at least two of the base station selection probabilities and at least two of the target ACB control parameters to the MTC device; the MTC device is used to determine the target base station corresponding to the maximum base station selection probability based on the at least two base station selection probabilities, and to perform ACB detection based on the target ACB control parameters of the target base station to determine whether to access the target base station.

[0009] According to a device access method based on multi-base station collaboration provided by the present invention, the process of determining the base station selection probability for at least two base stations includes:

[0010] Determine a first conditional probability that the MTC device selects the second base station and successfully accesses it, and a second conditional probability that all MTC devices within the coverage area of ​​the multiple base stations select any one of the multiple base stations and successfully access it; the second base station is any one of the at least two base stations.

[0011] Based on the first conditional probability and the second conditional probability, the base station selection probability corresponding to when the MTC device accesses the second base station is determined.

[0012] According to a device access method based on multi-base station cooperation provided by the present invention, the process of determining the target ACB control parameters for at least two target ACB control parameters includes:

[0013] Determine the number of MTC devices that need to access the first base station in the current time slot, and the number of base stations corresponding to the coverage area of ​​the multiple base stations;

[0014] Based on the ratio of the number of base stations to the number of MTC devices, and the comparison result with a preset constant, the target ACB control parameters corresponding to the first base station are determined.

[0015] According to the present invention, a device access method based on multi-base station cooperation is provided, the method further includes:

[0016] Receive the access result fed back by the MTC device;

[0017] If the access result indicates that the target base station is not accessed in the current time slot, the at least two base station selection probabilities and the at least two target ACB control parameters corresponding to the MTC device accessing the at least two base stations in the next time slot are re-determined, and the re-determined at least two base station selection probabilities and at least two target ACB control parameters are broadcast to the MTC device.

[0018] The present invention also provides a device access method based on multi-base station cooperation, applied to MTC devices located in overlapping coverage areas of multiple base stations, the method comprising:

[0019] The MTC device receives a broadcast from the first base station indicating that it accesses at least two base stations, along with the base station selection probability for each base station and the target ACB control parameters for each base station; the first base station is one of the at least two base stations associated with the overlapping coverage area.

[0020] The target base station corresponding to the maximum base station selection probability is determined based on at least two base station selection probabilities, and ACB detection is performed based on the target ACB control parameters of the target base station to determine whether to access the target base station.

[0021] According to a device access method based on multi-base station collaboration provided by the present invention, the step of determining the target base station corresponding to the maximum base station selection probability based on at least two base station selection probabilities includes:

[0022] When the number of the first base stations is at least two, the target base station corresponding to the maximum base station selection probability is determined from at least two base station selection probabilities broadcast by each of the first base stations.

[0023] According to a device access method based on multi-base station cooperation provided by the present invention, the step of performing ACB detection based on the target ACB control parameters of the target base station to determine whether to access the target base station includes:

[0024] Determine whether the target random number is less than the target ACB control parameter of the target base station;

[0025] If the target random number is less than the target ACB control parameter of the target base station, access to the target base station is determined;

[0026] If the target random number is greater than or equal to the target ACB control parameter of the target base station, then backoff access to the target base station is determined.

[0027] The present invention also provides a device access system based on multi-base station collaboration, comprising a first base station of at least two base stations associated with an overlapping coverage area of ​​multiple base stations, and an MTC device located within the overlapping coverage area, wherein:

[0028] The first base station is configured to determine, for an MTC device located within the overlapping coverage area, the base station selection probability corresponding to each of the at least two base stations and the target ACB control parameters corresponding to each of the base stations when the MTC device accesses the at least two base stations; and broadcast at least two of the base station selection probabilities and at least two of the target ACB control parameters to the MTC device.

[0029] The MTC device is used to determine the target base station corresponding to the maximum base station selection probability based on at least two base station selection probabilities, and to perform ACB detection based on the target ACB control parameters of the target base station to determine whether to access the target base station.

[0030] The present invention also provides an electronic device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the program to implement the device access method based on multi-base station cooperation as described above.

[0031] The present invention also provides a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the device access method based on multi-base station cooperation as described above.

[0032] This invention provides a device access method, system, and electronic device based on multi-base station collaboration. The method first determines the base station selection probability and target ACB control parameters for each base station when an MTC device in an overlapping coverage area accesses at least two base stations. Then, it broadcasts the selection probabilities and target ACB control parameters to the MTC device. This allows the MTC device to perform ACB detection based on the target ACB control parameters of the target base station and determine whether to access the target base station with the highest selection probability. This achieves the goal of jointly deciding and selecting a target base station for MTC devices in an overlapping coverage area based on base station load and the number of MTC devices accessing the area. This effectively allocates MTC devices within the overlapping coverage area according to the load of each base station and improves the overall access performance of all MTC devices, thereby solving the access congestion problem in large-scale multi-base station access scenarios and significantly improving the access performance of MTC devices. Attached Figure Description

[0033] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in this invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0034] Figure 1 This is one of the flowcharts illustrating the device access method based on multi-base station collaboration provided by the present invention;

[0035] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a large-scale access scenario with multiple base stations provided by the present invention;

[0036] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the equipment base station selection process in the base station overlapping coverage area provided by the present invention;

[0037] Figure 4 This is the second flowchart of the device access method based on multi-base station collaboration provided by the present invention;

[0038] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the interaction process of the device access system based on multi-base station collaboration provided by the present invention;

[0039] Figure 6a This is one of the schematic diagrams showing the change of the average blocking rate of MTC devices with the number of connected MTC devices under different methods provided by the present invention;

[0040] Figure 6b This is the second schematic diagram of the average blocking rate of MTC devices as a function of the number of connected MTC devices under different methods provided by this invention;

[0041] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram showing the variation of the average access latency of MTC devices with the number of accessing MTC devices under different methods provided by this invention;

[0042] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram showing the variation of the average number of retransmissions of MTC devices with the number of connected MTC devices under different methods provided by this invention;

[0043] Figure 9a This is one of the schematic diagrams of the average blocking rate as a function of the number of connected MTC devices when the proportion of MTC devices in different overlapping coverage areas is different, provided by the present invention.

