Automatic pupil diameter measurement and reflex detection device

Abstract

An automatic pupil diameter measurement and reflex detection device comprises a base, and the front side of the base is provided with a jaw supporting plate with the position capable of being adjusted up and down; a supporting frame is arranged on the rear side of the base, a main box is arranged on the top of the supporting frame, a window is arranged on the front side of the main box, and access holes are formed in the left and right sides of the main box; an angle adjusting mechanism with an adjustable front-back inclination angle is arranged in the main box body; a strength adjusting mechanism is arranged in the middle of the angle adjusting mechanism and comprises a grooved wheel shaft capable of rotating left and right, and a plurality of groups of optical filters which are distributed in the circumferential direction and are different in density are arranged at the front end of the grooved wheel shaft; an optical distributor and a multi-light-source module are arranged on the rear side of the angle adjusting mechanism. The multi-light-source module comprises a visible light source, an infrared light source and an ultraviolet light source. According to the invention, the problems of inflexible light source intensity and angle adjustment, non-uniform light distribution, incapability of coordinated use of light sources, low signal processing precision, poor patient comfort and the like of the existing equipment are effectively solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of medical devices, and particularly relates to an automatic pupil diameter measurement and reflex detection device. Background Art

[0002] Most of the existing automatic pupil diameter measurement and reflex detection devices use a single light source and a fixed optical system. These devices usually only provide basic pupil diameter measurement functions and lack the ability of multi-light source and multi-function adjustment. The devices in the prior art usually cannot be flexibly adjusted in terms of light source intensity and direction, resulting in insufficient measurement accuracy under different ambient light conditions. Especially in the case of strong or weak light, the imaging effect is often not ideal. For example, a single-wavelength light source often cannot adapt to complex clinical environments. When there is strong ambient light or inconsistent pupil responses of patients, the existing devices cannot effectively improve the imaging contrast or enhance the edge details. The devices in the prior art also lack precise angle and intensity adjustment mechanisms and cannot be flexibly adjusted according to different requirements, resulting in inconvenient operation and low measurement accuracy during use. The existing devices generally use a fixed light source and imaging angle. Such a design makes pupil detection unable to adapt to the head shapes of different patients or different pupil reflex characteristics, thus affecting the measurement accuracy. In addition, the image acquisition module and signal processing module in the prior art usually cannot effectively separate and process multi-wavelength optical signals, resulting in the signals of light sources in different bands not being fully utilized, thus affecting the accuracy and stability of the measurement results. The filter and optical system in traditional devices also cannot quickly switch between different light sources and cannot meet the needs of real-time measurement. The support structure in the prior art is often a fixed design and cannot be adapted to the head shape of the patient, resulting in poor comfort during the measurement process and lack of good fixation of the patient's head and eyes, which may cause the device to be unstable and affect the measurement results. Therefore, the prior art has problems such as inability to coordinate the use of multi-light sources, uneven light distribution, inflexible adjustment of light source intensity and angle, low signal processing accuracy, and poor patient comfort. There is an urgent need for an automatic pupil diameter measurement and reflex detection device that can solve these problems simultaneously, has multi-light source adjustment, flexible adjustment of angle and intensity, and can provide high-precision images and high stability. Summary of the Invention

[0003] Aiming at the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides an automatic pupil diameter measurement and reflex detection device, which effectively solves the problems of inflexible adjustment of light source intensity and angle, uneven light distribution, inability to coordinate the use of light sources, low signal processing accuracy, and poor patient comfort of the existing devices.

[0004] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the above problems is as follows: An automatic pupil diameter measurement and reflex detection device, comprising: Base, with a chin support plate whose position can be adjusted up and down is provided on the front side of the base; a support frame is provided on the rear side of the base, a main box body is provided on the top of the support frame, a viewing window is provided on the front side of the main box body, and maintenance openings are provided on the left and right sides of the main box body; An angle adjustment mechanism with an adjustable front - rear tilt angle is provided inside the main box body; A strength adjustment mechanism is provided in the middle of the angle adjustment mechanism. The strength adjustment mechanism includes a grooved wheel shaft that can rotate left and right. Multiple groups of circumferentially distributed filter plates with different densities are provided at the front end of the grooved wheel shaft; An optical distributor and a multi - light source module are provided on the rear side of the angle adjustment mechanism. The multi - light source module includes a visible light source, an infrared light source, and a ultraviolet light source, and the non - uniform distribution of light is achieved through the optical distributor; An image acquisition module is provided on the front side of the angle adjustment mechanism. The image acquisition module includes a camera, and a beam shaper is provided on the front side of the camera; A data processing module, the data processing module is electrically connected to the image acquisition module through a wire, and a beam splitter and a narrow - band filter are built - in, which are used to separate and process optical signals of different bands; A display module, the display module is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the main box body and is used to display the measurement results in real time.

[0005] Preferably, a lifting sleeve is fixed on the front side of the base. A lifting core that can move up and down is slidably connected inside the lifting sleeve. The top end of the lifting core is fixedly connected to the chin support plate; lifting screws for fixing the lifting core are respectively threadedly connected to the left and right sides of the upper part of the lifting sleeve.

