An intramedullary nail system for the treatment of long bone fractures

Abstract

The present invention discloses an intramedullary nail system for the treatment of long bone fractures, belonging to the field of medical devices, which includes a rod-shaped main body, a limiting component, a transmission component and a bone plate; the rod-shaped main body has an implanted section and a connecting section connected to each other, the implanted section is internally provided with a first cavity, the connecting section is internally provided with a second cavity, the first cavity and the second cavity are communicated, and a through hole is provided on the wall of the implanted section; the limiting component has a mounting part, a rotating shaft and a rotating blade; the rotating shaft is arranged in the first cavity; one end of the rotating blade is arranged on the rotating shaft, and the other end is movably arranged in the through hole or extends out from the through hole; the transmission component is arranged in the second cavity, and the transmission component is in transmission connection with the rotating shaft; the bone plate is fixedly connected to the connecting section, and a plurality of channels for bone screws to pass through are arranged on the bone plate. In the present invention, when the screwing-out angles are the same, the radial lengths of different rotating blades extending out can have certain differences due to their different acting forces on the bone marrow cavity wall, so as to better adapt to the irregular bone marrow cavity wall.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of medical devices, and particularly relates to an intramedullary nail system for the treatment of long bone fractures. Background Art

[0002] An intramedullary nail is a long strip-shaped implant made of metal and placed in the bone marrow cavity for fracture fixation, especially suitable for fracture fixation of long bones such as the humerus, radius, ulna, femur, and tibia, thereby promoting stable fracture healing.

[0003] In traditional intramedullary nail procedures, in order to fix the intramedullary nail to the bone body to be restored, usually two or more staggered holes for accommodating bone screws are provided at the proximal end and / or distal end of the intramedullary nail. After drilling the bone itself, the bone screws are immediately inserted into the holes provided on the intramedullary nail, thereby fixing the intramedullary nail to the bone body. Moreover, in order to obtain better fixation effects, the number of bone screws used will also increase accordingly, which will not only increase the complexity of the surgical procedure but also may cause multiple wounds to form in the non-fracture area of the bone body, affecting the patient's recovery period.

[0004] In the patent US11931083B2 of Globus Medical Inc, a proximal humerus stabilization system is disclosed. As shown in the attached drawings, the intramedullary nail 250 includes an upper part 252 and a lower part 254. Multiple through holes 256 are provided in both the upper part 252 and the lower part 254. The fastener 230 can pass through the corresponding openings 220 in the bone plate 210 and through the corresponding through holes 256 in the upper part 252 and the lower part 254 of the intramedullary nail 250 to complete positioning. Figure 1 As shown, the intramedullary nail 250 includes an upper part 252 and a lower part 254. Multiple through holes 256 are provided in both the upper part 252 and the lower part 254. The fastener 230 can pass through the corresponding openings 220 in the bone plate 210 and through the corresponding through holes 256 in the upper part 252 and the lower part 254 of the intramedullary nail 250 to complete positioning.

[0005] In the patent US11344341B2 of Skeletal Dynamics LLC, an intramedullary fixation nail and its use method are disclosed. As shown, the intramedullary nail 100 includes an elongated shaft 101, which has an outer bone contact surface 102, a front end (or distal end) 103, and a tail end (or proximal end) 104. The elongated shaft 101 may also include threaded or non-threaded cross bores 110, 111 for inserting locking screws (not shown). Figure 2 As shown, the intramedullary nail 100 includes an elongated shaft 101, which has an outer bone contact surface 102, a front end (or distal end) 103, and a tail end (or proximal end) 104. The elongated shaft 101 may also include threaded or non-threaded cross bores 110, 111 for inserting locking screws (not shown).

