Method for planting day lily in cotton sand land

Abstract

The invention provides a method for planting hemerocallis citrina baroni in a cotton sand land, and belongs to the technical field of hemerocallis citrina baroni planting.The method comprises the steps that S1, the cotton sand land is pretreated, organic fertilizer is spread on the surface of the flat land, primary rotary tillage is conducted, and the cotton sand land is leveled; s2, secondary treatment of the cotton sand land: spreading an inorganic fertilizer on the surface of the flat land, performing secondary rotary tillage, and flattening the cotton sand land; s3, ditching and ridging to form furrows; s4, tillering seedlings, selecting perennial daylily clumpy roots without plant diseases and insect pests, tillering 1 / 3-1 / 4 of the daylily clumpy roots as seedlings, and planting the seedlings into the furrows; s5, increasing water and supplementing fertilizer, introducing water and fertilizer into the furrows, or spreading compound fertilizer at the bottoms of the furrows, and then introducing irrigation water. The furrow planting mode of the daylily has good water-saving and soil moisture preservation effects, the yield per mu is increased by about 100-150 kg, the yield per mu is increased by about 25%-37%, the economic benefit is increased, meanwhile, the survival rate of the daylily can be increased, and root division of the daylily root system in the following years is facilitated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of day lily planting, and in particular relates to a method for planting day lily in cotton sandy land. Background Art

[0002] Daylily, also known as day lily, forget-me-not, etc., is a perennial herb with rich nutritional value and multiple uses. The finished product of dried daylily after the flower buds are harvested is sweet and fresh, rich in nutritional value, and deeply loved. It has the effects of clearing lung heat, softening liver qi, nourishing blood, diuresis, anti-inflammatory, detoxification, regulating human physiological functions and promoting metabolism.

[0003] Since daylily has a strong adaptability to soil, it is generally planted on flat land with a row width of 100 cm, a narrow row of 60 cm, a hole distance of 40-50 cm, and 4 plants per hole. However, due to the cotton-sand soil in some areas of Ningxia (yellow cotton sandy soil is a young soil formed by direct cultivation of loess parent material. It has good arable properties, but the soil is loose and has poor water and fertilizer retention), the surface soil water evaporation is large, which is not conducive to soil water conservation and moisture retention during the planting of daylily, resulting in low daylily planting yields and affecting economic benefits. Summary of the invention

[0004] Based on this, the present invention provides a method for planting day lily in cotton sandy land to solve the technical problem in the prior art that, for cotton sandy soil, the evaporation of surface soil water is large, which is not conducive to soil water conservation and moisture conservation during the planting process of day lily, resulting in low day lily planting yield.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention to solve the above technical problems is as follows:

[0006] A method for planting daylily in cotton sandy land, comprising:

[0007] S1 Pretreatment of cotton sandy land: spreading organic fertilizer on the flat surface, performing rotary tillage, and leveling the cotton sandy land;

[0008] S2 cotton sand land secondary treatment, spreading inorganic fertilizer on the flat surface, performing secondary rotary tillage, and leveling the cotton sand land;

[0009] S3 digs furrows and ridges to form furrows;

[0010] S4 tillering seedlings, selecting perennial daylily with no diseases or insect pests and dividing 1 / 3 to 1 / 4 of the tillers as seedlings, and planting the seedlings in the furrows;

[0011] S5: increasing water and fertilizer, introducing water and fertilizer into the ridge ditch, or spreading compound fertilizer at the bottom of the ridge ditch, and then introducing irrigation water.

[0012] Preferably, the bottom width of the ditch is 60 cm to 80 cm, the mouth width of the ditch is 100 cm to 120 cm, the depth of the ditch is 20 cm to 30 cm, and the width of adjacent ditches is 80 cm to 100 cm.

[0013] Preferably, along the height direction, the ridge is divided into a water and fertilizer area, a planting area and a growth area from bottom to top, and the seedlings are planted on the ridge surface of the planting area.

[0014] Preferably, the distance between adjacent seedlings in the ridge is 30 cm to 40 cm.

[0015] Preferably, the ridge is pressed into an arc-shaped lower ridge by a ridge forming and compacting device.

[0016] Preferably, the ridging and compacting device is arranged in combination with a rotary tillage plow, and the ridging and compacting device includes a soil guide assembly, a compacting assembly and a transmission assembly; the soil guide assembly includes a first soil guide plate arranged along a first direction, a second soil guide plate arranged along a second direction, a soil guide angle is formed between the first soil guide plate and the second soil guide plate, and a traction frame connected to the first soil guide plate and / or the second soil guide plate; the compacting assembly includes a transmission shaft and a pair of arc-shaped ridging rollers sleeved on the transmission shaft, the transmission shaft is connected to the traction frame, the pair of arc-shaped ridging rollers are arranged opposite to each other, and the spacing between the pair of arc-shaped ridging rollers is adapted to the width of the first soil guide plate; one end of the transmission assembly is transmission-connected to the transmission shaft, and the other end is transmission-connected to the second soil guide plate.

[0017] Preferably, a curved groove is provided on the side of the first soil guide plate facing away from the compaction assembly; a guide plow is also provided on the first soil guide plate, the guide plow is located on the lower bottom surface of the first soil guide plate, and a plurality of flow openings are provided on the guide plow.

[0018] Preferably, the arc-shaped ridging roller comprises an edge tube and an arc-shaped roller, the edge tube is fixedly sleeved on the transmission shaft, the arc-shaped roller is fixedly sleeved on one end of the edge tube, and a depth pressing ring is provided on the outer edge of the arc-shaped roller.

[0019] Preferably, the arc-shaped ridging roller also includes a tapered roller, which is fixedly sleeved on the edge tube and located on a side away from the arc-shaped roller, and the outer ring diameter of the tapered roller is smaller than the outer ring diameter of the arc-shaped roller.

