Tunnel diversion area lighting control method, device and road tunnel

Abstract

The present invention discloses a method for controlling lighting in a tunnel diversion area, comprising: obtaining a relationship model for changes in visual distance and brightness value relative to brightness ratio generated based on multiple visual recognition samples, where each visual recognition sample includes at least two of the following: a minimum visual distance for an observer observing a target in a low-brightness lighting section from a high-brightness lighting section, a first brightness value for the low-brightness lighting section, a second brightness value for the high-brightness lighting section, and a brightness ratio of the second brightness value relative to the first brightness value; obtaining a safe visual distance for the tunnel, a first brightness value for the low-brightness lighting section, or a second brightness value for the high-brightness lighting section; determining, based on the safe visual distance and the first or second brightness value of the tunnel, a maximum brightness ratio that satisfies the safe visual distance at the first or second brightness value using the relationship model; and selectively setting a transition lighting section between the high-brightness lighting section and the low-brightness lighting section of the tunnel based on the maximum brightness ratio. The method of the present invention can improve the safety of tunnel diversion areas.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of road lighting technology, in particular to a method and device for designing a tunnel diversion area lighting control method and device. In addition, the present invention also relates to related road tunnels. Background Art

[0002] The tunnel diversion area, a key node for separating tunnel traffic flows, presents a complex traffic environment and high safety risks. In this area, drivers must simultaneously handle multiple tasks within a short period of time, including lane selection, speed control, and traffic information recognition.

[0003] In this regard, the existing industry standard "Highway Tunnel Lighting Design Specifications" (JTG-T-D702-01-2014) recommends increasing the lighting brightness in the diversion area of ​​the tunnel to no less than three times the brightness of ordinary tunnel sections, in order to enhance the driver's visual recognition ability and reduce safety risks.

[0004] However, the overall environment of actual tunnels is complex, and the effectiveness of this solution of simply and significantly increasing the lighting brightness in the diversion area without distinction is difficult to guarantee in actual applications.

[0005] Therefore, a more complete tunnel diversion area lighting control solution is urgently needed to better and more widely meet the overall safety needs of existing tunnels.

[0006] The content of this background technology description is only for facilitating understanding of the relevant technology in this field and is not regarded as an admission of the prior art. Summary of the Invention

[0007] Therefore, embodiments of the present invention aim to provide a solution that can at least partially solve the above-mentioned problems.

[0008] In a first aspect, a method for controlling lighting in a tunnel diversion area is provided, which may include:

[0009] S120: Obtaining a relationship model of a visual recognition distance and a change in brightness value relative to a brightness ratio generated based on a plurality of visual recognition samples, wherein each visual recognition sample includes a minimum visual recognition distance of an observer observing a target object in a low-brightness lighting segment in a high-brightness lighting segment, and each visual recognition sample further includes at least two of a first brightness value of the low-brightness lighting segment, a second brightness value of the high-brightness lighting segment, and a brightness ratio of the second brightness value relative to the first brightness value, and the brightness value of the relationship model corresponds to the first brightness value or the second brightness value;

[0010] S130: Obtaining a safe visual distance of the tunnel, and obtaining a first brightness value of a low-brightness lighting segment or a second brightness value of a high-brightness lighting segment of the tunnel;

[0011] S140: Determine, based on the safe visibility distance of the tunnel and the first brightness value or the second brightness value, a maximum brightness ratio that satisfies the safe visibility distance under the first brightness value or the second brightness value using the relationship model;

[0012] S150: selectively setting one or more transition lighting segments between the high-brightness lighting segment and the low-brightness lighting segment of the tunnel according to the maximum brightness ratio.

[0013] Optionally, step S150 includes:

[0014] S151: Determine whether the maximum brightness ratio is greater than or equal to a preset ratio threshold;

[0015] S152: When the maximum brightness ratio is less than a preset ratio threshold, setting one or more transition lighting segments between the high-brightness lighting segment and the low-brightness lighting segment of the tunnel;

[0016] S153: When the maximum brightness ratio is greater than or equal to a preset ratio threshold, no transition lighting segment is set.

[0017] Optionally, providing one or more transition lighting segments between the high-brightness lighting segment and the low-brightness lighting segment of the tunnel includes:

[0018] S152': According to the brightness value of the high-brightness lighting segment, the brightness value of the low-brightness lighting segment, the safe visual distance and the relationship model, set one or more stepped transition lighting segments and their corresponding stepped transition lighting segment brightness values ​​so that the brightness ratio between any adjacent lighting segments is less than or equal to the maximum brightness ratio.

[0019] Optionally, step S152 includes:

[0020] S1521′: Determine the low-brightness lighting segment of the tunnel as the current reference lighting segment;

[0021] S1522′: Determine a third brightness value according to the brightness value of the current reference lighting segment and the maximum brightness ratio;

[0022] S1523′: setting a step-transition lighting segment having a third brightness value, and determining the set step-transition lighting segment as a current reference lighting segment;

[0023] S1524′: Determine a second maximum brightness ratio according to the safe visual distance and the brightness value of the current reference lighting segment using the relationship model;

[0024] S1525′: determining a fourth brightness value according to the second maximum brightness ratio and the brightness value of the current reference lighting segment;

[0025] S1526′: when the fourth brightness value is less than the brightness value of the highlight lighting segment, setting a step transition lighting segment with the fourth brightness value, determining the newly set step transition lighting segment as the current reference lighting segment, and repeating steps S1524′ to S1526′;

[0026] S1527′: When the fourth brightness value is greater than or equal to the lighting brightness value of the highlight lighting segment, no new step transition lighting segment is set.

[0027] Optionally, step S152 includes:

[0028] S1521": Determine the highlighted lighting segment of the tunnel as the current reference lighting segment;

[0029] S1522": Determine a fifth brightness value according to the brightness value of the current reference lighting segment and the maximum brightness ratio;

[0030] S1523”: Setting a step transition lighting segment with a fifth brightness value, and determining the set step transition lighting segment as a current reference lighting segment;

[0031] S1524": Determine a third maximum brightness ratio according to the safe visual distance and the brightness value of the current reference lighting segment using the relationship model;

[0032] S1525": Determine a sixth brightness value according to the third maximum brightness ratio and the brightness value of the current reference lighting segment;

[0033] S1526": When the fifth brightness value is greater than the brightness value of the low-brightness lighting segment, a step-transition lighting segment with a sixth brightness value is set, the newly set step-transition lighting segment is determined as the current reference lighting segment, and steps S1524 to S1526 are repeated;

[0034] S1527": When the sixth brightness value is less than or equal to the lighting brightness value of the low-brightness lighting segment, no new stepped transition lighting segment is set.

[0035] Optionally, providing one or more transition lighting segments between the high-brightness lighting segment and the low-brightness lighting segment of the tunnel includes:

[0036] S152": Determine a position-brightness curve, wherein a brightness ratio between brightness values ​​corresponding to any two points with a distance less than or equal to the safe visual recognition distance on the position-brightness curve is less than or equal to a maximum brightness ratio determined according to the relationship model and the safe visual recognition distance;

[0037] S154: Setting the lighting brightness value of the gradual transition lighting segment according to the position-brightness curve.

[0038] Optionally, the method further includes S110: obtaining a plurality of visual recognition samples, wherein step S110 includes:

[0039] S111: Setting a target object at a preset position in the low-brightness lighting section;

[0040] S112: Determine a plurality of brightness combinations, each brightness combination including a first brightness value for a low-brightness lighting segment, a second brightness value for a high-brightness lighting segment, and a brightness ratio of the second brightness value to the first brightness value;

[0041] S113: Setting a first brightness value for the low-brightness lighting segment and a second brightness value for the high-brightness lighting segment according to one of the plurality of brightness combinations;

[0042] S114: enabling one of the multiple observers to observe the target object at multiple observation positions in the high-brightness lighting segment to determine a minimum visual distance of the target object;

[0043] S115: Repeat step S114 for each observer until completion;

[0044] S116: For each brightness combination, repeat steps S113 to S115 until completion.

[0045] Optionally, the relationship model of the visual recognition distance, brightness value and brightness ratio change is shown as follows:

[0046] D=aL 2 +bK 2 +cL+dK+e

[0047] Where: D is the visual distance, L is the first brightness value, K is the brightness ratio of the second brightness value to the first brightness value, K ≥ 1, a, b, c, d, e are constants.

[0048] In a second aspect, a tunnel diversion area lighting control device is provided, which may include:

[0049] a first acquisition unit configured to acquire a relationship model of a visual recognition distance and a change in a brightness value relative to a brightness ratio generated based on a plurality of visual recognition samples, wherein each visual recognition sample includes a minimum visual recognition distance of an observer observing a target object in a low-brightness lighting segment in a high-brightness lighting segment, and each visual recognition sample further includes at least two of a first brightness value in the low-brightness lighting segment, a second brightness value in the high-brightness lighting segment, and a brightness ratio of the second brightness value relative to the first brightness value, and the brightness value in the relationship model corresponds to the first brightness value or the second brightness value;

[0050] a second acquiring unit configured to acquire a safe visual distance of the tunnel and acquire a first brightness value of a low-brightness lighting segment or a second brightness value of a high-brightness lighting segment of the tunnel;

[0051] a determining unit configured to determine, based on the safe visibility distance of the tunnel and the first brightness value or the second brightness value, a maximum brightness ratio that satisfies the safe visibility distance under the conditions of the first brightness value or the second brightness value through the relationship model;

[0052] The setting unit selectively sets one or more transition lighting segments between the high-brightness lighting segment and the low-brightness lighting segment of the tunnel according to the maximum brightness ratio.

