Traditional Chinese medicinal material quality evaluation method and system based on big data analysis

Abstract

The invention discloses a traditional Chinese medicinal material quality evaluation method and system based on big data analysis, and relates to the field of traditional Chinese medicinal material detection, and the main scheme is as follows: obtaining soil parameter data of different medicinal material planting areas, and analyzing to obtain a soil fertility index and a planting suitability index; obtaining effective component contents of the traditional Chinese medicinal materials, and calculating effective component predicted values of the traditional Chinese medicinal materials; calculating a machining process stability index by analyzing the machining process parameters; calculating a mildew evaluation index according to the environmental mildew data and the medicinal material mildew data in the storage environment; a quality evaluation comprehensive index is obtained through comprehensive analysis; comparing the quality evaluation comprehensive index with a quality evaluation comprehensive index threshold value, judging whether the comprehensive quality evaluation of the traditional Chinese medicinal materials is qualified or not, and if the comprehensive quality evaluation is not qualified, judging a link causing a quality problem; the problems that a traditional Chinese medicinal material quality evaluation method in the prior art focuses on a single component and only focuses on the quality of traditional Chinese medicinal materials in a certain specific link are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of traditional Chinese medicine detection, and particularly to a method and system for evaluating the quality of traditional Chinese medicine based on big data analysis. Background Art

[0002] As an important part of traditional Chinese medicine in China, the demand for traditional Chinese medicine in domestic and foreign pharmaceutical markets is increasing continuously. With the continuous improvement of people's attention to health and the gradual deepening of the recognition of natural medicines, the application scope of traditional Chinese medicine is becoming increasingly wide. It not only occupies a core position in the production of traditional Chinese medicine preparations and patent medicines, but also involves multiple fields such as health products and cosmetics. For example, some traditional Chinese medicines with nourishing and health-preserving effects are used to develop various health products, such as ginseng, wolfberry, etc., and their market sales have been increasing year by year; at the same time, extracts of traditional Chinese medicines such as poria cocos and atractylodes macrocephala are added to some skin care products to play their roles in beautifying and skin care. Therefore, accurately evaluating the quality of traditional Chinese medicine can provide raw materials with reliable quality and stable efficacy for these related industries, ensure the quality and efficacy of products, further expand the application market of traditional Chinese medicine, and promote the diversified development of the traditional Chinese medicine industry.

[0003] The quality of traditional Chinese medicine is directly related to its clinical efficacy and medication safety. The chemical components of traditional Chinese medicine are complex and diverse, and its quality is affected by many factors, including planting environment, processing methods, storage conditions, etc. Different soil fertilities in different planting areas will lead to different contents of active ingredients in traditional Chinese medicine, thus affecting the efficacy; unstable process parameters during processing may damage the active ingredients of the medicine or introduce impurities; poor storage environment is likely to cause mildew of the medicine and produce toxic and harmful substances. For example, the contents of active ingredients such as ferulic acid in angelica are quite different in different producing areas. If the quality cannot be accurately evaluated, it is difficult to ensure the consistency of treatment effects in clinical applications. Therefore, in order to ensure the safety and effectiveness of traditional Chinese medicine in medical practice, it is necessary to establish a scientific and reasonable quality evaluation system to comprehensively and accurately evaluate the quality status of traditional Chinese medicine.

[0004] Currently, the existing quality evaluation methods for traditional Chinese medicinal materials mainly focus on the determination of the content of single components. For example, high-performance liquid chromatography is used to determine the content of a specific active ingredient. However, traditional Chinese medicinal materials are a complex chemical composition system, and the qualified content of a single component does not necessarily mean that the overall quality of traditional Chinese medicinal materials meets the requirements. For example, in addition to flavonoid components, ginkgo leaves also contain various active ingredients such as terpene lactones. Only detecting the content of flavonoid components cannot comprehensively reflect the quality of ginkgo leaves. Existing technologies often only focus on the quality of traditional Chinese medicinal materials in a specific link, such as the planting link or the processing link, while ignoring the comprehensive impact of the whole process factors from planting to processing and storage on the quality of traditional Chinese medicinal materials. For example, when evaluating the quality of traditional Chinese medicinal materials, the basic role of soil parameters in the planting area on the quality of medicinal materials is not fully considered, as well as the dynamic impact of processing technology parameters and storage environment factors in the whole quality formation process, making it difficult to accurately identify the source link of quality problems, etc. Summary of the Invention

[0005] (I) Technical problems to be solved Aiming at the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a quality evaluation method for traditional Chinese medicinal materials based on big data analysis, which at least solves the problems that the existing quality evaluation methods for traditional Chinese medicinal materials mainly focus on single components and often only focus on the quality of traditional Chinese medicinal materials in a specific link.

[0006] (II) Technical solutions To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is realized through the following technical solutions: A quality evaluation method for traditional Chinese medicinal materials based on big data analysis, including: Step 1: Obtain the soil parameter data of different medicinal material planting areas, and analyze the soil parameter data of each planting area to obtain the soil fertility index and the planting suitability index; Step 2: According to the planting area, store the harvested traditional Chinese medicinal materials separately, and conduct sampling tests on the traditional Chinese medicinal materials in different planting areas respectively to obtain the content of active ingredients of the traditional Chinese medicinal materials, and calculate the predicted value of the active ingredients of the traditional Chinese medicinal materials; Step 3: Install detection equipment in the processing environment of traditional Chinese medicinal materials to detect the processing technology parameters during the processing process; and calculate the processing technology stability index by analyzing the processing technology parameters; Step 4: Obtain the environmental mildew data of the storage environment of traditional Chinese medicinal materials in different planting areas and the mildew data of the medicinal materials under the storage environment, and calculate the mildew evaluation index according to the storage environment data; Step 5: Through comprehensive analysis of the planting health evaluation index, the active ingredient evaluation index, the processing stability index and the mildew evaluation index, obtain the comprehensive quality evaluation index; Step 6: Set the threshold of the comprehensive quality evaluation index, compare the comprehensive quality evaluation index with the threshold of the comprehensive quality evaluation index, and determine whether the comprehensive quality evaluation of the Chinese medicinal materials is qualified. If the comprehensive quality evaluation is unqualified, independently evaluate the planting health evaluation index, active ingredient evaluation index, processing stability index, and mildew evaluation index to determine the link where quality problems occur; Step 7: Compare and rank the different parameter data of different planting areas, and adjust the production requirements of different links according to the ranking.

[0007] In the preferred scheme of the above-mentioned method for evaluating the quality of Chinese medicinal materials based on big data analysis, obtaining soil parameter data includes: soil air permeability coefficient, soil water holding capacity, soil temperature change rate, organic matter content, soil pH value, heavy metal content, and beneficial trace element content.

