A device for blocking sudden soil volatile substances

Abstract

This application provides a device for blocking sudden soil volatile organic compound (VOC) pollution, belonging to the field of soil treatment technology. It includes a first side filter pipe, a second side filter pipe, a first barrier layer, and a second barrier layer. The first barrier layer has a structure of non-woven geotextile-film-non-woven geotextile, and the second barrier layer is composed of non-woven geotextile-filler layer-non-woven geotextile-filler layer-non-woven geotextile. The first barrier layer is located above the first and second side filter pipes, and the second barrier layer is located below them. At least one of the first and second barrier layers is connected to the first and second side filter pipes, forming an uncovered cavity between them. Air vents are provided on the filter pipes corresponding to the cavity. This invention addresses sudden soil VOC pollution events, achieving in-situ blocking and preventing the escape of VOCs.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to a device for blocking sudden soil volatile substances, belonging to the field of soil treatment technology. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, soil pollution is characterized by uneven distribution, diverse types, and complex scenarios. With the advancement of industrialization and the optimization of industrial structure, heavily polluted and high-risk sites urgently require remediation and control. In response to the aforementioned complex pollution situation, the more mature remediation technologies used in China mainly include ex-situ treatment technologies (stabilization and solidification, chemical oxidation-reduction, thermal desorption, landfill, chemical leaching, and cement kiln co-treatment technologies, etc.) and in-situ remediation technologies (stabilization and solidification, chemical oxidation-reduction, thermal desorption, phytoremediation, and microbial remediation, etc.).

[0003] However, the complexity of contaminated site conditions and the environmental behavior of pollutants limits the breadth and depth of remediation technology applications. Furthermore, these technologies are time-consuming and costly to apply, making it difficult to simultaneously achieve environmental remediation and safe land use. Based on existing experience in contaminated site management, risk control technologies for contaminated sites include engineering barrier technologies and institutional control technologies, in addition to remediation techniques. Among these, engineering barrier technologies, as an effective pollutant control technology, are gradually gaining attention and application due to their economic efficiency, speed, and environmental friendliness. However, the application of soil pollution barrier technologies remains limited due to factors such as high energy consumption, low efficiency, potential for secondary pollution, significant carbon release, and risks to operator safety.

[0004] The research and development of emergency soil barrier technologies is also in its early stages. Patents related to barrier technologies for soil pollutant diffusion mainly include research on barrier control methods, barrier materials, and barrier equipment. Barrier equipment primarily includes in-situ barrier rolls (CN 110607808, CN 109289810, CN 211948583, CN 113263805), barrier walls (CN115199132, CN 110984238), and barrier devices (CN 213960917, CN 217315108, CN113463694, CN217870634). Barrier rolls are particularly convenient and quick to use, making them more suitable for emergency barrier control of soil pollution. However, the currently invented roll materials are mainly used for blocking heavy metal pollution in soil. They cannot play a timely and effective role in preventing and controlling sudden volatile organic compound pollution incidents in soil. For example, patents CN 110607808, CN 113263805, and CN 211948583 invented an in-situ barrier roll material to prevent heavy metal pollution from spreading into groundwater, or to adsorb deep heavy metal ions by combining barrier blankets with plants (CN 109289810).

[0005] Therefore, developing efficient, rapid, and safe emergency barrier technologies is key to the development of pollution control technologies. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of this, this application provides a device for blocking sudden soil volatile substances. For sudden soil volatile organic compound pollution events, an in-situ barrier roll is developed, which, combined with specific adsorption and catalytic materials and a gas extraction and purification device, achieves complete removal of volatile organic compounds.

