Wear-resistant bimetallic knuckle bearing and preparation process thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of bearings, in particular to a wear-resistant bimetallic knuckle bearing and a preparation process. According to the technical scheme, the alloy material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 59.0 to 64.0 parts of iron, 3.2 to 7.2 parts of chrome steel, 2.3 to 5.2 parts of silicon-aluminum steel, 1.2 to 1.8 parts of tungsten boride, 5.2 to 8.1 parts of bismuth telluride, 3.5 to 4.5 parts of copper, 2.0 to 3.5 parts of zinc and 0.8 to 1.6 parts of high polymer. The prepared bearing can prevent corrosion of oxygen, water and other corrosive media to steel, the corrosion resistance of the bearing is improved, meanwhile, the abrasion resistance is improved, abrasion and friction of the bearing are reduced, in addition, the strength and hardness are improved, carbon elements in the chrome steel can improve the strength and hardness of the steel, the load capacity and the deformation resistance of the bearing are improved, and the service life of the bearing is prolonged. The bearing has high anti-fatigue performance, the risks of fracture and fatigue damage are reduced, friction loss and energy consumption of the bearing are reduced, and the efficiency of the bearing is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of bearings, in particular to a wear-resistant bimetallic articulated bearing and a preparation process thereof. Background Art

[0002] A bearing is an important component in contemporary mechanical equipment. Its main function is to support the rotating body of the machine, reduce the friction coefficient during its movement, and ensure its rotational accuracy. Bearings are indispensable for the operation of machinery, which requires the bearings themselves to have good strength and wear resistance. Usually, bearings are prepared from alloy steel.

[0003] Alloy steel is an alloy system based on iron, added with a certain amount of elements such as carbon, molybdenum, and manganese, while controlling the content of the added elements. Alloy steel has high strength, high hardness, and a certain degree of ductility, and is suitable for use as a structural material. Therefore, it is widely used in industry, especially in industries such as automobiles, motorcycles, and firearms.

[0004] For the alloy steel used in traditional bearings, pressure processing is usually adopted to cause plastic deformation of the steel to be processed (billets, ingots, etc.), and then it is divided into cold processing and hot processing according to different processing temperatures of the alloy steel. The main processing methods of alloy steel include: rolling, casting, drawing, extrusion, etc. These methods not only have a large number of processes, but also lack in product performance such as strength and hardness.

[0005] In view of the disadvantages of traditional alloy steel such as low hardness and poor wear resistance, Publication No. 106609321A discloses a method for improving the compressive strength and rolling contact fatigue life of the friction surface of products by changing the heat treatment process of the outer ring of medium-carbon steel bearings. However, simply improving the heat treatment process cannot well solve the problem of poor wear resistance of bearings. Therefore, the present application proposes a wear-resistant bimetallic articulated bearing and a preparation process thereof. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to propose a wear-resistant bimetallic articulated bearing and a preparation process thereof for the problem of poor wear resistance of bearings in the background art.

[0007] On the one hand, the present invention provides a technical solution: a wear-resistant bimetallic articulated bearing, comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 59.0 - 64.0 parts of iron, 3.2 - 7.2 parts of chromium steel, 2.3 - 5.2 parts of silicon-aluminum steel, 1.2 - 1.8 parts of tungsten boride, 5.2 - 8.1 parts of bismuth telluride, 3.5 - 4.5 parts of copper, 2.0 - 3.5 parts of zinc, 0.8 - 1.6 parts of high polymer.

[0008] Optionally, the chromium steel comprises 0.97 parts of iron, 0.1 parts of chromium, 0.05 parts of carbon, 0.04 parts of silicon, 0.06 parts of manganese, 0.04 parts of sulfur, and 0.03 parts of phosphorus.

[0009] Optionally, the silicon-aluminum steel comprises 0.94 parts of iron, 0.1 part of silicon, 0.1 part of aluminum, 0.3 part of carbon, 0.045 part of sulfur, and 0.045 part of phosphorus.

[0010] Optionally, the preparation method of tungsten boride is as follows: First, boron powder and tungsten powder with a B / W molar ratio of 1:3 are placed in a mixing tank, taken out after being fully mixed for 12 h; Then, the uniformly mixed boron powder and tungsten powder are placed in a graphite crucible with the inner wall coated with BN powder, and then the crucible and the powder are put into a high-temperature and high-pressure container together. The pressure is set to 10 GPa, and then it is heated to 1500 °C at a heating rate of 20 °C / min and taken out after heat preservation for 4 h; Finally, the synthesized powder is crushed and screened to obtain tungsten boride powder.

[0011] Optionally, the high polymer is polytetrafluoroethylene.

[0012] Optionally, it includes the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60.0 - 63.0 parts of iron, 4.0 - 7.0 parts of chromium steel, 2.5 - 5.0 parts of silicon-aluminum steel, 1.4 - 1.7 parts of tungsten boride, 5.8 - 7.7 parts of bismuth telluride, 3.8 - 4.2 parts of copper, 2.3 - 3.3 parts of zinc, and 0.9 - 1.5 parts of high polymer.

