Low-altitude security control method and system based on block chain

Abstract

The invention discloses a low-altitude security control method based on a block chain, and the method comprises the following steps: collecting flight state data of an aircraft through a data collection layer, generating a Hash value, and storing the Hash value in a Merkle tree structure of the block chain; deploying a management and control rule smart contract through a smart contract layer; when the distance data of the aircrafts on the chain exceeds a threshold value, a control instruction is triggered, an AI model is called to calculate a risk level, and a result is returned to the chain; a plurality of nodes vote to generate a repelling instruction, track deviation is automatically calculated through a management and control rule intelligent contract, and related aircrafts are notified to repel through broadcast; according to the low-altitude security control method based on the block chain, task allocation is optimized through a resource scheduling contract according to the state data of the aircrafts on the chain, historical operation records are traced through a supervisor, and the compliance is verified, and the low-altitude security control method based on the block chain realizes automatic response of data credible storage, multi-party collaborative decision making and intelligent contract driving through the block chain. The problems of data islands, response delay and trust of a traditional system are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of low-altitude aircraft safety, and specifically, to a low-altitude safety control method and system based on blockchain. Background Art

[0002] The air intelligent network refers to an intelligent digital network system constructed by integrating networked, digital, and intelligent technologies in the low-altitude airspace, and is the most important infrastructure for promoting the industrial development of low-altitude areas. Currently, the research on the control of low-altitude intelligent connection devices in aspects such as flight control, identity authentication, data transmission, and risk management mainly focuses on low-altitude aircraft traffic management strategies, situation awareness, intrusion detection, data exchange, authentication, etc.

[0003] However, the existing low-altitude safety control system relies on a single management agency, and multi-party data cannot be shared. Emergency events rely on manual decision-making, resulting in low efficiency; the failure of the centralized server is likely to cause the system to collapse.

[0004] Therefore, it is an urgent problem to be solved by the present invention to provide a low-altitude safety control method and system based on blockchain that realizes trusted data storage, multi-party collaborative decision-making, and intelligent contract-driven automated response through blockchain during use, and solves the problems of data islands, response delays, and trust in traditional systems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Aiming at the above technical problems, the purpose of the present invention is to overcome the problems in the prior art that rely on a single management agency, multi-party data cannot be shared, emergency events rely on manual decision-making, resulting in low efficiency; the failure of the centralized server is likely to cause the system to collapse, thereby providing a low-altitude safety control method and system based on blockchain that realizes trusted data storage, multi-party collaborative decision-making, and intelligent contract-driven automated response through blockchain during use, and solves the problems of data islands, response delays, and trust in traditional systems.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides a low-altitude safety control and system based on blockchain, including: a blockchain network layer, a data acquisition layer, and an intelligent contract layer; wherein,

[0007] The blockchain network layer adopts the PBFT consensus mechanism and is responsible for communication, data transaction, and storage among multiple nodes;

[0008] The data acquisition layer includes: an aircraft communication device, a radar and a camera integrated on the aircraft communication device; it is used to collect low-altitude flight data in real time and encrypt and upload it to the chain;

[0009] The intelligent contract layer is used to deploy control rule intelligent contracts, resource scheduling contracts, and data verification contracts.

[0010] Preferably, the multiple nodes include: an air traffic control agency, an aircraft operator, and a regulatory party.

[0011] Preferably, the data acquisition layer uses Pedersen commitments to encrypt the aircraft identity information and combines zero-knowledge proofs to achieve data privacy protection and verifiability.

[0012] Preferably, the smart contract layer further includes: an auction contract; wherein,

[0013] According to the aircraft mission requirements and resource status, airspace resources are allocated through a decentralized auction mechanism.

[0014] Preferably, the radar is used to monitor the flight spacing between two adjacent aircraft, and the camera is used to capture aircraft images.