[0007] Specifically, this application is implemented through the following scheme:

[0008] A device for blocking sudden soil volatile substances includes a gas extraction mechanism, a first side filter pipe, a second side filter pipe, a first barrier layer, and a second barrier layer. The gas extraction mechanism is connected to the first and second side filter pipes respectively. The first barrier layer has a structure of non-woven geotextile-film-non-woven geotextile, and the second barrier layer has a structure of non-woven geotextile-filler layer-non-woven geotextile-filler layer-non-woven geotextile. The first barrier layer is located above the first and second side filter pipes, and the second barrier layer is located below the first and second side filter pipes. At least one of the first and second barrier layers is connected to the first and second side filter pipes, forming an uncovered cavity between the first and second barrier layers and the first and second side filter pipes. Each of the second and third side filter pipes has a gas guide hole corresponding to the cavity.

[0009] The aforementioned barrier device consists of two side filter pipes and two barrier layers as its main structure. The side filter pipes serve as supports and position the barrier layers. The portions with air guide holes form an uncovered cavity. The outer surfaces of the side filter pipes above and below the cavity are respectively covered with a first barrier layer consisting of two layers of cloth and one membrane, and a second barrier layer consisting of three layers of cloth and two layers of filler. When the device is placed on the soil, volatile substances in the soil are first pre-filtered and purified by the second barrier layer. The gas then enters the cavity and flows through the air guide holes into the side filter pipes. Because of the first barrier layer consisting of two layers of cloth and one membrane above the side filter pipes, the gas cannot diffuse upwards and can only collect within the side filter pipes, thus completing the centralized treatment of volatile substances in the soil.

[0010] Furthermore, as a preferred option:

[0011] The first and second side filter tubes are connected to the gas extraction mechanism via air guide tubes, allowing volatile substances to enter the first and second side filter tubes from the soil through the second barrier layer and air guide holes. More preferably, the air guide tubes are threaded to the first and second side filter tubes for easy disassembly and installation. The gas extraction mechanism also includes a pollutant detection mechanism and a pollutant purification mechanism, collecting volatile substances from the soil and purifying them in real time based on their concentration.

[0012] The filler layer is an activated carbon layer. Activated carbon is a common and convenient filter material. Distributing it between three layers of non-woven geotextile not only achieves alternating cloth filtration and activated carbon filtration, but also realizes five-layer filtration, resulting in stable and efficient performance.

[0013] The film is a plastic film, which can both block water vapor and block most volatile substances.

[0014] The first barrier layer begins at the inner side, bottom, or outer periphery of the first side filter tube and ends at the inner side, bottom, or outer periphery of the second side filter tube. The second barrier layer is connected between the beginning and end of the first barrier layer, such that the connection point of the first barrier layer and the second barrier layer is located between the first side filter tube and the second side filter tube, at the bottom of the first / second side filter tube, or at the outer periphery of the first / second side filter tube.

[0015] The cavity is further provided with multiple sets of auxiliary filter tubes, each with air guide holes. More preferably, the first and second side filter tubes have the same diameter and length as the auxiliary filter tubes. The first, second, and auxiliary filter tubes are provided with multiple sets of air guide holes, each set containing multiple holes.

[0016] The first barrier layer has a hook and loop fastener at at least one end, and the second barrier layer has a hook and loop fastener at at least one end, which facilitates the installation of the first barrier layer and the second barrier layer in different scenarios.

[0017] The filler layer is movably connected to the non-woven geotextile, allowing for easy replacement of the filler layer after a period of isolation.

[0018] During application, the roll material is transported to the contaminated site by transport vehicles for laying. The different rolls of the first and second barrier layers are combined with hook and loop fasteners on both sides of the rolls to form a complete barrier. After the contaminated area is completely covered with the roll material, the filter tubes (including side filter tube one, side filter tube two, and auxiliary filter tube) are connected to the gas extraction mechanism, pollutant detection mechanism, and pollutant purification mechanism through pipelines such as air guide pipes. During operation, the gas extraction mechanism, pollutant detection mechanism, and pollutant purification mechanism are activated. Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) undergo preliminary filtration and purification through the lower second barrier layer under the action of the gas extraction mechanism. The gas then enters the cavity. Due to the effect of the upper first barrier layer (two layers of cloth and one membrane), the gas has difficulty diffusing upwards. Under the action of the gas extraction mechanism, the gas enters the cavity through the air guide hole and collects in the filter tube. It then flows through the air guide tube → gas extraction mechanism → pollutant detection mechanism. The pollutant detection mechanism detects the pollutant concentration. Gases within the standard are directly discharged; gases exceeding the standard enter the pollutant purification mechanism for further in-situ purification treatment, achieving compliant emissions of VOCs. The control of VOC pollution at the site is completed when the pollutant concentration is found to be within the standard range by the pollutant detection mechanism.