[0006] There are also some studies aiming to obtain the expected fracture fixation effect on the premise of reducing the number of bone screws used. For example: As Figure 3As shown, in the patent application CN102088922A of Ausofiix Company, an intramedullary nail for inserting into the long bone of a fracture is disclosed, including: a rod 2 extending between a proximal end portion 3 and a distal end portion 4; a tubular cylinder 5, the rod is coaxially inserted into the tubular cylinder; at least a first pair of expansion devices 12 located at the distal end portion of the rod, the expansion devices are made of a shape memory material, presenting a first configuration when not in use and a second configuration when in use. When in the first configuration, the expansion devices are arranged in the recesses in the side wall of the intramedullary nail, and when in the second configuration, the expansion devices are positioned to protrude from the side wall of the intramedullary nail according to body temperature; a groove 55 exists in the tubular cylinder to correspond to the shape memory device, so that the shape memory device can be fastened to the bone when presenting the second configuration in use; wherein, the rod includes a transverse channel 6 corresponding to the proximal end for a stop screw to pass through, the tubular cylinder includes a pair of opposite holes 7a, 7b aligned with the channel; and the distal end portion of the rod does not have any screw through channels. Although the above technical solution can avoid inserting too many fastening screws, its expansion device can only correspond to two configurations, which is difficult to adapt to the irregular bone marrow cavity wall, resulting in poor fixation effect. When the limb is twisted, dislocation is likely to occur between the intramedullary nail and the bone body.

[0007] Therefore, there is an urgent need to propose an intramedullary nail system for treating long bone fractures to solve the problems that the existing intramedullary nails need to be used in cooperation with a relatively large number of bone connecting screws, resulting in an increase in the complexity of the surgical operation and multiple wounds formed by the patient in the non-fracture area; or when using an alternative fixing mechanism for bone connecting screws, the alternative fixing mechanism is difficult to adapt to the irregular bone marrow cavity wall, resulting in poor fixation effect, and when the limb is twisted, dislocation is likely to occur between the intramedullary nail and the bone body. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an intramedullary nail system for treating long bone fractures to solve at least one of the technical problems mentioned in the above background technology that the existing intramedullary nails need to be used in cooperation with a relatively large number of bone connecting screws, resulting in an increase in the complexity of the surgical operation and multiple wounds formed by the patient in the non-fracture area; or when using an alternative fixing mechanism for bone connecting screws, the alternative fixing mechanism is difficult to adapt to the irregular bone marrow cavity wall, resulting in poor fixation effect, and when the limb is twisted, dislocation is likely to occur between the intramedullary nail and the bone body.

[0009] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0010] An intramedullary nail system for treating long bone fractures, the intramedullary nail system includes:

[0011] A rod-shaped main body, the rod-shaped main body having an implanted section and a connecting section connected to each other, a first cavity provided inside the implanted section, a second cavity provided inside the connecting section, the first cavity and the second cavity being in communication, and a plurality of through holes provided on the wall of the implanted section surrounding the first cavity;

[0012] A limiting component, the limiting component having a mounting portion, a rotating shaft, and a rotating blade, the mounting portion and the rotating shaft both being provided inside the first cavity, the mounting portion being fixedly connected to the wall of the implanted section, the rotating shaft passing through the mounting portion and being rotatably connected to the mounting portion, one end of the rotating blade being fixedly provided on the rotating shaft and the other end being movably provided in the through hole or protruding from the through hole;

[0013] A transmission component, the transmission component being provided inside the second cavity, the transmission component being in transmission connection with the rotating shaft;

[0014] A driving mechanism, the driving mechanism being used to drive the transmission component to rotate;

[0015] A fixing component, the fixing component having a bone plate and bone screws, the bone plate being fixedly connected to the connecting section, and a plurality of channels for the bone screws to pass through being provided on the bone plate; wherein,

[0016] The transmission component can rotate under the drive of the driving mechanism, thereby driving the rotating shaft to rotate, so that the rotating blade continues to rotate and protrude outwards from the through hole.

[0017] Further, the rotating blade is in the shape of a curved cuboid, a plurality of the curved cuboid-shaped rotating blades are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the rotating shaft, and the plurality of the curved cuboid-shaped rotating blades form a rotating blade group.

[0018] Further, one rotating blade group has at least 3 curved cuboid-shaped rotating blades, the cross-section of each curved cuboid-shaped rotating blade along the circumferential direction of the rotating shaft is approximately a curved rectangle, both long sides of the curved rectangle are arcs, and a first included angle is formed between the tangent along the rotating shaft and the tangent along the arc at the contact position of any long side of the curved rectangle and the rotating shaft, and the first included angle is an acute angle.