[0044] Figure 9b This is the second schematic diagram of the average blocking rate as a function of the number of connected MTC devices when the proportion of MTC devices in different overlapping coverage areas is different, as provided by the present invention.

[0045] Figure 10 This is one of the structural schematic diagrams of the device access device based on multi-base station collaboration provided by the present invention;

[0046] Figure 11 This is the second structural schematic diagram of the device access apparatus based on multi-base station collaboration provided by the present invention;

[0047] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the electronic device provided by the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0048] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the technical solutions of this invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0049] Due to limited wireless resources, congestion is the most pressing issue to address in large-scale machine-type communication (MTC) access within smart grids. When a massive number of MTC devices access the network simultaneously or within a short period, severe congestion occurs, leading to resource waste and significant data packet loss. Furthermore, in real-world large-scale smart grid access scenarios, relying solely on a single base station for access control is insufficient to meet the access demands of a large number of devices. To improve the load capacity and system capacity of the access network, devices are often located in overlapping coverage areas of multiple base stations, meaning they can choose to access and transmit data from different base stations. However, when multiple MTC devices choose the same base station for access, network congestion and overload inevitably occur due to this large-scale access. Therefore, effectively addressing the network congestion and overload problems caused by large-scale access has become a critical issue that urgently needs to be resolved.

[0050] In related technologies, large-scale access scenarios based on multi-base station collaboration establish an information sharing mechanism. Base stations can obtain information about their own access resources and the number of successful access requests, thereby better coordinating the access of each base station and providing more rational choices for power equipment, thus achieving effective allocation of large-scale power equipment access demands. This approach effectively utilizes random access resources, provides reliable quality of service guarantees for various smart grid applications, and effectively alleviates congestion and overload problems caused by large-scale access.

[0051] However, large-scale access methods based on multi-base station congestion control start from the optimization of the ACB algorithm. Some studies consider that since devices are highly likely to be within the coverage areas of multiple base stations, the ACB constraint factor of each base station can be optimized according to the congestion level. This is achieved through data interaction to share key network state information, and based on this information, a joint decision is made on the ACB factor to achieve globally optimal access congestion control, increasing resource utilization. Building on this, some research has proposed an enhanced cooperative ACB and traffic-adaptive wireless resource management method. This method aims to consider the number of devices connected to a given base station when selecting one, designing a more reasonable base station selection probability.

[0052] However, the congestion control methods described above only consider the dynamic optimal base station selection scheme and do not address the inter-device conflict problem after base station selection. Devices within this range have multiple base stations to choose from for access; considering only the access success rate of devices in overlapping coverage areas leads to unreliable access performance for other devices and increases the probability of access failure, severely impacting normal device access.

[0053] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides a device access method, apparatus, and electronic device based on multi-base station collaboration, which will be described below in conjunction with... Figures 1-12 This invention describes a device access method, apparatus, and electronic device based on multi-base station collaboration.

[0054] Reference Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the device access method based on multi-base station collaboration provided by the present invention, as shown below. Figure 1 As shown, this device access method based on multi-base station collaboration is applied to a first base station among at least two base stations associated with an overlapping coverage area of ​​multiple base stations, and includes the following steps:

[0055] Step 110: For MTC devices located in overlapping coverage areas, determine the base station selection probability for each base station when the MTC device accesses at least two base stations, as well as the target ACB control parameters for each base station.

[0056] The overlapping coverage area can contain one or more MTC devices; no specific limitation is made here. The overlapping coverage area can be formed by the overlapping coverage areas of at least two base stations. Furthermore, the base station selection probability can be the probability of the MTC device selecting a base station, and the target ACB control parameter can be the access class prohibition control factor for balancing the load of the corresponding base station.

[0057] Specifically, considering the multi-base station collaboration scenario in a smart grid, M base stations can be represented by m = 1, ..., M, and N active MTC devices can be represented by n = 1, ..., N. From this, we can obtain... Figure 2The diagram shown illustrates a large-scale access scenario with multiple base stations. Figure 2 In the diagram, the overlapping coverage areas of base stations 1, 2, and 3 are four in total. Specifically, the overlapping coverage area A of base station 1 and base station 2 is defined as follows: 12 The overlapping coverage area A of base station 1 and base station 3 13 The overlapping coverage area A of base station 2 and base station 3 23 and the overlapping coverage area A of base station 1, base station 2 and base station 3. 123 Furthermore, each MTC device within the overlapping coverage area can independently access the first of at least two base stations, for example, A. 12 The MTC device within the system can independently connect to either base station 1 or base station 2. 13 The MTC device within can independently connect to either base station 1 or base station 3, A 23 The MTC device inside can independently connect to either base station 2 or base station 3, A 123 The first base station that the MTC device in the system can independently access is base station 1, base station 2 or base station 3.

[0058] Based on this, when there is at least one overlapping coverage area in the coverage area of ​​multiple base stations, each overlapping coverage area corresponds to at least two base stations and each overlapping coverage area contains MTC devices, for an MTC device in one of the overlapping coverage areas, the first base station of the at least two base stations can determine the base station selection probability of each base station when the MTC device accesses at least two base stations, as well as the target ACB control parameters of each base station.

[0059] Step 120: Broadcast at least two base station selection probabilities and at least two target ACB control parameters to the MTC device; the MTC device is used to determine the target base station corresponding to the maximum base station selection probability based on the at least two base station selection probabilities, and to perform ACB detection based on the target ACB control parameters of the target base station to determine whether to access the target base station.

[0060] The target base station can be one of at least two base stations that form a corresponding overlapping coverage area.

[0061] Specifically, when the first base station determines at least two base station selection probabilities and at least two target ACB control parameters, it can broadcast to the MTC devices in the corresponding overlapping coverage area. This allows the MTC devices to determine the target base station corresponding to the maximum base station selection probability based on the at least two base station selection probabilities, and to perform ACB detection based on the target ACB control parameters of the target base station. In other words, it determines whether it is reasonable for the target base station to access the target base station under the load constraints of the current time slot based on the target ACB control parameters of the target base station. This achieves the goal of reasonably selecting the access base station under the premise of balancing the load of each base station.