[0019] The working principle and beneficial effects of this application are as follows:

[0020] (1) This application integrates with the filter tube to form a soil volatile organic compound barrier roll, the biggest advantage of which is the convenience of transportation and the high efficiency of application and laying, which is extremely advantageous in the face of sudden soil volatile organic compound pollution.

[0021] (2) The integrated structure of side filter tube one, side filter tube two, first barrier layer and second barrier layer, with matching gas extraction mechanism and corresponding pipe fittings, effectively prevents the leakage of volatile organic compounds.

[0022] (3) The case file can also be equipped with a VOCs detection and treatment facility, which can detect pollutants in the gas and completely remove any volatile organic compounds that may remain.

[0023] (4) In-situ treatment. The use of in-situ treatment technology makes the removal of pollutants more convenient, faster and safer.

[0024] (5) Reusable. The roll material provided in this case has a multi-layer structure, and the filling material can be replaced after the emergency treatment is completed, saving resources.

[0025] (6) Wide range of applications. This patent can be applied to contaminated sites of different sizes by setting up barrier layers of different specifications, and the two layers can be spliced ​​together by hook and loop fasteners to increase the usable area. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is the front view of this application;

[0027] Figure 2 This is a side view of this application;

[0028] Figure 3 This is a top view of this application;

[0029] Figure 4 for Figure 1 A magnified view of part A in the middle;

[0030] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the filter tube in this application;

[0031] Figure 6 This is a diagram showing the gas flow direction during the barrier process in this application;

[0032] Figure 7 This is another way to connect the first barrier layer and the second barrier layer in this application;

[0033] Figure 8 This is the third connection method between the first barrier layer and the second barrier layer in this application.

[0034] Numbered in the diagram: 1. Roll material; 11. Filter tube; 111. Air duct; 112. Side filter tube one; 113. Side filter tube two; 12. Cavity; 13. First barrier layer; 131. Non-woven geotextile one; 132. Film; 133. Non-woven geotextile two; 14. Second barrier layer; 141. Non-woven geotextile three; 142. Filler layer one; 143. Non-woven geotextile four; 144. Filler layer two; 145. Non-woven geotextile five; 2. Gas extraction mechanism; 21. Air duct; 3. Pollutant detection mechanism; 4. Pollutant purification mechanism; 5. Hook and loop fastener. Detailed Implementation Example 1

[0035] This embodiment describes a device for blocking sudden soil volatile substances, combined with... Figure 1 and Figure 4 It includes a filter tube 11, a first barrier layer 13, and a second barrier layer 14, combined with Figure 5 The filter tube 11 is provided with two sets: side filter tube one 112 and side filter tube two 113. A first barrier layer 13 is provided above the side filter tube one 112 and side filter tube two 113, and a second barrier layer 14 is provided below the side filter tube one 112 and side filter tube two 113. The structure of the first barrier layer 13 is non-woven geotextile-film-non-woven geotextile, that is: the inner side closest to the filter tube 11 is non-woven geotextile one 131, and the non-woven geotextile... Geotextile 131 is fixed to filter tube 11. From the first geotextile 131 outwards, there are film 132 and non-woven geotextile 133. The second barrier layer 14 is a non-woven geotextile-filler layer-non-woven geotextile-filler layer-non-woven geotextile structure, consisting of non-woven geotextile 141, filler layer 142, non-woven geotextile 143, filler layer 144, and non-woven geotextile 145 from bottom to top. A cavity 12 is formed between the first barrier layer 13, the second barrier layer 14, and the side filter tubes 112 and 113. The outer surface of the filter tube corresponding to the cavity 12 is unobstructed, and air guide holes 111 are provided at the locations of the filter tubes 11 and the corresponding cavities.