[0020] Preferably, the transmission assembly includes a bearing seat, a second bearing, a connecting shaft, a first sprocket, a second sprocket and a third sprocket, the bearing seat is mounted on the second soil guide plate, the second bearing is mounted on the bearing seat, the connecting shaft passes through the second bearing, the first sprocket is sleeved on one end of the connecting shaft, the second sprocket is sleeved on the other end of the connecting shaft, and the third sprocket is sleeved on the transmission shaft.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following advantages:

[0022] (1) The ridge-ditch planting method of daylily has good water-saving and moisture-retaining effects. The yield increase per mu is about 100kg to 150kg, and the yield increase rate per mu is about 25% to 37%, which improves economic benefits. At the same time, it can improve the survival rate of daylily, which is beneficial to the root division of daylily root system in the next few years. In addition, because the daylily buds can absorb water for a long time, the buds are longer, and the longer daylily buds also have better economic benefits.

[0023] (2) Planting day lilies on both sides of the ridge, that is, in the planting area, prevents the roots of the seedlings from rotting due to long-term immersion, thereby improving the survival rate of the seedlings. Through infiltration, the roots of the seedlings continuously absorb water and nutrients in the water, which is beneficial to the growth of day lilies, increases the per-acre yield of day lilies, and increases the economic benefits of day lilies.

[0024] (3) The bottom of the arc-shaped lower ridge is an arc-shaped edge line, and the two sides of the ridge are not easy to slide. After water is injected into the ridge, the ridge is not easy to collapse. The overall structural strength of the ridge is higher, and the seedlings in the planting area will not fall due to the collapse of the ridge, which improves the survival rate of the seedlings and achieves an increase in the yield of daylily per mu. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of planting daylily in cotton sandy land.

[0026] Figure 2 First axonometric view of the ridging and compacting device for daylily planting.

[0027] Figure 3 Second axonometric view of the ridging and compacting device for daylily planting.

[0028] Figure 4 Front view of the ridging and compacting device for daylily planting.

[0029] Figure 5 Left view of the ridging and compacting device used for daylily planting.

[0030] Figure 6 A top view of a ridging and compacting device for daylily planting.

[0031] Figure 7Rear view of ridging and compacting equipment for daylily planting.

[0032] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of ridge furrow after rotary tillage (the shaded part is the ridge furrow)

[0033] In the figure: a ridging and compacting device 10, a soil guide assembly 100, a first soil guide plate 110, a curved groove 111, a guide plow 112, a second soil guide plate 120, a third soil guide plate 130, a traction frame 140, a first cross bar 141, a first vertical bar 142, a first bearing 143, a second vertical bar 144, an adjustable screw 145, a compacting assembly 200, a transmission shaft 210, an arc-shaped ridging roller 220, an edge tube 221, an arc-shaped roller 222, a pressing ring 223, a tapered roller 224, a transmission assembly 300, a bearing seat 310, a second bearing 320, a connecting shaft 330, a first sprocket 340, a second sprocket 350, a third sprocket 360, a rotary tillage coulter 20, a ridge 30, a water and fertilizer area 31, a planting area 32, a growth area 33, and seedlings 40. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other. The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings of the embodiments of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the following specific implementation methods.

[0035] It should be understood that the same or similar reference numerals in the drawings of the embodiments correspond to the same or similar components. In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that if the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "top", "bottom" and the like indicate an orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, it is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, the terms describing the positional relationship in the drawings are only used for illustrative purposes and cannot be understood as a limitation on this patent. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0036] Please see Figures 1 to 8 , a method for planting daylily in cotton sandy land, comprising:

[0037] S1 Cotton sand land pretreatment, spreading organic fertilizer on the flat surface, performing a rotary tillage, and leveling the cotton sand land; the organic fertilizer is a mixture of cow dung and sheep dung that are dried in the sun, crushed by a crusher, and spread on the surface, 2500kg to 3500kg of organic fertilizer per mu, and deep plowing with a plowshare is used, the plowing depth is 40cm to 80cm, the organic fertilizer is buried in the soil, and finally the land is leveled using a leveler.

[0038] S2 cotton sand land secondary treatment, spreading inorganic fertilizer on the flat surface, performing secondary rotary tillage, and leveling the cotton sand land; the inorganic fertilizer includes: nitrogen fertilizer (such as urea, ammonium bicarbonate, etc.), phosphate fertilizer (such as calcium phosphate, calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, etc.), potash fertilizer (such as potassium chloride, etc.), and nitrogen fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer and other inorganic fertilizers are mixed with each other to form mixed inorganic fertilizers. The mixing ratio can be nitrogen fertilizer: phosphate fertilizer: potash fertilizer = 10:5:2. 70kg to 100kg of inorganic fertilizer is spread per mu, and a rotary tiller is used to rotary till the soil at a depth of 12cm to 20cm. Finally, a land leveler is used to level the land.

[0039] S3 digs furrows and forms ridges to form furrows 30; compared with planting day lilies on flat land, planting day lilies in the furrows 30 is particularly suitable for planting in cotton sandy land. The furrows can improve the water-saving effect of cotton sandy land more than flat land, and can keep the soil moist for a longer time in cotton sandy land, which is more conducive to the growth of day lilies and increases the yield of day lilies.

[0040] S4 tillering seedlings, select perennial, disease-free and insect-free day lily cluster roots, tiller 1 / 3 to 1 / 4 as seedlings 40, and plant the seedlings 40 in the ridge ditch 30; the planting time of day lily can be spring planting or autumn planting, the spring planting time is late April to early May, and the autumn planting time is late September to mid-October; the day lily matures and is harvested from late June to early August.

[0041] S5 increases water and fertilizers, and introduces water and fertilizers into the ridge ditch 30. The water and fertilizers, i.e., water and compound fertilizers, are mixed with each other in the early stage of irrigation and then introduced into the land; or, compound fertilizers are spread at the bottom of the ridge ditch 30, and then irrigation water is introduced.

[0042] In a preferred embodiment, the bottom width of the ditch 30 is 60 cm to 80 cm, the mouth width of the ditch 30 is 100 cm to 120 cm, the depth of the ditch 30 is 20 cm to 30 cm, and the width of adjacent ditches 30 is 80 cm to 100 cm.

[0043] Specifically, the bottom width of the ridge 30 is 70 cm, the mouth width of the ridge 30 is 120 cm, the depth of the ridge 30 is 25 cm, and the width of adjacent ridges 30 is 90 cm.