[0015] A blockchain-based low-altitude safety control method includes the following steps:

[0016] S1. Collect aircraft flight status data through the data acquisition layer, generate a hash value and store it in the Merkle tree structure of the blockchain, and verify the data authenticity through zero-knowledge proofs to avoid exposing sensitive information, so as to realize the collection of flight data and encrypt it onto the chain;

[0017] S2. Deploy a control rule smart contract through the smart contract layer, and use distributed decision-making to generate control instructions and broadcast the instructions through regional chain consensus;

[0018] S3. When the in-chain aircraft spacing data exceeds the threshold, trigger the control instruction and call the AI model to calculate the risk level, and then send the result back to the chain;

[0019] S4. Generate a deportation instruction by voting of multiple nodes, automatically calculate the track deviation through the control rule smart contract, and automatically execute the track adjustment. At the same time, execute the regional chain consensus broadcast instruction to notify the relevant aircraft of deportation through broadcasting;

[0020] S5. Optimize the task allocation through the resource scheduling contract according to the in-chain aircraft status data, and trace the historical operation records through the regulatory party to verify compliance.

[0021] Preferably, the method for the AI model to calculate the risk level includes the following steps:

[0022] S101. Collect aircraft flight status data and communication echo signals through the data acquisition layer to construct a low-altitude airspace dynamic feature matrix;

[0023] S102. Adopt a federated learning framework to complete local feature extraction at the edge nodes; wherein, the local features include: flight speed, acceleration, and course deviation, and generate a global risk feature vector through encrypted gradient aggregation;

[0024] S103. Through the spatio-temporal feature extraction module of the convolutional neural network and combined with the long short-term memory network to capture the temporal dependence of the flight trajectory;

[0025] S104. Use Pedersen commitment to encrypt the aircraft identity information and combine homomorphic encryption to achieve privacy computing in the feature fusion stage;

[0026] S105. Generate potential collision paths based on Monte Carlo simulation and use a support vector machine classifier to divide the risk levels;

[0027] S106. Output the risk rating and trigger the hierarchical response strategy.

[0028] Preferably, the calculation formula for automatically calculating the track deviation through the smart contract is:

[0029]

[0030] wherein, H is the current flight altitude, unit: meter; C is the aircraft density in the grid, unit: aircraft / km 3 ; α = 0.1; β = 15, which are empirical coefficients.

[0031] Preferably, the hierarchical response strategy includes:

[0032] Level 1: Early warning;

[0033] Level 2: Path adjustment;

[0034] Level 3: Emergency eviction.

[0035] According to the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the low-altitude safety control method and system provided by the present invention when in use are:

[0036] In the process of using the present invention, data can be stored trustworthily, multi-party collaborative decision-making can be realized, and automated response driven by smart contracts are achieved through the blockchain, solving the problems of data islands, response delays and trust in traditional systems.

[0037] Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in detail in the subsequent specific implementation part; and the parts not involved in the present invention are the same as or can be implemented by using the prior art. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0038] The drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention, and constitute a part of the specification, and are used to explain the present invention together with the following specific implementation manners, but do not constitute a limitation to the present invention. In the drawings:

[0039] Figure 1It is a flowchart of a blockchain-based low-altitude safety control method provided in a preferred embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Embodiment

[0040] The following will describe the detailed embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the detailed embodiments described herein are only for explaining and illustrating the present invention, and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0041] As Figure 1 shown, a blockchain-based low-altitude safety control method and system provided by the present invention include: a blockchain network layer, a data acquisition layer, and a smart contract layer; wherein,

[0042] The blockchain network layer adopts the PBFT consensus mechanism and is responsible for communication, data transaction, and storage among multiple nodes;

[0043] The data acquisition layer includes: an aircraft communication device, a radar and a camera integrated on the aircraft communication device; it is used to collect low-altitude flight data in real time and encrypt and upload it to the chain;

[0044] The smart contract layer is used to deploy control rule smart contracts, resource scheduling contracts, and data verification contracts.

[0045] In the above solution, the resource scheduling contract is a smart contract based on blockchain technology, which is used to realize the automatic allocation, coordination, and monitoring of resources in a distributed environment (such as low-altitude airspace management, computing power network), ensuring the efficiency, fairness, and traceability of resource utilization.

[0046] The resource scheduling contract mechanism includes: dynamic priority determination, conflict arbitration, and on-chain evidence storage.

