Anti-interference ocean buoy information return system and method with high arrival rate

Abstract

The invention discloses an anti-interference ocean buoy information return system and method with a high arrival rate, and the system comprises a buoy terminal which is used for collecting ocean data, and carrying out the preprocessing of the collected ocean data, and obtaining the preprocessed data; the low-orbit satellite communication module is used for identifying signals received by the low-orbit satellite communication module based on electromagnetic fingerprint identification, and interference signals and legal satellite signals are distinguished; performing data processing on the legal satellite signal, and sending the preprocessed data to a low-orbit satellite network through a communication link; the low-orbit satellite network sends a legal satellite signal to the buoy terminal; the low earth orbit satellite network forwards the received data to a ground gateway station; and the ground gateway station processes the received data and transmits the data to the Internet, so that users in the Internet can monitor and analyze the data in real time. By introducing an electromagnetic fingerprint identification technology, interference signals which do not conform to electromagnetic fingerprint characteristics are effectively filtered out, and the stability of the system in a complex electromagnetic environment is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of ocean monitoring, and in particular relates to a high-reporting-rate, anti-interference ocean buoy information feedback system and method. Background Art

[0002] Ocean monitoring is an integral part of global environmental monitoring. Through ocean monitoring, scientists can collect data on key ocean parameters such as ocean currents, temperature, salinity, waves, tides, etc. These data are essential for studying environmental issues such as global climate change, sea level rise, and ocean acidification. In addition, ocean monitoring can also provide important information for marine transportation, fisheries, marine resource development, etc., which has a direct impact on economic development and national security.

[0003] Although ocean buoys have been widely used as an effective means of collecting ocean data, their monitoring capabilities have certain limitations. First, the data transmission of ocean buoys relies on Beidou satellite communications. The long-distance return transmission between ocean buoys and high-orbit satellites leads to strong signal attenuation. Secondly, the stability of buoys in severe weather conditions and the success rate of data return are challenged. The volume of buoy antennas is limited by the application scenarios, and the influence of sea waves makes it impossible to maintain stable data return. The current solution based on Beidou satellite return can only achieve a 70% data return success rate. In addition, the trackable antenna system based on ephemeris data and motors may still be affected by multiple factors such as shaking, sensor accuracy, and signal delay in a dynamic ocean environment, resulting in the inability to always accurately align with the satellite. Especially in high-frequency communications (such as Ka band), small pointing errors can also have a significant impact on signal strength.

[0004] The development of low-orbit satellite technology has provided new opportunities for ocean monitoring. Low-orbit satellites have high temporal and spatial resolutions, low transmission signal attenuation, a large number of low-orbit satellites, and no need for precise alignment, which can achieve rapid and continuous monitoring of the ocean environment. By deploying a low-orbit satellite network, the coverage and frequency of ocean monitoring can be greatly improved, and real-time monitoring of the ocean environment can be achieved. Low-orbit satellite communication systems have been widely used in remote communications, data transmission, and positioning navigation around the world. However, low-orbit satellites are susceptible to various electromagnetic interferences during operation, especially in the marine environment. Electromagnetic interference mainly comes from ionospheric effects, ocean wave reflections, solar activity, and noise interference from other signal sources. The instability of this electromagnetic environment directly affects the reliability and stability of satellite communications. Traditional anti-interference technologies usually rely on spectrum expansion, frequency hopping technology, beamforming, etc., but these methods still have certain limitations in high interference intensity environments, and it is difficult to completely eliminate interference signals under low signal-to-noise ratios. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the above problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a high-incoming-rate, anti-interference ocean buoy information feedback system and method. The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0006] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a high-reporting rate, anti-interference ocean buoy information feedback system, the system comprising:

[0007] Buoy terminals, low-orbit satellite networks and ground gateway stations; among them,

[0008] The buoy terminal includes a self-powered system, a low-orbit satellite communication module, a multi-source sensor, and a data acquisition and processing module; the buoy terminal is used to collect ocean data using the multi-source sensor, and pre-process the collected ocean data using the data acquisition and processing module to obtain pre-processed data; use the low-orbit satellite communication module to identify the signal received by itself based on electromagnetic fingerprint recognition, and distinguish interference signals from legitimate satellite signals; perform data processing on the legitimate satellite signal to obtain instruction information, and send the pre-processed data to the low-orbit satellite network through a communication link based on the instruction information;

[0009] The low-orbit satellite network is used to send legal satellite signals to the buoy terminal;

[0010] The low-orbit satellite network is also used to forward the data received by itself to the ground gateway station;

[0011] The ground gateway is used to process the data it receives and transmit the processed data to the Internet for real-time monitoring and analysis by users on the Internet.

