Method for calculating earthwork volume of complex terrain based on Civil 3d software

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for calculating the earthwork volume of a complex terrain based on Cill 3d software, relates to the technical field of earthwork calculation, and particularly aims to solve the problems that in the background technology, a large amount of time and energy need to be consumed for calculation, and the calculation precision is difficult to guarantee, and provides the method for calculating the earthwork volume of the complex terrain based on the Cill 3d software. According to the method, the three-dimensional digital terrain model of the trench is established based on the powerful function of Civil 3D, then earthwork accounting is carried out, and the working time is greatly shortened on the premise that the calculation accuracy is ensured. The problems existing in the background technology are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of earthwork calculation, and in particular relates to a method for calculating earthwork volume of complex terrain based on Civil 3D software. Background Art

[0002] In real estate, municipal construction and other construction projects, site leveling is particularly important. The amount of earthwork involved in the leveling process will also have a great impact on the project cost. All construction projects must calculate the amount of earthwork excavation and backfilling in the engineering stage during the design stage before construction. The calculation of earthwork volume is an important basis for each stage of engineering design, construction and settlement. Earthwork calculation is a work that uses the actual terrain of the area before construction as the reference surface and the design elevation as the reference surface for difference calculation. Especially when building roads, pipelines or structures in some complex sites, how to calculate the site earthwork more efficiently and accurately is an important task for the preparation of design plans, on-site earthwork balance or engineering quantity accounting. However, the current traditional calculation method consumes a lot of time and energy, and it is difficult to ensure the accuracy of the calculation.

[0003] Therefore, it is urgent to design a method to calculate the earthwork volume of complex terrain based on Civil 3D software to solve the above problems. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the problems that the above-mentioned prior art requires a lot of time and energy for calculation and it is difficult to ensure the calculation accuracy, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for calculating the earthwork volume of complex terrain based on Civil 3d software. Through the application of Civil 3D in the calculation of rainwater and sewage troughs, a method suitable for the calculation of complex earthwork excavation and filling is described. Based on the powerful functions of Civil 3D, a three-dimensional digital terrain model of the ditch is established to calculate the earthwork, which greatly shortens the working time while ensuring the accuracy of the calculation.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: A method for calculating earthwork volume of complex terrain based on Civil 3D software, characterized by comprising: S1. Collect topographic elevation data and use the collected data to calculate the design elevation data; S2. Based on the collected topographic elevation data, use Civil 3D to create the original surface DEM model; S3. Based on the design elevation data, use Civil 3D software to create a grading surface model; S4. Based on the original surface DEM model and the grading surface model, use Civil 3D software to extract and generate a three-dimensional grading entity model; S5. further edit the generated entity through Boolean operation to generate a trench excavation model; S6. Based on the trench excavation model, use Civil 3D software to calculate the volume of the entity, that is, the amount of earth excavation or backfill.

[0006] Preferably, in step S1, the process of collecting topographic elevation data includes: determining the density and position of sampling points according to the changes in terrain undulation, and arranging a total station and a GPS for collecting data according to the density and position of the sampling points, and the collected data are: x, y, z coordinates of a series of points, and elevation data based on the route stake number and offset; When calculating the design elevation data, encrypted elevations are used for terrain feature lines, terrain change points, top of the slope, bottom of the slope, top of the slope and toe of the slope.

[0007] Preferably, in step S3, Civil 3D software is used to create the surface using surface tools and grading tools.

[0008] Preferably, the process of creating a grading surface model using Civil 3D software includes: S301. Determine the bottom boundary of the excavation in Civil 3D software; S302. Then project the excavation boundary onto the design surface to generate feature lines S302. Based on the feature line, the slope is cut according to the designed slope to generate a slope surface.

[0009] Preferably, the three-dimensional grading solid model extracted and generated using Civil 3D software can be generated by a fixed depth method, a fixed elevation method, and a curved surface comparison method.

[0010] Preferably, the fixed depth method includes inputting a positive or negative depth in generating a three-dimensional grading solid model.

[0011] Preferably, the fixed elevation method includes specifying the bottom surface of the solid model at a fixed elevation during the generation of the three-dimensional grading solid model.

[0012] Preferably, the surface comparison method includes creating a solid model between two surfaces in generating a three-dimensional grading solid model.