[0044] In one possible embodiment, see Figure 1In the height direction, the ridge 30 is divided into a water and fertilizer area 31, a planting area 32 and a growth area 33 from bottom to top, and the seedlings 40 are planted on the ridge surface of the planting area 32. After the seedlings 40 are planted in the ridge 30, in order to promote the root growth of the seedlings 40, it is necessary to regularly irrigate the ridge 30 with water and fertilizer, 1 to 2 times a month. However, when the seedlings 40 are planted in the ridge 30, water is not easy to evaporate, which improves the water-saving and moisture-retaining effect. However, due to the high sugar content in the roots of the daylily, the roots of the seedlings 40 are easily moldy or even rotten after being soaked for a long time, resulting in the death of the seedlings 40, affecting the survival rate of the seedlings 40. Therefore, the ridge 30 is divided into a water and fertilizer area 31, a planting area 32 and a growth area 33 from bottom to top, wherein the water and fertilizer area 31 is located at the bottom of the ridge 30, the planting area 32 is located at the waist of the ridge 30, and the growth area 33 is located at the upper part of the ridge 30; along the height direction, the height of the water and fertilizer area 31: the height of the planting area 32: the height of the growth area 33 is 2:3:5, that is, water, fertilizer or irrigation water mainly flows in the water and fertilizer area 31, and the water in the ridge 30 is not easy to evaporate quickly, and the seedlings 40 are planted in the planting area 32. Located above the water and fertilizer area 31, when planting the seedlings 40, a hole is dug on the ridge surface of the planting area 32, and a vertical hole is dug downward. The seedlings 40 are planted in the hole and filled with soil. On the one hand, the roots of the seedlings 40 are prevented from directly contacting the irrigation water, and the root of the seedlings 40 is prevented from being easily rotten due to long-term immersion, thereby improving the survival rate of the seedlings 40. On the other hand, water and fertilizer gradually enter the vicinity of the seedlings 40 in the water and fertilizer area 31 by infiltration, which is conducive to the continuous absorption of water and nutrients in the water by the roots of the seedlings 40. In addition, the seedlings 40 are planted on the ridge surface of the planting area 32. Since the daylily is a perennial crop, when the roots are divided in the second year, the seedlings 40 on both sides of the planting area 32 are more likely to be biased towards the side of the water and fertilizer area 31. In the second year, the root system of the daylily is more developed, so it is not easy to be blistered and rot. The growth area 33 is used for the seedlings 40 to grow vertically upward.

[0045] In a possible embodiment, the spacing between the adjacent seedlings 40 in the ridge 30 is 30 cm to 40 cm. As a perennial crop, when the spacing between the seedlings 40 is within the range of 30 cm to 40 cm, it is beneficial for the seedlings 40 to divide their roots in the second year and the following years, and the regrown roots (new roots) of the seedlings 40 will not grow in large clusters. If the daylilies grow in large clusters, the flower buds of the daylilies will be smaller and shorter, reducing their economic benefits.

[0046] Specifically, the distance between adjacent seedlings 40 in the ridge 30 is 30 cm.

[0047] Specifically, the distance between adjacent seedlings 40 in the ridge 30 is 35 cm.

[0048] Specifically, the distance between adjacent seedlings 40 in the ridge 30 is 40 cm.

[0049] In one possible embodiment, see Figures 2 to 8 , the ridge is pressed into an arc-shaped lower ridge by a ridging and compacting device 10. Compared with the trapezoidal lower ridge, the arc-shaped lower ridge is easy to slide or collapse at the bottom of the ridge after the two sides of the trapezoidal lower ridge are impacted by the water flow, and the seedlings 40 planted on the ridge surface of the trapezoidal lower ridge will be tilted by the water flow, which is not conducive to the growth of the seedlings 40 and even causes the death of the seedlings 40; while the bottom of the arc-shaped lower ridge is an arc-shaped edge line, the two sides of the ridge are not easy to slide, and after water is injected into the ridge 30, the ridge 30 is not easy to collapse, and the overall structural strength of the ridge 30 is higher, which can ensure that the seedlings 40 always grow upward in the vertical direction.

[0050] In a possible embodiment, the ridging and compacting device 10 is matched with a rotary tillage plow 20, and the ridging and compacting device 10 includes a soil guiding component 100, a compacting component 200 and a transmission component 300;

[0051] The rotary tillage coulter 20 is matched with existing agricultural equipment (such as tractors, etc.). The rotary tillage coulter 20 is located in front of the soil guide assembly 100. When the tractor starts, it will drive the rotary tillage coulter 20 to rotate. At the same time, the tractor moves forward, which will drive the rotary tillage coulter 20, the soil guide assembly 100 and the compaction assembly 200 to move synchronously. It is connected to the rotary tillage coulter 20 or the tractor through the transmission assembly 300, and synchronously drives the compaction assembly 200 to rotate. The rotary tillage coulter 20 penetrates into the soil (such as 25 cm into the soil), loosens the soil, and digs the soil out to the soil guide assembly 100 at the rear. The soil guide assembly 100 guides the soil to both sides of the ridge, and the compaction assembly 200 squeezes and compacts the soil on both sides of the ridge during the movement, thereby forming a ridge for planting daylily.

[0052] For further description, see Figure 2 and Figure 3The soil guide assembly 100 includes a first soil guide plate 110 arranged along a first direction, the first direction is close to the vertical direction, a second soil guide plate 120 arranged along a second direction, the second direction is close to the horizontal direction, a soil guide angle is formed between the first soil guide plate 110 and the second soil guide plate 120, the soil dug out and loosened by the rotary tillage plow 20 will gather on the first soil guide plate 110, and the second soil guide plate 120 is mainly used to prevent the dug soil from flying backward and upward, therefore, a soil guide angle is formed between the first soil guide plate 110 and the second soil guide plate 120, and a large amount of dug soil will gather around the soil guide angle, and as the first soil guide plate 110 and the second soil guide plate 120 move forward, the soil in the soil guide angle will be squeezed out from both sides of the first soil guide plate 110, and a traction frame 140 connected to the first soil guide plate 110 and / or the second soil guide plate 120;