[0013] On the other hand, the present invention provides a preparation process for a wear-resistant bimetallic journal bearing, comprising the following steps: Step S1, preparation of chromium steel, comprising the following steps: Step S101, weighing 0.97 parts of iron, 0.1 part of chromium, 0.05 part of carbon, 0.04 part of silicon, 0.06 part of manganese, 0.04 part of sulfur, and 0.03 part of phosphorus, and stirring and mixing the raw materials to obtain mixture A; Step S102, putting mixture A into a high-temperature electric furnace for melting, and setting the furnace temperature between 1500 °C and 1600 °C; Step S103, after melting for 20 - 30 min, adding 1.0 part of deoxidizer and 1.0 part of desulfurizer, and continuing to melt for 8 - 15 min; Step S104, after completion of melting, pouring the molten metal into a pre-prepared mold for cooling and solidification. After cooling, taking out the solidified chromium steel blank and performing annealing and normalizing to obtain chromium steel; Step S2, preparation of silicon-aluminum steel, comprising the following steps: Step S201, weighing 0.94 parts of iron, 0.1 part of silicon, 0.1 part of aluminum, 0.3 part of carbon, 0.045 part of sulfur, and 0.045 part of phosphorus, and stirring and mixing the raw materials to obtain mixture B; Step S202: Place mixture B into a high-temperature electric furnace, and set the furnace temperature between 1550°C and 1560°C; Step S203: After melting for 8 - 15 minutes, add 1.0 part of a deoxidizer and 1.0 part of a desulfurizer, and continue melting for 6 - 10 minutes; Step S204: After completing the melting, pour the molten metal into a pre-prepared mold for cooling and solidification. After cooling, take out the solidified silicon-aluminum steel billet and perform annealing and normalizing to obtain silicon-aluminum steel; Step S3: Add iron, chromium steel, silicon-aluminum steel, tungsten boride, bismuth telluride, copper, zinc, and polytetrafluoroethylene into a high-speed crusher for high-speed crushing to make a mixed metal powder; Step S4: Preheat the mixed metal powder in a furnace to 1800 - 2000°C, keep it warm for 6 - 10 minutes, and then raise the temperature to 3000 - 3200°C for melting for 7 - 12 minutes to make a metal liquid; Step S5: Preparation of bearing rough blank: Inject the made wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant metal liquid into a bearing mold, and after cooling, demold to make a bearing rough blank; Step S6: Finish machining of bearing rough blank: Perform various technological processes including cold ring rolling process, heat treatment process, rough grinding process, thermal stability process, finish grinding process, and lapping process on the made bearing rough blank to make a finished bearing.

[0014] Optionally, in step S3, the rotational speed of the high-speed crusher is 3800 - 4200 r / min.

[0015] Optionally, in step S4, add the mixed metal powder to the furnace for preheating to 1900°C, keep it warm for 8 minutes, and then raise the temperature to 3100°C for melting for 10 minutes to make a metal liquid.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial technical effects: The bearing prepared by the present invention uses iron as the main component of the bearing material. Ferrite steel has high strength, hardness, and wear resistance, and can withstand large loads and high-speed rotation. By preparing chromium steel and adding it to the bearing raw materials, the corrosion resistance is improved. The chromium element added in chromium steel can form a dense chromium oxide film, which can prevent oxygen, water, and other corrosive media from eroding the steel, and improve the corrosion resistance of the bearing. At the same time, the wear resistance is increased. The chromium element added in chromium steel can form hard chromium carbide particles, improve the hardness and wear resistance of the steel, and reduce the wear and friction of the bearing. In addition, the strength and hardness are improved. The carbon element in chromium steel can improve the strength and hardness of the steel, and increase the load capacity and anti-deformation ability of the bearing.

[0017] The addition of chromium steel can improve the grain structure and tissue uniformity of steel, enhancing the overall performance and reliability of bearings. Moreover, it can improve the high-temperature resistance of bearings. The alloying elements added to chromium steel can enhance the high-temperature resistance of steel, ensuring the normal operation of bearings in high-temperature environments.

[0018] Furthermore, by adding silicon-aluminum steel, the addition of silicon and aluminum elements can improve the toughness and wear resistance of steel, enhancing the anti-fatigue performance of bearings. The addition of silicon-aluminum steel can increase the toughness and wear resistance of steel, enabling the prepared bearings to have high anti-fatigue performance and reducing the risk of fracture and fatigue damage. The silicon and aluminum elements added to silicon-aluminum steel can form wear-resistant hard compounds, endowing the bearings with excellent anti-wear ability and extending their service life. The addition of silicon-aluminum steel can improve the grain structure and tissue uniformity of steel, enhancing the overall performance and reliability of bearings. Silicon-aluminum steel has a low friction coefficient for bearings, which is beneficial for reducing friction losses and energy consumption of bearings and improving the efficiency of bearings. The alloying elements added to silicon-aluminum steel can enhance the corrosion resistance of steel, protecting the bearings from corrosion and oxidation. Thus, it has a great beneficial effect on the overall performance of bearings. Specific embodiments

