Biodiversity maintenance function priority protection area delimiting method, device and equipment and storage medium

Abstract

The invention provides a biodiversity maintenance function priority protection area delimiting method and device, equipment and a storage medium, and relates to the technical field of ecological planning. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring basic data of a target area and preprocessing the basic data; dividing the preprocessed basic data according to a climatic element criterion layer, a species protection criterion layer, a vegetation growth criterion layer, an ecological system protection criterion layer and a human activity interference criterion layer, and calculating spatial distribution of each criterion layer; calculating a comprehensive evaluation value of the importance of the biodiversity maintenance function based on the spatial distribution of each criterion layer; and according to the size of the comprehensive evaluation value, a natural discontinuity point method is adopted for grading, and a biodiversity maintenance function priority protection area is determined. According to the method, various factors such as climate, species, ecological systems, vegetation growth and human interference are integrated, the biodiversity maintenance function priority protection area can be more accurately delimited, and technical support is provided for regional biodiversity protection and ecological safety pattern construction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of ecological planning, and in particular to a method, device, equipment and storage medium for delineating priority protection areas for biodiversity maintenance functions. Background Art

[0002] Biodiversity maintenance is one of the most important functions provided by ecosystems, and plays an important role in maintaining the diversity of genes, species and ecosystems. Biodiversity is related to human well-being and is an important foundation for human survival and development. Affected by multiple factors such as population growth, industrialization and urbanization, habitat degradation or loss, overexploitation of resources, environmental pollution, invasion of alien species and climate change, biodiversity loss has become one of the major global environmental issues, and biodiversity conservation has received increasing attention from the international community and governments of various countries. Faced with the limited investment in funds, manpower and time for biodiversity conservation, the uneven spatial distribution of biodiversity and the spatial differences in the degree of threat, the identification and delineation of priority protection areas for biodiversity maintenance functions has become an efficient and feasible way to implement protection, providing support for the formulation of regional biodiversity conservation plans and the construction of an ecological security pattern.

[0003] The existing traditional biodiversity measurement methods mostly use administrative boundaries as assessment units, apply actual ground survey data and statistical data to a certain level of administrative regions, and rarely pay attention to the spatial distribution pattern of biodiversity at the grid level, which cannot meet the current needs of biodiversity maintenance function importance assessment and regional ecological security pattern construction. The existing grid-level biodiversity maintenance function importance assessment models have different selected assessment factors, and most of them do not consider the influence of factors such as human activities, biomass and vegetation coverage. The evaluation criteria are also different, which cannot truly reflect the spatial distribution pattern of the importance of biodiversity maintenance functions at the regional scale, and cannot provide scientific and effective suggestions for biodiversity conservation. Summary of the invention

[0004] Purpose of the invention: To propose a method, device, equipment and storage medium for demarcating priority protection areas for biodiversity maintenance functions, aiming to improve the accuracy and rationality of the assessment of the importance of biodiversity maintenance functions, and to provide more scientific technical support for biodiversity conservation, so as to solve the above-mentioned problems existing in the prior art.

[0005] In a first aspect of the present invention, a method for delineating priority protection areas for biodiversity maintenance functions is provided, comprising the following steps:

[0006] Acquire basic data of the target area, and pre-process the basic data;

[0007] The pre-processed basic data are divided into the climate element criterion layer, species protection criterion layer, vegetation growth criterion layer, ecosystem protection criterion layer, and human activity interference criterion layer, and the spatial distribution of each criterion layer is calculated;

[0008] Based on the spatial distribution of each criterion layer, a comprehensive assessment value is calculated to assess the importance of biodiversity maintenance functions in the target area;

[0009] According to the size of the comprehensive assessment value, the natural breakpoint method is used for classification to determine the priority protection areas for biodiversity maintenance functions.

[0010] In a further embodiment, the basic data include annual precipitation, average annual temperature, bird richness, amphibian richness, mammal richness, vegetation type, net primary productivity, vegetation cover, aboveground biomass, nature reserves and land use type;

[0011] The basic data is sequentially formatted, projected, cropped, and resampled, and the preprocessed basic data is output;

[0012] The spatial distribution of each criterion layer is output as the standardized value of the climate element C i , species protection standardized value S i , Vegetation growth normalized value V i , Ecosystem protection standardized value E i and human activity disturbance index HB i .

