Method for preparing organic fertilizer from livestock and poultry manure

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for preparing an organic fertilizer from livestock and poultry manure, which comprises the following steps: mixing cow dung and plant ash, pig manure and edible mushroom waste, chicken manure and vegetable waste, and duck manure and corn bran or mushroom stick residue, inoculating a corresponding mixed inoculant, fermenting and decomposing by using a trough type aerobic fermentation process, crushing, and screening to obtain the organic fertilizer. The cow dung bio-organic fertilizer, the pig manure bio-organic fertilizer, the chicken manure bio-organic fertilizer and the duck manure bio-organic fertilizer are obtained. According to the invention, rapid decomposition in 28 days in winter and 18 days in summer can be realized, meanwhile, the decomposition degree is remarkably improved, the killing rate of harmful germs reaches 98.93%, the humus content is greater than or equal to 58%, and the product is rich in microbial beneficial bacteria, rich in organic matters, mild in fertilizer efficiency and free of root burning.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a method for preparing organic fertilizer by utilizing livestock and poultry excrement, and belongs to the technical field of agricultural breeding. Background Art

[0002] my country is a major livestock and poultry breeding country. In 2023, the national pig output was 726.62 million, a year-on-year increase of 3.8%; the national beef cattle output was 50.23 million, an increase of 3.8% over the previous year. While growing, the output of livestock and poultry manure has also gradually increased. my country's livestock and poultry manure mainly comes from pigs and cattle. The annual production of pig manure is about 1.8 billion tons, accounting for 47% of the total; the annual production of cattle manure is about 1.4 billion tons, accounting for 37% of the total, including 400 million tons of dairy cows and 1 billion tons of beef cattle. Livestock and poultry manure has become an important item in agricultural non-point source pollution that cannot be ignored. Livestock and poultry manure includes livestock and poultry manure, urine, and wastewater and waste generated during the breeding process. These manures contain a large amount of organic matter, total phosphorus, total nitrogen and other substances and a variety of metal elements such as K, Cu, Zn, Cr, Ni, Hg, etc. They are not only valuable resources for improving soil fertility, but also raw materials for industrial material development and synthesis. Because these manures contain a large amount of microbial pathogens, organic matter, and elements such as N and P, they are not digested and absorbed by the body and are discharged without treatment, which not only pollutes the environment and wastes resources, but also increases the mortality rate of livestock and poultry, and even poses a threat to people's health and life.

[0003] Fermenting livestock and poultry manure into organic fertilizer is an effective way to treat livestock and poultry manure, but the current fermentation technology of livestock and poultry manure has the disadvantages of long fermentation time and incomplete composting. The industry's rapid composting technology usually takes 7 to 20 days, but the composting effect is still insufficient. The killing rate of harmful bacteria is only 91.38%, and the decomposition of organic matter is not complete. The organic fertilizer produced is easy to burn the roots and has low fertilizer efficiency. Summary of the invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method for preparing organic fertilizer using livestock and poultry manure, which can achieve efficient decomposition and greatly improve the killing rate of harmful bacteria. The obtained fertilizer is rich in organic matter, mild in fertilizer effect, and does not burn roots, thereby solving the shortcomings of the above-mentioned prior art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions:

[0006] A method for preparing organic fertilizer using livestock and poultry manure, the method comprising: mixing cow dung with wood ash, pig dung with edible fungus waste, chicken dung with vegetable waste, duck dung with corn husk or mushroom stick residue, inoculating corresponding mixed bacterial agents, and then using a trough aerobic fermentation process to ferment, decompose, crush and screen to obtain cow dung bio-organic fertilizer, pig dung bio-organic fertilizer, chicken dung bio-organic fertilizer and duck dung bio-organic fertilizer.

