Wear detection device

Abstract

The invention discloses a wear detection device, belongs to the technical field of equipment wear detection, and aims to solve the technical problem of how to accurately position the wear degree of a working end of mechanical equipment so as to improve the working efficiency of the mechanical equipment. A non-conductor cutter is arranged at one end of the abrasion propelling structure, a flexible flat cable FPC is arranged below the non-conductor cutter and electrically connected with a circuit board, and a flexible flat cable FPC cut-off signal is obtained through the circuit board, so that the abrasion condition of the mechanical structure is obtained.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of equipment wear detection, in particular to a wear detection device. Background Art

[0002] During the operation of existing mechanical equipment (such as shield machines, drilling rigs, crawler engineering machinery, and rotary drilling rigs), severe wear and tear often occurs on the operating end, which cannot be discovered, causing accidents and unnecessary losses.

[0003] For example, the main component of a shield machine is the cutterhead. When the cutterhead is worn, it will directly affect the normal operation of the shield machine. At present, the detection of cutterhead wear on shield machines generally uses a high-pressure oil pipe, with the tail end exposed on the surface of the cutterhead. When the pipeline is worn, the oil pressure drops sharply, but this method has the disadvantages of being inaccurate and easy to cause pollution. In addition, a resistance ruler is also used to detect the wear of the cutterhead and scraper, but the resistance ruler is easy to shake back and forth, cannot be accurately measured, and is easily affected by temperature and inaccurate. Other structural components of the shield machine will also cause varying degrees of wear during use, but current technology cannot detect the wear of shield machine structural components (such as rollers) in a timely manner and maintain them.

[0004] Therefore, how to accurately locate the degree of wear on the operating end of mechanical equipment and thereby improve the working efficiency of the mechanical equipment is a technical problem that needs to be solved urgently. Summary of the invention

[0005] The technical task of the present invention is to provide a wear detection device to solve the problem of how to accurately locate the degree of wear of the working end of mechanical equipment, thereby improving the working efficiency of the mechanical equipment.

[0006] The technical task of the present invention is achieved in the following way: a wear detection device includes a wear promotion structure, a non-conductive cutter is provided at one end of the wear promotion structure, a flexible flat cable FPC is provided below the non-conductive cutter, the flexible flat cable FPC is electrically connected to a circuit board, a cutting signal of the flexible flat cable FPC is obtained through the circuit board, and then the wear condition of the mechanical structure is obtained.

[0007] Preferably, the wear advancement structure comprises an outer sleeve and a signal transmitting unit, a baffle is provided at the lower middle part of the outer sleeve, an inner sleeve is provided at the upper part of the outer sleeve, and the inner sleeve is located above the baffle; a guide column is provided on the inner side of the upper side of the outer sleeve, and the guide column cooperates with the outer wall of the inner sleeve to achieve position limiting;

[0008] A boss is provided at the middle position of the upper end surface of the inner sleeve, one end of the boss is located outside the outer sleeve, a non-conductor cutter is provided at the other end of the boss and one end of the non-conductor cutter is installed at the middle position of the boss, a flexible flat cable FPC is provided at the other end of the non-conductor cutter, a circuit board is installed on the baffle, and a power supply unit is provided under the baffle, and the power supply unit supplies power to the circuit board;

[0009] The circuit board is electrically connected to the signal transmitting unit, and the signal transmitting unit is used to convert the electrical signal into an optical signal and transmit it through the optical fiber.

[0010] More preferably, a limiting tooth is provided on one side of the guide column close to the outer wall of the inner sleeve, and a barbed tooth is provided on the outer wall of the inner sleeve, and the barbed tooth is engaged with the limiting tooth to achieve the purpose of limiting.

[0011] More preferably, a conductive connecting groove is provided on one side of the circuit board;

[0012] A conductive rod is arranged in the inner sleeve, one end of which is fixedly connected to the inner sleeve, and the other end of which cooperates with the conductive connecting groove. That is, in the initial state, the conductive rod is located above the circuit board, and gradually enters the conductive connecting groove as the conductive rod moves downward.

[0013] More preferably, a plurality of rows of metal tubes are provided at the other end of the non-conductor cutter, and both ends of the metal tubes are respectively connected to the electric wires on both sides of the metal tubes.

[0014] More preferably, the circuit board includes an integrated serial-to-output chip 1, an integrated serial-to-output chip 2, a resistor R1, a resistor R2, a resistor R3, a resistor R4, a resistor R5, a resistor R6, a resistor R7, a resistor R8, a power supply interval E1, a power supply interval E2, a power supply interval E3, a power supply interval E4, a power supply interval E5, a power supply interval E6, a power supply interval E7 and a power supply interval E8, a pin D0 on the integrated serial-to-output chip 1 is electrically connected to the resistor R1, a pin D1 on the integrated serial-to-output chip 1 is electrically connected to the resistor R2, a pin D2 on the integrated serial-to-output chip 1 is electrically connected to the resistor R3, and a pin D3 on the integrated serial-to-output chip 1 is electrically connected to the resistor R1. The resistor R4 is electrically connected, and the pin D4 on the serial output chip 1 is electrically connected to the resistor R5, and the pin D5 on the serial output chip 1 is electrically connected to the resistor R6, and the pin D6 on the serial output chip 1 is electrically connected to the resistor R7, and the pin D7 on the serial output chip 1 is electrically connected to the resistor R8; the resistor R1, the resistor R2, the resistor R3, the resistor R4, the resistor R5, the resistor R6, the resistor R7 and the resistor R8 are electrically connected to the power supply section E1, the power supply section E2, the power supply section E3, the power supply section E4, the power supply section E5, the power supply section E6, the power supply section E7 and the power supply section E8 through the flexible flat cable FPC respectively;

[0015] Pin D0 on the input-to-serial output chip two is connected to the power supply interval E1, pin D1 on the input-to-serial output chip two is connected to the power supply interval E2, pin D2 on the input-to-serial output chip two is connected to the power supply interval E3, pin D3 on the input-to-serial output chip two is connected to the power supply interval E4, pin D4 on the input-to-serial output chip two is connected to the power supply interval E5, pin D5 on the input-to-serial output chip two is connected to the power supply interval E6, pin D6 on the input-to-serial output chip two is connected to the power supply interval E7, pin D7 on the input-to-serial output chip two is connected to the power supply interval E8, and pin Q7 on the input-to-serial output chip two is connected to pin DS on the input-to-serial output chip one.

[0016] More preferably, a trigger is provided at the lowest wiring position of the power supply interval E2, the power supply interval E3, the power supply interval E4, the power supply interval E5, the power supply interval E6, the power supply interval E7 and the power supply interval E8, respectively; the power supply interval E1 is electrically connected to the conductive rod; and the power supply interval E2, the power supply interval E3, the power supply interval E4, the power supply interval E5, the power supply interval E6, the power supply interval E7 and the power supply interval E8 are respectively connected to the conductive rod through the trigger.

[0017] More preferably, diodes are provided at the connection locations between the power supply interval E2, the power supply interval E3, the power supply interval E4, the power supply interval E5, the power supply interval E6, the power supply interval E7 and the power supply interval E8 and the resistors R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7 and R8.

[0018] Preferably, the circuit board also includes an MCU and a display screen, the MCU is electrically connected to the input-to-serial-output chip one and the display screen respectively, the MCU is used to obtain data on the input-to-serial-output chip one, and the display screen is used to display the data obtained by the MCU.

[0019] More preferably, the serial-input-to-serial-output chip is electrically connected to a pulse generator.