[0013] In a further embodiment, the standardized value of the climate element is obtained based on the annual average temperature and annual precipitation data, and the calculation formula is as follows:

[0014] C i =w 1 ·Pre i +w 2 ·Tem i

[0015] In the formula, C i is the standardized value of the climate element at grid i, Tem i is the normalized annual average temperature of grid i, Pre i is the normalized annual precipitation of grid i, w 1 and w 2 are the weights of temperature and precipitation respectively.

[0016] In a further embodiment, the species protection standardized value is obtained based on the bird, mammal, amphibian richness and vegetation type data, and the calculation formula is as follows:

[0017] S i =w3 Bir i +w 4 ·Mam i +w 5 ·Am i +w 6 ·Veg i

[0018] In the formula, S i is the species conservation standardized value of grid i, Bir i is the normalized bird richness of grid i, Mam i is the normalized mammal abundance of grid i, Am i is the normalized amphibian richness of grid i, Veg i is the normalized vegetation type of grid i, w 3 、w 4 、w 5 and w 6 are the weights of birds, mammals, amphibians and vegetation respectively.

[0019] In a further embodiment, the vegetation growth normalized value is obtained based on the net primary productivity, vegetation coverage and aboveground biomass data, and the calculation formula is as follows:

[0020] V i =w 7 ·NPP i +w 8 ·FVC i +w 9 ·AGB i

[0021] Where V i is the normalized value of vegetation growth at grid i, NPP i is the normalized net primary productivity of grid i, FVC i is the normalized vegetation coverage of grid i, AGB i is the normalized aboveground biomass of grid i, w 7 、w 8 and w 9 are the weights of NPP, FVC and AGB respectively.

[0022] In a further embodiment, the ecosystem protection normalized value E i Based on the data of nature reserves, the value is assigned according to the level of nature reserves. Provincial nature reserves E i =0.7, National Nature Reserve E i =1, while other regions E i =0.

[0023] In a further embodiment, the human activity interference index is obtained based on land use type data, and the calculation formula is as follows:

[0024] HB i =(Farm i +Town i ) / A

[0025] In the formula, H i is the human activity interference index of grid i, Farm i is the farmland ecosystem area of ​​grid i, Town i is the area of ​​the urban ecosystem, and A is the area of ​​the grid.

[0026] In a further embodiment, the calculation formula of the comprehensive evaluation value is:

[0027] Bio i =w c ·C i +w s ·S i +w v ·V i +w e ·E i -w h ·H i

[0028] In the formula, Bio i is the comprehensive evaluation value of the importance of biodiversity maintenance function in grid i; C i is the standardized value of the climate element of grid i, S i is the species conservation standardized value of grid i, E i is the standardized value of the ecosystem protection criterion layer, V i is the normalized value of vegetation growth at grid i, H i is the normalized value of human activity interference, w c 、w s 、w v 、w e and w h are the weights of each criterion layer.

[0029] In a further embodiment, according to Bio i The importance of biodiversity maintenance functions is divided into four levels using the natural breakpoint classification method: unimportant, moderately important, important, and extremely important, including:

[0030] Calculate the sum of squared deviations from the mean of the entire importance assessment data set, SDAM:

[0031]

[0032] In the formula, x i is the i-th data value in the importance comprehensive evaluation value data set, is the average value of the comprehensive importance evaluation value data set;

[0033] According to the order of data set values ​​from small to large, with the goal of dividing into four levels, iterate each possible breakpoint combination, and calculate the squared deviation and squared sum SDCM of the mean of each combination category:

[0034]

[0035] In the formula, C j is the jth category, is the average value for the category;

[0036] Calculate the variance goodness of fit GVF for each combination:

[0037]

[0038] The value of GVF is between 0 and 1, 1 indicates an extremely good fit and 0 indicates an extremely poor fit;

[0039] The variance goodness of fit of each combination was compared, and the group with the largest variance goodness of fit was the optimal breakpoint; the optimal breakpoint was used to divide different levels of importance of biodiversity maintenance functions.

[0040] The areas corresponding to important and extremely important are the priority protection areas for biodiversity maintenance functions designated in the target areas.

