Rapid identification method for complex aquifer mine water source

Abstract

The invention provides a complex aquifer mine water source rapid identification method, which relates to the technical field of water source identification, and comprises the following steps: 1) judging a water source according to the correlation between water volume and water level change; 2) judging a water source according to the water level; 3) analyzing a water guide channel; 4) water quality analysis; (5) performing experimental grouting; 6) performing a tracing test; (7) carrying out geophysical exploration; 8) evaluating the water yield property; according to the method, the water inrush source is judged by means of various methods such as a tracing test, a water quality test, water level dynamic analysis and geophysical exploration, and comprehensive change information and the like of the water filling aquifer are systematically analyzed, so that the position of the water inrush source can be accurately found, and the problems that the water inrush source is difficult to accurately determine by a single method and misjudgment may occur are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of water source identification, and more specifically, particularly relates to a method for quickly identifying water sources in complex aquifer mines. Background Art

[0002] Mine water inrush accidents not only reduce production efficiency, increase drainage costs, and cause economic losses, but also seriously affect the safety of mine production personnel. Rapidly and accurately identifying mine aquifers is of great practical significance for mine water prevention and control.

[0003] Due to the complexity of water quality in mines and the complexity of local geology, hydrogeology and mining conditions, it is difficult to accurately determine the source of water inrush using a single method, and misjudgment may occur. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a method for quickly identifying water sources in complex aquifer mines, so as to solve the problem that it is difficult to accurately determine the source of water inrush using a single method.

[0005] The purpose and efficacy of the complex aquifer mine water source rapid identification method of the present invention are achieved by the following specific technical means:

[0006] A method for quickly identifying water sources in a complex aquifer mine comprises the following steps:

[0007] 1). Determine the water source based on the correlation between water volume and water level changes;

[0008] Based on the long-term slow decline record and average decline rate of the water level before the working face is mined, when the working face is flooded, the water level decline rate and water volume changes are judged, and based on the observation data within half a year, the correlation between the two is found to see whether it is possible to preliminarily determine which aquifer is the source of the flooding;

[0009] 2). Determine the water source based on the water level;

[0010] During the water inrush process at the working face, the water level change curves of the four hydrological observation holes of the aquifer are drawn. The water level change of the aquifer is usually used to determine the location of the water inrush source;

[0011] 3). Analysis of water channel;

[0012] The water-conducting fracture zone of the coal seam roof was explored and studied, and the calculation formula is:

[0013] H=100∑M / (1.2∑M+2.0)-8.9;

[0014] Where: H is the height of the water-conducting fracture zone (m); M is the thickness of the coal layer (m);

[0015] According to the height of the working face mining, the height of the water-conducting fracture zone is calculated; and according to the minimum distance from the coal seam to the aquifer, it is determined whether a water-conducting structure is necessary to conduct the water source of the water inrush;

[0016] 4). Water quality analysis;

[0017] Analyze the water quality of the working face and compare the water quality with the water quality type to see whether the water source of the working face can be determined;

[0018] 5). Experimental grouting;

[0019] According to statistics, more than 80% of coal mine flooding accidents in China are caused by faults. In order to verify the judgment that the above-mentioned faults are water-conducting channels, it is necessary to carry out grouting tests on the fault zone; 4 grouting holes are designed on the ground and numbered ZH1-ZH4 respectively. The drilling trajectory is "L" shaped and passes through the fault. The hole ends at the bottom of the suspected water-inrushing layer and cement-clay slurry is injected. After reaching the design pressure, check whether leakage is found underground; by drawing the correlation curve between water inflow and grouting process, check whether there is an obvious correlation between grouting and water reduction, and whether the location of the water source of the water inrush can be determined based on this;

[0020] 6). Tracer test;

[0021] Tracer test is one of the most direct methods to identify the source of water inrush; 50kg of KI reagent is injected into the aquifer through the grouting hole ZH3, and water samples are collected at the outlets of working face 1 and working face 2 respectively, and water samples are collected once every hour for 36 days; by detecting whether the outlet position with abnormal values ​​appears more than once; judge whether there is hydraulic connection between working face 1, working face 2 and the aquifer, and see whether the location of the water inrush source can be determined based on this;

[0022] 7). Geophysical exploration;

[0023] TVLF-coal mine water detection radar uses the principle of resistivity difference and the good penetration ability of artificial ultra-low frequency electromagnetic waves and weak signal processing technology to detect the water separation of the stratum; when the water volume at the working face reaches 700m 3 / h, the upper aquifer was detected once, and the roof aquifer was detected again 12 months later; the same instrument was used for the two detections, and the original technicians carried out the construction in the same way and order of measurement points, and the profiles of the two detection results were drawn, and the location of the main aquifer was determined from the profiles;

[0024] 8). Water-richness evaluation;