[0008] In the preferred scheme of the above-mentioned method for evaluating the quality of Chinese medicinal materials based on big data analysis, conduct a soil permeability experiment on the planting area to obtain the soil air permeability coefficient of the planting area; conduct a water retention capacity test experiment on the planting area to obtain the soil water holding capacity of the planting area; conduct a soil temperature change test experiment on the planting area to obtain the soil temperature change rate of the soil; conduct an organic matter content test experiment on the planting area to obtain the organic matter content of the planting area; conduct a pH value test experiment on the planting area to obtain the soil pH value; conduct a trace element content test experiment on the planting area to obtain the content of various heavy metals and beneficial trace elements in the soil.

[0009] In the preferred scheme of the above-mentioned method for evaluating the quality of Chinese medicinal materials based on big data analysis, analyze the soil organic matter content and beneficial trace element content to obtain the soil fertility index, and the formula is: ; where, represents the soil fertility index of the i-th planting area; represents the organic matter content of the i-th planting area; represents the historical maximum value of the organic matter content in the same type of soil; represents the content of the m-th beneficial trace element in the i-th planting area; represents the historical maximum value of the m-th beneficial trace element in the same type of soil; i represents the serial number of the planting area, n represents the maximum value of the planting area; m represents the serial number of the beneficial trace element, N represents the maximum value of the types of beneficial trace elements; represents the weight coefficient of the organic matter content; represents the weight coefficient of the beneficial trace element content.

[0010] In the above preferred embodiment of the traditional Chinese medicine quality evaluation method based on big data analysis, the planting suitability index is obtained by comprehensively analyzing the soil air permeability coefficient, soil water holding capacity, soil temperature change rate, heavy metal content, and soil pH value. The formula is as follows: ; Wherein, represents the planting suitability index of the i-th planting area; represents the g-th suitability parameter value of the i-th planting area, represents the historical maximum value of the g-th suitability parameter in the same type of soil; represents the pH value of the i-th planting area; represents the standard value of the pH range suitable for the growth of traditional Chinese medicine; represents the content of the h-th heavy metal in the i-th planting area; represents the historical maximum limit value of the content of the h-th heavy metal in the same type of soil; g represents the serial number of the type of suitability parameter value, taking positive values of 1, 2, or 3, corresponding to the soil air permeability coefficient, soil water holding capacity, and soil temperature change rate respectively; h represents the serial number of the type of heavy metal, and H represents the maximum value of the type of heavy metal; represents the weight coefficient of the suitability parameter; represents the weight coefficient of the pH value; represents the weight coefficient of the heavy metal content; represents the microbial functional abundance index, and the calculation formula is β = (target gene abundance / total microbial gene abundance) * 1000; sha represents the microbial diversity index, and the calculation formula is: ; wherein, is the abundance ratio of the p-th target microorganism, and S is the total number of species.

[0011] According to the analysis of the soil fertility index and the planting suitability index, the planting health assessment index is obtained. The formula is as follows: ; Wherein, represents the planting health assessment index of the i-th planting area; represents 's weight coefficient; represents 's weight coefficient.

[0012] In the above preferred embodiment of the traditional Chinese medicine quality evaluation method based on big data analysis, the effective component evaluation index is calculated based on the content value of the effective components of the traditional Chinese medicine. The formula is as follows: ; Wherein, Denote the evaluation index of the active ingredients of the Chinese medicinal materials in the \(i\)-th planting area; Denote the measured content of the \(j\)-th active ingredient of the Chinese medicinal materials in the \(i\)-th planting area; Denote the reference value of the \(j\)-th active ingredient; Denote the component weight of the \(j\)-th active ingredient, and the calculation method is: ; where Denote the abundance of the target gene in the \(q\)-th sample, Denote the mean value of the abundance of the target gene in all samples; Denote the content of the target component in the \(q\)-th sample, Denote the mean value of the content of the target component in all samples.

[0013] In the above preferred scheme of a method for evaluating the quality of Chinese medicinal materials based on big data analysis, detection equipment is installed in the processing environment of Chinese medicinal materials to obtain the frying temperature and frying duration during the processing; calculate the processing stability index of different planting areas according to the frying temperature and frying duration, and the formula is as follows: ; where Denote the processing stability index of the Chinese medicinal materials in the \(i\)-th planting area; Denote the frying temperature of the \(k\)-th frying of the Chinese medicinal materials in the \(i\)-th planting area; Denote the optimal frying temperature; \(k\) denotes the serial number of frying, and \(K\) denotes the total number of fryings; Denote the frying time of the \(k\)-th frying of the Chinese medicinal materials in the \(i\)-th planting area; Denote the optimal frying time; \(e\) denotes the base of the natural logarithm, Denote the moisture influence factor. By setting different moisture gradients and detecting the content of active ingredients after frying, fit the exponential relationship between the moisture content \(x\) and the component retention rate \(y\) , and obtain \(\delta\) through regression analysis; Denote the actual moisture content of the medicinal materials in the \(k\)-th frying.

[0014] In the above preferred scheme of a method for evaluating the quality of Chinese medicinal materials based on big data analysis, the environmental mildew data includes the number of mold spores in the storage space of Chinese medicinal materials; The medicinal material mildew data includes the concentration of aflatoxin and the concentration of nonanal; Through comprehensive analysis of the number of mold spores, the concentration of aflatoxin and the concentration of nonanal, obtain the mildew evaluation index, and the formula is as follows: where Denote the mildew evaluation index of the Chinese medicinal materials in the \(i\)-th planting area; Represents the number of mold spores in Chinese medicinal materials in the i-th planting area; Represents the reference value of the number of mold spores; Represents the concentration of aflatoxin in Chinese medicinal materials in the i-th planting area; Represents the reference value of the aflatoxin concentration; Represents the concentration of nonanal in Chinese medicinal materials in the i-th planting area; Represents the reference value of the nonanal concentration; Represents the weight coefficient of the number of mold spores; Represents the weight coefficient of the aflatoxin concentration; Represents the weight coefficient of the nonanal concentration.

[0015] In the above-mentioned preferred scheme of a method for evaluating the quality of Chinese medicinal materials based on big data analysis, the comprehensive quality evaluation index is obtained by analyzing the planting health evaluation index, the effective ingredient evaluation index, the processing stability index, and the mildew evaluation index: ; Among them, Represents the comprehensive quality evaluation index of Chinese medicinal materials in the i-th planting area; Represents the breakage rate of Chinese medicinal materials in the i-th planting area; Represents the reference value of the breakage rate.

[0016] (III) Beneficial effects The present invention provides a method for evaluating the quality of Chinese medicinal materials based on big data analysis, which has the following beneficial effects: (1) Obtain the soil parameter data of different medicinal material planting areas, analyze to obtain the soil fertility index and the planting suitability index, store Chinese medicinal materials separately according to the planting areas, sample and detect the content of effective ingredients, and calculate the predicted value of effective ingredients. Such a design can accurately control the quality from the source planting link of Chinese medicinal materials. By analyzing the soil conditions, it can be determined which areas have suitable soil fertility for the growth of Chinese medicinal materials, thereby providing a scientific basis for growers to select planting areas, avoiding poor quality of medicinal materials caused by planting in unsuitable soil environments. At the same time, storing Chinese medicinal materials from different planting areas separately and sampling and detecting can clearly compare the differences in the content of effective ingredients of Chinese medicinal materials under different soil conditions, provide data support for further optimizing the planting soil environment in the future, and effectively avoid the quality confusion problems that may be caused by storing Chinese medicinal materials of different qualities together, laying a good foundation for accurately evaluating the quality of Chinese medicinal materials in the future.