[0007] As a preferred method, the method for preparing the cow dung bio-organic fertilizer comprises the following steps:

[0008] (1) Material pretreatment: Cow dung is used as raw material, and wood ash is sprinkled into the cow dung. The cow dung and wood ash are mixed in a ratio of 8:1. After the moisture content of the cow dung is reduced to 50% to 55%, it is transported to the composting fermentation area by a dumper and stirred by a compost turner at a stirring speed of 0.8 to 1 m / min.

[0009] (2) Fermentation treatment: Bacillus, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and Trichoderma harzianum are mixed in a ratio of 1:1:1:1 to obtain a mixed bacterial agent No. 229; the cow dung is turned and stirred, aerated, and the material is moved in the same direction, and 0.013% of the mixed bacterial agent No. 229 is added per ton of cow dung to ferment the cow dung, and the raw materials are turned over 1 to 2 times; the first fermentation cycle is about 11 days, and after the fermentation is completed, the moisture content of the pile is reduced to 36.7% to 39.6%; the fermented fermentation pile is crushed and then enters a secondary fermentation and decomposition, and the secondary fermentation cycle is about 6 days, and the moisture content of the pile is reduced to 27.4% to 29.7%. On the 4th day, the pile is turned over once using a turning machine;

[0010] (3) Batching and crushing: adding nitrogen fertilizer, phosphorus fertilizer and potassium fertilizer to the second fermented and decomposed pile, in percentage by weight, 0.13%, 0.13% and 0.26% of the cow dung are added to the nitrogen fertilizer, phosphorus fertilizer and potassium fertilizer respectively, and then crushing, sieving and packaging are carried out to obtain cow dung bio-organic fertilizer.

[0011] As a preferred method, the method for preparing the pig manure bio-organic fertilizer comprises the following steps:

[0012] (1) Material pretreatment: Bacillus, Streptomyces pyogenes, and Aspergillus niger are mixed in a weight ratio of 2:2:1.5 to obtain a mixed bacterial agent No. 459, wherein the Bacillus is a mixture of Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens in a weight ratio of 1:1.5; edible fungus waste with a moisture content of about 30% is crushed, and the mixture is fully stirred and mixed with pig manure with a moisture content of about 45%, the mixed bacterial agent No. 459, and an enzyme in a fermentation tank, and 0.1% of the mixed bacterial agent No. 459 is added per ton of material;

[0013] (2) Fermentation treatment:

[0014] ① Primary fermentation: The mixed material is transported to the fermentation tank for fermentation. After the first fermentation, the color is dark brown, with no feces odor but a compost odor;

[0015] ② Secondary fermentation: Fermentation takes 9 days; the semi-finished product is transported to the compost turning tank and left to stand for about 10 hours of natural fermentation before turning the compost, turning it every two days, and each turning time is not less than 1 hour; the temperature drops to about 40℃ and the moisture drops to about 30% in the later stage; the mature characteristics are no odor, no attraction to mosquitoes, soft texture, dark brown or black brown, and white or grayish white mycelium appears in the compost;

[0016] (3) Aging: After fermentation and composting, the product is naturally cooled to about 40°C, and then crushed, sieved and packaged to obtain pig manure bio-organic fertilizer.

[0017] As a preferred method, the method for preparing the chicken manure bio-organic fertilizer comprises the following steps:

[0018] (1) Material pretreatment: chicken manure and vegetable waste are stacked separately and impurities are removed; vegetable waste is cut into segments of 3 to 10 cm and chicken manure is crushed into blocks of 3 to 5 cm by a crushing device; vegetable waste and chicken manure are mixed in a mass ratio of 2 to 4:1 based on the type and water content of the vegetable waste, and the water content of the mixed material is adjusted to 55% to 65% by drying or spraying water; urea is added to maintain the carbon-nitrogen ratio of the fermented material at 25 to 35:1 and the pH value is maintained between 5 and 9; photosynthetic bacteria, actinomycetes, and Bacillus are mixed in a ratio of 1:1:1 to obtain a mixed bacterial agent No. 317, wherein the Bacillus is composed of Bacillus megaterium, Bacillus licheniformis, and Bacillus wax poplar mixed in a ratio of 1:2:1; according to weight percentage, 0.1% of the mixed bacterial agent No. 317 is added per ton of material to ferment the chicken manure;