[0025] The water-richness index refers to the percentage of the cumulative thickness of the sandstone layer in the study layer to the total thickness of the study layer. The higher the index, the stronger the water-richness, which is expressed by the following formula:

[0026] Fzh =M e / D g *100 or F zh =(M e +d) / (D g +d)*100

[0027] Where: F zh M is the water richness index; e is the cumulative thickness of brittle rock in the segment (m); D g is the segment thickness (m); d is the additional thickness (m);

[0028] According to the drilling data of the whole well, the roof water-richness index is calculated. According to the minimum and maximum values ​​of the water-richness index, the difference between the two extreme values ​​is calculated to determine whether the water-richness is uniform, and a water-richness contour map is drawn according to the water-richness index; it is determined whether the working faces are all located in the relatively water-rich area, and the amount of water inflow from each working face is determined.

[0029] The present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0030] The present invention determines the source of water inrush by means of multiple methods such as tracer test, water quality test, water level dynamic analysis and geophysical exploration, and systematically analyzes the comprehensive change information of water-filled aquifers, etc., and can accurately find the location of the source of water inrush without misjudgment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The following examples are used to illustrate the present invention, but they are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0032] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "multiple" means two or more; the terms "coaxial", "bottom", "one end", "top", "middle", "other end", "upper", "one side", "top", "inside", "front", "center", "two ends", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship, are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operate in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0033] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly stipulated and limited, terms such as "installation", "setting", "connection", "fixation" and "screw-on" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral one; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium; it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. Unless otherwise clearly defined, ordinary technicians in this field can understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention according to specific circumstances.

[0034] Example:

[0035] The present invention provides a method for quickly identifying a water source in a complex aquifer mine, comprising the following steps:

[0036] 1). Determine the water source based on the correlation between water volume and water level changes;

[0037] Based on the long-term slow decline record and average decline rate of the water level before the working face is mined, when the working face is flooded, the water level decline rate and water volume changes are judged, and based on the observation data within half a year, the correlation between the two is found to see whether it is possible to preliminarily determine which aquifer is the source of the flooding;

[0038] 2). Determine the water source based on the water level;

[0039] During the water inrush process at the working face, the water level change curves of the four hydrological observation holes of the aquifer are drawn. The water level change of the aquifer is usually used to determine the location of the water inrush source;

[0040] 3). Analysis of water channel;

[0041] The water-conducting fracture zone of the coal seam roof was explored and studied, and the calculation formula is:

[0042] H=100∑M / (1.2∑M+2.0)-8.9;

[0043] Where: H is the height of the water-conducting fracture zone (m); M is the thickness of the coal layer (m);

[0044] According to the height of the working face mining, the height of the water-conducting fracture zone is calculated; and according to the minimum distance from the coal seam to the aquifer, it is determined whether a water-conducting structure is necessary to conduct the water source of the water inrush;

[0045] 4). Water quality analysis;

[0046] Analyze the water quality of the working face and compare the water quality with the water quality type to see whether the water source of the working face can be determined;

[0047] 5). Experimental grouting;

[0048] According to statistics, more than 80% of coal mine flooding accidents in China are caused by faults. In order to verify the judgment that the above-mentioned faults are water-conducting channels, it is necessary to carry out grouting tests on the fault zone; 4 grouting holes are designed on the ground and numbered ZH1-ZH4 respectively. The drilling trajectory is "L" shaped and passes through the fault. The hole ends at the bottom of the suspected water-inrushing layer and cement-clay slurry is injected. After reaching the design pressure, check whether leakage is found underground; by drawing the correlation curve between water inflow and grouting process, check whether there is an obvious correlation between grouting and water reduction, and whether the location of the water source of the water inrush can be determined based on this;

[0049] 6). Tracer test;

[0050] Tracer test is one of the most direct methods to identify the source of water inrush; 50kg of KI reagent is injected into the aquifer through the grouting hole ZH3, and water samples are collected at the outlets of working face 1 and working face 2 respectively, and water samples are collected once every hour for 36 days; by detecting whether the outlet position with abnormal values ​​appears more than once; judge whether there is hydraulic connection between working face 1, working face 2 and the aquifer, and see whether the location of the water inrush source can be determined based on this;

[0051] 7). Geophysical exploration;

[0052] TVLF-coal mine water detection radar uses the principle of resistivity difference and the good penetration ability of artificial ultra-low frequency electromagnetic waves and weak signal processing technology to detect the water separation of the stratum; when the water volume at the working face reaches 700m 3 / h, the upper aquifer was detected once, and the roof aquifer was detected again 12 months later; the same instrument was used for the two detections, and the original technicians carried out the construction in the same way and order of measurement points, and the profiles of the two detection results were drawn, and the location of the main aquifer was determined from the profiles;

[0053] 8). Water-richness evaluation;

