A herbicide for preventing and controlling weeds in quinoa fields and its application

Abstract

The present invention discloses a herbicide for controlling weeds in quinoa fields and its application, belonging to the technical field of pesticides. The herbicide of the present invention comprises trimethoprim-butyl and trimethosulfuron as active ingredients; the mass ratio of trimethoprim-butyl to trimethosulfuron is 5:1 to 60:1. The herbicide of the present invention is highly safe for quinoa and does not cause phytotoxicity. The combination of trimethoprim-butyl and trimethosulfuron exhibits a significant synergistic effect, exhibiting a significant combined synergistic effect against common weeds in quinoa fields. The herbicidal composition of the present invention expands the weed control spectrum and has excellent control effects against common weeds in quinoa fields.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of pesticides, and in particular to a herbicide for preventing and controlling weeds in quinoa fields and an application thereof. Background Art

[0002] Quinoa, native to the Andes Mountains of South America, was a traditional staple of the Inca peoples, with a history of over 5,000 to 7,000 years of cultivation. Quinoa is the only food recognized by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) as a single plant that can meet the basic nutritional needs of the human body. Its protein content is as high as 16% to 22%, comparable in quality to milk powder and meat. It is rich in various amino acids, including the nine essential amino acids, in appropriate proportions and easily absorbed. It is also rich in minerals, vitamins, dietary fiber, special chemical compounds, and bioactive substances. Consequently, it has been dubbed "nutritional gold," "super grain," "food of the future," and "king of vegetarians." In addition to its outstanding nutritional value, quinoa is also resistant to cold, drought, barrenness, and salinity, making it crucial for the sustainable development of agricultural ecosystems. my country, which imported and adapted quinoa from abroad in the 1980s, has developed into the largest quinoa-growing country outside its country of origin over the past 30 years, and its average quinoa yield exceeds the global average. Currently, global research on quinoa is mostly limited to variety breeding, but there is a lack of research on weed control technology in quinoa fields.

[0003] Tralkoxydim, commonly known as tralkoxydim and chemically named 2-(1-(ethoxyimino)propyl)-5-(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)-2-propionyl-3-hydroxy-2-cyclohexen-1-one, belongs to the cyclohexenone class of herbicides and is a highly selective, systemic, foliar treatment. Its mechanism of action is to inhibit acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACCase) in plants, hindering fatty acid biosynthesis. This inhibits cell division, disrupting normal weed growth and causing weed death. It has a strong killing effect on grass weeds and is safe for dicotyledonous crops. It is currently primarily used in wheat and barley fields to control grass weeds such as wild oats, bromegrass, sedge grass, hard grass, foxtail grass, bluegrass, sedge grass, multiflora ryegrass, foxtail grass, and Japanese foxtail grass. Currently, no studies have been reported on the use of tralkoxydim for weed control in quinoa fields.

[0004] Triflusulfuron, commonly known as triflusulfuron-methyl and chemically known as 3-(4-dimethylamino-6-(2,2,2-trifluoroethoxy)-1,3,5-triazine-2-carbamoylaminoxanthoyl)-m-methylbenzoate, belongs to the sulfonylurea class of herbicides and is a highly effective and selective systemic foliar treatment. Its mechanism of action is to inhibit acetolactate synthase (ALS) in plants, hindering the biosynthesis of side-chain amino acids such as valine, leucine, and isoleucine. This inhibits cell division, arresting the cell cycle in the G1 and G2 phases, disrupting normal weed growth and causing weed death. It is effective against most broadleaf weeds and some grass weeds. It is currently primarily used to control broadleaf weeds in sugar beet fields. There are currently no reports on triflusulfuron's effectiveness in controlling weeds in quinoa fields.

