Tesla turbine low-temperature power generation device

Abstract

The invention discloses a low-temperature power generation device of a Tesla turbine, belongs to the field of low-temperature power generation, and aims to generate electric energy by utilizing a wide range of low-temperature heat sources. At present, the main power of energy is fossil energy, and with the increasingly strict requirements for environmental protection and carbon emission, the ubiquitous low-temperature heat energy becomes the main attack direction of research in recent years. The Tesla turbine is invented in 1913, is particularly suitable for low-flow and low-power occasions, and is combined with a compressor and a low-temperature refrigerant, the compressor provides pressure difference required by the turbine, heat is absorbed from the environment through evaporation of the refrigerant, high-temperature and high-pressure saturated gas formed by a condenser drives the turbine to rotate so as to drive a power generator to generate power, and the power generation efficiency is improved. By means of the reverse Carnot cycle, the generated power is the sum of electric work and thermal work. The Tesla turbine is simple in structure, easy to manufacture and high in efficiency, and a large amount of heat exists in the environment, so that a continuous and stable solution is provided for increasing the endurance mileage of an electric vehicle and household small-power generation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] A low-temperature power generation device for a Tesla turbine belongs to the technical field of low-temperature power generation. Background Art

[0002] With the development of the world, the demand for energy is increasing. In China's current energy structure, fossil energy is still the main force. Especially coal accounts for as high as 70%, 72% of oil is imported, and 41% of gas is imported. For nuclear power, hydropower, photovoltaic, tidal energy, etc., the proportion is very small. Especially for photovoltaic and wind power, they are greatly affected by the natural environment, and many of them have not been connected to the grid. As for controllable nuclear fusion, it is still in the research and development stage, and it still needs a development process and a certain amount of time.

[0003] Heat is everywhere. Currently, the main method used is to burn fossil fuels to boil water, thereby driving a steam turbine to generate electricity. Temperatures below 200 degrees belong to the low-temperature range. Currently, the organic Rankine ORC technology is used. For low temperatures below 200 degrees, a high-pressure working fluid is obtained through the compression cycle of a low-temperature refrigerant to drive a generator to generate electricity. These all belong to large and medium-sized generator sets.

[0004] However, for the widely distributed and abundant low-temperature heat sources, there are not many practical applications. The most commonly used ones are the heating of air conditioners and the heating of water by air energy.

[0005] Under the existing technology, the energy efficiency ratio of air conditioners has reached as high as 5 - 7, and the efficiency of air source heat pumps is also above 3. It is not energy conversion but energy transfer. Its core lies in the compressor, chip, and system design. The quality of the compressor determines the system efficiency and service life.

[0006] The Tesla turbine was invented in 1913 and has the advantages of simple manufacturing and high efficiency. It is especially suitable for applications with low flow rates and small powers. Due to material limitations at that time, it has not been widely used until now. Especially in the field of power generation, it is only used by enthusiasts for experimental research and is only used as a fluid pump in actual application fields.

[0007] The Tesla turbine is driven by high-pressure gas or liquid and uses the shear force of the boundary layer fluid to drive the disk to rotate. The higher the speed, the higher the efficiency. Currently, there is very little research on the Tesla turbine. It is said that Tesla's efficiency reached 97% at that time, while the currently available efficiency is only 75%. Factors such as fluid, nozzle, shear angle, disk thickness, and boundary layer distance also need to be considered. Even so, the efficiency is acceptable. With the increasing attention to the Tesla turbine and the emergence of new technical means and new materials, the efficiency of the Tesla turbine will be higher and higher.

[0008] Take hydroelectric power generation as an example. The water level is artificially raised to increase the pressure difference to drive the turbine to generate electricity. For the Tesla turbine, a certain pressure difference is also required. Using the reverse Carnot cycle, the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant drives the rotation of the disk. The low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant after processing absorbs heat from the environment and is then injected into the condenser through the compressor. Its principle is equivalent to an air source heat pump, and the energy generated is equivalent to thermal work plus electrical work.

[0009] Compressors, especially large flow compressors, have been widely used in air conditioners and air-energy water heaters. High temperature resistant compressors, frequency conversion control, motor drive, temperature control, pressure protection, mechanical structure and manufacturing are already very mature. Summary of the invention

[0010] The purpose of the present invention is to utilize the large amount of heat existing in the environment, use refrigerants and compressors to provide the Tesla turbine with a suitable working state. Through the operation of the compressor, the evaporator absorbs a large amount of environmental heat, forming high temperature and high pressure in the condenser, and low temperature and low pressure in the evaporator, thereby forming a pressure difference at both ends of the Tesla turbine, driving the Tesla turbine to rotate, driving the generator, and thus generating the electricity we need.