[0053] See also Figure 1 The compacting assembly 200 includes a transmission shaft 210 and a pair of arc-shaped ridging rollers 220 sleeved on the transmission shaft 210, and the arc-shaped ridging rollers 220 are fixedly sleeved on the transmission shaft 210. The arc-shaped ridging rollers 220 rotate with the rotation of the rotating shaft. The transmission shaft 210 is connected to the traction frame 140. The transmission shaft 210 mainly plays a transmission role, and the transmission shaft 210 and the traction frame 140 are rotatably connected. The traction frame 140 mainly pulls the transmission shaft 210 to move forward. The pair of arc-shaped ridging rollers 220 are arranged opposite to each other, and the outer surfaces of the arc-shaped ridging rollers 220 are arc-shaped. Compared with the traditional trapezoidal ridging roller, the ridge squeezed and compacted by the arc-shaped ridging roller 220 has an arc-shaped edge line at the bottom, and the two sides of the ridge are not easy to slide. After water is injected into the ridge, the ridge is not easy to collapse. The overall structural strength of the ridge is higher, and the spacing between the pair of arc-shaped ridging rollers 220 is adapted to the width of the first soil guide plate 110. The soil scattered from the two sides of the first soil guide plate 110 will not flow back between the pair of arc-shaped ridging rollers 220, so that the soil can always be kept in front of and on both sides of the arc-shaped ridging rollers 220, and the soil is squeezed and compacted by the arc-shaped ridging rollers 220, thereby quickly forming a ridge.

[0054] One end of the transmission assembly 300 is transmission-connected to the transmission shaft 210, and the other end is transmission-connected to the second soil guide plate 120, and the transmission assembly 300 is also transmission-connected to the tractor or the rotary tiller 20. If the transmission assembly 300 is connected to the tractor, when the tractor is driven and moves forward, it drives the transmission shaft 210 to rotate.

[0055] In one possible embodiment, see Figure 5, the angle α of the soil guide angle is: 75°≤α≤105°. When the soil guide angle is in this range, the soil dug out by the rotary tillage coulter 20 can always be kept in the limited space formed by the first soil guide plate 110 and the second soil guide plate 120, avoiding soil splashing, and allowing the soil to be scattered from both sides of the first soil guide plate 110, which is convenient for ridge formation. And the first soil guide plate 110 can level the soil at the bottom of the ridge.

[0056] Specifically, the angle α of the soil guide angle is: α=90°, that is, the first soil guide plate 110 is arranged in a vertical position, and the second soil guide plate 120 is arranged in a horizontal position.

[0057] In a preferred embodiment, see Figure 3 and Figure 5 The first soil guide plate 110 has a curved groove 111 on the side facing away from the compaction assembly 200. When soil enters the curved groove 111, the soil and the first soil guide plate 110 come into contact with the curved surface, and the soil can slide quickly in the curved groove 111. As the first soil guide plate 110 moves forward, the soil is more likely to be dispersed from both sides of the curved groove 111, and a lot of soil will not be accumulated in front of the first soil guide plate 110.

[0058] In one possible embodiment, see Figure 3 and Figure 5 The first soil guide plate 110 is also provided with a guide plow 112, which is located on the bottom surface of the first soil guide plate 110 and has a plurality of flow openings. While the guide plow 112 is leveling the soil, the guide plow 112 has a plurality of flow openings, so that gravels can flow out from the flow openings, thereby avoiding a large amount of gravels from accumulating under the first soil guide plate 110, and at the same time, facilitating the removal and collection of grass roots.

[0059] In one possible embodiment, see Figure 2 The soil guide assembly 100 further includes a third soil guide plate 130, which is disposed in the curved groove 111. The third soil guide plate 130 has a diversion function, which facilitates the rapid guidance of soil to both sides of the first soil guide plate 110, and the third soil guide plate 130 is in an upward convex shape for soil diversion.

[0060] In one possible embodiment, see Figure 2The traction frame 140 includes a first cross bar 141, a first vertical bar 142 and a first bearing 143. One end of the first cross bar 141 is detachably connected to the first soil guide plate 110, and the first vertical bar 142 is detachably connected to the other end of the first cross bar 141. The first bearing 143 is sleeved on the transmission shaft 210, and the first bearing 143 is connected to the first vertical bar 142. One end of the first cross bar 141 is connected to the first soil guide plate 110 by bolt connection, and the other end of the first cross bar 141 is also connected to the first vertical bar 142 by bolt and nut connection. The bolt and nut connection is relatively stable and easy to disassemble. At the same time, the connection between the first bearing 143 and the first vertical bar 142 can be fixedly connected by welding. The traction frame 140 can ensure that the soil guide assembly 100 and the compaction assembly 200 move synchronously. At the same time, by arranging the first bearing 143 on the transmission shaft 210, the transmission shaft 210 can keep rotating freely while being towed.

[0061] Specifically, the first cross bar 141 is an adjustable telescopic cross bar. By adjusting the length of the first cross bar 141, the first soil guide plate 110 is located in front of the arc-shaped ridging roller 220. At the same time, the first soil guide plate 110 and the arc-shaped ridging roller 220 are kept at a close distance to prevent the soil from flowing back between the pair of arc-shaped ridging rollers 220 when the soil is scattered from both sides of the first soil guide plate 110.

[0062] In a preferred embodiment, see Figure 2 In order to increase the connection strength between the first cross bar 141 and the first vertical bar 142, the traction frame 140 further includes a second vertical bar 144 and an adjustable screw rod 145. The second vertical bar 144 is vertically mounted on the second earth guide plate 120. One end of the adjustable screw rod 145 is rotatably connected to the upper top of the second vertical bar 144, and the other end of the adjustable screw rod 145 is rotatably connected to the upper top of the first vertical bar 142. By adding the second vertical bar 144 and the adjustable screw rod 145, the first cross bar 141, the second vertical bar 144 and the adjustable screw rod 145 form a triangular shape, thereby increasing the connection strength between the first cross bar 141 and the first earth guide plate 110, and the connection strength between the first cross bar 141 and the first vertical bar 142; and by adjusting the length of the adjustable screw rod 145, the first cross bar 141 and the first vertical bar 142 are in a tightened state, thereby preventing the bolts and nuts from loosening due to the shaking of the device.