[0062] The device access method based on multi-base station collaboration provided by this invention first determines the base station selection probability and target ACB control parameters for each base station when an MTC device in an overlapping coverage area accesses at least two base stations. Then, it broadcasts the selection probabilities and target ACB control parameters to the MTC device, enabling the MTC device to perform ACB detection based on the target ACB control parameters and determine whether to access the target base station with the highest selection probability. This achieves the goal of jointly deciding and selecting a target base station for MTC devices in an overlapping coverage area based on base station load and the number of accessing MTC devices. This effectively allocates MTC devices in the overlapping coverage area according to the load of each base station and improves the overall access performance of all MTC devices, thereby solving the access congestion problem in large-scale multi-base station access scenarios and significantly improving the access performance of MTC devices.

[0063] It is understandable that step 110, regarding the base station selection probability for each base station when the MTC device accesses at least two base stations, may specifically include the following steps:

[0064] First, determine the first conditional probability of an MTC device selecting a second base station and successfully accessing it, and the second conditional probability of an MTC device within the coverage area of ​​multiple base stations selecting any one of the multiple base stations and successfully accessing it; the second base station is any one of at least two base stations; further, based on the first conditional probability and the second conditional probability, determine the base station selection probability corresponding to when the MTC device accesses the second base station.

[0065] Specifically, refer to Figure 3 The diagram shown illustrates the equipment base station selection process in the overlapping coverage area of ​​base stations. Figure 3 In the middle, overlapping coverage area A 123 It includes MTC equipment D1 and MTC equipment D2. The first base station can be base station 1, base station 2, or base station 3, and the second base station can also be base station 1, base station 2, or base station 3. That is, the first base station can be the same as or different from the second base station; and P(BS) m |D n ) represents the probability of selecting at least two base stations, that is, the probability of MTC device n selecting base station m.

[0066] Based on this, such as Figure 3As shown, for MTC device D1, the probability of selecting at least two base stations when the first base station accesses at least two base stations includes P(BS1|D1), P(BS2|D1), and P(BS3|D1); for MTC device D2, the probability of selecting at least two base stations when the first base station accesses at least two base stations includes P(BS1|D2), P(BS2|D2), and P(BS3|D2). Therefore, it can be determined that P(D1|D2| ... n |BS m' ) represents the first conditional probability that MTC device n in the overlapping coverage area selects the second base station m' and successfully accesses the network. Its calculation formula is:

[0067]

[0068] In equation (1), N m' (i) Select the total number of MTC devices to be connected to the second base station m' for time slot i. Let T be the total number of MTC devices that successfully accessed the second base station m' in time slot i, and let T be the number of uplink access resource blocks (RBs) available to the second base station m'. To achieve the desired operation, p is the initial ACB control parameter of the second base station m'; k, l, and T are positive integers, where k ≥ l.

[0069] Furthermore, the second conditional probability that all MTC devices within the coverage area of ​​multiple base stations can successfully access any one of the multiple base stations can be p(x), and its calculation formula is as follows:

[0070]

[0071] In equation (2), P(BS) m' Let |M| be the prior probability of selecting the second base station m'; within the overlapping coverage area, an MTC device can choose any surrounding base station, and the prior probability of selecting all base stations is the same. Therefore, ||M| n The prior probability that a base station covers n MTC devices can be...

[0072] At this point, based on the first conditional probability and the second conditional probability, the base station selection probability corresponding to the MTC device accessing the second base station can be determined as P(BS). m' |D n The calculation formula is as follows:

[0073]

[0074] It should be noted that this invention can use C m'(i) represents the set of MTC devices active and awaiting access within the coverage area of ​​base station m' in time slot i. These MTC devices can independently access base station m'. In a multi-base station cooperative access scenario, all base stations accurately know the C corresponding to each second base station m'. m (i).

[0075] This invention can use M n This represents the set of base stations that an MTC device n can choose to access, where device n ranges from M. n Select one device for random access; use ||M n || represents M n The norm of represents the number of base stations that an MTC device n can choose to access. Since in LTE-A, base stations can request MTC devices to survey surrounding base stations and report the survey results, all base stations know precisely the M corresponding to each MTC device n. n However, for MTC devices j where n ≠ j, the M corresponding to MTC device n cannot be accurately obtained. n .

[0076] This invention can also use N m' (i) represents the set of MTC devices that are determined to access the second base station m' after base station selection in time slot i. Using ||N m (i)|| represents N m (i) represents the norm of the second base station m' determined by time slot i. Only when the base station selection strategy for the MTC devices is clear can the base station accurately know N. m' (i) Therefore, a base station selection algorithm is needed to optimally allocate devices in overlapping areas, thereby achieving collaborative access of multiple base stations.

[0077] Furthermore, the activation model for all devices within the coverage area of ​​all base stations in this invention adopts a bursty M2M traffic model. Here, M2M traffic model stands for Machine to Machine, referring to data transmission from one terminal to another, i.e., a machine-to-machine dialogue model. In the M2M traffic model, a large number of MTC devices activate within a short time T. A It is activated with a certain probability. If each activation time T... A Divided into I A There are 3 time slots, with the i-th time slot starting at time t. i And it ends at time t. i+1 A beta distribution with parameters α and β is used to simulate the burst arrival of M2M traffic. Based on this, each MTC device at time t∈[0,T] A The element is activated with probability g(t), and its calculation formula is:

[0078]

[0079] in, Represents the beta function and α = 3, β = 4.