[0013] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention discloses a method for calculating earthwork volume of complex terrain based on Civil 3D software. Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following improvements: Based on the powerful functions of Civil 3D, the present invention establishes a three-dimensional digital terrain model of the trench and calculates the earthwork. The main features are as follows: 1. Compared with the traditional cross-section method, DTM method and other calculation methods, the accuracy is higher. Under the premise of ensuring the accuracy of the calculation, the calculation time is greatly shortened, and the real situation of the project can be reflected very accurately; 2. The method of calculating earthwork can be applied to any scene such as municipal administration, highway, water transportation, and building foundation pit, and is not affected by the terrain and foundation pit form. It is very easy to handle the calculation of complex foundation pit earthwork, which can provide help for the majority of practitioners. 3. The three-dimensional earthwork model established by the software is very persuasive and reduces the disputes between the two parties in the settlement. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 is a flow chart of the method of the present invention; Figure 2 It is the three-dimensional element line effect diagram of the present invention; Figure 3 This is the three-dimensional slope surface effect diagram of the present invention Figure 4 A three-dimensional solid model generated by the fixed depth method of the present invention; Figure 5 A three-dimensional solid model generated by the fixed elevation method of the present invention; Figure 6 A three-dimensional solid model generated by the surface comparison method of the present invention; Figure 7 It is a three-dimensional sloping entity effect diagram of the present invention; Figure 8 The rainwater-sewage combined trough excavation model generated by the present invention through union; Fig. 9 The rainwater-sewage combined trough excavation model generated by the difference set of the present invention; Fig.10 This is a photo of the site of excavation of the rainwater-sewage combined trough of the present invention; Fig.11 This is the interference inspection effect diagram of the present invention; Fig.12 This is the pipe gallery and pipeline earthwork excavation model 1 of the present invention; Fig.13 This is the second earthwork excavation model of the pipe gallery and pipeline of the present invention; Fig.14 It is a schematic cross-sectional view of the entity of the present invention; DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0015] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the technical solution of the present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0016] Example: Refer to the attached Figure 1-14 A method for calculating earthwork volume of complex terrain based on Civil 3D software is shown, including: S1. Data curation S101. Collect geomorphic elevation data; The landform elevation data is mainly collected through total stations, GPS and other instruments. The density and location of sampling points are determined according to the complexity of the terrain fluctuations. Elevation encryption can be performed at terrain feature lines, terrain change points, on the sill, below the sill, at the top of the slope and at the foot of the slope to ensure that the collected landform elevation data is close to the actual terrain. The collected data is used to create a three-dimensional model and is a variety of points in various forms, which can be a series of (x, y, z) coordinates or points based on route stake numbers, offsets and elevations.

[0017] S102. Calculate the design elevation data of the foundation pit bottom; According to the longitudinal section, plane and other design parameters on the construction drawings, the elevation of the foundation pit bottom after excavation is completed (i.e. the site topography after excavation is completed), and the density of the calculation points can be selected according to the calculation accuracy, site scale and design complexity. For example, for gravity flow pipelines such as rainwater and sewage (slope trough bottom), it is generally only necessary to calculate the elevation of the slope foot and slope top according to the design slope; for roads (variable slope trough bottom), it is necessary to consider the design parameters of the vertical curve and perform encrypted calculation of the elevation.

[0018] S2. Create the original surface DEM model based on the collected topographic elevation data; DEM (Digital Elevation Model) is a data set of plane coordinates (X, Y) and elevations (Z) of regular grid points within a certain range. It mainly describes the spatial distribution of regional landforms and is formed by data collection (including sampling and measurement) through contour lines or similar stereo models, and then data interpolation. The creation of the original surface DEM model can be completed by directly applying the collected landform elevation data.

[0019] S3. Based on the design elevation data, use Civil 3D software to create a grading surface model; The creation of the grading surface model needs to be drawn through design parameters; specifically, it is created through Civil 3D surface tools and grading tools. The main drawing process is as follows: S301. Determine the excavation bottom boundary (2D line) in Civil 3D software; S302. Draw the foundation pit bottom elevation surface according to the calculated foundation pit bottom design elevation data; S303. Then project the excavation boundary onto the elevation surface of the foundation pit bottom to generate a feature line (DrawFeatureLine), that is, a three-dimensional feature line, such as Figure 2 As shown; S304. Based on the element line, the slope is cut according to the designed slope to generate a slope surface. The slope surface is a three-dimensional surface. The slope surface model is created. Figure 3 As shown; The solid or surface model generated by Civil 3D can be checked for interference (INTERFERE) within the software to check whether the model has conflicts. At the same time, temporary conflict solid or surface objects can be created, which is more convenient and quicker, without having to re-import it into Navisworks, Fuzor and other software. Fig.11 The following figure shows the effect of interference checking. The 3D model created by this method can be imported into BIM series software such as 3Dmax and Revit for further display. Figure 12-13 As shown; you can also use the "SECTIONPLANE" command to display the generated 3D model in sections, similar to CT, to generate cross-sections, longitudinal sections and other cross-sections at various angles to intuitively display the earthwork calculation results and design changes, such as Fig.14 As shown, it can also be used for two-dimensional drawing.