[0006] Preferably, an angle motor is fixedly connected inside the main box body. The rotating shaft of the angle motor is coaxially fixedly connected with an angle worm. The angle worm is rotatably connected to the main box body through a bearing; the angle worm is meshed with an angle worm gear shaft, and the angle worm gear shaft is rotatably connected to the main box body through a bearing; The angle worm gear shaft is fixedly connected with an angle crank. The end of the angle crank is hinged with an angle connecting rod, and the end of the angle connecting rod is hinged with the angle adjustment mechanism; the angle crank, the angle connecting rod, and the angle adjustment mechanism form a crank - rocker mechanism.

[0007] Preferably, the beam shaper includes: an aspherical lens, the aspherical lens is of a double - convex structure, the central thickness is greater than the edge thickness, the optical axis of the aspherical lens is arranged parallel to the optical axis of the camera, which is used to reduce spherical aberration and improve the light focusing accuracy; a lens bracket, the lens bracket is of a ring - shaped structure, its inner diameter matches the outer diameter of the aspherical lens, and the aspherical lens is fixed inside the lens bracket through snap - connection; a light - shielding cover, the light - shielding cover is fixedly installed on the outside of the lens bracket and extends along the outer edge of the aspherical lens, and its inner surface is coated with a matte coating, which is used to reduce the interference of ambient stray light on light transmission; The bottom of the camera is fixedly connected with an adjusting rail plate, and the adjusting rail plate is fixedly connected with the main box body; an adjusting sleeve that can move back and forth is slidably connected to the adjusting rail plate, the adjusting sleeve is fixedly connected with the lens bracket, and an adjusting screw for fixing the adjusting sleeve and the adjusting rail plate is internally threaded on the outside of the adjusting sleeve.

[0008] Preferably, the beam splitter includes a beam splitting prism, the beam splitting prism is a quadrangular prism-shaped vitreous body, and a multilayer dielectric film is coated on the light incident surface, and the dielectric film is used to separate the incident light into multiple beams according to different wavelengths; the beam splitting prism is fixedly connected with an angle adjusting mechanism; The narrowband filter includes a filter sheet, the filter sheet is made of optical glass, and a narrowband dielectric film is coated on its surface for screening optical signals with a wavelength range of 400 nm to 700 nm; the bottom of the filter sheet is fixedly connected with a filter bracket, the bottom end of the filter bracket is fixedly connected with a fine-tuning worm wheel shaft, the fine-tuning worm wheel shaft is rotatably connected with the angle adjusting mechanism through a bearing, the angle adjusting mechanism is meshed with a fine-tuning worm shaft, the fine-tuning worm shaft is rotatably connected with the angle adjusting mechanism through a bearing, and the fine-tuning worm shaft is coaxially fixedly connected with a fine-tuning wheel.

[0009] Preferably, the grooved wheel shaft is rotatably connected with the angle adjusting mechanism through a bearing, and the grooved wheel shaft is matched with a dial shaft, and the dial shaft is rotatably connected with the angle adjusting mechanism through a bearing; the dial shaft and the grooved wheel shaft cooperate to form a grooved wheel mechanism, and a structure in which the grooved wheel shaft rotates 60° when the dial shaft rotates one week is formed; There are six filter sheets in total, which are fan-shaped and evenly distributed around the outer circumference of the grooved wheel shaft; The dial shaft is coaxially fixedly connected with a large gear, and the large gear is meshed with a small gear; the angle adjusting mechanism is fixedly connected with a strength adjusting motor, and the rotating shaft of the strength adjusting motor is coaxially fixedly connected with the small gear.

[0010] Preferably, the structure of the optical distributor includes: A multilayer optical lens group, the optical lens group includes a plurality of convex lenses and concave lenses with different curvatures, arranged in sequence according to the light propagation path, and the optical axes of each lens are offset from each other, for changing the incident angle and direction of light; A beam separation prism, the beam separation prism is a polyhedral pyramid-shaped structure, and different dielectric film layers are coated on each prism surface thereof, for reflecting and refracting light with different wavelengths to achieve spectral separation of the light beam; A light guiding cover, the guiding cover is an asymmetric conical structure, installed outside the optical lens group, and its inner wall is coated with a matte light absorbing material for shielding stray light and concentrating light output; A multi-layer optical lens group, a beam splitting prism, and a multi-light source module are all fixedly connected to an adjustment frame at the bottom; the angle adjustment mechanism is fixedly connected to a limit frame, the adjustment frames are all slidably connected to the upper side of the limit frame, and a limit screw for fixing the limit frame and the adjustment frame is respectively threadedly connected to the side ends of the adjustment frames.

[0011] The structure of the present invention is novel, ingeniously conceived, and simple and convenient to operate. Compared with the prior art, it has the following advantages: 1. The present device adopts a multi-light source module, including a visible light source, an infrared light source, and an ultraviolet light source, which can flexibly switch the light source type according to different measurement requirements and ambient light conditions, improving the adaptability of the device in different scenarios. And through the optical distributor, the non-uniform distribution of light is realized, thereby improving the accuracy and reliability of pupil diameter measurement.