[0019] Further, the number of the rotating blade groups is not less than two, and the rotating blade groups are arranged at intervals along the extending direction of the implanted section.

[0020] Further, the ends of two adjacent rotating blades in the rotating blade group that are far from the rotating shaft are connected by an expansion part, and the expansion part is an elastic band.

[0021] Further, two adjacent expansion parts are arranged staggeredly in the circumferential direction of the implanted section.

[0022] Further, the rotating blades of two adjacent and spaced-apart rotating blade groups are arranged in a staggered manner along the extending direction of the implant section.

[0023] Further, an adjustment channel communicating with the second cavity is also provided on the wall of the connection section, and the adjustment channel is used for an external driving mechanism to drive the transmission assembly.

[0024] Further, the transmission assembly includes a first transmission shaft, a second transmission shaft and a bevel gear set; the first transmission shaft is rotatably arranged in the cavity and is connected to the rotating shaft through a universal joint; the second transmission shaft is rotatably arranged in the cavity, and its outer end is correspondingly arranged opposite to the adjustment channel; the bevel gear set includes two meshing bevel gears, and the two meshing bevel gears are respectively arranged on the first transmission shaft and the second transmission shaft; the second transmission shaft is connected to the rotating arm of the driving mechanism through a spline, and the external driving mechanism also has a control part.

[0025] Further, the intramedullary nail system further includes an anti-rotation component, the anti-rotation component is a ratchet and pawl structure, the ratchet is arranged on the surface of the rotating shaft, and the pawl is arranged on the inner side of the wall of the implant section.

[0026] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0027] 1. An intramedullary nail system for treating long bone fractures provided by the present invention drives the transmission assembly to rotate through a driving mechanism, thereby driving the rotating shaft to rotate, so that the resilient rotating blades are screwed outwards from the through holes and abut against the wall of the bone marrow cavity; when the rotation angles are the same, the radial forms of different rotating blades after extension can be different due to their different acting forces on the wall of the bone marrow cavity, and thus can better adapt to the irregular wall of the bone marrow cavity, enhance the relative stability of the fixation of the intramedullary nail and the bone body, and avoid torsional dislocation.

[0028] 2. An intramedullary nail system for treating long bone fractures provided by the present invention strengthens the interaction between the distal end of the rod-shaped main body and the wall of the bone marrow cavity by arranging one or more rotating blade groups in the first cavity of the implant section, enhances the relative stability of the fixation of the intramedullary nail and the bone body, avoids the situation of fixing with a number of bone screws at the distal end of the traditional intramedullary nail, and reduces the trauma caused to the fracture patient.

[0029] 3. An intramedullary nail system for treating long bone fractures provided by the present invention can ensure the one-way rotation of the rotating shaft by adopting an anti-rotation component, avoid the loosening of the abutment of the rotating blades, and further improve the overall stability of the rotating blades when the initial fixation operation is not performed and when the rotating blades finally abut against the wall of the bone marrow cavity.

[0030] 4. The present invention provides an intramedullary nail system for treating long bone fractures, in which the expansion portion is connected to the rotating blades, providing the rotating blades with a force that deviates from the bending direction of the rotating blades themselves, thereby improving the overall stability of the rotating blade group, ensuring the opening angle of the rotating blades, and enabling the rotating blades to better abut and fix against the wall of the bone marrow cavity. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] Figures 1 - 3 It is a schematic diagram of a technical solution involved in the related background technology of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of the intramedullary nail involved in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the implantation process of the intramedullary nail involved in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the cooperation between the transmission assembly and the driving mechanism involved in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the limit assembly involved in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the limit assembly involved in Example 4 of the present invention.

[0037] In the figure: 1-rod-shaped body, 11-implantation section, 12-connecting section, 2-fixing assembly, 21-bone plate, 22-bone screw, 3-limiting assembly, 31-rotating shaft, 32-rotating blade, 33-expansion part, 34-installation part, 4-transmission assembly, 41-first transmission shaft, 42-second transmission shaft, 43-bevel gear set, 44-rotating arm, 45-control part, 5-anti-reverse rotation assembly. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] Various aspects of the present invention are described in further detail below.