[0012] In one embodiment of the present invention, a self-powered system comprises:

[0013] Solar panels, lithium battery packs and supercapacitors; among them,

[0014] The solar panel is arranged on the top of the buoy terminal and is used to convert the solar energy absorbed by the buoy terminal into electrical energy;

[0015] The lithium battery pack and the supercapacitor are used as energy storage media, both for storing electrical energy and supplying power to the buoy terminal.

[0016] In one embodiment of the present invention, the self-powered system meets the power supply demand of the buoy terminal in a normal power scenario through the lithium battery pack, and meets the power supply demand of the buoy terminal in an instantaneous high power scenario through the supercapacitor.

[0017] In one embodiment of the present invention, a multi-source sensor comprises:

[0018] Inductively coupled transmission thermohaline chain, acoustic Doppler current profiler and single point current meter.

[0019] In one embodiment of the present invention, the ocean data includes:

[0020] Currents, temperature and salinity.

[0021] In one embodiment of the present invention, the collected ocean data is preprocessed using a data acquisition and processing module to obtain preprocessed data, including:

[0022] The data acquisition and processing module uses edge computing to fuse the collected ocean data through Kalman filtering to obtain fused data;

[0023] The fused data is compressed to obtain the preprocessed data.

[0024] In one embodiment of the present invention, a low-orbit satellite communication module includes:

[0025] Low-orbit satellite communication board and omnidirectional antenna; among them,

[0026] The low-orbit satellite communication board includes:

[0027] Electromagnetic fingerprint extraction and comparison module, fingerprint authentication module and communication data processing module.

[0028] In one embodiment of the present invention, the low-orbit satellite communication module is used to identify the received signal based on electromagnetic fingerprint recognition to distinguish the interference signal from the legitimate satellite signal, including:

[0029] The low-orbit satellite communication module uses an electromagnetic fingerprint extraction and comparison module to extract electromagnetic fingerprint features in the signal received by the omnidirectional antenna, compares the extracted electromagnetic fingerprint features with corresponding features in a preset electromagnetic fingerprint library to obtain similarity; uses a fingerprint authentication module to compare the similarity with a preset threshold, and if the similarity is greater than or equal to the preset threshold, determines that the signal corresponding to the similarity is a legitimate satellite signal; if the similarity is less than the preset threshold, determines that the signal corresponding to the similarity is an interference signal, and filters the interference signal.

[0030] In one embodiment of the present invention, the electromagnetic fingerprint features include:

[0031] Frequency drift, phase noise, time domain waveform, and power spectral density.

[0032] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for transmitting ocean buoy information with high arrival rate and anti-interference, which is applied to an ocean buoy information transmission system. The ocean buoy information transmission system includes: a buoy terminal, a low-orbit satellite network and a ground signal gateway. The method includes:

[0033] Using a low-orbit satellite network to send a legal satellite signal to the buoy terminal;

[0034] The multi-source sensor in the buoy terminal is used to collect ocean data, and the data collection and processing module in the buoy terminal is used to pre-process the collected ocean data to obtain pre-processed data; the low-orbit satellite communication module in the buoy terminal is used to identify the received signal based on electromagnetic fingerprint recognition to distinguish the interference signal from the legitimate satellite signal; the legitimate satellite signal is processed, and the pre-processed data is sent to the low-orbit satellite network through a communication link;

[0035] Utilize the low-orbit satellite network to forward the data received by itself to the ground gateway station;

[0036] The ground gateway is used to process the data received by itself and transmit the processed data to the Internet for real-time monitoring and analysis by users on the Internet.