[0011] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: the power generation device is composed of a condenser, an electronic expansion valve (or solenoid valve), a Tesla power generation device, an evaporator, a circulation fan, a drying filter, a compressor, a one-way valve, a sensor and a power generation, charging, inverter module circuit, and a control module circuit.

[0012] The outlet of the condenser is connected to the high-pressure inlet of the Tesla generator through an electronic expansion valve (or solenoid valve), and the low-pressure port of the Tesla generator (consisting of a Tesla turbine, a speed change mechanism, a generator and a sealed housing, shock absorbers, fixings, a power supply, and a signal output terminal) is connected to the evaporator, and the other outlet of the evaporator (or through a dry filter) is connected to the suction port of the compressor, and the high-pressure port of the compressor is connected to the condenser inlet through a one-way valve. Due to the structure of the Tesla turbine, sealing is a vexing problem. If the sealing of the bearing can be solved, the low-pressure end is preferably directly led out from the turbine outlet.

[0013] Furthermore, the condenser is connected to the electronic expansion valve (or solenoid valve) through a high-pressure connecting pipe, and the other end is connected to the high-pressure end of the Tesla generator. Furthermore, the outlet of the Tesla turbine is connected to one end of the evaporator through a pipeline via the low-pressure end of the sealed box (if the sealing problem can be solved, the low-pressure end can be directly taken out from the outlet of the Tesla turbine, the sealed box can be eliminated, and the speed change mechanism, generator, etc. can be externally placed) The other end of the evaporator is connected to the compressor suction port (or one end of the dry filter).

[0014] Furthermore, a drying filter is added considering environmental humidity and cabinet structure factors, which can be removed if the environment is suitable.

[0015] Furthermore, the high-pressure end of the compressor is connected to the inlet of the condenser through a check valve via a pipeline.

[0016] Furthermore, a fan is provided beside the evaporator to increase air flow.

[0017] Furthermore, the size and shape of the Tesla turbine nozzle are designed according to the system and power, and appropriate materials are selected to increase the service life, and it can also be designed to be replaceable.

[0018] Furthermore, appropriate refrigerants and compressors are selected according to the working environment and system efficiency.

[0019] Furthermore, the power output of the Tesla turbine is connected to the generator through a speed-changing mechanism. Detection devices such as rotational speed, temperature, current, and voltage can be set according to circuit requirements.

[0020] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: By utilizing a large amount of low-quality heat sources existing in the environment, and using the evaporation and condensation of low-temperature refrigerants, a large amount of heat is absorbed from the environment, thereby forming a high-temperature and high-pressure saturated gas in the condenser, driving the Tesla turbine to rotate at a high speed, and thus driving the generator to generate electricity, with stable power generation, small occupied space, and convenient installation. Brief Description of the Drawings:

[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, the accompanying drawings are briefly described below.

[0022] Figure 1 : Structure diagram of the power generation system

[0023] Figure 2 : Structure diagram of the Tesla power generation device

[0024] Figure 3 : Diagram of the power generation, charging, and inversion modules

[0025] Figure 4 : Diagram of the control circuit module

[0026] This generator consists of: condenser (1), electronic expansion valve (or solenoid valve) (2), Tesla power generation device (3), evaporator (4), drying filter (5), compressor (6), check valve (7), and fan (8).

[0027] Among them, the Tesla power generation device consists of: Figure 2 : Sealed housing (9), Tesla turbine (10), generator (11), speed-changing mechanism (12), shock-absorbing and fixing parts (13), low-pressure interface (14), and high-pressure interface (15).

[0028] Circuit part: Figure 3 : Bridge rectifier (1), relay (2), fuse (3), thermistor (4), safety capacitor (5), electrolytic capacitor (6), energy storage supercapacitor or battery (7), power generation, charging, and inverter circuit (8)

[0029] Figure 4 : Control circuit power supply (9), detection, small signal processing circuit module (10), control circuit module (11), fan drive (12), compressor drive (13), expansion valve drive (14), control panel (15) Specific implementation mode

[0030] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:

[0031] When the power is turned on, the expansion valve (or solenoid valve) quickly opens, and the high-pressure refrigerant drives the Tesla turbine disk to rotate at high speed through the nozzle. When an electrical signal is detected, the compressor starts. When the voltage reaches a certain threshold, the power relay is energized to connect the load.

[0032] After work, the volume of the refrigerant expands rapidly, the temperature drops, and it flows from the low-pressure port to the evaporator. Through the evaporation of the refrigerant and the fan circulation, a large amount of heat is taken away from the environment, inhaled into the compressor through the dryer filter, and then compressed by the compressor and injected into the condenser through the check valve, and so on in a continuous cycle. Its principle is equivalent to an air source heat pump, using the reverse Carnot cycle to absorb heat from the environment and form a high-temperature and high-pressure saturated gas in the condenser to drive the Tesla turbine to rotate.