[0053] In a third aspect, a road tunnel is provided, comprising a tunnel diverging area, wherein the tunnel diverging area has a lighting scheme configured according to the tunnel diverging area lighting control method according to the first aspect.

[0054] The inventors of this invention recognize the current lack of effective solutions for controlling lighting brightness in tunnel diverging and merging areas. In particular, while current industry standards offer only general recommendations, the potential risks of significant brightness differences between diverging areas and intermediate sections are often overlooked. In response, the tunnel diverging area lighting control method of the present invention utilizes a highly accurate relationship model generated based on visual recognition samples and fitted with human visual relationships. This model can quantitatively assess whether the brightness ratio between the tunnel diverging area and the adjacent intermediate section meets the driver's safety visual requirements. This method guides lighting brightness control in tunnel diverging and merging areas, mitigating overall tunnel safety risks.

[0055] A further embodiment of the present invention provides a more refined lighting brightness control scheme. To address situations where the brightness difference between the diverging area and the middle section is too large, a highly accurate prediction model is proposed to quantitatively determine the maximum brightness ratio that drivers can tolerate while meeting safety requirements in the tunnel's merge / diverge area or middle section. This approach, based on this maximum brightness ratio, provides an effective method for calculating and dividing transitional lighting segments. This scheme can be widely integrated with existing tunnel lighting systems, providing not only high-brightness illumination in the diverging area but also a comfortable transition between the high-brightness diverging area and the low-brightness middle section.

[0056] Optional features and other effects of the embodiments of the present invention are partially described below and partially understood by reading this document. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0057] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The elements shown are not limited to the scale shown in the drawings, and the same or similar reference numerals in the drawings represent the same or similar elements.

[0058] Figure 1 A first exemplary flow chart of a lighting control method according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0059] Figure 2 A second exemplary flow chart of a lighting control method according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0060] Figure 3 shows a third exemplary flow chart of a lighting control method according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0061] Figure 4 shows a fourth exemplary flow chart of a lighting control method according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0062] Figure 5 shows a fifth exemplary flow chart of a lighting control method according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0063] Figure 6 shows a sixth exemplary flow chart of a lighting control method according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0064] Figure 7 shows a seventh exemplary flow chart of a lighting control method according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0065] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of an experimental site according to a specific embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0066] Figure 9 A linear trend graph showing the minimum visual recognition distance of a target object according to a specific embodiment of the present invention; and

[0067] Figure 10 A schematic diagram of a transition lighting segment calculation process according to a specific embodiment of the present invention is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0068] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments and accompanying drawings. Here, the exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention, but are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0069] As used herein, the term "including" and its variations denote open inclusion, i.e., "including but not limited to". Unless otherwise stated, the term "or" denotes "and / or". The term "based on" denotes "based at least in part on". The terms "an example embodiment" and "an embodiment" denote "at least one example embodiment". The term "another embodiment" denotes "at least one other embodiment". To facilitate understanding of this specification, the sequential terms "first", "second", etc. are used herein to distinguish different elements / items / objects and do not denote the order or importance of different elements / items / objects. In particular, method steps expressed with the terms "first", "second", etc. are not intended to indicate the order in which the methods are executed; when an embodiment contains elements / items / objects expressed in a later order, the elements / items / objects expressed in the earlier order with the terms "first", "second", etc. are not necessarily essential technical features of the embodiment.

[0070] As mentioned above, the existing industry standard "Highway Tunnel Lighting Design Specifications" (JTG-T-D702-01-2014) recommends increasing the lighting brightness in the diversion area of ​​the tunnel to no less than three times the brightness of ordinary tunnel sections, in order to enhance the driver's visual recognition ability and reduce safety risks.

[0071] However, the inventors of the present invention realized that the solutions recommended in the existing industry standards are too broad and do not take into account the overall (lighting) environment of different tunnels. If this solution without distinguishing the actual overall environment of the tunnel is adopted to blindly only increase the lighting brightness of the diversion area of ​​the tunnel, although it may improve the driver's ability to recognize the diversion area with high lighting brightness to a certain extent, it may cause further potential safety hazards and may even reduce the overall tunnel safety of the tunnel diversion area and its surrounding areas. It cannot be widely used in various tunnels at all.

[0072] Accordingly, embodiments of the present invention aim to provide a tunnel diverging area lighting control method based on safe visual recognition, which can be widely applied to existing road tunnels. In particular, it can optimize the lighting scheme of illuminated sections within tunnel diverging areas, thereby improving drivers' overall visual recognition ability in complex tunnel environments, enhancing the overall safety of the tunnel, reducing the risk of traffic accidents, and improving the overall operational efficiency of traffic within the tunnel. In this embodiment, the sections within the tunnel diverging area should be understood as the relatively high-brightness diverging and merging sections within the tunnel's diverging and merging areas, as well as the relatively low-brightness intermediate sections.

[0073] The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Figure 1As shown, a method for controlling lighting in a tunnel diversion area is provided, which may include at least the following S120, S130, S140 and S150.

[0074] S120: Obtaining a relationship model of the visual recognition distance, the brightness value and the brightness ratio change generated based on a plurality of visual recognition samples.

[0075] In some embodiments of the present invention, the plurality of visual recognition samples may include those obtained in an actual tunnel diverging area environment. In some embodiments of the present invention, the plurality of visual recognition samples may also include those obtained in a simulated tunnel diverging area on an ordinary section of an actual tunnel. In further embodiments, the plurality of visual recognition samples may also include those obtained in a simulated tunnel diverging area environment on an ordinary length of road.

[0076] In this embodiment, each of the visual recognition samples may include a minimum visual recognition distance for an observer to observe a target object in a low-brightness lighting segment in a high-brightness lighting segment.

[0077] In this embodiment, each visual recognition sample also includes at least two of a first brightness value of a low-brightness lighting segment, a second brightness value of a high-brightness lighting segment, and a brightness ratio of the second brightness value to the first brightness value, and the brightness value of the relationship model corresponds to the first brightness value or the second brightness value.

[0078] In some embodiments of the present invention, for example, a (functional) relationship model between the visual distance (D) and the brightness value (L) and the brightness ratio (K) may be established based on the obtained multiple visual samples by using a regression analysis method.

[0079] In some embodiments of the present invention, the relationship model is a quadratic polynomial regression model, and the brightness value (L) of the relationship model may correspond to the first brightness value of the low-brightness lighting segment. The relationship model is shown in the following formula (1):

[0080] D=aL 2 +bK 2 +cL+dK+e (1)

[0081] Where: D is the visual distance, L is the first brightness value, K is the brightness ratio of the second brightness value to the first brightness value, K ≥ 1, a, b, c, d, e are constants;

[0082] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, a=1.44, b=8.94, c=-2.53, d=-78.08, and e=240.58.

[0083] In some embodiments of the present invention, the brightness value (L) of the relationship model may correspond to the second brightness value of the highlight lighting segment, and the relationship model is shown in the following formula (2):

[0084] D=a'L 2 / K 2 +b'K 2 +c'L 2 / K 2 +d'K+e' (2)

[0085] Where: D is the visual distance, L is the first brightness value, K is the brightness ratio of the second brightness value to the first brightness value, and K ≥ 1.

[0086] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, a'=1.44, b'=8.94, c'=-2.53, d'=-78.08, and e'=-240.58.

[0087] S130: Acquire a safe visual distance of the tunnel, and acquire a first brightness value of a low-brightness lighting segment or a second brightness value of a high-brightness lighting segment of the tunnel.

[0088] In embodiments of the present invention, the safe visual distance refers to the minimum distance required for the driver to clearly see the obstacle ahead and take safe braking measures to bring the vehicle to a complete stop. In some embodiments of the present invention, the design speed of the tunnel can be obtained, and the safe visual distance of the tunnel can be determined based on the design speed. In some embodiments of the present invention, the safe visual distance can be determined by consulting existing standards. In a specific example, reference can be made to the relevant provisions of the "Design Specifications for Highway Tunnel Lighting" (JTG / T D70 / 2-01-2014).

[0089] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the visual distance D is a safe visual distance, for example, the stopping visual distance at the design speed corresponding to the tunnel in Table 1.