[0020] Preferably, the working principle of the circuit board is as follows:

[0021] When the conductive rod contacts the circuit switch, the circuit is turned on, the power supply section E1 is energized, and the resistors R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, and R8 are all turned on, and are recorded as a high level by the parallel-to-serial chip. When the flexible flat cable FPC is cut off, the circuits in front of the path are all low levels;

[0022] When the eighth line of the power supply interval E1 is cut off, the negative-edge-conducting D-type trigger is started to operate. At this time, the power supply interval E2 is turned on, and the eight resistors R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, and R8 of the power supply interval E1 are reused. The operation principle of disconnecting the flexible flat cable FPC is the same as that of the power supply interval E1; at this time, the power supply intervals E1 and E2 are both high-level at the upstream of the flexible flat cable FPC, but at the downstream of the cable, the power supply interval E1 is low-level, and the power supply interval E2 is low-level in the disconnected area and high-level in the undisconnected area; the power supply intervals E3, E4, and E5 are not yet turned on, so they are all low-level. When the eighth cable in the power supply interval E2 is disconnected, the power supply interval E3 is started to energize;

[0023] The level status of the upstream power supply intervals E1, E2, E3, E4, E5, E6, E7 and E8 is transmitted to the parallel-to-serial chip 2, and then the serial signal is merged into the parallel-to-serial chip 1. The combined serial signal has a total of 16 bits, of which eight bits are the resistance on-off circuit, and the other eight bits are the on-off status of the power supply intervals E1, E2, E3, E4 and E5, and then the number of lines currently cut off is calculated, and the remaining precise distance of the non-conductor cutter relative to the critical point of wear is calculated;

[0024] The output signal of the parallel-to-serial chip is processed by the MCU and transmitted to the display screen for display, or directly drives the laser source or light-emitting diode and is directly transmitted to the central control system for display via optical fiber.

[0025] Preferably, the wear promotion structure includes a sleeve, a circuit board is set at one end of the sleeve, a push rod base is set at the other end of the sleeve, a push rod is set at one end of the push rod base, and a non-conductor cutter is set at the other end of the push rod base; a fixed groove is set on the inner side of the sleeve, the non-conductor cutter is located at one end of the fixed groove, the flexible flat cable FPC is set at the other end of the fixed groove, the flexible flat cable FPC is electrically connected to the circuit board and the flexible flat cable FPC is located on the moving path of the non-conductor cutter blade, and the side wall of the sleeve cooperates with the push rod base through a limiting mechanism.

[0026] More preferably, the limiting mechanism includes several groups of spring pins and several groups of oblique teeth corresponding to the spring pins, each group of spring pins is axially arranged on the side wall of the sleeve, and each group of oblique teeth is axially arranged on the outer wall of the push rod base, and the spring pins are engaged with the oblique teeth, that is, when the oblique teeth pass through the spring pins, the spring pins pop up, and the oblique teeth are reset and clamped by the rear spring pin.

[0027] More preferably, the limiting mechanism includes a helical tooth step groove and a helical tooth step boss arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the helical tooth step groove, and a plurality of groups of helical tooth step grooves are arranged, and the plurality of groups of helical tooth step grooves are circumferentially distributed on the inner wall of the sleeve, each group of helical tooth step grooves is axially arranged on the side wall of the sleeve, and adjacent groups of helical tooth step grooves are staggered according to a set phase difference; each group of helical tooth step bosses is axially arranged on the outer wall of the push rod base, and the helical tooth step grooves are snap-fitted with the helical tooth step bosses.

[0028] More preferably, the flexible flat cable FPC is an electric wire arranged with a specific period, and satisfies a phase-matching condition with the effective period of the limiting mechanism; wherein the effective period = the actual displacement period formed by the multiple groups of offset grooves.

[0029] More preferably, the circuit board includes an integrated serial-to-output chip, power supply interval E1, power supply interval E2, power supply interval E3, power supply interval E4, power supply interval E5, power supply interval E6, power supply interval E7...power supply interval En, and pins D0, pin D1, pin D2, pin D3, pin D4, pin D5, pin D6 and pin D7 on the integrated serial-to-output chip are respectively electrically connected to the power supply interval E1, power supply interval E2, power supply interval E3, power supply interval E4, power supply interval E5, power supply interval E6, power supply interval E7...power supply interval En through a flexible flat cable FPC, and pin D7 is respectively electrically connected to the downstream of the cutting breakpoint at the bottom end of the wiring of each power supply interval through a diode.

[0030] More preferably, the power supply interval E2, power supply interval E3, power supply interval E4, power supply interval E5, power supply interval E6, power supply interval E7 ... power supply interval En are respectively located downstream of the cutting breakpoint of the flexible flat cable FPC, and are electrically connected to a trigger, and the power supply interval E1 is electrically connected to the conductive rod, and the power supply interval E2, power supply interval E3, power supply interval E4, power supply interval E5, power supply interval E6, power supply interval E7 and power supply interval En are respectively connected to the power supply through a diode and a trigger;

[0031] The circuit board also includes an MCU or a counter, which is electrically connected to a serial-input-to-output chip, and the serial-input-to-output chip is electrically connected to a pulse generator.

[0032] More preferably, pins D0, D1, D2, D3, D4, D5, D6 and D7 on the parallel-input-to-serial-output chip are electrically connected to pull-down resistors R respectively, one end of the pull-down resistors are electrically connected to pins D0, D1, D2, D3, D4, D5, D6 and D7 on the parallel-input-to-serial-output chip, and the other ends of the pull-down resistors are grounded respectively.

[0033] Preferably, the working principle of the circuit board is as follows:

[0034] When the conductive rod contacts the circuit switch, the conduction circuit is started, the power supply area E1 is energized, all the lines in the power supply area E1 are turned on, and the parallel-input-serial-output chip records it as a high level. When the flexible flat cable FPC is cut off in sequence, the corresponding disconnection circuits are all converted to a low level.

[0035] When the eighth line of the power supply interval E1 is cut off, the negative-edge-conducting D-type flip-flop is started to output a high level. At this time, the power supply interval E2 is turned on, and the eight lines of the power supply interval E1 connected to the parallel-to-serial-output chip are reused. The operation principle of disconnecting the flexible flat cable FPC is the same as that of the power supply interval E1; at this time, the power supply interval E1 and the power supply interval E2 are both high levels upstream of the flexible flat cable FPC breakpoint, and downstream of the flexible flat cable FPC breakpoint, the power supply interval E1 is low and does not cause any interference to the pins of the parallel-to-serial-output chip, while the power supply interval E2 is low in the disconnection area and high in the undisconnected area; the power supply intervals E3 to En are not yet turned on, so they are all low levels and do not cause any interference to the pins of the parallel-to-serial-output chip. When the eighth flat cable of the power supply interval E2 is disconnected, the power supply interval E3 is started to be powered on;

[0036] The pulse generator generates a pulse signal and injects it into the serial output chip to generate an 8-bit serial output signal, which represents the high and low level states of the downstream of the corresponding power supply interval;

[0037] Pin D0 of the serial-to-serial output chip is connected to a positive counter. When the power supply interval E1 is not powered, pin D0 of the serial-to-serial output chip displays a low level. When the first flexible flat cable FPC is connected to the power supply, pin D0 of the serial-to-serial output chip displays a high level. When the first flexible flat cable FPC is cut off, pin D0 of the serial-to-serial output chip detects a low level, thus forming a complete pulse composed of positive and negative edge signals, making the positive counter +1. When the first line of the second interval is never powered on and then the line is cut off, the same situation as the first line of the power supply interval E1 is formed, and the positive counter is again +1. In this way, it is repeated in the power supply interval En. Each time the first line of the interval is turned on and then cut off, it is inferred from the number in the counter that the nth power supply interval has been entered; after the serial-to-serial output chip and the positive counter are combined, the state detection of the disconnection of an infinite number of lines in sequence can be known, so that the total number of lines currently cut off can be calculated, and the remaining precise distance of the critical point of relative wear of the non-conductor cutter can be inferred;

[0038] The input-to-serial output chip and the counter output signal are processed by the MCU and transmitted to the screen display or directly drive the laser source or light-emitting diode, and are directly transmitted to the central control system display via optical fiber.

[0039] More preferably, the circuit board includes multiple sequential power supply signal sources, a circuit breaker trigger, an integrated serial-to-output chip, power supply interval E1, power supply interval E2, power supply interval E3, power supply interval E4, power supply interval E5, power supply interval E6, power supply interval E7...power supply interval En; pins D0, D1, D2, D3, D4, D5, D6 and D7 on the integrated serial-to-output chip are electrically connected to the power supply interval E1, power supply interval E2, power supply interval E3, power supply interval E4, power supply interval E5, power supply interval E6, power supply interval E7...power supply interval En through a flexible flat cable FPC, respectively.