[0033] The control circuit can detect the pressure difference at both ends and the change of the load by detecting the temperature difference between the condenser and the evaporator and outputting the change of the current, so as to control the speed of the compressor and maintain the stability of the system.

[0034] When the device is shut down, first close the expansion valve (or solenoid valve), the compressor continues to work, and stops when it reaches a certain pressure, maintaining a certain pressure difference of the turbine to facilitate starting when the machine is turned on. Due to the extremely large environmental differences in different places, the system and defrosting methods can be set according to the usage environment, such as natural defrosting, two-way valve type, electric auxiliary heating, etc.

[0035] When using a constant-speed compressor, the power-on and power-off sequences are the same. By detecting the temperature difference between the two ends of the condenser and the evaporator or the change of the voltage, the opening degree of the expansion valve is controlled. The greater the temperature difference, the faster the speed and the greater the power generation. For charging, the energy storage battery or capacitor in the inverter circuit module is selected according to the usage scenario. When the voltage reaches a certain value, the compressor stops. When the voltage drops to a certain value, the compressor starts. Here, the expansion valve (or solenoid valve) only plays a role of switching and fine-tuning.

[0036] According to the usage scenarios, the power supply design allows households to obtain power from the power grid or generate electricity. For some special occasions, energy storage devices can be added, along with charge and discharge circuits.

[0037] For cars, high temperatures inside the vehicle have always been unpopular, especially in summer, which can cause the rubber, instruments, and seats inside the vehicle to age. This is even more true for electric vehicles. If the air conditioner and power generation are considered together during the design, by using the in-vehicle air conditioner and adding a Tesla generator device, and optimizing the circuit, pipeline, and circulation system, a series of problems caused by high temperatures inside the vehicle can be solved, and more importantly, the range anxiety problem of electric vehicles can be addressed: it can generate electricity while driving and even when parked.

[0038] For ordinary households, a power of several kilowatts is sufficient for daily life needs. Electric vehicles can achieve long-distance cruising with a small-capacity battery or even with supercapacitors.

[0039] At present, Tesla turbines and compressors are the core, including issues such as the material of the turbine, corrosion resistance, refrigerant selection, the structure and manufacturing of the nozzle, bearings, lubrication, etc. For the supporting compressors, especially high-power Tesla turbines, a certain amount of human and material resources need to be invested in research.

Claims

1. A Tesla turbine low temperature power generation device, characterized in that: It consists of a condenser, an electronic expansion valve (or solenoid valve), a Tesla power generation device (Tesla turbine, a speed change mechanism, a generator and a sealed housing, shock absorbers, and fixings), an evaporator, a circulating fan, a drying filter, a compressor, a one-way valve, a power generation, a charging, an inverter module circuit, and a control module circuit. It uses the reverse Carnot cycle, the compressor and the refrigerant to absorb a large amount of heat from the environment, drive the Tesla turbine to operate, and then drive the generator to generate electricity.

2. According to claim 1, its feature is that the condenser is connected to the high pressure side of the Tesla turbine through an electronic expansion valve (or solenoid valve).

3. According to claim 1, its characteristics: The Tesla turbine, speed change mechanism, generator, bracket, connectors, etc. are sealed in a housing, and power supply and signal lines are connected to the outside through connectors.

4. According to claim 1, its characteristics: The low-pressure side of the turbine is connected to the evaporator, and the low-pressure side is discharged from the turbine outlet through the sealed casing.

5. According to claim 1, the evaporator The other end (or through a drying filter) is connected to the suction side of the compressor, and a circulating fan is provided next to the evaporator.

6. According to claim 1, its feature is that the high pressure side of the compressor is connected to the air inlet end of the condenser through a one-way valve.

7. According to claim 1, the charging, power generation, and inverter module circuits are system energy storage, power supply, and power generation circuits. They can also be connected to the power grid to draw power and generate electricity.

8. According to claim 1, its characteristics: Tesla The turbine generator is a detachable structure, which is convenient for daily maintenance. The generator, speed change device, and Tesla turbine can be connected by fixings or formed as a whole.

9. According to claim 2, the electronic expansion valve (or solenoid valve) can be set up separately or built on the turbine.

10. According to claim 4, its characteristics: if the turbine sealing problem can be solved, the low-pressure side is directly taken out from the Tesla turbine outlet and the sealing shell is eliminated.

11. According to claim 3, its feature is that the power output of the Tesla turbine is connected to the generator through a speed change mechanism. Speed, temperature, voltage and current detection devices can be added according to circuit requirements.

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