[0090] Table 1 Stopping sight distances corresponding to different design speeds

[0091] Speed ​​(km / h) 60 80 100 120 Stopping sight distance (m) 75 110 160 210

[0092] In this embodiment of the present invention, the first brightness value of the low-brightness lighting segment of the tunnel is specifically the brightness value of the intermediate lighting segment adjacent to the high-brightness lighting segment in the tunnel diversion area and its adjacent road sections. In this embodiment, the first brightness value of the low-brightness lighting segment can be determined by on-site measurement using a luminance meter in an actual tunnel environment. In other optional embodiments, the first brightness value of the low-brightness lighting segment may also include a set brightness value or real-time brightness value of the intermediate lighting segment obtained from the tunnel's lighting control system.

[0093] S140: According to the safe visibility distance of the tunnel and the first brightness value or the second brightness value, determine, through a relationship model, a maximum brightness ratio that satisfies the safe visibility distance under the first brightness value or the second brightness value condition.

[0094] In some embodiments of the present invention, the safe visual distance corresponding to the tunnel and the first brightness value of the low-brightness lighting segment or the second brightness value of the high-brightness lighting segment can be input into the relationship model corresponding to the tunnel to determine whether the first brightness value of the low-brightness lighting segment or the second brightness value of the high-brightness lighting segment in the tunnel meets the (first) maximum brightness ratio of the safe visual distance.

[0095] In some embodiments of the present invention, the (first) maximum brightness ratio should be understood as the maximum allowable brightness ratio that satisfies the safe viewing distance. In embodiments of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, the (first) maximum brightness ratio represents the initial maximum (allowable) brightness ratio.

[0096] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, referring to the specific embodiment in the aforementioned S120, further analysis is performed using the relationship model described in the above formula (2) to obtain the following formula (3):

[0097] bK 2 +dK=De-cL-aL 2 (3)

[0098] Among them, a, b, c, d, and e are constants. It can be seen that the brightness ratio K of the high-brightness lighting segment to the low-brightness lighting segment is a function of the low-brightness lighting segment brightness L and the safe visual distance D. From this, the following equations (4) and (5) are derived:

[0099] f(L,D)=De-cL-aL 2 (4)

[0100] bK 2 +dK-f(L,D)=0 (5)

[0101] The maximum brightness ratio K that satisfies the safe visual distance D under the condition of the brightness value L in the low-brightness lighting section can be obtained by solving the above formula (5), which is specifically shown in the following formula (6):

[0102]

[0103] However, it is understandable that in some embodiments of the present invention, the relationship model described in the above formula (4) can be further analyzed to obtain the maximum brightness ratio K' that meets the safe visual distance D under the second brightness value L of the high-brightness lighting section, which will not be repeated here.

[0104] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, a=1.44, b=8.94, c=-2.53, d=-78.08, and e=240.58.

[0105] Continuing with the specific embodiment, in a specific example of the present invention, the design speed of the target tunnel is 80 km / h, and the safe visual distance D corresponding to the design speed of 80 km / h is 110 m. According to the "Highway Tunnel Lighting Design Rules" (JTG / T D70 / 2-01-2014), the safe visual distance D corresponding to the design speed of 80 km / h is 110 m, and the lighting brightness value of the middle section of the target tunnel (i.e., the first brightness value of the low-brightness lighting section) is L=3 cd / m 2 , substitute the above safe visual distance D and lighting brightness value L into the above formula (8), take m = 8.94, n = 78.08, o = 240.58, p = 2.53, q = 1.44, solve the relationship model to determine K ≈ 2.4, thus it can be determined that at 3 cd / m 2 Under the condition of the middle section lighting brightness value, the maximum brightness ratio that the driver can bear at a safe viewing distance of 110m is 2.4. In other words, in order to ensure that the driver can observe 3cd / m 2 The visibility in the middle section of the target tunnel meets the requirement of a safe visibility distance of 110m, and the brightness ratio between the diversion area and the middle section should not exceed 2.4. In another specific example, the design speed of the target tunnel is 100km / h, and the safe visibility distance D corresponding to the design speed of 100km / h is 160m. The lighting brightness value of the middle section of the target tunnel (i.e., the first brightness value of the low-brightness lighting section) is L=2cd / m 2 Substitute the above-mentioned safe viewing distance D and lighting brightness value L into the above formula (8) and solve the relationship model to determine K≈2.25.

[0106] As mentioned above, tunnel diverging areas, as key nodes for separating traffic flows, present complex traffic environments and high safety risks. The current standard, "Highway Tunnel Lighting Design Specifications" (JTG-T-D702-01-2014), recommends increasing lighting brightness in tunnel diverging and merging areas to no less than three times that of ordinary road sections in order to enhance driver visibility.

[0107] However, the inventors of the present invention realized that although such a fixed-multiple brightness enhancement strategy improves the driver's visual recognition ability when driving from a dark area to a bright area, it may produce unexpected potential negative effects. Specifically, when the driver needs to drive from a high-brightness diversion area to a low-brightness middle section, since the human eye's adaptability to the "light-dark" environment is much lower than that of a "dark-light" environment, this excessive 3-fold brightness difference is likely to in turn lead to a decrease in the driver's visual recognition ability of the low-brightness middle section in the high-brightness diversion area. In a closed environment such as a tunnel, the driver's visual system is more sensitive to light changes, and the impact of this visual adaptation disorder is serious, further reducing the driver's visual recognition ability. As a specific example, referring to the previous specific embodiment, in order to ensure that the driver observes 3cd / m in the diversion area 2 The visibility ability in the middle section of the diversion area meets the requirement of a safe visibility distance of 110m. The maximum brightness ratio between the diversion area and the middle section is 2.4, while the brightness ratio stipulated in the industry standard is 3.0>2.4. If the brightness is controlled according to the industry standard, it will obviously lead to a significant decrease in the driver's visibility when observing the middle section in the diversion area.

[0108] Here, the maximum brightness ratio determined by the lighting control method according to an embodiment of the present invention, such as the maximum brightness ratio determined in step S140, can be used to evaluate and guide the rationality of the brightness ratio setting between the diversion area and its adjacent intermediate section, as set according to current industry standards. In a further embodiment of the present invention, the maximum (allowable) brightness ratio determined in step S140 is combined to provide a further effective solution for controlling the brightness of tunnel diversion area lighting, thereby meeting the industry standard requirement for improving the brightness of diversion area lighting while also addressing the shortcomings of the fixed brightness ratio strategy.

[0109] S150: selectively setting one or more transition lighting segments between the high-brightness lighting segment and the low-brightness lighting segment of the tunnel according to the maximum brightness ratio.

[0110] In some embodiments of the present invention, the maximum brightness ratio is, for example, the maximum brightness ratio determined based on the relationship model in step S140. In this embodiment, the maximum brightness ratio is, for example, the maximum (allowable) brightness ratio, and the selection of whether to set one or more transitional lighting segments between the high-brightness and low-brightness lighting segments of the tunnel can be based on this maximum (allowable) brightness ratio. In other words, in this embodiment, the maximum (allowable) brightness ratio is used as a criterion to determine whether to set one or more transitional lighting segments between the high-brightness and low-brightness lighting segments of the tunnel. More specifically, based on the relative magnitude of the maximum (allowable) brightness ratio, the currently preset brightness ratio threshold, or the current (existing) brightness ratio between the high-brightness and low-brightness lighting segments, one or more transitional lighting segments are selectively set between the high-brightness and low-brightness lighting segments of the tunnel, and are set as needed. This will be described in detail below. In this embodiment, the transitional lighting segment is specifically a new transitional lighting segment inserted between the high-brightness and low-brightness lighting segments. In some embodiments, the lighting control system of the tunnel can be used to divide the lighting segments into different brightness levels.

[0111] In some embodiments of the present invention, reference Figure 2 , the step S150 may at least include the following S151, S152, and S153.

[0112] S151: Determine whether the maximum brightness ratio is greater than or equal to a preset ratio threshold.

[0113] In an embodiment of the present invention, the preset ratio threshold may include a brightness ratio value set according to the actual conditions of the tunnel being targeted or industry / local standards. In a specific embodiment, for ordinary road tunnels, the tunnel diverging area lighting brightness is set to 3.0, for example, according to the recommendations of the existing industry standard "Highway Tunnel Lighting Design Detailed Rules" (JTG-T-D702-01-2014). However, it is understandable that in further embodiments, for example, for diverging and merging areas with higher complexity, the preset ratio threshold may be increased accordingly, for example, set to 3.0 or above, such as 3.5, etc., and the present invention is not limited to this.

[0114] S152: When the maximum brightness ratio is less than a preset ratio threshold, one or more transition lighting segments are set between the high-brightness lighting segment and the low-brightness lighting segment of the tunnel.

[0115] In some embodiments of the present invention, when the maximum (allowable) brightness ratio determined by the relationship model described herein is less than a preset ratio threshold, this indicates that the brightness difference between the high-brightness and low-brightness segments is too large, significantly reducing the driver's ability to see obstacles in the low-brightness segment from the high-brightness segment, and failing to meet the safe viewing distance required for tunnel safety. In this embodiment, the lighting control method of an embodiment of the present invention can be used to control the tunnel lighting control system to divide / set one or more transitional lighting segments between the high-brightness and low-brightness segments.