[0037] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0038] In the solution provided by the present invention, low-orbit satellite technology is adopted, and electromagnetic fingerprint recognition technology is introduced into the low-orbit satellite communication module, which effectively filters out interference signals that do not meet the electromagnetic fingerprint characteristics, increases the stability of the system in a complex electromagnetic environment, and increases the success rate of buoy return data from 70% of traditional Beidou satellites to 95%. Based on the uniqueness of electromagnetic fingerprints, the present invention can accurately identify legitimate satellite signals in an environment where multiple signals are mixed. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0039] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a high-reporting rate, anti-interference ocean buoy information feedback system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the principle of a high-reporting rate and anti-interference ocean buoy information feedback system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of a buoy terminal provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a low-orbit satellite communication board based on electromagnetic fingerprint provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the steps of a method for transmitting ocean buoy information with high reporting rate and anti-interference provided by an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] The present invention is further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.

[0045] The embodiments of the present invention provide a high-reporting rate, anti-interference ocean buoy information feedback system and method.

[0046] Below, firstly, a high-reporting-rate, anti-interference ocean buoy information feedback system provided by an embodiment of the present invention is introduced.

[0047] In the first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a high-reporting rate and anti-interference ocean buoy information feedback system, such as Figure 1 As shown, it may include:

[0048] Buoy terminals, low-orbit satellite networks and ground gateway stations; among them,

[0049] The buoy terminal includes a self-powered system, a low-orbit satellite communication module, a multi-source sensor, and a data acquisition and processing module; the buoy terminal is used to collect ocean data using the multi-source sensor, and pre-process the collected ocean data using the data acquisition and processing module to obtain pre-processed data; the low-orbit satellite communication module is used to identify the signals received by itself based on electromagnetic fingerprint recognition, and distinguish interference signals from legitimate satellite signals; the legitimate satellite signals are processed to obtain command information, and the pre-processed data is sent to the low-orbit satellite network through a communication link based on the command information;

[0050] The low-orbit satellite network is used to send legal satellite signals to the buoy terminal;

[0051] The low-orbit satellite network is also used to forward the data it receives to the ground gateway station;

[0052] The ground gateway is used to process the data it receives and transmit the processed data to the Internet for real-time monitoring and analysis by users on the Internet.

[0053] See the schematic diagram of the principle of the ocean buoy information feedback system provided by the embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 ,from Figure 2It can be seen that the workflow of the ocean buoy information feedback system provided by the embodiment of the present invention may include: when the buoy terminal in the ocean collects the corresponding ocean data through its multi-source sensor, the data collection and processing module pre-processes the collected ocean data; the pre-processed data is identified by the low-orbit satellite communication module based on electromagnetic fingerprint recognition to identify the received signal, distinguishing interference signals from legal satellite signals; the legal satellite signal is processed to obtain instruction information, and the pre-processed data is sent to the low-orbit satellite network through the communication link based on the instruction information; the low-orbit satellite network receives and forwards the data to the ground gateway. Finally, the ground gateway processes the data it receives and transmits the processed data to the Internet for real-time monitoring and analysis by users on the Internet.

[0054] It can be understood that the embodiment of the present invention demonstrates how to achieve efficient return of ocean buoy data through low-orbit satellite technology, effectively improving the success rate and real-time performance of data transmission, and is suitable for fields such as ocean monitoring, disaster warning and environmental management. Specifically, by selecting low-orbit satellite technology to introduce electromagnetic fingerprint recognition technology into the low-orbit satellite communication module, interference signals that do not meet the electromagnetic fingerprint characteristics are effectively filtered out, increasing the stability of the system in a complex electromagnetic environment, and increasing the success rate of buoy return data from 70% of traditional Beidou satellites to 95%.

[0055] For ease of understanding, see the schematic diagram of the principle of the ocean buoy information feedback system provided in the embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 , see the schematic diagram of the buoy terminal. Figure 3 , the schematic diagram of the low-orbit satellite communication board based on electromagnetic fingerprint, see Figure 4 , the following will combine Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 , each module of the ocean buoy information feedback system provided by an embodiment of the present invention is specifically introduced.