[0019] The following specific examples illustrate the implementation manners of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the content disclosed in this specification. The present invention can also be implemented or applied through other different specific implementation manners. Various details in this specification can also be modified or changed based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present invention. It should be noted that, without conflict, the following embodiments and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0020] In the following embodiments, the preparation method of tungsten boride is as follows: First, boron powder and tungsten powder with a B / W molar ratio of 1:3 are placed in a mixing tank, taken out after being fully mixed for 12 h; Then, the uniformly mixed boron powder and tungsten powder are placed in a graphite crucible with BN powder coated on the inner wall, and then the crucible and the powder are put into a high-temperature and high-pressure container together. The pressure is set to 10 GPa, and then it is heated to 1500 °C at a heating rate of 20 °C / min and held for 4 h before being taken out; Finally, the synthesized powder is crushed and then screened to obtain tungsten boride powder. Embodiment

[0021] The wear-resistant bimetallic articulated bearing proposed by the present invention comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 59.0 parts of iron, 3.2 parts of chromium steel, 2.3 parts of silicon-aluminum steel, 1.2 parts of tungsten boride, 5.2 parts of bismuth telluride, 3.5 parts of copper, 2.0 parts of zinc, and 0.8 part of high polymer, and the high polymer is polytetrafluoroethylene.

[0022] Preparation process of wear-resistant bimetallic spherical plain bearing, comprising the following steps: Step S1, preparation of chromium steel, comprising the following steps: Step S101, weigh 0.97 parts of iron, 0.1 part of chromium, 0.05 part of carbon, 0.04 part of silicon, 0.06 part of manganese, 0.04 part of sulfur, 0.03 part of phosphorus, and stir and mix the raw materials to obtain mixture A; Step S102, put mixture A into a high-temperature electric furnace for melting, and set the furnace temperature at 1500 °C; Step S103, after melting for 20 min, add 1.0 part of deoxidizer and 1.0 part of desulfurizer, and continue melting for 8 min; Step S104, after completion of melting, pour the molten metal into a pre-prepared mold for cooling and solidification. After cooling, take out the solidified chromium steel blank and perform annealing and normalizing to obtain chromium steel; Step S2, preparation of silicon-aluminum steel, comprising the following steps: Step S201, weigh 0.94 parts of iron, 0.1 part of silicon, 0.1 part of aluminum, 0.3 part of carbon, 0.045 part of sulfur, 0.045 part of phosphorus, and stir and mix the raw materials to obtain mixture B; Step S202, put mixture B into a high-temperature electric furnace, and set the furnace temperature at 1550 °C; Step S203, after melting for 8 min, add 1.0 part of deoxidizer and 1.0 part of desulfurizer, and continue melting for 6 min; Step S204, after completion of melting, pour the molten metal into a pre-prepared mold for cooling and solidification. After cooling, take out the solidified silicon-aluminum steel blank and perform annealing and normalizing to obtain silicon-aluminum steel; Step S3, add iron, chromium steel, silicon-aluminum steel, tungsten boride, bismuth telluride, copper, zinc, and polytetrafluoroethylene into a high-speed crusher for high-speed crushing. The rotation speed of the high-speed crusher is 3800 r / min to make mixed metal powder; Step S4, preheat the mixed metal powder in a furnace to 1800 °C, keep it warm for 6 min, and then raise the temperature to 3000 °C for melting for 7 min to make metal liquid; Step S5, preparation of bearing rough blank: inject the made wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant metal liquid into a bearing mold, and after cooling, demold to make a bearing rough blank; Step S6, finish machining of bearing rough blank: perform each process of cold ring rolling process, heat treatment process, rough grinding process, thermal stability process, finish grinding process and lapping process on the made bearing rough blank to make a bearing finished product. Embodiment

[0023] The wear-resistant bimetallic spherical plain bearing proposed by the present invention comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60 parts of iron, 4.2 parts of chromium steel, 3.1 parts of silicon-aluminum steel, 1.3 parts of tungsten boride, 5.8 parts of bismuth telluride, 3.6 parts of copper, 2.5 parts of zinc, and 1.1 parts of high polymer, and the high polymer is polytetrafluoroethylene.

[0024] The preparation process of the wear-resistant bimetal articulated bearing includes the following steps: Step S1, preparation of chromium steel, including the following steps: Step S101, weigh 0.97 parts of iron, 0.1 part of chromium, 0.05 part of carbon, 0.04 part of silicon, 0.06 part of manganese, 0.04 part of sulfur, and 0.03 part of phosphorus, and stir and mix the raw materials to obtain mixture A; Step S102, put mixture A into a high-temperature electric furnace for melting, and set the furnace temperature at 1520 °C; Step S103, after melting for 22 minutes, add 1.0 part of deoxidizer and 1.0 part of desulfurizer, and continue melting for 9 minutes; Step S104, after completing the melting, pour the molten metal into a pre-prepared mold for cooling and solidification. After cooling, take out the solidified chromium steel blank and perform annealing and normalizing to obtain chromium steel; Step S2, preparation of silicon-aluminum steel, including the following steps: Step S201, weigh 0.94 parts of iron, 0.1 part of silicon, 0.1 part of aluminum, 0.3 part of carbon, 0.045 part of sulfur, and 0.045 part of phosphorus, and stir and mix the raw materials to obtain mixture B; Step S202, put mixture B into a high-temperature electric furnace, and set the furnace temperature at 1552 °C; Step S203, after melting for 9 minutes, add 1.0 part of deoxidizer and 1.0 part of desulfurizer, and continue melting for 7 minutes; Step S204, after completing the melting, pour the molten metal into a pre-prepared mold for cooling and solidification. After cooling, take out the solidified silicon-aluminum steel blank and perform annealing and normalizing to obtain silicon-aluminum steel; Step S3, add iron, chromium steel, silicon-aluminum steel, tungsten boride, bismuth telluride, copper, zinc, and polytetrafluoroethylene to a high-speed crusher for high-speed crushing. The rotation speed of the high-speed crusher is 3900 r / min to make mixed metal powder; Step S4, preheat the mixed metal powder in a furnace to 1850 °C, keep it warm for 7 minutes, and then raise the temperature to 3050 °C for melting for 8 minutes to make metal liquid; Step S5, preparation of bearing rough blank: Inject the made wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant metal liquid into a bearing mold, and after cooling, demold to make a bearing rough blank; Step S6, finish machining of bearing rough blank: The manufactured bearing rough blank undergoes various technological processes including cold ring rolling process, heat treatment process, rough grinding process, thermal stability process, finish grinding process, and lapping process to produce finished bearings. Embodiment