[0005] At present, chemical weed control is the most economical and effective means of weed control in farmland. However, most of the registered herbicides are very likely to cause phytotoxicity to quinoa, resulting in a decrease in quinoa yield and quality, which in turn restricts the industrialization and large-scale development of quinoa. Therefore, it is urgent to carry out research on chemical weed control in quinoa fields. How to provide a herbicide product that is safe and reliable for quinoa, has good weed control effects, has low control costs, and is easy to promote and use is a production practice problem that urgently needs to be solved in quinoa cultivation. There are currently no reports on herbicide compositions containing trimethylol and flufenac, and there are no research reports on the application of trimethylol and flufenac in quinoa field weed control. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The present invention provides a herbicide for preventing and controlling weeds in a quinoa field and application thereof. The herbicide realizes safe and efficient weed prevention and control in a quinoa field after emergence.

[0007] The invention first provides a herbicide, the active ingredients of which are trimethylol and trimethoprim-methyl.

[0008] In the above-mentioned herbicide, the mass ratio of trimethylol to flusulfuron is 5:1 to 60:1.

[0009] The mass ratio of trimethylol to flusulfuron can be specifically 5:1 to 50:1; more specifically, it can be 5:1, 7:1, 7.5:1, 9:1, 10:1, 15:1, 16.7:1, 25:1, 27:1, 30:1 or 50:1.

[0010] The above-mentioned herbicides were used on quinoa fields.

[0011] The herbicide is a wettable powder, a water-dispersible granule, an emulsifiable concentrate or a dispersible oil suspension.

[0012] When the herbicide is a dispersible oil suspension, the herbicide further comprises an emulsifier, a wetting agent, a dispersant, a structural stabilizer, a stabilizer, a cosolvent and methyl oleate; specifically, the emulsifier is calcium dodecylbenzenesulfonate; the wetting agent is fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether; the dispersant is sodium lignin sulfonate; the structural stabilizer is organic bentonite; the stabilizer is an aqueous solution of ethanolamine; and the cosolvent is N-methylpyrrolidone;

[0013] When the herbicide is a wettable powder, the herbicide further comprises a wetting agent, a dispersant, a carrier and diatomaceous earth; specifically, the wetting agent is sodium butyl naphthalene sulfonate; the dispersant is calcium lignin sulfonate; and the carrier is white carbon black;

[0014] When the herbicide is a water-dispersible granule, the herbicide further comprises a penetrant, an emulsifier, a dispersant, a binder, a wetting agent, a disintegrant and kaolin; specifically, the penetrant is fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether; the emulsifier is alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether; the dispersant is sodium salt of alkylnaphthalene sulfonate formaldehyde condensate; the binder is methylcellulose; the wetting agent is sodium chloride; and the disintegrant is ammonium sulfate;

[0015] When the herbicide is an emulsifiable concentrate, the herbicide further comprises an emulsifier, a stabilizer, a cosolvent and a solvent; specifically, the emulsifier is calcium dodecylbenzenesulfonate; the stabilizer is epoxidized soybean oil; the cosolvent is N-methylpyrrolidone; and the solvent is industrial corn oil.

[0016] In the above-mentioned herbicide, the mass of trimethylol and flumethalin accounts for 10% to 90% of the total mass of the herbicide.

[0017] The present invention also provides application of the above-mentioned herbicide in controlling weeds in fields.

[0018] In the above application, the herbicide is used to control weeds in quinoa fields.

[0019] In the above application, the weeds are at least one of Chenopodium album, Amaranthus retroflexus, Setaria viridis and Wild Oats.

[0020] Finally, the present invention provides a method for controlling weeds in quinoa fields, comprising the following steps:

[0021] Dilute the above herbicide with water and then spray it on the field when quinoa is in the 3-5 leaf stage.

[0022] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0023] 1) The herbicidal composition of the present invention is highly safe to quinoa and has no phytotoxicity;

[0024] 2) The combination of trimethoprim-butyl and trimethoprim-methyl has a significant synergistic effect on common weeds in quinoa fields;

[0025] 3) The herbicidal composition of the present invention expands the weed control spectrum and has excellent control effects on common weeds in quinoa fields;

[0026] 4) The herbicidal composition of the present invention has low control cost and is easy to promote and use. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments. The examples given are only for illustrating the present invention, not for limiting the scope of the present invention.