[0063] In one possible embodiment, see Figure 2 or Figure 4The arc-shaped ridging roller 220 includes an edge tube 221 and an arc-shaped roller 222. The edge tube 221 is fixedly sleeved on the transmission shaft 210, and the arc-shaped roller 222 is fixedly sleeved on one end of the edge tube 221. A pressing ring 223 is provided on the outer edge of the arc-shaped roller 222. The edge tube 221 rolls on the soil on the upper end surface of the ridge, and the edge tube 221 plays a positioning role. The arc-shaped roller 222 is mainly used to squeeze and compact the soil to form a ridge, and the pressing ring 223 is used to press and form two grooves on the bottom surface of the ridge to facilitate the subsequent planting of daylilies and fertilization.

[0064] In a possible embodiment, the arc-shaped ridging roller 220 further includes a tapered roller 224, which is fixedly sleeved on the edge tube 221 and located on a side away from the arc-shaped roller 222, and the outer ring diameter of the tapered roller 224 is smaller than the outer ring diameter of the arc-shaped roller 222. By providing the tapered roller 224, a shallower ridge can be formed on the upper end surface of the ridge during the rotation of the transmission shaft 210, and interplanting can be achieved in the ridge. For example, in the early stage of planting day lily, annual crops such as radish and carrot can be planted in the shallower ridge.

[0065] In one possible embodiment, see Figure 2 , Figure 4 or Figure 6 The transmission assembly 300 includes a bearing seat 310, a second bearing 320, a connecting shaft 330, a first sprocket 340, a second sprocket 350 and a third sprocket 360. The bearing seat 310 is installed on the second earth guide plate 120, the second bearing 320 is installed on the bearing seat 310, the connecting shaft 330 is arranged through the second bearing 320, the first sprocket 340 is sleeved on one end of the connecting shaft 330, the second sprocket 350 is sleeved on the other end of the connecting shaft 330, and the third sprocket 360 is sleeved on the transmission shaft 210. For example, by setting a connecting chain on the tractor or the rotary tiller 20, the chain rotates with the first sprocket 340, the first sprocket 340 drives the connecting shaft 330 to rotate around the second bearing 320, the connecting shaft 330 drives the second sprocket 350 to rotate, and the second sprocket 350 and the third sprocket 360 are connected by a chain, the second sprocket 350 drives the third sprocket 360 to rotate, the third sprocket 360 is fixedly connected to the transmission shaft 210, the rotation of the third sprocket 360 drives the transmission shaft 210 to rotate, and then drives the arc ridging roller 220 to rotate.

[0066] In a possible embodiment, the transmission shaft 210 is further provided with a third bearing, and the third bearing is located at both ends of the transmission shaft 210. In order to maintain the stability of the rotary tillage plow 20 and the ridging and compacting device, an outer frame is provided, and the outer frame is connected to the tractor, and at the same time, the outer frame is connected to the soil guide assembly 100, and the outer frame is also connected to the compacting assembly 200. Specifically, the outer frame is connected to the third bearing to maintain the overall stability of the device.

[0067] The specific use process of the ridging and compacting device is as follows:

[0068] The main shaft on the tractor is connected to the rotary tillage coulter 20, driving the rotary tillage coulter 20 to move, and the rotary tillage coulter 20 is connected to the ridging and compacting device through an external frame, driving the ridging and compacting device to move;

[0069] The startup process is: see Figure 1 and Figure 8 The rotary tillage plow 20 is driven to rotate by the output shaft of the tractor in cooperation with the gearbox, and then connected to the gearbox through one end of the chain, and the first sprocket 340 at the other end of the chain is connected and rotated, and the first sprocket 340 drives the connecting shaft 330 to rotate around the second bearing 320, and the connecting shaft 330 drives the second sprocket 350 to rotate, and the second sprocket 350 is connected to the third sprocket 360 through a chain, and the second sprocket 350 drives the third sprocket 360 to rotate, and the third sprocket 360 is fixedly sleeved with the transmission shaft 210, and the rotation of the third sprocket 360 drives the transmission shaft 210 to rotate, so as to start the ridging and compacting device; The pulling machine moves forward, driving the rotary tillage plow 20 to dig out the soil, and the soil flies out to the rear and upward. A large amount of the dug soil will gather around the soil guide angle. As the soil is guided and diverted by the third soil guide plate 130, it moves along the curved groove 111 to the two sides of the first soil guide plate 110. The arc-shaped ridging roller 220 at the rear moves forward, and the edge tube 221 rolls on the ridge ground. The arc-shaped roller 222 squeezes and compacts the soil scattered on both sides of the first soil guide plate 110, thereby forming a deeper first ridge. At the same time, the conical roller 224 moves forward synchronously to form a shallower second ridge on the soil, thereby finally forming a ridge for planting daylily.

[0070] The following are the planting methods on flat land, the planting method under the trapezoidal ridges, and the planting method under the arc ridges.

[0071] Experimental Example 1

[0072] How to plant daylily on flat ground

[0073] Basic conditions of the experimental site: This experiment was conducted in Hongguan Village, Hongsibao District, Wuzhong City. The soil texture is yellow cotton sandy land with medium soil fertility. The degree of salinity is relatively light, and the drainage and irrigation conditions are good; the basic soil test results are total nitrogen 257mg / kg, available phosphorus 14.3mg / kg, available potassium 27.4mg / kg, and pH value 7.9.

[0074] Planting preparation: Select 1 mu of land and record it as experimental site 1;

[0075] Experimental site 1 was pretreated by spreading organic fertilizer on the flat surface. The organic fertilizer was a mixture of crushed cattle and sheep manure. 3000 kg of organic fertilizer was spread per mu, and the land was leveled after deep plowing with a plowshare.

[0076] The experimental site 1 was treated for the second time by spreading inorganic fertilizer on the flat surface. The inorganic fertilizer was a mixed inorganic fertilizer formed by mixing nitrogen fertilizer, phosphorus fertilizer and potassium fertilizer in a ratio of 10:5:2. The ground was leveled after rotary tillage with a rotary tiller.

[0077] Tillering seedlings: Plant seedlings on April 15th in spring, with row spacing of 90 cm and 40 seedlings spaced 30 cm apart in one acre of land, with 5,000 seedlings planted per acre.