[0019] (2) Fermentation treatment: The fermented materials are transported to harmless treatment equipment to kill insect eggs and harmful microorganisms at a temperature of 60°C to 80°C for at least 2 hours. The frequency of turning and ventilation is determined according to the temperature change of the pile. When the temperature exceeds 70°C, the pile is turned 1 to 2 times a day. At the same time, the temperature and moisture changes during the fermentation process are regularly monitored and recorded to ensure that the pile temperature is between 55 and 65°C and maintained for at least 5 days. In addition, the moisture content of the fermented materials should be controlled between 50% and 65% and maintained for at least 3 days.

[0020] (3) Aging: Static natural ventilation aging is used to gradually reduce the temperature and moisture of the pile. After aging, the temperature of the pile should be stabilized below 40°C, the moisture should be reduced to below 30%, the pH value should be stabilized between 7.24 and 7.87, and the C / N should be less than 20:1. Then, the pile should be crushed, screened, and packaged to obtain chicken manure bio-organic fertilizer. When crushing, the larger particle size of the mature fermented material should be crushed to 1 mm ± 0.5.

[0021] As a preferred method, the preparation method of the duck manure bio-organic fertilizer comprises the following steps:

[0022] (1) Material pretreatment: Geotrichum candidum, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and Aspergillus oryzae are mixed in a ratio of 1:1:1 to obtain a mixed bacterial agent No. 423; duck manure is mixed with corn husks or mushroom stick residues in a mixing ratio of 60% corn husks + 40% duck manure or 60% duck manure + 40% mushroom stick residue by weight percentage, and 0.3% by weight of the mixed bacterial agent No. 423 is added to perform full-amount fermentation of duck manure; the mixture is stirred in a blender for 3 to 5 minutes to ensure that it is fully mixed, and then sent to a fermentation tank through a conveyor belt for fermentation treatment; the moisture content of the mixture is controlled at 50% to 65%;

[0023] (2) Fermentation treatment: Depending on the temperature, a composting machine is used for composting. In the early stage of fermentation, the temperature of the pile rises rapidly, and the temperature at the center of the pile can reach 65°C in 12 hours. During the high-temperature composting period, the frequency of foaming is high, and the frequency of composting is 1 to 2 times per day. Subsequently, after a period of time, the temperature gradually drops to 45°C. Based on the fermentation effect and the change in the temperature of the pile, the frequency of composting is gradually adjusted to once every 3 to 5 days.

[0024] (3) Aging: The fully fermented duck manure mixture is transferred to the discharge bin, and then sent to the aging bin via a conveyor belt for aging treatment; then it is crushed and sieved to obtain duck manure bio-organic fertilizer.

[0025] Beneficial effects: Compared with the prior art, the present invention adopts a combination of "microbial agent technology + tank aerobic fermentation technology", and the technical innovations are as follows:

[0026] 1. High efficiency of decomposition. The invention can achieve rapid decomposition in 28 days in winter and 18 days in summer, and significantly improve the degree of decomposition, killing harmful bacteria by 98.93%, and the humus content ≥58%.

[0027] 2. Green fertilizer production. The microbial agent used in the present invention can complex 49.8% to 92.7% of heavy metals, reduce carbon emissions, and the product is rich in beneficial microorganisms, rich in organic matter, mild in fertilizer effect, and does not burn roots. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 It is a process flow chart of cow dung bio-organic fertilizer of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 The process flow chart of the pig manure bio-organic fertilizer of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3 It is a process flow chart of chicken manure bio-organic fertilizer of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 4 The present invention is a process flow chart of duck manure bio-organic fertilizer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The technical solution of the present invention is clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0033] In order to solve the current situation in the industry of "long fermentation time and incomplete decomposition of livestock and poultry manure", "easy root burn and low fertilizer efficiency", the present invention has created a unique mixed bacterial agent technology, adding different mixed bacterial agents to different livestock and poultry manure, establishing a dominant bacterial community, and achieving rapid decomposition in 28 days in winter and 18 days in summer. Its products are rich in beneficial microorganisms, rich in organic matter, and mild in fertilizer efficiency. The treated livestock and poultry manure meets the standards of "Organic-Inorganic Compound Fertilizer" (GB / T 18877-2020) and "Bio-Organic Fertilizer" (NY 884-2012).