[0028] The experimental methods in the following examples are conventional methods unless otherwise specified.

[0029] Unless otherwise specified, the materials and reagents used in the following examples can be obtained from commercial sources.

[0030] The test agents used in the following Examples 1 to 8 were commercially available 95% trimethoprim-butyl technical and 95% flumethosulfuron technical.

[0031] Example 1: 12% trimethylol-trisulfuron dispersible oil suspension concentrate (5:1)

[0032] In the herbicide of this embodiment, the mass percentage of each component is: trimethylol 10%, flusulfuron 2%, calcium dodecylbenzenesulfonate (emulsifier) ​​1.5%, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether (wetting agent) 2.0%, sodium lignin sulfonate (dispersant) 1.5%, organic bentonite (structure stabilizer) 1.2%, 50wt% ethanolamine aqueous solution (stabilizer) 1.0%, N-methylpyrrolidone (solvent) 2.5%, and methyl oleate is supplemented to 100%.

[0033] The preparation method is as follows: trimethylol, flumethalin, a wetting agent, a cosolvent, an emulsifier, a dispersant, a stabilizer, a structural stabilizer and methyl oleate are weighed and mixed according to a proportion, dispersed for 35 minutes at a high-speed shearing machine at a speed of 2200 r / min, and sand-milled for 30 minutes at a speed of 1000 r / min on a sand mill to obtain a dispersible oil suspension. According to product quality control indicators, the finished product is qualified after inspection.

[0034] Example 2: 20% trimethylol-trisulfuron dispersible oil suspension (9:1)

[0035] In the herbicide of this embodiment, the mass percentage of each component is: trimethylol 18%, flusulfuron 2%, calcium dodecylbenzenesulfonate (emulsifier) ​​2.5%, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether (wetting agent) 3.2%, sodium lignin sulfonate (dispersant) 1.8%, organic bentonite (structure stabilizer) 1.8%, 50wt% ethanolamine aqueous solution (stabilizer) 1.4%, N-methylpyrrolidone (solvent) 3.7%, and methyl oleate is supplemented to 100%.

[0036] The preparation method is the same as that in Example 1.

[0037] Example 3, 24% trimethoprim-butyl·trimethoprim-butyl wettable powder (7:1)

[0038] The herbicide of the present invention comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 21% of trimethylol, 3% of flusulfuron-methyl, 5.2% of sodium butylnaphthalenesulfonate (wetting agent), 10.5% of calcium ligninsulfonate (dispersant), 7.4% of white carbon black (carrier), and diatomaceous earth making up to 100%.

[0039] The preparation method is as follows: weigh the above components according to the proportion and mix them, and then grind and mix them evenly with a jet mill to obtain a wettable powder. According to the product quality control indicators, the finished product is qualified after inspection.

[0040] Example 4: 33% trimethoprim-sodium·trimethoprim-sodium wettable powder (10:1)

[0041] In the herbicide of this embodiment, the mass percentage of each component is: trimethylol 30%, flusulfuron 3%, sodium butylnaphthalene sulfonate (wetting agent) 10.4%, calcium lignin sulfonate (dispersant) 14.5%, white carbon black (carrier) 12.6%, and diatomaceous earth is supplemented to 100%.

[0042] The preparation method is the same as that of Example 3.

[0043] Example 5, 42% trimethylol-trisulfuron water dispersible granules (20:1)

[0044] In the herbicide of this embodiment, the mass percentage of each component is: trimethylol 40%, flusulfuron 2%, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether (penetrant) 5.2%, alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether (emulsifier) ​​2.7%, alkylnaphthalene sulfonate formaldehyde condensate sodium salt (dispersant) 4.3%, methylcellulose (binder) 3.1%, sodium chloride (wetting agent) 3.5%, ammonium sulfate (disintegrating agent) 9.2%, and kaolin is supplemented to 100%.