[0036] When the aforementioned roll material is placed on the soil, the volatile substances in the soil first pass through the second barrier layer 14 (non-woven geotextile layer 3 141 → filler layer 142 → non-woven geotextile layer 4 143 → filler layer 2 144 → non-woven geotextile layer 5 145) for preliminary filtration and purification. The volatile substances and air then reach the cavity 12 and enter the filter tube 11 through the air guide hole 111. Because the first barrier layer 13 (two fabrics and one membrane) is set above the filter tube 11 to isolate the cavity 12, the gas cannot continue to diffuse upward and can only collect in the filter tube 11, thus completing the centralized treatment of volatile substances in the soil and effectively blocking the escape of volatile substances.

[0037] In the above scheme, the natural volatilization efficiency of volatile substances is relatively slow. In order to improve the working efficiency, the filter tube 11 can be connected to the gas extraction mechanism 2 to assist the volatile substances to enter the filter tube 11 from the soil → second barrier layer 15 → air guide hole 111.

[0038] At this point, as an alternative, the gas extraction mechanism 2 can be connected to the filter tube 11 via the gas guide pipe 21. The gas guide pipe 21 and the filter tube 11 are connected by a threaded connection, which facilitates disassembly and installation.

[0039] During the collection process, combined with Figure 2 , 3 The gas extraction unit 2 is also equipped with a pollutant detection unit 3 and a pollutant purification unit 4. While collecting volatile substances in the soil, it decides whether to release them directly or activate the pollutant purification unit 4 for real-time purification based on the detected concentration of volatile substances.

[0040] In the above scheme, multiple sets of filter tubes 11 can be set. In addition to the side filter tubes 112 and 113 at both ends, filter tubes 3, 4, etc., can be set between them. The first barrier layer 13 is located above the multiple sets of filter tubes 11, and the second barrier layer 14 is located below the multiple sets of filter tubes 11. The multiple sets of filter tubes 11 can be arranged at different locations in the soil, which facilitates the comprehensive and simultaneous collection and purification of the soil when volatile pollutants are released over a large area, thus improving work efficiency. Each filter tube 11 can use a pipe with the same diameter and length for easy storage.

[0041] In the above scheme, combined with Figure 5 The filter tube 11 is provided with multiple sets of air guide holes 111, and each set of air guide holes 111 contains multiple holes.

[0042] In the above scheme, both packing layer 142 and packing layer 144 can be made of activated carbon. Activated carbon is a common and convenient filter material. Distributing it between the three layers of non-woven geotextile not only achieves alternating cloth filtration and activated carbon filtration, but also realizes five-layer filtration, resulting in stable and efficient performance. Packing layers 142 and 144 are installed in a detachable manner between the non-woven geotextiles. When volatile substances are cleared to a certain extent, the used packing layer can be removed and replaced with a new one.

[0043] The film 132 can be made of plastic film, which can both block water vapor and block most volatile substances.

[0044] The above-described roll material consists of filter tubes 11 with the same diameter and length at both ends and barrier layers of different materials. Air guide holes 111 are provided at the contact points between the filter tubes 11 and the cavity 12. Except for the outer surface of the filter tubes 11 in contact with the cavity 12, which is not covered with a barrier layer, the remaining surfaces are covered with a first barrier layer 13 and a second barrier layer 14. The upper and lower layers of the cavity 12 are composed of different barrier layers. The upper layer is the first barrier layer 13, consisting of two fabric layers and one film layer, from the inside out: nonwoven geotextile 131, film 132, and nonwoven geotextile 2 133. The lower layer is the second barrier layer 14, from top to bottom: nonwoven geotextile 3 145, filler layer 2 144, nonwoven geotextile 4 143, filler layer 1 142, and nonwoven geotextile 3 141.