[0034] Table 1 Mixed strains of bacteria in different livestock and poultry manure treatments

[0035]

[0036] Table 2 Early and middle stages of bacterial species (mainly mesophilic microorganisms)

[0037]

[0038]

[0039] Table 3: Middle and late stage bacterial species (mainly thermophilic microorganisms)

[0040] Bacteria effect Aspergillus niger It can break down macromolecular organic matter and insoluble inorganic matter, making it easier for crops to absorb and utilize it, and improving soil structure. Geotrichum candidum <![CDATA[Efficiently assimilate organic nitrogen sources to produce urea CO(NH2)2 that can be directly utilized by plants]]> Streptomyces tenuifolius <![CDATA[Inhibit the production of NH3 and H2S, and convert nutrients into available phosphorus and available potassium]]> Actinomycetes Fix nitrogen, produce antibiotics, inhibit and kill harmful microorganisms, and maintain fermentation stability Trichoderma harzianum Complexes various heavy metals, converts total nitrogen, total phosphorus and total potassium in manure, and inhibits odor

[0041] The present invention measures the nutrient content of different livestock and poultry manures, mixes cow manure with plant ash or fungus residue, pig manure with fungus residue or straw, chicken manure with vegetable waste, duck manure with corn husk or fungus residue, adds corresponding mixed bacterial agents, and then ferments them using tank-type aerobic fermentation technology.

[0042] Table 4 Nutrient content of livestock and poultry manure

[0043]

[0044] (1) Cow dung fermentation

[0045] Bacillus (Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, etc.), Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and Trichoderma harzianum are mixed in a ratio of 1:1:1:1 to obtain mixed bacterial agent No. 229; cow dung and wood ash are mixed in a ratio of 8:1, wood ash is sprinkled into the cow dung, 0.013% of mixed bacterial agent No. 229 is added per ton of material to ferment the cow dung, and the mixed bacterial agent No. 229 can still remain stable under the conditions of "fermentation temperature of 73°C and duration of 11 days", the moisture content of the first fermentation is reduced to 36.7%-39.6%, the moisture content of the second fermentation is reduced to 27.4%-29.7%, the pH is stabilized at 7.59-7.82, and the seed germination rate reaches 87.4%.

[0046] Cow dung organic compound fertilizer contains about 16% N, 8% P (P2O5), and 4% K (K2O). It not only provides abundant nutrients to promote plant growth and development, but also improves soil structure, stimulates soil respiration, and improves soil water and fertilizer retention capacity. At the same time, it enhances plant resistance to stress, making it more resistant to adverse conditions such as pests, diseases, and drought.

[0047] The preparation method of cow dung bio-organic fertilizer is as follows:

[0048] Step 1: Material pretreatment

[0049] Cow dung is used as raw material, and plant ash and mixed bacterial agents are auxiliary materials. Plant ash can quickly absorb moisture on the surface of the pile, solidify the surface, and reduce the moisture content of cow dung to 50%-55%, and then it is transported to the composting fermentation area by a dumper. The dumper stirs at a speed of 0.8-1m / min. Solidification of the pile surface can shorten the fermentation cycle. Sprinkling plant ash reduces the C / N ratio, and stirring increases ventilation, which can shorten the fermentation cycle.