[0116] In some embodiments of the present invention, the step of providing one or more transition lighting segments between the high-brightness lighting segment and the low-brightness lighting segment of the tunnel may at least include the following step S152 ′.

[0117] S152': According to the brightness value of the high-brightness lighting segment, the brightness value of the low-brightness lighting segment, the safe visual distance and the relationship model, set one or more stepped transition lighting segments and their corresponding stepped transition lighting segment brightness values ​​so that the brightness ratio between any adjacent lighting segments is less than or equal to the maximum brightness ratio.

[0118] In some embodiments of the present invention, the stepped transition lighting segment refers to the transition of the brightness difference between the high-brightness lighting segment and the low-brightness lighting segment through discrete stepped transition lighting segments, wherein the brightness value within each stepped transition lighting segment is relatively fixed, forming a step-like brightness progressive relationship. In this embodiment, the brightness ratio between any adjacent lighting segments in the set lighting segment is less than the maximum brightness ratio, for example, between adjacent stepped transition lighting segments, between a stepped transition lighting segment and an adjacent high-brightness lighting segment, etc. In the embodiment of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, the brightness ratio refers to the brightness ratio of the higher brightness value to the lower brightness value of the two lighting brightness values ​​corresponding to two adjacent lighting segments or two position points. In the embodiment of the present invention, there is no restriction on the specific lighting brightness value of the stepped transition lighting segment, as long as the brightness ratio between any adjacent lighting segments is less than or equal to the maximum brightness ratio.

[0119] In some embodiments of the present invention, when the brightness value in the relationship model corresponds to the first brightness value, for example, in the above-mentioned step S152', the maximum brightness ratio can be, for example, the maximum brightness ratio described in the above-mentioned step S140, and one or more transition lighting segments can be set between the high-brightness lighting segment and the low-brightness lighting segment of the tunnel according to the maximum brightness ratio. In some embodiments of the present invention, the maximum brightness ratio also includes other maximum brightness ratios described in the following embodiments of the present invention. As an explanation and not a limitation, based on the analysis of the acquired relationship models (1) and (2), the inventors of the present invention found that when the brightness value in the (first) relationship model corresponds to the first brightness value, in the (first) relationship model, the first brightness value is positively correlated with the maximum brightness ratio determined by the relationship (first) relationship model. Therefore, when setting multiple transition lighting segments, it is only necessary to ensure that the brightness ratio between the multiple transition lighting segments is less than or equal to the maximum (initial) brightness ratio confirmed in the step S140, so that the minimum visual distance between adjacent lighting segments can meet the requirements of the safe visual distance.

[0120] In some embodiments of the present invention, there is no specific restriction on the length of the step transition lighting section. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the length of any of the step transition lighting sections is greater than or equal to the stopping sight distance corresponding to the design speed of the tunnel (i.e., the aforementioned safe visual distance). In this embodiment, it may be preferable to set the lighting brightness value of the step transition lighting section as high as possible, for example, so that the brightness ratio between the step transition lighting section and the adjacent lighting section is equal to the maximum brightness ratio, thereby reducing the number of the set step transition lighting sections to reduce the total road length required for all step transition lighting sections. In other embodiments, when the tunnel section length is sufficient, it may also be appropriate to make the brightness ratio between adjacent lighting sections lower than the maximum brightness ratio, and the number of the step transition lighting sections will be increased accordingly.

[0121] In some embodiments of the present invention, an iterative method may be adopted to dynamically determine the maximum brightness ratio between adjacent transition segments.

[0122] In some embodiments of the present invention, a transition lighting segment with gradually increasing brightness can be gradually set based on the low-brightness lighting segment. Figure 3 , the step S152' may at least include the following steps S1521' to S1528'.

[0123] S1521′: Determine the low-brightness lighting segment of the tunnel as the current reference lighting segment.

[0124] S1522′: Determine a third brightness value according to the brightness value of the current reference lighting segment and the maximum brightness ratio.

[0125] In some embodiments of the present invention, for example, in step S1522', the maximum brightness ratio is, for example, the (first) maximum brightness ratio determined in step S140. In a specific embodiment, the third brightness value is, for example, the product of the maximum brightness ratio and the brightness value of the current reference lighting segment.

[0126] S1523′: Setting a step-transition lighting segment having a third brightness value, and determining the set step-transition lighting segment as a current reference lighting segment.

[0127] S1524′: Determine a second maximum brightness ratio through a relationship model according to the safe visual distance and the brightness value of the current reference lighting segment.

[0128] In an embodiment of the present invention, after a transition lighting segment is confirmed, the transition lighting segment can be used as the current reference lighting segment, and the second maximum brightness ratio that satisfies the safe visual distance under the brightness value condition of the transition lighting segment can be confirmed through a relational model.

[0129] S1525′: Determine a fourth brightness value according to the second maximum brightness ratio and the brightness value of the current reference lighting segment.

[0130] In the embodiment of the present invention, the determination of the fourth brightness value is similar to the determination of the third brightness value in the aforementioned step, and will not be repeated here.

[0131] S1526': when the fourth brightness value is less than the brightness value of the highlight lighting segment, set a stepped transition lighting segment with the fourth brightness value, determine the newly set stepped transition lighting segment as the current reference lighting segment, and repeat steps S1524' to S1526'.

[0132] In an embodiment of the present invention, when the fourth brightness value is less than the brightness value of the highlight lighting segment, it indicates that the brightness difference between the brightness value of the highlight lighting segment and the current reference segment is still too large, and therefore it is necessary to set a stepped transition lighting segment with a fourth brightness value.

[0133] S1527′: When the fourth brightness value is greater than or equal to the lighting brightness value of the highlight lighting segment, no new step transition lighting segment is set.

[0134] In an embodiment of the present invention, when the fourth brightness value is greater than or equal to the lighting brightness value of the highlight lighting segment, it indicates that the brightness difference between the brightness value of the highlight lighting segment and the current reference segment is appropriate and can meet the requirements of the safe visual distance, so a new stepped transition lighting segment is no longer set.

[0135] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the relationship model adopts the relationship model described in the above formula (3), thereby determining one or more step transition lighting segments and their corresponding step transition lighting segment brightness values ​​based on the brightness value of the high-brightness lighting segment, the brightness value of the low-brightness lighting segment, the safe visual recognition distance, and the relationship model, for example, in combination with the above formulas (5) to (8). In this embodiment, specifically, the target tunnel design speed V is 100 km / h, the safe visual recognition distance at this speed is 160m, and the brightness value of the low-brightness lighting segment (middle segment) is known to be L1=2cd / m 2 According to industry standards, the preset brightness value L2 of the high-brightness lighting section (diversion area) is 3 times that of the low-brightness lighting section, that is, L2 = 6cd / m 2 In this regard, according to the aforementioned relationship model (3), at a vehicle speed of V = 100 km / h, the safe visual distance D between adjacent lighting segments should be no less than 160 meters. In this embodiment, it is finally decided to add a 4.50 cd / m 2 The transition section from 2cd / m 2 to 6cd / m 2 The smooth transition ensures that the brightness ratio between the diversion area lighting section and the middle section is within a reasonable range, meets the requirements of safe visual distance, and provides the driver with a good visual adaptation process.

[0136] In some embodiments of the present invention, based on the highlight lighting segment, a transition lighting segment with gradually decreasing brightness can be gradually set. Figure 4 , the step S152' may further include the following steps S1521" to S1527".

[0137] S1521”: Determine the highlighted lighting segment of the tunnel as the current reference lighting segment.

[0138] S1522": Determine a fifth brightness value based on the brightness value of the current reference lighting segment and the maximum brightness ratio.

[0139] S1523": Setting a step-transition lighting segment with a fifth brightness value, and determining the set step-transition lighting segment as a current reference lighting segment.

[0140] S1524": Determine a third maximum brightness ratio through a relationship model based on the safe viewing distance and the brightness value of the current reference lighting segment.

[0141] S1525": Determine a sixth brightness value according to the third maximum brightness ratio and the brightness value of the current reference lighting segment.

[0142] S1526": When the sixth brightness value is greater than the brightness value of the low-brightness lighting segment, a stepped transition lighting segment with the sixth brightness value is set, the newly set stepped transition lighting segment is determined as the current reference lighting segment, and steps S1524 to S1526 are repeated.

[0143] S1527": When the sixth brightness value is less than or equal to the lighting brightness value of the low-brightness lighting segment, no new step transition lighting segment is set.

[0144] In an embodiment of the present invention, the description of the above steps S1524" to S1527" is similar to the description of the above steps S1524' to S1527', except that the relationship model used in steps S1524" to S1527" is the relationship model shown in the above formula (4), and the transition lighting segment is based on the high-brightness lighting segment, and the brightness of the transition lighting segment is gradually reduced.

[0145] In other embodiments of the present invention, Figure 5 The step of providing one or more transition lighting segments between the high-brightness lighting segment and the low-brightness lighting segment of the tunnel may further include the following S152" and S154.