[0040] More preferably, the power supply interval E1, power supply interval E2, power supply interval E3, power supply interval E4, power supply interval E5, power supply interval E6, power supply interval E7...power supply interval En, the lowest wiring part is respectively downstream of the cutting breakpoint of the flexible flat cable FPC, and is electrically connected to a circuit breaker trigger through a diode, and the circuit breaker trigger is electrically connected to a multi-channel sequential power supply signal source pin T0; the power supply interval E1, power supply interval E2, power supply interval E3, power supply interval E4, power supply interval E5, power supply interval E6, power supply interval E7...power supply interval En are respectively connected to pins T1, pin T2, pin T3, pin T4, pin T5, pin T6, pin T7...pin Tn on the multi-channel sequential power supply signal source through diodes;

[0041] The circuit board also includes an MCU or a counter, which is electrically connected to a serial-input-to-output chip, and the serial-input-to-output chip is electrically connected to a pulse generator.

[0042] More preferably, pins D0, D1, D2, D3, D4, D5, D6 and D7 on the parallel-input-to-serial-output chip are electrically connected to pull-down resistors R respectively, one end of the pull-down resistors are electrically connected to pins D0, D1, D2, D3, D4, D5, D6 and D7 on the parallel-input-to-serial-output chip, and the other ends of the pull-down resistors are grounded respectively.

[0043] Preferably, the working principle of the circuit board is as follows:

[0044] When the multi-channel power supply signal source is activated, the pin T1 sends a high-level signal to the power supply interval E1, so that all the lines in the power supply interval E1 are turned on, and the parallel-input-serial-output chip records it as a high level. When the flexible flat cable FPC is cut off in sequence, the corresponding disconnection circuits are all converted to low levels;

[0045] When the eighth line of the power supply interval E1 is cut off, the circuit breaker trigger is started to output a pulse signal to the multi-channel sequential power supply signal source pin T0. At this time, the multi-channel sequential power supply signal source switches the output high-level signal to the pin T2, so that the power supply interval E2 is turned on, and the eight lines of the power supply interval E1 connected to the parallel-to-serial-output chip are reused. The operation principle of disconnecting the flexible cable FPC is the same as that of the power supply interval E1. At this time, except for the power supply interval E2, the other power supply intervals are not turned on, so they are all low-level and do not cause any interference to the pins of the parallel-to-serial-output chip. When the eighth cable of the power supply interval E2 is disconnected, the power supply interval E3 is started to start powering on;

[0046] The pulse generator generates a pulse signal and injects it into the serial output chip to generate an 8-bit serial signal, representing the high and low level states of the downstream of the power supply interval;

[0047] Pin D0 of the serial-to-output chip is connected to a positive counter. When the power supply interval E1 is not powered, pin D0 of the serial-to-output chip displays a low level. When the first flexible flat cable FPC conducts a high level signal, pin D0 of the serial-to-output chip displays a high level. When the first flexible flat cable FPC is cut off, pin D0 of the serial-to-output chip detects a low level, thus forming a complete pulse composed of positive and negative edge signals, making the positive counter +1. When the first line of the second interval is never powered on and then the line is cut off, the same situation as the first line of the power supply interval E1 is formed, and the positive counter is again +1. In this way, it is repeated in the power supply interval En. Each time the first line of the interval is turned on and then cut off, it is inferred from the number of the counter that it has entered the nth power supply interval; after the serial-to-output chip and the positive counter are combined, the on-off status detection of an infinite number of lines can be obtained, so that the number of lines currently cut off can be calculated, and the remaining precise distance of the critical point of relative wear of the non-conductor cutter can be inferred;

[0048] The input-to-serial output chip and the counter output signal are processed by the MCU and transmitted to the screen display or directly drive the laser source or light-emitting diode, and are directly transmitted to the central control system display via optical fiber.

[0049] The wear detection device of the present invention has the following advantages:

[0050] (1) The present invention adopts limiting teeth and corresponding inner and outer sleeves, and adjacent limiting mechanisms have a set phase difference, so that the effective actual displacement period is smaller than the period of each limiting tooth, so as to improve the displacement detection accuracy. When the rock collides with the push pin, the limiting teeth and the non-conductor cutter are pushed forward to achieve the purpose of accurate positioning detection (not afraid of interference from strong environmental vibrations, etc.), calculate the total number of circuits that are disconnected in real time and in sequence, and then obtain the wear positioning information and make an early warning;

[0051] (ii) The flexible flat cable FPC of the present invention covers the entire circuit area and is parallel to the circuit. The flexible flat cable FPC is attached to the inner wall of the outer sleeve with glue. The cable sockets at both ends of the flexible flat cable FPC are buried in the outer sleeve to avoid affecting the advancement of the cutting line. The hollow area of ​​the cutting line can accommodate the entire laminated circuit board. The mechanical area / circuit area / battery and cable area can be disassembled or combined with each other for easy maintenance. When replacing the flexible flat cable FPC, only the cable sockets on both sides need to be opened to achieve replacement. On the inner wall of the outer sleeve, below the flexible flat cable FPC, there is a non-conductive cutter travel guide to avoid the cutter's straight path being affected by external forces;

[0052] (iii) The present invention moves the diode to the front of the power supply interval E1 to En, thus saving a lot of space;

[0053] (iv) The present invention adopts a high-hardness push rod. The roller cutter will be affected by high external water pressure or soil pressure underground, so that the wear-resistant probe is quickly pushed inward by the external pressure, which cannot represent the real metal wear position. The diameter of the probe is reduced and is used to tightly hoop the wear protection sleeve to increase the moving friction, which can greatly reduce the impact of the wear-resistant thin rod being pushed by external pressure;

[0054] (V) A resistance spring is added inside the sleeve of the present invention to provide a rebound thrust to counteract the force of the push rod being pushed inward by external pressure;

[0055] (VI) The present invention can add coarse and fine racks in parallel to the barbed teeth, the coarse teeth provide a solid structure to block the resistance spring, and the fine teeth provide accurate displacement detection;

[0056] (VII) The present invention can be used in multiple forms at the same time, with three-dimensional superposition and an angle between them, to achieve multi-angle and multi-dimensional detection.

[0057] The invention has the characteristics of reasonable design, simple structure, easy processing, small size, convenient use, multi-purpose, etc., and therefore has good promotion and use value. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0058] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0059] Attached Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a fixed-point cutter disc and scraper wear positioning detection device;

[0060] Attached Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the guide pin and the inner sleeve;

[0061] Attached Figure 3 The schematic diagram of the circuit board;

[0062] Attached Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of Example 1;

[0063] Attached Figure 5It is a structural schematic diagram of Example 2;

[0064] Attached Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the sleeve;

[0065] Attached Figure 7 For attachment Figure 6 Axial section view along AA in the middle;

[0066] Attached Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the circuit board;

[0067] Attached Fig. 9 A schematic diagram of the structure of a circuit board for adding a pull-down resistor;

[0068] Attached Fig.10 A schematic diagram of the structure of the protective cover.

[0069] In the figure: 1, outer sleeve, 2, baffle, 3, inner sleeve, 4, guide column, 5, boss, 6, non-conductor cutter, 7, flexible flat cable FPC, 8, circuit board, 9, power supply unit, 10, limit teeth, 11, barb teeth, 12, conductive connecting groove, 13, conductive rod, 14, sleeve, 15, push rod base, 16, push rod, 17, fixing groove, 18, spring pin, 19, oblique tooth pattern, 20, oblique tooth stepped groove, 21, oblique tooth stepped boss, 22, resistance spring, 23, protective cover, 24, stepped hole, 25, conical boss. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0070] The wear detection device of the present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0071] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside" and the like indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description. They do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operate in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation of the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0072] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0073] Embodiment 1:

[0074] The present embodiment provides a wear detection device, which includes a wear advancement structure. A non-conductive cutter is provided at one end of the wear advancement structure. A flexible flat cable FPC is provided below the non-conductive cutter. The flexible flat cable FPC is electrically connected to a circuit board. A cut-off signal of the flexible flat cable FPC is obtained through the circuit board to obtain the wear condition of the mechanical structure.