[0078] Increase water and fertilizer: irrigate water and fertilizer twice a month, with an interval of 15 days.

[0079] Picking flower buds: Pick flower buds of daylily on June 15, July 5, July 20 and August 10 every year, and weigh them after each picking. Since fresh daylily contains water droplets, the weighing water content is high, so the weighing is based on the dry daylily, that is, the daylily is dried and then weighed to calculate the total yield per mu; continue for 3 years.

[0080] The soil moisture, average seedling height, average flower bud length, yield per mu in the first, second and third years, and the survival rate of seedlings in the first year were recorded.

[0081] Among them, soil moisture refers to: due to the large evaporation of soil moisture in Huangmiansha land and poor water retention effect, after water and fertilizer are introduced into the land, after an interval of 5 days, any position of the land is randomly selected, and the soil moisture is measured using a soil moisture meter. (After irrigating the land with water and fertilizer, if there is rainfall and other factors within the next 5 days, the measurement of soil moisture is suspended until the sun shines continuously for 5 days, and then the soil moisture is measured again). The soil moisture indirectly reflects the soil water retention effect, that is, the higher the soil moisture, the better the soil water retention effect, and vice versa.

[0082] The average seedling height at 40cm is: using the random sampling method, randomly select day lilies from the acre of production area, measure the heights of several mature day lilies, obtain the average value, and get the average seedling height at 40cm.

[0083] The average flower bud length is: using the random sampling method, randomly select the picked daylily flower buds, measure the lengths of several flower buds, obtain the average value, and obtain the average flower bud length.

[0084] The yield per mu is: after each time the flower buds of the yellow cabbage are picked, they are dried, and the weight of all the dry flower buds after picking and drying is weighed to obtain the total weight of the flower buds, which is the yield per mu.

[0085] The survival rate of the 40 seedlings in the first year is: using the random sampling method, randomly sample all the daylilies in a certain area, the survival rate % = (all plants that survived after maturity) / (40 seedlings planted in the soil), if all the plants that survived after maturity in a random area A are 92, and the 40 seedlings planted in the same area A at the beginning are 98, then the survival rate % = 92 / 98 = 93.88%. Note: Since the root system of the daylily will divide in the second year and later, it is not easy to calculate the survival rate.

[0086] See the table below for planting daylily on flat ground (1)

[0087]

[0088] (1)

[0090] Experimental Example 2

[0091] Planting method of daylily in trapezoidal ridges (planting in the water and fertilizer area of ​​the trapezoidal ridges)

[0092] Basic conditions of the experimental site: Same as experimental site 1.

[0093] Planting preparation: Select 1 mu of land, located on one side of experimental site 1, and record it as experimental site 2;

[0094] Experimental site 2 was pretreated by spreading organic fertilizer on the flat surface. The organic fertilizer was a mixture of crushed cattle and sheep manure. 3000 kg of organic fertilizer was spread per mu, and the land was leveled after deep plowing with a plowshare.

[0095] The experimental site 2 was treated for the second time by spreading inorganic fertilizer on the flat surface. The inorganic fertilizer was a mixed inorganic fertilizer formed by mixing nitrogen fertilizer, phosphorus fertilizer and potassium fertilizer in a ratio of 10:5:2. The ground was leveled after rotary tillage with a rotary tiller.

[0096] Furrowing and ridge forming: After the rotary tillage plow opens furrows, a trapezoidal ridging roller is used to compact the ridges to form a trapezoidal lower ridge. The bottom width of the ridge is 70 cm, the mouth width of the ridge is 120 cm, the depth of the ridge is 25 cm, and the width of adjacent ridges is 90 cm.

[0097] Tillering seedlings: Plant seedlings on April 15 in spring, plant 40 seedlings at the bottom of the trapezoidal lower ridge, that is, in the water and fertilizer area, plant one mu of land, and plant 5,000 seedlings per mu.

[0098] Increase water and fertilizer: irrigate water and fertilizer twice a month, with an interval of 15 days.

[0099] Picking flower buds: Pick flower buds of daylily on June 15, July 5, July 20 and August 10 every year, and weigh them after each picking. Since fresh daylily contains water droplets, the weighing water content is high, so the weighing is based on the dry daylily, that is, the daylily is dried and then weighed to calculate the total yield per mu; continue for 3 years.

[0100] The soil moisture, average seedling height, average flower bud length, yield per mu in the first, second and third years, and the survival rate of seedlings in the first year were recorded.

[0101] The water and fertilizer areas for planting daylily in the trapezoidal ridges are shown in the table below (2).

[0102] (2)

[0104] Experimental Example 3

[0105] Daylily planting method in trapezoidal ridges (planted in the planting area of ​​the trapezoidal ridges)

[0106] Basic conditions of the experimental site: Same as experimental site 1.

[0107] Planting preparation: Select 1 mu of land, located on the side of experimental site 1, and record it as experimental site 3;

[0108] Experimental site 3 was pretreated by spreading organic fertilizer on the flat surface. The organic fertilizer was a mixture of crushed cattle and sheep manure. 3000 kg of organic fertilizer was spread per mu, and the land was leveled after deep plowing with a plowshare.

[0109] Experimental site 3 was treated for the second time by spreading inorganic fertilizer on the flat surface. The inorganic fertilizer was a mixed inorganic fertilizer formed by mixing nitrogen fertilizer, phosphorus fertilizer and potassium fertilizer in a ratio of 10:5:2. The ground was leveled after rotary tillage with a rotary tiller.

[0110] Furrowing and ridge forming: After the rotary tillage plow opens furrows, a trapezoidal ridging roller is used to compact the ridges to form a trapezoidal lower ridge. The bottom width of the ridge is 70 cm, the mouth width of the ridge is 120 cm, the depth of the ridge is 25 cm, and the width of adjacent ridges is 90 cm.

[0111] Tillering seedlings: Plant seedlings on April 15 in spring, plant 40 seedlings on the ridges on both sides of the trapezoidal lower ridge ditch, that is, in the planting area, plant a full acre of land, with 5,000 seedlings per acre.

[0112] Increase water and fertilizer: irrigate water and fertilizer twice a month, with an interval of 15 days.