[0146] S152”: Determine the position-brightness curve.

[0147] In some embodiments of the present invention, for any two points in the position-brightness curve whose interval is less than or equal to the safe visual distance, the brightness ratio between the brightness values ​​corresponding to the two points is less than or equal to the maximum brightness ratio determined according to the relationship model and the safe visual distance. In one example, the position-brightness curve is obtained by deducing and fitting the relationship model of the aforementioned embodiment of the present invention. In a specific example, for example, based on the safe visual distance of 160m in the previous specific embodiment and the brightness value condition of the lighting segment (low-brightness lighting segment 2cd / m 2 , high brightness lighting section 6cd / m 2 ), a continuous position-brightness curve is obtained through curve fitting. This curve must meet the following requirements: for any two points on the curve separated by 160m or less, the brightness ratio between the brightness values ​​corresponding to the two points is less than or equal to the maximum brightness ratio determined based on the illumination brightness value of any point between the two points, the relationship model, and the safe visual distance. In some embodiments, the position-brightness curve can also be obtained by fine-tuning an existing position-brightness curve using tunnel visual sample data obtained using the aforementioned embodiments of the present invention. In other embodiments, the position-brightness curve can also be an existing position-brightness curve.

[0148] S154: Setting the lighting brightness value of the gradual transition lighting segment according to the position-brightness curve.

[0149] In some embodiments of the present invention, the brightness of the gradually transitioning lighting segment increases continuously from the low-brightness lighting segment to the high-brightness lighting segment. It is understood that in this embodiment, the low-brightness lighting segment is divided into only one gradually transitioning lighting segment between the high-brightness lighting segments, and the gradually transitioning lighting segment is adjacent to the high-brightness lighting segment (diversion segment) and the low-brightness lighting segment (intermediate segment) in the tunnel diversion area.

[0150] In the embodiment of the present invention, as mentioned above, one or more transition lighting segments may be selectively provided between the high-brightness lighting segment and the low-brightness lighting segment of the tunnel. Accordingly, the method further includes the following step S153.

[0151] S153: When the maximum brightness ratio is greater than or equal to the preset ratio threshold, no transition lighting segment is set.

[0152] In some embodiments of the present invention, when the maximum brightness ratio determined based on the relationship model of the present invention is greater than or equal to a preset ratio threshold, it indicates that the brightness difference corresponding to the preset ratio threshold is acceptable to the driver, and therefore, there is no need to set a transition lighting segment. In one example, the lighting control system can use the preset threshold and the brightness value of the low-brightness lighting segment to determine the brightness value of the high-brightness lighting segment.

[0153] In some embodiments of the present invention, reference Figure 6 Before the aforementioned step S120, step S110 may be included: obtaining multiple visual recognition samples.

[0154] In some embodiments of the present invention, reference Figure 7 The step of obtaining a plurality of visual recognition samples may at least include the following steps S111 to S116.

[0155] S111: Setting a target object at a preset position in the low-brightness lighting section.

[0156] In some embodiments of the present invention, the target includes, but is not limited to, a target for evaluating road or tunnel lighting. The present invention does not limit the specific specifications of the target. In one embodiment of the present invention, a small cube target with dimensions of 0.2m x 0.2m x 0.2m is used, referring to the recommended values ​​in the "Guidelines for Tunnel and Underground Passage Lighting."

[0157] In some embodiments of the present invention, the preset position may include multiple positions. During or after step S111, the method may further include: determining multiple preset positions. In this embodiment, the step of setting the target object at the preset position of the low-brightness lighting segment may include: setting the target object at one of the multiple preset positions of the low-brightness lighting segment. In an optional embodiment of the present invention, the preset position may be determined as the junction of the high-brightness lighting segment and the low-brightness lighting segment, that is, the high-brightness-low-brightness brightness boundary. By way of explanation and not limitation, the inventors of the present invention have found that according to actual experimental results, observers, such as drivers traveling in tunnels, have the longest visual distance for targets at the high-brightness-low-brightness brightness boundary, that is, their visual recognition ability is the worst. Therefore, according to the most unfavorable principle, small targets can be set at the brightness boundary. This design method further saves the step of obtaining visual recognition samples, which can save the workload when obtaining visual recognition samples in the actual target tunnel.

[0158] S112: Determine a plurality of brightness combinations, each brightness combination including a first brightness value of a low-brightness lighting segment, a second brightness value of a high-brightness lighting segment, and a brightness ratio of the second brightness value to the first brightness value.

[0159] In some embodiments of the present invention, the "low brightness" and "high brightness" refer to the relative size relationship of the lighting brightness values. In the embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of brightness (parameter) combinations of different lighting segment brightness value ranges can be determined according to the actual brightness conditions of the lighting environment of the tunnel in which the lighting brightness control is to be performed, and the present invention does not limit this. In this embodiment, each brightness combination may include a first brightness value of the low brightness lighting segment, a second brightness value of the high brightness lighting segment, and a brightness ratio of the second brightness value to the first brightness value. In a specific example, the first brightness value in the plurality of brightness combinations is taken from 0.5 cd / m 2 ~6.5cd / m 2 The second brightness value in the plurality of brightness combinations is taken from 1.0 cd / m 2 ~21.5cd / m 2 The brightness ratios of the plurality of brightness combinations (taking the brightness value of the high-brightness lighting segment / the brightness value of the low-brightness lighting segment as an example) are taken from the brightness ratio range of 1.0 to 5.0. In a specific embodiment, a brightness combination is, for example, "first brightness value: 2 cd / m 2 , Second brightness value: 6cd / m 2 , brightness ratio: 2.0".

[0160] In some embodiments of the present invention, the multiple high-brightness lighting segments and low-brightness lighting segments are especially lighting segments in a road tunnel environment, wherein the "lighting segments" are especially segments with different lighting control requirements divided in a tunnel lighting control system.

[0161] S113: Setting a first brightness value of the low-brightness lighting segment and a second brightness value of the high-brightness lighting segment according to one of a plurality of brightness combinations.

[0162] In some embodiments of the present invention, the brightness combination in the above step S113 is, for example, one of the brightness combinations determined in the above step S112.

[0163] S114: enabling at least one of the multiple observers to observe the target object at multiple observation positions in the high-brightness lighting segment to determine a minimum visual recognition distance of the target object.

[0164] In some embodiments of the present invention, the minimum visual distance refers to the minimum distance at which an observer can clearly identify an object. The minimum visual distance can be used to reflect the observer's visual perception ability under specific lighting conditions. In this embodiment, the observer may be an observer in a car traveling slowly at a certain speed in a tunnel environment, such as the driver of a car.

[0165] In some embodiments of the present invention, to assess whether an observer meets the "clear recognition" requirement for safe driving in road tunnels, a subjective qualitative indicator can be established. For example, this can be achieved through a visual recognition level grading approach. In one specific embodiment, the visual recognition level grading includes, but is not limited to, a five-level classification: clear, generally clear, somewhat blurry, blurry, and very blurry. It should be understood that in other embodiments, a more detailed classification method of seven or nine levels can also be used, and the present invention is not limited to this.

[0166] S115: Repeat step S114 for each observer until completion.

[0167] S116: Repeat steps S113 to S114 for each brightness combination until completion.

[0168] In some embodiments of the present invention, as an alternative to steps S115 and S116, step S110 may further include: S115': repeating steps S113 to S114 for each brightness combination until completion; S116': repeating step S115' for each observer until completion.

[0169] In some embodiments of the present invention, the step S110 may further include: repeating steps S112 to S116 ( S116 ′) for each of the preset positions until completion.

[0170] In some embodiments of the present invention, these multiple visual recognition samples can be used to establish the aforementioned relationship model. In other embodiments, these multiple visual recognition samples can be used to fine-tune existing relationship models applicable to other tunnels according to embodiments of the present invention to determine a target relationship model suitable for lighting control in a target tunnel, as described in detail below.

[0171] In some embodiments of the present invention, accordingly, a tunnel diversion area lighting control device is also provided, which may at least include the following first acquisition unit, second acquisition unit, determination unit and setting unit.

[0172] a first acquisition unit configured to acquire a relationship model of a visual recognition distance and a change in a brightness value relative to a brightness ratio generated based on a plurality of visual recognition samples, wherein each visual recognition sample includes a minimum visual recognition distance of an observer observing a target object in a low-brightness lighting segment in a high-brightness lighting segment, and each visual recognition sample further includes at least two of a first brightness value in the low-brightness lighting segment, a second brightness value in the high-brightness lighting segment, and a brightness ratio of the second brightness value relative to the first brightness value, and the brightness value in the relationship model corresponds to the first brightness value or the second brightness value;

[0173] a second acquiring unit configured to acquire a safe visual distance of the tunnel and acquire a first brightness value of a low-brightness lighting segment or a second brightness value of a high-brightness lighting segment of the tunnel;

[0174] a determining unit configured to determine, based on the safe visual distance and the first brightness value or the second brightness value, a maximum brightness ratio that satisfies the safe visual distance under the conditions of the first brightness value or the second brightness value by using the relationship model;

[0175] The setting unit selectively sets one or more transition lighting segments between the high-brightness lighting segment and the low-brightness lighting segment of the tunnel according to the maximum brightness ratio.