[0047] Dynamic Priority and Automatic Scheduling:

[0048] 1. Emergency Task Preemption: Dynamically adjust the resource allocation order through preset rules (such as medical rescue first), and high-priority tasks can interrupt low-priority tasks from occupying resources.

[0049] 2. Smart Contract Execution: Automatically trigger resource allocation or recovery according to real-time data (such as airspace occupancy rate, computing power load), reducing human intervention delay.

[0050] Conflict Arbitration and Fairness Guarantee:

[0051] 1. Multi-Party Collaborative Decision-Making: When multiple requesters compete for the same resource, on-chain voting or algorithms (such as DRF dominant resource fairness) are used for arbitration to ensure the transparency of the allocation result.

[0052] 2. Resource backfill optimization: Drawing on the computing power scheduling strategy, allowing fragmented resources to be flexibly utilized to improve overall utilization.

[0053] On-chain evidence storage and auditing

[0054] All resource allocation records are uploaded to the chain through the Merkle tree or distributed ledger, supporting tamper-proof traceability and providing a basis for compliance reviews.

[0055] In summary, the present invention uses the blockchain network layer with the PBFT consensus mechanism to achieve trusted storage of flight data and multi-party collaborative decision-making, and uses the smart contract layer to automatically execute collision avoidance, abnormal eviction, and resource scheduling operations to realize the function of timely automatic decision-making, improving work efficiency.

[0056] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the multiple nodes include: air traffic control agencies, aircraft operators, and regulatory parties.

[0057] In the above solution, a consortium blockchain network is constructed through air traffic control agencies, aircraft operators, and regulatory parties to achieve trusted storage of flight data and multi-party collaborative decision-making.

[0058] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the data acquisition layer uses Pedersen commitment to encrypt the aircraft identity information, combined with zero-knowledge proof to achieve data privacy protection and verifiability.

[0059] In the above solution, Pedersen commitment and zero-knowledge proof are combined to ensure data privacy.

[0060] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the smart contract layer further includes: an auction contract; wherein,

[0061] According to the aircraft mission requirements and resource status, airspace resources are allocated through a decentralized auction mechanism.

[0062] In the above solution, the advantages of using the auction contract are:

[0063] 1. Decentralized fault tolerance: Distributed nodes make collaborative decisions to avoid system paralysis caused by single-point failures and ensure the continuous availability of resource allocation services;

[0064] 2. Encryption verification mechanism to prevent tampering: Using multi-party signature and on-chain verification technologies to ensure the authenticity of the identities and bids of auction participants and prevent forged requests or tampered results;

[0065] 3. The entire on-chain auction process is traceable: All resource allocation rules, bid records, and arbitration results are uploaded to the chain in real time through the blockchain, ensuring the openness and transparency of the airspace allocation process and avoiding under-the-table operations;

[0066] 4. Real-time response to task requirements: Automatically match the task priorities of aircraft with the status of airspace resources through smart contracts, dynamically adjust the allocation strategy, and reduce manual scheduling delays.

[0067] Therefore, the auction contract realizes the efficient and fair allocation of airspace resources, and its core advantages include transparency and auditability, resistance to malicious operations, real-time response, and resource optimization.

[0068] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the radar is used to monitor the flight distance between two adjacent aircraft, and the camera is used to capture aircraft images.

[0069] This embodiment also provides a blockchain-based low-altitude safety control method, including the following steps:

[0070] S1. Collect aircraft flight status data through the data acquisition layer, generate a hash value and store it in the Merkle tree structure of the blockchain, and verify the data authenticity through zero-knowledge proof to avoid exposing sensitive information, so as to realize the collection of flight data and encryption and uploading to the chain;

[0071] S2. Deploy a control rule smart contract through the smart contract layer, and use distributed decision-making to generate control instructions and region chain consensus broadcast instructions;

[0072] S3. When the aircraft spacing data on the chain exceeds the threshold, trigger the control instruction, and call the AI model to calculate the risk level, and return the result to the chain;

[0073] S4. Generate a deportation instruction by voting of multiple nodes, automatically calculate the track deviation through the control rule smart contract, and automatically execute the track adjustment. At the same time, execute the region chain consensus broadcast instruction to notify relevant aircraft of deportation through broadcasting;

[0074] S5. Optimize task allocation through the resource scheduling contract based on the aircraft status data on the chain, and verify compliance by the supervisor tracing historical operation records.