[0012] 2. The angle adjustment mechanism of the present device adopts the structure of a crank-rocker mechanism, including an angle worm, an angle worm gear shaft, and an angle crank. Through the linkage of the fine-tuning angle crank and the connecting rod, precise angle adjustment can be achieved, ensuring stable measurement of the image acquisition module at different angles, and greatly improving the flexibility and stability of the device.

[0013] 3. The intensity adjustment mechanism of the present device adopts a grooved wheel shaft and multiple groups of filter plates. Through the circumferential distribution of the grooved wheel shaft that can be rotated left and right and different densities of the filter plates, the intensity of light can be precisely adjusted to meet the requirements of light source intensity adjustment under different environments and needs, avoiding the problems of insufficient light intensity or overexposure in traditional devices.

[0014] 4. The present device reduces spherical aberration through the aspherical lens and the lens bracket in the beam shaper, and the optical axis is arranged parallel to the optical axis of the camera, improving the focusing accuracy of light, ensuring the clarity and high contrast of the image, and ensuring the accuracy of pupil measurement.

[0015] 5. The present device is designed with an adjustable lifting sleeve and a lift core that can move up and down, which can adjust the position of the chin support plate according to the head height of different patients, providing better adaptability and comfort. At the same time, through the cooperation of the angle motor and the worm and worm gear transmission mechanism, the simplicity and accuracy of equipment operation are ensured, and the comfort experience of patients is improved. Description of the Drawings

[0016] Figure 1 It is the first axonometric view of the automatic pupil diameter measurement and reflection detection device of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 2 It is the second axonometric view of the automatic pupil diameter measurement and reflection detection device of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 3Isometric view of the angle adjustment mechanism and its connecting components of the automatic pupil diameter measurement and reflection detection device of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 4 Isometric view of the angle adjustment mechanism and its connecting components of the automatic pupil diameter measurement and reflection detection device of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 5 Isometric view of the angle adjustment mechanism of the automatic pupil diameter measurement and reflection detection device of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 6 Isometric view of the beam shaper and its connecting components of the automatic pupil diameter measurement and reflection detection device of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 7 Isometric view of the intensity adjustment mechanism of the automatic pupil diameter measurement and reflection detection device of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 8 Isometric view of the optical distributor of the automatic pupil diameter measurement and reflection detection device of the present invention.

[0024] In the drawings: 1 - base, 2 - support frame, 3 - main box body, 4 - maintenance opening, 5 - viewing window, 6 - lifting sleeve, 7 - lifting core, 8 - chin support plate, 9 - lifting screw, 10 - angle adjustment mechanism, 11 - angle connecting rod, 12 - angle crank, 13 - angle worm gear shaft, 14 - angle worm, 15 - angle motor, 16 - intensity adjustment mechanism, 17 - camera, 18 - beam shaper, 19 - beam splitter, 20 - narrowband filter, 21 - optical distributor, 22 - multi - light source module, 23 - fine - tuning worm gear shaft, 24 - fine - tuning worm shaft, 25 - fine - tuning wheel, 26 - adjusting rail plate, 27 - adjusting sleeve, 28 - adjusting screw, 29 - grooved wheel shaft, 30 - dial shaft, 31 - filter, 32 - large gear, 33 - small gear, 34 - intensity adjustment motor, 35 - multi - layer optical lens group, 36 - beam separation prism, 37 - light guiding cover, 38 - adjusting frame, 39 - limit screw, 40 - limit frame. Detailed implementation mode

[0025] The following are specific embodiments of the present invention, and the technical solutions of the present invention are further described in conjunction with the drawings, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.

[0026] As Figure 1-8As shown in the figure, the present invention provides an automatic pupil diameter measurement and reflection detection device, which includes a base 1, a support frame 2, a main box body 3, a viewing window 5, a maintenance port 4, an angle adjustment mechanism 10, an intensity adjustment mechanism 16, an optical distributor 21, a multi-light source module 22, an image acquisition module, a camera 17, a beam shaper 18, a data processing module and a display module.

[0027] A chin support plate 8 with an adjustable vertical position is provided on the front side of the base 1. The patient can place the chin on the chin support plate 8, and the vertical height of the chin support plate 8 can be adjusted by lifting and lowering to meet the height requirements of different patients. A support frame 2 is provided on the rear side of the base 1, and the top of the support frame 2 is provided with a main box body 3. A viewing window 5 is provided on the front side of the main box body 3, which is convenient for doctors or technicians to observe the detection process. Maintenance ports 4 are provided on the left and right sides of the main box body 3 for maintaining and cleaning the internal components.

[0028] An angle adjustment mechanism 10 with an adjustable front-back tilt angle is provided inside the main box body 3. The angle adjustment mechanism 10 is used to adjust the position of the image acquisition module so that it can be flexibly adjusted according to the different angles of the patient. An intensity adjustment mechanism 16 is provided in the middle of the angle adjustment mechanism 10. The intensity adjustment mechanism 16 includes a grooved wheel shaft 29 that can rotate left and right. A plurality of groups of circumferentially distributed filters 30 with different densities are provided at the front end of the grooved wheel shaft 29. These filters can adjust the intensity of the incident light to ensure that the light is optimized under different ambient light conditions and avoid image distortion caused by overexposure or insufficient light.