[0025] The wear-resistant bimetallic spherical plain bearing proposed by the present invention comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 62 parts of iron, 5.2 parts of chromium steel, 4.0 parts of silicon-aluminum steel, 1.5 parts of tungsten boride, 7.1 parts of bismuth telluride, 4.0 parts of copper, 2.8 parts of zinc, and 1.2 parts of high polymer, and the high polymer is polytetrafluoroethylene.

[0026] The preparation process of the wear-resistant bimetallic spherical plain bearing comprises the following steps: Step S1, preparation of chromium steel, comprising the following steps: Step S101, weigh 0.97 parts of iron, 0.1 part of chromium, 0.05 part of carbon, 0.04 part of silicon, 0.06 part of manganese, 0.04 part of sulfur, and 0.03 part of phosphorus, and stir and mix the raw materials to obtain mixture A; Step S102, put mixture A into a high-temperature electric furnace for melting, and set the furnace temperature at 1550 °C; Step S103, after melting for 25 minutes, add 1.0 part of deoxidizer and 1.0 part of desulfurizer, and continue melting for 10 minutes; Step S104, after completing melting, pour the molten metal into a pre-prepared mold for cooling and solidification. After cooling, take out the solidified chromium steel blank and perform annealing and normalizing to obtain chromium steel; Step S2, preparation of silicon-aluminum steel, comprising the following steps: Step S201, weigh 0.94 parts of iron, 0.1 part of silicon, 0.1 part of aluminum, 0.3 part of carbon, 0.045 part of sulfur, and 0.045 part of phosphorus, and stir and mix the raw materials to obtain mixture B; Step S202, put mixture B into a high-temperature electric furnace, and set the furnace temperature at 1555 °C; Step S203, after melting for 12 minutes, add 1.0 part of deoxidizer and 1.0 part of desulfurizer, and continue melting for 11 minutes; Step S204, after completing melting, pour the molten metal into a pre-prepared mold for cooling and solidification. After cooling, take out the solidified silicon-aluminum steel blank and perform annealing and normalizing to obtain silicon-aluminum steel; Step S3, add iron, chromium steel, silicon-aluminum steel, tungsten boride, bismuth telluride, copper, zinc, and polytetrafluoroethylene into a high-speed crusher for high-speed crushing. The rotation speed of the high-speed crusher is 4000 r / min to produce mixed metal powder; Step S4: Add the mixed metal powder into a furnace, preheat it to 1900 °C, keep it warm for 8 minutes, then raise the temperature to 3100 °C and melt it for 10 minutes to make the metal liquid. Step S5: Preparation of the bearing rough blank: Pour the made wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant metal liquid into a bearing mold, after cooling, demold it to make the bearing rough blank. Step S6: Finish machining of the bearing rough blank: Conduct various technological processes including cold ring rolling process, heat treatment process, rough grinding process, thermal stability process, finish grinding process and lapping process on the made bearing rough blank to make the bearing finished product. Embodiment

[0027] The wear-resistant bimetallic spherical plain bearing proposed by the present invention comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 63.0 parts of iron, 6.2 parts of chromium steel, 4.2 parts of silicon-aluminum steel, 1.6 parts of tungsten boride, 7.6 parts of bismuth telluride, 4.2 parts of copper, 3.2 parts of zinc, 1.5 parts of high polymer, and the high polymer is polytetrafluoroethylene.