[0041] A second aspect of the present invention provides a device for demarcating priority protection areas for biodiversity maintenance functions, the device comprising: a data acquisition module, a first calculation execution module, a second calculation execution module, a classification module, and an output module.

[0042] The data acquisition module is used to acquire basic data of the target area and pre-process the basic data;

[0043] The first calculation execution module is used to divide the pre-processed basic data according to the climate element criterion layer, the species protection criterion layer, the vegetation growth criterion layer, the ecosystem protection criterion layer, and the human activity interference criterion layer, and calculate the spatial distribution of each criterion layer;

[0044] The second calculation execution module calculates a comprehensive evaluation value for evaluating the importance of biodiversity maintenance functions in the target area based on the spatial distribution of each criterion layer;

[0045] The classification module divides the importance of biodiversity maintenance functions into several levels using the natural breakpoint method according to the size of the comprehensive evaluation value;

[0046] The output module outputs the priority protection areas for biodiversity maintenance functions based on the levels divided by the classification module.

[0047] According to a third aspect of the present invention, an electronic device is proposed, comprising at least one processor and a memory communicatively connected to the at least one processor; wherein the memory stores instructions, and the instructions are executed by the at least one processor so that when the at least one processor executes the instructions, the method for demarcating priority protection areas for biodiversity maintenance functions as disclosed in the first aspect and its further embodiments is implemented.

[0048] In a fourth aspect of the present invention, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, which stores computer-executable instructions for causing a computer to execute the method for demarcating priority protection areas for biodiversity maintenance functions as disclosed in the first aspect and further embodiments thereof.

[0049] Compared with the existing technology, the present invention integrates multiple factors such as climate, species, ecosystems, vegetation growth and human interference, and proposes a scientific method for assessing the importance of biodiversity maintenance functions. It can more accurately delineate priority protection areas for biodiversity maintenance functions and provide technical support for regional biodiversity conservation and ecological security pattern construction. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0050] Figure 1 Flow chart of a method for delineating priority protection areas for biodiversity maintenance functions according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0051] Figure 2 This is a spatial distribution pattern diagram of the standardized values ​​of the criterion layer of climate elements.

[0052] Figure 3 Spatial distribution pattern of standardized values ​​for species conservation criterion strata.

[0053] Figure 4 This is the spatial distribution pattern of the standardized values ​​of the vegetation growth criterion layer.

[0054] Figure 5 This is a spatial distribution pattern map of the standardized values ​​of the ecosystem protection criterion layer.

[0055] Figure 6 This is the spatial distribution pattern of the standardized values ​​of the human activity interference criterion layer.

[0056] Figure 7 Map of spatial distribution patterns classified by importance of biodiversity maintenance functions.

[0057] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a device for demarcating a priority protection zone for biodiversity maintenance function in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0058] In the following description, a large number of specific details are provided to provide a more thorough understanding of the present invention. However, it is apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention can be implemented without one or more of these details. In other examples, in order to avoid confusion with the present invention, some technical features known in the art are not described.

[0059] The embodiments of the present invention are further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0060] The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein the accompanying drawings constitute a part of this application and are used to illustrate the principles of the present invention together with the embodiments of the present invention.

[0061] According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, taking a province in my country in 2020 as an example, a method for demarcating priority protection areas for biodiversity maintenance functions is disclosed, such as Figure 1 As shown, the specific steps include:

[0062] Step S1: Obtain basic data of the study area and preprocess the basic data.

[0063] A. Basic data include annual precipitation, average annual temperature, bird richness, amphibian richness, mammal richness, vegetation type, net primary productivity, vegetation cover, aboveground biomass, nature reserves and land use type.

[0064] In this embodiment, grid data of annual precipitation, average annual temperature, bird richness, amphibian richness, mammal richness and vegetation type are obtained with a spatial resolution of 1 km; grid data of primary productivity, vegetation coverage and aboveground biomass are obtained with a spatial resolution of 500 m; vector data of nature reserves are obtained, including the spatial distribution of various nature reserves at the provincial and national levels; grid data of land use types are obtained with a spatial resolution of 16 m.

[0065] B. Data preprocessing: In ArcGIS, the above basic data are processed by format conversion, projection coordinate system conversion, clipping, resampling, etc., so that each data is unified to have the same projection coordinate system, the same image resolution (except land use type data) and the same spatial distribution area, so as to facilitate superposition and calculation in subsequent steps. Among them:

[0066] The vegetation type data attributes are classified data. First, they are assigned values ​​according to Table 1, and then the projection coordinate system is converted, clipped, resampled, etc.