[0029] An optical distributor 21 and a multi-light source module 22 are provided at the rear side of the angle adjustment mechanism 10. The multi-light source module 22 includes a visible light source, an infrared light source and a ultraviolet light source. Different light sources can be selectively used according to specific measurement requirements, and the non-uniform distribution of light is achieved through the optical distributor 21 to ensure that when the light irradiates the pupil area, it can be evenly and accurately distributed, avoiding measurement errors caused by uneven traditional light distribution.

[0030] An image acquisition module is provided at the front side of the angle adjustment mechanism 10. The module includes a camera 17, and a beam shaper 18 is provided in front of the camera 17. The function of the beam shaper 18 is to focus the light entering the camera to ensure that the light is focused on the photosensitive area of the camera sensor, thereby obtaining a clear pupil image.

[0031] The data processing module is electrically connected to the image acquisition module through a wire, and a beam splitter 19 and a narrowband filter 20 are built in, which are used to separate and process optical signals of different bands. The beam splitter 19 is used to separate optical signals of different wavelengths so that the image processing module can perform precise analysis and measurement according to optical signals of different bands. The narrowband filter 20 screens the optical signals to ensure that only optical signals of specific bands enter the image processing module, improving the measurement accuracy.

[0032] The display module is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the main box body 3 and is used to display the measurement results in real time. Doctors or technicians can view the measurement data of the pupil diameter and relevant reflection detection information through the display module, so as to make accurate judgments.

[0033] A lifting sleeve 6 is fixedly installed on the front side of the base 1. A vertically movable lifting core 7 is slidably connected inside the lifting sleeve 6. The top end of the lifting core 7 is fixedly connected to the chin support plate 8, and the patient can place the chin on the chin support plate 8. The lifting core 7 moves up and down through the sliding mechanism of the lifting sleeve 6, so as to adjust the height of the chin support plate 8 and ensure that the patient can comfortably fix the position of the chin during pupil measurement. The structural design of the lifting sleeve 6 enables the lifting core 7 to slide smoothly up and down and avoids errors caused by an unstable support structure. In order to ensure that the lifting core 7 remains stable and does not displace during the lifting process, lifting screws 9 for fixing the lifting core 7 are respectively threadedly connected to the left and right sides of the upper part of the lifting sleeve 6. The function of the lifting screw 9 is to accurately fix the height of the lifting core 7 and prevent the lifting core 7 from accidentally moving up and down due to external interference during use, thus ensuring the relative position stability between the device and the patient during the measurement process. This design not only improves the operation accuracy of the device, but also greatly enhances the comfort of the patient and the reliability of the measurement process.

[0034] There is an angle motor 15 fixedly connected inside the main box body 3. The rotating shaft of the angle motor 15 is coaxially and fixedly connected with an angle worm 14. The angle worm 14 and the main box body 3 are rotationally connected through bearings to ensure the smoothness of the angle worm 14 during rotation. The angle worm 14 is connected to the angle worm gear shaft 13 through meshing. The angle worm gear shaft 13 is rotationally connected to the main box body 3 through bearings, further improving the stability and precision of the transmission system. The angle worm gear shaft 13 is fixedly connected with an angle crank 12. The end of the angle crank 12 is hinged with an angle connecting rod 11, and the end of the angle connecting rod 11 is hinged with the angle adjustment mechanism 10. The angle crank 12, the angle connecting rod 11 and the angle adjustment mechanism 10 together form a crank-rocker mechanism. The design of this crank-rocker mechanism ensures that the angle adjustment mechanism can achieve flexible and precise angle adjustment. Especially when the image acquisition module needs to be adjusted according to the different head angles of the patient, the worm system can be driven by the angle motor 15 for precise rotation adjustment. The working principle of the crank-rocker mechanism is that through the rotation of the angle worm gear shaft 13, the swing of the angle crank 12 is driven, so that the power is transmitted through the angle connecting rod 11, and finally the movement of the angle adjustment mechanism 10 is realized, enabling the image acquisition module to be adjusted within different angle ranges, ensuring that the device can still remain stable and accurately obtain pupil images at different detection angles. While ensuring the operation accuracy, this structure can effectively improve the reliability and flexibility of the device, reduce the error of manual adjustment, and optimize the automation level of the device.

[0035] The beam shaper 18 consists of three parts: an aspherical lens, a lens holder, and a light shield. First of all, the aspherical lens adopts a double-convex structure, and its central thickness is greater than the edge thickness. This design effectively reduces the spherical aberration problem in the optical system. Spherical aberration refers to the problem that due to the different optical curvatures of the lens, the light is not evenly focused, which is more obvious especially in traditional spherical lenses. By using a double-convex aspherical lens, the light can be more precisely focused after passing through the lens, improving the focusing accuracy of the light, so as to ensure that the camera 17 receives a clear image. The optical axis of the aspherical lens is arranged parallel to the optical axis of the camera. This design ensures that the incident light can be correctly focused on the photosensitive area of the camera sensor after passing through the aspherical lens, further improving the imaging quality.