[0028] The preparation process of the wear-resistant bimetallic spherical plain bearing comprises the following steps: Step S1: Preparation of chromium steel, comprising the following steps: Step S101: Weigh 0.97 parts of iron, 0.1 part of chromium, 0.05 part of carbon, 0.04 part of silicon, 0.06 part of manganese, 0.04 part of sulfur, 0.03 part of phosphorus, and stir and mix the raw materials to obtain mixture A; Step S102: Put mixture A into a high-temperature electric furnace for melting, and set the furnace temperature at 1580 °C; Step S103: After melting for 28 minutes, add 1.0 part of deoxidizer and 1.0 part of desulfurizer, and continue melting for 12 minutes; Step S104: After completing melting, pour the molten metal into a pre-prepared mold for cooling and solidification. After cooling, take out the solidified chromium steel blank and conduct annealing and normalizing to obtain chromium steel. Step S2: Preparation of silicon-aluminum steel, comprising the following steps: Step S201: Weigh 0.94 parts of iron, 0.1 part of silicon, 0.1 part of aluminum, 0.3 part of carbon, 0.045 part of sulfur, 0.045 part of phosphorus, and stir and mix the raw materials to obtain mixture B; Step S202: Put mixture B into a high-temperature electric furnace, and set the furnace temperature between 1558 °C; Step S203: After melting for 12 minutes, add 1.0 part of deoxidizer and 1.0 part of desulfurizer, and continue melting for 9 minutes; Step S204: After completing melting, pour the molten metal into a pre-prepared mold for cooling and solidification. After cooling, take out the solidified silicon-aluminum steel blank and conduct annealing and normalizing to obtain silicon-aluminum steel. Step S3: Add iron, chromium steel, silicon-aluminum steel, tungsten boride, bismuth telluride, copper, zinc, and polytetrafluoroethylene into a high-speed grinder for high-speed grinding. The rotation speed of the high-speed grinder is 4100 r / min to make mixed metal powder. Step S4: Preheat the mixed metal powder in a furnace to 1950 °C, keep it warm for 9 min, and then raise the temperature to 3150 °C for smelting for 10 min to make metal liquid. Step S5: Preparation of bearing rough blank: Pour the made wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant metal liquid into a bearing mold. After cooling, demold to make a bearing rough blank. Step S6: Finish machining of bearing rough blank: Carry out various technological processes including cold ring rolling process, heat treatment process, rough grinding process, thermal stability process, finish grinding process, and lapping process on the made bearing rough blank to make a finished bearing. Embodiment

[0029] The wear-resistant bimetallic spherical plain bearing proposed by the present invention comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 64.0 parts of iron, 7.2 parts of chromium steel, 5.2 parts of silicon-aluminum steel, 1.8 parts of tungsten boride, 8.1 parts of bismuth telluride, 4.5 parts of copper, 3.5 parts of zinc, and 1.6 parts of high polymer, and the high polymer is polytetrafluoroethylene.

[0030] The preparation process of the wear-resistant bimetallic spherical plain bearing comprises the following steps: Step S1: Preparation of chromium steel, comprising the following steps: Step S101: Weigh 0.97 parts of iron, 0.1 part of chromium, 0.05 part of carbon, 0.04 part of silicon, 0.06 part of manganese, 0.04 part of sulfur, and 0.03 part of phosphorus. Stir and mix the raw materials to obtain mixture A. Step S102: Put mixture A into a high-temperature electric furnace for smelting, and set the furnace temperature at 1600 °C. Step S103: After smelting for 30 min, add 1.0 part of deoxidizer and 1.0 part of desulfurizer, and continue smelting for 15 min. Step S104: After finishing smelting, pour the molten metal into a pre-prepared mold for cooling and solidification. After cooling, take out the solidified chromium steel blank and carry out annealing and normalizing to obtain chromium steel. Step S2: Preparation of silicon-aluminum steel, comprising the following steps: Step S201: Weigh 0.94 parts of iron, 0.1 part of silicon, 0.1 part of aluminum, 0.3 part of carbon, 0.045 part of sulfur, and 0.045 part of phosphorus. Stir and mix the raw materials to obtain mixture B. Step S202: Put mixture B into a high-temperature electric furnace, and set the furnace temperature at 1560 °C. Step S203, after melting for 15 minutes, add 1.0 part of deoxidizer and 1.0 part of desulfurizer, and continue melting for 10 minutes; Step S204, after completing melting, pour the molten metal into a pre-prepared mold, cool and solidify it. After cooling, take out the solidified silicon-aluminum steel blank, and perform annealing and normalizing to obtain silicon-aluminum steel; Step S3, add iron, chromium steel, silicon-aluminum steel, tungsten boride, bismuth telluride, copper, zinc, and polytetrafluoroethylene into a high-speed crusher, and perform high-speed crushing. The rotation speed of the high-speed crusher is 4200 r / min to make a mixed metal powder; Step S4, preheat the mixed metal powder in a furnace to 2000 °C, keep it warm for 10 minutes, then raise the temperature to 3200 °C and melt it for 12 minutes to make a metal liquid; Step S5, preparation of bearing rough blank: pour the made wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant metal liquid into a bearing mold, and after cooling, demold it to make a bearing rough blank; Step S6, finish machining of bearing rough blank: perform each process of cold ring rolling process, heat treatment process, rough grinding process, thermal stability process, finish grinding process and lapping process on the made bearing rough blank to make a finished bearing.

[0031] Comparative Example 1 The wear-resistant bimetallic articulated bearing proposed by the present invention comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 59.0 parts of iron, 2.3 parts of silicon-aluminum steel, 1.2 parts of tungsten boride, 5.2 parts of bismuth telluride, 3.5 parts of copper, 2.0 parts of zinc, 0.8 part of high polymer, and the high polymer is polytetrafluoroethylene.