[0080] Based on this, according to the initial ACB control parameter p of the second base station m', access is only allowed when the target random number generated by the MTC device is less than p. Therefore, in N m' (i) indicates the total number of MTC devices selected for time slot i to access the second base station m'. This indicates the number of MTC devices that have successfully requested access to base station m' through ACB detection in time slot i. It can be calculated that when there are k MTC devices waiting to access, the following applies: The probability that an MTC device passes the ACB test is:

[0081]

[0082] Since the number of available uplink access RBs for the second base station m' is T, then for One MTC device successfully sent an access request, causing Y to... t Let represent the number of MTC devices that selected the t-th RB. The probability that only one MTC device selected the t-th RB and thus successfully connected without conflict is:

[0083]

[0084] Therefore, the total number of MTC devices successfully accessed by the second base station m' in time slot i is At that time, it can be calculated Of the MTC devices that successfully sent access requests, those that successfully accessed... The expected total number of MTC devices is:

[0085]

[0086] Based on this, it is possible to calculate N when selecting the second base station m' to access in time slot i. m' When (i) = k MTC devices, successful access is achieved. The expectation for each MTC device is:

[0087]

[0088] Based on the above analysis, since all MTC devices in the second base station m' have the same probability of successfully accessing the network, we can obtain equation (1). Furthermore, since MTC devices in the overlapping coverage area can choose any of the surrounding base stations, and the prior probability of choosing all base stations is the same, we can obtain equations (2) and (3).

[0089] Based on the base station selection probabilities described above, each MTC device dynamically selects a base station according to the load of surrounding base stations and the number of MTC devices requesting access in the current time slot. For the base station, the number of MTC devices it selects to access in each time slot is unknown and needs to be estimated. Furthermore, since the ultimate goal of base station selection is to balance the load among various base stations, thereby improving the average access success rate of all devices and reducing the average access latency, the aim is to ensure that MTC devices access base stations with lower congestion in the current time slot. Therefore, the estimated number of MTC devices waiting to access in time slot i can be obtained by randomly assigning MTC devices in overlapping coverage areas. In this case, under random access, more congested base stations will have a lower probability of being selected by MTC devices in overlapping coverage areas, thus effectively reducing the probability of congestion.

[0090] It is understandable that, regarding the target ACB control parameters for each base station when the MTC device accesses at least two base stations in step 110, the process of determining one of the target ACB control parameters specifically includes:

[0091] First, determine the number of MTC devices that need to access the first base station in the current time slot, as well as the number of base stations corresponding to the coverage areas of multiple base stations; then, based on the ratio of the number of base stations to the number of MTC devices and the comparison result with a preset constant, determine the target ACB control parameters corresponding to the first base station.

[0092] Specifically, based on the aforementioned derivation of equations (1) to (3), it can be seen that in time slot i, the N to be accessed by the second base station m' is selected. m' When (i) = k MTC devices, successful access is achieved. The expectation of an MTC device can be expressed as:

[0093]

[0094] To maximize the number of MTC devices successfully accessing each time slot base station, the optimal ACB control parameters need to be dynamically determined based on the access status of each time slot. Therefore, the derivative of equation (9) with respect to p is:

[0095]

[0096] Analysis of equation (10) shows that when the number of available uplink access RBs for the second base station m' is greater than or equal to the number of MTCs to be accessed, i.e., T≥k, the derivative of equation (10) is always greater than 0. Therefore, we can set p*=1 to obtain the maximum number of accessing MTC devices. At this time, all MTC devices do not require ACB detection; they can send access requests as long as they are in an active state. When T<k, setting the derivative of equation (10) to 0 yields the optimal ACB control parameter p. * At this point, p* = T / k. Therefore, the optimal ACB factor can be determined as:

[0097]

[0098] In equation (11), M is the number of base stations corresponding to the coverage area of ​​multiple base stations, n' is the number of MTC devices that need to access the first base station in the current time slot, and min is the operation to find the minimum value.

[0099] In a single-base station ACB congestion control algorithm, the number of MTC devices requesting access can be limited by setting the base station's ACB control parameters. However, in large-scale multi-base station access scenarios, due to the large number of accessing MTC devices, the ACB control parameters will be set to very small values, resulting in a low access success rate and significant access latency for MTC devices. Therefore, the goal of this invention is to design a dynamic base station selection algorithm based on the number of active devices in each time slot and the base station's load, through joint decision-making among base stations, and to design a multi-base station cooperative congestion control scheme to obtain dynamically optimal ACB control parameters, i.e., the target ACB control parameters corresponding to each base station when acting as the target base station, thereby improving access performance such as MTC device access latency and access success rate.

[0100] It is understood that, after step 120, the device access method based on multi-base station cooperation provided by the present invention may further include:

[0101] The system receives the access result from the MTC device; and if the access result indicates that the target base station is not accessed in the current time slot, it re-determines the at least two base station selection probabilities and the at least two target ACB control parameters corresponding to the MTC device accessing at least two base stations in the next time slot, and broadcasts the re-determined at least two base station selection probabilities and at least two target ACB control parameters to the MTC device.

[0102] Specifically, the MTC device can employ the Dynamic Access Class Barring (DACB) method for congestion control. That is, when the MTC device receives at least two base station selection probabilities broadcast by the first device in the current time slot, determines a target base station, and after performing ACB detection based on the target base station's target ACB control parameters, determines that it will not access the target base station in the current time slot, it can report the access result of not accessing the target base station in the current time slot to the first base station. At this point, the first base station can re-determine the at least two base station selection probabilities and at least two target ACB control parameters in the next time slot. That is, it re-determines the at least two base station selection probabilities and the at least two target ACB control parameters corresponding to the MTC device accessing at least two base stations in the next time slot, and then broadcasts the re-determined at least two base station selection probabilities and at least two target ACB control parameters to the MTC device, enabling the MTC device to re-determine the target base station and decide whether to access the re-determined target base station in the next time slot. Furthermore, when the MTC device reports the access result of accessing the target base station in the current time slot to the first device, the first device can maintain a continuous connection with the MTC device and perform data transmission in subsequent time slots.

[0103] The device access method based on multi-base station collaboration provided by this invention provides the access results of the current time slot not being accessed by the target base station, which are fed back by the MTC. By first re-determining the selection probability of at least two base stations when the MTC device accesses at least two base stations in the next time slot and the control parameters of at least two target ACB corresponding to at least two base stations, and then broadcasting this dynamic adjustment of ACB control parameters to the MTC device, the congestion problem when a large number of devices access limited resources is effectively solved, thereby reducing the probability of conflict, effectively improving the device access success rate, and reducing the communication overhead during the access process.