[0039] Unless otherwise defined or indicated, all professional and scientific terms used herein have the same meanings as those familiar to users skilled in the art. In addition, any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein can be applied to the method of the present invention.

[0040] Unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the "or" mentioned in the present invention includes the relationship of "and". The "and" is equivalent to the Boolean logic operator "AND", the "or" is equivalent to the Boolean logic operator "OR", and "AND" is a subset of "OR".

[0041] It will be understood that although the terms "first", "second", etc. may be used herein to describe different elements, these elements should not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element from another. Thus, a first element may be referred to as a second element without departing from the teachings of the present disclosure concept.

[0042] In the present invention, the terms "consisting essentially of..." and "consisting of..." are included in the terms "comprising", "including" or "containing".

[0043] Unless otherwise expressly specified and defined, the terms "connected", "communicated with", "connected to" of the present invention should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it may be a fixed connection, or may be connected through an intermediate medium, and may be the communication inside two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0044] For example, if an element (or component) is referred to as being on another element, coupled to another element or connected to another element, then the said one element may be directly formed on, coupled to or connected to the said another element, or there may be one or more intermediate elements between them. On the contrary, if the expressions "directly on...", "directly coupled to..." and "directly connected to..." are used herein, it means that there are no intermediate elements. Other words used to describe the relationship between elements should be interpreted similarly, such as "between..." and "directly between...", "attached" and "directly attached", "adjacent" and "directly adjacent", etc.

[0045] In addition, it should be noted that the words "front", "rear", "left", "right", "upper" and "lower" used in the following description refer to the directions in the drawings. The words "inner" and "outer" respectively refer to the directions towards or away from the geometric center of a specific component. It will be understood that herein, these terms are used to describe the relationship of one element, layer or region relative to another element, layer or region as shown in the drawings. Except for the orientations described in the drawings, these terms should also include other orientations of the device.

[0046] Other aspects of the present invention will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art from the present disclosure.

[0047] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present disclosure or the prior art, the following will describe the specific embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings, and other embodiments can also be obtained.

[0048] It should also be noted that the diagrams provided in the following embodiments only illustrate the basic concept of the present disclosure in a schematic manner. The diagrams only show the components related to the present application, rather than being drawn according to the number, shape, and size of the components in actual implementation. The type, quantity, and ratio of each component in actual implementation can be arbitrarily changed, and the component layout type may also be more complex. For example, the thickness of the components in the accompanying drawings can be exaggerated for clarity. Embodiment 1

[0049] Provide an intramedullary nail system for the treatment of long bone fractures, as Figures 4 - 7 shown, including:

[0050] A rod-shaped main body 1, the rod-shaped main body has an implant section 11 and a connection section 12 connected to each other. A first cavity is provided inside the implant section 11, a second cavity is provided inside the connection section 12, the first cavity and the second cavity are communicated, and a plurality of through holes are provided on the wall of the implant section 11 surrounding the first cavity;

[0051] A limiting component 3, the limiting component 3 has a mounting portion 34, a rotating shaft 31, and a rotating blade 32. The mounting portion 34 and the rotating shaft 31 are both arranged in the first cavity. The mounting portion 34 is fixedly connected to the wall of the implant section 11. The rotating shaft 31 passes through the mounting portion 34 and is rotatably connected to the mounting portion 34. One end of the rotating blade 32 is fixedly arranged on the rotating shaft 31, and the other end is movably arranged in the through hole or extends out from the through hole;

[0052] A transmission component 4, the transmission component 4 is arranged in the second cavity, and the transmission component 4 is in transmission connection with the rotating shaft 31;

[0053] A driving mechanism, the driving mechanism is used to drive the transmission component 4 to rotate;

[0054] A fixing component 2, the fixing component 2 has a bone plate 21 and bone screws 22. The bone plate 21 is fixedly connected to the connection section 12, and a plurality of channels for the bone screws 22 to pass through are provided on the bone plate 21; wherein,

[0055] The transmission component 4 can rotate under the drive of the driving mechanism, thereby driving the rotating shaft 31 to rotate, so that the rotating blade 32 continues to rotate outwards from the through hole.