[0032] The preparation process of the wear-resistant bimetallic articulated bearing comprises the following steps: Step S1, preparation of silicon-aluminum steel, comprising the following steps: Step S101, weigh 0.94 part of iron, 0.1 part of silicon, 0.1 part of aluminum, 0.3 part of carbon, 0.045 part of sulfur, 0.045 part of phosphorus, and stir and mix the raw materials to obtain mixture B; Step S102, put mixture B into a high-temperature electric furnace, and set the furnace temperature at 1550 °C; Step S103, after melting for 8 minutes, add 1.0 part of deoxidizer and 1.0 part of desulfurizer, and continue melting for 6 minutes; Step S104, after completing melting, pour the molten metal into a pre-prepared mold, cool and solidify it. After cooling, take out the solidified silicon-aluminum steel blank, and perform annealing and normalizing to obtain silicon-aluminum steel; Step S2, add iron, silicon-aluminum steel, tungsten boride, bismuth telluride, copper, zinc, and polytetrafluoroethylene into a high-speed crusher, and perform high-speed crushing. The rotation speed of the high-speed crusher is 3800 r / min to make a mixed metal powder; Step S3: Add the mixed metal powder into a furnace, preheat it to 1800 °C, keep it warm for 6 minutes, then raise the temperature to 3000 °C and melt for 7 minutes to make molten metal. Step S4: Preparation of bearing rough blanks: Pour the made wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant molten metal into a bearing mold, and after cooling, demold it to make bearing rough blanks. Step S5: Finish machining of bearing rough blanks: Carry out various technological processes including cold ring rolling process, heat treatment process, rough grinding process, thermal stability process, finish grinding process and lapping process on the made bearing rough blanks to make finished bearings.

[0033] Comparative Example 2 The wear-resistant bimetallic spherical plain bearing proposed by the present invention comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 59.0 parts of iron, 3.2 parts of chromium steel, 1.2 parts of tungsten boride, 5.2 parts of bismuth telluride, 3.5 parts of copper, 2.0 parts of zinc, 0.8 part of high polymer, and the high polymer is polytetrafluoroethylene.

[0034] The preparation process of the wear-resistant bimetallic spherical plain bearing comprises the following steps: Step S1: Preparation of chromium steel, including the following steps: Step S101: Weigh 0.97 part of iron, 0.1 part of chromium, 0.05 part of carbon, 0.04 part of silicon, 0.06 part of manganese, 0.04 part of sulfur, 0.03 part of phosphorus, and stir and mix the raw materials to obtain mixture A; Step S102: Put mixture A into a high-temperature electric furnace for melting, and set the furnace temperature at 1500 °C; Step S103: After melting for 20 minutes, add 1.0 part of deoxidizer and 1.0 part of desulfurizer, and continue melting for 8 minutes; Step S104: After completing melting, pour the molten metal into a pre-prepared mold for cooling and solidification. After cooling, take out the solidified chromium steel blank and carry out annealing and normalizing to obtain chromium steel; Step S2: Add iron, chromium steel, tungsten boride, bismuth telluride, copper, zinc, and polytetrafluoroethylene into a high-speed crusher for high-speed crushing. The rotation speed of the high-speed crusher is 3800 r / min to make mixed metal powder; Step S3: Add the mixed metal powder into a furnace, preheat it to 1800 °C, keep it warm for 6 minutes, then raise the temperature to 3000 °C and melt for 7 minutes to make molten metal. Step S4: Preparation of bearing rough blanks: Pour the made wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant molten metal into a bearing mold, and after cooling, demold it to make bearing rough blanks. Step S5: Finish machining of bearing rough blanks: Carry out various technological processes including cold ring rolling process, heat treatment process, rough grinding process, thermal stability process, finish grinding process and lapping process on the made bearing rough blanks to make finished bearings.

[0035] Comparative Example 3 The wear-resistant bimetallic spherical plain bearing proposed by the present invention comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 59.0 parts of iron, 1.2 parts of tungsten boride, 5.2 parts of bismuth telluride, 3.5 parts of copper, 2.0 parts of zinc, 0.8 part of high polymer, and the high polymer is polytetrafluoroethylene.

[0036] The preparation process of the wear-resistant bimetallic spherical plain bearing comprises the following steps: Step S1, adding iron, chromium steel, silicon-aluminum steel, tungsten boride, bismuth telluride, copper, zinc, and polytetrafluoroethylene into a high-speed grinder for high-speed grinding. The rotation speed of the high-speed grinder is 3800 r / min to make mixed metal powder; Step S2, preheating the mixed metal powder in a furnace to 1800 °C, holding for 6 min, and then heating to 3000 °C for melting for 7 min to make metal liquid; Step S3, preparation of bearing rough blank: injecting the made wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant metal liquid into a bearing mold, demolding after cooling to make a bearing rough blank; Step S4, finish machining of bearing rough blank: performing various technological processes including cold ring rolling process, heat treatment process, rough grinding process, thermal stability process, finish grinding process, and lapping process on the made bearing rough blank to make a bearing finished product.