[0104] Reference Figure 4 This is a flowchart illustrating the device access method based on multi-base station collaboration provided by the present invention, as shown below. Figure 4 As shown, this device access method based on multi-base station collaboration is applied to MTC devices located in overlapping coverage areas of multiple base stations. The method includes:

[0105] Step 410: Receive the base station selection probability and target ACB control parameters for each base station when the MTC device accesses at least two base stations, as broadcast by the first base station; the first base station is one of at least two base stations associated with the overlapping coverage area of ​​multiple base stations.

[0106] Step 420: Determine the target base station corresponding to the maximum base station selection probability based on at least two base station selection probabilities, and perform ACB detection based on the target ACB control parameters of the target base station to determine whether to access the target base station.

[0107] It should be noted that the MTC device can receive at least two base station selection probabilities and at least two target ACB control parameters broadcast by the first base station, and determine the target base station corresponding to the maximum base station selection probability based on the at least two base station selection probabilities. Furthermore, it performs ACB detection based on the target ACB control parameters of the target base station, that is, it judges whether it is reasonable for the target base station to access the target base station under the load constraints of the current time slot based on the target ACB control parameters of the target base station, so as to achieve the purpose of reasonably selecting the access base station under the premise of balancing the load of each base station.

[0108] It is understandable that step 420, which determines the target base station corresponding to the maximum base station selection probability based on at least two base station selection probabilities, may specifically include the following implementation process:

[0109] When there are at least two first base stations, the target base station with the highest base station selection probability is determined from the at least two base station selection probabilities broadcast by each first base station.

[0110] Specifically, when there are at least two first base stations, the MTC device can receive at least two base station selection probabilities broadcast by each first base station, and determine the target base station corresponding to the maximum base station selection probability from all the received base station selection probabilities.

[0111] It is understandable that step 420 involves ACB detection based on the target ACB control parameters of the target base station to determine whether to access the target base station. The specific implementation process includes:

[0112] First, determine the target random number; then determine whether the target random number is less than the target ACB control parameter of the target base station; if the target random number is less than the target ACB control parameter of the target base station, determine access to the target base station; if the target random number is greater than or equal to the target ACB control parameter of the target base station, determine backoff access to the target base station.

[0113] Specifically, the MTC device has the function of automatically generating a target random number. This target random number can be used as a contention metric, that is, it is used to compare its magnitude with the target ACB control parameter of the target base station. This allows the MTC to determine whether to access the target base station in the current time slot based on the magnitude comparison result. The target random number can be a random number with a value range of (0,1). Based on this, the MTC device can determine whether the automatically generated target random number q is less than the target ACB control parameter p of the target base station. * And in q < p* In the case of q≥p, the MTC device determines the target base station to access, that is, it begins the process of randomly accessing the target base station; conversely, in the case of q≥p * In this case, the MTC device determines the target base station to back off, which means regenerating the target random number and comparing it with the target ACB control parameters of the newly determined target base station. Only when q < p * Only MTC devices can perform the random access procedure. The target base station re-determined here is the target base station corresponding to the maximum base station selection probability, which is re-determined based on at least two base station selection probabilities rebroadcast by the first base station in the next time slot.

[0114] Reference Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the interaction process of the device access system based on multi-base station collaboration provided by the present invention, such as... Figure 5 As shown, the device access system based on multi-base station collaboration includes a first base station of at least two base stations associated with an overlapping coverage area of ​​multiple base stations, and an MTC device located within the overlapping coverage area, wherein:

[0115] The first base station is used to determine the base station selection probability of each base station and the target ACB control parameters of each base station when the MTC device is connected to at least two base stations, and to broadcast the at least two base station selection probabilities and at least two target ACB control parameters to the MTC device.

[0116] The MTC device is used to determine the target base station corresponding to the maximum base station selection probability based on at least two base station selection probabilities, and to perform ACB detection based on the target ACB control parameters of the target base station to determine whether to access the target base station.

[0117] It should be noted that, as Figure 5 The device access system based on multi-base station collaboration shown can be implemented in accordance with the aforementioned embodiments. Further details are omitted here.

[0118] To verify the rationality and feasibility of the method of the present invention, the present invention is described in detail through the following simulation results and performance analysis.

[0119] The simulation parameters required for the simulation are shown in Table 1.

[0120]

[0121]

[0122] Figure 6a and Figure 6b The curves showing the change in average blocking rate of MTC devices with the number of connected MTC devices under different methods are presented. Figure 6aMaximum retransmission limit O m =50 change curve, and Figure 6b For large retransmission restrictions O m The curve showing the change in value 200. From... Figure 6a and Figure 6b As can be seen, with the increase in the total number of MTC devices, more conflicts occur, and the average blocking rate of MTC devices also increases. In the ACB scheme, setting the ACB factor to a fixed value of 0.2 shows that both the random base station selection method and the base station selection method proposed in this invention have a high blocking rate. This is because in the ACB scheme with a fixed detection factor, the base station cannot adjust the detection factor according to the number of MTC devices accessing in real time. When the number of MTC devices waiting to access is small, a large number of MTC devices fail to pass the detection during access, resulting in access failure. Correspondingly, when the number of MTC devices waiting to access is large, severe conflicts occur, both leading to a high blocking rate. In contrast, the DAB scheme, because the detection factor can be dynamically adjusted, shows a lower blocking rate compared to the ACB scheme, and the blocking rate is significantly reduced when using the base station selection algorithm proposed in this invention. The reason for this phenomenon is that the base station selection algorithm proposed in this invention dynamically designs the base station selection scheme based on the complexity of each base station and the number of MTC devices waiting to access at the current moment, so that MTC devices try to select base stations with a high access success rate, thereby effectively reducing the average blocking rate.