[0017] (2) Install detection equipment in the processing environment of Chinese medicinal materials to obtain processing process parameters and calculate the processing process stability index, obtain mildew-related data of the storage environment and calculate the mildew evaluation index. Real-time monitoring of process parameters during processing can ensure the stability of the processing link, avoid the loss of active ingredients or the introduction of harmful substances caused by unstable processing technology. The calculation of the processing process stability index can provide a clear goal for the optimization of the processing technology. By analyzing and adjusting unstable factors, the quality of processed Chinese medicinal materials can be continuously improved. For the storage link, obtaining environmental mildew data and medicinal material mildew data can timely detect the mildew risk during storage, facilitate the adoption of reasonable storage environment control measures, extend the shelf life of Chinese medicinal materials, reduce the quality decline and economic losses of medicinal materials caused by mildew, and effectively guarantee the quality controllability of the entire chain of Chinese medicinal materials from processing to storage.

[0018] (3) Comprehensively analyze the planting health assessment index, active ingredient assessment index, processing stability index and mildew evaluation index to obtain the comprehensive quality assessment index. Set a threshold to compare and judge whether the comprehensive quality assessment is qualified and independently evaluate to find out the quality problem links. Compare and rank the parameter data of different planting areas and adjust the production requirements. These steps form a complete and systematic closed-loop of Chinese medicinal material quality evaluation. The comprehensive quality assessment index comprehensively reflects the quality status of each link of Chinese medicinal materials. The comparison and setting of the threshold can quickly determine whether the overall quality of Chinese medicinal materials is qualified. Once unqualified, it can accurately locate the problems in the planting, processing or storage links, providing a clear direction for targeted quality improvement. Finally, by comparing and ranking the parameter data of different planting areas to adjust the production requirements of each link, the refined management of Chinese medicinal material production is realized, promoting the development of the entire Chinese medicinal material industry towards high quality and standardization, and enhancing the overall competitiveness and safety of Chinese medicinal materials in the market. Description of the Drawings

[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the steps of a method for evaluating the quality of Chinese medicinal materials based on big data analysis according to the present invention. Detailed Embodiment

[0020] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention. Embodiment 1

[0021] Please refer to Figure 1 , the present invention provides a method for evaluating the quality of Chinese medicinal materials based on big data analysis, including: Step 1: Obtain the soil parameter data of different medicinal material planting areas, and analyze the soil parameter data of each planting area to obtain the soil fertility index and the planting suitability index.

[0022] Step 101: The soil parameter data obtained include: soil permeability coefficient, soil water holding capacity, soil temperature change rate, organic matter content, soil pH value, heavy metal content, and beneficial trace element content.

[0023] Step 102: Conduct a soil permeability experiment on the planting area. The normal pressure measurement method, manometer method, or gas displacement method can be selected, etc., to obtain the soil permeability coefficient of the planting area.

[0024] For example, the normal pressure measurement method is as follows: Use an undisturbed soil sampler to take the soil sample to be measured in the field and place it in the soil cylinder. The soil sample should be in close contact with the bottom of the tube with holes. It is best to inject a layer of melted paraffin or apply a layer of vaseline around the soil sample and the cylinder wall to prevent air leakage. Adjust the adjustment bottle so that the water level is equal to the water outlet height of the lower bottle. Open the clip, the water in the bottle flows into the bottle, and at the same time, the water in the bottle starts to drip into the measuring cylinder. When the first drop of water drips into the measuring cylinder, record the time t. During the observation time t, the amount of water dripping into the measuring cylinder is equivalent to the amount of air passing through the soil sample, that is, the soil air permeability Q; the soil air permeability Q is proportional to the soil ventilation area F, air pressure P, and time Δt, and inversely proportional to the soil layer thickness h and air viscosity η, that is, K = Q×η×h / (F×P×Δt), where K is the proportionality coefficient, that is, the soil permeability coefficient. Its physical meaning is that when the viscosity of the gas is 1P (1P = 0.1 Pa·s), under the unit air pressure, in the unit time, the amount of air passing through each unit area and unit soil layer thickness.

[0025] Step 103: Conduct a water retention capacity test experiment on the planting area. The drying method, soil water holding capacity method, soil water characteristic curve method, and time domain reflectometry method can be selected, etc., to obtain the soil water holding capacity of the planting area.

[0026] For example, the drying method is as follows: Put the planting area into an aluminum box with a known weight, and weigh the wet soil weight (M); Place the aluminum box in an oven at 105°C for 6 - 8 hours until it reaches a constant weight, and weigh the dry soil weight (Ms); Calculate the soil water holding capacity according to the formula "soil water holding capacity = (M - Ms) / Ms×100%".

[0027] Step 104: Conduct a soil temperature change test experiment on the planting area. The soil thermometer measurement method, thermocouple measurement method, infrared radiation temperature measurement method, etc. can be used to obtain the soil temperature change rate of the soil.

[0028] For example, the soil thermometer measurement method is as follows: Use a soil thermometer to insert it into the plant planting depth to directly measure the soil temperature. Appropriate measurement time and frequency can be selected to record the soil temperature change situation, so as to quantify the soil temperature change index.

[0029] Step 105: Conduct an experiment on the organic matter content test of the planting area. Methods such as dichromate volumetric method, ignition method, dry combustion method, and TOC analysis method can be used to obtain the organic matter content of the planting area.

[0030] For example, the dichromate volumetric method is as follows: Prepare an air-dried soil sample, weigh an appropriate amount and put it into a test tube; add a certain amount of dichromate-sulfuric acid solution; heat the test tube to make the solution boil in an oil bath and keep it for a certain time; after cooling, titrate the remaining dichromate with a ferrous sulfate standard solution; calculate the organic matter content according to the titration result; the calculation formula is: W = (V0 - V) × C × 0.003 × 1.724 × 1.1 × 100 / m0; where W is the organic matter content (%), V0 is the volume of ferrous sulfate solution consumed in the titration of the blank test (mL), V is the volume of ferrous sulfate solution consumed in the titration of the sample (mL), C is the concentration of the ferrous sulfate standard solution (mol / L), and m0 is the mass of the air-dried test sample (g).

[0031] Step 105: Conduct a pH value test experiment on the planting area to obtain the soil pH value.

[0032] Step 106: Conduct an experiment on the trace element content test of the planting area to obtain the content of various heavy metals and beneficial trace elements in the soil; methods such as atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS), inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), atomic fluorescence spectrometry (AFS), ion chromatography (IC), etc. can be used.