[0036] Secondly, the lens holder adopts an annular structure, and its inner diameter matches the outer diameter of the aspherical lens. The aspherical lens is fixed inside the lens holder through snap connection. This structure ensures that the aspherical lens can be firmly fixed inside the holder without loosening or displacement, thus maintaining the stability of the entire optical system. The annular design of the lens holder not only enhances the fixing effect of the aspherical lens, but also simplifies the assembly process and improves the production efficiency.

[0037] In addition, the light shield is fixedly installed on the outer side of the lens holder and extends along the outer edge of the aspherical lens. The inner surface of the light shield is coated with a matte coating to reduce the interference of ambient stray light on light transmission. During actual use, there are often some unnecessary lights in the environment (such as sunlight from outside the window or strong light indoors), which will affect light transmission and image acquisition, and may even cause image reflection or uneven brightness. By using the light shield coated with a matte coating, these stray lights can be effectively shielded, ensuring that the light entering the camera is purer and improving the accuracy and stability of the measurement results.

[0038] The bottom of the camera 17 is fixedly connected with an adjustment rail plate 26, and the adjustment rail plate 26 is fixedly connected with the main box body 3. The adjustment rail plate 26 is designed with a sliding connection function, allowing it to move back and forth within the main box body 3. A movable adjustment sleeve 27 is slidably connected to the adjustment rail plate 26, and the adjustment sleeve 27 is fixedly connected with the lens holder to ensure the stability of the lens during adjustment and avoid the influence of position deviation caused by movement on the image quality. An adjustment screw 28 for fixing the adjustment sleeve 27 and the adjustment rail plate 26 is threadedly connected inwardly on the outer side of the adjustment sleeve 27. The function of the adjustment screw 28 is to firmly fix the adjustment sleeve 27 and the adjustment rail plate 26 together to ensure the stable position of the lens after adjustment.

[0039] Through the above design, the beam shaper of the present invention can not only effectively improve the focusing accuracy of light and reduce spherical aberration, but also optimize the light transmission quality through the reasonable cooperation of the light shield and the lens holder, ensuring clear and accurate imaging, and providing a solid optical foundation for the measurement of pupil diameter. At the same time, the design of the adjustment mechanism makes the device more flexible during use and can adjust the position according to the specific situation of the patient to ensure the best image quality for each measurement.

[0040] The beam splitter 19 includes a beam splitting prism, which is a quadrangular prism-shaped vitreous body with good optical performance. Its light incident surface is coated with multiple layers of dielectric films. The function of these dielectric films is to separate the incident light into multiple beams of different wavelengths according to the refraction characteristics of light of different wavelengths. Through this separation, the beam splitting prism can effectively separate the optical signals of different wavelengths, so that each wavelength of light can be independently processed in the subsequent signal processing process, improving the measurement accuracy and flexibility of the device. These optical signals of different wavelengths pass through different paths respectively, thus ensuring the optimization and accuracy of image acquisition and signal processing. In the present invention, the beam splitting prism is fixedly connected with the angle adjustment mechanism 10, so that the position of the beam splitter can be accurately adjusted with the movement of the angle adjustment mechanism 10, thereby realizing the dynamic adjustment of the beam direction and distribution, and further optimizing the light distribution and imaging effect.

[0041] The narrowband filter 20 is used to screen optical signals within a specific wavelength range. The filter includes a filter film made of optical glass, with a narrowband dielectric film coated on its surface, which can effectively isolate optical signals of other wavelengths and only allow optical signals within the wavelength range of 400 nm to 700 nm to pass through. In this way, the filter can precisely control the wavelength range of the optical signal, remove unnecessary optical noise, and ensure the quality and accuracy of the light source during image acquisition. The bottom of the filter film is fixedly connected to a filter support, and the bottom end of the filter support is fixedly connected to the fine-tuning worm wheel shaft 23. The fine-tuning worm wheel shaft 23 is rotatably connected to the angle adjustment mechanism 10 through a bearing. The angle adjustment mechanism 10 is meshed with and connected to the fine-tuning worm shaft 24, and the fine-tuning worm shaft 24 is also rotatably connected to the angle adjustment mechanism 10 through a bearing. The fine-tuning worm shaft 24 is coaxially fixedly connected to a fine-tuning wheel 25, and the design of the fine-tuning wheel 25 enables fine adjustment of the switching of the filter film through precise rotation. Through this precision adjustment mechanism, the position of the filter film and the selection of the light source wavelength can be precisely adjusted according to actual needs, ensuring precise control of the optical signal and thus improving the accuracy of measurement.

[0042] The design of combining the beam splitter and the narrowband filter adopted in the present invention can not only achieve efficient separation and precise screening of optical signals, but also provide flexible adjustment of the light source through a fine adjustment mechanism, enabling the device to work stably and precisely in different measurement environments, meeting the requirements for processing optical signals of different wavelengths, and further improving the performance of the automatic pupil diameter measurement and reflection detection device.