[0075] As attached Figure 1 As shown, the wear promotion structure includes an outer sleeve 1 and a signal transmitting unit, a baffle 2 is installed at the lower middle part of the outer sleeve 1, an inner sleeve 3 is installed at the upper part of the outer sleeve 1, and the inner sleeve 3 is located above the baffle 2; four evenly distributed guide pillars 4 are installed on the inner side of the upper side of the outer sleeve 1, and the guide pillars 4 cooperate with the outer wall of the inner sleeve 3 to achieve limiting; a boss 5 is installed at the middle position of the upper end surface of the inner sleeve 3, one end of the boss 5 is located outside the outer sleeve 1, and a ceramic cutter 6 is installed at the other end of the boss 5, one end of the ceramic cutter 6 is installed at the middle position of the boss 5, and a flexible flat cable FPC 7 is installed at the other end of the ceramic cutter 6, and the flexible flat cable FPC 7 is electrically connected to a circuit board 8, which is installed on the baffle 2, and a power supply unit 9 is installed below the baffle 2, and the power supply unit 9 supplies power to the circuit board 8;

[0076] The circuit board 8 is electrically connected to the signal transmitting unit, and the signal transmitting unit is used to convert the electrical signal into an optical signal and transmit it through the optical fiber.

[0077] As attached Figure 2 As shown, in this embodiment, a limiting tooth 10 is provided on one side of the guide post 4 close to the outer wall of the inner sleeve 3, and a barb tooth 11 is provided on the outer wall of the inner sleeve 3. The barb tooth 11 meshes with the limiting tooth 10 to achieve the purpose of limiting.

[0078] A conductive connecting groove 12 is provided on one side of the circuit board 8 in this embodiment; a conductive rod 13 is installed in the inner sleeve 3, one end of the conductive rod 13 is fixedly connected to the inner sleeve 3, and the other end of the conductive rod 13 cooperates with the conductive connecting groove 12, that is, in the initial state, the conductive rod 13 is located above the circuit board 8, and as the conductive rod 13 moves downward, it gradually enters the conductive connecting groove 12.

[0079] As attached Figure 3As shown, the circuit board 8 in this embodiment includes an integrated serial-to-serial output chip 1, an integrated serial-to-serial output chip 2, a resistor R1, a resistor R2, a resistor R3, a resistor R4, a resistor R5, a resistor R6, a resistor R7, a resistor R8, a power supply interval E1, a power supply interval E2, a power supply interval E3, a power supply interval E4, a power supply interval E5, a power supply interval E6, a power supply interval E7 and a power supply interval E8, a pin D0 on the integrated serial-to-serial output chip 1 is electrically connected to the resistor R1, a pin D1 on the integrated serial-to-serial output chip 1 is electrically connected to the resistor R2, a pin D2 on the integrated serial-to-serial output chip 1 is electrically connected to the resistor R3 ... and a pin D0 on the integrated serial-to-serial output chip 1 is electrically connected to the resistor R1. D3 is electrically connected to resistor R4, and is incorporated into pin D4 on the serial output chip 1 and electrically connected to resistor R5, and is incorporated into pin D5 on the serial output chip 1 and electrically connected to resistor R6, and is incorporated into pin D6 on the serial output chip 1 and electrically connected to resistor R7, and is incorporated into pin D7 on the serial output chip 1 and electrically connected to resistor R8; resistors R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7 and R8 are electrically connected to power supply section E1, power supply section E2, power supply section E3, power supply section E4, power supply section E5, power supply section E6, power supply section E7 and power supply section E8 respectively through flexible flat cable FPC;

[0080] Pin D0 on the second input-to-serial output chip is connected to the power supply interval E1, pin D1 on the second input-to-serial output chip is connected to the power supply interval E2, pin D2 on the second input-to-serial output chip is connected to the power supply interval E3, pin D3 on the second input-to-serial output chip is connected to the power supply interval E4, pin D4 on the second input-to-serial output chip is connected to the power supply interval E5, pin D5 on the second input-to-serial output chip is connected to the power supply interval E6, pin D6 on the second input-to-serial output chip is connected to the power supply interval E7, pin D7 on the second input-to-serial output chip is connected to the power supply interval E8, and pin Q7 on the second input-to-serial output chip is connected to pin DS on the first input-to-serial output chip;

[0081] A trigger is respectively provided at the lowest wiring position of the power supply section E2, the power supply section E3, the power supply section E4, the power supply section E5, the power supply section E6, the power supply section E7 and the power supply section E8. The power supply section E1 is electrically connected to the conductive rod, and the power supply section E2, the power supply section E3, the power supply section E4, the power supply section E5, the power supply section E6, the power supply section E7 and the power supply section E8 are respectively connected to the conductive rod through the trigger.

[0082] In this embodiment, diodes are provided at the connection points between the power supply interval E2, the power supply interval E3, the power supply interval E4, the power supply interval E5, the power supply interval E6, the power supply interval E7 and the power supply interval E8 and the resistors R1, the resistor R2, the resistor R3, the resistor R4, the resistor R5, the resistor R6, the resistor R7 and the resistor R8 to prevent backflow.

[0083] The circuit board 8 in this embodiment also includes an MCU and a display screen. The MCU is electrically connected to the input-to-serial-output chip 1 and the display screen respectively. The MCU is used to obtain data on the input-to-serial-output chip 1, and the display screen is used to display the data obtained by the MCU.

[0084] The parallel-input-to-serial-output chip 1 in this embodiment is electrically connected to a pulse generator, and the pulse generator is used to drive the parallel-input-to-serial-output chip 1 to work.

[0085] The working principle of the circuit board 8 in this embodiment is as follows:

[0086] When the conductive rod contacts the circuit switch, the circuit is turned on, the power supply section E1 is energized, and the resistors R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, and R8 are all turned on, and are recorded as high level by the parallel-to-serial chip. When the flexible flat cable FPC is cut off, the circuits in front of the path are all low level. For example, if the third path is broken, the first to third paths are all low level, and the fourth to eighth paths are all high level.

[0087] When the eighth line of the power supply interval E1 is cut off, the negative-edge-conducting D-type trigger is started to operate. At this time, the power supply interval E2 is turned on, and the eight resistors R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, and R8 of the power supply interval E1 are reused. The operation principle of disconnecting the flexible flat cable FPC is the same as that of the power supply interval E1; at this time, the power supply interval E1 and the power supply interval E2 are both high-level at the upstream of the flexible flat cable FPC, but at the downstream of the cable, the power supply interval E1 is low-level, and the power supply interval E2 is low-level in the disconnected area and high-level in the undisconnected area; the power supply intervals E3, E4, and E5 are not yet turned on, so they are all low-level. When the eighth cable in the power supply interval E2 is disconnected, the power supply interval E3 is started to be energized;

[0088] The level status of the upstream power supply intervals E1, E2, E3, E4, E5, E6, E7 and E8 is transmitted to the parallel-to-serial chip 2, and then the serial signal is merged into the parallel-to-serial chip 1. The combined serial signal has a total of 16 bits, the first eight bits are the resistance on-off circuit, and the last eight bits are the on-off status of the power supply intervals E1, E2, E3, E4 and E5, and then the number of lines currently cut off is calculated, and the remaining precise distance of the critical point of relative wear of the non-conductor cutter is deduced;

[0089] The output signal of the parallel-to-serial chip is processed by the MCU and transmitted to the display screen for display, or directly drives the laser source or light-emitting diode and is directly transmitted to the central control system for display via optical fiber.

[0090] The first parallel-to-serial chip and the second parallel-to-serial chip use 74HC165 or 74LV165D.