[0056] Buoy terminal

[0057] See the structural diagram of a buoy terminal provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 The buoy terminal may include:

[0058] Self-powered system, low-orbit satellite communication module, multi-source sensor, data acquisition and processing module; among them,

[0059] Self-powered systems can include:

[0060] Solar panels, lithium battery packs and supercapacitors; among them,

[0061] The solar panel is arranged on the top of the buoy terminal to convert the solar energy absorbed by the buoy into electrical energy;

[0062] Lithium battery packs and ultracapacitors are used as energy storage media to store electrical energy and supply power to the buoy terminal.

[0063] Understandably, lithium batteries and ultracapacitors can be used as Figure 3 The water buoy battery pack and communication board battery pack shown in the figure are used for power supply. In the self-powered system, the solar panel serves as the energy collection module of the buoy terminal, which is used to convert the solar energy absorbed by itself into electrical energy; the lithium battery pack and the supercapacitor serve as energy storage media, both of which are used to store electrical energy, and convert the electrical energy into chemical energy and electric field energy respectively. When supplying power to the buoy terminal, the chemical energy or electric field energy stored in itself is converted into electrical energy for power supply. In the specific use process, the self-powered system can meet the power supply requirements of the buoy terminal in normal power scenarios through the lithium battery pack, and meet the power supply requirements of the buoy terminal in instantaneous high-power scenarios through the supercapacitor.

[0064] Multi-source sensors can include:

[0065] Inductively coupled transmission thermohaline chain, acoustic Doppler current profiler and single point current meter.

[0066] It can be understood that the buoy terminal uses multi-source sensors to collect ocean data separately; wherein, the ocean data may include: ocean current, temperature and salinity. In the embodiment of the present invention, the inductively coupled transmission temperature and salinity chain can be mainly used to measure the dynamic changes of seawater temperature and salinity at different depths; the inductively coupled transmission temperature and salinity chain realizes the real-time transmission of temperature and salinity profile data through innovative inductively coupled data transmission technology, and has the characteristics of small size, light weight, low cost, convenient deployment, and self-contained system; the acoustic Doppler current profiler can be mainly used to measure the movement speed and direction of water bodies in different water layers, and it calculates the speed and direction of the ocean current by measuring the frequency change of the backscattering of microparticles after the sound wave is incident on the seawater; the single-point current meter can be mainly used to measure the speed and direction of the ocean current at a specific depth.

[0067] The data acquisition and processing module is mainly used to pre-process the collected ocean data to obtain pre-processed data, including:

[0068] The data acquisition and processing module uses edge computing to fuse the collected ocean data through Kalman filtering to obtain fused data;

[0069] The fused data is compressed to obtain preprocessed data.

[0070] It can be understood that fusion processing can eliminate noise, data loss and sensor errors, thereby improving data accuracy; data compression can reduce the demand for transmission bandwidth.

[0071] Low Earth Orbit Satellite Communication Module

[0072] Low-orbit satellite communication module, which may include:

[0073] Low-orbit satellite communication board and omnidirectional antenna; among them,

[0074] Low-orbit satellite communication boards can include:

[0075] Electromagnetic fingerprint extraction and comparison module, fingerprint authentication module and communication data processing module.

[0076] The low-orbit satellite communication module can identify the signals it receives based on electromagnetic fingerprint recognition, distinguish interference signals from legitimate satellite signals, process the legitimate satellite signals to obtain command information, and send the pre-processed data to the low-orbit satellite network through the communication link based on the command information.

[0077] It can be understood that the instruction information obtained after data processing of the legitimate satellite signal may include: the buoy terminal sends pre-processed data to the low-orbit satellite network, updates the features used for comparison in the preset electromagnetic fingerprint library, etc. After obtaining the corresponding instruction information, the buoy terminal completes the corresponding operation.