[0056] It should be noted that the rod-shaped main body 1 has an implanted section 11 and a connecting section 12 which are connected to each other. The implanted section 11 and the connecting section 12 can be integrally formed or assembled into one by mechanical means. Similarly, the connection method of the bone plate 21 fixed to the connecting section 12 is not particularly limited, and all connection methods capable of fixing the bone plate 21 to the connecting section 12 can be adopted, such as integral forming, screw connection, welding, clamping, etc.

[0057] After the rod-shaped main body 1 is implanted into the marrow cavity of the long bone at the fracture position, the transmission component 4 is driven by the driving mechanism to rotate the transmission component 4, and then drive the rotating shaft 31 to rotate, so that the rotating blade 32 rotates outwards from the through hole until it abuts against the wall of the marrow cavity. Due to the strong abutting force between the rotating blade 32 and the wall of the marrow cavity, the static friction force of the rotating blade 32 in all directions along the wall of the marrow cavity is large, thereby ensuring the stability of the position of the rod-shaped main body 1 in the marrow cavity of the long bone and effectively avoiding the possibility of potential deflection or displacement of the rod-shaped main body 1.

[0058] As a preferred embodiment, the outer wall of the implanted section 11 corresponding to the position of the through hole is thickened, and the wall thickness of the thickened part is smoothly transitioned with the outer wall of the implanted section 11 that is not thickened outside the through hole position.

[0059] It should be noted that thickening the outer wall of the implanted section 11 corresponding to the position of the through hole can make the other end of the rotating blade 32 more easily abut against the hole wall of the through hole in the initial state. Then, after the rod-shaped main body 1 is implanted into the marrow cavity of the long bone at the fracture position, the rotating blade 32 can smoothly extend out of the through hole.

[0060] As a preferred embodiment, a number of channels for the bone screws 22 to pass through are provided on the bone plate 21. The channels are channels with internal threads, which cooperate with the external threads provided on the surface of the bone screws 22 to ensure the fixation of the bone screws to the bone body at the fracture position.

[0061] As a preferred embodiment, the outer peripheries of the implanted section 11 and the connecting section 12 of the rod-shaped main body 1 can be generally set as cylindrical, and the axes of the implanted section 11 and the connecting section 12 of the rod-shaped main body 1 are arranged at an angle. This setting can misalign the axis of the bone plate 21 with the axis of the implanted section 11, and at the same time facilitate the implanted section 11 of the rod-shaped main body 1 to enter the marrow cavity from the side. Preferably, the angle between the axes of the implanted section 11 and the connecting section 12 is not less than 170°.

[0062] As a preferred embodiment, the rotating blade 32 is in the shape of a curved rectangular parallelepiped, and 3-6 curved rectangular rotating blades 32 are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the rotating shaft 31 to form a rotating blade group; the cross-section of each curved rectangular rotating blade 32 along the circumference of the rotating shaft 31 is roughly a curved rectangle, and the two long sides of the curved rectangle are both arcs, and the tangent along the rotating shaft and the tangent along the arc corresponding to the contact position between any long side of the curved rectangle and the rotating shaft 31 form a first angle, and the first angle is an acute angle.

[0063] It should be noted that the rotating blades 32 are made of biocompatible materials with bending properties and both strength and toughness, such as nickel-titanium alloy, or other polymer materials (such as polyurethane, polytetrafluoroethylene, etc.). The requirement of bending properties is because when the rotating blades 32 abut against the wall of the bone marrow cavity, if the shaft 31 is still rotating, the rotating blades 32 will further bend and deform. If the rotating blades 32 are made of brittle materials, they cannot adapt to this usage scenario; the requirement of strength and toughness is because when the rotating blades 32 abut against the wall of the bone marrow cavity, they need to generate a large static friction force with the help of the abutment force.

[0064] It should be noted that the setting of the first angle as an acute angle will make it easier for the rotating blade 32 to extend from the through hole, making it better adaptable to rotation adjustment. The outer side of the rotating blade 32 always faces the wall of the medullary cavity, which is more conducive to the rotating blade 32 to form a stable anti-displacement abutment with the wall of the medullary cavity.