[0091] The serial electronic signal (cable open circuit + power supply interval) in the circuit board drives and modulates the intensity of the light source and is transmitted through the optical fiber. For example: (0000100011100) represents the path through R1=R2=R3=R4=R6=R7=R8=0, low potential or non-conduction, R5=1, E1=E2=E3=1 (high potential), E4=E5=0, representing the fifth resistor in the third interval, which is currently powered on, that is, the resistor circuits numbered 1-20 are all cut off, and each FPC line occupies a width of 0.5mm. Therefore, the current system has been cut into 0.5mm*20=10mm by the blade, which means that when counting from zero, it has now penetrated 10mm deep. If the wear warning point of the blade and scraper is set at the place where the 30th line is cut off, then there is still 5mm away from the wear warning point.

[0092] Embodiment 2:

[0093] The difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment is that: a plurality of rows of metal tubes are installed at the other end of the non-conductive cutter, and the two ends of the metal tubes are respectively connected to the wires on both sides of the metal tubes. The other structures, connection relationships and position relationships are the same as those of the first embodiment.

[0094] Among them, the metal hollow tube with a diameter of only 0.38mm, when multiple metal hollow tubes are close to each other and maintain a small gap, they are arranged neatly and fixed on the substrate (such as plastic or metal buckle). When the cutting knife descends, it touches the metal hollow tube and causes the circuit to break. In this way, the wear points of the cutter disc and scraper can be determined. The fallen metal tube can be collected and fixed back to the plastic buckle for use, which is more environmentally friendly. The metal buckle for fixing the hollow metal tube can refer to the metal fixing base of the traditional fuse.

[0095] Embodiment 3:

[0096] As attached Figure 4 , 6 As shown in Figure 7, the wear promotion structure includes a sleeve 14, a circuit board 8 is installed at one end of the sleeve 14, a push rod base 15 is installed at the other end of the sleeve 14, a push rod 16 is installed at one end of the push rod base 15, and a non-conductor cutter 6 is installed at the other end of the push rod base 15; a fixing groove 17 is opened on the inner side of the sleeve 14, the non-conductor cutter 6 is located at one end of the fixing groove 17, and a flexible flat cable FPC 7 is installed at the other end of the fixing groove 17, the flexible flat cable FPC 7 is electrically connected to the circuit board 8 and the flexible flat cable FPC 7 is located below the blade of the non-conductor cutter 6, and the side wall of the sleeve 14 cooperates with the push rod base 15 through a limiting mechanism.

[0097] The limiting mechanism in this embodiment includes a plurality of groups of spring pins 18 and a plurality of groups of oblique teeth 19 corresponding to the spring pins 18. Each group of spring pins 18 is axially mounted on the side wall of the sleeve 14, and each group of oblique teeth 19 is axially mounted on the outer wall of the push rod base 15. The spring pins 18 and the oblique teeth 19 are engaged with each other, that is, when the oblique teeth 19 pass through the spring pins 18, the spring pins 18 pop up, and the oblique teeth 19 are reset and clamped by the spring pins 18. A resistance spring 22 is installed at one end of the sleeve 14 away from the flexible flat cable FPC7. The resistance spring 22 is used to assist in supporting the push rod 16 to prevent the push rod 16 from being easily pushed into the sleeve 14. A protective cover 23 is installed on the outside of the push rod 16, and a stepped hole 24 is provided in the protective cover 23, as shown in the attached figure. Fig.10 As shown, the push rod base 15 and the push rod 16 are correspondingly installed in the stepped hole 24 of the protective sleeve 23, and the stepped hole 24 of the protective sleeve 23 is respectively interference fit with the push rod 16 and the push rod base 15. One end of the push rod 16 is fixedly connected to the push rod base 15, and the other end of the push rod 16 is provided with a conical boss 25, and the outer end surface of the conical boss 25 is flush with the end surface of the protective sleeve 23 away from the sleeve 14.

[0098] The flexible flat cable FPC7 is an electric wire arranged in a specific period, and satisfies a phase-matching condition with the effective period of the limiting mechanism; wherein the effective period = the actual displacement period formed by the multiple groups of offset grooves.

[0099] Embodiment 4:

[0100] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 3 is that: Figure 5 As shown, the limiting mechanism includes a helical step groove 20 and a helical step boss 21 corresponding to the helical step groove 20. The helical step groove 21 is provided with a plurality of groups, and the plurality of groups of helical step grooves 21 are circumferentially distributed on the inner side wall of the sleeve 14. Each group of helical step grooves 21 is axially distributed on the side wall of the sleeve 14, and adjacent groups of helical step grooves 21 are staggered according to a specific phase difference; each group of helical step boss 21 is axially distributed on the outer side wall of the push rod base 15, and the helical step groove 20 is engaged with the helical step boss 21. Other structures, connection relationships and positional relationships are the same as those in Example 1.

[0101] Embodiment 5:

[0102] As attached Figure 8As shown, the circuit board 8 in this embodiment includes an integrated serial-to-output chip, a power supply interval E1, a power supply interval E2, a power supply interval E3, a power supply interval E4, a power supply interval E5, a power supply interval E6, a power supply interval E7...a power supply interval En, and pins D0, D1, D2, D3, D4, D5, D6 and D7 on the integrated serial-to-output chip are respectively electrically connected to the power supply interval E1, the power supply interval E2, the power supply interval E3, the power supply interval E4, the power supply interval E5, the power supply interval E6, the power supply interval E7...a power supply interval En through a flexible flat cable FPC, and pin D7 is respectively electrically connected to the downstream of the cut breakpoint at the bottom end of the wiring of each power supply interval through a diode.

[0103] In this embodiment, the power supply intervals E2, E3, E4, E5, E6, E7, ..., En are respectively located downstream of the cut breakpoint of the flexible flat cable FPC, and are electrically connected to a trigger, and the power supply interval E1 is electrically connected to the conductive rod, and the power supply intervals E2, E3, E4, E5, E6, E7, and En are respectively connected to the power supply through diodes and triggers;

[0104] The circuit board also includes an MCU or a counter, which is electrically connected to a serial-input-to-output chip, and the serial-input-to-output chip is electrically connected to a pulse generator.

[0105] In this embodiment, pins D0, D1, D2, D3, D4, D5, D6 and D7 on the parallel-input to serial-output chip are electrically connected to pull-down resistors R, one end of the pull-down resistors is electrically connected to pins D0, D1, D2, D3, D4, D5, D6 and D7 on the parallel-input to serial-output chip, and the other ends of the pull-down resistors are grounded.

[0106] The working principle of the circuit board in this embodiment is as follows:

[0107] When the conductive rod touches the circuit switch, the conduction circuit is started, and the power supply area E1 is energized. All the lines in this area are turned on and recorded as high level by the parallel-input-serial-output chip. When the flexible flat cable FPC is cut off in sequence, the corresponding disconnection circuits are converted to low level.

[0108] When the eighth line of the power supply interval E1 is cut off, the negative-edge-conducting D-type flip-flop is started to output a high level. At this time, the power supply interval E2 is turned on, and the eight lines of the power supply interval E1 connected to the parallel-to-serial-output chip are reused. The operation principle of disconnecting the flexible flat cable FPC is the same as that of the power supply interval E1; at this time, the power supply interval E1 and the power supply interval E2 are both high levels upstream of the flexible flat cable FPC breakpoint, and downstream of the flexible flat cable FPC breakpoint, the power supply interval E1 is low and does not cause any interference to the pins of the parallel-to-serial-output chip, while the power supply interval E2 is low in the disconnection area and high in the undisconnected area; the power supply intervals E3 to En are not yet turned on, so they are all low levels and do not cause any interference to the pins of the parallel-to-serial-output chip. When the eighth flat cable of the power supply interval E2 is disconnected, the power supply interval E3 is started to be powered on;

[0109] The pulse generator generates a pulse signal and injects it into the serial output chip to generate an 8-bit serial output signal, which represents the high and low level states of the downstream of the corresponding power supply interval;

[0110] Pin D0 of the serial-to-serial output chip is connected to a positive counter. When the power supply interval E1 is not powered, pin D0 of the serial-to-serial output chip displays a low level. When the first flexible flat cable FPC is connected to the power supply, pin D0 of the serial-to-serial output chip displays a high level. When the first flexible flat cable FPC is cut off, pin D0 of the serial-to-serial output chip detects a low level, thus forming a complete pulse composed of positive and negative edge signals, making the positive counter +1. When the first line of the second interval is never powered on and then the line is cut off, the same situation as the first line of the power supply interval E1 is formed, and the positive counter is again +1. In this way, it is repeated in the power supply interval En. Each time the first line of the interval is turned on and then cut off, it is inferred from the number in the counter that the nth power supply interval has been entered; after the serial-to-serial output chip and the positive counter are combined, the state detection of the disconnection of an infinite number of lines in sequence can be known, so that the total number of lines currently cut off can be calculated, and the remaining precise distance of the critical point of relative wear of the non-conductor cutter can be inferred;

[0111] The input-to-serial output chip and the counter output signal are processed by the MCU and transmitted to the screen display or directly drive the laser source or light-emitting diode, and are directly transmitted to the central control system display via optical fiber.