[0067] Table 1 Corresponding values ​​of vegetation type data

[0068] Vegetation Type Assignment other 0.5 One-year grain crops and cold-resistant cash crops 1 One-year grain crops, cold-resistant cash crops, and deciduous fruit orchards 1.5 Dryland and deciduous orchards with three crops in two years or two crops in one year 1.6 Cold temperate and temperate swamps 2 Temperate Grass 2.5 Temperate grass and forb halophytic meadow 3 Typical temperate tussock grass steppe 3.5 Temperate grass and forb meadow 4 Temperate deciduous shrub 6 Cold temperate and temperate mountain coniferous forests 7 Temperate coniferous forest 7.5 Temperate deciduous small-leaved sparse forest 8 Temperate deciduous broad-leaved forest 8.5 Temperate coniferous and deciduous broad-leaved mixed forest 9.5

[0069] For the nature reserve data, firstly, based on the vector boundary of the study area, the Union tool was used in ArcGIS to divide the entire study area into three categories: national nature reserves, provincial nature reserves, and other areas. Then, a graded value was assigned, with each type of provincial nature reserve being assigned a value of 0.7, a national nature reserve being assigned a value of 1, and other areas being assigned a value of 0. Finally, the vector data was converted into grid data, and the projection coordinate system conversion, clipping, resampling and other processing were performed.

[0070] Step S2: Calculate the spatial distribution of the climate element criterion layer, species protection criterion layer, vegetation growth criterion layer, ecosystem protection criterion layer and human activity interference criterion layer in the study area based on the basic data, and then perform normalization processing to obtain the standardized value C of the climate element. i , species protection standardized value S i , Vegetation growth normalized value V i , Ecosystem protection standardized value E i and the normalized value of human activity interference H i Specifically:

[0071] First, the annual precipitation, annual average temperature, bird richness, amphibian richness, mammal richness, vegetation type, net primary productivity, vegetation cover, aboveground biomass and nature reserve data preprocessed in step S1 are normalized so that their values ​​are all within the range of 0 to 1.

[0072] The climate element criterion layer is obtained based on the annual average temperature and annual precipitation data, and the calculation formula is as follows:

[0073] C i =w 1 ·Pre i +w 2 ·Tem i

[0074] In the formula, C i is the standardized value of the climate element at grid i, Tem i is the normalized annual average temperature of grid i, Pre i is the normalized annual precipitation of grid i, w 1 and w 2 are the weights of temperature and precipitation, respectively, which can be set according to the climate characteristics of the study area. In this example, both are set to 50%.

[0075] The species conservation criteria layer is based on the abundance of birds, mammals, amphibians and vegetation types, and the calculation formula is as follows:

[0076] S i =w 3 Biri +w 4 ·Mam i +w 5 ·Am i +w 6 ·Veg i

[0077] In the formula, S i is the species conservation standardized value of grid i, Bir i is the normalized bird richness of grid i, Mam i is the normalized mammal abundance of grid i, Am i is the normalized amphibian richness of grid i, Veg i is the normalized vegetation type of grid i, w 3 、w 4 、w 5 and w 6 These are the weights of birds, mammals, amphibians and vegetation, which can be set according to the protection focus of the study area. In this example, they are all set to 25%.

[0078] The vegetation growth criterion layer is based on the net primary productivity, vegetation cover and aboveground biomass data, and the calculation formula is as follows:

[0079] V i =w 7 ·NPP i +w 8 ·FVC i +w 9 ·AGB i

[0080] Where V i is the normalized value of vegetation growth at grid i, NPP i is the normalized net primary productivity of grid i, FVC i is the normalized vegetation coverage of grid i, AGB i is the normalized aboveground biomass of grid i, w 7 、w 8 and w 9 are the weights of NPP, FVC and AGB, which are set to 30%, 40% and 30% respectively in this example.

[0081] Ecosystem protection criterion layer standardized value E i is the normalized nature reserve data, provincial nature reserve E i =0.7, National Nature Reserve E i =1, while other regions E i =0.