[0045] The preparation method is as follows: Mesmesulfuron, trimethoprim-butyl, a wetting agent, a dispersant, a penetrant, an emulsifier, a disintegrant, and kaolin are weighed in appropriate proportions and mixed. The mixture is pulverized into an ultrafine powder using an ultrafine airflow mill and added to a fluidized bed granulator. Granulation and drying are performed in the fluidized bed granulator at 40-60°C using a 15% aqueous solution containing a binder. After sieving, water-dispersible granules are obtained. The finished product is qualified according to product quality control indicators.

[0046] Example 6, 56% trimethylol-trisulfuron water dispersible granules (27:1)

[0047] In the herbicide of this embodiment, the mass percentage of each component is: trimethylol 54%, flusulfuron 2%, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether (penetrant) 6.0%, alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether (emulsifier) ​​3.5%, alkylnaphthalene sulfonate formaldehyde condensate sodium salt (dispersant) 5.2%, methylcellulose (binder) 3.7%, sodium chloride (wetting agent) 3.9%, ammonium sulfate (disintegrating agent) 9.7%, and kaolin is supplemented to 100%.

[0048] The preparation method is the same as that of Example 5.

[0049] Example 7, 52% trimethylol-trisulfuron emulsifiable concentrate (25:1)

[0050] In the herbicide of this embodiment, the mass percentage of each component is: trimethylol 50%, flusulfuron 2%, calcium dodecylbenzenesulfonate (emulsifier) ​​5.8%, epoxidized soybean oil (stabilizer) 2.5%, N-methylpyrrolidone (solvent) 4.1%, and industrial corn oil is supplemented to 100%.

[0051] The preparation method is as follows: trimethylol, flumethalin and cosolvent are weighed in proportion and dissolved in a reactor, and then an emulsifier, a stabilizer and a solvent are added. After stirring evenly, the mixture is filtered through a filter (to remove insoluble impurities) to obtain an emulsifiable concentrate. According to the product quality control indicators, the finished product is qualified after inspection.

[0052] Example 8, 64% trimethylol-trisulfuron emulsifiable concentrate (15:1)

[0053] In the herbicide of this embodiment, the mass percentage of each component is: trimethylol 60%, flusulfuron 4%, calcium dodecylbenzenesulfonate (emulsifier) ​​6.4%, epoxidized soybean oil (stabilizer) 3.1%, N-methylpyrrolidone (cosolvent) 4.5%, and industrial corn oil (solvent) is supplemented to 100%.

[0054] The preparation method is the same as that of Example 7.

[0055] Example 9, performance test

[0056] 1. Indoor efficacy test

[0057] 1. Purpose of the study

[0058] The combined effect of trimethoprim-butyl and flumethosulfuron was determined by indoor bioassay.

[0059] 2. Materials and Methods

[0060] The indoor efficacy test was carried out in an artificial light culture room of the Institute of Cereals and Oils Crops of Hebei Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences according to the Gowing method in "NY / T1155.7-2006 Pesticide Indoor Bioassay Test Guidelines Herbicides Part 7: Determination of Combined Effects of Mixtures".

[0061] The target weeds selected were Chenopodium album L., Amaranthus retroflexus L., Setaria viridis L. and Avena fatua L., which are common in quinoa fields in Guyuan County, and their germination rates were all greater than 90%.

[0062] The test agents were commercially available 95% trimethylol technical and 95% flumethalin technical.

[0063] Water the flower pot (10×10 cm) in advance. After the nutrient soil in the flower pot absorbs enough water, sow the above four weed seeds evenly on the soil surface, then cover the soil with a sieve with about 0.5 cm of soil. When the weeds grow to 2 leaves, remove them and keep 10 weeds in each pot.