[0113] Picking flower buds: Pick flower buds of daylily on June 15, July 5, July 20 and August 10 every year, and weigh them after each picking. Since fresh daylily contains water droplets, the weighing water content is high, so the weighing is based on the dry daylily, that is, the daylily is dried and then weighed to calculate the total yield per mu; continue for 3 years.

[0114] The soil moisture, average seedling height, average flower bud length, yield per mu in the first, second and third years, and the survival rate of seedlings in the first year were recorded.

[0115] The planting area of ​​the daylily trapezoidal ridge is shown in the following table (3):

[0116] (3)

[0118] Experimental Example 4

[0119] Planting method of daylily in arc-shaped furrow (planting in the water and fertilizer area of ​​the arc-shaped furrow)

[0120] Basic conditions of the experimental site: Same as experimental site 1.

[0121] Planting preparation: Select 1 mu of land, located on the side of experimental site 1, and record it as experimental site 4;

[0122] Experimental site 4 was pretreated by spreading organic fertilizer on the flat surface. The organic fertilizer was a mixture of crushed cattle and sheep manure. 3000 kg of organic fertilizer was spread per mu, and the land was leveled after deep plowing with a plowshare.

[0123] The experimental site 4 was treated for the second time by spreading inorganic fertilizer on the flat surface. The inorganic fertilizer was a mixed inorganic fertilizer formed by mixing nitrogen fertilizer, phosphorus fertilizer and potassium fertilizer in a ratio of 10:5:2. The ground was leveled after rotary tillage with a rotary tiller.

[0124] Furrowing and ridge forming: After the rotary tillage plow opens furrows, arc-shaped ridging rollers are used to compact the ridges to form arc-shaped lower furrows. The furrow bottom width of the furrow is 70 cm, the furrow mouth width is 120 cm, the furrow depth of the furrow is 25 cm, and the width of adjacent furrows is 90 cm.

[0125] Tillering seedlings: Plant seedlings on April 15 in spring, plant 40 seedlings at the bottom of the arc-shaped lower ridge, that is, in the water and fertilizer area, plant one mu of land, and plant 5,000 seedlings per mu.

[0126] Increase water and fertilizer: irrigate water and fertilizer twice a month, with an interval of 15 days.

[0127] Picking flower buds: Pick flower buds of daylily on June 15, July 5, July 20 and August 10 every year, and weigh them after each picking. Since fresh daylily contains water droplets, the weighing water content is high, so the weighing is based on the dry daylily, that is, the daylily is dried and then weighed to calculate the total yield per mu; continue for 3 years.

[0128] The soil moisture, average seedling height, average flower bud length, yield per mu in the first, second and third years, and the survival rate of seedlings in the first year were recorded.

[0129] The water and fertilizer area for planting daylily in the arc-shaped ridge is shown in the table below (4).

[0130] (4)

[0132] Experimental Example 5

[0133] Daylily planting method under the arc ridge (planting in the planting area of ​​the arc ridge)

[0134] Basic conditions of the experimental site: Same as experimental site 1.

[0135] Planting preparation: Select 1 mu of land, located on the side of experimental site 1, and record it as experimental site 5;

[0136] Experimental site 5 was pretreated by spreading organic fertilizer on the flat surface. The organic fertilizer was a mixture of crushed cattle and sheep manure. 3000 kg of organic fertilizer was spread per mu, and the land was leveled after deep plowing with a plowshare.

[0137] The experimental site 5 was treated for the second time by spreading inorganic fertilizer on the flat surface. The inorganic fertilizer was a mixed inorganic fertilizer formed by mixing nitrogen fertilizer, phosphorus fertilizer and potassium fertilizer in a ratio of 10:5:2. The ground was leveled after rotary tillage with a rotary tiller.

[0138] Furrowing and ridge forming: After the rotary tillage plow opens furrows, arc-shaped ridging rollers are used to compact the ridges to form arc-shaped lower furrows. The furrow bottom width of the furrow is 70 cm, the furrow mouth width is 120 cm, the furrow depth of the furrow is 25 cm, and the width of adjacent furrows is 90 cm.

[0139] Tillering seedlings: Plant seedlings on April 15 in spring, plant 40 seedlings on the ridges on both sides of the arc-shaped lower ridge ditch, that is, in the planting area, plant a full acre of land, and plant 5,000 seedlings per acre.

[0140] Increase water and fertilizer: irrigate water and fertilizer twice a month, with an interval of 15 days.

[0141] Picking flower buds: Pick flower buds of daylily on June 15, July 5, July 20 and August 10 every year, and weigh them after each picking. Since fresh daylily contains water droplets, the weighing water content is high, so the weighing is based on the dry daylily, that is, the daylily is dried and then weighed to calculate the total yield per mu; continue for 3 years.

[0142] The soil moisture, average seedling height, average flower bud length, yield per mu in the first, second and third years, and the survival rate of seedlings in the first year were recorded.

[0143] The planting area of ​​the daylily arc-shaped ridge is shown in the following table (5).

[0144] (5)

[0146] From the above list, we can see

[0147] 1. By comparing Table (1) with Table (2), Table (3), Table (4) and Table (5), the ridge and furrow planting method is better than the flat land planting method in the following aspects: 1. The soil moisture % of the ridge and furrow planting method is higher than that of the flat land planting method, which indirectly reflects that the soil has better water retention effect and the moisture retention effect is significantly improved; 2. The average flower bud length of the day lily planted in the ridge and furrow planting method is longer than that of the day lily planted in the flat land; 3. By comparing the per mu yield in the first, second and third years, the per mu yield of the day lily planted in the ridge and furrow planting method is significantly higher than that of the day lily planted in the flat land; 4. By comparing the first-year survival rate of the day lily planted in the ridge and furrow planting method with the first-year survival rate of the day lily planted in the flat land, the first-year survival rate is increased. Therefore, the ridge and furrow planting method of daylily has good water-saving and moisture-retaining effects. The yield increase per mu is about 100kg to 150kg, and the yield increase rate per mu is about 25% to 37%, which improves economic benefits. At the same time, it can improve the survival rate of daylily, which is beneficial to the root division of daylily root system in the next few years. Because the daylily buds can absorb water for a long time, the buds are longer, and the longer daylily buds also have better economic benefits.