[0037] Table 1 Raw material ratios of Examples 1-5 and Comparative Examples 1-3 Sample components Iron Chrome steel Silicoaluminium steel Tungsten boride Bismuth telluride Copper Zinc Polytetrafluoroethylene Example 1 59.0 3.2 2.3 1.2 5.2 3.5 2.0 0.8 Example 2 60.0 4.2 3.1 1.3 5.8 3.6 2.5 1.1 Example 3 62.0 5.2 4.0 1.5 7.1 4.0 2.8 1.2 Example 4 63.0 6.2 4.2 1.6 7.6 4.2 3.2 1.5 Example 5 64.0 7.2 5.2 1.8 8.1 4.5 3.5 1.6 Comparative example 1 59.0 - 2.3 1.2 5.2 3.5 2.0 0.8 Comparative example 2 59.0 3.2 - 1.2 5.2 3.5 2.0 0.8 Comparative example 3 59.0 - - 1.2 5.2 3.5 2.0 0.8 In order to verify the technical effects of the bearings prepared by the present invention, the bearings prepared in Examples 1-5 and Comparative Examples 1-3 were tested: Detection of friction performance: Using an MRH-3A high-speed ring-block friction testing machine, test conditions: load: 66 N, rotation speed: 1100 rpm, time: 96 h, lubricating medium: water, temperature: 90 ± 2 °C, and using the weight difference before and after friction as the wear amount.

[0038] Sample components Iron Chrome steel Silicoaluminium steel Tungsten boride Bismuth telluride Copper Zinc Polytetrafluoroethylene Example 1 59.0 3.2 2.3 1.2 5.2 3.5 2.0 0.8 Example 2 60.0 4.2 3.1 1.3 5.8 3.6 2.5 1.1 Example 3 62.0 5.2 4.0 1.5 7.1 4.0 2.8 1.2 Example 4 63.0 6.2 4.2 1.6 7.6 4.2 3.2 1.5 Example 5 64.0 7.2 5.2 1.8 8.1 4.5 3.5 1.6 Comparative example 1 59.0 - 2.3 1.2 5.2 3.5 2.0 0.8 Comparative example 2 59.0 3.2 - 1.2 5.2 3.5 2.0 0.8 Comparative example 3 59.0 - - 1.2 5.2 3.5 2.0 0.8

[0039] It can be seen from the above table that the bearings prepared by the present invention have obvious performance in wear resistance; through the addition of chromium steel and silicon-aluminum steel prepared by the present invention, the wear resistance of the bearings is greatly improved. By adding chromium steel and silicon-aluminum steel, chromium elements can increase the corrosion resistance and wear resistance of the steel, and improve the service life of the bearings; adding silicon and aluminum elements can improve the toughness and wear resistance of the steel, and improve the anti-fatigue performance of the bearings. In addition, it has a good synergistic effect on the strength, hardness, and toughness of the bearings.

[0040] The bearing uses iron as the main component of the bearing material. Ferritic steel has high strength, hardness and wear resistance, and can withstand large loads and high-speed operation. By preparing chromium steel and adding it to the bearing raw materials, the corrosion resistance is improved. The chromium element added to the chromium steel can form a dense chromium oxide film, which can prevent oxygen, water and other corrosive media from eroding the steel, and improve the corrosion resistance of the bearing. At the same time, the wear resistance is increased. The chromium element added to the chromium steel can form hard chromium carbide particles, improve the hardness and wear resistance of the steel, and reduce the wear and friction of the bearing. In addition, the strength and hardness are improved. The carbon element in the chromium steel can improve the strength and hardness of the steel, and increase the load-bearing capacity and anti-deformation ability of the bearing.

[0041] By adding chromium steel, the grain structure and tissue uniformity of the steel can be improved, and the overall performance and reliability of the bearing can be enhanced. Moreover, the high-temperature resistance of the bearing is improved. The alloying elements added to the chromium steel can improve the high-temperature resistance of the steel, ensuring the normal operation of the bearing in a high-temperature environment.

[0042] Furthermore, by adding silicon-aluminum steel, adding silicon and aluminum elements can improve the toughness and wear resistance of the steel, and improve the anti-fatigue performance of the bearing. The addition of silicon-aluminum steel can increase the toughness and wear resistance of the steel, making the prepared bearing have high anti-fatigue performance and reducing the risk of fracture and fatigue damage; the silicon and aluminum elements added to the silicon-aluminum steel can form wear-resistant hard compounds, making the bearing have excellent anti-wear ability and extending the service life. The addition of silicon-aluminum steel can improve the grain structure and tissue uniformity of the steel, and improve the overall performance and reliability of the bearing. Silicon-aluminum steel has a low coefficient of friction, which is beneficial to reducing the friction loss and energy consumption of the bearing and improving the efficiency of the bearing. The alloying elements added to the silicon-aluminum steel can enhance the corrosion resistance of the steel and protect the bearing from corrosion and oxidation.

[0043] In addition, by adding the high-polymer material polytetrafluoroethylene, which has a low coefficient of friction and good self-lubricity, the friction and wear can be reduced.

[0044] The above specific embodiments are only several alternative embodiments of the present invention. Based on the technical solution of the present invention and the relevant revelations of the above embodiments, those skilled in the art can make various alternative improvements and combinations to the above specific embodiments.