[0050] Step 2: Fermentation

[0051] The raw materials are turned over, stirred, aerated, and moved in the same direction. 0.013% mixed bacterial agent No. 229 is added, and the raw materials are turned over 1 to 2 times. The fermentation pile is maintained at 60-70°C under the action of biological bacteria, evaporating a large amount of water and killing pathogens and insect eggs. After a fermentation cycle (11 days), the moisture content of the raw materials is about 60%. After the fermentation is completed, the moisture content of the pile drops to below 40%. Spraying the mixed bacterial agent is mainly to convert inorganic "N, P, K" into organic "N, P, K", improve fertility, and promote the conversion of hydrogen sulfide to sulfate. The fermented pile is crushed and then enters the secondary fermentation and decomposition. The secondary fermentation cycle is about 6 days, and a turning machine is used to turn it once on the 4th day.

[0052] Step 3: Ingredients and crushing

[0053] The second fermented and decomposed pile is crushed and sieved after adding other exogenous fertilizers (nitrogen fertilizer, phosphorus fertilizer, potassium fertilizer are added at 0.13%, 0.13%, 0.26% of cow dung respectively).

[0054] Table 5 Main raw and auxiliary material consumption

[0055]

[0056] (II) Pig manure fermentation

[0057] Bacillus (Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, etc. 1:1.5), Streptomyces tenuifolius, Aspergillus niger and other microorganisms are mixed in a ratio of 2:2:1.5 to obtain mixed bacterial agent No. 459; 0.1% mixed bacterial agent No. 459 is added per ton of material to ferment pig manure. The bacterial agent can still remain stable under the conditions of "fermentation temperature 71°C, duration 10d", and can reduce the moisture content of the pile to 28.5%-29.4%, maintain the pH at 6.74-7.53, and the seed germination rate reaches 91.7%.

[0058] The preparation method of pig manure bio-organic fertilizer is as follows:

[0059] Step 1: Material pretreatment

[0060] The edible fungus waste with a moisture content of about 30% is crushed and fully stirred and mixed with pig manure with a moisture content of about 45%, mixed bacterial agent No. 459, enzyme and other ingredients in a fermentation tank.

[0061] Step 2: Fermentation

[0062] ① Primary fermentation: The mixed materials are transported to the fermentation tank for fermentation, and the residual pests and diseases of the raw materials are killed by high temperature. After the first fermentation, the color is dark brown, without feces odor but with compost odor.

[0063] ② Secondary fermentation: Fermentation takes 9 days. The semi-finished product is transported to the compost turning tank and left to stand for about 10 hours of natural fermentation before turning the compost. Turn the compost every two days, and each turning time should not be less than 1 hour. In the later stage, the temperature drops to about 40℃ and the moisture drops to about 30%. The characteristics of maturity are no odor, no attraction to mosquitoes, soft texture, dark brown or black brown, and white or grayish white mycelium appears in the compost.

[0064] Step 3: Aging

[0065] After fermentation and composting, it is naturally cooled to about 40℃ and then enters the crushing and screening stage.

[0066] Table 6 List of main raw and auxiliary materials of the project

[0067] name Annual usage source Edible mushroom waste 20,000t / a Edible fungi enterprises in Wanshan District and surrounding areas Pig manure 28,000t / a Tongren Taiming Agricultural Technology Co., Ltd. and surrounding pig farms Mixed bacterial agent 0.05 million t / a The applicant shall provide Enzymes and other ingredients 0.15 million t / a Outsourcing

[0068] (III) Chicken manure fermentation

[0069] Photosynthetic bacteria, actinomycetes, Bacillus (Bacillus megaterium, Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus wax poplar and other mixed bacteria 1:2:1) etc. were mixed in a ratio of 1:1:1 to obtain mixed bacterial agent No. 317; 0.1% mixed bacterial agent No. 317 was added to each ton of material to ferment chicken manure. The bacterial agent can remain stable under the conditions of "the maximum fermentation temperature can reach above 70°C and the high-temperature fermentation duration is more than 13 days", and can reduce the moisture content of the pile to 28.3% to 29.2%, kill harmful microorganisms, and achieve harmless utilization; pH 6.0 to 7.5 can effectively reduce nitrogen loss, and the seed germination rate reaches 94.3%.