[0033] Step 107: Analyze the soil organic matter content and the content of beneficial trace elements to obtain the soil fertility index; the formula based on is: ; where, represents the soil fertility index of the i-th planting area; represents the organic matter content of the i-th planting area; represents the historical maximum value of the organic matter content in the same type of soil, which is the maximum value of the organic matter content recorded in the past 10 years for the same type of soil in the same region. Historical data can be obtained from the local agricultural bureau or soil census report. represents the content of the m-th beneficial trace element in the i-th planting area; It represents the historical maximum value of the m-th beneficial trace element in the same type of soil, and the historical data can be obtained from the local agricultural bureau or the soil census report; i represents the serial number of the planting area, taking positive integer values, n represents the maximum value of the planting area; m represents the serial number of the beneficial trace element, taking positive integer values. For example, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, sulfur, iron, manganese, zinc, copper, etc. required for the growth of traditional Chinese medicinal materials can be selected according to the types of traditional Chinese medicinal materials, and N represents the maximum value of the types of beneficial trace elements; It represents the weight coefficient of the organic matter content; It represents the weight coefficient of the beneficial trace element content; and , and the specific value can be ; .

[0034] It should be noted that when calculating the soil fertility index, several corresponding parameters need to be preprocessed by normalization to eliminate the dimensions of different parameters, which is convenient for subsequent formula calculation.

[0035] It should be noted that in the process of planting traditional Chinese medicinal materials, how to accurately quantify the soil fertility has always been a difficult problem. Traditional soil fertility assessment methods often rely on simple soil component analysis and are difficult to comprehensively consider the influence of various factors on soil fertility. Moreover, the fertility assessment standards for different regions and different soil types are not unified, resulting in difficulties in effective comparison and judgment. The formula of this solution solves the problem of how to scientifically, accurately and uniformly quantify the soil fertility by introducing two key indicators, namely the organic matter content and the beneficial trace element content, and performing weighted calculation after standardizing them, providing accurate data basis for the selection of traditional Chinese medicinal material planting areas and soil improvement; it can realize the quantitative assessment and comparison of soil fertility in different planting areas. Planters can select high-quality planting areas suitable for the growth of traditional Chinese medicinal materials according to the soil fertility index, improving the yield and quality of traditional Chinese medicinal materials. At the same time, it can also clarify which areas have insufficient soil fertility, so as to carry out targeted soil improvement, such as applying organic fertilizers, supplementing beneficial trace elements, etc., to improve the soil fertility and create good soil conditions for the growth of traditional Chinese medicinal materials, ensuring the quality of traditional Chinese medicinal materials from the source.

[0036] In the formula, the standardization processing of the organic matter content and the beneficial trace element content is based on the historical maximum value of the same type of soil. By comparing the organic matter content and the beneficial trace element content of the current soil with the historical maximum value recorded in the past 10 years, the relative position of the current soil fertility in the historical development can be clearly reflected. This comparative analysis utilizes the long-term accumulated soil data, providing a reference for the dynamic assessment of soil fertility. Through the comparative analysis with the historical maximum value, the dynamic monitoring and assessment of soil fertility can be realized. Planters can clearly understand the gap between the current soil fertility and the past best fertility state, so as to judge whether the soil fertility is on the rise, stable or declining trend.

[0037] By comprehensively analyzing the soil air permeability coefficient, soil water holding capacity, soil temperature change rate, heavy metal content, and soil pH value, the planting suitability index is obtained. The formula is as follows: ; Among them, represents the planting suitability index of the i-th planting area; represents the value of the g-th suitability parameter in the i-th planting area. represents the historical maximum value of the g-th suitability parameter in the same type of soil, and historical data can be obtained from the local agricultural bureau or soil census report; represents the pH value of the i-th planting area; represents the standard value of the pH range suitable for the growth of traditional Chinese medicine materials, which can be adjusted according to the types of traditional Chinese medicine materials, and historical data can be obtained from the local agricultural bureau or soil census report; represents the content of the h-th heavy metal in the i-th planting area; represents the historical maximum limit value of the content of the h-th heavy metal in the same type of soil, and historical data can be obtained from the local agricultural bureau or soil census report; g represents the serial number of the type of suitability parameter value, and the value is positive 1, 2, or 3, corresponding to the soil air permeability coefficient, soil water holding capacity, and soil temperature change rate respectively; h represents the serial number of the type of heavy metal, and the value is a positive integer, and H represents the maximum value of the type of heavy metal; represents the weight coefficient of the suitability parameter; represents the weight coefficient of the pH value; represents the weight coefficient of the heavy metal content; and , and the specific value can be , , ; represents the microbial functional abundance index, and the calculation formula is: ; Among them, the target gene abundance represents the number of genes related to the synthesis of active ingredients of traditional Chinese medicine materials in the metagenomic data, which is obtained by extracting soil microbial DNA and analyzing functional genes through the Illumina sequencing platform. The total microbial gene abundance represents the total amount of all genes in the metagenomic data; for example, in the soil for planting Salvia miltiorrhiza, the proportion of the abundance of terpene synthase genes is 0.12%, then (the reference value is 1.0); sha represents the microbial diversity index, which measures the diversity of the soil microbial community. The higher the value, the richer the microbial species. It can be measured by the 16SrRNA sequencing method and calculated through microbial sequencing data: ; Among them is the proportion of the abundance of the p-th target microorganism, and S is the total number of species.

[0038] It should be noted that when calculating the planting suitability index, several corresponding parameters need to be normalized and preprocessed to eliminate the dimensions of different parameters, facilitating subsequent formula calculations.

[0039] Through suitability parameters such as soil permeability coefficient, soil water holding capacity, and soil temperature change rate, the physical properties of the soil are comprehensively quantified and analyzed using the part of the formula that is added after multiplying by the corresponding weight coefficients. These parameters directly affect the growth of traditional Chinese medicine roots and the absorption of nutrients and water. Good soil air permeability allows the roots to better carry out respiration, promoting root development; an appropriate water holding capacity can ensure water supply and avoid root rot; a stable soil temperature change rate is conducive to maintaining the physiological activity of the roots. Combining these parameters can comprehensively evaluate whether the physical environment of the soil is suitable for the growth of traditional Chinese medicine.

[0040] In the past, when analyzing a single physical property of the soil alone, it was impossible to comprehensively judge whether the soil was truly suitable for planting traditional Chinese medicine. For example, for soils with only good soil air permeability, traditional Chinese medicine may be drought-stricken due to too low water holding capacity; if only the soil temperature change rate is concerned, the problems of air permeability and water holding capacity may be ignored. This solution solves the problem of how to comprehensively evaluate the impact of soil physical properties on the suitability of traditional Chinese medicine planting, avoiding planting failures or quality declines caused by the suitability of a single physical property while other properties are not suitable. It can accurately screen out planting areas where the physical properties are comprehensively suitable for the growth of traditional Chinese medicine, providing a scientific basis for planting site selection. Planters can select areas with good performance in soil air permeability, water retention, and temperature stability for planting based on the results of this comprehensive analysis, thereby improving the growth vitality of traditional Chinese medicine, increasing yields, ensuring the stability of the quality of traditional Chinese medicine, reducing problems such as pests and diseases caused by poor soil physical environment, and reducing planting risks.