[0078] Compared with the traditional Beidou satellite communication module, the low-orbit satellite communication module provided in the embodiment of the present invention has a lower orbital altitude, less signal attenuation, is easy to achieve precise alignment, and has a higher data transmission bandwidth, thereby providing a higher transmission success rate and greater bandwidth support, ensuring the efficiency and reliability of data return.

[0079] Specifically, the omnidirectional antenna proposed in the embodiment of the present invention is designed as a high-gain miniaturized structure, which is suitable for multi-directional communication needs in marine environments. The omnidirectional antenna adopts a waterproof and corrosion-resistant packaging structure, and combines antenna arrays with beamforming technology to enhance signal reception and anti-interference capabilities.

[0080] In the low-orbit satellite communication board, the electromagnetic fingerprint extraction and comparison module is used to extract features from the signal received by the omnidirectional antenna to obtain electromagnetic fingerprint features, and compare the extracted electromagnetic fingerprint features with the corresponding features in the preset electromagnetic fingerprint library to obtain similarity; the fingerprint authentication module is used to judge the signal corresponding to the similarity based on the similarity and the preset threshold value to determine whether it is a legal satellite signal to complete signal identification; the communication data processing module is used to process the legal satellite signal and obtain instruction information to ensure the normal transmission of data. The communication data processing module can demodulate and decode the authenticated legal satellite signal to ensure the reliable transmission of communication data, and can also perform group coding on the data packets composed of the preprocessed data to improve data transmission efficiency. It can be understood that the preset electromagnetic fingerprint library can pre-store multiple known satellite electromagnetic fingerprint features for signal comparison and verification.

[0081] The process of using the low-orbit satellite communication module to identify the received signal based on electromagnetic fingerprint recognition and distinguish the interference signal from the legitimate satellite signal may include:

[0082] The low-orbit satellite communication module uses the electromagnetic fingerprint extraction and comparison module to extract the electromagnetic fingerprint features in the signal received by the omnidirectional antenna, and compares the extracted electromagnetic fingerprint features with the corresponding features in the preset electromagnetic fingerprint library to obtain the similarity; the fingerprint authentication module is used to compare the similarity with the preset threshold. If the similarity is greater than or equal to the preset threshold, the signal corresponding to the similarity is judged to be a legitimate satellite signal; if the similarity is less than the preset threshold, the signal corresponding to the similarity is judged to be an interference signal, and the interference signal is filtered out.

[0083] Specifically, the electromagnetic fingerprint extraction and comparison module uses a machine learning algorithm or a signal processing algorithm to perform real-time feature extraction on the received signal and compare it with the fingerprint features in the preset electromagnetic fingerprint library. The preset threshold can be set according to user needs. The electromagnetic fingerprint extraction and comparison module can also include an error correction module. When there is a slight deviation between the extracted electromagnetic fingerprint features and the fingerprint features in the preset electromagnetic fingerprint library, error correction within a certain range is allowed to reduce the probability of misjudgment of legitimate satellite signals. The preset electromagnetic fingerprint library can be dynamically updated according to different times and environments to adapt to the slight drift of satellite signals over time. The fingerprint information in the preset electromagnetic fingerprint library can be dynamically updated according to the satellite signals received in real time to ensure the accuracy of the fingerprint library. The system can adapt to future changes in low-orbit satellites and new interference patterns by remotely updating the fingerprint library.

[0084] The schematic diagram of a low-orbit satellite communication board based on electromagnetic fingerprint provided by an embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 4 .from Figure 4It can be seen that after receiving the signal, the omnidirectional antenna is first processed by the RF front end, and the processed signal is sent to the baseband and electromagnetic fingerprint analysis + extraction module for corresponding processing; it can be understood that the electromagnetic fingerprint analysis + extraction module includes: electromagnetic fingerprint extraction and comparison module, fingerprint authentication module; the electromagnetic fingerprint analysis + extraction module obtains the legal satellite signal after performing electromagnetic fingerprint authentication on the signal; after successfully identifying the legal satellite signal, baseband processing and upper layer protocol data processing are performed to achieve stable communication transmission.

[0085] Specifically, electromagnetic fingerprint features may include:

[0086] Frequency drift, phase noise, time domain waveform, and power spectral density.