[0075] It can be seen from the above solutions that:

[0076] a. Use Pedersen commitment to hide sensitive data, such as aircraft ID, and combine homomorphic encryption to achieve data verification under privacy protection;

[0077] b. Based on the aircraft status and task requirements on the chain, realize decentralized resource allocation through the auction contract (Auction Smart Contract) to improve airspace utilization;

[0078] c. Through the automated control driven by the control rule smart contract, it is automatically executed by the control rule smart contract to reduce manual intervention delays.

[0079] The above blockchain-based low-altitude security control method can be respectively applied to: abnormal aircraft expulsion and collision risk emergency response:

[0080] When this method is applied to abnormal aircraft expulsion, it specifically includes the following steps:

[0081] 1. The camera captures the images of unregistered aircraft. After the contour matching fails, an abnormal mark is generated, and the data hash is uploaded to the chain;

[0082] 2. The preset rules are called through the control rule smart contract, and a multi-node vote is initiated. After more than half of the votes agree, the expulsion instruction is triggered;

[0083] 3. The expulsion instruction is broadcast to the adjacent drone clusters through the blockchain, and their trajectories are adjusted to avoid abnormal targets, and the operation records are stored as evidence.

[0084] When this method is applied to collision risk emergency response, it specifically includes the following steps:

[0085] 1. The radar monitors that the distance between two aircraft is lower than the safety threshold, and triggers the on-chain risk assessment contract;

[0086] 2. Call the off-chain AI model to calculate the collision probability. If it exceeds the limit, an avoidance path is automatically generated and signed and broadcast;

[0087] 3. After receiving the instruction, the aircraft executes the avoidance, and the new trajectory data is updated to the on-chain environmental model in real time.

[0088] Based on the on-chain aircraft status and mission requirements, decentralized resource allocation is achieved through the auction smart contract, improving airspace utilization.

[0089] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the method for the AI model to calculate the risk level includes the following steps:

[0090] S101. Collect the flight status data and communication echo signals of the aircraft through the data acquisition layer to construct a dynamic feature matrix of the low-altitude airspace;

[0091] S102. Adopt the federated learning framework to complete local feature extraction at the edge nodes; among them, the local features include: flight speed, acceleration, and heading deviation, and the global risk feature vector is generated through encrypted gradient aggregation;

[0092] S103. Through the spatio-temporal feature extraction module of the convolutional neural network, and combined with the long short-term memory network to capture the temporal dependence of the flight trajectory;

[0093] S104. Encrypt the aircraft identity information using the Pedersen commitment, and combine homomorphic encryption to achieve privacy computing in the feature fusion stage;

[0094] S105. Generate potential collision paths based on Monte Carlo simulation and use a support vector machine classifier to classify risk levels;

[0095] S106. Output the risk assessment level and trigger a hierarchical response strategy.

[0096] In the above solution, through the combination of federated learning and edge node computing, data privacy protection can be achieved and latency response can be reduced. And through the combination of Monte Carlo simulation and a vector machine (SVM) classifier, the collision probability can be predicted with high accuracy.

[0097] Therefore, the AI model accurately quantifies and dynamically optimizes the risk level through the above method, while meeting the real-time, privacy, and security requirements of low-altitude airspace control.

[0098] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the calculation formula for automatically calculating the track deviation through a smart contract is:

[0099]

[0100] where H is the current flight altitude, unit: meter; C is the aircraft density within the grid, unit: aircraft / km 3 ; α = 0.1; β = 15, which are empirical coefficients.

[0101] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the hierarchical response strategy includes:

[0102] Level 1: Early warning;

[0103] Level 2: Path adjustment;

[0104] Level 3: Emergency eviction.

[0105] In summary, the blockchain-based low-altitude security control method and system provided by the present invention overcome the problems in the prior art, such as relying on a single management agency, inability to share multi-party data, dependence on manual decision-making for emergency events with low efficiency, and the system being prone to paralysis due to the failure of the centralized server.