[0041] Using the part in the formula, the soil pH value is exponentiated and multiplied by the weight coefficient and incorporated into the calculation of the planting suitability index. Traditional Chinese medicine has specific requirements for the soil pH value. Too high or too low pH value will affect the absorption efficiency of nutrients by traditional Chinese medicine, and thus affect its growth and the accumulation of active ingredients. Through this exponentiation method, the degree of deviation of the pH value from the suitable range is quantified as the degree of impact on the planting suitability; in the formula , a restrictive assessment of the heavy metal content in the soil is carried out and incorporated into the calculation of the planting suitability index in combination with the weight coefficient. Excessive heavy metal content in the soil will cause heavy metal pollution to Chinese medicinal materials, which not only affects the quality and safety of Chinese medicinal materials, but may also pose a hazard to human health through the food chain. The formula quantifies the risk of soil heavy metal pollution by calculating the ratio of the content of each heavy metal to the historical maximum limit value and converting it into a deduction item for planting suitability. In the past, in the planting of Chinese medicinal materials, insufficient attention was paid to soil heavy metal pollution, and there was a lack of effective quantitative assessment methods to judge whether the soil was polluted by heavy metals and the impact of the pollution degree on the planting of Chinese medicinal materials. This has led to the possible planting of Chinese medicinal materials in soil with excessive heavy metals, affecting their quality and safety. This technical point solves the problem of how to quantitatively evaluate the impact of soil heavy metal content on the planting suitability of Chinese medicinal materials, providing a scientific quantitative basis for avoiding heavy metal pollution of Chinese medicinal materials.

[0042] The scheme can effectively screen out planting areas with heavy metal content within the safe range, ensuring the quality and safety of Chinese medicinal materials. Based on the evaluation results, growers can preferentially choose soils with low heavy metal content for planting, reducing the risk of heavy metal pollution of Chinese medicinal materials from the source. For soils with heavy metal content close to or exceeding the limit, soil remediation measures can be taken, such as adding amendments to reduce the activity of heavy metals or carrying out phytoremediation, etc. After reducing the soil heavy metal content, Chinese medicinal materials can be planted, so as to ensure that Chinese medicinal materials meet the relevant quality standards, improve their competitiveness and acceptability in the market, and protect the health of consumers.

[0043] By comprehensively considering the functions of soil microorganisms, growers can more comprehensively understand the soil ecological conditions of the planting area and choose soils with a microbial community structure conducive to the growth of Chinese medicinal materials for planting. During the planting process, corresponding soil microorganism management measures can be taken according to the changes in the microbial function abundance index.

[0044] And further analyze the soil fertility index and the planting suitability index to obtain the planting health assessment index. The formula is as follows: , where represents the planting health assessment index of the i-th planting area; represents weight coefficient; represents weight coefficient; and ; can take values , .

[0045] Step 2: According to the planting area, the harvested Chinese medicinal materials are stored separately, and the Chinese medicinal materials in different planting areas are sampled and tested respectively to obtain the content of active ingredients of the Chinese medicinal materials and calculate the predicted value of the active ingredients of the Chinese medicinal materials.

[0046] Step 201: Select the corresponding extraction method for the active ingredient content according to different types of Chinese medicinal materials, and obtain the active ingredient content value of the Chinese medicinal materials; for example, refer to professional books such as "Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China", "Analysis of Chinese Medicinal Materials", "Quality Control Technology of Chinese Medicinal Materials", "Analysis Methods of Active Ingredients of Chinese Medicinal Materials", etc., and standards and guidelines issued by some industry organizations and research institutions, such as "Technical Guidelines for Research on Quality Standards of Chinese Medicinal Materials" issued by the Chinese Pharmaceutical Association, "Guidelines for Quality Control of Traditional Medicines" issued by the World Health Organization (WHO), etc., to provide reference for the selection of detection methods for the active ingredient content of Chinese medicinal materials, etc.

[0047] For example: The qualitative and quantitative analysis of astragaloside IV and formononetin in Astragalus membranaceus can use thin-layer chromatography (TLC). The principle is to make the mobile phase flow through the thin-layer solid stationary phase. Due to the different adsorption capacities of the stationary phase adsorbent for various components, the components are separated from each other, and then measured; the active ingredients of three Chinese medicinal materials, Magnolia officinalis, Evodia rutaecarpa, and Aucklandia lappa, can be obtained using supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC), etc.

[0048] Step 202: Calculate the active ingredient evaluation index based on the active ingredient content value of the Chinese medicinal materials. The formula is as follows: ; Where, represents the active ingredient evaluation index of the Chinese medicinal materials in the i-th planting area; represents the measured content of the j-th active ingredient of the Chinese medicinal materials in the i-th planting area; represents the reference value of the j-th active ingredient; represents the component weight of the j-th active ingredient. The weight standard of different component contents of Chinese medicinal materials can be determined according to the "Chinese Pharmacopoeia" or industry standards, etc.; for example, the "Chinese Pharmacopoeia" stipulates that the total weight of ginsenoside Rg1 + Re + Rb1 in ginseng is 0.8; represents the microorganism-component correlation coefficient, and the calculation method is: ; Where, represents the target gene abundance in the q-th sample, represents the mean value of the target gene abundance in all samples; represents the target component content in the q-th sample, represents the mean value of the target component content in all samples. For example, the correlation coefficient between the terpene synthesis gene abundance detected in the soil of Salvia miltiorrhiza and the tanshinone content .

[0049] It should be noted that when calculating the active ingredient evaluation index, several corresponding parameters need to be normalized and preprocessed to eliminate the dimensions of different parameters for facilitating subsequent formula calculations.

[0050] In the traditional quality assessment of traditional Chinese medicines, only the contents of a few main active ingredients are often concerned, while the contributions of other ingredients to the overall medicinal effects are ignored. This results in an incomplete assessment result and fails to accurately reflect the true quality of traditional Chinese medicines. In addition, the importance of different active ingredients varies, but it is difficult to reasonably assign weights to them using traditional methods, making the assessment result lack scientificity and accuracy. This solution solves the problem of how to comprehensively consider the contents of multiple active ingredients and their relative importance in the quality assessment of traditional Chinese medicines by introducing the method of weighted summation, providing a new way for a more comprehensive and accurate evaluation of the quality of traditional Chinese medicines.