[0087] By extracting the electromagnetic fingerprint features from satellite signals, it is possible to identify legitimate satellite signals in complex electromagnetic environments, filter out various noise and interference signals, and thus improve the stability and reliability of the communication link.

[0088] Low Earth Orbit Satellite Network

[0089] The low-orbit satellite network can be used to send legitimate satellite signals to buoy terminals, and can also be used to forward the data it receives to ground gateways.

[0090] The low-orbit satellite network acts as an intermediate transmission node, receiving data from the buoy terminal and forwarding it to the ground gateway station. It has a lower orbit altitude, less signal attenuation, is easy to achieve precise alignment, and has a higher data transmission bandwidth, thus providing a higher transmission success rate and greater bandwidth support, ensuring the efficiency and reliability of data return.

[0091] Ground Gateway

[0092] The ground gateway is used to process the data it receives and transmit the processed data to the Internet for real-time monitoring and analysis by Internet users. The ground gateway can decode and process the received data and transmit the processed data to the Internet, cloud platform or other application systems, so that users can obtain the ocean data collected by the buoy terminal in real time for use in the fields of ocean observation, disaster observation, disaster warning and environmental monitoring.

[0093] In the second aspect, corresponding to the above system embodiment, the embodiment of the present invention also provides a method for transmitting ocean buoy information with high arrival rate and anti-interference, which is applied to the ocean buoy information transmission system. The ocean buoy information transmission system includes: a buoy terminal, a low-orbit satellite network and a ground signal gateway station. The specific method is as follows: Figure 5 As shown, it may include:

[0094] S1, using the low-orbit satellite network to send legal satellite signals to the buoy terminal;

[0095] S2, using the multi-source sensor in the buoy terminal to collect ocean data, using the data collection and processing module in the buoy terminal to pre-process the collected ocean data to obtain pre-processed data; using the low-orbit satellite communication module in the buoy terminal to identify the signals received by itself based on electromagnetic fingerprint recognition, and distinguish interference signals from legitimate satellite signals; performing data processing on legitimate satellite signals to obtain command information, and sending the pre-processed data to the low-orbit satellite network through the communication link based on the command information;

[0096] S3, uses the low-orbit satellite network to forward the data it receives to the ground gateway station;

[0097] S4 uses the ground gateway to process the data it receives and transmits the processed data to the Internet for real-time monitoring and analysis by users on the Internet.

[0098] It can be understood that steps S1 and S3 correspond to the working process and principle of the low-orbit satellite network in the system embodiment proposed in the first aspect; step S2 corresponds to the working process and principle of the buoy terminal in the system embodiment proposed in the first aspect; step S4 corresponds to the working process and principle of the ground gateway in the system embodiment proposed in the first aspect; therefore, the specific details are not elaborated again, and for details, please refer to the working process and principle of each module in the system embodiment proposed in the first aspect.

[0099] The embodiment of the present invention adopts low-orbit satellite technology and introduces electromagnetic fingerprint recognition technology in the low-orbit satellite communication module, effectively filtering out interference signals that do not meet the electromagnetic fingerprint characteristics, increasing the stability of the system in a complex electromagnetic environment, and increasing the success rate of buoy return data from 70% of traditional Beidou satellites to 95%. Based on the uniqueness of electromagnetic fingerprints, the present invention can accurately identify legitimate satellite signals in an environment where multiple signals are mixed.

[0100] It should be noted that, in the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise" and the like indicating directions or positional relationships are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0101] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-reporting rate and anti-interference ocean buoy information feedback system, characterized in that: include: Buoy terminals, low-orbit satellite networks and ground gateway stations; among them, The buoy terminal includes a self-powered system, a low-orbit satellite communication module, a multi-source sensor, and a data acquisition and processing module; the buoy terminal is used to collect ocean data using the multi-source sensor, and pre-process the collected ocean data using the data acquisition and processing module to obtain pre-processed data; use the low-orbit satellite communication module to identify the signal received by itself based on electromagnetic fingerprint recognition, and distinguish interference signals from legitimate satellite signals; perform data processing on the legitimate satellite signal to obtain instruction information, and send the pre-processed data to the low-orbit satellite network through a communication link based on the instruction information; The low-orbit satellite network is used to send legal satellite signals to the buoy terminal; The low-orbit satellite network is also used to forward the data received by itself to the ground gateway station; The ground gateway is used to process the data it receives and transmit the processed data to the Internet for real-time monitoring and analysis by users on the Internet.