[0065] As a preferred embodiment, both side surfaces of the rotating blade 32 are provided with protrusion arrays.

[0066] It should be noted that, in the bone marrow cavity with an irregular cross-section, when part of the rotating blades 32 first abut against the bone marrow cavity wall, if the rotating shaft 31 is still rotating, the part of the rotating blades 32 will further bend and deform, so that the side of the rotating blades 32 contacts the bone marrow cavity wall, and the protrusion array can enhance the anti-displacement capability of the rotating blades 32 in this case until all the rotating blades 32 abut against the bone marrow cavity wall and stop rotating. The abutment of the rotating blades 32 against the bone marrow cavity wall can be detected with the help of existing visualization devices, or can be determined with the help of the operator's experience, which will not be repeated here.

[0067] As a preferred embodiment, the number of the rotating blade groups is not less than two, and the rotating blade groups are arranged at intervals along the extension direction of the implant segment 11 .

[0068] It should be noted that the multiple rotating blade groups arranged at intervals along the extending direction of the implant segment 11 can further enhance the fixing effect between the rod-shaped main body 1 and the bone marrow cavity wall, and reduce the possibility of torsional dislocation of the intramedullary nail. Preferably, the rotating blades 32 of adjacent rotating blade groups can be staggeredly arranged along the axial direction of the rotating shaft 31 to disperse the acting force position distribution between the rotating blades 32 and the bone marrow cavity wall.

[0069] As a preferred embodiment, an adjustment channel communicating with the second cavity is further provided on the wall of the connection segment 12, and the adjustment channel is used for an external driving mechanism to drive the transmission assembly 4.

[0070] As a preferred embodiment, an installation part 34 is arranged on the inner wall of the implant segment 11 to realize the rotational connection between the rotating shaft 31 and the implant segment 11. The installation part 34 is arranged in a staggered manner with the rotating blade 32 to avoid affecting its screwing out. The installation part 34 can adopt various connection structures. In this embodiment, the installation part 34 is a bearing. The bearing is arranged on the inner wall of the implant segment 11, and the rotating shaft 31 is arranged in the bearing, so as to realize the rotational connection between the rotating shaft 31 and the implant segment 11.

[0071] As a preferred embodiment, the expansion part 33 can adopt various forms. In this embodiment, the expansion part 33 is an elastic band, and both ends of the elastic band are respectively connected to the outer ends of circumferentially adjacent rotating blades 32. The elastic band can be made of silicone or TPU materials. When the rotating blade 32 abuts against the bone marrow cavity wall, the elastic band is in a tensioned state, and at this time, the length of the elastic band is less than its maximum tensile length.

[0072] In the bone marrow cavity with an irregular cross-section, after some rotating blades 32 first abut against the bone marrow cavity wall, the distance between the outer ends of the rotating blades 32 that first abut against the bone marrow cavity wall and the outer ends of the rotating blades 32 that do not abut against the bone marrow cavity wall gradually increases as the rotating shaft 31 further rotates, and the tensile force on the elastic band gradually increases, thereby further expanding the rotating blades 32 that do not abut against the bone marrow cavity wall and promoting their abutment against the bone marrow cavity wall, and realizing the abutment positioning of all rotating blades 32 under a small rotation.

[0073] As a preferred embodiment, the transmission assembly 4 is arranged in the connection segment 12 and is in transmission connection with the rotating shaft 31; the transmission assembly includes a first transmission shaft 41, a second transmission shaft 42 and a bevel gear set 43; the first transmission shaft 41 is rotatably arranged in the connection segment 12 and is connected to the rotating shaft 31 through a universal joint; the second transmission shaft 42 is rotatably arranged in the connection segment 12, and its outer end is correspondingly arranged opposite to the adjustment channel; the bevel gear set 43 includes two meshing bevel gears, and the bevel gears are respectively arranged on the first transmission shaft 41 and the second transmission shaft 42, and the transmission between the first transmission shaft 41 and the second transmission shaft 42 is realized through the meshing action.