[0070] The preparation method of chicken manure bio-organic fertilizer is as follows:

[0071] Step 1: Material pretreatment

[0072] Pile chicken manure and vegetable waste separately and remove impurities. Use crushing equipment to cut vegetable waste into 3-10 cm segments and chicken manure into 3-5 cm blocks. Based on the type and moisture content of vegetable waste, mix vegetable waste and chicken manure in a mass ratio of (2-4):1. Adjust the moisture content of the mixed material to 55%-65% by drying or spraying water. Add urea to maintain the carbon-nitrogen ratio of the fermented material at (25-35):1 and the pH value between 5 and 9. Add 0.1% mixed bacterial agent No. 317 per ton of material.

[0073] Step 2: Fermentation

[0074] The fermented materials are transported to the harmless treatment equipment to kill the eggs and harmful microorganisms at a temperature of 60℃ to 80℃, and the sterilization time is not less than 2 hours. The frequency of turning and ventilation is determined according to the temperature change of the pile. When the temperature exceeds 70℃, the pile is turned 1 to 2 times a day. At the same time, the temperature and moisture changes during the fermentation process should be regularly monitored and recorded to ensure that the pile temperature is between 55 and 65℃ and maintained for no less than 5 days. In addition, the moisture content of the fermented materials should be controlled between 50% and 65% and maintained for no less than 3 days.

[0075] Step 3: Aging

[0076] By using static natural ventilation aging, the temperature and moisture of the pile will gradually decrease. After aging, the temperature of the pile should be stabilized below 40°C, the moisture should drop below 30%, the pH value should be stabilized between 7.24 and 7.87, and the C / N should be less than 20:1. In the crushing stage, the larger particle size of the mature fermented material should be crushed to 1mm±0.5.

[0077] (IV) Duck manure fermentation

[0078] Mix Geotrichum candidum, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Aspergillus oryzae, etc. in a ratio of 1:1:1 to obtain mixed bacterial agent No. 423; mix "60% corn husk + 40% duck manure or 40% mushroom stick residue + 60% duck manure", add 0.3% mixed bacterial agent No. 423 fermented duck manure per ton of material, which can raise the temperature of the pile 10cm to 74℃ in 12h, and the maximum temperature of the pile can reach 68℃; maintain the pH at 7.25-7.61, reduce the moisture content of the pile to about 26.7%-27.1%, and after fermentation, the fertilizer effect is mild, and the seed germination rate reaches 86%.

[0079] The nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium contents of duck manure are about 1.64%, 1.54% and 0.85%, respectively, which is a fertilizer with balanced nutrients and high content, and the water content is usually about 84.61%. The present invention uses mushroom stick residue or corn husks mixed with composite bacteria in proportion to ferment the duck manure in full, thus solving the problem of difficult treatment of duck manure.

[0080] The preparation method of duck manure biological organic fertilizer is as follows:

[0081] Step 1: Material pretreatment

[0082] The duck manure is fermented in full quantity with the ratio of "60% corn husk + 40% duck manure" or "60% duck manure + 40% mushroom stick residue" and 0.3% mixed bacterial agent No. 423 is added. The mixture is stirred in a mixer for 3 to 5 minutes to ensure that it is fully mixed, and then sent to the fermentation tank through a conveyor belt for fermentation. The moisture content of the mixture should not exceed 65% to avoid affecting the fermentation effect.

[0083] Step 2: Fermentation

[0084] According to the temperature, use a composting machine to turn the pile. In the early stage of fermentation, the pile rises rapidly, and the temperature in the center of the pile can reach 65°C in 12 hours. During the high-temperature composting period, the foaming frequency is high, and the turning frequency is 1 to 2 times per day. Then, after a period of time, the temperature gradually drops to 45°C. According to the fermentation effect and the change in the temperature of the pile, the turning frequency is gradually adjusted to every 3 to 5 days.