[0054] The water-richness index refers to the percentage of the cumulative thickness of the sandstone layer in the study layer to the total thickness of the study layer. The higher the index, the stronger the water-richness, which is expressed by the following formula:

[0055] F zh =M e / D g *100 or F zh =(M e +d) / (D g +d)*100

[0056] Where: F zh M is the water richness index; e is the cumulative thickness of brittle rock in the segment (m); D gis the segment thickness (m); d is the additional thickness (m);

[0057] According to the drilling data of the whole well, the roof water-richness index is calculated. According to the minimum and maximum values ​​of the water-richness index, the difference between the two extreme values ​​is calculated to determine whether the water-richness is uniform, and a water-richness contour map is drawn according to the water-richness index; it is determined whether the working faces are all located in the relatively water-rich area, and the amount of water inflow from each working face is determined.

[0058] The matters not described in detail in the present invention are all known technologies to those skilled in the art.

[0059] The embodiments of the present invention are given for the purpose of illustration and description, and are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the disclosed forms. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art. The embodiments are selected and described in order to better illustrate the principles and practical applications of the present invention and to enable those of ordinary skill in the art to understand the present invention and thereby design various embodiments with various modifications suitable for specific uses.

Claims

1. A method for quickly identifying water sources in complex aquifer mines, characterized by: The following steps are involved: 1). Determine the water source based on the correlation between water volume and water level changes; Based on the long-term slow decline record and average decline rate of the water level before the working face is mined, when the working face is flooded, the water level decline rate and water volume changes are judged, and based on the observation data within half a year, the correlation between the two is found to see whether it is possible to preliminarily determine which aquifer is the source of the flooding; 2). Determine the water source based on the water level; During the water inrush process at the working face, the water level change curves of the four hydrological observation holes of the aquifer are drawn. The water level change of the aquifer is usually used to determine the location of the water inrush source; 3). Analysis of water channel; The water-conducting fracture zone of the coal seam roof is explored and studied, and the calculation formula is: H=100∑M / (1.2∑M+2.0)-8.9; Where: H is the height of the water-conducting fracture zone (m); M is the thickness of the coal layer (m); According to the height of the working face, the height of the water-conducting fracture zone is calculated; and according to the minimum distance from the coal seam to the aquifer, it is determined whether a water-conducting structure is necessary to conduct the water source of the water inrush; 4). Water quality analysis; Analyze the water quality of the working face and compare the water quality with the water quality type to see whether the water source of the working face can be determined; 5). Experimental grouting; According to statistics, more than 80% of coal mine flooding accidents in China are caused by faults. In order to verify the judgment that the above faults are water-conducting channels, it is necessary to carry out grouting tests on the fault zone. Four grouting holes are designed on the ground and numbered ZH1-ZH4 respectively. The drilling trajectory is "L" shaped and ends at the bottom of the suspected water-inrushing layer after passing through the fault. Cement-clay slurry is injected. After reaching the design pressure, check whether leakage is found in the well. By drawing the correlation curve between water inflow and grouting process, we can see whether there is an obvious correlation between grouting and water reduction, and whether the location of the water source can be determined based on this. 6). Tracer test; Tracer test is one of the most direct methods to identify the source of water inrush; 50kg of KI reagent is injected into the aquifer through the grouting hole ZH3, and water samples are collected at the outlets of working face 1 and working face 2 respectively, and water samples are collected once every hour for 36 days; by detecting whether the outlet position with abnormal values ​​appears more than once; judge whether there is hydraulic connection between working face 1, working face 2 and the aquifer, and see whether the location of the water inrush source can be determined based on this; 7). Geophysical exploration; TVLF-coal mine water detection radar uses the principle of resistivity difference and the good penetration ability of artificial ultra-low frequency electromagnetic waves and weak signal processing technology to detect the water separation of the formation; when the water volume at the working face reaches 700m 3 / h, the upper aquifer was detected once, and the roof aquifer was detected again 12 months later; the same instrument was used for the two detections, and the original technicians carried out the construction in the same way and order of measurement points, and the profiles of the two detection results were drawn, and the location of the main aquifer was determined from the profiles; 8). Water-richness evaluation; The water-richness index refers to the percentage of the cumulative thickness of the sandstone layer in the study layer to the total thickness of the study layer. The higher the index, the stronger the water-richness, which is expressed by the following formula: F zh =M e / D g *100 or F zh =(M e +d) / (D g +d)*100 Where: F zh M is the water richness index; e is the cumulative thickness of brittle rock in the segment (m); D g is the segment thickness (m); d is the additional thickness (m); According to the drilling data of the whole well, the roof water-richness index is calculated. According to the minimum and maximum values ​​of the water-richness index, the difference between the two extreme values ​​is calculated to determine whether the water-richness is uniform, and a water-richness contour map is drawn according to the water-richness index; it is determined whether the working faces are all located in the relatively water-rich area, and the amount of water inflow from each working face is determined.