[0112] Embodiment 6:

[0113] As attached Fig. 9As shown, the circuit board 8 in this embodiment includes a multi-channel sequential power supply signal source, a circuit breaker trigger, an integrated serial output chip, a power supply interval E1, a power supply interval E2, a power supply interval E3, a power supply interval E4, a power supply interval E5, a power supply interval E6, a power supply interval E7...power supply interval En; pins D0, D1, D2, D3, D4, D5, D6 and D7 on the integrated serial output chip are electrically connected to the power supply interval E1, the power supply interval E2, the power supply interval E3, the power supply interval E4, the power supply interval E5, the power supply interval E6, the power supply interval E7...power supply interval En through a flexible flat cable FPC.

[0114] In the present embodiment, the power supply interval E1, the power supply interval E2, the power supply interval E3, the power supply interval E4, the power supply interval E5, the power supply interval E6, the power supply interval E7 ... the power supply interval En, the lowest wiring part is respectively downstream of the cutting breakpoint of the flexible flat cable FPC, and is electrically connected to a circuit breaker trigger through a diode, and the circuit breaker trigger is electrically connected to a multi-channel sequential power supply signal source pin T0; the power supply interval E1, the power supply interval E2, the power supply interval E3, the power supply interval E4, the power supply interval E5, the power supply interval E6, the power supply interval E7 ... the power supply interval En are respectively connected to the pins T1, the pin T2, the pin T3, the pin T4, the pin T5, the pin T6, the pin T7 ... the pin Tn on the multi-channel sequential power supply signal source through diodes;

[0115] The circuit board also includes an MCU or a counter, which is electrically connected to a serial-input-to-output chip, and the serial-input-to-output chip is electrically connected to a pulse generator.

[0116] In this embodiment, pins D0, D1, D2, D3, D4, D5, D6 and D7 on the parallel-input to serial-output chip are electrically connected to pull-down resistors R, one end of the pull-down resistors is electrically connected to pins D0, D1, D2, D3, D4, D5, D6 and D7 on the parallel-input to serial-output chip, and the other ends of the pull-down resistors are grounded.

[0117] The working principle of the circuit board in this embodiment is as follows:

[0118] When the multi-channel power supply signal source is activated, the pin T1 sends a high-level signal to the power supply interval E1, so that all the lines in the power supply interval E1 are turned on, and the parallel-input-serial-output chip records it as a high level. When the flexible flat cable FPC is cut off in sequence, the corresponding disconnection circuits are all converted to low levels;

[0119] When the eighth line of the power supply interval E1 is cut off, the circuit breaker trigger is started to output a pulse signal to the multi-channel sequential power supply signal source pin T0. At this time, the multi-channel sequential power supply signal source switches the output high-level signal to the pin T2, so that the power supply interval E2 is turned on, and the eight lines of the power supply interval E1 connected to the parallel-to-serial-output chip are reused. The operation principle of disconnecting the flexible cable FPC is the same as that of the power supply interval E1. At this time, except for the power supply interval E2, the other power supply intervals are not turned on, so they are all low-level and do not cause any interference to the pins of the parallel-to-serial-output chip. When the eighth cable of the power supply interval E2 is disconnected, the power supply interval E3 is started to start powering on;

[0120] The pulse generator generates a pulse signal and injects it into the serial output chip to generate an 8-bit serial signal, representing the high and low level states of the downstream of the power supply interval;

[0121] Pin D0 of the serial-to-output chip is connected to a positive counter. When the power supply interval E1 is not powered, pin D0 of the serial-to-output chip displays a low level. When the first flexible flat cable FPC conducts a high level signal, pin D0 of the serial-to-output chip displays a high level. When the first flexible flat cable FPC is cut off, pin D0 of the serial-to-output chip detects a low level, thus forming a complete pulse composed of positive and negative edge signals, making the positive counter +1. When the first line of the second interval is never powered on and then the line is cut off, the same situation as the first line of the power supply interval E1 is formed, and the positive counter is again +1. In this way, it is repeated in the power supply interval En. Each time the first line of the interval is turned on and then cut off, it is inferred from the number of the counter that it has entered the nth power supply interval; after the serial-to-output chip and the positive counter are combined, the on-off status detection of an infinite number of lines can be obtained, so that the number of lines currently cut off can be calculated, and the remaining precise distance of the critical point of relative wear of the non-conductor cutter can be inferred;

[0122] The input-to-serial output chip and the counter output signal are processed by the MCU and transmitted to the screen display or directly drive the laser source or light-emitting diode, and are directly transmitted to the central control system display via optical fiber.

[0123] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein with equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A wear detection device, characterized in that: It includes a wear promotion structure, a non-conductor cutter is arranged at one end of the wear promotion structure, a flexible flat cable FPC is arranged below the non-conductor cutter, the flexible flat cable FPC is electrically connected to the circuit board, the flexible flat cable FPC cutting signal is obtained through the circuit board, and then the wear condition of the mechanical structure is obtained.

2. The wear detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wear advancement structure comprises an outer sleeve and a signal transmitting unit, a baffle is arranged at the lower middle part of the outer sleeve, an inner sleeve is arranged at the upper part of the outer sleeve, and the inner sleeve is located above the baffle; a guide column is arranged on the inner side of the upper side of the outer sleeve, and the guide column cooperates with the outer wall of the inner sleeve to realize position limiting; A boss is provided at the middle position of the upper end surface of the inner sleeve, one end of the boss is located outside the outer sleeve, a non-conductor cutter is provided at the other end of the boss and one end of the non-conductor cutter is installed at the middle position of the boss, a flexible flat cable FPC is provided at the other end of the non-conductor cutter, a circuit board is installed on the baffle, and a power supply unit is provided under the baffle, and the power supply unit supplies power to the circuit board; The circuit board is electrically connected to the signal transmitting unit, and the signal transmitting unit is used to convert the electrical signal into an optical signal and transmit it through the optical fiber.

3. The fixed-point cutter disc and scraper wear positioning detection device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A limiting tooth is arranged on one side of the guide post close to the outer wall of the inner sleeve, and a barb tooth is arranged on the outer wall of the inner sleeve. The barb tooth meshes with the limiting tooth to achieve the purpose of limiting.

4. The fixed-point cutter disc and scraper wear positioning detection device according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: A conductive connecting groove is provided on one side of the circuit board; A conductive rod is arranged in the inner sleeve, one end of which is fixedly connected to the inner sleeve, and the other end of which cooperates with the conductive connecting groove. That is, in the initial state, the conductive rod is located above the circuit board, and gradually enters the conductive connecting groove as the conductive rod moves downward.

5. The fixed-point cutter disc and scraper wear positioning detection device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A plurality of rows of metal tubes are arranged at the other end of the non-conductor cutter, and the two ends of the metal tubes are respectively connected to the electric wires at both sides of the metal tubes.