[0045] This case study primarily focuses on roll materials, combined with... Figure 6 Under the action of the gas extraction mechanism 2, volatile organic compounds undergo preliminary filtration and purification along the direction of the arrow by passing through the lower barrier material non-woven geotextile layer-activated carbon layer-non-woven fabric layer-activated carbon layer-non-woven fabric layer. After the gas enters the cavity 12, due to the action of the two fabrics and one membrane on the upper surface, the gas is difficult to diffuse upward. Under the action of the gas extraction mechanism 2, the gas from the cavity 12 passes through the air guide hole 111 and gathers in the filter tube 11 before entering the pollutant detection mechanism 3. The pollutant detection mechanism 3 detects the pollutant concentration. Gases that do not exceed the standard are directly discharged, while gases that exceed the standard enter the pollutant purification mechanism 4 for further in-situ purification treatment, so as to achieve the standard emission of volatile organic pollutants.

[0046] In practical applications, the roll material is transported to the contaminated site by transport vehicles for laying. Different rolls can be combined using hook and loop fasteners 5 (such as Velcro) on both sides of the roll to form a barrier. After the contaminated area is completely covered with the roll material, it is connected to a gas extraction mechanism 2, a pollutant detection mechanism 3, and a pollutant purification mechanism 4 via pipelines. During operation, the gas extraction mechanism 2, the pollutant detection mechanism 3, and the pollutant purification mechanism 4 are activated until the pollutant concentration detected by the pollutant detection mechanism meets the standard, thus completing the barrier control of the volatile organic pollutant contaminated site. Example 2

[0047] This embodiment is the same as the one in embodiment 1, except that the filter tube 11 also includes multiple sets of auxiliary filter tubes. The auxiliary filter tubes are located in the cavity 12, and are also provided with air guide holes and connected to the gas extraction mechanism 2.

[0048] Side filter tube 112 and side filter tube 213 have the same diameter and length as the auxiliary filter tube.

[0049] The air guide hole 111 can be set in multiple groups, and each group of air guide holes contains multiple holes. Example 3

[0050] This embodiment has the same setup as Embodiment 1, the difference being: [combination of...] Figure 1 and Figure 4 The first barrier layer 13 and the second barrier layer 14 are connected to form a closed loop. The connection point is located between the first side filter tube 112 and the second side filter tube 113. The first barrier layer 13 starts from the inner side of the first side filter tube 112, covers the outer periphery of the first side filter tube 112, passes above the first side filter tube 112 and above the second side filter tube 113, then goes around the outer periphery and bottom of the second side filter tube 113, and ends at the inner side of the second side filter tube 113. The second barrier layer 14 is located between the beginning and end of the first barrier layer 13. A cavity 12 is formed between the first barrier layer 13, the second barrier layer 14, the first side filter tube 112, and the second side filter tube 113. The air guide hole 111 is located on the first side filter tube 112 and the second side filter tube 113 corresponding to the cavity 12. Volatile substances escape from the soil, enter the cavity 12 through the second barrier layer 14, and then enter the first side filter tube 112 and the second side filter tube 113 through the air guide hole 111.

[0051] The above installation method allows the first barrier layer 13 to be coaxially wrapped around the side filter tube 112 and the second side filter tube 113, and then the second barrier layer 14 is connected with hook and loop fasteners 5. Example 4

[0052] This embodiment has the same setup as Embodiment 1, the difference being: [combination of...] Figure 7 The first barrier layer 13 and the second barrier layer 14 are connected to form a closed loop. The two ends of the second barrier layer 14 are tangent to the first side filter tube 112 and the second side filter tube 113, respectively. The first barrier layer 13 starts from the lower side of the first side filter tube 112, covers the outer periphery of the first side filter tube 112, passes above the first side filter tube 112 and above the second side filter tube 113, then goes around the outer periphery of the second side filter tube 113 and ends at the bottom of the second side filter tube 113. The second barrier layer 14 is located between the beginning and end of the first barrier layer 13. A cavity 12 is formed between the first barrier layer 13, the second barrier layer 14, the first side filter tube 112, and the second side filter tube 113. The air guide hole 111 is located on the first side filter tube 112 and the second side filter tube 113 corresponding to the cavity 12. Volatile substances escape from the soil, enter the cavity 12 through the second barrier layer 14, and then enter the first side filter tube 112 and the second side filter tube 113 through the air guide hole 111.