[0064] The original drug was accurately weighed using a 1 / 10,000 electronic balance, 1 mL of N-methylpyrrolidone was added to the original drug until it was completely dissolved, and finally the volume was fixed with a 0.1% mass fraction Tween 80 aqueous solution. The above four weeds were sprayed on the stems and leaves using a 3WP-2000 walking spray tower, and each treatment was repeated 4 times.

[0065] The synergistic effect of the mixture was evaluated using the Gowing method. The fresh weight of the aboveground weeds was measured 21 days after application. The calculation was: E (actual control efficacy of the composition in %) = (fresh weight of the blank control - fresh weight of the treatment) × 100% ÷ fresh weight of the blank control; E0 (theoretical control efficacy in %) = E1 + E2 × (100 - E1) ÷ 100, where E1 and E2 are the actual control efficacy of trimethoprim-methyl and flufenacil at corresponding doses. When E - E0 < -10%, the components of the composition exhibit antagonistic effects; when -10% ≤ E - E0 ≤ 10%, the components exhibit additive effects; and when E - E0 > 10%, the components exhibit synergistic effects.

[0066] Table 1 Dosage table for indoor combined action of trimethoprim-butyl and trimethoprim-butyl (g / hm2) 2 )

[0067]

[0068] The test results show that the control effect of trimethylol on quinoa is 9.8% to 16.4%, the control effect on Amaranthus retroflexus is 12.7% to 20.4%, the control effect on Setaria viridis is 41.2% to 84.5%, and the control effect on wild oats is 46.7% to 87.5%; the control effect of flusulfuron on quinoa is 56.2% to 78.5%, the control effect on Amaranthus retroflexus is 52.4% to 75.6%, the control effect on Setaria viridis is 5.6% to 9.1%, and the control effect on wild oats is 4.2% to 7.9% (Table 1).

[0069] When trimethoprim-butyl and trimethoprim-butyl were mixed in a certain ratio, their control efficacy against four weeds was significantly improved. Combined action assays showed that the actual control efficacy of trimethoprim-butyl and trimethoprim-butyl against quinoa, Amaranthus retroflexus, Setaria viridis, and wild oats reached 72.4% to 98.6%, 70.1% to 100%, 57.9% to 97.9%, and 64.5% to 99.7%, respectively. This significantly enhanced the control efficacy of trimethoprim-butyl and trimethoprim-butyl against the four weeds, and also demonstrated good control efficacy against less sensitive weeds, broadening the weed control spectrum. The combined efficacy was greater than 10%, indicating a synergistic effect (Table 1).

[0070] 2. Trimethoprim-butyl and trimethoprim-butyl weed control and safety test in quinoa fields

[0071] The herbicides prepared in Examples 2, 4, 6, and 8 were used in this test; the control agents were commercially available 40 wt% trimethylol water-dispersible granules (Jiangsu Agricultural Hormone Engineering Technology Research Center Co., Ltd.) and 50 wt% flumethalin water-dispersible granules (Jiangsu Agricultural Hormone Engineering Technology Research Center Co., Ltd.); the quinoa variety was "Yanli No. 1", and the test site was Shitoukeng Village, Guyuan County, Hebei Province.