[0082] The human activity interference criterion layer is obtained based on land use type data, and the calculation formula is as follows:

[0083] HB i =(Farm i +Town i ) / A

[0084] In the formula, HB i is the human activity interference index of grid i, Farm i is the farmland ecosystem area of ​​grid i, Town i is the urban ecosystem area of ​​grid i, and A is the area of ​​the grid. The areas of farmland and urban ecosystems are calculated based on the number of grids and the area of ​​grid cells of farmland and urban ecosystems in the land use data.

[0085] The human activity interference index is further normalized to obtain the human activity interference standardized value H i .

[0086] Step S3: Perform spatial analysis on the standardized values ​​of each criterion layer to obtain the comprehensive evaluation value of the importance of biodiversity maintenance function in the study area. The calculation formula is:

[0087] Bio i =w c ·C i +w s ·S i +w v ·V i +w e ·E i -w h ·H i

[0088] In the formula, Bio i is the comprehensive evaluation value of the importance of biodiversity maintenance function in grid i; C i is the standardized value of the climate element of grid i, S i is the species conservation standardized value of grid i, E i is the standardized value of the ecosystem protection criterion layer, V i is the normalized value of vegetation growth at grid i, H i is the normalized value of human activity interference, w c 、w s 、w v 、w e and w h are the weights of each criterion layer, which are all set to 20% in this example.

[0089] According to Bio iThe importance of biodiversity maintenance functions is divided into four levels using the natural breakpoint classification method: unimportant, moderately important, important and extremely important. The specific steps are as follows:

[0090] (1) Calculate the sum of squared deviations of the mean value (SDAM) of the entire importance comprehensive evaluation value data set. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0091]

[0092] In the formula, x i is each data value, is the mean of the data set.

[0093] (2) In order of the data set values ​​from small to large, with the goal of dividing into four levels, iterate each possible breakpoint combination and calculate the sum of squared deviations of the mean (SDCM) of each combination category. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0094]

[0095] In the formula, C j is the jth category, is the average value for the category

[0096] (3) Calculate the goodness of fit (GVF) of variance for each combination. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0097]

[0098] The value of GVF is between 0 and 1, where 1 indicates an extremely good fit and 0 indicates an extremely poor fit.

[0099] (4) Compare the goodness of fit of the variance of each combination, and the group with the largest goodness of fit is the optimal breakpoint.

[0100] The classification results of this embodiment are as follows Figure 7 The areas corresponding to important and extremely important are the priority protection areas for biodiversity maintenance functions designated in the study area.

[0101] Figure 8The device 400 for demarcating a priority protection zone for biodiversity maintenance function disclosed in this embodiment is shown. The device is composed of five parts: a data acquisition module 401, a first calculation execution module 402, a second calculation execution module 403, a classification module 404, and an output module 405. The data acquisition module 401 is used to obtain basic data of the target area and preprocess the basic data. The first calculation execution module 402 is used to divide the preprocessed basic data according to the climate element criterion layer, the species protection criterion layer, the vegetation growth criterion layer, the ecosystem protection criterion layer, and the human activity interference criterion layer, and calculate the spatial distribution of each criterion layer. The second calculation execution module 403 calculates a comprehensive evaluation value for evaluating the importance of the biodiversity maintenance function in the target area based on the spatial distribution of each criterion layer. The classification module 404 divides the importance of the biodiversity maintenance function into several levels using the natural break point method according to the size of the comprehensive evaluation value. The output module 405 outputs the priority protection zone for biodiversity maintenance function based on the level divided by the classification module.

[0102] When the device 400 for delineating a biodiversity maintenance function priority protection zone is in operation, it can automatically execute all the steps of the method for delineating a biodiversity maintenance function priority protection zone disclosed in the above embodiment, which will not be described in detail here.

[0103] It should be noted that the method for delineating priority protection areas for biodiversity maintenance functions disclosed in the above embodiment can be embedded in an electronic device for operation. The electronic device includes a processor, a memory, a communication interface and a communication bus. The processor, the memory and the communication interface communicate with each other via the communication bus. The memory is used to store at least one executable instruction, which enables the processor to execute all the process steps of the method for delineating priority protection areas for biodiversity maintenance functions disclosed in the above embodiment, which will not be described in detail here.