[0176] In some embodiments of the present invention, a road tunnel is further provided, comprising a tunnel diverging area, wherein the tunnel diverging area has a lighting scheme configured according to the tunnel diverging area lighting control method according to any embodiment of the present invention.

[0177] The inventors of this invention recognize the current lack of effective solutions for controlling lighting brightness in tunnel diverging and merging areas. In particular, while current industry standards offer only general recommendations, the potential risks of significant brightness differences between diverging areas and intermediate sections are often overlooked. To address this, the tunnel diverging area lighting control method of the present invention utilizes a highly accurate relationship model based on human visual perception. This model quantitatively assesses whether the brightness ratio between the tunnel diverging area and the adjacent intermediate section meets the driver's safety visual requirements. This method guides lighting brightness control in tunnel diverging and merging areas, mitigating overall tunnel safety risks.

[0178] A further embodiment of the present invention provides a more refined lighting brightness control scheme. For situations where the brightness difference between the diversion area and the middle section is too large, a lighting brightness adjustment scheme based on a highly predictive relationship model is proposed. Furthermore, an effective method for calculating and dividing transition lighting segments is provided. This scheme can be widely integrated with existing tunnel lighting systems, providing not only high-brightness lighting in the diversion area but also a comfortable transition between the high-brightness diversion area and the low-brightness middle section.

[0179] In a further embodiment of the present invention, taking into account the different tunnel types, pavement materials, ambient lighting and specifications of specific diverging and merging areas of different actual tunnels, the method of the embodiment of the present invention can also be used in combination with the actual environment of the target tunnel to obtain visual samples, and the relationship model of the optional embodiment of the present invention can be fine-tuned based on the visual samples, so as to achieve the effect of "thousands of roads and thousands of models", thereby realizing customized lighting brightness control and providing a better lighting brightness control solution.

[0180] In a further embodiment of the present invention, the inventors have further recognized that, in practical applications, due to dynamic changes in weather, energy conservation, environmental protection, and traffic volume, the brightness of existing tunnel low-brightness lighting segments needs to be adjusted according to different operating conditions. Consequently, the brightness of the lighting in tunnel diverging and merging areas should also be dynamically adjusted. However, current dynamic brightness adjustment schemes often target semi-open areas such as tunnel entrances and exits, leaving a lack of control over the brightness difference within closed tunnels, particularly within tunnel diverging and merging areas and their adjacent road sections. Therefore, the lighting brightness control scheme implemented in the present invention can also be used to dynamically adjust the brightness of tunnel diverging and merging areas and related road sections. By obtaining the first brightness value of the target low-brightness lighting segment or the second brightness value of the target high-brightness lighting segment to be adjusted, combined with the safe visual distance and corresponding relationship model, this provides an adjustment basis and an effective solution for adjusting the lighting brightness near the tunnel diverging area. In some embodiments of the present invention, the method for adjusting the lighting brightness includes adjusting the specific brightness value of each transition lighting segment. Specifically, the lighting brightness of each transition lighting segment is recalculated and set according to the new maximum brightness ratio requirement. In some embodiments of the present invention, adjusting the lighting brightness includes adjusting the number of transition lighting segments. For example, if the existing number of transition lighting segments cannot meet the new brightness ratio requirement, the number of transition lighting segments can be increased. In some embodiments, adjusting the lighting brightness also includes switching between stepped and gradual transition lighting segments.

[0181] Example

[0182] Here, the following experimental example is provided as an example. This can be used, for example, to determine the minimum visual distance of a small object observed by an observer under different combinations of first brightness values ​​in low-brightness lighting segments and brightness ratios of second brightness values ​​in high-brightness lighting segments to the first brightness value in low-brightness lighting segments. This experiment can, for example, be used to obtain the aforementioned plurality of visual recognition sample data to generate the aforementioned relationship model between visual recognition distance and brightness value relative to brightness ratio changes.

[0183] 1. Experimental Setup

[0184] In the actual tunnel test site (tunnel section), high-brightness lighting section and low-brightness lighting section are divided, and the environmental brightness control system is built / controlled. By adjusting the brightness values ​​of different lighting sections, the different brightness ratios between the tunnel diversion area and the high-brightness lighting section and the low-brightness lighting section are simulated. Specifically, refer to Figure 8 The experimental site diagram shown in the figure shows different illumination brightness values ​​for adjacent sections of the tunnel diversion area (low-lighting section L1 and high-lighting section L2). Small objects are placed at different positions within low-lighting section L1. Multiple observers observe the small objects separately, collecting both quantitative and qualitative metrics. The quantitative metric is the observer's visual distance of the small object, and the qualitative metric is the observer's subjective assessment of the small object's visibility. In this example, by adjusting the illumination brightness values ​​of adjacent sections and the position of the small object, the illumination brightness values ​​of different adjacent sections, the ratio of illumination brightness values ​​of different adjacent sections, and the visual distance data at the target position are obtained.

[0185] 2. Experimental subjects

[0186] A random sampling method was used to select 24 drivers as observers. These observers met the following criteria: good health, no alcohol or medication use prior to the experiment; well-rested and normal reflexes; uncorrected visual acuity of 4.9 or higher in both eyes; and no eye diseases such as color blindness or color deficiency. In this example, given that the visual level of a passenger car driver is lower than that of a large truck, their field of vision is less extensive, making it more difficult to visually identify objects under the same lighting conditions. Therefore, according to the principle of least favorable conditions, a typical passenger car was selected as the experimental vehicle to ensure the validity and applicability of the experimental data.

[0187] 3. Experimental plan

[0188] In this embodiment, a diversion influence area in the downlink direction of an actual tunnel section of the Shenzhen–Zhongshan Link is selected as the experimental site for the experiment. The diversion influence area includes the middle lighting section (low-brightness lighting section) and the diversion section (high-brightness lighting section).

[0189] refer to Figure 3, shows a schematic diagram of the experimental scene of the experiment, which shows the high-brightness lighting section L2 (diversion section) and the low-brightness lighting section L1 (lighting middle section). By using the control system of the existing lighting equipment, the road section lighting brightness of the low-brightness lighting section L1 and the high-brightness lighting section L2 is adjusted to form different road surface brightness differences between the low-brightness lighting section L1 and the high-brightness lighting section L2.

[0190] In this embodiment, referring to the description of the brightness of the middle section in the Tunnel Lighting Design Regulations, the corresponding lighting brightness value of the low-brightness lighting section L1 is: 0.5 cd / m 2 , 2.5cd / m 2 , 4.5cd / m 2 , 6.5cd / m 2 The brightness ratio of the high-brightness lighting section L2 to the low-brightness lighting section L1 was set to 1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0, and 5.0. A total of 17 visual recognition tests were conducted under the following working conditions as shown in Table 2.

[0191] Table 2 Brightness design of two adjacent lighting segments

[0192]

[0193]

[0194] 4. Experimental steps (1) Adjust the lighting brightness values ​​of the high-brightness lighting section L2 and the low-brightness lighting section L1 to the first group of test brightness values ​​specified in Table 1.

[0195] (2) The tester places a small target object T in the low-brightness lighting segment L1 at a distance X of -30 m from the junction of the high-brightness lighting segment L2 and the low-brightness lighting segment L1.

[0196] The driver is informed that the test W has begun. The small target T is a cube-shaped small target with a size of 0.2 m x 0.2 m x 0.2 m and a reflectivity of 0.2, according to the recommended values ​​in the Tunnel and Underground Passage Lighting Guide.

[0197] (3) After receiving the start notification, the experimenter (main driver) turns on the vehicle headlights and drives at a constant speed of 5 km / h from the far end of the high-brightness lighting section L2 to the position of the small target object T located in the low-brightness lighting section L1. Among them, a typical passenger car is selected as the experimental vehicle according to the most unfavorable principle.

[0198] (4) The test driver W (observer) observes and recognizes the low-brightness lighting segment L1 from the high-brightness lighting segment L2 in the passenger seat until the visibility level of the small target T in the test driver W's field of view reaches level 2 in the 5-level visibility level grading table shown in Table 3 below. The test driver W then tells the experimenter to stop the vehicle.

[0199] Table 3 Visual recognition level classification

[0200] Visual recognition level Clarity Scale Statement Level 1 clear At first glance, the outline is clear and the shape is well-defined Level 2 Generally clear At first glance, the outline is clearer Level 3 A bit blurry At first glance, the outline is not clear, but you can feel it roughly. Level 4 Vague The object cannot be found at first glance, the outline is not clear but the object's presence can be felt Level 5 Very vague Hard to spot

[0201] (5) The experimenter records the distance between the test driver W and the small target object T.

[0202] (6) Adjust the lighting brightness values ​​of the high-brightness lighting segment L2 and the low-brightness lighting segment L1 to the second set of test brightness values ​​specified in Table 1, and repeat steps (2) to (5) until all test brightness values ​​are completed.