2. According to claim 1, a high-reporting rate, anti-interference ocean buoy information feedback system is characterized in that: The self-powered system comprises: Solar panels, lithium battery packs and supercapacitors; among them, The solar panel is arranged on the top of the buoy terminal and is used to convert the solar energy absorbed by the buoy terminal into electrical energy; The lithium battery pack and the supercapacitor are used as energy storage media, both for storing electrical energy and supplying power to the buoy terminal.

3. A high-reporting-rate, anti-interference ocean buoy information feedback system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The self-powered system meets the power supply demand of the buoy terminal in a normal power scenario through the lithium battery pack, and meets the power supply demand of the buoy terminal in an instantaneous high power scenario through the supercapacitor.

4. The high-reporting-rate, anti-interference ocean buoy information feedback system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The multi-source sensor comprises: Inductively coupled transmission thermohaline chain, acoustic Doppler current profiler and single point current meter.

5. The high-reporting-rate, anti-interference ocean buoy information feedback system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The ocean data includes: Currents, temperature and salinity.

6. The high-reporting-rate, anti-interference ocean buoy information feedback system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The method of preprocessing the collected ocean data using the data acquisition and processing module to obtain preprocessed data includes: The data acquisition and processing module uses edge computing to fuse the collected ocean data through Kalman filtering to obtain fused data; The fused data is compressed to obtain the preprocessed data.

7. The high-reporting-rate, anti-interference ocean buoy information feedback system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The low-orbit satellite communication module comprises: Low-orbit satellite communication board and omnidirectional antenna; among them, The low-orbit satellite communication board includes: Electromagnetic fingerprint extraction and comparison module, fingerprint authentication module and communication data processing module.

8. The high-reporting-rate, anti-interference ocean buoy information feedback system according to claim 7 is characterized in that: The low-orbit satellite communication module is used to identify the received signal based on electromagnetic fingerprint recognition to distinguish the interference signal from the legitimate satellite signal, including: The low-orbit satellite communication module uses an electromagnetic fingerprint extraction and comparison module to extract electromagnetic fingerprint features in the signal received by the omnidirectional antenna, compares the extracted electromagnetic fingerprint features with corresponding features in a preset electromagnetic fingerprint library to obtain similarity; uses a fingerprint authentication module to compare the similarity with a preset threshold, and if the similarity is greater than or equal to the preset threshold, determines that the signal corresponding to the similarity is a legitimate satellite signal; if the similarity is less than the preset threshold, determines that the signal corresponding to the similarity is an interference signal, and filters the interference signal.

9. A high-reporting rate, anti-interference ocean buoy information feedback system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The electromagnetic fingerprint features include: Frequency drift, phase noise, time domain waveform, and power spectral density.

10. A method for transmitting ocean buoy information with high reporting rate and anti-interference, applied to an ocean buoy information transmission system, the ocean buoy information transmission system comprising: The buoy terminal, the low-orbit satellite network and the ground gateway station are characterized by comprising: Using a low-orbit satellite network to send a legal satellite signal to the buoy terminal; The multi-source sensor in the buoy terminal is used to collect ocean data, and the data collection and processing module in the buoy terminal is used to pre-process the collected ocean data to obtain pre-processed data; the low-orbit satellite communication module in the buoy terminal is used to identify the received signal based on electromagnetic fingerprint recognition to distinguish the interference signal from the legitimate satellite signal; the legitimate satellite signal is processed, and the pre-processed data is sent to the low-orbit satellite network through a communication link; Utilize the low-orbit satellite network to forward the data received by itself to the ground gateway station; The ground gateway is used to process the data received by itself and transmit the processed data to the Internet for real-time monitoring and analysis by users on the Internet.

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