[0053] The second barrier layer 14 is tangent to the first side filter tube 112 and the second side filter tube 113 to ensure a tight seal and prevent leakage. Example 5

[0054] This embodiment has the same setup as Embodiment 1, the difference being: [combination of...] Figure 8The two ends of the second barrier layer 14 are located at the bottom of the first side filter pipe 112 and the second side filter pipe 113, respectively, while the first barrier layer 13 is connected to the outer end of the first barrier layer 14 and covers the top of the first side filter pipe 112 and the second side filter pipe 113. The non-woven geotextile 141 of the second barrier layer 14 is close to the first side filter pipe 112 and the second side filter pipe 113. A relatively large cavity 12 is formed between the first barrier layer 13, the second barrier layer 14, the first side filter pipe 112 and the second side filter pipe 113. The air guide holes 111 are located on the first side filter pipe 112 and the second side filter pipe 113 corresponding to the cavity 12. The air guide holes 111 can be distributed more extensively on the filter pipes 11. Volatile substances escape from the soil, enter the cavity 12 through the second barrier layer 14, and then enter the first side filter pipe 112 and the second side filter pipe 113 through the air guide holes 111.

Claims

1. A device for blocking sudden soil volatile substances, characterized in that: It includes a first side filter tube, a second side filter tube, a first barrier layer, a second barrier layer, and a gas extraction mechanism. The first and second side filter tubes are respectively connected to the gas extraction mechanism. The first barrier layer structure is non-woven geotextile-film-non-woven geotextile, and the first barrier layer is located above the first side filter pipe and the second side filter pipe. The second barrier layer consists of a non-woven geotextile layer, a filler layer, another non-woven geotextile layer, another filler layer, and another non-woven geotextile layer. This second barrier layer is located below side filter pipe one and side filter pipe two. Furthermore, at least one of the first barrier layer and the second barrier layer is connected to the first side filter pipe and the second side filter pipe, and an uncovered cavity is formed between the first barrier layer, the second barrier layer and the first side filter pipe and the second side filter pipe. Air guide holes are provided on the first side filter pipe and the second side filter pipe corresponding to the cavity. A gas extraction tube is provided between the gas extraction mechanism and the side filter tube 1 and the side filter tube 2. Volatile substances are assisted to enter the side filter tube 1 and the side filter tube 2 from the soil → the second barrier layer → the gas vent, and then enter the gas extraction mechanism through the side filter tube 1 and the side filter tube 2 via the gas extraction tube. The gas extraction mechanism is also equipped with a pollutant detection mechanism and a pollutant purification mechanism; The filler layer is an activated carbon layer.

2. The device for blocking sudden soil volatile substances according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air guide tube is threadedly connected to the first and second side filter tubes.

3. The device for blocking sudden soil volatile substances according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cavity is also equipped with multiple sets of auxiliary filter tubes, each with an air guide hole.

4. The device for blocking sudden soil volatile substances according to claim 3, characterized in that: The side filter tube one and the side filter tube two have the same diameter and the same length as the auxiliary filter tube.

5. The device for blocking sudden soil volatile substances according to claim 1, characterized in that: The filler layer is movably connected to the non-woven geotextile.

6. A device for blocking sudden soil volatile substances according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The first barrier layer begins at the inner side, bottom or outer periphery of the first side filter tube and ends at the inner side, bottom or outer periphery of the second side filter tube. The second barrier layer is connected between the beginning and end of the first barrier layer.

7. A device for blocking sudden soil volatile substances according to claim 6, characterized in that: The first barrier layer has a hook and loop fastener at at least one end, and the second barrier layer has a hook and loop fastener at at least one end.

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