[0203] (7) Adjust the distance X where the small target object T is located and repeat steps (2) to (7) until all the tests are completed.

[0204] (8) Replace the next test driver W and repeat steps (2)-(6) until all tests are completed.

[0205] In this experiment, an actual tunnel diversion area scene is used to obtain visual samples, but in an embodiment of the present invention, for example, the tunnel diversion area described in the sub-step of the aforementioned step S110 can be an ordinary tunnel scene or a simulated tunnel scene, which falls within the scope of the present invention.

[0206] (2) Result analysis

[0207] Based on the analysis of the results of the above experiments, we can get Figure 2 The linear trend graph shown in Table 1 shows the changing trend of the visual recognition distance of small targets at different position distances of the test drivers under different "light-dark" working conditions, that is, different combinations of brightness values ​​of the high-brightness lighting segment and the brightness of the low-brightness lighting segment.

[0208] Based on Figure 9 As can be seen from the linear trend graph shown, under different brightness combination conditions of "light-dark", the test drivers' visual recognition distance of the small target is approximately the same when the small target is placed in different positions. Specifically, under the complex "light-dark" lighting environment conditions, two lighting segments with different brightness form a brightness interlaced area at the brightness dividing line. As the distance from the small target to the brightness interlaced area decreases, the test drivers' visual recognition distance of the small target shows a continuous downward trend, especially near the lighting brightness dividing line, where the test drivers' visual recognition distance of the small target decreases significantly. The experiment determined that when the small target is located in the brightness interlaced area, the brightness contrast between the target brightness and the background brightness becomes low, and the test drivers' ability to recognize the target is significantly affected.

[0209] Furthermore, when the road surface brightness at L1 is fixed, as the brightness ratio of the high-brightness lighting segment L2 to the low-brightness lighting segment L1 increases (i.e., as the brightness of the high-brightness lighting segment L2 increases, the brightness ratio gradually increases), the minimum visual distance of small objects at the brightness boundary gradually decreases. Therefore, under "bright-dark" lighting conditions, as the brightness ratio of the high-brightness lighting segment L2 to the low-brightness lighting segment L1 increases, the visual distance of small objects at the brightness boundary gradually decreases, significantly reducing the test drivers' visual recognition ability.

[0210] When the brightness ratio of the high-brightness lighting segment L2 is the same as that of the low-brightness lighting segment L1, as the brightness of the low-brightness lighting segment L1 increases, the overall brightness of the lighting environment gradually increases, and the minimum visual distance of small targets at the brightness boundary first decreases and then increases. The brightness of the low-brightness lighting segment L1 is 2.5cd / m 2 Therefore, in a "bright-dark" lighting environment, even if the same brightness ratio of the high-brightness lighting segment L2 to the low-brightness lighting segment L1 is used, changes in the brightness of the low-brightness lighting segment L1 will affect the driver's ability to recognize small objects.

[0211] Therefore, the inventors of the present invention found that under the complex light environment of "light-dark", the brightness value of the low-brightness lighting segment L1 and the brightness ratio of the high-brightness lighting segment L2 to the low-brightness lighting segment L1 have a significant impact on the visual recognition distance of small objects (such as Figure 9 shown).

[0212] Here, in order to further determine the brightness ratio threshold of the high-brightness lighting segment L2 and the low-brightness lighting segment L1 under different tunnel design speed conditions, a relationship model between the low-brightness lighting segment L1, the brightness ratio of the high-brightness lighting segment L2 to the low-brightness lighting segment L1, and the visual recognition distance of small targets under the complex "light-dark" working conditions is constructed based on experimental data, as shown in the following formula (1):

[0213] D=aL 2 +bK 2 +cL+dK+e (1)

[0214] Where: D is the visual distance, L is the first brightness value, K is the brightness ratio of the second brightness value to the first brightness value, K ≥ 1, a, b, c, d, e are constants;

[0215] In one example, a=1.44, b=8.94, c=-2.53, d=-78.08, e=240.58, where the model is evaluated by calculating the coefficient of determination. The results show that the R 2 The value is 0.91, which has a high fitting accuracy.

[0216] In this experiment, in order to ensure that the brightness ratio of the high-brightness lighting section L2 to the low-brightness lighting section L1 in the tunnel can meet the driving safety visual requirements under the "light-dark" complex light environment, D in the above formula (1) takes the stopping sight distance corresponding to different design speeds of the tunnel, for example, the value in the aforementioned Table 1.

[0217] Therefore, when the tunnel design speed is known and the safe stopping sight distance and the brightness value of the middle section (corresponding to the low-brightness lighting section L1) are determined, combined with the fitting model (1) obtained in the study, the brightness ratio of the high-brightness lighting section L2 and the low-brightness lighting section L1 in the tunnel diverging and merging areas that meets the driver's safe sight distance requirements can be obtained, thereby providing a reference for the reasonable setting of lighting brightness values ​​and lighting sections in the tunnel diverging and merging areas.

[0218] Here, we further analyze the relationship model between the illumination brightness value of the low-brightness illumination segment L1, the illumination brightness ratio K of the high-brightness illumination segment L2 and the low-brightness illumination segment L1, and the visual recognition distance D of small targets, and obtain the following modified formula (3):

[0219] bK 2 +dK=De-cL-aL 2 (3)

[0220] Among them, a, b, c, d, and e are constants. It can be seen that the brightness ratio K of the high-brightness lighting segment to the low-brightness lighting segment is a function of the low-brightness lighting segment brightness L and the safe visual distance D. From this, the following equations (4) and (5) are derived:

[0221] f(L,D)=De-cL-aL 2 (4)

[0222] bK 2 +dK-f(L,D)=0 (5)

[0223] The maximum brightness ratio K that satisfies the safe visual distance D under the condition of the brightness value L in the low-brightness lighting section can be obtained by solving the above formula (5), which is specifically shown in the following formula (6):

[0224]

[0225] Therefore, in this experiment, considering the recommendations of the existing industry standard "Highway Tunnel Lighting Design Detailed Rules" (JTG-T-D702-01-2014), the diversion area is increased to three times the brightness of the ordinary tunnel section. Figure 10 The steps shown determine whether a transition section is required in the tunnel's junction and confluence area, i.e., the nearby middle section, and the division and setting calculation of the specific transition section.

[0226] 5. Confirmation and calculation of transition lighting sections

[0227] refer to Figure 10 , which shows a schematic diagram of the calculation process of the transition lighting section provided by this experiment. Figure 10 Specifically, the confirmation and calculation process of the transition lighting segment is as follows:

[0228] (1) Input parameter determination stage: First, input the basic design parameters of the tunnel, including: tunnel design speed V (km / h), stopping sight distance D (m), high-brightness lighting section lighting brightness value L2 (cd / m 2 ), low-lighting section lighting brightness value L1 (cd / m 2 ) and a preset brightness ratio threshold K, where the default value K=3.0 is taken.

[0229] (2) Initial judgment stage: Calculate the initial brightness ratio K0, and use the above calculation formula (6) to determine the relationship between the value of K0 and the preset brightness ratio threshold K to perform scheme diversion, wherein: when K0 ≥ 3.0, there is no need to set a transition lighting segment, and the high-brightness lighting segment lighting brightness value L2 = K*L1 is directly taken, and the calculation process ends. As an explanation but not limitation, when K0 ≥ 3.0, it means that when the preset brightness ratio threshold K is taken, the brightness difference between the high-brightness lighting segment and the low-brightness lighting segment does not exceed the driver's tolerance range, and the driver can still have the visual recognition ability that meets the safety sight distance requirement under this brightness difference. When K0 < 3.0, it is necessary to set a lighting transition segment between the high-brightness lighting segment and the low-brightness lighting segment. For explanation but not limitation, when K0 < 3.0, it means that when the preset brightness ratio threshold K is taken, the brightness difference between the high-brightness lighting segment and the low-brightness lighting segment is too large, which has seriously exceeded the driver's tolerance range. The driver's visual recognition ability is significantly reduced under this brightness difference and cannot meet the safety sight distance requirement.

[0230] (3) Transition lighting section calculation stage:

[0231] Initialization stage: the low-brightness lighting segment lighting brightness value L1 is set as the initial reference segment, and the iteration counter i=1 is set.

[0232] Iterative calculation process: Calculate the brightness ratio K between the i-th transition lighting segment and the low-brightness lighting segment according to the following formula (7): i :

[0233]

[0234] According to K i Calculate the brightness value of the i-th transition segment: L 1i =K i ×L 1(i-1) , where i = 1, 2, 3, ..., n.

[0235] Iteration termination judgment: compare L1i and the illumination brightness value L2 of the highlighted illumination segment: If L 1i < L2, then i = i + 1, and continue the iteration; if L 1i ≥ L2: Enter the termination process.