[0123] Additionally from Figure 6a and Figure 6b The differences show that when the maximum retransmission limit increases, the average blocking rate of the base station selection algorithm combined with DAB proposed in this invention is significantly reduced, while other comparative schemes still have relatively high blocking rates. Therefore, the base station selection algorithm proposed in this invention has been well verified in terms of average blocking rate. Figure 6a and Figure 6b The base station selection algorithm proposed in this invention is the aforementioned device access method based on multi-base station collaboration.

[0124] Figure 7 The curves showing the variation of average access latency of MTC devices with the number of accessing MTC devices under different methods are presented. Figure 7 As can be seen, with the increase in the total number of MTC devices, more collisions occur, and the average access latency of MTC devices increases accordingly. Furthermore, from... Figure 7As can be seen, the base station selection algorithm proposed in this invention effectively reduces access latency compared to the random selection scheme. When the number of MTC devices is 1000, the average blocking rate is close to 0. With the same number of successfully accessed MTC devices, both the DAB scheme and the base station selection algorithm proposed in this invention significantly reduce the average latency of MTC device access. Furthermore, when using the DAB scheme, it can be observed that the base station selection algorithm proposed in this invention has a slightly higher average latency than the random selection scheme when the number of MTC devices is small, i.e., 2000-7000 devices. This is due to the significantly increased success rate and the increased number of successfully accessed MTC devices. However, in large-scale access scenarios, when the number of MTC devices is greater than 7000, the base station selection algorithm proposed in this invention has a latency comparable to the comparative scheme. Therefore, the base station selection algorithm proposed in this invention effectively optimizes the average blocking rate performance indicator without significantly increasing access latency. Figure 7 The base station selection algorithm proposed in this invention is the aforementioned device access method based on multi-base station collaboration.

[0125] Figure 8 The curves showing the average number of retransmissions per MTC device as a function of the number of connected MTC devices are presented under different methods. From Figure 8 As can be seen, with the increase in the total number of MTC devices, more collisions occur, and the average number of retransmissions per MTC device increases accordingly. Furthermore, from... Figure 8 As can be seen, the base station selection algorithm and the DAB congestion control scheme with dynamically adjusted ACB control parameters proposed in this invention effectively reduce the average retransmission count of MTC devices and decrease communication overhead during the access process. This is because the base station selection algorithm proposed in this invention effectively controls the number of MTC devices accessed by each base station through a reasonable base station selection scheme, reducing the probability of severe congestion at the base station. Furthermore, the DAB congestion control scheme adopted in this invention controls access according to the actual access situation, effectively solving the congestion problem when a large number of MTC devices access limited resources, thereby reducing the probability of collisions and effectively improving the access success rate of MTC devices, thus reducing the average retransmission count due to access failures. It can be seen that the base station selection algorithm proposed in this invention has been well verified in terms of the average retransmission count. Figure 8 The base station selection algorithm proposed in this invention is the aforementioned device access method based on multi-base station collaboration.

[0126] Figure 9a and Figure 9b The curves showing the average blocking rate as a function of the number of connected MTC devices are presented for different overlapping coverage areas with varying proportions of MTC devices. Figure 9a It is a random selection algorithm; Figure 9bThis invention proposes a base station selection algorithm, which is also the aforementioned device access method based on multi-base station collaboration; the ratio configurations 1 to 4 are all for N. A1 :N A2 :N A3 :N A12 :N A13 :N A23 :N A123 The specific configurations are as follows: ratio configuration 1 is 3:2:1:2:2:2:1, ratio configuration 2 is 2:2:2:2:2:2:1, ratio configuration 3 is 9:6:3:2:2:2:1, and ratio configuration 4 is 6:6:6:2:2:2:1. From... Figure 9a and Figure 9b As can be seen, when using the random base station selection algorithm, the larger the proportion of MTC devices in the overlapping coverage area, the higher the average blocking rate becomes due to the difficulty in perfectly balancing the load among base stations. Furthermore, it can be seen that the greater the difference in the number of MTC devices in non-overlapping coverage areas, the higher the average blocking rate. However, for the base station selection algorithm proposed in this invention, when the total number of MTC devices is the same, the average blocking rate of MTC devices remains stable regardless of the proportion of MTC devices in each overlapping coverage area. Moreover, from... Figure 9a and Figure 9b As can be seen, the base station selection algorithm proposed in this invention effectively balances the allocation of MTC devices based on base station load conditions, and compared to a random scheme, it effectively reduces the probability of device collisions. Therefore, the base station selection algorithm combined with DAB proposed in this invention has been well validated in terms of the stability of the average blocking rate.

[0127] The following describes the device access apparatus based on multi-base station collaboration provided by the present invention. The device access apparatus based on multi-base station collaboration described below and the device access method based on multi-base station collaboration described above can be referred to in correspondence with each other.

[0128] Reference Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the device access apparatus based on multi-base station collaboration provided by the present invention, as shown below. Figure 10 As shown, the device access apparatus 1000 based on multi-base station collaboration may include:

[0129] The first determining module 1010 is used to determine, for an MTC device located in an overlapping coverage area, the base station selection probability of each base station and the target ACB control parameters of each base station when the MTC device accesses at least two base stations.

[0130] The data broadcast module 1020 is used to broadcast at least two base station selection probabilities and at least two target ACB control parameters to the MTC device; the MTC device is used to determine the target base station corresponding to the maximum base station selection probability based on the at least two base station selection probabilities, and to perform ACB detection based on the target ACB control parameters of the target base station to determine whether to access the target base station.

[0131] It is understood that the first determining module 1010 can be specifically used to determine the first conditional probability of an MTC device selecting a second base station and successfully accessing it, and the second conditional probability of all MTC devices within the coverage area of ​​multiple base stations selecting any one of the multiple base stations and successfully accessing it; the second base station is any one of at least two base stations; based on the first conditional probability and the second conditional probability, the base station selection probability corresponding to the MTC device accessing the second base station is determined.