[0106] The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the specific details in the above embodiments. Within the scope of the technical concept of the present invention, various simple modifications can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention, and these simple modifications all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0107] In addition, it should be noted that, in the above specific embodiments, the various specific technical features described can be combined in any appropriate manner without contradiction. To avoid unnecessary repetition, the present invention will not separately describe various possible combination methods.

[0108] In addition, any combination can be made among various different embodiments of the present invention, as long as it does not violate the idea of the present invention, and the same shall be regarded as the content disclosed by the present invention.

Claims

1. A low-altitude safety control system based on blockchain, characterized in that: include: Blockchain network layer, data collection layer and smart contract layer; among them, The blockchain network layer adopts the PBFT consensus mechanism to be responsible for communication, data transactions and storage among multiple nodes; The data collection layer includes: aircraft communication equipment, radar and camera integrated in the aircraft communication equipment; used to collect low-altitude flight data in real time and encrypt and upload it to the chain; The smart contract layer is used to deploy management and control rule smart contracts, resource scheduling contracts and data verification contracts.

2. According to the blockchain-based low-altitude safety control system of claim 1, it is characterized in that: Multiple nodes include: air traffic control agencies, aircraft operators and regulators.

3. The low-altitude safety control system based on blockchain according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The data collection layer uses Pedersen commitment to encrypt the aircraft identity information and combines it with zero-knowledge proof to achieve data privacy protection and verifiability.

4. The low-altitude safety control system based on blockchain according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The smart contract layer also includes: auction contracts; Airspace resources are allocated through a decentralized auction mechanism based on aircraft mission requirements and resource status.

5. The low-altitude safety control system based on blockchain according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The radar is used to monitor the flight distance between two adjacent aircrafts, and the camera is used to capture images of the aircrafts.

6. The low-altitude safety control method based on blockchain according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. The flight status data of the aircraft is collected through the data collection layer, a hash value is generated and stored in the Merkle tree structure of the blockchain, and the authenticity of the data is verified through zero-knowledge proof to avoid exposing sensitive information, so as to collect flight data and encrypt it on the chain; S2. Deploy the control rule smart contract through the smart contract layer, and use distributed decision-making to generate control instructions and regional chain consensus broadcast instructions; S3. When the distance data between aircraft on the chain exceeds the threshold, the control instruction is triggered, and the AI ​​model is called to calculate the risk level to transmit the result back to the chain; S4. Multiple nodes vote to generate a deportation instruction, automatically calculate the track deviation through the control rule smart contract, and automatically perform the track adjustment. At the same time, the regional chain consensus broadcast instruction is executed to notify the relevant aircraft to deport through broadcast; S5. Based on the on-chain aircraft status data, optimize task allocation through resource scheduling contracts, and verify compliance by tracing historical operation records through regulators.

7. The low-altitude safety control method based on blockchain according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The method for calculating the risk level by the AI ​​model comprises the following steps: S101, collecting aircraft flight status data and communication echo signals through the data collection layer to construct a low-altitude airspace dynamic feature matrix; S102. Using a federated learning framework, complete local feature extraction at the edge node; the local features include: flight speed, acceleration, heading deviation, and generate a global risk feature vector through encrypted gradient aggregation; S103, capturing the temporal dependency of the flight trajectory through a spatiotemporal feature extraction module of a convolutional neural network combined with a long short-term memory network; S104, using Pedersen commitment to encrypt aircraft identity information, combined with homomorphic encryption to achieve privacy computing in the feature fusion stage; S105, generating potential collision paths based on Monte Carlo simulation, and using a support vector machine classifier to classify risk levels; S106. Output risk rating and trigger graded response strategy.

8. The low-altitude safety control method based on blockchain according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The calculation formula for automatically calculating the track deviation through the smart contract is: Where H is the current flight altitude, in meters; C is the density of aircraft in the grid, in aircraft / km 3 ; α=0.1; β=15, which are empirical coefficients.

9. The low-altitude safety control method based on blockchain according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The tiered response strategy includes: Level 1: Early warning; Level 2: Path adjustment; Level 2: Emergency evacuation.

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