[0051] In the formula part, the microbial functional abundance index is combined with the active ingredient assessment index. Among them, γ represents the microbe-component correlation coefficient, which is obtained by calculating the correlation coefficient between the target gene abundance and the target component content. Microbes are closely related to the synthesis of active ingredients during the growth of traditional Chinese medicines. The types and quantities of soil microbes can affect the growth environment and metabolic processes of traditional Chinese medicines, and thus affect the contents of active ingredients. In the past, the assessment of the contents of active ingredients in traditional Chinese medicines mainly focused on the growth and chemical synthesis processes of plants themselves, ignoring the influence of external factors such as soil microbes on the synthesis of active ingredients. This neglect makes the assessment of the quality of traditional Chinese medicines incomplete and difficult to understand the formation mechanism of the quality of traditional Chinese medicines from the perspective of the ecosystem. This technical point introduces the microbe-component correlation factor, solves the problem of how to incorporate the relationship between soil microbes and the contents of active ingredients in traditional Chinese medicines into the quality assessment system, and provides a new perspective for in-depth exploration of the influencing factors of the quality of traditional Chinese medicines.

[0052] Step 3: Install detection equipment in the processing environment of traditional Chinese medicines to detect the processing technology parameters during the processing; and calculate the processing stability index by analyzing the processing technology parameters.

[0053] Step 301: Install detection equipment in the processing environment of traditional Chinese medicines, such as temperature detection devices and timing devices, etc. During the processing, obtain the processing temperature and processing duration during the processing; for example, install a non-contact infrared thermometer in a frying machine or an oven to collect the temperature data of each processing process in real time, etc.

[0054] Step 302: Calculate the processing stability index of the processing technology in different planting areas according to the processing temperature and processing duration. The formula is as follows: ; Among them, represents the processing stability index of the traditional Chinese medicines in the i-th planting area; represents the processing temperature of the k-th processing of the traditional Chinese medicines in the i-th planting area; Denote the optimal processing temperature, which is the optimal processing temperature recommended based on the knowledge graph, ensuring the balance between the retention of active ingredients and the degradation of toxic substances. The temperature range for processing Chinese medicinal materials can be extracted from pharmacopoeias (such as the Chinese Pharmacopoeia) and monographs on processing science; k represents the serial number of processing, and K represents the total number of processing times; Denote the processing time for the k-th processing of Chinese medicinal materials in the i-th planting area; Denote the optimal processing time; e represents the base of the natural logarithm, Denote the moisture influence factor, which is the non-linear influence coefficient of moisture content on the retention rate of active ingredients. The larger the value, the more sensitive the moisture is to the destruction of ingredients. By using a near-infrared spectrometer to scan the surface of Chinese medicinal materials online, the moisture content is inversed through the PLS model. Set different moisture gradients (such as 5%, 8%, 10%), and detect the content of active ingredients (such as by HPLC method) after processing. Fit the exponential relationship between moisture content (x) and ingredient retention rate (y) , and obtain δ through regression analysis; Denote the actual moisture content of the Chinese medicinal materials for the k-th processing, which directly affects the thermal stability and processing uniformity of ingredients; it is obtained by using the halogen lamp heating weight loss method during sampling detection.

[0055] It should be noted that when calculating the processing stability index, several corresponding parameters need to be normalized and preprocessed to eliminate the dimensions of different parameters, facilitating subsequent formula calculations.

[0056] Traditional evaluation methods for the processing of Chinese medicinal materials often rely on the experience of operators and lack quantitative evaluation methods for key parameters such as temperature and time during processing. This makes it difficult to ensure the stability of the processing process, and the quality of Chinese medicinal materials in different batches varies. By introducing quantitative calculation methods, the problem of how to quantitatively evaluate the deviation of processing process parameters is solved, providing a scientific basis for the stability control of the processing process. It can accurately evaluate the stability of the processing process, timely detect abnormal fluctuations in processing temperature and time, and thus effectively control the processing quality. Growers and processors can calibrate and adjust processing equipment according to this index, optimize the processing technology, reduce the quality fluctuations of Chinese medicinal materials caused by process instability, improve the consistency of the quality of Chinese medicinal materials in different batches, and enhance the market competitiveness of Chinese medicinal material products.

[0057] In the formula part, through the exponential relationship between the moisture influence factor δ and the actual moisture content , the processing stability index is adjusted. δ represents the non-linear influence coefficient of moisture content on the retention rate of active ingredients. The larger the value, the more sensitive the moisture is to the destruction of ingredients; represents the actual moisture content of the medicinal material processed for the kth time, which directly affects the thermal stability of the ingredients and the processing uniformity. Moisture content is a key factor in the processing of Chinese medicinal materials. Too high a moisture content may cause the active ingredients to hydrolyze or oxidize at high temperatures, reducing the quality of the medicinal materials; while too low a moisture content may make the medicinal materials too fragile during processing, affecting the processing effect. Traditional methods make it difficult to quantify the impact of moisture content on processing quality, resulting in a lack of scientific basis for moisture control during processing. By introducing an exponential adjustment mechanism for the moisture influencing factor, the problem of how to quantitatively evaluate the impact of moisture content on processing stability is solved, providing theoretical support for the precise control of moisture content during processing.

[0058] The processing stability index is obtained by combining the quantitative results of the deviation of processing temperature and time with the exponential adjustment of the moisture influencing factor. The closer the PSI value is to 1, the better the stability of the processing process; conversely, the smaller the PSI value, the greater the fluctuation of the processing process and the higher the quality risk; it can comprehensively and systematically evaluate the stability of the Chinese herbal medicine processing process and provide strong support for the optimization of processing technology and quality control. Processors can comprehensively adjust the processing parameters and moisture control strategies according to the PSI index to ensure the stability and controllability of the processing process.

[0059] Step 4: Obtain environmental mildew data of the storage environment of medicinal materials in different planting areas and mildew data of medicinal materials under the storage environment, and calculate mildew evaluation indicators based on the storage environment data; Step 401: The method for acquiring environmental mold data is as follows: installing an impact air microbial sampler (such as Andersen FA-1) in the storage space, setting the sampling flow rate and sampling time, such as collecting air samples at a flow rate of 28.3 L / min for 10 minutes, fixing the collected spores on an agar plate, and counting the number of spores using an optical microscope (40x objective lens), and calculating the formula: mold spore count = (spore count*sampling flow rate*sampling time) / agar plate area; Step 402: The method for acquiring medicinal material mold data is as follows: after the medicinal material is crushed, it is extracted with 70% methanol, centrifuged to obtain the supernatant, the sample is incubated with aflatoxin B1 antibody, an enzyme-labeled secondary antibody is added for color development, the absorbance is read with an enzyme reader (450nm wavelength), and the aflatoxin concentration is calculated using a standard curve; A metal oxide semiconductor (MOS) sensor (such as Figaro TGS2602) is used to detect volatile gases. The medicinal materials are sealed in a sampling bag, and the electronic nose probe is inserted into the bag. The detection time is set, such as 5 minutes, and then the concentration is calculated by the response value of the nonanal characteristic peak (retention time 3.2 minutes) combined with the gas chromatography (GC) calibration curve, or the nonanal concentration is obtained using a gas chromatography-mass spectrometer.