[0132] It is understandable that the first determining module 1010 can also be used to determine the number of MTC devices that need to access the first base station in the current time slot, as well as the number of base stations corresponding to the coverage area of ​​multiple base stations; and to determine the target ACB control parameters corresponding to the first base station based on the comparison result between the ratio of the number of base stations and the number of MTC devices and a preset constant.

[0133] It is understood that the device access apparatus based on multi-base station collaboration provided by the present invention may also include a dynamic adjustment module, which is used to receive the access result fed back by the MTC device; when the access result indicates that the target base station is not accessed in the current time slot, the module re-determines the at least two base station selection probabilities and the at least two target ACB control parameters corresponding to the MTC device accessing at least two base stations in the next time slot, and broadcasts the re-determined at least two base station selection probabilities and at least two target ACB control parameters to the MTC device.

[0134] Reference Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the device access apparatus based on multi-base station collaboration provided by the present invention, as shown below. Figure 11 As shown, the device access apparatus 1100 based on multi-base station collaboration may include:

[0135] The data receiving module 1110 is used to receive the base station selection probability of each base station and the target ACB control parameters of each base station when the MTC device accesses at least two base stations, as broadcast by the first base station; the first base station is one of the at least two base stations associated with the overlapping coverage area.

[0136] The second determining module 1120 is used to determine the target base station corresponding to the maximum base station selection probability based on at least two base station selection probabilities, and to perform ACB detection based on the target ACB control parameters of the target base station to determine whether to access the target base station.

[0137] It is understood that the second determining module 1120 can be specifically used to determine the target base station corresponding to the maximum base station selection probability from at least two base station selection probabilities broadcast by each first base station when the number of first base stations is at least two.

[0138] It is understandable that the second determining module 1120 can also be used to determine a target random number; determine whether the target random number is less than the target ACB control parameter of the target base station; determine access to the target base station if the target random number is less than the target ACB control parameter of the target base station; and determine backoff access to the target base station if the target random number is greater than or equal to the target ACB control parameter of the target base station.

[0139] Figure 12 An example is a schematic diagram of the physical structure of an electronic device, such as... Figure 12 As shown, the electronic device 1200 may include: a processor 1210, a communications interface 1220, a memory 1230, and a communication bus 1240, wherein the processor 1210, the communications interface 1220, and the memory 1230 communicate with each other through the communication bus 1240. The processor 1210 can call logical instructions in the memory 1230 to execute a device access method based on multi-base station cooperation, the method including:

[0140] For MTC devices located in overlapping coverage areas, determine the base station selection probability for each base station and the target ACB control parameters for each base station when the MTC device accesses at least two base stations.

[0141] At least two base station selection probabilities and at least two target ACB control parameters are broadcast to an MTC device; the MTC device is used to determine the target base station corresponding to the maximum base station selection probability based on the at least two base station selection probabilities, and to perform ACB detection based on the target ACB control parameters of the target base station to determine whether to access the target base station. Alternatively, the method includes:

[0142] The base station selection probability and target ACB control parameters for each base station when the MTC device receiving the broadcast from the first base station accesses at least two base stations; the first base station is one of the at least two base stations associated with the overlapping coverage area;

[0143] The target base station corresponding to the maximum base station selection probability is determined based on at least two base station selection probabilities, and ACB detection is performed based on the target ACB control parameters of the target base station to determine whether to access the target base station.

[0144] Furthermore, the logical instructions in the aforementioned memory 1230 can be implemented as software functional units and, when sold or used as independent products, can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, essentially, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or a part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of the present invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, portable hard drives, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0145] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a computer program product, the computer program product comprising a computer program, the computer program being able to be stored on a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the computer being able to execute the device access method based on multi-base station cooperation provided by the above methods, the method comprising:

[0146] For MTC devices located in overlapping coverage areas, determine the base station selection probability for each base station and the target ACB control parameters for each base station when the MTC device accesses at least two base stations.

[0147] At least two base station selection probabilities and at least two target ACB control parameters are broadcast to an MTC device; the MTC device is used to determine the target base station corresponding to the maximum base station selection probability based on the at least two base station selection probabilities, and to perform ACB detection based on the target ACB control parameters of the target base station to determine whether to access the target base station. Alternatively, the method includes:

[0148] The base station selection probability and target ACB control parameters for each base station when the MTC device receiving the broadcast from the first base station accesses at least two base stations; the first base station is one of the at least two base stations associated with the overlapping coverage area;

[0149] The target base station corresponding to the maximum base station selection probability is determined based on at least two base station selection probabilities, and ACB detection is performed based on the target ACB control parameters of the target base station to determine whether to access the target base station.

[0150] In another aspect, the present invention also provides a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, is implemented to perform the device access method based on multi-base station cooperation provided by the above methods, the method comprising:

[0151] For MTC devices located in overlapping coverage areas, determine the base station selection probability for each base station and the target ACB control parameters for each base station when the MTC device accesses at least two base stations.

[0152] At least two base station selection probabilities and at least two target ACB control parameters are broadcast to an MTC device; the MTC device is used to determine the target base station corresponding to the maximum base station selection probability based on the at least two base station selection probabilities, and to perform ACB detection based on the target ACB control parameters of the target base station to determine whether to access the target base station. Alternatively, the method includes:

[0153] The base station selection probability and target ACB control parameters for each base station when the MTC device receiving the broadcast from the first base station accesses at least two base stations; the first base station is one of the at least two base stations associated with the overlapping coverage area;

[0154] The target base station corresponding to the maximum base station selection probability is determined based on at least two base station selection probabilities, and ACB detection is performed based on the target ACB control parameters of the target base station to determine whether to access the target base station.

[0155] The device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the modules can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs. Those skilled in the art can understand and implement this without any creative effort.

[0156] Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that each embodiment can be implemented by means of software plus necessary general-purpose hardware platforms, and of course, it can also be implemented by hardware. Based on this understanding, the above technical solutions, in essence or the part that contributes to the prior art, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, such as ROM / RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk, etc., and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute the methods described in the various embodiments or some parts of the embodiments.