[0104] The electronic device may also communicate with one or more external devices (e.g., keyboards, pointing devices, Bluetooth devices, etc.), may communicate with one or more devices that enable a user to interact with the electronic device, and / or may communicate with any device that enables the electronic device to communicate with one or more other computing devices (e.g., routers, modems, etc.). This communication may be performed through an input / output (I / O) interface. In addition, the electronic device may also communicate with one or more networks (e.g., local area networks (LANs), wide area networks (WANs), and / or public networks, such as the Internet) through a network adapter. The network adapter communicates with other modules of the electronic device through a bus. It should be understood that, although not shown in the figure, other hardware and / or software modules may be used in conjunction with the electronic device, including but not limited to: microcode, device drivers, redundant processing units, external disk drive arrays, RAID systems, tape drives, and data backup storage systems, etc.

[0105] In addition, the method for demarcating the priority protection area for biodiversity maintenance function disclosed in the above embodiment can be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware, firmware or any other combination. When implemented by software, the above embodiment can be implemented in whole or in part in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions or computer programs. When the computer instructions or computer programs are loaded or executed on a computer, the process or function described in the embodiment of the present application is generated in whole or in part. The computer can be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable device. The computer instructions can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another computer-readable storage medium. For example, the computer instructions can be transmitted from one website, computer, server or data center to another website, computer, server or data center by wired (e.g., infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.). The computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer or a data storage device such as a server or data center that contains one or more available media sets. The available medium can be a magnetic medium (e.g., a floppy disk, a hard disk, a tape), an optical medium (e.g., a DVD), or a semiconductor medium. The semiconductor medium can be a solid-state hard disk.

[0106] It should be understood that in the various embodiments of the present application, the size of the serial numbers of the above-mentioned processes does not mean the order of execution. The execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of the present application.

[0107] As described above, although the present invention has been shown and described with reference to specific preferred embodiments, it should not be construed as limiting the present invention itself. Various changes may be made to it in form and detail without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined in the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method for delineating priority protection areas for biodiversity maintenance functions, characterized in that: The steps include: Acquire basic data of the target area, and pre-process the basic data; The pre-processed basic data are divided into the climate element criterion layer, species protection criterion layer, vegetation growth criterion layer, ecosystem protection criterion layer, and human activity interference criterion layer, and the spatial distribution of each criterion layer is calculated; Based on the spatial distribution of each criterion layer, a comprehensive assessment value is calculated to assess the importance of biodiversity maintenance functions in the target area; According to the size of the comprehensive assessment value, the natural breakpoint method is used for classification to determine the priority protection areas for biodiversity maintenance functions.

2. The method for delineating priority protection areas for biodiversity conservation functions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The basic data include annual precipitation, average annual temperature, bird richness, amphibian richness, mammal richness, vegetation type, net primary productivity, vegetation cover, aboveground biomass, nature reserves and land use type; The basic data is sequentially formatted, projected, cropped, and resampled, and the preprocessed basic data is output; The spatial distribution of each criterion layer is output as the standardized value of the climate element C i , species protection standardized value S i , Vegetation growth normalized value V i , Ecosystem protection standardized value E i and human activity disturbance index HB i ; The standardized values ​​of the climate elements are obtained based on the average annual temperature and annual precipitation data, and the calculation formula is as follows: W i =w1·Pre i +w2·Has i In the formula, C i is the standardized value of the climate element at grid i, Tem i is the normalized annual average temperature of grid i, Pre i is the normalized annual precipitation of grid i, w1 and w2 are the weights of temperature and precipitation, respectively.

3. The method for delineating priority protection areas for biodiversity conservation functions according to claim 2, characterized in that: The species protection standardized value is based on the abundance of birds, mammals, amphibians and vegetation types, and the calculation formula is as follows: <h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr">S<h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> i <h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> =w3·Bir<h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> i <h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> +w4·Mam<h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> i <h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> +w5·Am<h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> i <h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> +w6·Veg<h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> i In the formula, S i is the species conservation standardized value of grid i, Bir i is the normalized bird richness of grid i, Mam i is the normalized mammal abundance of grid i, Am i is the normalized amphibian richness of grid i, Veg i is the normalized vegetation type of grid i, w3, w4, w5 and w6 are the weights of birds, mammals, amphibians and vegetation respectively.