Claims

1. Wear-resistant bimetal spherical plain bearing, characterized in that, Comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 59.0 - 64.0 parts of iron, 3.2 - 7.2 parts of chromium steel, 2.3 - 5.2 parts of silicon-aluminum steel, 1.2 - 1.8 parts of tungsten boride, 5.2 - 8.1 parts of bismuth telluride, 3.5 - 4.5 parts of copper, 2.0 - 3.5 parts of zinc, 0.8 - 1.6 parts of high polymer.

2. The wear-resistant bimetallic spherical plain bearing and preparation process according to claim 1, characterized in that The chromium steel comprises 0.97 parts of iron, 0.1 part of chromium, 0.05 part of carbon, 0.04 part of silicon, 0.06 part of manganese, 0.04 part of sulfur, 0.03 part of phosphorus.

3. The wear-resistant bimetallic articulated bearing and preparation process according to claim 2, characterized in that, The silicon-aluminum steel comprises 0.94 parts of iron, 0.1 part of silicon, 0.1 part of aluminum, 0.3 part of carbon, 0.045 part of sulfur, 0.045 part of phosphorus.

4. The wear-resistant bimetal articulated bearing according to claim 1, wherein The preparation method of the tungsten boride is as follows: Firstly, boron powder and tungsten powder with a B / W molar ratio of 1:3 are placed in a mixing tank, taken out after being fully mixed for 12 h; Then, the uniformly mixed boron powder and tungsten powder are placed in a graphite crucible with BN powder coated on the inner wall, and then the crucible and the powder are put into a high-temperature and high-pressure container together. The pressure is set to 10 GPa, and then it is heated to 1500 °C at a heating rate of 20 °C / min, taken out after heat preservation for 4 h; Finally, the synthesized powder is crushed and screened to obtain tungsten boride powder.

5. The wear-resistant bimetallic articulated bearing according to claim 1, wherein The high polymer is polytetrafluoroethylene.

6. The wear-resistant bimetallic articulated bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that, Comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60.0 - 63.0 parts of iron, 4.0 - 7.0 parts of chromium steel, 2.5 - 5.0 parts of silicon-aluminum steel, 1.4 - 1.7 parts of tungsten boride, 5.8 - 7.7 parts of bismuth telluride, 3.8 - 4.2 parts of copper, 2.3 - 3.3 parts of zinc, 0.9 - 1.5 parts of high polymer.

7. The preparation process of the wear-resistant bimetal articulated bearing according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, Comprising the following steps: Step S1, preparation of chromium steel, comprising the following steps: Step S101, weigh 0.97 parts of iron, 0.1 part of chromium, 0.05 part of carbon, 0.04 part of silicon, 0.06 part of manganese, 0.04 part of sulfur, 0.03 part of phosphorus, and stir and mix the raw materials to obtain mixture A; Step S102, put mixture A into a high-temperature electric furnace for melting, and set the furnace temperature between 1500 °C and 1600 °C; Step S103, after melting for 20 - 30 min, add 1.0 part of deoxidizer and 1.0 part of desulfurizer, and continue melting for 8 - 15 min; Step S104, after completing melting, pour the molten metal into a pre-prepared mold for cooling and solidification. After cooling, take out the solidified chromium steel blank and perform annealing and normalizing to obtain chromium steel; Step S2, preparation of silicon-aluminum steel, comprising the following steps: Step S201, weigh 0.94 parts of iron, 0.1 part of silicon, 0.1 part of aluminum, 0.3 part of carbon, 0.045 part of sulfur, 0.045 part of phosphorus, and stir and mix the raw materials to obtain mixture B; Step S202, put mixture B into a high-temperature electric furnace, and set the furnace temperature between 1550 °C and 1560 °C; Step S203, after melting for 8 - 15 min, add 1.0 part of deoxidizer and 1.0 part of desulfurizer, and continue melting for 6 - 10 min; Step S204, after completing melting, pour the molten metal into a pre-prepared mold for cooling and solidification. After cooling, take out the solidified silicon-aluminum steel blank and perform annealing and normalizing to obtain silicon-aluminum steel; Step S3: Add iron, chromium steel, silicon-aluminum steel, tungsten boride, bismuth telluride, copper, zinc, and polytetrafluoroethylene into a high-speed crusher, and perform high-speed crushing to make mixed metal powder; Step S4: Add the mixed metal powder into a furnace and preheat it to 1800 - 2000 °C, keep it warm for 6 - 10 min, then raise the temperature to 3000 - 3200 °C and melt it for 7 - 12 min to make metal liquid; Step S5: Preparation of bearing rough blank: Inject the made wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant metal liquid into a bearing mold, and after cooling, demold it to make a bearing rough blank; Step S6: Finish machining of bearing rough blank: Perform various technological processes including cold ring rolling process, heat treatment process, rough grinding process, thermal stability process, finish grinding process, and lapping process on the made bearing rough blank to make a finished bearing.

8. The preparation process of the wear-resistant bimetal articulated bearing according to claim 7, characterized in that, In the said Step S3, the rotational speed of the high-speed crusher is 3800 - 4200 r / min.

9. The preparation process of the wear-resistant bimetallic articulated bearing according to claim 7, characterized in that, In the said Step S4, add the mixed metal powder into a furnace and preheat it to 1900 °C, keep it warm for 8 min, then raise the temperature to 3100 °C and melt it for 10 min to make metal liquid.