[0085] Step 3: Aging: After sufficient fermentation, the entire duck manure mixture is transferred to the discharge bin and then sent to the aging bin via a conveyor belt for further aging.

[0086] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for preparing organic fertilizer using livestock and poultry manure, characterized in that: Cow dung and wood ash, pig dung and edible fungus waste, chicken dung and vegetable waste, duck dung and corn husk or mushroom stick residue are mixed and inoculated with corresponding mixed bacterial agents, and then fermented, decomposed, crushed and screened using a trough aerobic fermentation process to obtain cow dung bio-organic fertilizer, pig dung bio-organic fertilizer, chicken dung bio-organic fertilizer and duck dung bio-organic fertilizer.

2. The method for preparing organic fertilizer using livestock and poultry manure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preparation method of the cow dung bio-organic fertilizer comprises the following steps: (1) Material pretreatment: Cow dung is used as raw material, and wood ash is sprinkled into the cow dung. The cow dung and wood ash are mixed in a ratio of 8:

1. After the moisture content of the cow dung is reduced to 50% to 55%, it is transported to the composting fermentation area by a dumper and stirred by a compost turner at a stirring speed of 0.8 to 1 m / min. (2) Fermentation treatment: Bacillus, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and Trichoderma harzianum are mixed in a ratio of 1:1:1:1 to obtain a mixed bacterial agent No. 229; the cow dung is turned and stirred, aerated, and the material is moved in the same direction, and 0.013% of the mixed bacterial agent No. 229 is added per ton of cow dung to ferment the cow dung, and the raw materials are turned over 1 to 2 times; the first fermentation cycle is about 11 days, and after the fermentation is completed, the moisture content of the pile is reduced to 36.7% to 39.6%; the fermented fermentation pile is crushed and then enters a secondary fermentation and decomposition, and the secondary fermentation cycle is about 6 days, and the moisture content of the pile is reduced to 27.4% to 29.7%. On the 4th day, the pile is turned over once using a turning machine; (3) Batching and crushing: adding nitrogen fertilizer, phosphorus fertilizer and potassium fertilizer to the second fermented and decomposed pile, in percentage by weight, 0.13%, 0.13% and 0.26% of the cow dung are added to the nitrogen fertilizer, phosphorus fertilizer and potassium fertilizer respectively, and then crushing, sieving and packaging are carried out to obtain cow dung bio-organic fertilizer.

3. The method for preparing organic fertilizer using livestock and poultry manure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method for preparing the pig manure bio-organic fertilizer comprises the following steps: (1) Material pretreatment: Bacillus, Streptomyces pyogenes, and Aspergillus niger are mixed in a weight ratio of 2:2:1.5 to obtain a mixed bacterial agent No. 459, wherein the Bacillus is a mixture of Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens in a weight ratio of 1:1.5; edible fungus waste with a moisture content of about 30% is crushed, and the mixture is fully stirred and mixed with pig manure with a moisture content of about 45%, the mixed bacterial agent No. 459, and an enzyme in a fermentation tank, and 0.1% of the mixed bacterial agent No. 459 is added per ton of material; (2) Fermentation treatment: ① Primary fermentation: The mixed material is transported to the fermentation tank for fermentation. After the first fermentation, the color is dark brown, with no feces odor but a compost odor; ② Secondary fermentation: Fermentation takes 9 days; the semi-finished product is transported to the compost turning tank and left to stand for about 10 hours of natural fermentation before turning the compost, turning it every two days, and each turning time is not less than 1 hour; the temperature drops to about 40℃ and the moisture drops to about 30% in the later stage; the mature characteristics are no odor, no attraction to mosquitoes, soft texture, dark brown or black brown, and white or grayish white mycelium appears in the compost; (3) Aging: After fermentation and composting, the product is naturally cooled to about 40°C, and then crushed, sieved and packaged to obtain pig manure bio-organic fertilizer.