4. The method for delineating priority protection areas for biodiversity conservation functions according to claim 2, characterized in that: The standardized value of vegetation growth is obtained based on net primary productivity, vegetation cover and aboveground biomass data, and the calculation formula is as follows: V i =w7·NPP i +w8·FVC i +w9·AGB i Where V i is the normalized value of vegetation growth at grid i, NPP i is the normalized net primary productivity of grid i, FVC i is the normalized vegetation coverage of grid i, AGB i is the normalized aboveground biomass of grid i, w7, w8 and w9 are the weights of NPP, FVC and AGB, respectively.

5. The method for delineating priority protection areas for biodiversity conservation functions according to claim 2, characterized in that: The ecosystem protection standardization value is obtained based on the data of nature reserves, and different levels of nature reserves are graded and assigned values; The human activity disturbance index is obtained based on land use type data, and the calculation formula is as follows: HB i =(Farm i +Town i ) / A In the formula, H i is the human activity interference index of grid i, Farm i is the farmland ecosystem area of ​​grid i, Town i is the area of ​​the urban ecosystem, and A is the area of ​​the grid.

6. The method for delineating priority protection areas for biodiversity conservation functions according to claim 2, characterized in that: The calculation formula of the comprehensive evaluation value is: Bio i =w c ·C i +w s ·S i +w v ·V i +w e ·E i -w h ·H i In the formula, Bio i is the comprehensive evaluation value of the importance of biodiversity maintenance function in grid i; C i is the standardized value of the climate element of grid i, S i is the species conservation standardized value of grid i, E i is the standardized value of the ecosystem protection criterion layer, V i is the normalized value of vegetation growth at grid i, H i is the normalized value of human activity interference, w c 、w s 、w v 、w e and w h are the weights of each criterion layer.

7. The method for delineating priority protection areas for biodiversity maintenance functions according to claim 6, characterized in that: According to Bio i The importance of biodiversity maintenance function is divided into four levels using the natural breakpoint classification method, namely unimportant, moderately important, important, and extremely important. The importance of biodiversity maintenance functions is divided into four levels using the natural breakpoint classification method, including: Calculate the sum of squared deviations from the mean of the entire importance assessment data set, SDAM: In the formula, x i is the i-th data value in the importance comprehensive evaluation value data set, is the average value of the comprehensive importance evaluation value data set; According to the order of data set values ​​from small to large, with the goal of dividing into four levels, iterate each possible breakpoint combination, and calculate the squared deviation and squared sum SDCM of the mean of each combination category: In the formula, C j is the jth category, is the average value for the category; Calculate the variance goodness of fit GVF for each combination: The value of GVF is between 0 and 1, 1 indicates an extremely good fit and 0 indicates an extremely poor fit; Compare the variance goodness of fit of each combination, and the group with the largest variance goodness of fit is the best breakpoint; The areas corresponding to important and extremely important are the priority protection areas for biodiversity maintenance functions designated in the target areas.

8. A device for demarcating priority protection areas for biodiversity maintenance functions, characterized in that: include: Data acquisition module; the data acquisition module is used to acquire basic data of the target area and pre-process the basic data; A first calculation execution module; The first calculation execution module is used to divide the pre-processed basic data according to the climate element criterion layer, the species protection criterion layer, the vegetation growth criterion layer, the ecosystem protection criterion layer, and the human activity interference criterion layer, and calculate the spatial distribution of each criterion layer; A second calculation execution module; The second calculation execution module calculates a comprehensive evaluation value for evaluating the importance of biodiversity maintenance function in the target area based on the spatial distribution of each criterion layer; Grading module; The classification module divides the importance of biodiversity maintenance functions into several levels using the natural breakpoint method according to the size of the comprehensive evaluation value; Output module; The output module outputs priority protection areas for biodiversity maintenance functions based on the levels classified by the classification module.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that: include: at least one processor, and a memory communicatively coupled to the at least one processor; The memory stores instructions, and the instructions are executed by the at least one processor, so that when the at least one processor executes the instructions, the method for demarcating priority protection areas for biodiversity maintenance functions as described in any one of claims 1 to 7 is implemented.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that: The storage medium stores computer-executable instructions, and the computer-executable instructions are used to enable a computer to execute the method for delineating priority protection areas for biodiversity maintenance functions according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

Images