[0060] Step 403: By comprehensively analyzing the number of mold spores, the concentration of aflatoxin, and the concentration of nonanal, obtain a mildew evaluation index, and the formula is as follows: where, represents the mildew evaluation index of traditional Chinese medicine in the i-th planting area; represents the number of mold spores of traditional Chinese medicine in the i-th planting area; represents the reference value of the number of mold spores; represents the concentration of aflatoxin of traditional Chinese medicine in the i-th planting area; represents the reference value of the aflatoxin concentration; represents the concentration of nonanal of traditional Chinese medicine in the i-th planting area; represents the reference value of the nonanal concentration; represents the weight coefficient of the number of mold spores; represents the weight coefficient of the aflatoxin concentration; represents the weight coefficient of the nonanal concentration; and , and can take values of , , .

[0061] It should be noted that when calculating the mildew evaluation index, several corresponding parameters need to be pre-processed by normalization to eliminate the dimensions of different parameters, which is convenient for subsequent formula calculations.

[0062] Step Five: By comprehensively analyzing the planting health evaluation index, the active ingredient evaluation index, the processing stability index, and the mildew evaluation index, obtain a comprehensive quality evaluation index.

[0063] Step 501: Set the speed of the conveyor belt for transporting traditional Chinese medicine, such as setting the conveyor belt speed ≤ 0.5 m / s; use a high-resolution industrial camera (such as Basler ace 2) with a ring-shaped LED light source to collect image data of traditional Chinese medicine.

[0064] Step 502: Train the AI model with the traditional Chinese medicine and the labeled images of various damage types (such as cracks, insect damage, etc.); after training, input the collected image data of traditional Chinese medicine into the trained AI model, and calculate the damage rate through the obtained number of damaged pixels and the total number of pixels.

[0065] Step 503: Analyze the planting health evaluation index, the active ingredient evaluation index, the processing stability index, the mildew evaluation index, and the damage rate to obtain a comprehensive quality evaluation index: ; where, represents the comprehensive quality evaluation index of traditional Chinese medicine in the i-th planting area; represents the breakage rate of traditional Chinese medicine in the \(i\)-th planting area; represents the benchmark value of the breakage rate.

[0066] It should be noted that when calculating the comprehensive quality evaluation index, several corresponding parameters need to be preprocessed by normalization to eliminate the dimensions of different parameters.

[0067] Traditional methods for evaluating the mildew of traditional Chinese medicine often rely on a single index. For example, only observing the number of mold spores or only detecting the concentration of aflatoxin is prone to misjudgment or missed judgment. For example, just judging that the mildew is serious based on a high number of mold spores, but at this time the concentrations of aflatoxin and nonanal may not be high, and the actual mildew hazard is not large. This solution solves the problem of how to comprehensively consider multiple key mildew indexes, avoid the one-sidedness brought by single-index evaluation, and more accurately reflect the true situation of the mildew of traditional Chinese medicine.

[0068] It can accurately and comprehensively evaluate the mildew degree of traditional Chinese medicine, provide a scientific basis for the regulation of the storage environment; make the mildew evaluation index more scientific and reasonable to reflect the mildew risk of traditional Chinese medicine, and improve the accuracy and credibility of the evaluation results. For example, in actual detection, if the concentration of aflatoxin in a batch of traditional Chinese medicine slightly exceeds the benchmark but the number of mold spores and the concentration of nonanal are both low, the mildew evaluation index after weight allocation may still be within the acceptable range, avoiding excessive treatment of traditional Chinese medicine that has no serious mildew risk due to excessive attention to a single index, realizing the precise control of the mildew risk of traditional Chinese medicine, and ensuring the quality stability of traditional Chinese medicine during storage.

[0069] Step Six: Set the threshold of the comprehensive quality evaluation index, compare the comprehensive quality evaluation index with the threshold of the comprehensive quality evaluation index, and judge whether the comprehensive quality evaluation of traditional Chinese medicine is qualified. If the comprehensive quality evaluation is unqualified, independently evaluate the planting health evaluation index, active ingredient evaluation index, processing stability index and mildew evaluation index respectively to judge the link where the quality problem occurs.

[0070] Step 601: The method for setting the threshold of the comprehensive quality evaluation index is as follows: By analyzing the qualified and unqualified samples in the historical data, find the demarcation point of traditional Chinese medicine in the comprehensive quality evaluation index, and use this as the threshold. For example, if 95% of the comprehensive quality evaluation indexes of qualified samples are concentrated above the lower limit and below the upper limit of a certain interval, and 90% of the comprehensive quality evaluation indexes of unqualified samples are below the lower limit of this interval, then this lower limit value can be used as the threshold of the comprehensive quality evaluation index.

[0071] Step 602: Set the thresholds for the planting health assessment index, the active ingredient assessment index, the processing stability index, and the mildew assessment index respectively; when the comprehensive quality assessment is unqualified, compare the planting health assessment index, the active ingredient assessment index, the processing stability index, and the mildew assessment index with the thresholds for the planting health assessment index, the active ingredient assessment index, the processing stability index, and the mildew assessment index respectively to determine whether there are problems in each link; specifically: When the planting health assessment index < the threshold of the planting health assessment index, there are problems in the planting link; When the active ingredient assessment index < the threshold of the active ingredient assessment index, there are problems with the quality of the medicinal materials; When the processing stability index < the threshold of the processing stability index, there are problems in the processing link; When the mildew assessment index < the threshold of the mildew assessment index, there are problems in the storage link.

[0072] It should be noted that: The thresholds for the planting health assessment index, the active ingredient assessment index, the processing stability index, and the mildew assessment index can be set with reference to the skills of industry standards.

[0073] Step Seven: Compare and rank the different parameter data of different planting areas, and adjust the production requirements of different links according to the ranking.

[0074] The above embodiments can be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware, firmware, or any other combination. When implemented using software, the above embodiments can be implemented in whole or in part in the form of a computer program product. Those of ordinary skill in the art can realize that the units and algorithm steps of the examples described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware or in combination with computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are executed in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution.

[0075] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place, or they may be distributed to multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.

[0076] The above is only the specific implementation manner of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present application, and all should be covered within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for evaluating the quality of Chinese medicinal materials based on big data analysis, characterized in that: include: Step 1: Obtain soil parameter data of different medicinal material planting areas, and analyze the soil parameter data of each planting area to obtain the soil fertility index and planting suitability index; Step 2: Separate and store the harvested Chinese medicinal materials according to the planting areas, and sample and test the Chinese medicinal materials from different planting areas to obtain the content of the effective ingredients of the Chinese medicinal materials and calculate the predicted value of the effective ingredients of the Chinese medicinal materials; Step 3: Install testing equipment in the processing environment of Chinese medicinal materials to detect the processing parameters during the processing; and calculate the processing stability index by analyzing the processing parameters; Step 4: Obtain environmental mildew data of the storage environment of medicinal materials in different planting areas and mildew data of medicinal materials under the storage environment, and calculate mildew evaluation indicators based on the storage environment data; Step 5: Obtain comprehensive quality assessment indicators by comprehensively analyzing the planting health assessment index, active ingredient assessment index, processing stability index and mildew assessment index; Step 6: Set the threshold of comprehensive quality assessment indicators, compare the comprehensive quality assessment indicators with the threshold of comprehensive quality assessment indicators, and judge whether the comprehensive quality assessment of Chinese medicinal materials is qualified. If the comprehensive quality assessment is unqualified, independently evaluate the planting health assessment index, active ingredient assessment index, processing stability index and mildew assessment index to judge the link that leads to quality problems; Step 7: Compare and rank the different parameter data of different planting areas, and adjust the production requirements of different links according to the ranking.