[0043] The Geneva wheel shaft 29 is rotatably connected to the angle adjustment mechanism 10 through a bearing, ensuring that the Geneva wheel shaft can rotate smoothly and maintain a stable operating state during adjustment. The Geneva wheel shaft 29 cooperates with the dial shaft 31, and the dial shaft 31 is rotatably connected to the angle adjustment mechanism 10 through a bearing. The Geneva wheel shaft 29 and the dial shaft 31 cooperate together to form a Geneva wheel mechanism. This structure can drive the rotation of the Geneva wheel shaft 29 through the rotation of the dial shaft 31. Specifically, when the dial shaft 31 rotates one full circle, the Geneva wheel shaft 29 will rotate 60°. This precise rotation ratio enables fine and precise adjustment of the optical system. The rotation of the Geneva wheel shaft 29 is combined with the adjustment of the filter film 30 in the optical system, enabling precise control of the intensity and direction of the light source as required.

[0044] There are a total of six filter plates 30, which are fan-shaped and evenly distributed around the outer circumference of the Geneva wheel shaft 29. The distribution method and shape design of each filter plate are such that when the Geneva wheel shaft 29 rotates, different filter plates can be switched according to the set stepping angle, realizing fine adjustment of the light intensity and wavelength range. Due to the fan-shaped design of the filter plates 30, they can achieve a smooth transition in the light beam path, avoiding sudden changes in light when switching, and ensuring the smoothness and consistency of light intensity adjustment. This design is particularly suitable for application scenarios that require high-precision adjustment, such as pupil diameter measurement and reflection detection, and can ensure the stability and accuracy of light during the measurement process.

[0045] The dial shaft 31 is coaxially and fixedly connected with a large gear 32, and the large gear 32 is meshed and connected with a small gear 33. Through this gear matching mechanism, the rotation of the dial shaft 31 can effectively transmit power to the small gear 33, thereby driving the rotation of the intensity adjustment motor 34. The rotating shaft of the intensity adjustment motor 34 is coaxially and fixedly connected with the small gear 33, realizing precise control of the filter plate 30 by the electric drive system. This electric adjustment system can achieve dynamic adjustment of the light source intensity by finely adjusting the rotation of the motor, enabling the device to adapt to different measurement requirements and ambient light conditions, avoiding the errors and complexities of traditional mechanical adjustment methods, and improving the automation level of the device.

[0046] In the present invention, the Geneva wheel mechanism, the precise distribution of the filter plates, and the cooperation of the intensity adjustment motor give full play to the advantages of mechanical and electric drives, making the adjustment of the light source intensity more flexible and precise. At the same time, it also greatly improves the stability and reliability of the device, ensuring that the automatic pupil diameter measurement and reflection detection device can work stably under various environmental conditions.

[0047] The structure of the optical distributor 21 includes a plurality of precisely designed optical components, including a multi-layer optical lens group 35, a beam splitting prism 36, and a light guiding cover 37. These components cooperate with each other to jointly achieve effective adjustment and optimization of light, thereby providing high-precision optical support for the automatic pupil diameter measurement and reflection detection device.

[0048] First of all, the multi-layer optical lens group 35 includes a plurality of convex lenses and concave lenses with different curvatures. These lenses are arranged in sequence along the light propagation path, and the optical axes of each lens are offset from each other. Through this design, the lens group can effectively change the angle and direction of the incident light, ensuring that the light can be evenly and accurately irradiated onto the detection area. Specifically, the focusing effect of the convex lens is combined with the diverging effect of the concave lens to effectively optimize the light transmission path, reduce light scattering and unnecessary interference, and make the light during the measurement process more stable and uniform.

[0049] Next, the beam splitting prism 36 is a multi-faceted pyramid structure, and each prism surface is coated with a different dielectric film layer. This design can separate the light beam into light rays of multiple different wavelength bands according to the different refraction and reflection characteristics of light rays of different wavelengths, thereby realizing spectral separation. This separation enables light signals of different wavelengths to be processed separately, improving the accuracy and precision of the signals and avoiding the mixing and interference of signals in different wavelength bands. In this design, the beam splitting prism 36 plays a crucial role, ensuring that light rays of different wavelengths from the light source are fully screened and separated before entering the image acquisition module.

[0050] The light guide hood 37 adopts an asymmetric conical structure and is installed outside the optical lens group 35. The inner wall of the guide hood is coated with a matte light-absorbing material, aiming to shield stray light from the outside and effectively concentrate and output the light. This design ensures the measurement accuracy of the device by reducing ambient light interference. Especially in a complex lighting environment, it can ensure that the light transmission effect is not affected by external light sources, further improving the stability and reliability of the optical system.

[0051] To achieve precise adjustment of the above optical components, a regulating frame 38 is fixedly connected to the bottoms of the optical lens group 35, the beam splitting prism 36, and the multi-light source module 22. The regulating frame 38 is dynamically adjusted through a sliding connection with the limiting frame 40. A limiting screw 39 is threadedly connected to the side end of the regulating frame 38 for fixing the limiting frame 40 and the regulating frame 38 to ensure the stability of the components during adjustment. This design ensures that the regulating frame can move smoothly when needed and accurately position the positions of the optical components, avoiding optical errors caused by inaccurate adjustment.