6. The fixed-point cutter disc and scraper wear positioning detection device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The circuit board includes an integrated serial-to-serial output chip 1, an integrated serial-to-serial output chip 2, a resistor R1, a resistor R2, a resistor R3, a resistor R4, a resistor R5, a resistor R6, a resistor R7, a resistor R8, a power supply interval E1, a power supply interval E2, a power supply interval E3, a power supply interval E4, a power supply interval E5, a power supply interval E6, a power supply interval E7 and a power supply interval E8, a pin D0 on the integrated serial-to-serial output chip 1 is electrically connected to the resistor R1, a pin D1 on the integrated serial-to-serial output chip 1 is electrically connected to the resistor R2, a pin D2 on the integrated serial-to-serial output chip 1 is electrically connected to the resistor R3, and a pin D3 on the integrated serial-to-serial output chip 1 is electrically connected to the resistor R1. Connect resistor R4, merge into pin D4 on serial output chip 1 and electrically connect resistor R5, merge into pin D5 on serial output chip 1 and electrically connect resistor R6, merge into pin D6 on serial output chip 1 and electrically connect resistor R7, merge into pin D7 on serial output chip 1 and electrically connect resistor R8; resistor R1, resistor R2, resistor R3, resistor R4, resistor R5, resistor R6, resistor R7 and resistor R8 are electrically connected to power supply section E1, power supply section E2, power supply section E3, power supply section E4, power supply section E5, power supply section E6, power supply section E7 and power supply section E8 respectively through flexible flat cable FPC; Pin D0 on the input-to-serial output chip two is connected to the power supply interval E1, pin D1 on the input-to-serial output chip two is connected to the power supply interval E2, pin D2 on the input-to-serial output chip two is connected to the power supply interval E3, pin D3 on the input-to-serial output chip two is connected to the power supply interval E4, pin D4 on the input-to-serial output chip two is connected to the power supply interval E5, pin D5 on the input-to-serial output chip two is connected to the power supply interval E6, pin D6 on the input-to-serial output chip two is connected to the power supply interval E7, pin D7 on the input-to-serial output chip two is connected to the power supply interval E8, and pin Q7 on the input-to-serial output chip two is connected to pin DS on the input-to-serial output chip one.

7. The fixed-point cutter disc and scraper wear positioning detection device according to claim 6, characterized in that: A trigger is respectively provided at the lowest wiring position of the power supply interval E2, the power supply interval E3, the power supply interval E4, the power supply interval E5, the power supply interval E6, the power supply interval E7 and the power supply interval E8, the power supply interval E1 is electrically connected to the conductive rod, and the power supply interval E2, the power supply interval E3, the power supply interval E4, the power supply interval E5, the power supply interval E6, the power supply interval E7 and the power supply interval E8 are respectively connected to the conductive rod through the trigger.

8. The fixed-point cutter disc and scraper wear positioning detection device according to claim 7, characterized in that: Diodes are provided at the connection locations between the power supply interval E2, the power supply interval E3, the power supply interval E4, the power supply interval E5, the power supply interval E6, the power supply interval E7 and the power supply interval E8 and the resistors R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7 and R8.

9. The fixed-point cutter disc and scraper wear positioning detection device according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that: The circuit board also includes an MCU and a display screen. The MCU is electrically connected to the input-to-serial-output chip 1 and the display screen respectively. The MCU is used to obtain data on the input-to-serial-output chip 1, and the display screen is used to display the data obtained by the MCU.

10. The fixed-point cutter disc and scraper wear positioning detection device according to claim 9, characterized in that: The first parallel-input-to-serial-output chip is electrically connected to a pulse generator.

11. The fixed-point cutter disc and scraper wear positioning detection device according to claim 10, characterized in that: The working principle of the circuit board is as follows: When the conductive rod contacts the circuit switch, the circuit is turned on, the power supply section E1 is energized, and the resistors R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, and R8 are all turned on, and are recorded as a high level by the parallel-to-serial chip. When the flexible flat cable FPC is cut off, the circuits in front of the path are all low levels; When the eighth line of the power supply interval E1 is cut off, the negative-edge-conducting D-type trigger is started to operate. At this time, the power supply interval E2 is turned on, and the eight resistors R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, and R8 of the power supply interval E1 are reused. The operation principle of disconnecting the flexible flat cable FPC is the same as that of the power supply interval E1; at this time, the power supply intervals E1 and E2 are both high-level at the upstream of the flexible flat cable FPC, but at the downstream of the cable, the power supply interval E1 is low-level, and the power supply interval E2 is low-level in the disconnected area and high-level in the undisconnected area; the power supply intervals E3, E4, and E5 are not yet turned on, so they are all low-level. When the eighth cable in the power supply interval E2 is disconnected, the power supply interval E3 is started to energize; The level status of the upstream power supply intervals E1, E2, E3, E4, E5, E6, E7 and E8 is transmitted to the parallel-to-serial chip 2, and then the serial signal is merged into the parallel-to-serial chip 1. The combined serial signal has a total of 16 bits, of which eight bits are the resistance on-off circuit, and the other eight bits are the on-off status of the power supply intervals E1, E2, E3, E4 and E5, and then the number of lines currently cut off is calculated, and the remaining precise distance of the non-conductor cutter relative to the critical point of wear is calculated; The output signal of the parallel-to-serial chip is processed by the MCU and transmitted to the display screen for display, or directly drives the laser source or light-emitting diode and is directly transmitted to the central control system for display via optical fiber.

12. The wear detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wear promotion structure includes a sleeve, a circuit board is arranged at one end of the sleeve, a push rod base is arranged at the other end of the sleeve, a push rod is arranged at one end of the push rod base, and a non-conductor cutter is arranged at the other end of the push rod base; a fixed groove is arranged on the inner side of the sleeve, the non-conductor cutter is located at one end in the fixed groove, and the flexible flat cable FPC is arranged in the other end of the fixed groove. The flexible flat cable FPC is electrically connected to the circuit board and is located on the moving path of the non-conductor cutter blade, and the side wall of the sleeve cooperates with the push rod base through a limiting mechanism.

13. The wear detection device according to claim 12, characterized in that: The limiting mechanism includes several groups of spring pins and several groups of oblique teeth corresponding to the spring pins. Each group of spring pins is axially arranged on the side wall of the sleeve, and each group of oblique teeth is axially arranged on the outer side wall of the push rod base. The spring pins are engaged with the oblique teeth, that is, when the oblique teeth pass through the spring pins, the spring pins pop up, and the oblique teeth are reset and clamped by the rear spring pin.

14. The wear detection device according to claim 13, characterized in that: The limiting mechanism includes a helical tooth step groove and a helical tooth step boss arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the helical tooth step groove. A plurality of groups of helical tooth step grooves are arranged, and the plurality of groups of helical tooth step grooves are circumferentially distributed on the inner side wall of the sleeve. Each group of helical tooth step grooves is axially arranged on the side wall of the sleeve, and adjacent groups of helical tooth step grooves are staggered according to a set phase difference; each group of helical tooth step bosses is axially arranged on the outer side wall of the push rod base, and the helical tooth step grooves are snap-fitted with the helical tooth step bosses.

15. The wear detection device according to claim 12, characterized in that: The flexible flat cable FPC is an electric wire arranged in a specific period, and satisfies a phase matching condition with the effective period of the limiting mechanism; wherein the effective period = the actual displacement period formed by a plurality of groups of dislocation grooves.

16. The wear detection device according to claim 12, characterized in that: The circuit board includes an integrated serial-to-output chip, power supply interval E1, power supply interval E2, power supply interval E3, power supply interval E4, power supply interval E5, power supply interval E6, power supply interval E7...power supply interval En, and pins D0, pin D1, pin D2, pin D3, pin D4, pin D5, pin D6 and pin D7 on the integrated serial-to-output chip are respectively electrically connected to the power supply interval E1, power supply interval E2, power supply interval E3, power supply interval E4, power supply interval E5, power supply interval E6, power supply interval E7...power supply interval En through a flexible flat cable FPC, and pin D7 is respectively electrically connected to the downstream of the cutting breakpoint at the bottom end of the wiring of each power supply interval through a diode.