[0157] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device access method based on multi-base station collaboration, characterized in that, The method, applied to a first base station of at least two base stations associated with an overlapping coverage area of ​​multiple base stations, includes: For an MTC device located within the overlapping coverage area, determine the base station selection probability for each of the at least two base stations and the target ACB control parameters for each base station when the MTC device accesses them. Among them, the MTC devices in the overlapping coverage area Select the second base station And the first conditional probability of successful access The calculation formula is: （1）； In equation (1), For time slots Select to connect to the second base station The total number of MTC devices, For the second base station In the time slot Total number of successfully connected MTC devices. For the second base station Number of available uplink access resource blocks, To achieve the desired operation, For the second base station The initial ACB control parameters; , and They are positive integers, ; The second conditional probability that all MTC devices within the coverage area of ​​the multiple base stations select any one of the multiple base stations and successfully access the network. The calculation formula is: （2）； In equation (2), For the number of base stations, The number of MTC devices. To select a second base station The prior probability; The MTC device is determined based on the first conditional probability and the second conditional probability. Access to the second base station The corresponding base station selection probability The calculation formula is: （3）； For at least two of the target ACB control parameters, the process of determining the target ACB control parameters includes: Determine the number of MTC devices that need to access the first base station in the current time slot, and the number of base stations corresponding to the coverage area of ​​the multiple base stations; Based on the comparison between the ratio of the number of base stations to the number of MTC devices and a preset constant, the target ACB control parameters corresponding to the first base station are determined. The MTC device broadcasts at least two of the base station selection probabilities and at least two of the target ACB control parameters to the MTC device; the MTC device is used to determine the target base station corresponding to the maximum base station selection probability based on the at least two base station selection probabilities, and to perform ACB detection based on the target ACB control parameters of the target base station to determine whether to access the target base station.

2. The device access method based on multi-base station collaboration according to claim 1, characterized in that, For at least two base station selection probabilities, the process of determining the base station selection probability includes: Determine a first conditional probability that the MTC device selects the second base station and successfully accesses it, and a second conditional probability that all MTC devices within the coverage area of ​​the multiple base stations select any one of the multiple base stations and successfully access it; the second base station is any one of the at least two base stations. Based on the first conditional probability and the second conditional probability, the base station selection probability corresponding to when the MTC device accesses the second base station is determined.

3. The device access method based on multi-base station collaboration according to any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that, The method further includes: Receive the access result fed back by the MTC device; If the access result indicates that the target base station is not accessed in the current time slot, the at least two base station selection probabilities and the at least two target ACB control parameters corresponding to the MTC device accessing the at least two base stations in the next time slot are re-determined, and the re-determined at least two base station selection probabilities and at least two target ACB control parameters are broadcast to the MTC device.

4. A device access method based on multi-base station collaboration, characterized in that, The method, applied to MTC devices located in overlapping coverage areas of multiple base stations, includes: The MTC device receives a broadcast from the first base station indicating that it accesses at least two base stations, along with the base station selection probability for each base station and the target ACB control parameters for each base station; the first base station is one of the at least two base stations associated with the overlapping coverage area. Among them, the MTC devices in the overlapping coverage area Select the second base station And the first conditional probability of successful access The calculation formula is: （1）； In equation (1), For time slots Select to connect to the second base station The total number of MTC devices, For the second base station In the time slot Total number of successfully connected MTC devices. For the second base station Number of available uplink access resource blocks, To achieve the desired operation, For the second base station The initial ACB control parameters; , and They are positive integers, ; The second conditional probability that all MTC devices within the coverage area of ​​the multiple base stations select any one of the multiple base stations and successfully access the network. The calculation formula is: （2）； In equation (2), For the number of base stations, The number of MTC devices. To select a second base station The prior probability; The MTC device is determined based on the first conditional probability and the second conditional probability. Access to the second base station The corresponding base station selection probability The calculation formula is: （3）； For at least two of the target ACB control parameters, the process of determining the target ACB control parameters includes: Determine the number of MTC devices that need to access the first base station in the current time slot, and the number of base stations corresponding to the coverage area of ​​the multiple base stations; Based on the comparison between the ratio of the number of base stations to the number of MTC devices and a preset constant, the target ACB control parameters corresponding to the first base station are determined. The target base station corresponding to the maximum base station selection probability is determined based on at least two base station selection probabilities, and ACB detection is performed based on the target ACB control parameters of the target base station to determine whether to access the target base station.

5. The device access method based on multi-base station collaboration according to claim 4, characterized in that, The step of determining the target base station corresponding to the maximum base station selection probability based on the selection probabilities of at least two base stations includes: When the number of the first base stations is at least two, the target base station corresponding to the maximum base station selection probability is determined from at least two base station selection probabilities broadcast by each of the first base stations.

6. The device access method based on multi-base station collaboration according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that, The step of performing ACB detection based on the target ACB control parameters of the target base station to determine whether to access the target base station includes: Determine whether the target random number is less than the target ACB control parameter of the target base station; If the target random number is less than the target ACB control parameter of the target base station, access to the target base station is determined; If the target random number is greater than or equal to the target ACB control parameter of the target base station, then backoff access to the target base station is determined.

7. A device access system based on multi-base station collaboration, characterized in that, The device access method based on multi-base station collaboration as described in any one of claims 1 to 6 includes a first base station of at least two base stations associated with an overlapping coverage area of ​​multiple base stations and an MTC device located within the overlapping coverage area, wherein: The first base station is configured to determine, for an MTC device located within the overlapping coverage area, the base station selection probability corresponding to each of the at least two base stations and the target ACB control parameters corresponding to each of the base stations when the MTC device accesses the at least two base stations; and broadcast at least two of the base station selection probabilities and at least two of the target ACB control parameters to the MTC device. The MTC device is used to determine the target base station corresponding to the maximum base station selection probability based on at least two base station selection probabilities, and to perform ACB detection based on the target ACB control parameters of the target base station to determine whether to access the target base station.

8. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that, When the processor executes the program, it implements the device access method based on multi-base station collaboration as described in any one of claims 1 to 6.

9. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements the device access method based on multi-base station collaboration as described in any one of claims 1 to 6.

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