[0052] The angle adjustment mechanism 10 further ensures that each component of the optical distributor can maintain an accurate relative position during the angle adjustment process by fixedly connecting the limiting frame 40, ensuring the stability and precision of the light rays during the measurement process. These designs work together to enable the optical system of the present invention to adapt to the head positions and lighting conditions of different patients when measuring the pupil diameter, ensuring high-precision measurement results.

[0053] When this device is in use, ① first, ensure that the device is correctly assembled and powered on. Place the device on a stable workbench, ensure that the surrounding environment has appropriate lighting, and the device is not affected by external interference. After turning on the power, the display module of the main box will start, display the startup interface of the device, and confirm that the system is working properly. ② The patient needs to sit at the measurement position and adjust the position of the device so that the patient's chin can be comfortably placed on the chin support plate. Adjust the height of the chin support plate through the lifting sleeve so that the patient's eyes are on the same horizontal line as the camera. The height of the lifting core can be finely adjusted according to the different heights of the patients to ensure that the distance between the patient's eyes and the device is appropriate during measurement. ③ The user adjusts the angle adjustment mechanism in the main box according to the specific needs of the patient. Drive the angle worm and worm gear shaft through the angle motor to adjust the movement of the angle crank and angle link, ensuring that the image acquisition module is in the best position to adapt to patients with different head angles. ④ Adjust the light source type of the multi-light source module and select a suitable light source for measurement. According to different light requirements, visible light sources, infrared light sources or ultraviolet light sources can be selected, and the optical distributor is used to achieve non-uniform light distribution to ensure that the light is evenly irradiated on the pupil area. ⑤ The user can adjust the light intensity as needed. Rotate the intensity adjustment motor and the grooved wheel shaft to adjust the light intensity so that the incident light intensity adapts to the measurement environment and avoid overexposure or insufficient light. The density and position of the filter can also be adjusted through the grooved wheel shaft to achieve fine control of light with different intensities and wavelengths. ⑥ After completing the light source adjustment, the user can start image acquisition. The camera focuses the light entering the pupil area through the beam shaper to ensure that the image acquisition module receives a clear image signal. Monitor the acquisition process of the device through the real-time display module to ensure that the image quality meets the requirements. ⑦ The data processing module analyzes the received image signal, processes the optical signals of different bands through the built-in beam splitter and narrowband filter, and finally calculates the pupil diameter and reflection data. These processing results will be displayed on the display module in real time for the operator to refer to. ⑧ When the measurement is completed, the user can return the angle adjustment mechanism and the light source module to their original positions by adjusting the knob or button, and restore the device to its initial state for the next measurement. ⑨ For maintenance and cleaning operations, the user can clean and repair the inside of the device according to the inspection port to ensure that the device can still maintain the best state during the next use. Regularly check the angle adjustment mechanism, optical system and motor part to ensure that all components are running smoothly without errors.

[0054] The specific embodiments described in this article are only illustrative of the spirit of the present invention. Those skilled in the art of the present invention can make various modifications or supplements to the described specific embodiments or use similar methods to replace them, but will not deviate from the spirit of the present invention or exceed the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. An automatic pupil diameter measurement and reflection detection device, characterized in that: include: A base (1), the front side of the base (1) is provided with a chin support plate (8) whose position can be adjusted up and down; a support frame (2) is provided at the rear side of the base (1), a main box (3) is provided on the top of the support frame (2), a viewing window (5) is provided on the front side of the main box (3), and inspection openings (4) are provided on the left and right sides of the main box (3); An angle adjustment mechanism (10) with adjustable front and rear tilt angles is provided in the main box (3); An intensity adjustment mechanism (16) is arranged in the middle of the angle adjustment mechanism (10), the intensity adjustment mechanism (16) comprises a grooved wheel shaft (29) which can rotate leftward and rightward, and a plurality of groups of circumferentially distributed optical filters (30) with different densities are arranged at the front end of the grooved wheel shaft (29); An optical distributor (21) and a multi-light source module (22) are arranged at the rear side of the angle adjustment mechanism (10); the multi-light source module (22) comprises a visible light source, an infrared light source and an ultraviolet light source, and non-uniform distribution of light is achieved through the optical distributor (21); An image acquisition module is arranged on the front side of the angle adjustment mechanism (10), the image acquisition module comprises a camera (17), and a beam shaper (18) is arranged on the front side of the camera (17); A data processing module, the data processing module is electrically connected to the image acquisition module via a wire and has a built-in beam splitter (19) and a narrowband filter (20) for separating and processing optical signals of different wavelength bands; A display module, the display module is fixedly mounted on the outer surface of the main box (3) and is used to display the measurement results in real time.

2. The automatic pupil diameter measurement and reflection detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A lifting sleeve (6) is fixed to the front side of the base (1), a lifting core (7) that can move up and down is slidably connected inside the lifting sleeve (6), and the top of the lifting core (7) is fixedly connected to the chin support plate (8); and a lifting screw (9) for fixing the lifting core (7) is respectively threadedly connected to the left and right sides of the upper part of the lifting sleeve (6).