[0236] Finally determine: Determine the total number of illumination transition segments: m = i - 1, and determine the specific brightness value sequence of each transition illumination segment: L 11 、L 12 ...、L 1(i-1) 。

[0237] In the refined illumination brightness control scheme further provided by the embodiments of the present invention, for the situation where the brightness difference between the shunt area and the middle segment determined according to the embodiments of the present invention is too large, an effective illumination brightness adjustment scheme based on a relationship model with high prediction accuracy is proposed. This scheme of the present invention can be widely combined with existing tunnel lighting systems, and while providing high shunt area illumination brightness, it also provides a comfortable transition between the high-illumination shunt area and the middle segment of the low-brightness illumination segment.

[0238] Under the teaching of the present invention, the features of the method embodiments can be combined into the device embodiments in a non-contradictory manner to obtain new embodiments, and the features of the device embodiments can also be combined into the method embodiments in a non-contradictory manner to obtain new embodiments, which fall within the scope of the present invention.

[0239] Unless explicitly stated, the actions or steps of the methods and procedures described according to the embodiments of the present invention do not necessarily have to be executed in a specific order and still can achieve the desired results. In some embodiments, multitasking and parallel processing are also possible or may be advantageous.

[0240] In this article, multiple embodiments of the present invention are described, but for the sake of brevity, the descriptions of each embodiment are not exhaustive, and the same or similar features or parts between the various embodiments may be omitted. In this article, "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" mean applicable to at least one embodiment or example according to the present invention, rather than all embodiments. The above terms do not necessarily mean referring to the same embodiment or example. Without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0241] While the exemplary systems and methods of the present invention have been specifically shown and described with reference to the foregoing embodiments, these are merely examples of preferred modes of implementing the present systems and methods. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that various changes may be made to the embodiments of the systems and methods described herein when implementing the present systems and / or methods without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined in the appended claims.

Claims

1. A tunnel diversion area lighting control method, characterized in that: include: S120: Obtain a relationship model of a visual recognition distance and a brightness value relative to a brightness ratio generated based on a plurality of visual recognition samples, wherein each visual recognition sample includes a minimum visual recognition distance at which an observer observes a target object in a low-brightness lighting segment in a high-brightness lighting segment, and each visual recognition sample further includes at least two of a first brightness value of the low-brightness lighting segment, a second brightness value of the high-brightness lighting segment, and a brightness ratio of the second brightness value relative to the first brightness value, wherein the brightness value of the relationship model corresponds to the first brightness value or the second brightness value, wherein the relationship model of the visual recognition distance and the brightness value relative to the brightness ratio is shown as follows: D=aL 2 +bK 2 +cL+dK+e Where: D is the visual distance, L is the first brightness value, K is the brightness ratio of the second brightness value to the first brightness value, K ≥ 1, a, b, c, d, e are constants; S130: Obtaining a safe visual distance of the tunnel, and obtaining a first brightness value of a low-brightness lighting segment or a second brightness value of a high-brightness lighting segment of the tunnel; S140: Determine, based on the safe visibility distance of the tunnel and the first brightness value or the second brightness value, a maximum brightness ratio that satisfies the safe visibility distance under the first brightness value or the second brightness value using the relationship model; S150: selectively setting one or more transition lighting segments between the high-brightness lighting segment and the low-brightness lighting segment of the tunnel according to the maximum brightness ratio.

2. The lighting control method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step S150 includes: S151: Determine whether the maximum brightness ratio is greater than or equal to a preset ratio threshold; S152: When the maximum brightness ratio is less than a preset ratio threshold, setting one or more transition lighting segments between the high-brightness lighting segment and the low-brightness lighting segment of the tunnel; S153: When the maximum brightness ratio is greater than or equal to a preset ratio threshold, no transition lighting segment is set.

3. The lighting control method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The step of providing one or more transition lighting sections between the high-brightness lighting section and the low-brightness lighting section of the tunnel comprises: S152': According to the brightness value of the high-brightness lighting segment, the brightness value of the low-brightness lighting segment, the safe visual distance and the relationship model, set one or more stepped transition lighting segments and their corresponding stepped transition lighting segment brightness values ​​so that the brightness ratio between any adjacent lighting segments is less than or equal to the maximum brightness ratio.

4. The lighting control method according to claim 2, wherein: The step S152 includes: S1521′: Determine the low-brightness lighting segment of the tunnel as the current reference lighting segment; S1522′: Determine a third brightness value according to the brightness value of the current reference lighting segment and the maximum brightness ratio; S1523′: setting a step-transition lighting segment having a third brightness value, and determining the set step-transition lighting segment as a current reference lighting segment; S1524′: Determine a second maximum brightness ratio according to the safe visual distance and the brightness value of the current reference lighting segment using the relationship model; S1525′: determining a fourth brightness value according to the second maximum brightness ratio and the brightness value of the current reference lighting segment; S1526′: when the fourth brightness value is less than the brightness value of the highlight lighting segment, setting a step transition lighting segment with the fourth brightness value, determining the newly set step transition lighting segment as the current reference lighting segment, and repeating steps S1524′ to S1526′; S1527′: When the fourth brightness value is greater than or equal to the lighting brightness value of the highlight lighting segment, no new step transition lighting segment is set.

5. The lighting control method according to claim 2, wherein: The step S152 includes: S1521": Determine the highlighted lighting segment of the tunnel as the current reference lighting segment; S1522": Determine a fifth brightness value according to the brightness value of the current reference lighting segment and the maximum brightness ratio; S1523”: Setting a step transition lighting segment with a fifth brightness value, and determining the set step transition lighting segment as a current reference lighting segment; S1524": Determine a third maximum brightness ratio according to the safe visual distance and the brightness value of the current reference lighting segment using the relationship model; S1525": Determine a sixth brightness value according to the third maximum brightness ratio and the brightness value of the current reference lighting segment; S1526": When the sixth brightness value is greater than the brightness value of the low-brightness lighting segment, a stepped transition lighting segment having the sixth brightness value is set, the newly set stepped transition lighting segment is determined as the current reference lighting segment, and steps S1524 to S1526 are repeated; S1527": When the sixth brightness value is less than or equal to the lighting brightness value of the low-brightness lighting segment, no new stepped transition lighting segment is set.

6. The lighting control method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The step of providing one or more transition lighting segments between the high-brightness lighting segment and the low-brightness lighting segment of the tunnel comprises: S152": Determine a position-brightness curve, wherein a brightness ratio between brightness values ​​corresponding to any two points with a distance less than or equal to the safe visual recognition distance on the position-brightness curve is less than or equal to a maximum brightness ratio determined according to the relationship model and the safe visual recognition distance; S154: Setting the lighting brightness value of the gradual transition lighting segment according to the position-brightness curve.

7. The lighting control method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The method further includes S110: obtaining a plurality of visual recognition samples, wherein step S110 includes: S111: Setting a target object at a preset position in the low-brightness lighting section; S112: Determine a plurality of brightness combinations, each brightness combination including a first brightness value for a low-brightness lighting segment, a second brightness value for a high-brightness lighting segment, and a brightness ratio of the second brightness value to the first brightness value; S113: Setting a first brightness value of the low-brightness lighting segment and a second brightness value of the high-brightness lighting segment according to one of the plurality of brightness combinations; S114: enabling one of the multiple observers to observe the target object at multiple observation positions in the high-brightness lighting segment to determine a minimum visual distance of the target object; S115: Repeat step S114 for each observer until completion; S116: For each brightness combination, repeat steps S113 to S115 until completion.

8. A tunnel diversion area lighting control device, characterized in that: include: A first acquisition unit is configured to acquire a relationship model of a visual recognition distance and a change in brightness value relative to a brightness ratio generated based on a plurality of visual recognition samples, wherein each visual recognition sample includes a minimum visual recognition distance at which an observer observes a target object in a low-brightness lighting segment in a high-brightness lighting segment, and each visual recognition sample further includes at least two of a first brightness value in the low-brightness lighting segment, a second brightness value in the high-brightness lighting segment, and a brightness ratio of the second brightness value relative to the first brightness value, wherein the brightness value in the relationship model corresponds to the first brightness value or the second brightness value, and wherein the relationship model of the visual recognition distance and the brightness value relative to the change in the brightness ratio is expressed as follows: D=aL 2 +bK 2 +cL+dK+e Where: D is the visual distance, L is the first brightness value, K is the brightness ratio of the second brightness value to the first brightness value, K ≥ 1, a, b, c, d, e are constants; a second acquiring unit configured to acquire a safe visual distance of the tunnel and acquire a first brightness value of a low-brightness lighting segment or a second brightness value of a high-brightness lighting segment of the tunnel; a determining unit configured to determine, based on the safe visibility distance of the tunnel and the first brightness value or the second brightness value, a maximum brightness ratio that satisfies the safe visibility distance under the conditions of the first brightness value or the second brightness value through the relationship model; The setting unit selectively sets one or more transition lighting segments between the high-brightness lighting segment and the low-brightness lighting segment of the tunnel according to the maximum brightness ratio.

9. A road tunnel comprising a tunnel diverging area, the tunnel diverging area having a lighting scheme configured according to the tunnel diverging area lighting control method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

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