4. The method for preparing organic fertilizer using livestock and poultry manure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preparation method of the chicken manure bio-organic fertilizer comprises the following steps: (1) Material pretreatment: chicken manure and vegetable waste are stacked separately and impurities are removed; vegetable waste is cut into segments of 3 to 10 cm and chicken manure is crushed into blocks of 3 to 5 cm by a crushing device; vegetable waste and chicken manure are mixed in a mass ratio of 2 to 4:1 based on the type and water content of the vegetable waste, and the water content of the mixed material is adjusted to 55% to 65% by drying or spraying water; urea is added to maintain the carbon-nitrogen ratio of the fermented material at 25 to 35:1 and the pH value is maintained between 5 and 9; photosynthetic bacteria, actinomycetes, and Bacillus are mixed in a ratio of 1:1:1 to obtain a mixed bacterial agent No. 317, wherein the Bacillus is composed of Bacillus megaterium, Bacillus licheniformis, and Bacillus wax poplar mixed in a ratio of 1:2:1; according to weight percentage, 0.1% of the mixed bacterial agent No. 317 is added per ton of material to ferment the chicken manure; (2) Fermentation treatment: The fermented materials are transported to harmless treatment equipment to kill insect eggs and harmful microorganisms at a temperature of 60°C to 80°C for at least 2 hours. The frequency of turning and ventilation is determined according to the temperature change of the pile. When the temperature exceeds 70°C, the pile is turned 1 to 2 times a day. At the same time, the temperature and moisture changes during the fermentation process are regularly monitored and recorded to ensure that the pile temperature is between 55 and 65°C and maintained for at least 5 days. In addition, the moisture content of the fermented materials should be controlled between 50% and 65% and maintained for at least 3 days. (3) Aging: Static natural ventilation aging is used to gradually reduce the temperature and moisture of the pile. After aging, the temperature of the pile should be stabilized below 40°C, the moisture should be reduced to below 30%, the pH value should be stabilized between 7.24 and 7.87, and the C / N should be less than 20:

1. Then, the pile should be crushed, screened, and packaged to obtain chicken manure bio-organic fertilizer. When crushing, the larger particle size of the mature fermented material should be crushed to 1 mm ± 0.

5.

5. The method for preparing organic fertilizer using livestock and poultry manure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preparation method of the duck manure bio-organic fertilizer comprises the following steps: (1) Material pretreatment: Geotrichum candidum, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and Aspergillus oryzae are mixed in a ratio of 1:1:1 to obtain a mixed bacterial agent No. 423; duck manure is mixed with corn husks or mushroom stick residues in a mixing ratio of 60% corn husks + 40% duck manure or 60% duck manure + 40% mushroom stick residue by weight percentage, and 0.3% by weight of the mixed bacterial agent No. 423 is added to perform full-amount fermentation of duck manure; the mixture is stirred in a blender for 3 to 5 minutes to ensure that it is fully mixed, and then sent to a fermentation tank through a conveyor belt for fermentation treatment; the moisture content of the mixture is controlled at 50% to 65%; (2) Fermentation treatment: Depending on the temperature, a composting machine is used for composting. In the early stage of fermentation, the temperature of the pile rises rapidly, and the temperature at the center of the pile can reach 65°C in 12 hours. During the high-temperature composting period, the frequency of foaming is high, and the frequency of composting is 1 to 2 times per day. Subsequently, after a period of time, the temperature gradually drops to 45°C. Based on the fermentation effect and the change in the temperature of the pile, the frequency of composting is gradually adjusted to once every 3 to 5 days. (3) Aging: The fully fermented duck manure mixture is transferred to the discharge bin, and then sent to the aging bin via a conveyor belt for aging treatment; then it is crushed and sieved to obtain duck manure bio-organic fertilizer.

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