2. A method for evaluating the quality of Chinese medicinal materials based on big data analysis according to claim 1, characterized in that: The soil parameter data obtained include: soil air permeability coefficient, soil water holding capacity, soil temperature change rate, organic matter content, soil pH value, heavy metal content and beneficial trace element content.

3. A method for evaluating the quality of Chinese medicinal materials based on big data analysis according to claim 2, characterized in that: A soil permeability experiment is conducted on the planting area to obtain the soil air permeability coefficient of the planting area; a water retention capacity test experiment is conducted on the planting area to obtain the soil water holding capacity of the planting area; a soil temperature change test experiment is conducted on the planting area to obtain the soil temperature change rate of the soil; an organic matter content test experiment is conducted on the planting area to obtain the organic matter content of the planting area; a pH value test experiment is conducted on the planting area to obtain the soil pH value; a trace element content test experiment is conducted on the planting area to obtain the content of various heavy metals and beneficial trace elements in the soil.

4. A method for evaluating the quality of Chinese medicinal materials based on big data analysis according to claim 3, characterized in that: By analyzing the content of soil organic matter and beneficial trace elements, the soil fertility index is obtained based on the formula: ； in, represents the soil fertility index of the i-th planting area; represents the organic matter content of the ith planting area; It indicates the historical maximum value of organic matter content in the same type of soil; represents the content of the mth beneficial trace element in the ith planting area; It represents the historical maximum value of the mth beneficial trace element in the same type of soil; i represents the serial number of the planting area, n represents the maximum value of the planting area; m represents the serial number of the beneficial trace element, and N represents the maximum value of the type of beneficial trace element; The weight coefficient representing the organic matter content; Indicates the weight coefficient of the content of beneficial trace elements.

5. A method for evaluating the quality of Chinese medicinal materials based on big data analysis according to claim 4, characterized in that: The planting suitability index is obtained by comprehensive analysis of soil air permeability coefficient, soil water holding capacity, soil temperature change rate, heavy metal content and soil pH value. The formula is as follows: ； in, represents the planting suitability index of the ith planting area; represents the g-th suitability parameter value of the i-th planting area, It represents the historical maximum value of the g-th fitness parameter in the same soil type; represents the pH value of the i-th planting area; Indicates the standard value of the pH range suitable for the growth of Chinese medicinal materials; represents the content of the hth heavy metal in the i-th planting area; Indicates the historical maximum limit of the content of the hth heavy metal in the same type of soil; g indicates the serial number of the type of suitability parameter value, which takes the value of 1, 2 or 3, corresponding to soil permeability coefficient, soil water holding capacity and soil temperature change rate respectively; h indicates the serial number of the heavy metal type, and H indicates the maximum value of the heavy metal type; represents the weight coefficient of the fitness parameter; represents the weight coefficient of pH value; Indicates the weight coefficient of heavy metal content; represents the microbial functional abundance index, and the calculation formula is β= (target gene abundance / total microbial gene abundance)*1000; sha represents the microbial diversity index, and the calculation formula is: ;in, is the abundance ratio of the pth target microorganism, and S is the total number of species; According to the soil fertility index and planting suitability index, the planting health assessment index is obtained, and the formula is as follows: ； in, represents the planting health assessment index of the i-th planting area; express The weight coefficient of express The weight coefficient of .

6. A method for evaluating the quality of Chinese medicinal materials based on big data analysis according to claim 5, characterized in that: The effective ingredient evaluation index is calculated based on the effective ingredient content value of Chinese medicinal materials, and the formula is as follows: ； in, represents the effective ingredient evaluation index of Chinese medicinal materials in the i-th planting area; represents the measured content of the jth active ingredient of the Chinese medicinal materials in the i-th planting area; represents the reference value of the jth active ingredient; represents the ingredient weight of the jth effective ingredient; represents the microorganism-component association coefficient, which is calculated as: ;in, represents the abundance of the target gene in the qth sample, Represents the mean abundance of the target gene in all samples; represents the target component content in the qth sample, It represents the mean value of the target component content in all samples.

7. A method for evaluating the quality of Chinese medicinal materials based on big data analysis according to claim 5, characterized in that: In step three: install detection equipment in the processing environment of Chinese medicinal materials to obtain the processing temperature and processing time during the processing; calculate the processing stability index of different planting areas based on the processing temperature and processing time, and the formula is as follows: ； in, represents the processing stability index of Chinese medicinal materials in the i-th planting area; represents the processing temperature of the kth processing of the Chinese medicinal materials in the i-th planting area; represents the optimal processing temperature; k represents the processing sequence number, and K represents the total number of processing times; Indicates the processing time of the kth processing of the Chinese medicinal materials in the i-th planting area; represents the optimal preparation time; e represents the base of the natural logarithm, It represents the moisture influencing factor. By setting different moisture gradients, the content of effective ingredients is detected after processing, and the exponential relationship between moisture content x and ingredient retention rate y is fitted. , δ is obtained through regression analysis; Indicates the actual moisture content of the medicinal material processed for the kth time.

8. A method for evaluating the quality of Chinese medicinal materials based on big data analysis according to claim 7, characterized in that: Environmental mold data include the number of mold spores in the storage space of Chinese medicinal materials; The data on moldy medicinal materials include aflatoxin concentration and nonanal concentration; The mold evaluation index was obtained by comprehensive analysis of mold spore count, aflatoxin concentration and nonanal concentration. The formula is as follows: in, represents the mildew assessment index of medicinal materials in the i-th planting area; represents the number of mold spores of medicinal materials in the i-th planting area; Indicates the baseline value of mold spore count; represents the aflatoxin concentration of medicinal materials in the i-th planting area; Indicates the baseline value of aflatoxin concentration; represents the nonanal concentration of medicinal materials in the i-th planting area; It represents the base value of nonanal concentration; represents the weight coefficient of the number of mold spores; represents the weight coefficient of aflatoxin concentration; Represents the weight coefficient of nonanal concentration.

9. A method for evaluating the quality of Chinese medicinal materials based on big data analysis according to claim 8, characterized in that: The comprehensive quality assessment index is obtained by analyzing the planting health assessment index, active ingredient assessment index, processing stability index and mildew assessment index: ； in, represents the comprehensive index of quality assessment of medicinal materials in the i-th planting area; represents the damage rate of medicinal materials in the i-th planting area; Indicates the reference value of the breakage rate.

10. A Chinese herbal medicine quality evaluation system based on big data analysis, characterized in that: A method for evaluating the quality of Chinese medicinal materials based on big data analysis for implementing any one of claims 1 to 9 above.

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