3. The automatic pupil diameter measurement and reflection detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: An angle motor (15) is fixedly connected inside the main housing (3); an angle worm (14) is coaxially fixedly connected to the rotation shaft of the angle motor (15); the angle worm (14) and the main housing (3) are rotationally connected via a bearing; the angle worm (14) is meshingly connected to an angle worm gear shaft (13); the angle worm gear shaft (13) is rotationally connected to the main housing (3) via a bearing; The angle worm gear shaft (13) is fixedly connected to an angle crank (12), the end of the angle crank (12) is hinged to an angle connecting rod (11), and the end of the angle connecting rod (11) is hinged to the angle adjustment mechanism (10); the angle crank (12), the angle connecting rod (11) and the angle adjustment mechanism (10) form a crank rocker mechanism.

4. The automatic pupil diameter measurement and reflection detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The beam shaper (18) comprises: an aspheric lens, the aspheric lens being a biconvex structure, the center thickness being greater than the edge thickness, the optical axis of the aspheric lens being arranged in parallel with the optical axis of the camera, for reducing spherical aberration and improving light focusing accuracy; a lens holder, the lens holder being an annular structure, the inner diameter of which matches the outer diameter of the aspheric lens, the aspheric lens being fixed in the lens holder by a snap connection; a light shield, the light shield being fixedly mounted on the outside of the lens holder and extending along the outer edge of the aspheric lens, the inner surface of which is coated with a matte coating, for reducing the interference of ambient stray light on light transmission; An adjusting rail plate (26) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the camera (17), and the adjusting rail plate (26) is fixedly connected to the main box (3); an adjusting sleeve (27) that can move forward and backward is slidably connected to the adjusting rail plate (26), and the adjusting sleeve (27) is fixedly connected to the lens bracket; an adjusting screw (28) for fixing the adjusting sleeve (27) and the adjusting rail plate (26) is connected to the outer side of the adjusting sleeve (27) through an inner thread.

5. The automatic pupil diameter measurement and reflection detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The beam splitter (19) comprises a beam splitter prism, the beam splitter prism is a quadrangular prism glass body, the light incident surface is coated with a multi-layer dielectric film, the dielectric film is used to separate the incident light into multiple light beams according to different wavelengths; the beam splitter prism and the angle adjustment mechanism (10) are fixedly connected; The narrowband filter (20) comprises a filter plate, the filter plate being made of optical glass and having a narrowband dielectric film coated on its surface, and being used for screening optical signals with a wavelength range of 400 nm to 700 nm; a filter bracket being fixedly connected to the bottom of the filter plate, a fine-tuning worm gear shaft (23) being fixedly connected to the bottom end of the filter bracket, the fine-tuning worm gear shaft (23) being rotatably connected to an angle adjustment mechanism (10) via a bearing, the angle adjustment mechanism (10) being meshingly connected to a fine-tuning worm shaft (24), the fine-tuning worm shaft (24) being rotatably connected to the angle adjustment mechanism (10) via a bearing, and the fine-tuning worm shaft (24) being coaxially fixedly connected to a fine-tuning wheel (25).

6. The automatic pupil diameter measurement and reflection detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The grooved wheel shaft (29) is rotatably connected to the angle adjustment mechanism (10) via a bearing, and the grooved wheel shaft (29) is matched with a dial shaft (31), and the dial shaft (31) is rotatably connected to the angle adjustment mechanism (10) via a bearing; the dial shaft (31) and the grooved wheel shaft (29) cooperate to form a grooved wheel mechanism, and the dial shaft (31) rotates one circle to form a structure in which the grooved wheel shaft (29) rotates 60 degrees; There are six filters (30) in total, which are fan-shaped and evenly distributed around the outer circumference of the grooved wheel shaft (29); The dial shaft (31) is coaxially fixedly connected to a large gear (32), and the large gear (32) is meshingly connected to a small gear (33); the angle adjustment mechanism (10) is fixedly connected to a strength adjustment motor (34), and the rotating shaft of the strength adjustment motor (34) and the small gear (33) are coaxially fixedly connected.

7. The automatic pupil diameter measurement and reflection detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The structure of the optical distributor (21) comprises: A multi-layer optical lens group (35), the optical lens group comprising a plurality of convex lenses and concave lenses of different curvatures, arranged in sequence according to a light propagation path, the optical axes of each lens being offset from each other, so as to change the incident angle and direction of the light; A beam splitting prism (36), wherein the beam splitting prism (36) is a multi-faceted pyramidal structure, each prism surface of which is coated with a different dielectric film layer, and is used to reflect and refract light of different wavelengths to achieve spectral separation of the light beam; A light guide cover (37), the guide cover being an asymmetric conical structure, installed outside the optical lens group, and having an inner wall coated with a matte light-absorbing material, for shielding stray light and concentrating light output; The bottom of the multi-layer optical lens group (35), the beam separation prism (36) and the multi-light source module (22) are all fixedly connected to an adjustment frame (38); the angle adjustment mechanism (10) is fixedly connected to a limit frame (40); the adjustment frame (38) is slidably connected to the upper side of the limit frame (40); and the side ends of the adjustment frame (38) are respectively threadedly connected to a limit screw (39) for fixing the limit frame (40) and the adjustment frame (38).

Images