[0074] The driving mechanism includes a rotating arm 44 and a control part 45. The rotating arm 44 is splined to the second transmission shaft 42. The control part 45 is arranged on the rotating arm 44 to facilitate the operator to adjust the rotating arm 44. The user rotates the rotating arm 44 through the control part 45, driving the second transmission shaft 42, the bevel gear set 43 and the first transmission shaft 41 to rotate in sequence. The rotating shaft 31 rotates accordingly, and the rotating blade 32 extends out of the implant section 11, achieving positioning connection with the bone marrow cavity wall. After the rotating blade 32 is adjusted in place, the driving member is removed, and the transmission assembly 4 remains in the connection section 12. After the driving mechanism is removed, the adjustment channel is closed.

[0075] As a preferred embodiment, a sleeve is arranged outside the connection section 12. When an external driving mechanism needs to be connected, the sleeve is moved to be misaligned with the adjustment opening. After the external driving mechanism is removed, the sleeve is moved to the adjustment channel and positioned. The connection form between the sleeve and the connection section 12 includes but is not limited to threaded connection and sliding groove connection. When using sliding groove connection, after the sleeve is aligned with the adjustment opening of the connection section 12, screws or other structures are used for positioning.

[0076] In this embodiment, an intramedullary nail system for treating long bone fractures may further include an anti-rotation component 5. By means of the anti-rotation component 5, it is ensured that the rotating shaft 31 rotates unidirectionally within the implant section 11, avoiding the reverse rotation of the rotating shaft 31 after the transmission assembly 4 is removed, which may affect the positioning effect of the rotating blade 32. The anti-rotation component 5 can be a ratchet and pawl structure. The ratchet is arranged on the surface of the rotating shaft 31, and the pawl is arranged on the inner wall of the implant section 11, thereby ensuring that the rotating shaft 31 rotates unidirectionally in the direction of the rotation of the rotating blade 32. The ratchet and pawl structure can adopt a conventional ratchet and pawl structure for restricting unidirectional movement, so it will not be elaborated here. The anti-rotation component 5 is arranged in a staggered manner with the rotating blade 32 to avoid interfering with the rotation of the rotating blade 32.

[0077] The intramedullary nail system for treating long bone fractures provided in this embodiment can be used for the fracture fixation of long bones such as the humerus, radius, ulna, femur, and tibia. Embodiment 2

[0078] In Embodiment 2, the installation part 34 is a one-way bearing. At this time, the installation part 34 can ensure the unidirectional rotation of the rotating shaft 31, and there is no need to additionally set an anti-rotation component 5. Except for the above components, the rest of the structure in this embodiment is the same as that in Embodiment 1. Embodiment 3

[0079] In Example 3, the mounting portion 34 is a convex strip, which is arranged along the circumference of the implant segment 11, and a groove is provided on the surface of the rotating shaft 31 corresponding to the convex strip, and the groove cooperates with the convex strip to realize the rotation connection between the rotating shaft 31 and the implant segment 11. Optionally, the mounting portion 34 can also be set as a groove, and a convex strip is provided on the surface of the rotating shaft 31 corresponding to the groove, thereby realizing the rotation connection between the rotating shaft 31 and the implant segment 11. Except for the above components, the rest of the structure in this embodiment is the same as that in Example 1. Example 4

[0080] In Example 4, Figure 8 As shown, the expansion portion 33 is a support bar, one end of which contacts the side of the rotating blade 32 close to the first angle, and the other end is connected to the outer wall of the implant segment 11. The support bar is located within the first angle, providing a support force for the rotating blade 32 to deviate from its own bending direction. Except for the above components, the rest of the structure in this embodiment is the same as that in embodiment 1 or embodiment 3.

[0081] in addition, Figure 8 A first angle is also shown, wherein the first angle is denoted by α.