[0020] S4. Based on the original surface DEM model and the grading surface model, Civil 3D software is used to extract and generate a three-dimensional grading entity model, such as Figure 7 As shown; Specifically, in Civil 3D software, creating a 3D entity from a triangulated surface mainly defines the vertical height (depth) of each slope domain of the triangulated surface. The following methods can be used to generate a 3D grading entity model; Fixed Depth Method. Defines the depth of a solid model by a fixed dimension, by entering a positive or negative depth value. If you enter a positive value, the solid is extruded upward from the surface. If you enter a negative value, the solid is extruded downward from the surface. The two methods apply depth straight up and downward relative to the surface. The solid created in this way has the same vertical thickness at every point. Using the fixed depth method to generate a 3D solid model is as follows: Figure 4 As shown; Fixed elevation method. Specify the bottom of the solid at a fixed elevation to generate a solid with a flat bottom or top. The bottom elevation of the created solid is consistent. Use the fixed depth method to generate a 3D solid model. Figure 5 As shown; Surface comparison method. Create a solid between two surfaces. The top and bottom surfaces of the created solid are the base surface and comparison surface respectively. For example, you can create a solid that represents the volume from the top surface down to the roadbed. According to the "surface comparison method", the original surface surface is used as the base surface, the slope excavation surface is used as the comparison surface, and the fixed depth method is used to generate a 3D solid model. Figure 6 As shown; S5. Further edit the generated entity through Boolean operation to generate a combined trench excavation model; in this embodiment, the synthesized model is a combined trench excavation model for rainwater and sewage; The generated entities are further edited through Boolean operations in the 3D modeling interface of the Civil 3D software to generate a rainwater sewer excavation model. Three-dimensional Boolean operations mainly include three types of operations: difference (SUBTRACT), union (UNION), and intersection (INTERSECT). The difference operation removes the specified other entities and the common parts between entities from the subtracted entity to obtain a new entity; the union operation can merge two or more selected entities or surface domain objects into a new whole; the intersection operation creates an entity or surface domain from the common parts of two or more entities or surface domains, and deletes the entities outside the common parts to obtain a new entity. Figure 8 The figure shows the rainwater and sewage combined trench excavation model generated by union. Fig. 9 To generate a rainwater and sewage combined trench excavation model through difference set; S6. Based on the trench excavation model, the volume of the entity is calculated using Civil 3D software, that is, the amount of earth excavation or backfilling; Fig.10 The photos of the site where the rainwater and sewage troughs were excavated; The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and the above embodiments and descriptions are only for explaining the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention may have various changes and improvements, which fall within the scope of the present invention to be protected. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the attached claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for calculating earthwork volume in complex terrain based on Civil 3D software, characterized in that: include: S1. Collect topographic elevation data and use the collected data to calculate the design elevation data; S2. Based on the collected topographic elevation data, use Civil 3D to create the original surface DEM model; S3. Based on the design elevation data, use Civil 3D software to create a grading surface model; S4. Based on the original surface DEM model and the grading surface model, use Civil 3D software to extract and generate a three-dimensional grading entity model; S5. further edit the generated entity through Boolean operation to generate a trench excavation model; S6. Based on the trench excavation model, use Civil 3D software to calculate the volume of the entity, that is, the amount of earth excavation or backfill.

2. The method for calculating earthwork volume of complex terrain based on Civil 3D software according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1, the process of collecting topographic elevation data includes: determining the density and location of sampling points according to the changes in terrain undulations, and arranging total stations and GPS for data collection according to the density and location of the sampling points. The collected data are: x, y, z coordinates of a series of points, and elevation data based on the route stake number and offset; When calculating the design elevation data, encrypted elevations are used for terrain feature lines, terrain change points, top of the slope, bottom of the slope, top of the slope and toe of the slope.

3. The method for calculating earthwork volume of complex terrain based on Civil 3D software according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, Civil 3D software is used to create the surface using surface tools and grading tools.

4. The method for calculating earthwork volume of complex terrain based on Civil 3D software according to claim 3, characterized in that: The process of creating a grading surface model using Civil 3D software includes: S301. Determine the bottom boundary of the excavation in Civil 3D software; S302. Then project the excavation boundary onto the design surface to generate feature lines S302. Based on the feature line, the slope is cut according to the designed slope to generate a slope surface.

5. The method for calculating earthwork volume of complex terrain based on Civil 3D software according to claim 1, characterized in that: Using Civil 3D software to extract and generate three-dimensional grading solid models can be generated through fixed depth method, fixed elevation method and surface comparison method.

6. The method for calculating earthwork volume of complex terrain based on Civil 3D software according to claim 5, characterized in that: The fixed depth method involves entering a positive or negative depth value when generating a 3D grading solid model.

7. The method for calculating earthwork volume of complex terrain based on Civil 3D software according to claim 5, characterized in that: The fixed elevation method involves specifying the bottom surface of the solid model at a fixed elevation during the generation of a 3D grading solid model.

8. The method for calculating earthwork volume of complex terrain based on Civil 3D software according to claim 5, characterized in that: The surface comparison method involves creating a solid model between two surfaces in generating a 3D grading solid model.

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