[0148] 2. By comparing Table (3) with Table (2), the soil moisture, average seedling height at 40°, and average flower bud length are similar. However, by comparing the per-acre yield in the first, second, and third years, the per-acre yield of the daylily planted in the trapezoidal ridge and ditch planting area is higher than that in the trapezoidal ridge and ditch water and fertilizer area. The first-year survival rate of the daylily planted in the trapezoidal ridge and ditch planting area is higher than that in the trapezoidal ridge and ditch water and fertilizer area. By comparing Table (5) with Table (4), the soil moisture, average seedling height at 40°, and average flower bud length are similar. However, by comparing the per-acre yield in the first, second, and third years, the per-acre yield of the daylily planted in the trapezoidal ridge and ditch planting area is higher than that in the trapezoidal ridge and ditch water and fertilizer area. The yield per mu of daylily planted in the arc-shaped ridge planting area is higher than that of daylily planted in the arc-shaped ridge water and fertilizer area, and the first-year survival rate of daylily planted in the arc-shaped ridge planting area is higher than that of daylily planted in the arc-shaped ridge water and fertilizer area; therefore, planting daylily on both sides of the ridge, that is, in the planting area, prevents the phenomenon that the roots of seedlings 40 are easily rotten due to long-term immersion, improves the survival rate of seedlings 40, and through infiltration, the roots of seedlings 40 continuously absorb water and nutrients in the water, which is beneficial to the growth of daylily, improves the per mu yield of daylily, and increases the economic benefits of daylily.

[0149] 3. By comparing Table (5) with Table (3), the soil moisture, average seedling height 40, and average bud length are similar. However, the first-year survival rate of the day lily planted in the arc-shaped ridge planting area is higher than that of the day lily planted in the trapezoidal ridge planting area. Therefore, the bottom of the arc-shaped ridge is an arc-shaped edge line, and the two sides of the ridge are not easy to slide. After water is injected into the ridge, the ridge is not easy to collapse. The overall structural strength of the ridge is higher, and the seedlings 40 in the planting area will not fall due to the collapse of the ridge, which improves the survival rate of the seedlings 40, thereby achieving an increase in the yield of day lily per mu.

[0150] Obviously, the above embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other different forms of changes or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is not necessary and impossible to list all the embodiments here. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for planting daylily in cotton sandy land, characterized in that: include S1 Cotton sand land pretreatment: spread organic fertilizer on the flat surface, perform rotary tillage, and level the cotton sand land; S2 cotton sand land secondary treatment, spreading inorganic fertilizer on the flat surface, performing secondary rotary tillage, and leveling the cotton sand land; S3 digs furrows and ridges to form furrows; S4 tillering seedlings, selecting perennial daylily with no diseases or insect pests and dividing 1 / 3 to 1 / 4 of the tillers as seedlings, and planting the seedlings in the furrows; S5: increasing water and fertilizer, introducing water and fertilizer into the ridge ditch, or spreading compound fertilizer at the bottom of the ridge ditch, and then introducing irrigation water.

2. The method for planting day lily in cotton sandy land according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom width of the ridge is 60cm to 80cm, the mouth width of the ridge is 100cm to 120cm, the depth of the ridge is 20cm to 30cm, and the width of adjacent ditches is 80cm to 100cm.

3. The method for planting daylily in cotton sandy land according to claim 1, characterized in that: Along the height direction, the ridge is divided into a water and fertilizer area, a planting area and a growth area from bottom to top, and the seedlings are planted on the ridge surface of the planting area.

4. The method for planting day lily in cotton sandy land as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: The distance between adjacent seedlings in the ridge is 30 cm to 40 cm.

5. The method for planting day lily in cotton sandy land as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: The ridge is pressed into an arc-shaped lower ridge by a ridge forming and compacting device.

6. The method for planting day lily in cotton sandy land as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: The ridging and compacting device is matched with a rotary tillage plow, and the ridging and compacting device includes a soil guide assembly, a compacting assembly and a transmission assembly; the soil guide assembly includes a first soil guide plate arranged along a first direction, a second soil guide plate arranged along a second direction, a soil guide angle is formed between the first soil guide plate and the second soil guide plate, and a traction frame connected to the first soil guide plate and / or the second soil guide plate; the compacting assembly includes a transmission shaft and a pair of arc-shaped ridging rollers sleeved on the transmission shaft, the transmission shaft is connected to the traction frame, the pair of arc-shaped ridging rollers are arranged opposite to each other, and the spacing between the pair of arc-shaped ridging rollers is adapted to the width of the first soil guide plate; one end of the transmission assembly is transmission-connected to the transmission shaft, and the other end is transmission-connected to the second soil guide plate.

7. The method for planting day lily in cotton sandy land as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: A curved groove is provided on the side of the first soil guide plate facing away from the compaction assembly; a guide plow is also provided on the first soil guide plate, the guide plow is located on the lower bottom surface of the first soil guide plate, and a plurality of flow openings are provided on the guide plow.

8. The method for planting day lily in cotton sandy land according to claim 6, characterized in that: The arc-shaped ridging roller comprises an edge tube and an arc-shaped roller. The edge tube is fixedly sleeved on the transmission shaft, the arc-shaped roller is fixedly sleeved on one end of the edge tube, and a pressure ring is arranged on the outer edge of the arc-shaped roller.

9. The method for planting day lily in cotton sandy land as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that: The arc-shaped ridging roller also includes a tapered roller, which is fixedly sleeved on the edge tube and located on a side away from the arc-shaped roller. The outer ring diameter of the tapered roller is smaller than the outer ring diameter of the arc-shaped roller.

10. The method for planting day lily in cotton sandy land according to claim 6, characterized in that: The transmission assembly includes a bearing seat, a second bearing, a connecting shaft, a first sprocket, a second sprocket and a third sprocket. The bearing seat is installed on the second soil guide plate, the second bearing is installed on the bearing seat, the connecting shaft passes through the second bearing, the first sprocket is sleeved on one end of the connecting shaft, the second sprocket is sleeved on the other end of the connecting shaft, and the third sprocket is sleeved on the transmission shaft.

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