[0082] Finally, it should be noted that the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, it is still possible for those skilled in the art to modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments or to make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features therein. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An intramedullary nail system for treating long bone fractures, characterized in that, The intramedullary nail system includes: A rod-shaped main body having an implanted section and a connecting section connected to each other. A first cavity is provided inside the implanted section, and a second cavity is provided inside the connecting section. The first cavity and the second cavity are communicated. A plurality of through holes are provided on the wall of the implanted section surrounding the first cavity; A limiting component having a mounting portion, a rotating shaft, and a rotating blade. The mounting portion and the rotating shaft are both provided inside the first cavity. The mounting portion is fixedly connected to the wall of the implanted section. The rotating shaft passes through the mounting portion and is rotatably connected to the mounting portion. One end of the rotating blade is fixedly provided on the rotating shaft, and the other end is movably provided in the through hole or extends out of the through hole; A transmission component provided inside the second cavity and in transmission connection with the rotating shaft; A driving mechanism for driving the transmission component to rotate; A fixing component having a bone plate and bone screws. The bone plate is fixedly connected to the connecting section, and a plurality of channels for the bone screws to pass through are provided on the bone plate; wherein, The transmission component can rotate under the drive of the driving mechanism, thereby driving the rotating shaft to rotate, so that the rotating blade continues to rotate outward from the through hole and abuts against the wall of the marrow cavity; The rotating blade is made of a biocompatible material having bending performance and strength, and the biocompatible material is selected from any one of nitinol, polyurethane, and polytetrafluoroethylene; In the marrow cavity with an irregular cross-section, when some of the rotating blades first abut against the wall of the marrow cavity, if the rotating shaft is still rotating, these rotating blades will further undergo bending deformation until all the rotating blades abut against the wall of the marrow cavity and stop rotating.

2. The intramedullary nail system for treating long bone fractures according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating blade is in the shape of a curved cuboid. A plurality of curved cuboid-shaped rotating blades are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the rotating shaft, and the plurality of curved cuboid-shaped rotating blades form a rotating blade group.

3. The intramedullary nail system for treating long bone fractures according to claim 2, wherein: One rotating blade group has at least 3 curved cuboid-shaped rotating blades. Each curved cuboid-shaped rotating blade has a cross-section approximately in the shape of a curved rectangle along the circumferential direction of the rotating shaft. Both long sides of the curved rectangle are arcs. A first included angle is formed between the tangent along the rotating shaft and the tangent along the arc at the contact position of any long side of the curved rectangle and the rotating shaft, and the first included angle is an acute angle.

4. The intramedullary nail system for treating long bone fractures according to claim 2, wherein: The number of the rotating blade groups is not less than two, and the rotating blade groups are arranged at intervals along the extending direction of the implanted section.

5. The intramedullary nail system for treating long bone fractures according to claim 2, characterized in that: One end of two adjacent rotating blades in the rotating blade group away from the rotating shaft is connected by an expansion part, and the expansion part is an elastic band.

6. The intramedullary nail system for the treatment of long bone fractures according to claim 5, characterized in that: Two adjacent expansion parts are arranged staggeredly in the circumferential direction of the implanted section.

7. A intramedullary nail system for the treatment of long bone fractures according to claim 2, wherein: The rotating blades of two adjacent and spaced-apart rotating blade groups are arranged staggeredly along the extending direction of the implanted section.

8. The intramedullary nail system for the treatment of long bone fractures according to claim 1, characterized in that: An adjusting channel communicating with the second cavity is further provided on the wall of the connecting section, and the adjusting channel is used for the driving mechanism to drive the transmission component.

9. The intramedullary nail system for treating long bone fractures according to claim 8, wherein: The transmission assembly includes a first transmission shaft, a second transmission shaft and a bevel gear set; the first transmission shaft is rotatably arranged in the cavity and is connected to the rotating shaft through a universal joint; the second transmission shaft is rotatably arranged in the cavity, and its outer end is correspondingly arranged in the adjusting channel; the bevel gear set includes two meshing bevel gears, and the two meshing bevel gears are respectively arranged on the first transmission shaft and the second transmission shaft; The second transmission shaft is connected to the rotating arm of the driving mechanism through a spline, and the driving mechanism further has a control part.

10. The intramedullary nail system for the treatment of long bone fractures according to claim 1, wherein: The intramedullary nail system further includes an anti-rotation component, the anti-rotation component is a ratchet and pawl structure, the ratchet is arranged on the surface of the rotating shaft, and the pawl is arranged on the inner side of the wall of the implant section.

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