[0072] Before planting quinoa, clean the land, plow and harrow deeply to a depth of 20 cm, tamp the soil, level it to retain moisture, and cover with black mulch. Quinoa should be sown spot-seeded at a depth of 2 cm, with row spacing of 35 cm and plant spacing of 20 cm. A seeding rate of 0.3 kg / mu should be applied. Before sowing, apply 60 kg / mu of the Woltian compound fertilizer (Zinc Humic Acid (N-P2O5-K2O 18-18-18)). When the quinoa seedlings have 8 to 9 true leaves, apply 15 kg / mu of urea. Mix 4 kg / mu of 15% Duxin Granules with the base fertilizer to control underground pests. After the quinoa seedlings emerge, spray 8 mL / mu of 25% Thiamethoxam Emulsifiable Concentrate, 30 mL / mu of 4.5% Bifenthrin Emulsion in Water, and 30 mL / mu of 20% Acetamiprid Liquid Solution to control aboveground pests. 75% chlorothalonil wettable powder 500 times diluted, 69% ethylenediamine·mancozeb wettable powder 800 times diluted and 12.5% ​​diniconazole wettable powder 3000 times diluted were sprayed to control downy mildew and leaf spot. The average weed density in the blank control area of ​​the experimental field was 67 plants / m 2 Among them, quinoa accounted for 34.9%, Amaranthus retroflexus accounted for 20.3%, Setaria viridis accounted for 15.6%, and wild oats accounted for 27.7%. The weed density and distribution in the experimental treatment area were uniform and consistent with those of the blank control.

[0073] The field test was conducted when quinoa was at the 3-5 leaf stage and weeds were at the 2-5 leaf stage. The spray volume was 40 L / mu. The spraying equipment was the HD400 backpack sprayer produced by Singapore Linong Pte Ltd., with a fan-shaped nozzle. A total of 6 drug treatments were set up in the quinoa field, as well as a blank control treatment and manual weeding treatment. Each treatment area was 20 m 2 The experiments were repeated three times and arranged in random blocks. The drugs and dosages of each treatment are shown in Table 2.

[0074] Measure 1m2 per treatment 21 days after application 2 The fresh weight of the aboveground parts of weeds was used to calculate the fresh weight control effect of the pesticide on weeds. The calculation formula was: weed fresh weight control effect (%) = (fresh weight of weeds in the control area - fresh weight of weeds in the treatment area) × 100% / fresh weight of weeds in the control area.

[0075] Yield measurement is carried out in each plot when quinoa is harvested.

[0076] Table 2 Herbicide control effect on weeds in quinoa fields

[0077]

[0078] The test results show that 20% trimethylol·trimethoprim-butyl dispersible oil suspension, 33% trimethylol·trimethoprim-butyl wettable powder, 56% trimethylol·trimethoprim-butyl water dispersible granules, 64% trimethylol·trimethoprim-butyl emulsifiable concentrate (Examples 2, 4, 6, 8) 270g / hm 2The treatment had an excellent control effect on weeds in quinoa fields. The total fresh weight control efficiency of weeds was above 90% 21 days after application, which was significantly better than that of trimethylol and flumethalin alone (Table 2).

[0079] Table 3 Effects of herbicides on quinoa yield

[0080]

[0081] After treatment with trimethylol-fluanidazole, quinoa grew and looked normal, with no symptoms of pesticide damage. The yield measurement results at harvest showed that it was significantly better than the control agent and blank control treatments, and had no significant difference from manual weeding treatment (Table 3).

Claims

1. A herbicide, the active ingredients of which are trimethoprim-butyl and trimethosulfuron; The mass ratio of trimethylol to flusulfuron is 5:1 to 50:

1.

2. The herbicide according to claim 1, characterized in that: The herbicide is a wettable powder, a water-dispersible granule, an emulsifiable concentrate or a dispersible oil suspension.

3. The herbicide according to claim 2, characterized in that: The mass of the trimethylol-ethyl and flumethalin accounts for 10% to 90% of the total mass of the herbicide.

4. Use of the herbicide according to any one of claims 1 to 3 in controlling weeds in fields.

5. The use according to claim 4, characterized in that: Application of the herbicide in controlling weeds in quinoa fields.

6. The use according to claim 5, characterized in that: The weeds are at least one of quinoa, amaranth, foxtail grass and wild oats.

7. A method for controlling weeds in a quinoa field, comprising the following steps: The herbicide according to any one of claims 1 to 3 is diluted with water and then sprayed on a field of quinoa at the 3-5 leaf stage.

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