17. The wear detection device according to claim 16, characterized in that: The power supply interval E2, power supply interval E3, power supply interval E4, power supply interval E5, power supply interval E6, power supply interval E7 ... power supply interval En are respectively located downstream of the cutting breakpoint of the flexible flat cable FPC, and are electrically connected to a trigger, and the power supply interval E1 is electrically connected to the conductive rod, and the power supply interval E2, power supply interval E3, power supply interval E4, power supply interval E5, power supply interval E6, power supply interval E7 and power supply interval En are respectively connected to the power supply through a diode and a trigger; The circuit board also includes an MCU or a counter, which is electrically connected to a serial-input-to-output chip, and the serial-input-to-output chip is electrically connected to a pulse generator.

18. The wear detection device according to claim 17, characterized in that: Pins D0, D1, D2, D3, D4, D5, D6 and D7 on the parallel-input to serial-output chip are electrically connected to pull-down resistors R, one end of the pull-down resistors is electrically connected to pins D0, D1, D2, D3, D4, D5, D6 and D7 on the parallel-input to serial-output chip, and the other ends of the pull-down resistors are grounded.

19. The wear detection device according to claim 18, characterized in that: The working principle of the circuit board is as follows: When the conductive rod contacts the circuit switch, the conduction circuit is started, the power supply area E1 is energized, all the lines in the power supply area E1 are turned on, and the parallel-input-serial-output chip records it as a high level. When the flexible flat cable FPC is cut off in sequence, the corresponding disconnection circuits are all converted to a low level. When the eighth line of the power supply interval E1 is cut off, the negative-edge-conducting D-type flip-flop is started to output a high level. At this time, the power supply interval E2 is turned on, and the eight lines of the power supply interval E1 connected to the parallel-to-serial-output chip are reused. The operation principle of disconnecting the flexible flat cable FPC is the same as that of the power supply interval E1; at this time, the power supply interval E1 and the power supply interval E2 are both high levels upstream of the flexible flat cable FPC breakpoint, and downstream of the flexible flat cable FPC breakpoint, the power supply interval E1 is low and does not cause any interference to the pins of the parallel-to-serial-output chip, while the power supply interval E2 is low in the disconnection area and high in the undisconnected area; the power supply intervals E3 to En are not yet turned on, so they are all low levels and do not cause any interference to the pins of the parallel-to-serial-output chip. When the eighth flat cable of the power supply interval E2 is disconnected, the power supply interval E3 is started to be powered on; The pulse generator generates a pulse signal and injects it into the serial output chip to generate an 8-bit serial output signal, which represents the high and low level states of the downstream of the corresponding power supply interval; Pin D0 of the parallel-in serial-out chip is connected to a positive counter. When the power supply interval E1 is not powered, pin D0 of the parallel-in serial-out chip displays a low level. When the first flexible flat cable FPC is connected to the power supply, pin D0 of the parallel-in serial-out chip displays a high level. When the first line flexible flat cable FPC is cut off, pin D0 of the parallel-in serial-out chip detects a low level, thus forming a complete pulse composed of positive and negative edge signals, so that the positive counter is increased by 1. When the first line of the second interval is never powered on and then the line is cut off, the same situation as the first line of the power supply interval E1 is formed, and the positive counter is increased by 1 again. In this way, it is repeated until the power supply interval En. Each time the first line of the interval is turned on and then cut off, it is inferred from the number in the counter that the nth power supply interval has been entered. After merging the serial output chip and the positive counter, the state detection of infinite circuits being disconnected in sequence can be obtained, so as to calculate how many circuits are currently cut off, and then calculate the remaining precise distance of the non-conductor cutter relative to the critical point of wear; The input-to-serial output chip and the counter output signal are processed by the MCU and transmitted to the screen display or directly drive the laser source or light-emitting diode, and are directly transmitted to the central control system display via optical fiber.

20. The wear detection device according to claim 12, characterized in that: The circuit board includes a multi-channel sequential power supply signal source, a circuit breaker trigger, an integrated serial output chip, a power supply interval E1, a power supply interval E2, a power supply interval E3, a power supply interval E4, a power supply interval E5, a power supply interval E6, a power supply interval E7...power supply interval En; pins D0, D1, D2, D3, D4, D5, D6 and D7 on the integrated serial output chip are electrically connected to the power supply interval E1, the power supply interval E2, the power supply interval E3, the power supply interval E4, the power supply interval E5, the power supply interval E6, the power supply interval E7...power supply interval En through a flexible flat cable FPC.

21. The wear detection device according to claim 20, characterized in that: The power supply interval E1, power supply interval E2, power supply interval E3, power supply interval E4, power supply interval E5, power supply interval E6, power supply interval E7...power supply interval En, the lowest wiring is respectively downstream of the cutting breakpoint of the soft cable FPC, and is electrically connected to a circuit breaker trigger through a diode, and the circuit breaker trigger is electrically connected to a multi-channel sequential power supply signal source pin T0; the power supply interval E1, power supply interval E2, power supply interval E3, power supply interval E4, power supply interval E5, power supply interval E6, power supply interval E7...power supply interval En are respectively connected to pins T1, pin T2, pin T3, pin T4, pin T5, pin T6, pin T7...pin Tn on the multi-channel sequential power supply signal source through diodes; The circuit board also includes an MCU or a counter, which is electrically connected to a serial-input-to-output chip, and the serial-input-to-output chip is electrically connected to a pulse generator.

22. The wear detection device according to claim 21, characterized in that: Pins D0, D1, D2, D3, D4, D5, D6 and D7 on the parallel-input to serial-output chip are electrically connected to pull-down resistors R, one end of the pull-down resistors is electrically connected to pins D0, D1, D2, D3, D4, D5, D6 and D7 on the parallel-input to serial-output chip, and the other ends of the pull-down resistors are grounded.

23. The wear detection device according to claim 22, characterized in that: The working principle of the circuit board is as follows: When the multi-channel power supply signal source is activated, the pin T1 sends a high-level signal to the power supply interval E1, so that all the lines in the power supply interval E1 are turned on, and the parallel-input-serial-output chip records it as a high level. When the flexible flat cable FPC is cut off in sequence, the corresponding disconnection circuits are all converted to low levels; When the eighth line of the power supply interval E1 is cut off, the circuit breaker trigger is started to output a pulse signal to the multi-channel sequential power supply signal source pin T0. At this time, the multi-channel sequential power supply signal source switches the output high-level signal to the pin T2, so that the power supply interval E2 is turned on, and the eight lines of the power supply interval E1 connected to the parallel-to-serial-output chip are reused. The operation principle of disconnecting the flexible cable FPC is the same as that of the power supply interval E1. At this time, except for the power supply interval E2, the other power supply intervals are not turned on, so they are all low-level and do not cause any interference to the pins of the parallel-to-serial-output chip. When the eighth cable of the power supply interval E2 is disconnected, the power supply interval E3 is started to start powering on; The pulse generator generates a pulse signal and injects it into the serial output chip to generate an 8-bit serial signal, representing the high and low level states of the downstream of the power supply interval; Pin D0 of the parallel-in serial-out chip is connected to a positive counter. When the power supply interval E1 is not powered, pin D0 of the parallel-in serial-out chip displays a low level. When the first flexible flat cable FPC conducts a high level signal, pin D0 of the parallel-in serial-out chip displays a high level. When the first line flexible flat cable FPC is cut off, pin D0 of the parallel-in serial-out chip detects a low level, thus forming a complete pulse composed of positive and negative edge signals, making the positive counter +1. When the first line of the second interval is never powered on and then the line is cut off, the same situation as the first line of the power supply interval E1 is formed, and the positive counter is again +1. In this way, it is repeated until the power supply interval En. Each time the first line of the interval is turned on and then cut off, it is inferred from the number in the counter that the nth power supply interval has been entered; After merging the serial output chip and the positive counter, the on-off status detection of an infinite number of lines can be obtained, so as to calculate how many lines are currently cut off, and then calculate the remaining precise distance of the non-conductor cutter relative to the critical point of wear; The input-to-serial output chip and the counter output signal are processed by the MCU and transmitted to the screen display or directly drive the laser source or light-emitting diode, and are directly transmitted to the central control system display via optical fiber.

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